非谓语动词
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非谓语动词
1、 考点聚焦
1. 非谓语如何作状语
2. 非谓语如何作定语
3. 非谓语如何作主语
4. 非谓语如何作表语
二：非谓语动词如何做状语
做状语的5种形式及用法区别
分词作状语的特例
状语从句的省略
with引导的伴随状语
1. 做状语的基本形式及用法区别
to do
doing
done
having done
having been done
表目的---to do
To rob the bank ,the robber bought a pair of long stockings.
To save her father , she stayed in the castle .
She stayed in the castle to save her father .
To learn English ,we’ve come to the New Oriental School.
主动关系---doing
The robber rushed into the bank , holding a hammer in his hand.
When I was young , I’d listen to the radio ,waiting for my favorite songs.
You hurt me , passing by with a smile.
总结：当逻辑主语和做状语的动词为主动关系的时候，用doing
被动关系---done
Seen from the monitor ,the robber was extremely strong .
Seen at the first glance, she looks beautiful .
总结：当逻辑主语和做状语的动词为被动关系的时候，用done
主动+ 完成--having done
Having robbed the bank , the robber ran away immediately.
Having finished the homework , the students left the classroom.
总结：做状语的动词发生在主句动词之前，依然是主动关系 用having done .
被动+完成--having been done
Having been arrested by the police, the robber regretted about it.
Having been lost by his mother , the poor boy became a beggar.
Having been refused for n times , he lost heart.
总结：表示被动，还发生在主句动词之前，用having been done.
单选真题：
(05全国卷I、II 第32题)
The storm left , a lot of damage to this area
A．caused B．to have caused C．to cause D．having caused
(05全国卷III 第20题)
“You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted, __________ away.
A．run B．running C．to run D．ran
(05福建卷第29题)
—Can the project be finished as planned
—Sure, it completed in time, we’ll work two more hours a day.
A．having got B.to get C．Getting D．get
(05广东卷第24题)
He glanced over at her, ______ that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together.
A. noting B. noted C. to note D. having noted
（05湖北卷第26题）
_____from other continents for millions of years ,Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.
A．Being separated B．Having separated
C．Having been separated D．To be separated
2. 分词作状语的特殊形式（不受上下文的影响）
generally / honestly / frankly speaking
judging from / by
assuming
considering
providing
saying / reading
given
compared with / to
dressed
faced with
to tell you the truth
believe it or not
,let alone
including A
A included
smell / taste / sound / look /----…起来,只能用doing做状语
当表示心情的ed结尾的词做状语,不理解成被动,应理解为感到….
excited / surprised / astonished / amazed
frightened / disappointed embarrassed / interested
例句：
Judging from his appearance ,he is a teacher.
Judging from his appearance , he is a doctor.
Having been seated , they began the meeting .
Having suffered from the illness for many years，he looks weak.
Dressed in an evening dress , she went to the party .
Interested in English ,I came to oriental school.
Smelling delicious , the cake is very popular .
Disappointed at the result of the exam , he tore the paters into pieces .
They are starving , let alone buy themselves fine clothes.
Lost in thought , Newton put his watch in the pot .
I saw a sign , reading “no parking”.
A note /message, saying …
Faced with danger , he is not afraid .
There are 20 students in my class , including 5 Chinese boys.
5 Chinese boys included.
The letter says/reads that…
3.状语从句的省略
While I was walking past the park , I saw Patrick there .
While( I was )walking past the park, I saw Patrick there .
状语从句连词直接加doing/done.的结构.
while/when / if / unless / though + doing / done .
考查点：1) 省略的条件,主语必须一致
2) 省略后的动词形式
When heated , water becomes vapour .
When ______(ask) about her age , she never answers.
A . asked B . asking
单选真题：
(05福建卷第33题)
When help, one often says “Thank you.” or “It’s kind of you.”
A．offering B．to offer C．to be offered D．offered
_____ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.
A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed
（05湖南卷 第22题）
The great hall was crowded with many people, _____ many children _____on their parents’ laps.
A. including; seated B. including; seating
C. included; sat D. included; sitting
_____ from the appearance, it is very peaceful; but in fact, a war will break out soon.
A. Judged B. Judging
C. Having judged D. To judge
_____ the big snake, the little girl stood under the tree _____ out of life.
A. Seeing; frightened B. Seeing; frightening
C. Seen; frightened D. To see; frightening
_____ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain doesn’t seem high at all.
A. When compared B. To compare
C. While comparing D. It compared
_____ in her best suit, the girl tried to make herself _____ at the party.
A. Dressed; noticed B. Dressing; noticing
C. Dressed; noticing D. Dressing; noticed
Once _____ at the shop, you will be dismissed immediately.
A. caught stealing B. caught to steal
C. catching stealing D. to catch to steal
_____ it or not, his discovery has shocked everyone in scientific circles.
A. Believe B. To believe C. Believing D. Believed
Last night I saw Yang Weiwei lying in bed, _____in deep thought.
A. lost B. losing
C. to lose D. being lost
4. with 引导的伴随状语
with + n +动词的三种考点：
doing
with + n done
to do
The boy was standing there with his fingers pointing to the building .
He was standing there , with his eyes fixed on the screen.
With a lot of work to do , I can’t go with you .
With all the students having finished their homework, the teacher let them go .
With their homework having been finished, the teacher let them go.
With all the flights having been cancelled , he decided to go by train.
第三：非谓语动词如何做主语
二 动词如何做主语(注意谓语的确定)
Seeing is believing ( -71678the_polar_express-tlr_m480.mov ).
To see is to believe .
Watching NBA Games is my hobby .
第四：非谓语动词如何做定语
Sleeping beauty
doing : 表示状态 ，用途. a sleeping car
在名词前
polluted air
done :表示 被动，完成.
a newly married couple
a developing country
a developed country
falling leaves
fallen leaves
boiling water
boiled water
I was nearly hit by a _______ . A falling stone B .fallen stone .
I want to take some medicine . Please bring me some ______.
