高考英语语法复习---动词时态和语态
1、 动词的分类和形式：
1、动词按其能否独立作谓语而分为：“谓语动词”和“非谓语动词”两种,非谓语动词有3种形式：to do, doing, done;
2、动词的5种基本形式：动词原形、过去式、过去分词、现在分词和第三人称单数（“三单”）
3、动词按其构成动词词组作用分为：实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词。
二、动词的时态：
1、一般现在时的用法：1）表示现在的习惯，经常发生的动作或存在的状态。2）表示主语的特征、性格和能力。3）表示客观事实或真理。4）表示按照计划安排好的将来行为。（只限于是go,come, leave, start, stop, be等开始或移动意义的词。）
时态结构：主动do / does
被动am/is/are done
2、一般过去时的用法：1）表示过去的动作或状态。2）叙述过去连续发生的事情。3）表示过去一段时间内经常发生的动作。
时态结构：主动did /v+ed
被动was/were done
3、一般将来时的用法：1）表示将来的动作或状态。2）表示将来的经常动作。
时态结构：主动will do /be going to do
被动will be done
4、现在进行时的用法：1）表示说话时正在进行的动作。2）表示现阶段正在进行的动作。（说话时动作不一定进行。）
时态结构：主动am/is/are doing
被动am/is/are being done
5、过去进行进的用法：1）过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。2）表示移动的动词：come, start, stay, leave, go等词的过去进行时可以表示过去的将来要发生的动作。3）was going to do可以表示在过去某一时间之后发生的动作。
时态结构：主动was/were doing
被动was/were being done
6、现在完成时的用法：1）表示刚刚完成的动作，常与just连用。2）表示过去发生而持续到现在的动作或状态，甚至延续到将来。常与since, for连用，但for, since不能与终止性的动词连用。3）表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
时态结构：主动have/has done
被动have/has been done
7、过去完成的用法：1）表示在过去某一或动作之前已经完成的动作。常与by, before等介词短语或一个状语从句或上下文暗示。2）表示由过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作，常和for（有时可省去）或since 构成的短语或since引导的从句连用。
时态结构：主动had done
被动had been done
8、过去将来时的用法：表示对于过去某一时刻而言将要发生的动作或存在的状态。(多用于宾语从句中，主句为过去时的结构)
时态结构：主动would do
被动would be done
9、含情态动词的时态结构:
主动 can/may/must do
被动 can/may/must be done
三.动词时态语态填空练习
1. … Ms Chen has taught (teach) me English since Junior 1, and to show my appreciation I decided to get her a present. （广州一模）
2. … I was certain she would like it because I was told (tell) by my classmates that she loved hot food. （广州一模）
3. … The exam, which was originally to be held in our classroom, was changed (change) to the library at the last minute. (广州二模)
4. I had to leave work to take him to the hospital because he had broken (break) his finger. （深二模）
5. A transit spokesman said the driver should have made (make) radio call to the control center for help. （汕头二模）
6. An official from the Ministry of Education said that China follows an educational policy that encourages (encourage) students to study abroad. （茂名二模）
7. One of them was a visitor, saying he wouldn’t have been there if he had watched (watch) the weather forecast the day before. (梅州二模)
8. We must also consider the reaction of the person receiving (receive) the gift. （广州一模）
9 … With the problem solved (solve), I felt proud of my achievement. (广州二模)
10 … I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left to complete (complete) the rest. .(广州二模)
11. Compared (compare) with the previous year, the number of students who went abroad for study was increased by 15 ,000, or a rise of 13%. （茂名二模）
12. Storms swept along New Mexico's border with Texas on Friday, destroying (destroy) homes and other buildings and injuring…(梅州二模)
13. We must practise speaking and writing (write) the language whenever we can.
14. The television viewer makes no choice and no judgment. He is completely passive and has everything presented (present) to him without any effort on his part. （东莞一模）
15. She had a shock when she heard the news, didn’t she
16. It is high time you were in bed now.(be)
17.Our teacher told us that the earth turns around the sun.(turn)
Keys: 1. has taught / has been teaching /had taught /had been teaching 2. was told/ had been told 3. was changed 4. had broken 5. was being taken 6. have made
7. encourages 8. had watched 9. receiving 10. solved 11. to complete
12. placed pared 14. destroying 15. writing 16. to writing 17. presented
四．语法填空练习
(1)
Many Chinese believe 1) eating (eat) pig brains will increase their intelligence and some Americans regularly eat 2)uncooked (cook) eggs to keep their minds sharp. However, doctor don’t recommend 4) to eat (eat) either raw eggs or animal brains. Then, what food is good for your brain Scientists 5) have found (find) a relationship between diet and a healthy brain. Generally 6) speaking (speak), fish is a brain food. Besides fish, you should introduce lots of dark green leafy vegetables and colorful fruits into your diet because most people lack the special vitamins 7) that/which these brain food provide. If you eat brain foods 8)regularly (regular), they can increase brain power ---help you pay attention, keep you 9)motivated (motivate), improve your memory and 10）lessen ( less) stress from studies. Then you can do much better in your test.
