定语从句以及在应用时注意的问题
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课件32张PPT。定 语 从 句定语从句（一）
1.?定语从句: 用来修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句.它一 般都跟在所修饰的名词或代词的后面,被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词,分为关系代词和关系副词.?
2.?引导词:
关系代词: who, whom, which, that, whose ,as（主宾表）
关系副词: when, where, why（状）
(whose作定语;whom作宾语)
人人物人/物1.The man is my teacher.
2.This is the book
3.The man is my brother.
4.I will remember the things
5.The room is mine.@
6.The girl is in my school.
7.This is the same coat .@
8.Don’t read such books
he didn’t come.
10.I still remember the day
11.The school is very beautiful.who is talking to my motherwhich is about medicinewhom I spoke to just nowwhich I saw in the schoolwhose window faces the streetwhose father works abroadas I boughtas are not interestingAs we expected,when I met her.where he works定语从句（二） ? that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that,不用which。(1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something,
anything, little, much 等不定代词时。I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.(2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等
修饰时。I’ve read all the books that are not mine. (3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。This is the first book (that) he has read.?(4)先行词被the only, the very, the last修饰时。This is the very book that I am looking for.（5）先行词既有人，又有物，引导词只用that The school and students that he visited made a deep impression (印象) on him.( 6 )Who/Which/What…..之后引导词用that,不用who或whichWho is the lady that is talking to our teacher?Which is the book that you want to read?All ______ he learned from the teachers is valuable.
You can find all the information _______ you need on the Internet.
He told me everything ______ he heard at the meeting.
Sydney is the first place ______ I visited in Australia.
This is the most amusing(惊讶的) story ______ I have read.
The only information _____ I got is his address.
This is the very moment ______ can decide your future.
?I’ll never forget the beautiful village and the kind villagers _____ I visited the summer holiday.
Who is the man ______is standing by the window?thatthatthatthatthatthatthatthatthat1.非限制性定语从句
He came late again, which made me angry.
2.关系词前有介词
This is the room in which Chairman once lived.
3.一个句子中含有两个定从，一个关系代词用that,另一个用which
Let me show you the book that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.定语从句（三）只用which ,不用that1.先行词one ,ones, anyone, 指代人
The person I want to learn from is one who studies hard.
2.There be
There is a gentleman who wants to see you
3.先行词在被分割的定语从句中
I met a foreigner in the park yesterday who can speak Chinese well
4.一个句子中两个定从，一个用that,另一个who
The man that was praised at the meeting is the monitor who is very modest.
定语从句（四）修饰人只用who ,不用that定语从句（五）引导词在从句中作主语时，从句中谓语动词的单复数与所修饰的先行词保持一致。
This is the girl who _________(practise) the piano every day.
He has a daughter who _____(be) very pretty.
He had two daughters who _______(be) beautiful.
practisesiswere1.One of 结构中：
Tom is one of the boys who were late.
Tom is the (only/the only) of the boys who was late.
2. I ,who _____ fond of music ,decide to major in music at college.am定语从句（六） 引导词在从句中做宾语，可以省略。
Your friend (____________ studies in Beijing University )came to see you yesterday.
He is the man(___________________you have been waiting for.)
The necklace (_____________ Mary borrowed from her friend) was made of glass.
The book (that I borrowed it from the library) is well written.
The watch I gave it to her works well.who /thatwho/that /whom/—which/that/—//定语从句（七） 关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语时，可以把介词提前，介词 + which/whom
The man __________you talked to is a famous actor.
The man to ______you talked is a famous actor.
The book __________________I heard about was written ten years ago.
The book about ________I heard was written ten years ago.
whom/who/that/---whomwhich/that/----which1.Do you know the student _______?
A.whom I often talk B.with who I often talk
C.I often talk with D.that I often talk
2.Can you tell me the book______the other day?
A.you talked about B.about that you talked about
C.that you talked D.which you talkedCA定语从句（八）当先行词为时间、地点名词，且从句中缺少时间、地点状语，用关系副词when, where引导从句。
当先行词为reason, 且从句中缺少原因状语，用关系副词why 引导从句
I still remember the day _____I first came to Ji xi.whenI’ll never forget the time _______we worked on the farm.whenThis is the house ______we lived last year.whereThe factory ______his father works is in the west of the city.whereThis was the reason______I was late.whyTell the difference between them.
This is the factory( _____________ makes shoes.)
This is the factory( ______ his father works.)
This is the factory (_____________ we visited yesterday.)
?
The day( ____________ I will never forget )is January 30th.
