课件61张PPT。1从2008年初中英语学业考试看
2009年复习思路 绍兴市教育教学研究院 周智忠2一、对2008年学业评价试卷的回顾(一)试题特点
1、考查全面。
2、题量适中。
3、难度适中。(但两极分化现象依然严重)试题难度比率3 456 (二)试题总体评价
1、题型稳中有变,具有较好的延续性,试卷结构合理
2008年学业评价考试英语试题在继续保持较好稳定性和连续性的基础上做了适当的调整。去掉了单词拼写和词语填空两个题型,增加了词汇运用题。阅读理解分值由原来的25分增加到30分;同时,书面表达的分值得也增加了5分,题数有原来的一题增加到二题。但试卷总体格式保持相对稳定。试题各部分占分比例与课标、教材的知识结构协调,体现了新课程的理念和对英语教学的导向。
7 2、立足基础,注重交际,体现语用,难度和区分度得当
试题注重考查学生在一定语境下对语言基础知识的掌握情况和综合运用英语的能力。语言基础知识的考查重点突出、覆盖面广;试题情景设置合理,避免了纯知识性的死记硬背题;词汇和语法的测试充分注意了语言的真实性、趣味性和实践性;把对语言知识的考查中心放到了根据上下文中和一定的语境中,通过设置不同的语境,使语法富有积极、现实的意义,体现出语言的交际功能,突出语言形式向语言意义的转化,注重考查学生对英语意义的领悟。试卷的区分度好,难度控制得当,试卷中基础题占很大比例,绝大部分考生能顺利通过考试;同时,在确保基础的前提下,对学生在一定语境中运用英语提取信息,通过分析、判断、推理和归纳综合运用英语的能力提出了一定的要求。 8 3、突出语篇,强调运用,关注综合运用英语的能力
与往年不同的是今年的试卷在语篇考查上不但增加了分值,而且也增加了篇幅,阅读由原来的3篇增加到了4篇。试题共选用了7个阅读文本以及多个听力理解的对话和语篇。语篇内容具有鲜明的时代气息;题材、体裁呈多元化趋势,语篇包括人物故事、体育新闻、广告、社会生活等鲜活的与人们日常生活息息相关的题材;在测试的重点上认真贯彻课标所提出的“初步运用英语”的基本精神,注重设计一些与学生生活实际密切联系的试题,侧重对语篇的信息获取,关注对事件的推理、判断、概括和综合分析以及从整体上领悟文章大意、作者意图的能力测试,较好地体现了对学生运用所学基础知识和相关能力分析问题和解决问题的能力考查。 9 4、贴近生活,时代感强,突出了人文精神。
语言是交际的工具,是人文性与工具性的统一。本套试卷选择和创设与学生生活实际发展状况相符合的语言素材和情景,有强烈的时代感,突现了人文精神。无论是阅读理解B篇儿子带生病的母亲读书的故事,还是词汇运用中有关在地震中为救学生而牺牲的好老师谭千秋的故事都给人心灵的激荡而启迪。试卷全面考察了学生的综合语言运用能力,尤其是用英语做事情,完成任务的能力 10(三)分项评价
1、听力理解
听力录音材料的长度,话题及试题设计等均符合考试说明的要求。试题的难易程度符合学生的实际水平;考查内容尽量覆盖学生在初中阶段所学的交际项目,在题型的编排上尽可能做到循序渐进,由易到难。试题不但考查学生获取如时间、地点、方式等事实性的具体信息的能力,还考查学生对说话的背景、说话者之间的关系等的简单推理能力,如:
10. How did the man feel when he heard the woman’s words?
A. Interested. B. Surprised. C. Worried. 112、单项选择题
单项选择题共15道小题,考查的知识覆盖面较广,着重从以下几个方面考查考生的英语水平:(1)基础语法知识;(2)语法知识的运用能力;(3)词组的搭配和习惯用法;(4)对词义的正确理解。本大题题干简洁却能创设一个个较为完整的语言环境,较好地考查了学生在语境中运用语言知识的能力,如:
18. --- Oh, dear. We have _____ food left. What should we do?
--- Don’t worry. I’ll go and buy some.
A. a few B. a little C. few D. little
22. --- You mean this CD _____ belong to Victor?
--- Yes, it has his name on it.
A. must B. may C. might D. can 12 3、完形填空
完形填空所使用的文章以对话为主要结构,语言地道,行文流畅,具有浓厚的生活气息,而且立意高尚,表达了学生之间那种无私、博大的关爱之情。整篇文章长度适中,共计259字(不含选项单词)。文章留空比较均衡,考点设置比较合理,其中动词4个、形容词3个、名词2个、副词2个、连词2个、介词代词个1个。主要以考查实词为主,15个题目大部分要根据上下文才能做出判断,较好地考查了学生在语境中运用语言知识的能力。
从阅卷结果来看,学生的错误主要集中在需要通过上下文联系来找到线索的题目上,这提醒我们在教学中要从培养学生的语篇理解能力入手,在选择和编制完形填空练习材料时要注重考虑语义和上下文而不要过多地考虑纯语法的题目。 134、阅读理解
今年阅读理解题在题目数量不变的前提下增加了1篇文章,共有4篇阅读文章,而且分值也增加了5分,目的是为了突出篇章的重要性。阅读A篇是一个广告;B篇是一个人物故事;C篇是有关奥运火炬传递的体育新闻;D篇是有关素食主义者的说明文。从选材上看,所选内容现代气息浓,语言文化色彩丰富,话题覆盖面广,人文味道足。
同以往一样,阅读理解题目大部分还是事实和细节题,但与去年相比,今年适当增加了推理判断题、主旨大意题、作者意图题和词义猜测题,但绝大部分考生都能从文中找出正确答案。 145、词汇运用
这是今年新增加的题目,要求考生在一篇210字左右的短文中,根据所给的中文意思并结合文章内容写出单词的正确形式。题目中要求学生拼写的单词包括形容词3个,动词2个,量词、名词、代词、副词和介词各1个。所有词汇都为课标中要求学生完全掌握的四会词汇,其中要求有变化有5个。
阅卷结果抽样显示,学生在该题上的平均分为7.25分,总体情况较好,但还存在一定问题,如:有些简单的单词学生都不会写,缺乏扎实的基本功;更多的学生则缺乏在句子中运用单词的能力,没有良好的应变能力。 156、任务型阅读
今年的任务型阅读要求学生根据所给的人物信息为不同的五个人选择不同的物品。题目属于较简单的信息搭配题,学生不会感到陌生。从抽样学生的答题结果看,平均分为4.31分,说明该题切合了绝大多数学生的知识水平。但由于该题的语言相对比较地道,语句有一定的复杂性,加上保留了一定量的生词,因此还是给一部分学生的任务解决带来了一些影响。 167、书面表达
今年的书面表达与往年相比,一是增加了分值,二是由原来的一题增加到了二题,分别为根据要求完成短文和半开放性的作文。阅卷结果显示,第一题学生的平均分为4.32分,第二部分的平均分为10.36分。以上数据说明,尽管第一部分对学生来说是新的题型,但由于命题的落脚点较低,主要考查学生的基础词汇和句法,而且没有固定的答案,给学生的答题提供了较大的自由度,因此结果较为理想。第二题要求学生根据所给的内容写一篇值日报告,并且要提供自己对所写事情的评价。因此,本题既有规定必须表达的内容,也有学生可以自由发挥的内容。从阅卷情况看,学生对事情的描写比较完整,但过于执着于表格所给内容的顺序,没有进行灵活的处理,使文章看起来就象是句子翻译,以至于文章毫无流畅、优美之感。同时,学生对事件的评价十分单一,可以看出学生除了知识储备不足以外,还缺乏应变能力。另外,我们仍发现有不少考生依然存在着书写潦草,格式不规范,句子结构混乱以及中式英语等问题,应该引起教师的重视。 17(一)考试目的
初中英语学业考试是义务教育阶段的终结性英语考试,它以《全日制义务教育英语课程标准》(实验稿)为依据,全面、准确地考查初中毕业学生在英语学科学习目标方面达到的水平程度。考试结果既是衡量学生是否达到毕业标准的主要依据,也是高中阶段学校招生的重要依据之一。 二、2009年考试说明18(二)考试范围
?《英语课程标准》中提出的五级的相关内容:
语音项目表: 4个方面
语法项目表: 18个点
功能意念项目表:11大项 68小项
话题项目表:24大类 106个小话题
词汇表:1600个左右的单词 (词汇表说明)
? 参考《Go For It》教材
19(三)考试要求
初中英语学业考试命题力求贴近学生的生活实际,体现时代性、人文性和交际性;注重考查学生的基础语言知识及基本语言技能;着重考查学生综合运用语言能力及通过使用语言解决实际问题的能力。 20?考试要求从低到高依次分为a、b、c三个等级。
a: 对知识的记忆和识别。约占20%
b: 对知识的领会、理解和转换。约占55%
c: 对知识的运用、分析和重组,并用语言做事。约占25%?难度分布:
容易 70% 难度系数0.8以上
稍难 20% 难度系数0.5 ~ 0.8
较难 10% 难度系数0.4 ~ 0.521(四)试卷结构22(五)2009年试题类型分布23(六)考试目标
考试目标是初中英语教学的方向,它说明的是学生在初中阶段英语学习方面所应达到的知识和能力上的要求,具体分为
?基础知识目标(语音、词汇、词法、句法)
?基本能力目标 (听、说、读、写)
除此以外,还应该在考试中关注学生在学习策略、文化意识和情感态度等方面的发展。
