Module 1 British and American English
一、基础知识
单词
1. I know he is not English because he speaks with a foreign a_______.
2. It's o________ that he hasn't read the book because he knows nothing about it.
3. We q________ up for half an hour to get into the cinema.
4. He made an _________to pass the exam, but it was too difficult.(尝试)
5.The children were excited by the _______that they could have an extra holiday.(通知)
6. Don't _______this paragraph when you write your report.( 省略)
7. I don't like to always eat the same food. I like v___________.
8. Keep the dictionary on your desk for your r_____________.
9. These two books d_________ in color---one is red, one is blue.
10.The committee p__________ _its final report to parliament in June.
11. C________ your answers with those at the back of the book to see if they are right.
12. He was ___________upon the subject when I came into the room .(评论)
13. There is a faraway ________in his eyes, so I don't like the ________of him.(神情,样子)
14.Child as he is, he is always c_____ enough to get what he wanted.
15.What he said was quite c__________, so I was confused with his words.
短语、句型
1.排队________________ 2.与…相似________________ 3.轻触按钮________________
4. 对…大惊小怪________________ 5. 几个,三两个________________ 6. 偶然学会________________ 7. 消退,消逝 ________________ 8. 同意,支持________________
9. 称…为…________________ 10. 幸亏,多亏 ________________
11.We __________________________ with America nowadays except language.(的确和…一切都相同)
12. It doesn’t ___________________________whether the English teachers speak British English or American English.( 没有太大影响)
13.The other two areas ___________________ are spelling and pronunciation.( 这两种变体的不同之处)
14. A Londoner _________________ a Scotsman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker.( 比听懂…说话更难)
15. After all, there is probably as much variation of pronunciation within the two countries as between them. .(Paraphrase the sentence)
16. Many factors have influenced American pronunciation since the first setters arrived four hundred years ago. .(Paraphrase the sentence)
17.It also led to lots of American words and structures passing into British English. (Translate the sentence)
18. By the 1850s it was selling one million copies a year, making it one of the most popular school books ever. (Translate the sentence)
____________________________________________________________________________
用以上的短语、句型造句。
1. ________________________________________________.
2. __________________________________________________.
3. __________________________________________________.
4. __________________________________________________.
5. __________________________________________________.
语法. 一般现在时:(present tense);现在进行时( present continuous tense ) ;现在完成时: (present perfect tense)
1.--- You are drinking too much.
--- Only at home. No one ____(看见) me but you.
2. Matter ______(存在)in three states.
3.I ______(帮助)you a lot. Why don’t you help me now?
4. Hurry up! The train_______(就要开了).
5.They _________(打算见面)at the school gate tomorrow morning.
用以上语法结构造句。
1. __________________________________________________.
2. __________________________________________________.
二、知识拓展
词、短语的拓展与延伸
1.confusing vt. 搅乱;把…弄糊涂
They asked me so many questions that they confused me.
vt. 混淆;混同
My Chinese and English books are confused together.
confused adj. 困惑[于…]的,张惶的,慌乱的[at, by]
I was confused by her sudden anger.
confusing adj. 难以理解的,不清楚的
The instructions on the box are very confusing.
2. have something /anything/ much / little….in common (with…): share sth with sb else
John and I have nothing in common in character though we are close friends.
In common with everyone else I hold that children should form good habits.
3. thanks to由于;多亏
It was thanks to John that we won the game.
多亏约翰,我们才赢了这场比赛。
I stopped the car very quickly thanks to the good brakes.
由于闸好,我很快煞住了汽车.
4.compare…..with/to 与…相比, 把….比作
e.g. The poet compares his lover to a rose in his poems
Living in a town can't compare with living in the country in many respects.
5. differ vi. to be different in nature, character, type, etc.
The two squares differ in color but not in size.
Their house differs from ours in having no garage.
6. in favor of: for; agreeing; on the side of or in support of…
Are you in favor of the teacher’s new method in English teaching?
The committee came out in favor of the minister’s proposals.
7. make a /mush/ any/ no/ the slightest difference有/没有/有些/有许多…. 作用,影响,关系
It doesn’t make any difference to me whether you go or stay.