I can not forget the day (________ I joined the party).#
?
Please tell me the reason( _______you are late.)
He has told me the reason( _____________ can explain his absence(缺席) from the meeting. )
The reason (______________he told us) was not true. # which/thatwherewhich/that/---which/that/--whenwhywhich/thatwhich/that /---定语从句（九）1.关系副词when 和where引导的定语从句中，when和where 可以用介词+which 来代替，介词要根据与先行词的关系来确定。
He will remember the years ________________he studied at college.when/in whichThis is the farm _______________my father used to work.where/on which2.关系副词why引导的定语从句中,why 可以用for+which 来代替Do you know the reason why/ for which he was late?1.Is this the hospital_______he worked ten years ago?
A.that B. which C.in which D.in where
2.His uncle works in a factory______bicycles are made.
A that B.which C.where D.in that
3.The Second World War _____millions of people were killed ended in 1945.
A during which B.in that C.where D.on whichCCA定语从句（十）whose 引导的定语从句形式为:whose +名词,表示所属关系,即 某人的…..或某物的……….,如
.Do you know the boy whose father is a scientist?
.There are many trees whose leaves have fallen because of disease.
.The girl whose dress is red is my sister.
表示所属关系时,介词用of, 关系代词为which /whom, 即the+名词+of+ which/whom, 可转换为whose+名词.
He lives in a room, the window of which faces west.
He lives in a room, of which the window faces west.
………………….., whose window faces west.
The child was saved by a man, the name of whom was not known.
The child was saved by a man, of whom the name was not known.
……………………………….,whose name was not known.
定语从句（十一） as引导的定语从句as引导定语从句通常用在一些固定的句型中,如:
the same …..as…., such…..as…., as we expected,
as we all know, as he realized, as is necessary
as is often the case, as we all can see ,as is mentioned等.
1.This is the same watch as I lost.
2. Don’t read such books as are not useful.
3.As we expected, he didn’t come.
1.As we all know , the earth is round.
2.As is mentioned above, smoking is bad for our health.
3.You have made the same mistake as you made last time.
4.As is known to everyone, the moon travels round the earth every month.
5.As is often the case, he wins the first in the examination.The policeman ______ reported the accident thinks it was Tom’s fault.
The man ______ I saw told me to come back today.
The friend with _____ I was traveling could speak French.
The film is about a man _____ wife is a film star
This is the picture _____ made me think of my childhood.
The house _____ windows face the south belongs to the Johns.
They are talking about the things and persons _____ they saw on the island.
My hometown is not such a place _____ it used to be ten years ago.
The boy ____ I thought was honest is actually a liar.(说谎者）
who/thatwho/that /whom/---whomwhosewhich/thatwhosethataswho/that定语从句（十二）介词+关系代词 (介词的选择)用于这种情况的关系代词一般为which (指物)和 whom(指人)
1.根据从句中动词短语来确定.
This is the car for which you paid a high price. (pay for)
The man with whom you shook hands just now is Tom.
(shake hands with sb)
2.根据先行词确定. when, where, why= 介词＋关系代词。
.I’ll never forget the day on which （= when ）I joined the army.
.The factory in which （= where）his father works is far away from my hometown.
.I don’t know the reason for which （＝why）he was late for school.
.This is the camera with which he often takes photos.
3.表示所属关系时,介词用of, 即the+名词+of+ which/whom,=whose+名词.
He lives in a room, the window of which faces west.
He lives in a room, of which the window faces west.
………………….., whose window faces west.
The child was saved by a man, the name of whom was not known.
The child was saved by a man, of whom the name was not known.
……………………………….,whose name was not known.
4.表示整体中的一部分或……中最……的，介词一般也用of。both/all/ some /分数/名词+ of + whom/which
The Greens have two daughters, both of whom are college students.
China has many rivers, the longest of which is the Yangtze River. $
5.据句子的意思确定介词。
This is the pilot(飞行员) for whom I bought a camera.
This is the pilot with whom my brother has worked for ten years.
This is the pilot by whom my son was savedPeter _________ I played tennis on Sundays was fatter than I.
His house ___________ he paid $10,000 ten years ago is now worth $30,000.
I lost my glasses _____________ I could see nothing.
There is a big tree _____________ some people are sitting and chatting.
They collected much money ____________ they could help the disabled.
Yesterday we visited the Century Park ___________ there are many pigeons.
You can get off at the next stop ____________ you can change for the No.10 bus.