A. boiling water B .boiled water
在名词后做定语
表示主动含义时 doing : 正在
to do : 将要
The plane flying to New York.
The plane to fly to New York .
people to attend the meeting 将要出席会议的人
people attending the meeting 正在出席会议的人
注意:不要漏介词
I need a pen to write with .
I need a piece of paper to write on .
I want to find a person to talk with .
I want to find a restaurant to eat at.
Can you find a place to live. （介词省略）
在名词后做定语表示被动的：
to be done the house to be built
being done the house being built
done the house built
doing (状态，用途)
名词前：
done （被动，完成）
总结: doing （正在）
主动
to do （将要）
名词后:
to be done （将被）
被动 being done （正在被）
done （完成）
第五：非谓语动词如何做表语
To see is to believe .
Seeing is believing .
What I want to do is study abroad .
注意:前边有do ,表语中的to 省略.
还需要注意的用法
There be 句型后面的动词形式.
There be … doing
There be … to do
There be … done
There is someone waiting for you .
There is a lot of work to do .
There are more colleges /teachers needed.
三．真题解析
例1：_______ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.
A. To walk. B. Walking C. Walked D. Having walked
答案：B
【解析】：本题考查非谓语动词。选项B. Walking在这里是现在分词短语用状语，主语he与动词walk之间是主动关系；选项A.To walk目的状语；选项C. Walked表示被动，选项D. Having walked是现在分词的完成式作状语，
例2：_____around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Bird’s Nest for the 2008
Olympic Games.
A. Having shown B. To be shown C. Having been shown D. To show
答案：C
【考点】：考察非谓语动词作状语
【解析】：非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语就是主句的主语。show与We为被动关系，且发
生在主句谓语动词之前，即表完成有表示被动 用having been done。故选C。意思是：我们在被带领着参观了水立方后，又被带去参观为2008年奥运会准备的“鸟巢”
例3： —They are quiet, aren’t they
—Yes. They are accustomed ______ at meals.
A. to talk B. to not talk C. to talking D. to not talking
【答案】D
【解析】题意为：“－他们很安静，是吧？－是的，他们习惯了吃饭时不说话。”根据短语be accustomed to doing的用法，这里”to”是介词 ，不难选择D答案。
例4：–Did the book give the information you needed
–Yes. But _____ it, I had to read the entire book.
A. to find B. find C. to finding D. finding
答案：A
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句子意义是“为了找到信息，我不得不阅读全书”。 目的状语
例5：He got to the station only___the train had gone.
A. and told B. telling C. told D. to be told
答案：D
【解析】 only后接不定式短语，在句子中作结果状语，因tell与主语含有被动关系，因此用不定式的被动式
例6：What worried me most was ___ to take the college entrance examination.
A. his being not allowed B.his mot allowed
C.his not being allowed D. having not allowed
答案：C
【解析】 本题考查动名词的复合结构作表语的用法，以及非谓语动词的否定式和被动式。
动名词的复合结构为：名词所有格或形容词性物主代词+doing。非谓语动词的否定形式为“not+非谓语动词”。
例7：Don’t leave the water ____ while you brush your teeth.
A. run B. running C. being run D. to run
答案：B
【解析】leave +宾语+doing…(表主动)，让…处于某种状态。句意为：你刷牙时别让水一直流淌着。
例8：You can’t imagine what difficulty we had____ home in the snowstorm.
A. walked B. walk C. to walk D. walking
答案： D
【解析】本题考查的是固定短语“have difficulty (in) doing sth”
例9:John received an invitation to dinner,and with his work _____,he gladly accepted it.
A. finished B. finishing C. having finished D. was finished
答案：A
【解析】本题考查with的复合结构，finish和work是被动关系，所以选finished.
句意：John收到一份宴请函，而且他的工作也干完了，他就欣然接受了邀请。
例10:----Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.
----Sorry,With so much work _____my mind, I almost break down.
A. filled B. filling C. to fill D. being filled
答案：B
【解析】本题考查with的复合结构，fill和work是主动关系，所以选finished.
四．练习
A. 最新高考非谓语动词单选真题汇编
B. 在高考改错中考查非谓语动词
A.最新高考单选真题（2005年—2008年）
2008年各省高考题非谓语动词汇编（共24道题）
1.（2008福建22） ______ in the queen for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized be had left the cheque in the car.
A. Waiting B. To wait C. Having Waited D. To have waited
2.（2008福建33）– Can those ____ at the back of the classroom hear me
—No problem.
A. seat B. sit C. seated D. sat
3. (2008陕西卷11)The message is very important, so it is supposed as soon as possible.
A. to be sent B. to send C. being sent D. sending
4. (2008陕西14) around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Bird’s Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games.
A. Having shown B. To be shown C. Having been shown D. To show
5.（2008重庆29） to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead
A. Fail B. Failed C. To fail D. Having failed
6.（2008江苏卷29） --- They are quiet, aren’t they
--- Yes. They are accustomed ____________ at meals.
A. to talk B. to not talk C. to talking D. to not talking
7. （2008江苏34） To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English ___________ as much as we can.
A. speak B. speaking C. spoken D. to speak
8. （2008天津卷4） _____ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.
A. To throw B. Thrown C. Throwing D. Being thrown
9.（2008四川卷14） We had an anxious couple of weeks _____ for the results of the experiment.
A. wait B. to be waiting C. waited D. waiting
10.（2008山东35） Lucy's new job paid twice as much as she had made ______ in the restaurant.
A. working B. work C. to work D. worked
11. （全国卷II 12） The director had her assistant ___ some hot dogs for the meeting.
A. picked up B. picks up C. pick up D. picking up
12. （2008全国卷1 26）I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good______.
A. to be breathed B. to breathe C. breathing D. being breathed
13. (2008辽宁卷27 )He was busy writing a story, only ______ once in a while to smoke a cigarette.
A. to stop B. stopping C. to have slopped D. having stopped
14. (2008辽宁卷31 ) Please remain______; the winner of the prize will be announced soon.