When you are learning to drive, having a good teacher makes a big difference.
It doesn’t make much difference on which day we hold the meeting.
8. have some /much / any/ no difficulty / trouble (in) doing sth. 作某事费劲/有麻烦
Do you have any difficulty /trouble (in)finding my house?
The students who only think of themselves have difficulty in getting on with others.
句型的拓展与延伸
make it +adj. + for sb to do sth 使某人做某事变得…..Listening to music makes it possible for her to relax from working long.
His long speech made it difficult for the listeners to understand him.
三、经典例题
例1. (06上海春季,28) We _____ our new neighbors yet, so we don’t know their names.
A. don’t meet B. won’t meet C. haven’t met D. hadn’t met
答案: C
解析: 现在完成时表示过去所发生的动作或存在的状态对现在造成的影响或结果, 常与already, yet, before, recently等时间状语连用。 有时不带时间状语, 表示该动作或状态在说话前某个未加明确指出的时间发生, 目前已经完成。
例2. (05北京,29) As soon as he comes back, I’ll tell him when ______ and see him.
A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D. do you come
答案: A
解析: 根据所提供的情景 As soon as he comes back 可判断出要用一般将来时,表示将要发生的动作。 when 引导宾语从句, 在宾语从句中要用陈述句的语序, 即主语在先, 谓语在后。因此, 由肯定疑问句变来的宾语从句要除去助动词do, does, did。 will 要放在主语后面.。
例3. (2005辽宁,33) Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which ____ the Pacific, and we met no storms.
A. was called B. is called C. had been called D. has been called
答案: B
解析: 虽然去航海发生在过去, 但是,海的名称不会随时间变化, 所以要用一般现在时。
例4. (2004浙江,34) Because the shop ____ all the T-shirts are sold at half price.
A. has closed down B. closed down C. is closing down D. had closed down
答案: C
解析: 现在进行时有时可表示将要发生的事, 特别是在计划中即将发生的事。
根据下文 all the T-shirts are sold at half price可判断出商店即将关门。
四、能力训练
I.单项填空
从 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1.Little Tom has some difficulty _______ learning how to speak.
A. on B. at C. with D. in
2. We can see a great many people on the playground. Some are standing still_______ others are walking about.
A. where B. when C. while D. but
3. We are eager to know about the differences _______ American English_____ British English.
A. together, with B. between, and C. from, to D. among, and
4. --- Where would you like to have your dinner, in the restaurant or at home?
--- It _______ to me.
A. is not different B. makes not a difference
C. is not a difference D. makes no difference
5. ---Is this raincoat yours?
---No, mine______ there behind the door.
A. is hanging B. has hung C. hangs D. hung
6. ---Nancy is not coming tonight.
---But she______.
A. promises B. promised C. will promise D. had promised
7. The price ______,but I doubt whether it will remain so.
went down B. will go down C. has gone down D. was going down
8. -----You have left the light on.
-----Oh, so I have. _______ and turn it off.
A. I’ll go B. I’ve gone C. I go D. I’m going
9. I’ve won a holiday for two to Florida. I ______ my mum.
A. am taking B. have taken C. take D. will have taken
10.I work in a business _________ almost everyone is waiting for a chance.
A. how B. which C. where D. that
11. She asked me ________ to build the new school.
A. how long it was taken B. how much time did it take
C. how long it had taken D. how much time it was taken
12.The doctor suggested Tom _______ at home for a week.
A stayed B. staying C. to stay D. stay
13. We will have to finish the job, _________.
A. long it takes however B. it takes however long
C. long however it takes D. however long it takes
14.In spite of the fact that the fire spread through the hotel very quickly , everyone ______ get out.
A. had to b. would C. could D. was able to
15. What surprised me was not what he said but __________ he said it.
A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which
II.完形填空
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从1~20各题所给的四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
Love Is Just a Thread
Sometimes I really doubt whether there is love between my parents. Every day they are very busy trying to earn money in order to pay the 16 tuition for my brother and me. They don’t 17 in the romantic ways that I read in books or I see on TV. My father has a bad temper; it’s easy for him to lose his temper.