There is the plane __________ I came to Shanghai.with whomfor whichwithout whichunder whichwith whichin whichat whichon which1.He built a telescope____he could study the sky.
A in which B.with that C.through which D.by it
2.I have two pens,_______writes well.
A.None of which B.neither of which
C.none of them D.neither of them
3.That tree, the branches(树枝)＿＿are almost bare(秃的)，is very old.
A.whose B.of which C.in which D.on which
4.The train _____he was trvelling was 10 minutes late.
A.which B.on which C.for which D.on that
5.This is the film____ I am interested.
A. in which B at which C. in that D. on whichCBBBA1.He built a telescope____he could study the sky.
A in which B.with that C.through which D.by it
2.I have two pens,_______writes well.
A.None of which B.neither of which
C.none of them D.neither of them
3.That tree, the branches(树枝)＿＿are almost bare(秃的)，is very old.
A.whose B.of which C.in which D.on which
4.The train _____he was trvelling was 10 minutes late.
A.which B.on which C.for which D.on that
5.This is the film____ I am interested.
A. in which B at which C. in that D. on whichCBBBA1. The Greens have two daughters, both of whom are college students.
2. The Greens have two daughters, and both of _____ are college students.
3. The Greens have two daughters. Both of _____ are college %.
themthem定语从句（十三）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
1从形式上来说，非与主句之间有逗号分开。
2 从引导词来看，非修饰人和物均不能用that
3 从与主句的关系来看，非是先行词的附加说明，如省略，主句意思不受影响，限与先行词的关系密切，是先行词不可缺少的成分，不能省，去掉，影响全句的意思。
The school, which is far from your home, is a good one.
Here is a book which tells about the Chinese.
He arrived half an hour late, which made us unhappy.
代指school 代指整个句子Professor Wang, ______invented the machine , is coming to visit our city.
Charles works in a chemical plant(工厂), where he holds an important position.(职位)
The plant where my brother works is very big.
He has a son who is a doctor.
He has a son, who is a doctor.
who（一个或多个儿子）定语从句应注意问题（4）但含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在动词后面，不提前。
1. This is the watch which he was looking for.
This is the watch for which he was looking.
2. The babies whom the nurses are looking after
are healthy.
The babies after whom the nurses are looking
are healthy.
3. The village that she lives in is two miles.
The village in that she lives is two miles.
The village in which she lives is two miles.
1.?定语从句: 用来修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句.它一 般都跟在所修饰的名词或代词的后面,被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词,分为关系代词和关系副词.?
2.?引导词:
关系代词: who, whom, which, that, whose ,as（主宾表）
关系副词: when, where, why（状）
(whose作定语;whom作宾语)
人人物人/物1.The man is my teacher.
2.This is the book
3.The man is my brother.
4.I will remember the things
5.The room is mine.@
6.The girl is in my school.
7.This is the same coat .@
8.Don’t read such books
he didn’t come.
10.I still remember the day
11.The school is very beautiful.who is talking to my motherwhich is about medicinewhom I spoke to just nowwhich I saw in the schoolwhose window faces the streetwhose father works abroadas I boughtas are not interestingAs we expected,when I met her.where he works定语从句（二） ? that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that,不用which。(1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something,
anything, little, much 等不定代词时。I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.(2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等
修饰时。I’ve read all the books that are not mine. (3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。This is the first book (that) he has read.?(4)先行词被the only, the very, the last修饰时。This is the very book that I am looking for.（5）先行词既有人，又有物，引导词只用that The school and students that he visited made a deep impression (印象) on him.( 6 )Who/Which/What…..之后引导词用that,不用who或whichWho is the lady that is talking to our teacher?Which is the book that you want to read?All ______ he learned from the teachers is valuable.
You can find all the information _______ you need on the Internet.
He told me everything ______ he heard at the meeting.
Sydney is the first place ______ I visited in Australia.
This is the most amusing(惊讶的) story ______ I have read.
The only information _____ I got is his address.
This is the very moment ______ can decide your future.
?I’ll never forget the beautiful village and the kind villagers _____ I visited the summer holiday.
Who is the man ______is standing by the window?thatthatthatthatthatthatthatthatthat1.非限制性定语从句
He came late again, which made me angry.
2.关系词前有介词
This is the room in which Chairman once lived.
3.一个句子中含有两个定从，一个关系代词用that,另一个用which
Let me show you the book that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.定语从句（三）只用which ,不用that1.先行词one ,ones, anyone, 指代人
The person I want to learn from is one who studies hard.