A. seating B. seated C. to seat D. to be seated
15.（2008江西卷28 ）We finished the run in less than half the time ____.
A. allowing B. to allow C. allowed D. allows
16. (2008湖南卷24 ) the website of the Fire Department in your city, and you will learn a lot about firefighting.
A. Having searched B. To search C. Searching D. Search
17. (2008湖南卷26 )The trees ___ in the storm have been moved off the road.
A. being blown down B. blown down C. blowing down D to blow down
18. (2008湖南卷30 )_____the project as plannned, we’ll have to work more hours a day.
A. Completing B. Complete C. Completed D. To complete
19. (2008湖南卷34 ) Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried ____alone, but she didn’t like it and moved back home.
A. living B. to live C. to be living D. having lived
20.（2008北京卷24 ） ______ that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she’d like that little doll on her bed.
A. Seeing B. To see C. See D. Seen
21. （2008北京卷31 ） –Did the book give the information you needed
–Yes. But _____ it, I had to read the entire book.
A. to find B. find C. to finding D. finding
22. （2008北京卷32 ） I feel greatly honored ____ into their society.
A. to welcome B. welcoming C. to be welcomed D. welcomed
23. （2008北京卷35 ）It is worth considering what makes “convenience” foods so popular, and ____ better ones of your own.
A. introduces B. to introduce C. introducing D. introduced
24. （2008安徽卷30 ）_______ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.
A. To walk. B. Walking C. Walked D. Having walked
答案：1-5:CCBDB 6-10:DCCDA 11-15:CBBBC
16-20:DBDAA 21-24:ACCB
2007年各省高考题非谓语动词汇编（共30道题）
1.（07上海34） After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother’s voice ______ him.
A. calling B. called C. being called D. to call
2.（07上海35） There is nothing more I can try ______ you to stay, so I wish you good luck.
A. being persuaded persuading C. to be persuaded D. to persuade
3.（07上海36） The Town Hall ______ in the 1800’s was the most distinguished building at that
time.
A. to be completed B. having been completed
C. completed D. being completed
4.（07福建24）Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English
in a short period.
A. improved B. improving C. to improve D. improve
5.（07福建26 ）—Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.
—Sorry. With so much work my mind, I almost break down.
A. filled B. filling C .to fill D. being filled
6.（07江西24）.When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there for a space flight.
A. training B. being trained C. to have trained D. to be trained
7. （07宁夏24） ---It’s a long time since I saw my sister. ---_____________ her this weekend
A. Why not visit B. why not to visit
C. Why not visiting D. Why don’t visit
8. （07宁夏25）---The last one ______________ pays the meal. ---Agreed!
A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving
9. （07宁夏28）We all know that, __________, the situation will get worse.
A. not if dealt carefully with B. if not carefully dealt with
C. if dealt not carefully with D. not if carefully dealt with
10.（07宁夏29）I smell something __________ in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute
A. burning B. burnt C. being burnt D. to be burnt
11.（07陕西9）As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area
.
A. need repairing B. needs to repair C. needs repairing D. need to repair
12.（07陕西15） that she didn’t do a good job, I don’t think I am abler than her.
A. To have said B. Having said C. To say D. Saying
13.（07北京28）--Excuse me sir, where is Room 301
---Just a minute. I’ll have Bob ____you to your room.
A. show B. shows C. to show D. showing
14．（07北京29）He is a student at Oxford University,____ for a degree in computer science.
A . studied B studying C to have studied D to be studying
15.（07江苏28） –Can I smoke here
--Sorry. We don’t allow ________ here.
A. people smoking B. people smoke C. to smoke D. smoking
16. （07江苏30）He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them ______ in his lectures.
A. interested B. interesting C. interest D. to interest
17. （07江苏35）My parents have always made me ________ about myself, even when I was twelve.
A. feeling well B. feeling good C. feel well D. feel good
18.（07辽宁29） The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported ______ the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race.
A. breaking B. having broken C. to have broken D. break
19. （07辽宁34）You can't imagine what difficulty we had ______ home in the snowstorm.
A. walked B. walk C. to walk D. walking
20．（07四川26）Peter received a letter just now ________ his grandma would come to see him soon.
A．said B．says C．saying D．to say
21. （07四川35）The flowers his friend gave him will die unless ________ every day.
A. watered B. watering C. water D. to water
22. （07天津6）The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, ________ in the natural light during the day.
A. to let B. letting C. let D. having let
23.（07浙江9） The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ______.
A. to be heard B. to have heard C. hearing D. being heard
24. （07浙江20）______ by a greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more green houses.
A. Driven B. Being driven C. To drive D. Having driven
25. （07重庆28）Leonardo da Vinci (1452 - 1519) ________ birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free.
A. is said to be buying B. is said to have bought
C . had said to buy D. has said to have bought
26. （07上海33）All the staff in our company are considering to the city centre for the fashion show.
A. to go B. going C. to have gone D. having gone
27.（07上海38 ） the safety of gas, the government has checked the city’s gas supply system thoroughly.
A. To ensure B. Ensuring C. Having ensured D. To have ensured
28. （07上海39 ）She wants her paintings in the gallery, but we don t think they would be very popular.
A. display B. to display C. displaying D. displayed
29. （07上海42）If your race car isn’t insured, you may losing everything when it hits something solid.
A. delay B. deny C. avoid D. risk
2007 （山东卷）
30．（07山东26）Please remain--------- until the plane has come to a complete stop.
A．to seal B．to be seated C．seating D．seated
答案：1-5:ADCAB 6-10：DADBA 11-15：ABABD
16-20:ADCDC 21-25:ABAAB 26-30: BADDD
2006年各省高考题非谓语动词汇编
1. (06全国II , 17) We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, ____that all children like these things .
A. thinking B .think C .to think D .thought
2. (06全国II , 32) ______and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize .
A. surprising B .surprised C .being surprised D. to be surprising
3 .(06 重庆,26 ) Isn’t it time you got down to ____the papers
A. mark B .be marked C. being marked D. marking
4. (06 广东,29) No matter how frequently____, the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world.
A. performed B .performing C .to be performed D .being performed
5. (06 广东,30)_____this cake, you ‘ll need 2 eggs, 175g sugar and 175g flour.
A. having made B. Make C .To make D. Making
6. (06 湖南,28 )If you think that treating a woman well means always _____her permission for things , think again .
A. gets B. got C. to get D. getting
7.( 06四川,26) The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games ____in Beijing in 2008 .
A. hold B. holding C. held D .to be held
8.(06四川,33) ___with so much trouble , we failed to complete the task on time.
A. Faced B. Face C .Facing D .To face
9. (06湖北,33)AIDS is said ____the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years .
A .that it is B .to be C .that it has been D .to have been .
10. (06安徽21) My cousin came to see me from the country ,____me a full basket of fresh fruits .
A. brought B. bringing C. to bring D .had brought
11.(06江苏 30) Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly , always ____the same thing .
A. saying B .said C .to say D. having said
12. (06江苏32)----There is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man .
-----My goodness ! I can’t imagine _____that old .
A. to be B .to have been C. being D.having been
13. (06陕西 13) It is difficult to imagine his ____the decision without any consideration .
A. accept B .accepting C .to accept D .accepted
14. (06陕西17) Faced with a bill for $10,000,____.
A .John has taken an extra job B. the boss has given John an extra job
C .an extra job has been taken D .an extra job has been given to John.
15. (06陕西18)He hurried to the booking office only ____that all the tickets had been sold out .
A． to tell B .to be told C .telling D .told
16. (06山东 33) Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to ____since the flood hit the area last Friday .
A .have been missing B .have got lost
C .Be missing D .get lost
17. (06全国III ) It is no _______ arguing with Bill because he will never change his mind.
A. use B . help C. time D. way
18. (06北京)I can’t stand with Jane in the same office. She just refuses talking while she works.
A. working; stopping B. to work; stopping
C. working; to stop D . to work; to stop
19 .(06湖北 )Don’t sit there e and help me with this table.
A. do B. to do C. doing D. and doing
20. (06湖南 )The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket______ the desert.
A. covering B. covered C. cover D: to cover
答案：1-5 :ABDAC 6-10:DDADB 11-15: ACBAB
16-20:AACCA
2005年各省高考题非谓语动词汇编
1.（05年春季） with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice.
A. To face B. Having faced C. Faced D. Facing
2. （05重庆）Daddy didn't mind what we were doing, as long as we were together, ____fun.
A. had B. have C. to have D. having
3. （05重庆）— What should I do with this passage
—_____ the main idea of each paragraph.
A. Finding out B. Found out C. Find out D. To find out
4．（05福建）—Can the project be finished as planned
—Sure, it completed in time, we’ll work two more hours a day.
A．having got B．to get C．getting D．get
5．（05福建）When help, one often says “Thank you.” or “It’s kind of you.”
A．offering B．to offer C．to be offered D．offered
6.（05全国）_______from other continents for minions of years，Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world．
A．Being separated B．Having separated
C．Having been separated D．To be separated
7.（05江苏）--- Is Bob still performing
---- I'm afraid not. He is said________ the stage already as he has become an official
A. to have left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to be left
8.（05江苏）________ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police
A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing
答案：1-5：CDCBD 6-8：CAB
B.高考改错中考查非谓语动词汇编（2005年—2008年）
1.(08安徽)We decided ^ stop at a village market to buy something to eat 78 _ to
2.(08安徽)“Let’s got some more,” I said. 81 get
3.(08辽宁) We all enjoyed this precious day greatly .remember the time we spent
together 81. remembering
4.( 08宁夏) Looking forward to hear from you soon . hearing
5.(08全国II) If I have the honor to be chose to work for the 29th Olympic Gaines
76. chosen
6.(08全国II) In short, I will do my best to help making the Games a success.
85.make
7.(08全国I) I’d like to staying there for half a month 79.stay
8.(07福建)Though I had difficulty walk back to my classroom, 79. walking
9.(07陕西) I really enjoy study because I’m growing old and know what I want it.
84. studying
10.(07重庆) Even the heavy rain in the morning could not prevent us go, 76.going
11.(07) We could hear the sound of the rain and our footsteps mixing with our laughter.
80.mixed
12.(07四川) he saw the animal waiting at the door, still wore his jacket with
the wallet in the pocket. 85.wearing
13.(06全国III) The air keeps the balloon up was escaping quickly and the balloon was
coming up. 78.keeping
14.(06全国III) The crowd waiting for to greet them in England was very
surprised ^see this when the balloon landed in front of them. 85. to
15.(06江西) I'm looking forward to hear from you soon. 84. hearing
16.(06四川) When our six children were young，suppertime is always
being imterrupted by meighborhood children ring the bell. 77.ringing
17.(06重庆)After autumn arrives,the city looks as an old man
with leaves fallen from the trees. 81.falling
18.(06天津) . I just want to thank you for helping me becoming a different person.
65. become
19.(05辽宁) I still remember going there early and felt anxious about the new world.
79. feeling
20.(05山东) We’re busy prepare for our trips. Please excuse us 84._preparing_
For not ∧able to say goodbye to you. 85.__being__
21.(05福建) I am looking forward to see all of you again in the near future! 85. seeing
22.(05湖北) Since long ago, many adults and children called their friends together to spend hours, even days play games. 79.playing
23.(05湖北)In other words, they help to keep people strong and feel good. 81.feeling
24.(05湖北) Having fun with their friends make them happy. 83.makes
25.(05江苏) . He would also catch the food throwing to him from the other side
of the room and sing happily. 82.thrown
26.(05江西) I found a small house standing in a field with a light
shone from the sitting room . 82.shining
27.(05浙江) I found the game excited, 83. __exciting_
28.(05安徽) In 1907, a Silver Ghost broke the world’s record by drive 14,371 miles
without breaking down once. 82.driving
1、 考点聚焦
1. 非谓语如何作状语
2. 非谓语如何作定语
3. 非谓语如何作主语
4. 非谓语如何作表语
二：非谓语动词如何做状语
做状语的5种形式及用法区别
分词作状语的特例
状语从句的省略
with引导的伴随状语
1. 做状语的基本形式及用法区别
to do
doing
done
having done
having been done
表目的---to do
To rob the bank ,the robber bought a pair of long stockings.
