Unit 1 Women of achievement Period4 Grammar 主谓一致

课件36张PPT。Period4GrammarNeither Mike nor Bob ______(be)
a teacher.Bob Bob _____ (be) a worker.isMike Mike and Bob _____ (be) workers.areBoth Mike and Bob _______(be)
workers.areisBill Neither of them ___________
(know) how to teach English. knows/ knowAll of them ______(be) workers.None of them ___________
(know) how to teach English.are knows/ knowSubject-verb Agreement主谓一致Subject---Verb Agreement (主谓一致)语法一致就近原则
意义一致
就远原则 4.“主语+ 附属结构” 作主语，谓语与
主语 一致1. 主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数
形式；主语是复数形式，谓语也用
复数形式。2. 主语形式上为单数，但意义为复
数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；
或主语形式上为复数，但表示单
数意义，这时谓语动词用单数形式。3.谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，
取决于最靠近它的主语。Summarize the rules of subject-verb agreement:语法一致：1.当主语由and连结时，如果表示同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，此时and后面的名词无冠词。
如 表示不同的人或物时, 谓语动词用复数，此时and后面的名词有冠词。The worker and writer ____(be) from Wuhan.
那个工人兼作家
The worker and the writer _____(be) from Beijing.
那位工人和那位作家 isareBread and butter ___ a daily food in the West.isThe gift is used to have western meals.
What is it?a knife and forkA knife and fork___ (be) used to have meals.isa singer and dancer
The singer and dancer _____ (be) on the stage.isGoing out for a walk after supper is a good habit.
晚饭后出去散步是一个好习惯。
To see is to believe. ＝ Seeing is believing.
眼见为实。
Whether we’ll go depends on the weather.
我们是否去要取决于天气的好坏。
2.单个动词不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词常用单数。例如： 语法一致：Something ____ (has / have) gone wrong with my watch.
Anybody who _______ ( break / breaks) the rule
will be punished. 3.不定代词somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing等作主语，
谓语动词用单数形式;hasbreaks语法一致：Two pictures ______ (be) on the wall, which attract many people.
On the wall _____ (be) two pictures, which attract many people.
Their teacher ______ (stand) among the students, who is in her thirties.
Among the students _____ (stand) their teacher, who is in her thirties.4.倒装句中的语法一致arearestandsstands语法一致：5、由分数或百分数+名词作主语时，谓语动词的 形式与of 后面的名词的数一致即 分数或百分数+of+不可数名词或单数名词， 谓语动词用单数 分数或百分数+of+复数名词，谓语动词用复数Ten percent of the pupils _____ (be) absent today.
Three-fourths of the surface of the earth ____(be) sea.areis语法一致： 1.由集体名词,如class, family, the public, team, police， group, government, college，school，crowd, audience等作主语时,如果看成一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式,如果看成其中各成员，则用复数形式.
His family is very large.　他家是一个大家庭。
His family are music lovers.　他的家人都是音乐爱好者。
二、 意义一致：The group ____ (be) made up of nine students.The group____ (be) dancing happily.isareThe team ____ (have) some good players. The team ____ (be) handsome. hasare 1.The family _____ （be）very big.
The family _____ （be）very early risers.

2. This class _____ （have）eighteen girls and twenty-five boys.
This class _____ （be）very bright especially in science subjects.
3. The government ________ （be）having an important
meeting when I got there.
The government _____ （be）planning further cuts in
income tax.isarehasarewereis4. It was late，but the audience _____ （be）still entering
the hall.
The audience _____ （seem）to have enjoyed the
concert.wereseem5. The police _____ （be）an organization which protects
the public from harm.
The police _____ （be）people who catch thieves and
robbers.
6. The public _____ （be）very excited now that the concert
hall is finished.
It was unfair that the public _____ （be）not asked for
their opinions.注意：但集体名词为 people, cattle等在任何情况下
谓语 动词都用复数形式。isarearewereclothing, furniture, traffic, jewellery, baggage,equipment, luggage 等无生命的集合名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。Clothing is badly needed in this flooded area.Neither dog _____ big. ( A. is B. are )Neither of them _____ big. ( A. is B. are ) A Neither of the rabbits _____ handsome.. ( A. is B. are )A / BNeither rabbit _____ handsome. ( A. is B. are )AA / B＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿2.代词作主语意义一致：neither of
none of+ UC+可复neither + 单数名词 谓语单或复How to use none and neither谓单谓语动词用单数意义一致：None of the students is/ are from Beijing.
None of the furniture is new. none of3.表示时间、距离、金钱等复数名词作主语，表达一个整体概念时, 谓语动词则用单数形式;
Four years ______ (have) passed since I left my hometown.
One million dollars ______ (be) a great sum of money.Every means ______ been tried since then.
has B. have C. are D. is
2. No news ____ good news. (is / are)
3. Maths / physics _____ the subject that I like most. (is / are)4.以-s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义，谓语通常用单数形式，如news, maths, physics, the United States ,works等作主语, 谓语动词用单数形式;hasisisishas意义一致：e.g. ① Tom is one of the students who_____ （be）
good at playing football.