One day, my mother was sewing a quilt. I 18 sat down beside her and looked at her.
“Is there any 19 between you and Dad?” I asked her in a very low voice.
My mother stopped her work and raised her head with 20 in her eyes. She didn’t answer immediately. Then she bowed her head and continued to sew the quilt.
21 at last I heard my mother say the following words:
“Susan,” she said 22 , “Look at this thread. Sometimes it appears, but most of it disappears in the quilt. The thread really makes the quilt strong and durable. If life is a 23 , then love should be a thread. It can 24 be seen anywhere or anytime, but it’s really there. Love is 25.
I listened carefully but I couldn’t understand her until the next 26 . At that time, my father suddenly got sick seriously. My mother had to stay with him in the hospital for a month. After they were 27, every day in the morning and dusk, my mother helped my father walk 28 on the country road. My father had never been so 29 . Along the country road, there were many beautiful flowers, green grass and trees. The sun gently shone through the leaves. All of these 30 the most beautiful picture in the world. The doctor had said my father would 31 in two months. But after two months he still couldn’t walk alone. We were all worried.
“Dad, how are you feeling now?” I asked him one day.
“Susan,” he said gently, “to tell you the truth, I just like 32 with your mom. I like this kind of life.” 33 his eyes, I knew he loved my mother deeply.
Once I thought love meant flowers, gifts and sweet kisses. But from this 34 , I understand that love is just a 35 in the quilt of out life. Love is inside, making life strong and warm.
16. A. expensive B. low C. cheap D. high
17. A. play B. talk C. act D. perform
18. A. silently B. carefully C. certainly D. happily
19. A. money B. love C. time D. distance
20. A. surprise B. pride C. disappointment D. satisfaction
21. A. So B. But C. And D. For
22. A. sadly B. excitedly C. regretfully D. thoughtfully
23. A. trouble B. pleasure C. quilt D. cloth
24. A. hardly B. often C. always D. ever
25. valuable B. inside C. true D. priceless
26. A. winter B. autumn C. summer D. spring
27. A. free B. back C. fine D. ready
28. A. continuously B. worriedly C. constantly D. slowly
29. A. gentle B. perfect C. pleased D. thankful
30. A. put up B. took up C. made up D. set up
31. A. run B. recover C. stand D. work
32. A. walking B. living C. sitting D. chatting
33. A. Examining B. Seeing C. Noticing D. Reading
34. A. practice B. observation C. experience D. activity
35. A. thread B. thing C. jewel D. light
III.阅读理解
A
What should you think about in trying to find your career(职业)? You are probably better at some school subjects than others. These may show strengths that you can use in your work. A boy who is good at mathematics can use that in an engineering career. A girl who spells well and likes English may be good at office work. So it is important to know the subjects you do well in at school. On the other hand, you may not have any special strong or weak subjects but your records may show a general satisfactory standard. Although not all subjects can be used directly in a job, they may have indirect value. A knowledge of history is not required for most jobs but if history is one of your good subjects you will have learned to remember facts and details. This is an ability that can be useful in many jobs.
Your school may have taught you skills, such as typing or technical drawing, which you can use in your work. You may be good at mental work or cookery and look for a job where you can improve these skills.
If you have had a part-time job on Saturdays or in the summer, think what you gained from it. If nothing else, you may have learned how to get to work on time, to follow instructions, and to get on with older workers. You may have learned to give correct change in a shop, for example. Just as important, you may become interested in a particular industry or career you see from the inside in a part-time job.
Facing your weak points is also part of knowing yourself. You may be all thumbs(拇指) when you handle tools, perhaps you are a poor speller or cannot add up a column of figures, it is better to face any weakness than to pretend they do not exist. Your school record, for example, may not be too good, yet it is an important part of your background. You should not be apologetic about it but instead, recognize that you will have a chance of a fresh start at work.