(2)
Two summers ago I 1) went （go）to Changdao, a small island near Yantai. During the night, I heard strange baby-like 2)crying (cry). Islanders told me it was stray(迷路的；离群的) cats that 3) were calling (call )in the wild. Well, it was strange to me to see so many stray cats on such a small island. So I asked the locals for more detail. Then they told me a 4) surprising (surprise) and sad story. The island 5) is located (locate) in the sea and originally had no cats. Ten years ago, when the island 6)was developed (develop) into a national park, tourists began to swarm in. These visitors from all parts of country brought in money, but the rubbish they left 7) drew (draw) more and more rats onto the island. Islanders therefore introduced the cats 8) to get (get) rid of the rats. But when the number of rats decreased, the number of cats increased, and the cats began to prey on birds, chickens, and fish. For more than a month after that, my mind 9) was haunted (haunt回响) by the plaintive crying. So now, wherever I travel, always bear in mind what I should bring in, because I don’t want to bring anything that is strange,10) unneeded (need) or even dangerous to my destination.
（3）
I work at a big city bank. I do (1) the same thing every day. Most people hate that kind of work (2) but I actually like it. I can daydream and daydream for almost 40 hours a week. Don’t
(3)misunderstand (understand)! My job isn’t always easy. Maybe it requires (4)less concentration than other jobs, but it requires more (5)organization (organize). I have to be ready for work when the bank opens at 9 every day. Before opening my cage window, I put the cash in (6)my drawer then I make sure that the audio system is working. After (7)checking (check) the machine, I sit at my window, ready for work and for daydreaming. People come and go, most of them deposit checks or withdraw money from their (8)savings (save) account. (9)Occasionally (occasion), customer requires special help from me. At these times I have to stop daydreaming and concentrate. But usually the work is easy-automatic. Most people think the work is dull. “You must be crazy,” they say. But I am not crazy. I am only a dreamer, I really enjoy (10)daydreaming (daydream).(NMET上海听力)高考英语语法复习---动词时态和语态
1、 动词的分类和形式：
1、动词按其能否独立作谓语而分为：“谓语动词”和“非谓语动词”两种,非谓语动词有3种形式：to do, doing, done;
2、动词的5种基本形式：动词原形、过去式、过去分词、现在分词和第三人称单数（“三单”）
3、动词按其构成动词词组作用分为：实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词。
二、动词的时态：
1、一般现在时的用法：1）表示现在的习惯，经常发生的动作或存在的状态。2）表示主语的特征、性格和能力。3）表示客观事实或真理。4）表示按照计划安排好的将来行为。（只限于是go,come, leave, start, stop, be等开始或移动意义的词。）
时态结构：主动do / does
被动am/is/are done
2、一般过去时的用法：1）表示过去的动作或状态。2）叙述过去连续发生的事情。3）表示过去一段时间内经常发生的动作。
时态结构：主动did /v+ed
被动was/were done
3、一般将来时的用法：1）表示将来的动作或状态。2）表示将来的经常动作。
时态结构：主动will do /be going to do
被动will be done
4、现在进行时的用法：1）表示说话时正在进行的动作。2）表示现阶段正在进行的动作。（说话时动作不一定进行。）
时态结构：主动am/is/are doing
被动am/is/are being done
5、过去进行进的用法：1）过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。2）表示移动的动词：come, start, stay, leave, go等词的过去进行时可以表示过去的将来要发生的动作。3）was going to do可以表示在过去某一时间之后发生的动作。
时态结构：主动was/were doing
被动was/were being done
6、现在完成时的用法：1）表示刚刚完成的动作，常与just连用。2）表示过去发生而持续到现在的动作或状态，甚至延续到将来。常与since, for连用，但for, since不能与终止性的动词连用。3）表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
时态结构：主动have/has done
被动have/has been done
7、过去完成的用法：1）表示在过去某一或动作之前已经完成的动作。常与by, before等介词短语或一个状语从句或上下文暗示。2）表示由过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作，常和for（有时可省去）或since 构成的短语或since引导的从句连用。
时态结构：主动had done
被动had been done
8、过去将来时的用法：表示对于过去某一时刻而言将要发生的动作或存在的状态。(多用于宾语从句中，主句为过去时的结构)
时态结构：主动would do
被动would be done
9、含情态动词的时态结构:
主动 can/may/must do
被动 can/may/must be done
三.动词时态语态填空练习
1. … Ms Chen (teach) me English since Junior 1, and to show my appreciation I decided to get her a present. （广州一模）
2. … I was certain she would like it because I (tell) by my classmates that she loved hot food. （广州一模）
3. … The exam, which was originally to be held in our classroom, ______________ (change) to the library at the last minute. (广州二模)
4. I had to leave work to take him to the hospital because he __________ (break) his finger. （深二模）
5. A transit spokesman said the driver should (make) radio call to the control center for help. （汕头二模）
6. An official from the Ministry of Education said that China follows an educational policy that (encourage) students to study abroad. （茂名二模）