To save her father , she stayed in the castle .
She stayed in the castle to save her father .
To learn English ,we’ve come to the New Oriental School.
主动关系---doing
The robber rushed into the bank , holding a hammer in his hand.
When I was young , I’d listen to the radio ,waiting for my favorite songs.
You hurt me , passing by with a smile.
总结：当逻辑主语和做状语的动词为主动关系的时候，用doing
被动关系---done
Seen from the monitor ,the robber was extremely strong .
Seen at the first glance, she looks beautiful .
总结：当逻辑主语和做状语的动词为被动关系的时候，用done
主动+ 完成--having done
Having robbed the bank , the robber ran away immediately.
Having finished the homework , the students left the classroom.
总结：做状语的动词发生在主句动词之前，依然是主动关系 用having done .
被动+完成--having been done
Having been arrested by the police, the robber regretted about it.
Having been lost by his mother , the poor boy became a beggar.
Having been refused for n times , he lost heart.
总结：表示被动，还发生在主句动词之前，用having been done.
单选真题：
(05全国卷I、II 第32题)
The storm left , a lot of damage to this area
A．caused B．to have caused C．to cause D．having caused
(05全国卷III 第20题)
“You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted, __________ away.
A．run B．running C．to run D．ran
(05福建卷第29题)
—Can the project be finished as planned
—Sure, it completed in time, we’ll work two more hours a day.
A．having got B.to get C．Getting D．get
(05广东卷第24题)
He glanced over at her, ______ that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together.
A. noting B. noted C. to note D. having noted
（05湖北卷第26题）
_____from other continents for millions of years ,Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.
A．Being separated B．Having separated
C．Having been separated D．To be separated
2. 分词作状语的特殊形式（不受上下文的影响）
generally / honestly / frankly speaking
judging from / by
assuming
considering
providing
saying / reading
given
compared with / to
dressed
faced with
to tell you the truth
believe it or not
,let alone
including A
A included
smell / taste / sound / look /----…起来,只能用doing做状语
当表示心情的ed结尾的词做状语,不理解成被动,应理解为感到….
excited / surprised / astonished / amazed
frightened / disappointed embarrassed / interested
例句：
Judging from his appearance ,he is a teacher.
Judging from his appearance , he is a doctor.
Having been seated , they began the meeting .
Having suffered from the illness for many years，he looks weak.
Dressed in an evening dress , she went to the party .
Interested in English ,I came to oriental school.
Smelling delicious , the cake is very popular .
Disappointed at the result of the exam , he tore the paters into pieces .
They are starving , let alone buy themselves fine clothes.
Lost in thought , Newton put his watch in the pot .
I saw a sign , reading “no parking”.
A note /message, saying …
Faced with danger , he is not afraid .
There are 20 students in my class , including 5 Chinese boys.
5 Chinese boys included.
The letter says/reads that…
3.状语从句的省略
While I was walking past the park , I saw Patrick there .
While( I was )walking past the park, I saw Patrick there .
状语从句连词直接加doing/done.的结构.
while/when / if / unless / though + doing / done .
考查点：1) 省略的条件,主语必须一致
2) 省略后的动词形式
When heated , water becomes vapour .
When ______(ask) about her age , she never answers.
A . asked B . asking
单选真题：
(05福建卷第33题)
When help, one often says “Thank you.” or “It’s kind of you.”
A．offering B．to offer C．to be offered D．offered
_____ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.
A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed
（05湖南卷 第22题）
The great hall was crowded with many people, _____ many children _____on their parents’ laps.
A. including; seated B. including; seating
C. included; sat D. included; sitting
_____ from the appearance, it is very peaceful; but in fact, a war will break out soon.
A. Judged B. Judging
C. Having judged D. To judge
_____ the big snake, the little girl stood under the tree _____ out of life.
A. Seeing; frightened B. Seeing; frightening
C. Seen; frightened D. To see; frightening
_____ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain doesn’t seem high at all.
A. When compared B. To compare
C. While comparing D. It compared
_____ in her best suit, the girl tried to make herself _____ at the party.
A. Dressed; noticed B. Dressing; noticing
C. Dressed; noticing D. Dressing; noticed
Once _____ at the shop, you will be dismissed immediately.
A. caught stealing B. caught to steal
C. catching stealing D. to catch to steal
_____ it or not, his discovery has shocked everyone in scientific circles.
A. Believe B. To believe C. Believing D. Believed
Last night I saw Yang Weiwei lying in bed, _____in deep thought.
A. lost B. losing
C. to lose D. being lost
4. with 引导的伴随状语
with + n +动词的三种考点：
doing
with + n done
to do
The boy was standing there with his fingers pointing to the building .
He was standing there , with his eyes fixed on the screen.
With a lot of work to do , I can’t go with you .
With all the students having finished their homework, the teacher let them go .
With their homework having been finished, the teacher let them go.
With all the flights having been cancelled , he decided to go by train.
第三：非谓语动词如何做主语
二 动词如何做主语(注意谓语的确定)
Seeing is believing ( -71678the_polar_express-tlr_m480.mov ).
To see is to believe .
Watching NBA Games is my hobby .
第四：非谓语动词如何做定语
Sleeping beauty
doing : 表示状态 ，用途. a sleeping car
在名词前
polluted air
done :表示 被动，完成.
a newly married couple
a developing country
a developed country
falling leaves
fallen leaves
boiling water
boiled water
I was nearly hit by a _______ . A falling stone B .fallen stone .
I want to take some medicine . Please bring me some ______.