36. Which of the following best sums up the first paragraph?
A. Using school performance to help to choose a career.
B. The importance of doing well at school.
C. The importance of being good at all subjects.
D. The direct value of school work.
37. The writer thinks that for a student to have a part-time job is probably _____.
A. a waste of time that could have been spent on study
B. helpful for his future work
C. a good way to make money
D. a good way to find out his weak points
38. According to the passage, if a student’s school record is not good, he _____.
A. will be a complete failure in his future work
B. will not be able to find a suitable job
C. will regret not having worked harder at school
D. may do well in his future work, too
39. The whole passage centers on _______.
A. picking out one’s strong and weak points
B. requiring knowledge by working hard at school
C. choosing a career according to what one is good at
D. developing one’s useful abilities through school work
B
People are making more and more demands on the world’s natural resources. If babies born in 1991 live for eighty years, the human population of the world may be anything from twice to three times the present total by 2070. In other words, they will have to share what is left of the earth’s resources with 15 billion other people. But hopefully there will be an important decrease in the growth of population. What if this does not happen? The answer is that by the time before the babies born in 1991 reach the age of 40 they could be sharing resources with as many as 10 billion other people.
Limiting the pollution of water and the atmosphere, controlling the output of the chemicals that may be causing the global warming and climate change, and eating less meat may go some help, but can anyone seriously imagine that these are going to solve the problems of the “baby class” of 1991?
There is no getting away from the fact that people are responsible for the present state of the world, and only people can solve the problems. The decisions have to be taken by people as members of national and local governments; as leaders and decision-makers in industry; as scientists and technologists; as professional engineers and designers; as religious leaders and individual citizens.
40. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
A. Making More Demands on the Natural Resources.
B. Limiting the Pollution of Air and Water.
C. Reducing the Word Population.
D. Saving the Babies of 1991.
41. What does the author mean by “the problems of the baby class of 1991”?
A. A large number of babies will be born after 1991.
B. Babies born in 1991 won’t live a long life.
C. The children of 1991 are not given good education.
D. The problems caused by babies born in 1991.
42. This short passage is probably taken from ______.
A. a news report B. a guide to the world
C. an article by a medical worker D. a government report
43. Which of the following is not mentioned in the last paragraph as people responsible for the present state of the world?
A. Officials B. Industrialists C. Businessmen D. Scientists
IV. 书面表达
假定你是北京英才中学的玲玲,想去美国加州大学学习美国文学,现在美国加州大学要求你用英语写一封申请信。要点应包括:
1.姓名、性别、年龄
2.学习经历及英语水平;
3. 兴趣、爱好、学习目的及打算。
(字数120---150)
答案
Module 1
一.基础知识
单词
1.accent; 2.obvious; 3.queued; 4.attempt; 5.announcement; 6.variety;7.omit; 8.reference; 9.differ; 10.presented; 11.Compare; 12.remarking;13. look, look; 14.cute;15. confusing
短语、句型
1.stand in line/queue up; 2.be similar to; 3.at the flick of a switch; 4.make a fuss of; 5.a couple of; 6.pick up; 7.wear off;8. in favor of ; 9.refer to… as; 10.thanks to
11.have really everything in common
12. make much of a difference
13. in which the two varieties differ
14. has more difficulty in understanding
语法1. sees 2. exists 3. have helped 4. is starting. 5. are going to meet
四、能力训练
I.单项填空
1.D 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.A 9.A 10.C 11.C 12.D 13.D 14.D 15.A
II.完形填空
16.D 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. A 21. B 22. D23. C 24. A 25. B 26.D 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. A
III.阅读理解
36.A 37.B 38.D 39.C 40.C 41.D 42.A 43.C
IV. 书面表达
Dear Sir or Madam,
My name is Ling Ling. I’m a girl student of eighteen in Beijing Yingcai Senior High School now. At six, I began to study at primary school and six years later, I went to junior high school. Now I have been studying here for three years and always doing well in all my subjects. I like English best, so I often practice English with Mr. Brown, my English teacher from America. I’m so good at English that I have won many prizes in English competitions. Now having read Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain as well as The Old Man And The Sea by Hemingway in original, I find myself interested in American literature and hope to be admitted to advance my study of American literature at your university. Thank you!
Yours,
Ling Ling
ourselves.