2.There be
There is a gentleman who wants to see you
3.先行词在被分割的定语从句中
I met a foreigner in the park yesterday who can speak Chinese well
4.一个句子中两个定从，一个用that,另一个who
The man that was praised at the meeting is the monitor who is very modest.
定语从句（四）修饰人只用who ,不用that定语从句（五）引导词在从句中作主语时，从句中谓语动词的单复数与所修饰的先行词保持一致。
This is the girl who _________(practise) the piano every day.
He has a daughter who _____(be) very pretty.
He had two daughters who _______(be) beautiful.
practisesiswere1.One of 结构中：
Tom is one of the boys who were late.
Tom is the (only/the only) of the boys who was late.
2. I ,who _____ fond of music ,decide to major in music at college.am定语从句（六） 引导词在从句中做宾语，可以省略。
Your friend (____________ studies in Beijing University )came to see you yesterday.
He is the man(___________________you have been waiting for.)
The necklace (_____________ Mary borrowed from her friend) was made of glass.
The book (that I borrowed it from the library) is well written.
The watch I gave it to her works well.who /thatwho/that /whom/—which/that/—//定语从句（七） 关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语时，可以把介词提前，介词 + which/whom
The man __________you talked to is a famous actor.
The man to ______you talked is a famous actor.
The book __________________I heard about was written ten years ago.
The book about ________I heard was written ten years ago.
whom/who/that/---whomwhich/that/----which1.Do you know the student _______?
A.whom I often talk B.with who I often talk
C.I often talk with D.that I often talk
2.Can you tell me the book______the other day?
A.you talked about B.about that you talked about
C.that you talked D.which you talkedCA定语从句（八）当先行词为时间、地点名词，且从句中缺少时间、地点状语，用关系副词when, where引导从句。
当先行词为reason, 且从句中缺少原因状语，用关系副词why 引导从句
I still remember the day _____I first came to Ji xi.whenI’ll never forget the time _______we worked on the farm.whenThis is the house ______we lived last year.whereThe factory ______his father works is in the west of the city.whereThis was the reason______I was late.whyTell the difference between them.
This is the factory( _____________ makes shoes.)
This is the factory( ______ his father works.)
This is the factory (_____________ we visited yesterday.)
?
The day( ____________ I will never forget )is January 30th.
I can not forget the day (________ I joined the party).#
?
Please tell me the reason( _______you are late.)
He has told me the reason( _____________ can explain his absence(缺席) from the meeting. )
The reason (______________he told us) was not true. # which/thatwherewhich/that/---which/that/--whenwhywhich/thatwhich/that /---定语从句（九）1.关系副词when 和where引导的定语从句中，when和where 可以用介词+which 来代替，介词要根据与先行词的关系来确定。
He will remember the years ________________he studied at college.when/in whichThis is the farm _______________my father used to work.where/on which2.关系副词why引导的定语从句中,why 可以用for+which 来代替Do you know the reason why/ for which he was late?1.Is this the hospital_______he worked ten years ago?
A.that B. which C.in which D.in where
2.His uncle works in a factory______bicycles are made.
A that B.which C.where D.in that
3.The Second World War _____millions of people were killed ended in 1945.
A during which B.in that C.where D.on whichCCA定语从句（十）whose 引导的定语从句形式为:whose +名词,表示所属关系,即 某人的…..或某物的……….,如
.Do you know the boy whose father is a scientist?
.There are many trees whose leaves have fallen because of disease.
.The girl whose dress is red is my sister.
表示所属关系时,介词用of, 关系代词为which /whom, 即the+名词+of+ which/whom, 可转换为whose+名词.
He lives in a room, the window of which faces west.
He lives in a room, of which the window faces west.
………………….., whose window faces west.
The child was saved by a man, the name of whom was not known.
The child was saved by a man, of whom the name was not known.
……………………………….,whose name was not known.
定语从句（十一） as引导的定语从句as引导定语从句通常用在一些固定的句型中,如:
the same …..as…., such…..as…., as we expected,
as we all know, as he realized, as is necessary
as is often the case, as we all can see ,as is mentioned等.
1.This is the same watch as I lost.
2. Don’t read such books as are not useful.
3.As we expected, he didn’t come.
1.As we all know , the earth is round.
2.As is mentioned above, smoking is bad for our health.
3.You have made the same mistake as you made last time.
4.As is known to everyone, the moon travels round the earth every month.
5.As is often the case, he wins the first in the examination.The policeman ______ reported the accident thinks it was Tom’s fault.
The man ______ I saw told me to come back today.