注:具体可参见2009年绍兴市毕业生学业考试补充说明24三、2009年中考命题特点及复习建议总体复习思路:
一轮基础知识巩固
课本梳理(面要宽,点要全,以点带面)
二轮专项能力提高
语法纵向梳理;题型专项提高
三轮综合能力发展
精选试题;全真模拟;查漏补缺;鼓励拼搏
25三、2009年中考命题特点及复习建议(一)听力理解
1、题型
题型:与往年一样,分为三节。
2、考点
时间、天气、职业、动物、食物、运动、交通工具、地点、兴趣爱好、物体的颜色、数量、形状以及说话人的态度、观点等等。
263、命题特点:
? 注重语境,语言地道
? 采用与学生的生活和经历相关或是话题为学生所熟悉的听力材料
? 听力材料突出交际性,强调真实
题目以考查事实和简单的推理、判断为主。
适当增加对话的信息量2008年试题27How does Tom usually go to school? 284、复习建议
(1)教师应把每一节课都作为听力训练的阵地,要坚持用英语组织教学,鼓励学生用英语进行交流,在潜移默化中提高听力能力。
(2)要强化对学生的听力微技能的训练
?预测 ? 关注关键词
?做简要笔记(速记符号的使用)
?能识别各种标记29(二)单项填空
1、命题特点
?坚持在真实语境中考查词汇、语法和交际用语
?考点尽可能覆盖《补充说明》中包括的所有语言知识条目。
?考点在设置时一般不单纯考查语言形式的辨别
? 虚拟语气、反意疑问句不列入2009年考试范围2008年试题302、考点
初中阶段学生应掌握的重要的语言知识:
?词汇(规定1,600个单词、200-300左右的词组)、
?词法(名词、动词、形容词与副词、代词、数词、冠词、
连词、介词)、
?句法(S-V-P, S-V, S-V-O, S-V-inO, S-V-dO,S-V-O-C,单
句和复合句,直接引语和间接引语,陈述句、否定句
和疑问句,主动语态和被动语态)等,语音、书写
(书写规范、标点符号)
2009年说明313、复习建议
?要引导学生对零散的词汇和语法知识进行系统的复习和整理,并形成完成的知识网络。(一、二轮)
?要在教学和复习时注重创设微型语境,培养学生在上、下文的逻辑关系中活用词汇和语法的能力。
?进行专题复习时应多采用中考真题作为练习的材料,提高复习的有效性。
32--- Hi, Mike. Do you have _____ brother?
--- Oh, yeah. I have one.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
--- Linda, when shall we take a walk?
--- After I finish _____ the dishes.
A. wash B. washed C. to wash D. washing
Mike looks _____ than Paul, but they are of the same age.
A. youngest B. the youngest
C. younger D. very young 33(4) Mrs Bond is an old friend of _____.
A. Jack mother B. Jack mother’s
C. Jack’s mother D. Jack’s mother’s
(5) Beijing is the 29th city _____ holds the Olympic Games.
A. where B. that C. which D. what34(三)完形填空
1、命题特点
完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力,包括词语辨析、阅读理解和逻辑推理判断。
?意义填空将逐步取代语法填空,词汇语境化;meaning-based
?15空,首句和末句不设空,以保持文章的整体性和完整性;
?体裁不限,所采用篇章具有一定的思想性、人文性、可读性;
?题材应接近学生的生活和学习实际,或话题为他们所熟悉;352、考点
(1)对于文章上下文的理解和把握能力;
(2)对词汇意义及其用法的理解和运用能力;
(3)根据生活常识进行推理和判断的能力;
(4)对惯用法和常用搭配的掌握程度;
考查内容以实词为主,如:动词,名词,形容词,副词,连词,代词等,同时兼顾其它词类;2008年试题363、复习建议
(1)要重视对词汇的教学,尤其对实词的复习、辨别和归纳;
(2)与阅读结合,通过大量的阅读,增加语言输入,形成语感;
(3)要特别重视对复习用篇章的选择,在时间允许的情况下力求自编,至少做到改编。
37(四)阅读理解
1、命题特点
(1)篇数与去年一样,为4篇,设题15题,每题2分;
(2)选材上力求体裁多样,题材多样化、现代化、生活化,
材料内容尽可能体现阅读的真实性;
(3)试题的设计将突现灵活、多样,多层次、多角度考查学
生的阅读能力和阅读策略;
(4)题目在保留以往风格的基础上,将适当增加诸如主旨大意、推理、判断和归纳概括等综合能力方面的题量。2008年试题38 2、考点
(1)了解主旨要义;
(2)理解文中具体信息;
(3)根据上下文推测生词的含义;
(4)作出简单判断和推理;
(5)了解文章的基本结构;
(6)理解作者的观点和态度;391、能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义;
2、能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系;
3、能找出文章中的主题,理解故事的情节,预测故事情节的
发展和可能的结局;
4、能读懂常见体裁的阅读材料;
5、能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息;
6、能利用字典等工具书进行学习;
7、除教材外,课外阅读量应累计达到15万词以上
《课标》对初中毕业生英语阅读的具体要求:403、复习建议
(1)坚持以课堂阅读教学为主要方式,摈弃以练为主的简单劳动;
(2)阅读专题复习要有主题,要注重对学生阅读微技能(策略)的训练,如:猜测、略读、概括、关键词等;
(3)阅读课应该与完形和写作有机结合在一起;
(4)要教会学生利用已有的文体知识进行阅读;对不同类型的文章采用不同的阅读技巧和解题方法;
(4)要帮助学生熟记命题的常用语;
(5)要拓展学生的阅读视野,增加课外阅读摄入量。41Pre-readingThis stage is to prepare the learners for what they are going to read; just as we are usually prepared in real life.
? Guess the topic of the text from the headings, illustrations, etc.
? Brainstorm around a topic world on the board.
? Predict what the text will say.
? Write questions that may be answered by the text.42While-readingThis stage is to help the learners understand the text. They may first do an easy scanning or skimming task, and then a task requiring more thorough comprehension.
We should help learners understand the text rather than just testing their comprehension the whole time.43? Skim for the general idea.
? Scan for two to four items of information.
? Answer questions.
? Complete sentences.
? Complete a table, a map, or a picture.
? Ask each other questions.44After-readingThis stage is to help the learners to connect what they have read with their own ideas and experience, just as we often do in real life, and perhaps to move fluently from reading to another classroom activity.45? Discuss what was interesting or new in the text.
? Discuss or debate the topic of the text if it is controversial
? Do tasks on the language or structure of the text.