A. boiling water B .boiled water
在名词后做定语
表示主动含义时 doing : 正在
to do : 将要
The plane flying to New York.
The plane to fly to New York .
people to attend the meeting 将要出席会议的人
people attending the meeting 正在出席会议的人
注意:不要漏介词
I need a pen to write with .
I need a piece of paper to write on .
I want to find a person to talk with .
I want to find a restaurant to eat at.
Can you find a place to live. （介词省略）
在名词后做定语表示被动的：
to be done the house to be built
being done the house being built
done the house built
doing (状态，用途)
名词前：
done （被动，完成）
总结: doing （正在）
主动
to do （将要）
名词后:
to be done （将被）
被动 being done （正在被）
done （完成）
第五：非谓语动词如何做表语
To see is to believe .
Seeing is believing .
What I want to do is study abroad .
注意:前边有do ,表语中的to 省略.
还需要注意的用法
There be 句型后面的动词形式.
There be … doing
There be … to do
There be … done
There is someone waiting for you .
There is a lot of work to do .
There are more colleges /teachers needed.
三．真题解析
例1：_______ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.
A. To walk. B. Walking C. Walked D. Having walked
答案：B
【解析】：本题考查非谓语动词。选项B. Walking在这里是现在分词短语用状语，主语he与动词walk之间是主动关系；选项A.To walk目的状语；选项C. Walked表示被动，选项D. Having walked是现在分词的完成式作状语，
例2：_____around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Bird’s Nest for the 2008
Olympic Games.
A. Having shown B. To be shown C. Having been shown D. To show
答案：C
【考点】：考察非谓语动词作状语
【解析】：非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语就是主句的主语。show与We为被动关系，且发
生在主句谓语动词之前，即表完成有表示被动 用having been done。故选C。意思是：我们在被带领着参观了水立方后，又被带去参观为2008年奥运会准备的“鸟巢”
例3： —They are quiet, aren’t they
—Yes. They are accustomed ______ at meals.
A. to talk B. to not talk C. to talking D. to not talking
【答案】D
【解析】题意为：“－他们很安静，是吧？－是的，他们习惯了吃饭时不说话。”根据短语be accustomed to doing的用法，这里”to”是介词 ，不难选择D答案。
例4：–Did the book give the information you needed
–Yes. But _____ it, I had to read the entire book.
A. to find B. find C. to finding D. finding
答案：A
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句子意义是“为了找到信息，我不得不阅读全书”。 目的状语
例5：He got to the station only___the train had gone.
A. and told B. telling C. told D. to be told
答案：D
【解析】 only后接不定式短语，在句子中作结果状语，因tell与主语含有被动关系，因此用不定式的被动式
例6：What worried me most was ___ to take the college entrance examination.
A. his being not allowed B.his mot allowed
C.his not being allowed D. having not allowed
答案：C
【解析】 本题考查动名词的复合结构作表语的用法，以及非谓语动词的否定式和被动式。
动名词的复合结构为：名词所有格或形容词性物主代词+doing。非谓语动词的否定形式为“not+非谓语动词”。
例7：Don’t leave the water ____ while you brush your teeth.
A. run B. running C. being run D. to run
答案：B
【解析】leave +宾语+doing…(表主动)，让…处于某种状态。句意为：你刷牙时别让水一直流淌着。
例8：You can’t imagine what difficulty we had____ home in the snowstorm.
A. walked B. walk C. to walk D. walking
答案： D
【解析】本题考查的是固定短语“have difficulty (in) doing sth”
例9:John received an invitation to dinner,and with his work _____,he gladly accepted it.
A. finished B. finishing C. having finished D. was finished
答案：A
【解析】本题考查with的复合结构，finish和work是被动关系，所以选finished.
句意：John收到一份宴请函，而且他的工作也干完了，他就欣然接受了邀请。
例10:----Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.
----Sorry,With so much work _____my mind, I almost break down.
A. filled B. filling C. to fill D. being filled
答案：B
【解析】本题考查with的复合结构，fill和work是主动关系，所以选finished.
四．练习
A. 最新高考非谓语动词单选真题汇编
B. 在高考改错中考查非谓语动词
A.最新高考单选真题（2005年—2008年）
2008年各省高考题非谓语动词汇编（共24道题）
1.（2008福建22） ______ in the queen for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized be had left the cheque in the car.
A. Waiting B. To wait C. Having Waited D. To have waited
2.（2008福建33）– Can those ____ at the back of the classroom hear me
—No problem.
A. seat B. sit C. seated D. sat
3. (2008陕西卷11)The message is very important, so it is supposed as soon as possible.
A. to be sent B. to send C. being sent D. sending
4. (2008陕西14) around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Bird’s Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games.
A. Having shown B. To be shown C. Having been shown D. To show
5.（2008重庆29） to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead
A. Fail B. Failed C. To fail D. Having failed
6.（2008江苏卷29） --- They are quiet, aren’t they
--- Yes. They are accustomed ____________ at meals.
A. to talk B. to not talk C. to talking D. to not talking
7. （2008江苏34） To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English ___________ as much as we can.
A. speak B. speaking C. spoken D. to speak
8. （2008天津卷4） _____ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.
A. To throw B. Thrown C. Throwing D. Being thrown
9.（2008四川卷14） We had an anxious couple of weeks _____ for the results of the experiment.
A. wait B. to be waiting C. waited D. waiting
10.（2008山东35） Lucy's new job paid twice as much as she had made ______ in the restaurant.
A. working B. work C. to work D. worked
11. （全国卷II 12） The director had her assistant ___ some hot dogs for the meeting.
A. picked up B. picks up C. pick up D. picking up
12. （2008全国卷1 26）I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good______.
A. to be breathed B. to breathe C. breathing D. being breathed
13. (2008辽宁卷27 )He was busy writing a story, only ______ once in a while to smoke a cigarette.
A. to stop B. stopping C. to have slopped D. having stopped
14. (2008辽宁卷31 ) Please remain______; the winner of the prize will be announced soon.