②Tom is the only one of the students who____
（be）good at playing football.areis[注意]
在“one of+复数名词+关系代词” 的结构中，定语从句中谓语动词用复数形式；但是若前有the only, 将其限定为只有一个时,谓语动词用单数形式.试比较:5.the＋adj.作主语the＋adj.,表示一类人，谓语动词用复数，如the old, the young, the rich, the poor等
the+ adj.,表示某个人或一类抽象的事物，谓语动词用单数，如the beautiful, the good等
1) The old ____ (be) taken good care of in our society.
2) The rich ____ (be) for the decision but the poor are against it.
3) The wounded ____ (be) a young boy.
4) The wounded from Iraq _____(be) taken good care of.
5) The beautiful ____ (be) not always the same as the good.arearewasis意义一致：were A or B
Not A but B
Either A or B
Neither A nor B
Not only A but also B
Verb就近原则： 我们教室里有一台电视机和56张桌子.
There is one television and 56 desks in our classroom. There are 56 desks and one television in our classroom.
存在句: There be ……. 结构 Here
There+Verb A and B A , B and C就近原则：
Not only you but also he ____ (is/are) wrong. Neither you nor he ___ (is/are) right. There ___ (is/are) two shops and a cinema beside the railway station. Here __ (is/are) a map and a handbook for you. isisareis＿＿＿＿＿_____＿就近原则：1．One or two days ____ enough to see the city．
A．is B．are
C．am D．be 2．Not the teacher，but the students ____ looking forward to seeing the film．
A．is B．are
C．am D．be3. Not only I but also Jane and Mary ____ tired of having one examination after another．
A. is B. are C．am D．be4. Neither my wife nor I myself ____ able to persuade my daughter to change her mind．
A．is B. are C．am D．be5. Either she or you_________ going to visit Beijing.
A. is B. are C．am D．be6. Many a man___ the story.　A. believes 　 B. believe
7. More than one man ___died in the accident.　A. has B. have
8. More than five men ___died in the accident.　A. has B. have AAB注意：由 every… and (every)…, each …and each… , no …and (no)… , many a …and (many a)…
连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数Every desk and every chair is made of wood.
Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake. 当主语后面跟有as well as, with , along with, together with,
rather than, but ,except, besides, ,including等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单、复数由主语的单、复数而定。1. The teacher with two students ______ (was / were) at the meeting . 2. E-mail, as well as the telephones, ________ an
important part in daily communication.A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play wasA就远原则
A
谓语动词与第一个主语A保持一致with
along with
together with
besides
but
except
including
as well as
rather thanB就远原则1．Nobody but Betty and Mary ____ late for class yesterday．
A．was B．were
C．has been D．have been
2．A woman with some children ____ soon．
A．is coming B．are coming
C．has come D．have come
3. Everything, including the clothes, ____ stolen that evening.
A. is B. was C. are D. were4．No one except my parents ____ anything about this。
A．know B．knows
C．is known D．are known
5．The teacher as well as the students ____ the book already．
A．has read B．have read
C．are reading D．is reading
6．All but one ____ in the accident．
A．was killed B．were killed
C．will be killed D．are killed 高考链接1.As a result of destroying the forests, a large _____ of desert _____ covered the land.
(上海２００１）
number; has B. quantity; has
C. number; have D. quantity; have
解析：a large number of 后面要接复数名词，所以A不能作为答案．因为desert是单数，所以要填 has．这句话的意思是“毁坏森林的结果是，大片沙漠覆盖了陆地．”答案 B2. ____ of the land in that district ____ covered with trees and grass.(上海2000)
Two fifth, is B. Two fifth, are
C. Two fifths, is D. Two fifths, are
解析: 分数的分子用基数词,分母用序数词表示.如果分子大于1, 序数词后加-s. 分数和百分比作主语时,谓语动词的形式取决于分数和百分数后面的名词.句子中的主语 land是单数,所以谓语动词要用 is covered. 答案C.3---- Each of the students, working hard at his or her lessons, ____ to go to university.
---- So do I.（全国1998）
hopes B. hope C. hoping D. do hope
解析：这句话的主语是 Each of the students，是单数，所以要 hopes 选作谓语。现在分词短语working hard at his or her lessons 作状语，表示伴随的情况。有的考生盲目地把 lessons 当成了主语，填写了hope，发生了错误。本题的译文：每一个努力学习的学生都想上大学。我也是。答案 A。4. ____ people in the world are sending information by e-mail every day.（上海2001）
A. Several million B.Many millions
C. Several millions D. Many million
解析：在Million前如果有具体的数字或 several等词时，要用单数形式。 Many一般不与 million等词连用，表示“数百万”，英语为 millions of。这句话的意思是“每天，世界上有几十万人通过 e-mail传递信息。”答案 A。
HomeworkM4U1习题十