非谓语动词

课件26张PPT。非谓语动词英语中考总复习正安县乐俭中学赵本勤2009年4月2日非谓语动词动词不定式动名词动词不定式基本形式及特点用法注意事项返回主页一、基本形式：二、特点： 返回没有人称和数的变化，在句中可以担任除谓语以外的任何成分。“to+动词原形 ”如：to read, to eat, to drink 如：let sb. read, hear sb. do sth.有时可以不带 to三 、用法 ：1、作主语 To learn a foreign language is not easy . = It is not easy to learn a foreign language.不定式短语作主语如果太长，常用IT作形式主语，将不定式后置。动词不定式作主语时，句子的谓语动词常用单数。[考例]—What do you think of tomorrow’s football match?
—____ difficult for us ____ the match. A. We’re; to win B. We’re; wining C. It’s; to win D. It’s; wining [解析]本题句意是“对于我们来说，赢得这场比赛很困难。”“It is +adj.+for sb. to do sth.”是一种常用句式，其中it是形式主语，不定式短语作真正的主语。C返回[考例] It _____ Yang Liwei about 21 hours ___ the earth 14 times in his spaceship.

A. spent; circling B. took; traveling
C. spent; to travel D. took; to circle D[解析] spend主语只能是人，”It took sb. Some time to do sth.”意为“花费某人多少时间做某事。”是一个固定句式。返回2、作表语 如：The important thing is to finish the work on time . My work is to clean the room every day.My dream is to be a doctor. 通常情况下，句子中的表语是由名词或形容词来担任。
He is a student.
He is kind.返回动词 + to do常见动词有： agree,decide ,fail, hope, wish , want, plan, seem, appear，happen，expect，promise, decide, afford, manage, be said to, would like to等3、作宾语[考例]I hope ___ a good job in a foreign company arter I gradute ____ school.A. To find; from B.finding,from C.to find;at D.finding; at.[解析]hope后面只能接带to不定式作宾语，不能接动名词作宾语。“从……毕业”英语中用gradute from. A返回动词+疑问词 + to do I don’t know what to do .[注意] “疑问词+不定式”做宾语和宾语补足语时，常与下列动词连用：know, show, teach, tell, find out, learn, decide, forget等。—We can see QQ to talk with each other online.
—Good! Will you please show me ____ it?
What to use B. how to use
C. When to use D.where to use[解析]此题考查“连接词+不定式”结构在句中作定语补足语的用法。连接词who, how, what, which, where, when等都可接带to的不定式构成一个不定短语，作主语、宾语、表语或补足语等。此题use后有宾语it，不能用what。根据意思，应为请告诉我怎样使用它？B返回动词 + 宾语 +to do Li Mei asked me to show her the new dictionary .类似结构的动词有: tell,wish, ask, want , hate, prefer,invite,warn, allow,encourage,advise 等。4. 作宾补:My mother often tells me ____ my classmates when they want.
A. help B. to help C. helping D. helps[解析]tell后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，构成:tell sb. to do sth. 短语。B返回动词 + 宾语 + do(不带 to 的不定式)[ 注] 常见的感官动词有:see, hear, feel, watch,observe, notice；
常见的使役动词 :have ,make,let.4. 作宾补:[考例] My sister doesn’t like the dress. She thinks it makes her _____ fat.
A. Look B. looks C. to look D. looked[解析]make在此是使役动词，其后的宾语补足语应使用省to的不定式。A返回5、作状语可以表目的、表结果、表原因[考例] The sick woman is _____ weak ___ look after herself.
A. too, to B. so that C. very, to D. so, to[解析] 此题考查too…to…结构，该结构意为“太……而不能……”不定式短语作结果状语。A返回6、作定语返回主页不定式作定语多和被修饰的名词具有“动宾关系”，即被修饰的名词是不定式动作的承受者，如果不定式是不及物动词，就要在不定式动词后面加上相应的介词。[考例]—Hi, Betty. Shall we go swimming this Sunday?
—This Sunday? I’m sorry. I have a lot of homework ____ this Sunday
A.to do B. done C. do D. to be done[解析] 根据题意，“这个星期天我有很多作业要做。”可知应用不定式短语作定语。做作业是“我”发出的动作。应使用不定式的主动形式。A必须后置注意： 在学习动词不定式的时候还有两点要注意哦！1、在感官动词和使役动词后作宾补时，不定式可省略to,但以上词变为被动语态时，要加上to, 如I always saw her play violin .He was made to work 12hours a day.She always was seen to play violin by me.返回2、动词不定式的否定形式为：
not + to doMr.Smith asked the boy ___________(not play) this kind of game. not to playPlease have him __________(not do) so much housework. not do返回主页动名词基本形式及特征用法注意返回主页一、基本形式二、特点动词原形 + ing 1、具有名词、动词的一些特征。2、有时态和语态的变化返回主页三、用法1、作主语Picking apples is much better than having classes.2、作宾语（1）只能接动名词做宾语的动词有:miss, finish, mind, keep, practice, enjoy, 等。返回主页[考例]—How can I improve my spoken English.
—You have to practise____ as much as you can.
A. Speak B. speaking C. spoken D. to speakB作宾语（2）只能接动名词做宾语的动词短语有：look forward to, feel like,be busy, do well in,be worth,be good at,keep on, go on等。返回主页A[考例1] Mr. Green kept on _____ the players ______ teamwork.
A.asking;to remember B.asking;remembering
C.To ask;remembering D.to ask;to remember[考例2] It’s true that every student ____ to having a good future.
A. Hopes B.look forward C.wishes D.wantsB（3）既可接动词不定式又可接动名词作宾语的动词有两类：返回主页[考例] We have worked for three hours. Now let’s stop _____ a rest.
A. Had B.have C.to have D.having[解析] 根据句意“我们已经工作了3个小时了，现在我们停下来休息一会。”可知，应使用stop to do.C动名词3、作表语His favorite sport is playing basketball . 4、作定语 动名词作定语多表示被修饰的名词所起的作用或用途。一般可改写为含有“for+动名词”或含有“for+动名词”的定语从句。返回主页 a swimming pool=a pool for swimming 或 a pool which is used for swimming注意两点1、动名词的复合结构为：名词所有格形容词性物主代词+ 动名词c返回主页2、动名词的习惯用语：a. It’s no use doing sth. b. can’t help doing sth.c. feel like doing sth.d. be busy doing sth.e. No doing返回主页HAVE A TEST1.Would you mind ____________ your radio a little?　A.turn off 　B.turning off 　C.to turn down 　D.turning down2.Don’t you remember _____________?　A.seeing the man before　B.saw the man before　C.to see the man before　D.to have seen the man before
3.People couldn’t help ____________ the foolish emperor in the procession.　A.laugh at 　B.to laugh at 　C.laughing at 　D.laughing on4.Do you remember ____________ me at a party last year?　A.meet 　B.to meet 　C.meeting 　D.met5.Go on ____________ the other exercise after you have finished this one.　A.to do 　B.doing 　C.with 　D.to be doing 返回主页HAVE A TEST1. I didn’t spend al the money _______(buy) the books.2. Do you have anything ________(say) at the meeting?3. Yesterday I saw a wallet ________(lie) on the ground .4.The man ran out ________(see) what was wrong .5. She was often heard _________(sing) in English.6. Stop ________(read), please.I’ve something to tell you .7. The boy _______(call) Li Hua in the room is his brother.buyingto saylying to see to singreadingcalled返回主页See you tommorrow