A. seating B. seated C. to seat D. to be seated
15.（2008江西卷28 ）We finished the run in less than half the time ____.
A. allowing B. to allow C. allowed D. allows
16. (2008湖南卷24 ) the website of the Fire Department in your city, and you will learn a lot about firefighting.
A. Having searched B. To search C. Searching D. Search
17. (2008湖南卷26 )The trees ___ in the storm have been moved off the road.
A. being blown down B. blown down C. blowing down D to blow down
18. (2008湖南卷30 )_____the project as plannned, we’ll have to work more hours a day.
A. Completing B. Complete C. Completed D. To complete
19. (2008湖南卷34 ) Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried ____alone, but she didn’t like it and moved back home.
A. living B. to live C. to be living D. having lived
20.（2008北京卷24 ） ______ that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she’d like that little doll on her bed.
A. Seeing B. To see C. See D. Seen
21. （2008北京卷31 ） –Did the book give the information you needed
–Yes. But _____ it, I had to read the entire book.
A. to find B. find C. to finding D. finding
22. （2008北京卷32 ） I feel greatly honored ____ into their society.
A. to welcome B. welcoming C. to be welcomed D. welcomed
23. （2008北京卷35 ）It is worth considering what makes “convenience” foods so popular, and ____ better ones of your own.
A. introduces B. to introduce C. introducing D. introduced
24. （2008安徽卷30 ）_______ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.
A. To walk. B. Walking C. Walked D. Having walked
答案：1-5:CCBDB 6-10:DCCDA 11-15:CBBBC
16-20:DBDAA 21-24:ACCB
2007年各省高考题非谓语动词汇编（共30道题）
1.（07上海34） After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother’s voice ______ him.
A. calling B. called C. being called D. to call
2.（07上海35） There is nothing more I can try ______ you to stay, so I wish you good luck.
A. being persuaded persuading C. to be persuaded D. to persuade
3.（07上海36） The Town Hall ______ in the 1800’s was the most distinguished building at that
time.
A. to be completed B. having been completed
C. completed D. being completed
4.（07福建24）Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English
in a short period.
A. improved B. improving C. to improve D. improve
5.（07福建26 ）—Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.
—Sorry. With so much work my mind, I almost break down.
A. filled B. filling C .to fill D. being filled
6.（07江西24）.When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there for a space flight.
A. training B. being trained C. to have trained D. to be trained
7. （07宁夏24） ---It’s a long time since I saw my sister. ---_____________ her this weekend
A. Why not visit B. why not to visit
C. Why not visiting D. Why don’t visit
8. （07宁夏25）---The last one ______________ pays the meal. ---Agreed!
A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving
9. （07宁夏28）We all know that, __________, the situation will get worse.
A. not if dealt carefully with B. if not carefully dealt with
C. if dealt not carefully with D. not if carefully dealt with
10.（07宁夏29）I smell something __________ in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute
A. burning B. burnt C. being burnt D. to be burnt
11.（07陕西9）As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area
.
A. need repairing B. needs to repair C. needs repairing D. need to repair
12.（07陕西15） that she didn’t do a good job, I don’t think I am abler than her.
A. To have said B. Having said C. To say D. Saying
13.（07北京28）--Excuse me sir, where is Room 301
---Just a minute. I’ll have Bob ____you to your room.
A. show B. shows C. to show D. showing
14．（07北京29）He is a student at Oxford University,____ for a degree in computer science.
A . studied B studying C to have studied D to be studying
15.（07江苏28） –Can I smoke here
--Sorry. We don’t allow ________ here.
A. people smoking B. people smoke C. to smoke D. smoking
16. （07江苏30）He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them ______ in his lectures.
A. interested B. interesting C. interest D. to interest
17. （07江苏35）My parents have always made me ________ about myself, even when I was twelve.
A. feeling well B. feeling good C. feel well D. feel good
18.（07辽宁29） The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported ______ the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race.
A. breaking B. having broken C. to have broken D. break
19. （07辽宁34）You can't imagine what difficulty we had ______ home in the snowstorm.
A. walked B. walk C. to walk D. walking
20．（07四川26）Peter received a letter just now ________ his grandma would come to see him soon.
A．said B．says C．saying D．to say
21. （07四川35）The flowers his friend gave him will die unless ________ every day.
A. watered B. watering C. water D. to water
22. （07天津6）The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, ________ in the natural light during the day.
A. to let B. letting C. let D. having let
23.（07浙江9） The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ______.
A. to be heard B. to have heard C. hearing D. being heard
24. （07浙江20）______ by a greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more green houses.
A. Driven B. Being driven C. To drive D. Having driven
25. （07重庆28）Leonardo da Vinci (1452 - 1519) ________ birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free.
A. is said to be buying B. is said to have bought
C . had said to buy D. has said to have bought
26. （07上海33）All the staff in our company are considering to the city centre for the fashion show.
A. to go B. going C. to have gone D. having gone
27.（07上海38 ） the safety of gas, the government has checked the city’s gas supply system thoroughly.
A. To ensure B. Ensuring C. Having ensured D. To have ensured
28. （07上海39 ）She wants her paintings in the gallery, but we don t think they would be very popular.
A. display B. to display C. displaying D. displayed
29. （07上海42）If your race car isn’t insured, you may losing everything when it hits something solid.
A. delay B. deny C. avoid D. risk
2007 （山东卷）
30．（07山东26）Please remain--------- until the plane has come to a complete stop.
A．to seal B．to be seated C．seating D．seated
答案：1-5:ADCAB 6-10：DADBA 11-15：ABABD
16-20:ADCDC 21-25:ABAAB 26-30: BADDD
2006年各省高考题非谓语动词汇编
1. (06全国II , 17) We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, ____that all children like these things .
A. thinking B .think C .to think D .thought
2. (06全国II , 32) ______and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize .
A. surprising B .surprised C .being surprised D. to be surprising
3 .(06 重庆,26 ) Isn’t it time you got down to ____the papers
A. mark B .be marked C. being marked D. marking
4. (06 广东,29) No matter how frequently____, the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world.