? Summarize the text, either orally or in writing.46(五)词汇运用
1、命题特点
(1)采用给中文,然后写出单词的正确形式的试题,10空,共10分;
(2)所选篇章长度一般在150字左右,首句和末句一般不设空;
(3)不同于纯粹单一的单词拼写,强调运用;
(4)体裁、题材不限。
2008年试题472、考点
《复习指导用书》上没有任何记号的四会词汇,除了要准确地拼写单词以外,还要提高在语境中正确使用他们的能力,即要关注单词的变化,如:数、时态、词性、人称等48 3、复习建议
(1)对词汇表上的单词应根据要求和学生的实际水平采用不同的要求;
(2)在组织学生进行词汇复习时,要坚持创设小语境,提高学生的语用能力;
(3)可以通过改编现有教材中的阅读篇章来自编复习材料,提高复习的有效性。49(六)任务型阅读
1、命题特点
任务型阅读要求学生在阅读理解的基础上,完成一项任务或解决一个问题,培养学生阅读理解、获取信息或整合信息、推理判断及书面表达的能力。因此,任务型阅读介于阅读理解和写作之间,有效测试学生用英语做事的能力。
502、近几年我市采用的任务型阅读题
04年:阅读对话,完成信息表;
05年:阅读网页,信息匹配
06年:阅读卡片和人物信息,配对填空
07年:阅读词典条目和例句,配对选择
08年:阅读人物和物品信息,配对选择
513、常见任务型阅读题型
(1)选择配对
根据阅读材料所提供的信息找出与题意要求相匹配的选项。
(2)书面表达
根据短文或生活中常见的应用文、生活常识、各种表格等提供的语言信息完成文后各题,形式主要有回答问题、完成句子、补全信息、填写表格、指定各项规则等
(3)作图
根据阅读材料所提供的信息画出示意图或相应的图表,解题关键是在正理解文字的基础上,边读边操作。524、复习建议
(1)充分利用教材中蕴涵的任务阅读材料,给学生提供感性材料,如:许多单元Section B 3a或3b活动,以及八、九年级每单元后的阅读材料等;
(2)采用“循序渐进”的教学原则;
(3)精选阅读题材,激发阅读兴趣。
(适用于阅读理解)53(七) 书面表达
《补充说明》对写的要求:
?能正确使用大小写、字母和标点符号;
?能根据要求写简单的短文、书信、日记、便条、通知
等;
?能简单描述人物和事件;
?能用常用的连接词表示顺序和逻辑关系
?能根据图片或表格写出简单的段落,并能表达自己的观
点542008年学业评价试卷书面表达各分数档要求
第五档(13-15分):表达清楚,行文连贯,语言基本无误。
第四档(10-12分):表达基本清楚,行文基本连贯,语言有少量错误。
第三档(7-9分):能写明基本要点,语言虽有较多错误,尚能达意。
第二档(4-6分):能写出几个要点,但语言有较多错误,影响意思表达。
第一档(0-3分):白卷或文不对题,或错误百出,不知所云。 55阅卷中发现的几个问题:
?句子不准确,中文式英语多? 句子结构不完整,句式雷同多?语法错误多,主要表现在: (1)时态、语态上 (2)修饰词语错位?用词不准?遗漏情景内容,详略不当?句子衔接性差,缺少过渡词?常识性错误,主要表现在:
(1)遗漏标题或标题写错位。
(2)正文格式错误。
(3)单词字母的大小写及标点符号。 561、命题特点
(1)一小一大两篇作文,小作文要求根据文字或图片、表格等提示完成句子或书写句子,强调应用性;大作文继续采用文字提示或文字与图片、表格结合的方式;不考连环画;
(2)大作文不限文体,以记叙文、说明文为主。如果为应用文,则其格式会在试卷上给出,不属考查范围;
(3)试题力求与学生生活实际紧密联系,关注社会生活和发展,注重情境的创设;
(4)坚持适度开放的原则,激发学生的想象力,鼓励学生表达自己的观点,打开档次。2008年试题572、考点
(1)词汇、语法的准确性和丰富性;
(2)句子的多样性和逻辑严密性(连接、转换词的使用)
(3)书面语表述的规范(大小写、标点符号等)
(4)独创性,是否能用自己的语言得体地表达自己的观点;
(5)文章的总体感觉(是否遗漏要点;是否通顺;是否体现较高的表达能力等)583、复习建议
(1)巩固常用词汇和基本语法(见“考试目标”);
(2)进行写作策略的训练
语篇衔接词
模仿
写长法
(3)多读,多背好文章、好句子、俗语、 谚语。
(4)必须结合课文复习进行
59四、几点思考(一)多研究《标准》和《说明》,少走无谓弯路
(二)多重视中考真题,少做模拟试题
(三)多抓读写,少做单选
(四)多给学生实践和探究的机会,老师少讲一些(五)多归纳总结,少单一讲解(就题论题)
(六)多研究教、学法,少猜题,押题
(七)多一些鼓励,少一些批评
(尤其要关注基础中下学生的教学和辅导) 60有空联系 相互学习(O) 88905952 (M)85372905
sgzzz69@sohu.com
欢迎老师们登陆中小学英语教科研博客zxxyyjky.cersp.net61Thank you课件30张PPT。熟读唐诗三百首 不会作诗也会凑---谈谈我对初中英语阅读与写作教学的一些思考诸暨市教育局教研室 杨寒芳一、我的观点:阅读与写作能力的培养是一个长期的过程。
阅读与写作能力的提高必须有量的积累。
要让学生学会学习---学会运用恰当的学习策略提高阅读与写作的针对性和有效性。
要选择适当的课外阅读材料激发学生的阅读兴趣,丰富语言输入,保证阅读的持久性,提高写作的有效性。
要整合教材资源进行输出训练,基于教材、立足课堂,循序渐进。“熟读唐诗三百首,不会作诗也会凑”
很好地诠释了“阅读与写作”的关系: *《课标》五级目标和浙江省初中毕业生学业《考试说明》对阅读、写作的要求。- *《课标》附录五:技能教学参考表 - 二、阅读与写作教学的现状(教师方面):阅读教学:三、1. 主要把课文作为知识的载体,而非信息的载体;2. 对学生阅读策略的指导不到位;3. 忽视对学生进行思维能力的培养;4.对文章整体结构的关注不够,导致学生写作时缺乏谋篇布局的能力;5. 缺乏对文本本身重要性的认识,导致师本对话和生本对话都不够充分;6.引导生本对话时没有充分考虑阅读的逻辑;7.给学生的语言输入量少,导致学生缺乏良好的英语语感。例:《新标准英语》---八(下)
Unit 2 I remember sitting close to the radio阅读部分的教材设计:1)Read the passage and answer the following questions.
① Who wrote it?
② What’s the story about ?
③ Why did he write it? → 教材意图:了解文章主要内容和作者的写作意图 2)Decide where you’re likely to read the passage.
① In a book about the history of radio.
② In the life story of a famous radio presenter.
③ In a book on how radio works. →教材意图:把握文体 3)Answer the questions about the words and expressions in the box.
① Why does the writer ask “How could I explain?”
② Did the writer write all the articles on his homepage in person or did someone help him?
③How did the writer prepare programmes about the weather? article explain in person prepare→ 教材意图:了解文章细节,同时在上下文中感悟方框中的新词的意义和用法 教材从整体到细节一步步深入,遵从了一般的阅读逻辑:把握文章文体结构和概括主要内容→回答细节问题→结合听、说、写的活动进行巩固和拓展。据有关调查显示,90%的学生惧怕写作,认为写作是一种学习负担,宁可多做几十道题也不愿意写一篇短文(关世民,2008)。“听到写作学生心烦,看到写作教师头痛。”(刘宽平等,2003) 写作教学:写作教学:学生方面常见问题*书写不规范,标点符号不正确,卷面不够整洁;
* 词汇量有限,且单词拼写错误较多;
* 词汇运用能力欠缺,句子结构不清;
* 句式单一,语言表达不够丰富、不够地道;
* 文章比较生硬,不够流畅;
* 文章缺乏完整性;
*人称运用混淆不清。老师方面的问题?中考、高考英语书面表达
评分标准对比: - 老师方面的问题:*选材(主题、难度、语言、兴趣性等)
*过程指导与管理
*评价和反馈
*写作策略指导针对后三方面的不足,我们进行了写作复习的课例研究。1. Serve the theme. (紧扣主题)