7. One of them was a visitor, saying he wouldn’t have been there if he ______ (watch) the weather forecast the day before. (梅州二模)
8. We must also consider the reaction of the person __________(receive) the gift. （广州一模）
9 … With the problem (solve), I felt proud of my achievement. (广州二模)
10 … I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left_________ (complete) the rest. .(广州二模)
11. (compare) with the previous year, the number of students who went abroad for study was increased by 15 ,000, or a rise of 13%. （茂名二模）
12. Storms swept along New Mexico's border with Texas on Friday, ______(destroy) homes and other buildings and injuring…(梅州二模)
13. We must practise speaking and ______________(write) the language whenever we can.
14. The television viewer makes no choice and no judgment. He is completely passive and has everything ______ (present) to him without any effort on his part. （东莞一模）
15. She had a shock when she heard the news, _________
16. It is high time you _________ in bed now.(be)
17. Our teacher told us that the earth __________ around the sun.(turn)
四．语法填空练习
( 1 )
Many Chinese believe 1 (eat) pig brains will increase their intelligence and some Americans regularly eat 2 (cook) eggs to keep their minds sharp. However, doctor don’t recommend_3_________(eat) either raw eggs or animal brains. Then, what food is good for your brain Scientists 4_____________(find) a relationship between diet and a healthy brain. Generally __5__________(speak), fish is a brain food. Besides fish, you should introduce lots of dark green leafy vegetables and colorful fruits into your diet because most people 6___________ the special vitamins that these brain food 7____________. If you eat brain foods 8 (regular), they can increase brain power ---help you pay attention, keep you 9_________(motivate), improve your memory and 10 ( less) stress from studies. Then you can do much better in your test.
（2）
Two summers ago I ___1_____（go） to Changdao, a small island near Yantai. During the night, I heard strange baby-like ___2______(cry). Islanders told me it was stray(迷路的；离群的) cats that __3__________(call) in the wild. Well, it was strange to me to see so many stray cats on such a small island. So I asked the locals for more detail. Then they told me a __4________________(surprise) and sad story. The island ___5__________(locate) in the sea and originally had no cats. Ten years ago, when the island ___6_____________(develop) into a national park, tourists began to swarm in. These visitors from all parts of country brought in money, but the rubbish they left __7_____________(draw) more and more rats onto the island. Islanders therefore introduced the cats __8______________(get) rid of the rats. But when the number of rats decreased, the number of cats increased, and the cats began to prey on birds, chickens, and fish. For more than a month after that, my mind __9_____________(haunt回响) by the plaintive crying. So now, wherever I travel, always hear in mind what I should bring in, because I don’t want to bring anything that is strange, _10______________(need) or even dangerous to my destination.
（3）
I work at a big city bank. I do (1)_______ same thing every day. Most people hate that kind of work (2)_______ I actually like it. I can daydream and daydream for almost 40 hours a week. Don’t (3)___________(understand)! My job isn’t always easy. Maybe it requires (4)__________ concentration than other jobs, but it requires more (5)___________(organize). I have to be ready for work when the bank opens at 9 every day. Before opening my cage window, I put the cash in (6)________ drawer then I make sure that the audio system is working. After (7)________(check) the machine, I sit at my window, ready for work and for daydreaming. People come and go, most of them deposit checks or withdraw money from their (8)_________(save) account. (9)____________(occasion), customer requires special help from me. At these times I have to stop daydreaming and concentrate. But usually the work is easy-automatic. Most people think the work is dull. “You must be crazy,” they say. But I am not crazy. I am only a dreamer, I really enjoy (10)___________(daydream).(NMET上海听力)
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