The friend with _____ I was traveling could speak French.
The film is about a man _____ wife is a film star
This is the picture _____ made me think of my childhood.
The house _____ windows face the south belongs to the Johns.
They are talking about the things and persons _____ they saw on the island.
My hometown is not such a place _____ it used to be ten years ago.
The boy ____ I thought was honest is actually a liar.(说谎者）
who/thatwho/that /whom/---whomwhosewhich/thatwhosethataswho/that定语从句（十二）介词+关系代词 (介词的选择)用于这种情况的关系代词一般为which (指物)和 whom(指人)
1.根据从句中动词短语来确定.
This is the car for which you paid a high price. (pay for)
The man with whom you shook hands just now is Tom.
(shake hands with sb)
2.根据先行词确定. when, where, why= 介词＋关系代词。
.I’ll never forget the day on which （= when ）I joined the army.
.The factory in which （= where）his father works is far away from my hometown.
.I don’t know the reason for which （＝why）he was late for school.
.This is the camera with which he often takes photos.
3.表示所属关系时,介词用of, 即the+名词+of+ which/whom,=whose+名词.
He lives in a room, the window of which faces west.
He lives in a room, of which the window faces west.
………………….., whose window faces west.
The child was saved by a man, the name of whom was not known.
The child was saved by a man, of whom the name was not known.
……………………………….,whose name was not known.
4.表示整体中的一部分或……中最……的，介词一般也用of。both/all/ some /分数/名词+ of + whom/which
The Greens have two daughters, both of whom are college students.
China has many rivers, the longest of which is the Yangtze River. $
5.据句子的意思确定介词。
This is the pilot(飞行员) for whom I bought a camera.
This is the pilot with whom my brother has worked for ten years.
This is the pilot by whom my son was savedPeter _________ I played tennis on Sundays was fatter than I.
His house ___________ he paid $10,000 ten years ago is now worth $30,000.
I lost my glasses _____________ I could see nothing.
There is a big tree _____________ some people are sitting and chatting.
They collected much money ____________ they could help the disabled.
Yesterday we visited the Century Park ___________ there are many pigeons.
You can get off at the next stop ____________ you can change for the No.10 bus.
There is the plane __________ I came to Shanghai.with whomfor whichwithout whichunder whichwith whichin whichat whichon which1.He built a telescope____he could study the sky.
A in which B.with that C.through which D.by it
2.I have two pens,_______writes well.
A.None of which B.neither of which
C.none of them D.neither of them
3.That tree, the branches(树枝)＿＿are almost bare(秃的)，is very old.
A.whose B.of which C.in which D.on which
4.The train _____he was trvelling was 10 minutes late.
A.which B.on which C.for which D.on that
5.This is the film____ I am interested.
A. in which B at which C. in that D. on whichCBBBA1.He built a telescope____he could study the sky.
A in which B.with that C.through which D.by it
2.I have two pens,_______writes well.
A.None of which B.neither of which
C.none of them D.neither of them
3.That tree, the branches(树枝)＿＿are almost bare(秃的)，is very old.
A.whose B.of which C.in which D.on which
4.The train _____he was trvelling was 10 minutes late.
A.which B.on which C.for which D.on that
5.This is the film____ I am interested.
A. in which B at which C. in that D. on whichCBBBA1. The Greens have two daughters, both of whom are college students.
2. The Greens have two daughters, and both of _____ are college students.
3. The Greens have two daughters. Both of _____ are college %.
themthem定语从句（十三）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
1从形式上来说，非与主句之间有逗号分开。
2 从引导词来看，非修饰人和物均不能用that
3 从与主句的关系来看，非是先行词的附加说明，如省略，主句意思不受影响，限与先行词的关系密切，是先行词不可缺少的成分，不能省，去掉，影响全句的意思。
The school, which is far from your home, is a good one.
Here is a book which tells about the Chinese.
He arrived half an hour late, which made us unhappy.
代指school 代指整个句子Professor Wang, ______invented the machine , is coming to visit our city.
Charles works in a chemical plant(工厂), where he holds an important position.(职位)
The plant where my brother works is very big.
He has a son who is a doctor.
He has a son, who is a doctor.
who（一个或多个儿子）定语从句应注意问题（4）但含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在动词后面，不提前。
1. This is the watch which he was looking for.
This is the watch for which he was looking.
2. The babies whom the nurses are looking after
are healthy.
The babies after whom the nurses are looking
are healthy.
3. The village that she lives in is two miles.
The village in that she lives is two miles.
The village in which she lives is two miles.