2. Plan before you write./5w 1h (精心安排内容)
3. Make a good beginning and ending. (写好开头结尾)
4. Avoid making mistakes. (避免错误)
5. Use conjunctions,good structures and expressions. (使用连词,漂亮句型和表达方式)
6. Express your own opinions if ecessary.
7. Pay attention to the capital letters and punctuations. (注意字母大小写和标点符号)How to write better:四、我们的尝试(一)日常教学中:
充分挖掘教材资源,结合教材中的图片、听力材料、阅读材料、相关话题等进行写作,把写作渗透到日常教学的每一堂课,把“写”与“听、说、读”三种技能结合起来,循序渐进地提高学生的写作能力。 (1)套用范文结构的支架式写作
(2)运用图忆理论进行提示写作
(3)基于问答的概括写作结合阅读进行写作:(1)套用范文结构的支架式写作 例如:八年级上Unit 4 How do you get to school? Section B 3a (送教下乡)
(图一) (图二) (2)运用图忆理论进行提示写作例1:八(上)Unit3 What are you doing for vacation? Section B 3a 例2:九年级Unit10, Section B, Period 1该课时围绕April Fool’s Day展开了听力和口语训练,本单元的目标语言是学习过去进行时,本课要求学生能通过学习三个主人公Dave, Nick and Joe讲述他们愚人节被人捉弄的有趣故事,从而要求学生自己能讲述自己的经历。所以,在讲述自己的经历之前能讲述课本上的故事是一个重点。教师对长长的听力材料中三个故事的内容进行了分解:首先,把对话中的三段故事一一拿出来让学生熟悉。然后,运用图忆教学理论,用一系列图片把整个故事呈现出来,整个故事的过程生动清晰地呈现在眼前让学生会有眼前一亮的感觉。教师设计了一个Groupwork: Tell the April Fool’s Day stories about Joe, Dave or Nick in groups of three, each student a story,让学生在看图讲故事的过程中内化语言,学生很快就能看着图将故事讲出来了。 课本上这么多赏心悦目的插图也是一种课程资源,对我们的教学是很有帮助的,如果我们能巧妙地挖掘和开发它们,发挥其应有的作用,就能使之服务于我们的教学,从而收到意想不到的效果。 在Go For It!教材中写作能力的培养往往是通过先练说来达到的。当学生已能就某一话题熟练地对话或Report时, 再让他们把说的内容写下来, 落实到笔头或书面。实践证明这确实是一条培养初中生写作能力的行之有效的途径 (3)基于问答的概括写作如: 八年级下册Unit4 Extensive reading: She said helping others changed her life. 问答法 → 关键词 → 概括写作(摘要)1. What do the Ministry of Education and the Chinese Young Pioneers do every year? 关键词:volunteers, rural areas
2. Why did Yang Lei’s mother agree with her decision? 关键词:experience
3. How was the food there and what about the air in the village? 关键词: simple, thin
4. How were the pupils’ lives? 关键词:hard
5.What did the children say about their volunteer teachers? 关键词:brothers and sisters, lucky
6.How did Yang Lei say she could help? 关键词:open up, good influence
7.What did Yang Lei say about her time as a volunteer? 关键词:enjoy* Use the answers, you can write a summary of the reading in 100 words: Yang Lei, the Peking University graduate, volunteered to a high school in a poor mountain village in Gansu Province. She and her students lived a simple and hard life. They worked very hard and regarded the volunteer teachers as sisters and brothers. Yang Lei wanted to open up her students’ eyes to the outside world and give them a good start in life. Yang Lei enjoyed her time as a volunteer very much. Teaching there changed her life. She now works as a math teacher at a high school in the city of Pingliang, Gansu Province.(二)中考复习阶段:
写作部分:“主题式”写作复习训练法课例研究: “构建有效的初中英语写作复习课模式的实践与研究” 基于教材,整合话题, 激活已学知识,渗透写作策略,加强过程指导,及时评价和反馈。特点:教是为了不教。教学英语,而非教英语阅读(教学)的目的:1、了解信息,丰富知识。
2、交流经验和情感。
3、在篇章中学习语言知识。
4、欣赏,获得乐趣。
5、培养和发展学生的阅读技能。
课件21张PPT。 越城区皋埠镇中学 金素娣
更新观念
注重策略
迎战中考◆ 复习理念的更新
◆复习策略的制定
◆ 复习阶段的注意点
一、复习理念的更新1.独自作战还是协作共享?● 统一教学思想
● 共同讨论复习计划
● 分工协作,共享资源
同伴互助 协作共享
2.炒冷饭还是查漏补缺?●要通过有意义的语言活动,
让学生将所学知识系统化、条理化
●要在有语境的语言活动中,
使学生的语言能力得到进一步提高与改善。查漏补缺 巩固提高
3.以课本为本还是以课标为本?以课标为依据 落实双基 注重能力《浙江省2009年初中毕业生考试说明》明确指出,学业考试卷不与某教材的具体内容直接挂钩。所以我们的复习教学应以“课标”为依据,以学生的发展为根本,重视双基的落实,注重能力的提升。二、复习策略的制定● 语言知识块
● 语法知识块
● 语言运用块
● 语言技能块
● 解题技巧块1.以课标词汇为依据,
注重英语词汇的训练 2.以语法知识为线索,
注重语言规则的掌握 (1)名词、冠词、介词、数词、代词、连词——七上册
(2)形容词与副词、比较等级、感叹句、祈使句——七下册
(3)一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过
去进行时、现在完成时(现在完成进行时、过去完成时和过去
将来时要求理解)——八年级上下册
(4)宾语从句、 状语从句、 定语从句/主动语态和被动语态
——九年级册
(5)其他部分3.以篇章阅读为载体,
注重读写能力的培养 ●细节理解题,要指导学生将选项与段落中的信息相对应
●词语或句子内涵的理解题,要培养学生如何根据上下文
进行推断的能力
●总结归纳题,则要指导学生依据文章的主题来判断4.以单项训练为突破,
注重语言技能的提高 5.以综合模拟为重点,
注重考试规律的探索 三、复习阶段的注意点● 面对现实,适当降低要求
● 放慢进度,追求高效
● 面向全体,全面提升
Thank you!课件17张PPT。系统梳理 专项训练 分块强化新昌城关中学 俞喜娟第一轮 分册系统梳理
第二轮 语法专项训练
第三轮 针对题型强化第一轮 分册系统梳理听译词组与课本中的重点句
背书中的重点句,关键句
3. 采取一些措施来巩固和增强复习效果。
一、听译词组与课本中的重点句
1、重点句指含有固定词组及本课生词的句子。
spend many happy hours walking through the History Museum。
Eating less meat is good for your health.
2、教师报中文,学生听译,不准有单词拼写
与语法错误。
3、使学生掌握规范地道的英语表达,有利于
单项选择、单词拼写及写作,一举三得。 二、背书中的重点句,关键句
a. 背重点句时不准加词、漏词。
b. 体会句中时态的用法,固定短
语的搭配,是积累规范句子的好
方法.三、采取一些必要的措施来巩固
和增强复习效果。根据复习内容,设计、布置适量
的难度适中的练习。
b. 循环考试
c. 确定帮扶对象运用联想,激活学生思维 Little---a little---few---a few---many, much---so,such---so…that, such…that---too…to---enough to---
第二轮 分块语法总复习
1、让学生整体感知语法内容,让其头脑中有个清晰的语法结构体系。
2、对每个语法内容进行有重点的归纳整理,并寻找专项训练。 初中语法结构体系
a. 冠词、名词、代词、介词、形容词、副词
连词、数词、动词
b. 时态 (8种基本时态)
c. 语态(被动语态与主动语态)
d. 非谓语动词(动名词与不定式)
e. 句子的种类(5种基本句型)
f. 复合句(宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句
g. 主谓一致
数词:基数词的拼写与用法
序数词的拼写与用法
分数的表达法
时间的表达法
日期的表达法:包括年月日、 几世纪 、几十年代、几十几的表达.
房号与街号的表达.
第三轮 针对中考按题型复习 中考题型分成四大块,
1、听力,25分
2、基础题 (单项选择)15分
3、语篇能力题(完形填空、阅读理解、
词汇运用、任务型阅读)共60分
4、写作20分 听力 听力成绩的好坏直接影响到笔试 加强听力技巧方面的指导,指导学生
通过试卷中的问题来预测对话的内容,并
快速联想到该内容的一些词汇. 听力训练将贯穿整个复习阶段,先是分
散听,一星期两三次,最后一个月是每节课
听10分钟,强化训练. 通过对三册教材的不间断的听写与听译,对语法项目的专项训练。 对选择题的训练,不要搞得过细过 深,不要钻牛角尖.主要把大纲中要求掌握的语法现象和词汇搞懂就可.
基础题 语篇能力题
(贯穿整个复习阶段,每天至少两篇)完型填空 文章的整体理解
1)通读短文,跳过选项,掌握整篇文章的大致意思.
2)边读边想,初选试题,将大部分简单题做完.
3)反复推敲,攻破难题,在全文试题结束后,再根据上下文,
语法结构,结合常识,用代入法,排除法等突破难题.
4)四顾全文,验证答案,语篇能力题
(贯穿整个复习阶段,每天至少两篇)
阅读理解
a. 阅读理解题大致可分为主旨题,细节题,
推断题, 猜测词义题、推断作者意图和
态度题.