A. performed B .performing C .to be performed D .being performed
5. (06 广东,30)_____this cake, you ‘ll need 2 eggs, 175g sugar and 175g flour.
A. having made B. Make C .To make D. Making
6. (06 湖南,28 )If you think that treating a woman well means always _____her permission for things , think again .
A. gets B. got C. to get D. getting
7.( 06四川,26) The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games ____in Beijing in 2008 .
A. hold B. holding C. held D .to be held
8.(06四川,33) ___with so much trouble , we failed to complete the task on time.
A. Faced B. Face C .Facing D .To face
9. (06湖北,33)AIDS is said ____the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years .
A .that it is B .to be C .that it has been D .to have been .
10. (06安徽21) My cousin came to see me from the country ,____me a full basket of fresh fruits .
A. brought B. bringing C. to bring D .had brought
11.(06江苏 30) Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly , always ____the same thing .
A. saying B .said C .to say D. having said
12. (06江苏32)----There is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man .
-----My goodness ! I can’t imagine _____that old .
A. to be B .to have been C. being D.having been
13. (06陕西 13) It is difficult to imagine his ____the decision without any consideration .
A. accept B .accepting C .to accept D .accepted
14. (06陕西17) Faced with a bill for $10,000,____.
A .John has taken an extra job B. the boss has given John an extra job
C .an extra job has been taken D .an extra job has been given to John.
15. (06陕西18)He hurried to the booking office only ____that all the tickets had been sold out .
A． to tell B .to be told C .telling D .told
16. (06山东 33) Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to ____since the flood hit the area last Friday .
A .have been missing B .have got lost
C .Be missing D .get lost
17. (06全国III ) It is no _______ arguing with Bill because he will never change his mind.
A. use B . help C. time D. way
18. (06北京)I can’t stand with Jane in the same office. She just refuses talking while she works.
A. working; stopping B. to work; stopping
C. working; to stop D . to work; to stop
19 .(06湖北 )Don’t sit there e and help me with this table.
A. do B. to do C. doing D. and doing
20. (06湖南 )The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket______ the desert.
A. covering B. covered C. cover D: to cover
答案：1-5 :ABDAC 6-10:DDADB 11-15: ACBAB
16-20:AACCA
2005年各省高考题非谓语动词汇编
1.（05年春季） with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice.
A. To face B. Having faced C. Faced D. Facing
2. （05重庆）Daddy didn't mind what we were doing, as long as we were together, ____fun.
A. had B. have C. to have D. having
3. （05重庆）— What should I do with this passage
—_____ the main idea of each paragraph.
A. Finding out B. Found out C. Find out D. To find out
4．（05福建）—Can the project be finished as planned
—Sure, it completed in time, we’ll work two more hours a day.
A．having got B．to get C．getting D．get
5．（05福建）When help, one often says “Thank you.” or “It’s kind of you.”
A．offering B．to offer C．to be offered D．offered
6.（05全国）_______from other continents for minions of years，Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world．
A．Being separated B．Having separated
C．Having been separated D．To be separated
7.（05江苏）--- Is Bob still performing
---- I'm afraid not. He is said________ the stage already as he has become an official
A. to have left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to be left
8.（05江苏）________ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police
A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing
答案：1-5：CDCBD 6-8：CAB
B.高考改错中考查非谓语动词汇编（2005年—2008年）
1.(08安徽)We decided ^ stop at a village market to buy something to eat 78 _ to
2.(08安徽)“Let’s got some more,” I said. 81 get
3.(08辽宁) We all enjoyed this precious day greatly .remember the time we spent
together 81. remembering
4.( 08宁夏) Looking forward to hear from you soon . hearing
5.(08全国II) If I have the honor to be chose to work for the 29th Olympic Gaines
76. chosen
6.(08全国II) In short, I will do my best to help making the Games a success.
85.make
7.(08全国I) I’d like to staying there for half a month 79.stay
8.(07福建)Though I had difficulty walk back to my classroom, 79. walking
9.(07陕西) I really enjoy study because I’m growing old and know what I want it.
84. studying
10.(07重庆) Even the heavy rain in the morning could not prevent us go, 76.going
11.(07) We could hear the sound of the rain and our footsteps mixing with our laughter.
80.mixed
12.(07四川) he saw the animal waiting at the door, still wore his jacket with
the wallet in the pocket. 85.wearing
13.(06全国III) The air keeps the balloon up was escaping quickly and the balloon was
coming up. 78.keeping
14.(06全国III) The crowd waiting for to greet them in England was very
surprised ^see this when the balloon landed in front of them. 85. to
15.(06江西) I'm looking forward to hear from you soon. 84. hearing
16.(06四川) When our six children were young，suppertime is always
being imterrupted by meighborhood children ring the bell. 77.ringing
17.(06重庆)After autumn arrives,the city looks as an old man
with leaves fallen from the trees. 81.falling
18.(06天津) . I just want to thank you for helping me becoming a different person.
65. become
19.(05辽宁) I still remember going there early and felt anxious about the new world.
79. feeling
20.(05山东) We’re busy prepare for our trips. Please excuse us 84._preparing_
For not ∧able to say goodbye to you. 85.__being__
21.(05福建) I am looking forward to see all of you again in the near future! 85. seeing
22.(05湖北) Since long ago, many adults and children called their friends together to spend hours, even days play games. 79.playing
23.(05湖北)In other words, they help to keep people strong and feel good. 81.feeling
24.(05湖北) Having fun with their friends make them happy. 83.makes
25.(05江苏) . He would also catch the food throwing to him from the other side
of the room and sing happily. 82.thrown
26.(05江西) I found a small house standing in a field with a light
shone from the sitting room . 82.shining
27.(05浙江) I found the game excited, 83. __exciting_
28.(05安徽) In 1907, a Silver Ghost broke the world’s record by drive 14,371 miles
without breaking down once. 82.driving