b.进行必要的逻辑推理和联想;利用构词
法、反义词或定义猜测新词义等
c.增加生活常识,关注热点事件,注重学科
间综合知识积累
在给出题目后,小组先审题,交流写作思路。
学生对收集的信息,根据自己想写内容进行取舍,
在规定时间里独立完成写作。
要求中下生尽可能用简单句写,重要的是能写对每一句话;而对于优等生, 鼓励他们多用高级的词语,为自己的文章润色添彩 写作独立写作后,安排学生互改作业(2-4人)。归纳收集精彩文句,全班点评表扬,张贴佳作. 预祝大家在今年的中考中取得辉煌的成绩课件29张PPT。如何进行有效的写作训练诸暨市浣江教育集团浣江初中
侯雪飞课例研究之一.写作复习背景 诸暨市英语教学课例研究小组成立的初期就展开了主题为如何进行中考前有效的写作训练的课例研究及其各项活动设计,并积极探索中考作文复习的新思路和新方法。
通过选话题-备课-上课-研讨-改进-上课-反思-推广的形式,把握中考方向,紧紧围绕考纲说明和教材内容,整合零碎的教学话题提高学生的综合语言运用技能,尤其是写作技能。二.课例研究过程 1.集体讨论选定话题
二.课例研究过程2.个人备课
3.上课
4.小组研讨、记录并加以改进
用摄像机拍下第一堂课的实录,从教师、学生、教学设计等方面设计了一系列的表格,并进行跟踪记录。存在问题记录如下:
问题记录: ①教学时间安排不合理
②任务设计不科学,缺乏难度的层次性和内容的紧密性
③学生作文互评时只强调语言的正确性,忽视了语言的丰富性。
④学生参与活动的热情不够,教师的鼓励性语言过于少。二.课例研究过程5.改进
6.第二次上课
7.研究小组再次跟踪记录
8.再改进需改进的问题(1)General introduction 介绍小沈阳时,教师要引导学生运用并激活他们三年积累的旧知。
(2)制定合乎实际的评价标准,细则中要渗透写作策略和技巧。
①教学活动不仅设计学生的活动,而且也应该设计教师的活动。
如:写作前教师可否给学生列举一些具体有关于怎样写好作文开头。
②教师对学生的评价
首先,不仅仅语言准确性问题;而且要重视语言的丰富性。其次,要注意评价细则的分类,即要分对优等生、中等生和差生的评价细则。
③学生对学生的评价
可否为学生制定一张有评价标准细则的表格,使学生互评时有依据可以对照。(3)需要关注或存在的困惑
①从教师的角度
② 从学生的角度
③为什么九年级学生课堂上主动举手的 次数不多二.课例研究过程 9.第三次上课
10.推广Learn to introduce a personWords to describe a person tall short medium height
heavy thin medium build
long hair short hair
curly hair straight hair
long curly blonde hairAppearancePersonalityquiet outgoing serious funny
calm wild friendly active
smart talented creative energetic
Let's enjoy !What’s your impression(印象)of him?He’s thin/ medium height …
He has small eyes/ big nose…He has short straight black hair.He is funny/humorous/outgoing
active/talented…What do you know about Xiao Shenyang ?28medium height…funny/humorous…singing,acting…Liaoning
May7thZhao BenshanGood beginningI have a favorite star. He’s well-known
all over China this year.
2. My idol is one of the most popular stars
at present. Can you guess who he is?Good ending1. I like him so much because he gives us a lot of pleasure.2. I’m a fan of Xiao Shenyang. I like his performance very much. I will support him forever.Let’s know more about Xiao Shenyang ! Xiao Shenyang was born in a poor village in 1981. After he left school, he began to learn Errenzhuan from 1995 to 1998. In 1999 he had his first performance.Then he did very well in the first Benshan Cup Contest.Five years later, he won the first prize in another important contest---Liu Laogen Stage. Because of his perfect performances, he became Benshan’s student. From then on, he did better and better.He hoped to perform on CCTV one day.But he didn’t achieve his dream until 2009. It was the Spring Festival Gala that made him well-known all over China. when who where what why how1. Serve the theme. (紧扣主题)
2. Plan before you write./5w 1h (精心安排内容)
3. Make a good beginning and ending. (写好开头结尾)
4. Avoid making mistakes. (避免错误)
5. Use conjunctions,good structures and expressions.
(使用连词,漂亮句型和表达方式)
6. Express your own opinions if necessary.
7. Pay attention to the capital letters and punctuations.
(注意字母大小写和标点符号) How to write better:Different comments(评论)新民网 > 新民网 > 新闻中心 > 评论频道 > 娱乐评论
谭飞:小沈阳相当于网络文学,但也纯
2009-02-12 14:38来源:新浪博客作者:谭飞进入论坛共 0 条评论silly vulgar(庸俗的)…talented funny lucky excellent…
encouragements or suggestions.Group Work
Give a report and Show yourA New Star—Liu QianWriting !Please write an article to introduce Liu Qian. (80 words)A New Star-Liu Qian1. Serve the theme. (紧扣主题)
2. Plan before you write./5w 1h (精心安排内容)
3. Make a good beginning and ending. (写好开头结尾)
4. Avoid making mistakes. (避免错误)
5. Use conjunctions,good structures and expressions.
(使用连词,漂亮句型和表达方式)
6. Express your own opinions if necessary.
7. Pay attention to the capital letters and punctuations.
(注意字母大小写和标点符号) How to write better: How to write better:学生互评标准:包含内容要点;语言基本无误;行文连贯,表达清楚。
基本包含要点,遗漏少量次要点;语言有少量错误;行文基本连贯,表达基本清楚。包含部分要点;语言虽有较多错误,尚能达意。要点不明确;语言错误较多,影响意思表达。只抄写了提示词;错误百出,不知所云。白卷或文不对题。 There is a new star who is well-known in China at present. His name is Liu Qian. He was born in 1976. And he is a magician who comes from Taiwan.
To my surprise, he is not only good at magic, but also good at languages. He can speak three languages which are Chinese, English and Japanese.At the age of 7, he began to learn magic by himself. Then in 1988, he won his first award. From then on, he worked even harder. Practice makes perfect. He was invited to perform all over the world. So far, he has won lots of awards.
To be honest, I like Liu Qian very much. I think he is smart and creative. I feel that magic is very magical and mysterious. I really want to learn magic from him.
HomeworkPlease write an article to
introduce a person who
you know well.No problems, no thinking !
把教育教学活动作为课例研究对象,持续不断地对教育教学行为进行反思,汇总着自己的教育智慧,提升自己的教育教学水平,我相信通过长周期与短周期对写作训练的精心设计和研讨,扎扎实实的上好每一节写作复习课,既注重写作技能的培养,又整合学生三年的语言知识和功能话题,在不断磨练与研讨的课例研究活动中,学生在写作方面一定会有提高,教师也一定会从中受到很大的启发,并引发教师对如何进行中考有效复习的思考。
Thank you!教 学 设 计
嵊州市爱德外国语学校 谢学英
《英语课程标准》阅读教育的五级要求:(幻灯片2)
1.能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义;
2.能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系;
3.能找出文章中的主题,理解故事的情节,预测故事情节的发展和可
能的结局;
4.能读懂常见体裁的阅读材料;
5.能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息;
6.能利用字典等工具书进行学习;
7.除教材外,课外阅读量应累计达到15万词以上,所谓阅读能力是指
视读能力、理解能力和对所读材料的评价能力。
阅读理解的命题要求:(幻灯片3)
1.了解主旨要义;
2.理解文中具体信息;
3.扩大阅读面和阅读量。
*依据《2009年绍兴 初中毕业生学业评价文化考试的补充说明》,阅读理解分布于卷一,题号为46-60,共15小题,每小题为2分,共计30分。
教材分析(幻灯片4)
依据《英语课程标准》阅读教育的五级要求和中考阅读理解的命题要求,我选择本堂课的教材为三篇阅读材料,阅读材料的体裁分别为表格和短文, 题材都以人物为主, 内容贴近学生校园生活, 是学生生活中感兴趣的话题,并富有时代感。其中的B篇和C篇两篇短文取材于《21世纪英语报》,两篇短文分别介绍了两位当红名人魔术师Liu Qian和美国总统 Barack Obama的成才经历。设计的阅读理解题型均为判断或选择题。难易度适中。
学情分析(幻灯片5)
该授课班级为本校九年级的一个班级,全班共44位学生,整体英语成绩居中,刚刚完成九年级全册英语教材的学习,准备开始迎2009年中考的全面复习。学生们虽有一定的阅读解题技能的积累,但还缺乏系统的指导、训练、强化和巩固,希望通过此类阅读课的讲授,能培养学生的阅读技能,提高学生的阅读答题能力和答题速度。
(基于上述教材与学情特点,我为本堂课设计的中心任务是:采用正确的阅读策略,运用正确的阅读技巧逐一完成对三篇阅读材料的阅读、理解及答题。(幻灯片6-7)这个中心任务贯穿于整个课堂教学活动。学生在老师的启发引导下,通过自主合作等活动,动手动脑进行操练、实践、总结、再运用,最终达到以下教学目标:)
Teaching aims: (幻灯片8)
1.The students will be able to have a good master of the reading skills by reading practice .
2.The students will be able to understand the passages by using proper reading skills .
3.The student will be encouraged to work hard to make their dreams come true by the stories of the two famous successful persons.
(上述教学目标需要通过三个子任务得以实现。三个子任务围绕一个中心任务,贯穿在下面的教学过程中:)
Teaching Plan
—By Xie Xueying
from Shengzhou Aide Foreign Language School
Date: March 4, 2009
Place: Shengzhou, Aide Foreign Language School
Students: Class 1, Grade 9
Ⅰ.Teaching aims:
The students will be able to have a good master of the reading methods.
The students will be able to understand the passages.
The student will be encouraged to work hard so that their dreams could come true.
Ⅱ.Teaching methods:
Elicitation Method
Comprehension Approach
Communication Approach
Ⅲ.Teaching Aids
CAI
Ⅵ.Teaching Procedures: (幻灯片9-35)
教学安排
设计意图及说明
Step 1 Warming-up and Lead in the topic
Good morning, everyone.
Do you like this song?
So do I, and it talks about dreams.
New year, new dreams!
Do you have a dream?
What’s your dream for this year?...
…
Work hard, and your dream will come true!
Good luck to you!
课前播放歌曲《真心英雄》热身,一上课由歌曲导入话题Dream, 最后以一句 “ Work hard, and your dream will come true! ”为本堂阅读课的主题做好铺垫。
Step 2 Task1
At the end of last year I asked some students about their dreams for this year. They are Wang Fang,,Li Qiang,,Huang Rong and Linda. What’re their dreams? Now please skim the chart, and finish Task One.
1. Wang Fang wants to ____ when she grows up. (Let’sfind the answer together. Show the slide)
2. Li Qiang didn’t watch to the end of the Festival Gala last year because____. (Let’s find the answer together. Show the slide)
3. Which of the following is NOT TRUE?
(Ask one student to find the answer. Show the slide)
考点链接一:表层理解题,要求我们通读全文,可以从文章的原句中直接找到答案。
4. How old is Linda’s sister? (How to count? Show the slide.)
考点链接二:浅层理解题,要求我们对文中的个别难词、关键词、词组及句子作出解释或一些数据的计算。
通过以上热身和导入,展开Task 1,指令学生以Skimming阅读策略阅读第一篇表格式阅读材料,通过对所设定的题目的师生双边共同探究,形成对两种阅读理解题型(表层理解题、浅层理解题)的解题技巧的初识。其中第一种即表层理解题在此环节得到强化和巩固。
Step 3 Task2
Now you see, different people have different dreams. But do you want to be a magician? A magician is good at playing tricks. And these days “magic” is a hot word. Do you think so? Why? Yes, because of Liu Qian. His two shows for the CCTV Spring Festival Gala have made all people amazed and curious. And I think Liu Qian’s dream is to be an excellent magician. Do you agree with me? Yes, But do you know when Liu Qian started to have the dream of being a magician? And how did he learn magic? Scan Passage 2 carefully, and finish Task Two.
1. Liu Qian learned magic .( How do you know that? )
(考点链接:浅层理解题)
2. Liu Qian started to learn magic because . ( Let’s find the specific information. )
考点链接三: 判断推理题,不能直接找到答案,要求我们对文章的上下文部分信息进行比较、分析、深层理解而作出推论。
Which fact about Liu Qian is NOT TRUE?
( Let’s analyze.)
(考点链接: 判断推理题)
4. From Liu Qian's story we can learn .
考点链接四:概括综合题,要求我们对文章的某一段落或整篇文章做出归纳、总结或评价。
由dream话题引入问题 Do you want to be a magician? Can you say something about Liu Qian? 展开讨论,通过这种师生互动的方式,并且借助幻灯片对部分生词进行呈现,既解决了第二篇阅读材料中的生词较多的难处,同时又为展开Task 2做好了铺垫。
当铺垫成熟,指令学生以Scanning的阅读策略自主阅读第二篇阅读材料,通过阅读后答题、逐题分析结论,进一步强化和巩固在前面所学两种题型,然后呈现第三和第四种题型,即判断推理题和概括综合题的解题技巧。
Step 4 Task3
So practice makes perfect. And do you think Liu Qian is hard-working? Is he successful? Now look at another successful man! Who is he? Barack Obama. He is the president of America. He is the first black president of America. His father is a black African and His mother is a white American. So he comes from a mixed-race family. But why is he so successful? So let’s go on to Task 3. First, read the questions 1-4 quickly, then read the third passage, please choose the best answers by using the reading strategies.
1. Barack Obama’s father was a ( an ) .
(Ss answers, how do you know that?)
(考点链接:表层理解题)
2.Barack Obama is now.(Let’s check the
answer together.)
(考点链接:浅层理解题)
3. When he was a child, Obama at school.
(考点链接:判断推理即深层理解题)
4.“This unusual background”refers to the fact that .
(考点链接:浅层理解题)
5. Could you give a suitable title to the passage?
(Maybe we will have some different answers. Now please discuss in groups, then choose the best one.)
These titles may be suitable:
Martin Luther King’s dream come true
the First Black President in US History
American turns a new page
(考点链接:概括综合题)
(So everybody has his dreams, and different people have different dreams. OK! Work hard, and your dream will come true! Come on! Boys and girls!)
由another successful man一词导入并介绍新闻人物Barack Obama ,继续Task3,指令学生自主阅读关于Barack Obama的第三篇阅读材料。通过学生的自主阅读答题和小组讨论交流,让学生在完成各种题型的问题解答过程中,达到巩固和运用四种题型的阅读技巧的目标。
最后以dream话题收尾。既达到课堂
首尾呼应的目的,又使本堂课的情感目标得以实现,真正起到激励学生斗志的作用。
Step 5 Summary
Today we have learned many ways about working out reading problems. Next let’s summarize.
(Ⅰ) 阅读方式
(Ⅱ) 题型设计及解题技巧
(Ⅲ)温馨提示
(Ⅳ)特别提醒
通过summary使学生对本堂课的教学内容和重点有一个系统性的内化。
Step 6 Homework:
Read the passages, finish the homework by using reading strategies.
布置学生课后完成两篇来自2008年中考的阅读材料,学生通过课后运用本课时所学的阅读技巧进行自主阅读训练,进一步巩固和提高阅读技能,从而使本堂课的教学目标和任务得以圆满实现,并及时了解学生对本堂课的掌握情况。
反思
本人结合听课老师的意见反思如下:
优点:
1. 主题突出,并具有积极的现实意义,本节课以“Dream”为中心话题,逐一展开task1、task2、task3,结尾与开头以“Work hard, and your dream will come true” 相呼应,由本堂课的知识目标的实现,过渡到情感目标的实现。
2. 题材内容真实新颖,具有时代感,因而有效地调动了学生阅读答题的主动性和积极性,使枯燥乏味的课堂生动起来。
3. 三个任务,三篇阅读材料问题的设置有鲜明的层次性, 由浅入深,由易及难,符合循序渐进的教学原则,又实现了复习课要让人人参与(包括成绩居下的学生),人人学有所获的教学宗旨。
4. 整堂课师生互动与生生互动相结合,学生自主阅读和小组合作相结合,体现了教学中以学生为主体、教师为主导的教学原则,发挥了学生自主合作在英语课堂教学中的作用。
主要的不足:因为备课时偏重考虑了话题的新颖性和一致性,因此所选三篇阅读材料均以新闻兼人物为主,导致了阅读题材太单一的弊病。另外,有些题目的设置在科学性和合理性方面还有待探讨、修改。
以上内容是本人对本堂阅读公开课的说课和个人感想。如有不当之处恳请大家批评指正。谢谢大家!
课件45张PPT。TEACHING DESIGN By Xie Xueying
from Shengzhou Aide Foreign Language School 《英语课程标准》阅读教育的五级要求:
1.能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义 2.能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系;
3.能找出文章中的主题,理解故事的情节,预测
故事情节的发展和可能的结局;
4.能读懂常见体裁的阅读材料;5.能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获
取信息;
7.除教材外,课外阅读量应累计达到15万词以上,
所谓阅读能力是指视读能力、理解能力和对所
读材料的评价能力。
6.能利用字典等工具书进行学习;中考阅读理解的命题要求1. 了解主旨要义;
2. 理解文中具体信息;
3. 扩大阅读面和阅读量。
*依据《2009年绍兴 初中毕业生学业评价文化考试的
补充说明》,阅读理解分布于卷一,题号为46-60,共
15小题,每小题为2分,共计30分。 依据《英语课程标准》阅读教育的五级要求和中考阅读理解的命题要求,我选择本堂课的教材为三篇阅读材料,阅读材料的体裁分别为表格和短文, 题材都以人物为主, 内容贴近学生校园生活, 是学生生活中感兴趣的话题,并富有时代感。其中的B篇和C篇两篇短文取材于《21世纪英语报》,两篇短文分别介绍了两位当红名人魔术师Liu Qian和美国总统 Barack Obama的成才经历。设计的阅读理解题型均为判断或选择题。难易度适中。教材分析
该授课班级为本校九年级的一个班级,全班共44位学生,整体英语成绩居中,刚刚完成九年级全册英语教材的学习,准备开始迎2009年中考的全面复习。学生们虽有一定的阅读解题技能的积累,但还缺乏系统的指导、训练、强化和巩固,希望通过此类阅读课的讲授,能培养学生的阅读技能,提高学生的阅读答题能力和答题速度。学情分析阅读策略Skimming: Read the passage quickly.
Don’t read every word.
Scanning: Read the passage carefully to
look for specific information
题型设计及解题技巧1.表层理解题:要求我们通读全文,可以从文章
的原句中找到答案
2.浅层理解题:要求我们对文中的个别难词、关
键词、词组及句子作出解释或一
些数据的计算。
3.判断推理题:不能直接找到答案,要做上下文
部分信息的比较、深层理解而作
出的推论和结果。
4.概括综合题:对文章做出归纳、概括或评价。
The students will be able to have a good master of the reading skills by reading
practice .
The students will be able to understand the passages by using proper reading skills .
The students will be encouraged to work hard to make their dreams come true by the stories of the two famous successful persons. Teaching aimsWork hard,and your dream will come true!课前播放歌曲《真心英雄》热身,一上课由歌曲导入话题Dream, 最后以一句 “ Work hard, and your dream will come true! ”为本堂阅读课的主题做好铺垫。 Step 1 Warming-up and Lead in the topicWang FangLi QiangHuang RongLinda1. Wang Fang wants to ____ when she grows up.
A. travel all over the world B. get good grades in exams
C. win the English Olympic competition D. study abroad
2. Li Qiang didn’t watch to the end of the Spring Festival Gala last
year because____.
A. he felt the program was boring
B. he was not allowed to do so
C. he had some homework to do
D. something was wrong with the TV set
3. Which of the following is NOT TRUE?
A. Huang Rong and her friend are not in the same school.
B. Huang Rong can see her friend very often now.
C. Huang Rong misses her friend very much.
D. Huang Rong’s school is half an hour’s ride from her friend’s.
考点链接一:表层理解题,要求我们通读
全文, 可以从文章的原句中
直接找到答案。
4. How old is Linda’s sister?
A. 14 years old. B. 18 years old.
C. 10 years old. D. 4 years old.
14 – 4 = 10考点链接二:浅层理解题,要求我们对文中的
个别难词、关键词、词组及句子
作出解释或一些数据的计算。
通过以上热身和导入,展开Task 1,指令学生以Skimming阅读策略阅读第一篇表格式阅读材料,通过对所设定的题目的师生双边共同探究,形成对两种阅读理解题型(表层理解题、浅层理解题)的解题技巧的初识。其中第一种即表层理解题在此环节得到强化和巩固。Step 2 Task1Liu QianmagicianmagicCCTV Spring Festival Gala
curious 魔术师 春节联欢晚会
好奇的tricks 花招由dream话题引入问题 Do you want to be a magician? Can you say something about Liu Qian? 展开讨论,通过这种师生互动的方式,并且借助幻灯片对部分生词进行呈现,既解决了第二篇阅读材料中的生词较多的难处,同时又为展开Task 2做好了铺垫。Step 3 Task 2 Choose the best answer:
1. Liu Qian learned magic .
A. from a great magician
B. without any help
C. in a magic school
D. in a big store
TAIWANESE magician Liu Qian has made “magic” a hot word. His two shows for the CCTV Spring Festival Gala(春晚) left people amazed and curious.
“I enjoy seeing the surprise on people’s faces,” said 33-year-old Liu. “It’s the best reward(回报)a magician can get.”
Liu didn’t train professionally(专业地) to be a magician. He learned his tricks by himself. Liu was seven when he fell in love with magic. It was in a big store in Taiwan. The seller showed the boy a coin trick. Choose the best answer:
1. Liu Qian learned magic .
A. from a great magician
B. without any help
C. in a magic school
D. in a big store
(考点链接:浅层理解题)
2. Liu Qian started to learn magic because .
A. he wanted to become rich
B. he was fascinated by it
C. he had a superpower
D. he didn’t like schoolwork
“You can’t imagine how I felt at that moment,” said Liu. “Being able to do magic was like having a superpower (超凡能力),the kind all kids want to have. It was just like something from Doraemon (哆啦A梦) or Superman. I decided to learn magic.”
Liu practiced hard at home to improve his magic skills until one day he was able to perform a trick before his class.
“I saw that look of surprise on everyone’s face. I knew they felt the same as I did in the store, ” said Liu, thinking back.
Liu practices just as hard today. He takes every new show seriously. It took him three years to get ready for the Gala. 2. Liu Qian started to learn magic because .
A. he wanted to become rich
B. he was fascinated by it
C. he had a superpower
D. he didn’t like schoolwork
考点链接三:判断推理题(或深层理解题),不能直
接从文章中找到答案,要求我们对文章
的上下部分信息进行比较、分析、深层理解而作出推论。
3. Which fact about Liu Qian is not true?
A. “Magic” is a hot word today.
B. He was seven when he fell in love with magic
C. Magic is a super power like something from
Doraemon or Superman.
D. He practiced three years before he performed
the tricks in the Spring Festival Gala.
(考点链接:推理即深层理解题)4. We can learn from Liu Qian's story .
A. how to be famous
B. how to become a magician
C. practice makes perfect
D. the superpower of magic
考点链接四:概括综合题,要求我们 对
文章的某一段落或整篇文
章做出归纳、总结或评价。 当铺垫成熟,指令学生以Scanning的阅读策略自主阅读第二篇阅读材料,通过阅读后答题、逐题分析结论,进一步强化和巩固在前面所学两种题型,然后呈现第三和第四种题型,即判断推理题和概括综合题的解题技巧。Barack Obama
巴拉克·奥巴马 presidentA mixed-race family Obama was born in 1961, to an African father and a white American woman from a small town in the US. He grew up in Indonesia (印度尼西亚) and Hawaii. This unusual background(背景) made him wonder who he was. He once turned to alcohol (酒精) to help forget this question.
(考点链接:表层理解题) Obama was born in 1961, to an African father and a white American woman from a small town in the US. He grew up in Indonesia (印度尼西亚) and Hawaii. This unusual background(背景) made him wonder who he was. He once turned to alcohol (酒精) to help forget this question.
(考点链接:浅层理解题) TEN-YEAR-OLD Barack Obama was one of only three black students at his school in Hawaii, US. He felt very different from most other students. White girls wanted to touch his hair. A white boy asked him whether his father ate people.
“I lied to them that my father was a Kenyan (肯尼亚) prince(王子). But I kept asking myself who I am," said Obama.
(考点链接:推理即深层理解题) Obama was born in 1961, to an African father and a white American woman from a small town in the US. He grew up in Indonesia (印度尼西亚) and Hawaii. This unusual background(背景) made him wonder who he was. He once turned to alcohol (酒精) to help forget this question.
(考点链接:浅层理解题)(考点链接:概括综合题)the First Black President in US History5. Could you give a suitable title to this passage?
Martin Luther King’s Dream Come TrueAmerican Turns a New Page由another successful man一词导入并介绍新闻人物Barack Obama ,然后展开Task3,指令学生自主阅读关于Barack Obama的短文,即第三篇阅读材料。通过学生的自主阅读答题和小组讨论交流,让学生在完成各种题型的问题解答过程中,达到巩固和运用四种题型的阅读技巧的目标。Step 4 Task3最后以dream话题收尾。既达到课堂
首尾呼应的目的,又使本堂课的情感目标得以实现,真正起到激励学生斗志的作用。题型设计及解题技巧
1、表层理解题:要求我们通读全文,可以从文章的
原句中找到答案。
2、浅层理解题:要求我们对文中的个别难词、关键
词、词组及句子作出解释或一些数
据的计算。
3、判断推理题:不能直接找到答案,要做上下文部
分信息的比较、深层理解而作出的
推论和结果。
4、概括综合题:对文章做出归纳、概括或评价。通过summary使学生对本堂课的教学内容和重点有一个系统性的内化。Step 5 Summary温馨提示:
我们在做阅读理解时, 要了解文章的背景知识、文章的关键词或句子、文章的某细节或情节、文章的结构或结局、文章的主题、文章内涵的寓意等。Homework:
Read the passages, finish the homework by using reading strategies.布置学生课后完成两篇来自2008年中考的阅读材料,学生通过课后运用本课时所学的阅读技巧进行自主阅读训练,进一步巩固和提高阅读技能,从而使本堂课的教学目标和任务得以圆满实现,并及时了解学生对本堂课的掌握情况。 Step 6 Homework:
反 思
优点:
1. 主题突出,并具有积极的现实意义,本节课以“Dream”为中心话题,逐一展开task1、task2、task3,结尾与开头以“Work hard, and your dream will come true” 相呼应,由本堂课的知识目标的实现,过渡到情感目标的实现。
2. 题材内容真实新颖,具有时代感,因而有效地调动了学生阅读答题的主动性和积极性,使枯燥乏味的课堂生动起来。
3. 三个任务,三篇阅读材料问题的设置有鲜明的层次性, 由浅入深,由易及难,符合循序渐进的教学原则,又实现了复习课要让人人参与(包括成绩居下的学生),人人学有所获的教学宗旨。
4.整堂课师生互动与生生互动相结合,学生自主阅读和小组合作相结合,体现了教学中以学生为主体、教师为主导的教学原则,发挥了学生自主合作在英语课堂教学中的作用。
主要的不足:因为备课时偏重考虑了话题的新颖性和一致性,因此所选三篇阅读材料均以新闻兼人物为主,导致了阅读题材太单一的弊病。另外,有些题目的设置在科学性和合理性方面还有待探讨、修改。Work hard,and your dream will come true!Thanks for your listening!Work hard, and your
dream will come true!
Task One : Skim four students’dreams and fill in the blankets
Wang Fang
15 years old
Jiangxi
I always dream big. I had planned to get the highest grades during the final exam. But I didn’t make it. And my dream of winning the English Olympic competition also didn’t come true. But I have a new dream now. I want to study abroad when I grow up. So my next year’s plan is to improve my English.
Li Qiang
15 years old
Hunan
My biggest wish is to watch to the end of the Spring Festival Gala (春节联欢晚会) without falling asleep this year. Last year, I got bored with program after 11 o’clock and went to bed early. This year I will stay awake until the last minute. Why? My favorite star Jay Chou, together with other stars, will be on the program this year. How can I not watch to the end?
Huang Rong
13 years old
Shanghai
I want to be closer to my friend this year. We used to be in the same middle school. Now her school is about half an hour’s ride from mine. We don’t see each other often now but we do miss each other. I will buy her some of her favourite things as gifts when her birthday comes. I want to tell her that I hope our friendship lasts the whole life.
Linda
14 years old
US
I have too many ideas. First of all, I want to be a better sister. I always enjoy being with my sister. She is four years younger than me. We make cakes and watch films together. She once told me that my chocolate cookie was her favorite food. But this year I was too busy with my schoolwork. I didn’t make enough time for her.
1. Wang Fang wants to ____ when she grows up.
A. travel all over the world B. get good grades in exams
C. win the English Olympic competition D. study abroad
2. Li Qiang didn’t watch to the end of the Spring Festival Gala last year because____.
A. he felt the program was boring B. he was not allowed to do so
C. he had some homework to do D. something was wrong with the TV set
3. Which of the following is NOT TRUE?
A. Huang Rong and her friend are not in the same school.
B. Huang Rong can see her friend very often now.
C. Huang Rong misses her friend very much.
D. Huang Rong’s school is half an hour’s ride from her friend’s.
4. How old is Linda’s sister?
A. 14 years old. B. 18 years old. C. 10 years old. D. 4 years old.
Task Two: Skan the following passage, then choose the best answers.
TAIWANESE magician Liu Qian has made “magic” a hot word. His
two shows for the CCTV Spring Festival Gala (春晚) left people amazed and curious.
“I enjoy seeing the surprise on people’s faces,” said 33-year-old Liu. “It’s the best reward (回报) a magician can get.”
Liu didn’t train professionally (专业地) to be a magician. He learned his tricks by himself. Liu was seven when he fell in love with magic. It was in a big store in Taiwan. The seller showed the boy a coin trick.
“You can’t imagine how I felt at that moment,” said Liu. “Being able to do magic was like having a superpower (超凡能力),the kind all kids want to have. It was just like something from Doraemon (哆啦A梦) or Superman. I decided to learn magic.”
Liu practiced hard at home to improve his magic skills until one day he was able to perform a trick before his class.
“I saw that look of surprise on everyone’s face. I knew they felt the same as I did in the store, ” said Liu, thinking back.
Liu practices just as hard today. He takes every new show seriously. It took him three years to get ready for the Gala.
Choose the best answers:
1. Liu Qian learned magic .
A. from a great magician B. without any help
C. in a magic school D. in a big store
2. Liu Qian started to learn magic because .
A. he wanted to become rich B. he was fascinated by it
C. he had a superpower D. he didn’t like schoolwork
3. Which fact about Liu Qian is NOT TRUE?
A“Magic” is a hot word today.
B. He was seven when he fell in love with magic.
C. Magic is a super power like something from Doraemon or Superman.
D. He practiced three years before he performed the tricks in the Spring Festival Gala.
4. From Liu Qian's story we can learn . .
A. how to be famous B. how to become a magician
C. practice makes perfect D. the superpower of magic
Task Three: Read the following passage, then Discuss the answers in groups .
TEN-YEAR-OLD Barack Obama was one of 0nly three black students at his school in Hawaii, US. He felt very different from most other students. White girls wanted to touch his hair.. A white boy asked him whether his father ate people.
"I lied to them that my father was a Kenyan (肯尼亚) prince (王子). But I kept asking myself who I am," said Obama.
However, 37 years later, the boy made history. On November 4, 2008 Obama became the first black president in US history.
Obama was born in 1961, to an African father and a white American woman from a small town in the US. He grew up in Indonesia (印度尼西亚) and Hawaii. This unusual background (背景) made him wonder who he was. He once turned to alcohol (酒精) to help forget this question.
With help from his friends, Obama finally turned his life around at college. His hard work made him a star at Harvard (哈佛大学). Later, he became only the third black senator (参议员) in US history.
During his race to the highest post in the US, Obama talked about his background. He called for a United States of America, rather than a white America or a black America.
"Obama's success has made Martin Luther King's dream come true. That is: A man should not be judged (判断) by the color of his skin, but by the content (内容) of his character (性格) ," wrote ABC news.
Choose the best answers:
1. Barack Obama’s father was a ( an ) .
A. African B. Kenyan prince
C. black senator in US D. white American
2. Barack Obama is now.
A. 38 B. 48 C. 58 D. 28
3. When he was a child, Obama at school.
A. was popular B. was dishonest
C. felt unhappy D. was hardworking
4.“This unusual background”refers to the fact that .
A. 10-year-old Obama was one of only three black students in his school in Hawaii
B. Obama became the first black president in US history.
C. he comes from a mixed-race family and grew up in different countries.
D. Obama became only the third black senator in US history.
5. Could you give a suitable title to the passage?
Homework:
(A) (2008 广东汕头中考题)
Every day,it is easy to see advertisements in English all around us.Look at your own bags and clothes,and at the bags and clothes of your classmates. How many different advertisements can you see which use English words?
Often bags and clothes show the name of the company that made them.This is a popular form.A special picture or symbol called a logo(标识语)is sometimes used.Logos appear on many different products(产品).They are popular because when you see a logo,it is hard to forget that product or company.
It is common to see advertisements on TV and hear them on the radio.Most advertisements are very short.Sometimes the advertisers use a short sentence which is easy for people to say and remember.Nike,for example,has a simple English sentence which is used all around the world:“Just do it.”Advertisements often use funny situations as well.It is simple to remember it.
All advertisements are designed(设计)to make people buy a product.An advertisement for a soft drink,for example,might show a group of young people who are having fun.The young people are al1 drinking the soft drink.Advertisers are saying to you,“Why don’t you buy this drink and be like these people?You can be young and modern”
You might think that advertisements are not after you,but the next time you buy a soft drink,ask yourself this question:Why am I buying this particular(特别的)product?
1.From the passage,we know that .
A.all the advertisements around us are written in English
B.many bags have the name of the company that made them
C.having soft drinks makes a person young and modern
D.advertisements are only after young people
2.A good logo is .
A.easy to remember B.a useful product
C.difficult to understand D.easy to buy
3.People are most likely to remember an advertisement that is .
A.in English B.long C.funny D.famous
4.All advertisements are designed to .
A.sell you something you don’t want B.make you young and modern
C.make you buy the product D.show you what you need to buy
5.The best title of this passage may be .
A.Advertisements for Bags and Clothes B.Advertisements on TV and Radio
C.Advertisements About Sports D.Advertisements Around Us
(B) (2008 浙江丽水中考题)
In every country, there are thousands of people who want to help out. Many join organizations run (管理) by their governments, for example, the Peace Corps in the United States and Voluntary Service Overseas in Britain. Since the powerful (猛烈的) earthquake took place in Sichuan, more than 200 thousand volunteers across China have been helping there! They do all kinds of work or come up with ways to help improve life. Some offer their professional skills for free. Others have no qualifications (资历), but they love to work hard to help.
One of the most famous volunteers in the world was Mother Teresa. She could be the best volunteer because she gave her life to helping the poorest people of Calcutta. She helped the homeless, cared for the sick, gave out food, and became the mother of those without families.
Now more and more teenagers actively look for volunteering opportunities, too. They volunteer because they think it will be fun or they will learn something. They also like the idea of being helpful to others, even if it is just handing out books for the teacher. As they get older, these reasons are still the same, but there are other important reasons for volunteering such as learning on-the-job, getting work experience, and improving their social life.
All volunteers bring joy to the people they help in so many ways. They might read books to the blind, fix up broken homes, find ways to get water for villages. Could you be a volunteer? What kind of volunteer work could you do? There is someone in the world who needs you.
6. The Peace Corps is in the United States.
A. a city B. an organization C. a volunteer D. a school
7. The word those in the passage means .
A. the homeless B. the sick C. the poor D. the kids
8. What is NOT the reason for teenagers to be volunteers according to the passage?
A. They want to make more friends. B. They want to be helpful.
C. It helps them get work experience. D. It can improve their social life.
9. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. Volunteers need qualifications. B. Volunteers offer their help without any pay.
C. Young kids can’t be volunteers. D. Some volunteers bring joy to others.
10. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. The world needs volunteers. B. Mother Teresa was a great volunteer.
C. Volunteers do all kinds of work. D. There are different ways of volunteering.