高一英语语法专题
主谓一致
一． 主语是带 ‘s’ 的名词
1．My trousers ________(be) being washed now.
There_______(be) a pair of shoes in the box.
2．Mathematics _______ (seem) to be difficult to learn.
A new means of teaching _______(be) being used in that school.
3．Ten dollars _______(be) not enough.
Three months ______(have) passed since he left.
4．Five times four _______(be) twenty.
5．The United States _______(be) a developed country.
6．“Ladies and gentlemen”______(be) what we use at the beginning of a speech..
二． 主语是集体名词或指一类人的词语
7．His family ______all music lovers.
8．The murderer ______(have) run away.
The police _______(be) searching for him.
9．Our people _______(be) a great one.
There ________(be)56 peoples in China.
The population of the country________(be) 600,000.
Two thirds of the population in this small country ______(be) farmers.
10．The rich _______(be) not always happy.
The new ________(be) sure to replace the old.
The Chinese ________(be) hardworking.
11．The youth of China today _____(be) doing their best to study modern science and technology.
三． 主语是由and连接的两个名词
12．The teacher and writer ________(be) her friend.
A cart and horse ________(be) seen in the distance.
13．A knife and fork _______(be) on the table.
14．No student and no teacher ______(be) invited to the party.
In our country every boy and every girl ______( have) right to receive education.
四． 主语是不定代词或由不定代词修饰
15．Each of them________(have) his own duty.
Each student _______(have) a dictionary.
The students each _____(have)a dictionary.
16． Somebody _______(be) waiting for you, aren’ they?
Everything _____(be) all right, isn’t it?
五．非单一结构的主语
17． Not only your father’s friends but also your father ______(like) smoking.
Not only you but also he ___(be) wrong.
Either you or I _____(be) going there.
18． He as well as his sisters _______(be) a League member.
No one but the two boys _______(be) there then.
I , not him, ____ (be) on duty today.
六. 主语由表示“数，量，部分，类”的词语修饰
19． Many a foreigner _____(have) been to the Great Wall.
More than one student _____(have) visited the exhibition.
20．A number of pupils_______ (like) reading picture-books.
The number of the students in our class ____ (be) 55.
21．Three-fourths of the surface of the earth ____ (be) sea.
40 percent of the students in our class ____ (be) girls.
More than 70% of the surface of the earth ____ (be) covered with water.
The rest of the students ____ (be) in the classroom.
22．Half of the visitors ____ (be) from Europe.
Half of the fruit ____ (be) bad.
All of the students _____(have) gone there.
All of the food _____(have) rotted away.
23．One and a half bananas ____ (be) left on the table.
There ____ (be) one or two things I‘d like to know about.
24．This kind of cloth ______(feel) soft.
Apples of this kind______(taste) good.
There ____ (be) different kinds of animals.
七. 不同句式中的主谓一致
25．There ____ (be) a pen , two pencils and five books on the desk.
On the wall ____ two famous paintings.
On the wall ____ a famous painting.
26．What we badly need ____ (be) experienced teachers.
When and where to build the new factory ____ (be) not decided yet.
When we'll go to Guangzhou _____(have) not been decided.
Where to go and what to do _____(have not ) been decided yet.
Seeing ____ (be) believing.
27．I, who ____ (be) your teacher, will teach you everything I know.
28．She____ (be) the only one of these women who plays the violin.
29．It is Mike who always _____(help) me study maths after class .
30．I wish I ____ (be) ten years younger.
高一英语语法专题讲义
主谓一致
一． 主语是带 ‘s’ 的名词
1．主语是一些只有复数形式的名词，如clothes, trousers, glasses, shoes, socks, gloves，scissor等时，谓语用复数。但这类表示成双的东西的名词前有a pair of修饰时，谓语用单数。
My trousers are being washed now.
There is a pair of shoes in the box.
2．主语是以-ics 结尾的学科名词mathematics, physics, politics等以及news, works (工厂), means等都属形式复数，而意义单数的名词，其谓语用单数形式。
Mathematics seems to be difficult to learn.
A new means of teaching is being used in that school.
3．表示度量、价格、时间、距离、速度的复数名词词组作主语时一般被看作一个整体，谓语用单数形式。
Ten dollars is not enough.
Three months has passed since he left.
4．算式中表示数目的主语通常看作单数，其谓语常用单数形式，也可用复数。
Five times four is twenty.
5．主语是用作书名、剧名、报纸名、国名等的复数名词，谓语一般用单数形式。
The United States is a developed country.
6．用引号的词语作主语时，谓语用单数第三人称。
“Ladies and gentlemen”is what we use at the beginning of a speech..
二． 主语是集体名词或指一类人的词语
7．主语是family, team, group, crowd, class, committee等集合名词时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数形式，如指的是全体人员时，谓语用复数。
His family are all music lovers.
8．police, cattle等集合名词作主语时，谓语用复数。
The murderer has run away.
The police are searching for him.
9．主语 people 作“人们，人民”解时，谓语动词用复数，作“民族”解时，有单复数之分。population人口总称----单数; 居民----复数
Our people is a great one.
There are 56 peoples in China.
The population of the country is 600,000.
Two thirds of the population in this small country are farmers.
10．the +形容词或分词作主语时，如指一类人。其谓语用复数，如指抽象概念，其谓语用单数。如：
The rich are not always happy.
The new is sure to replace the old.
“the +国家或民族的adj形式做主语时,表某国人，谓语动词用复数
The Chinese are hardworking.
11．The youth作“青年们”解作主语时，谓语用复数。
The youth of China today are doing their best to study modern science and technology.
三． 主语是由and连接的两个名词
12．并列主语如果指的是同一人、同一物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数，这时 and 后面的名词前没有冠词。
The teacher and writer is her friend.
A cart and horse was seen in the distance.
13．成对的名词，如bread and butter涂黄油的面包，soda and water汽水，coffee and milk加牛奶的咖啡，aim and end目的，salt and water盐开水等，虽然有and连接，但仍表单一概念，作主语时，谓语用单数。
A knife and fork is on the table.
14．由 and 连接的并列单数主语的前面分别有each, every或no修饰时，其谓语用单数形式。
No student and no teacher is invited to the party.
In our country every boy and every girl has right to receive education.
四． 主语是不定代词或由不定代词修饰
15．主语是“each of …”，“neither of …”，“either of …”，“one of?…”等时，其谓语用单数。“each”修饰名词做主语时,谓语动词用单数; “ each”如果是作为同位语,谓语动词用复数.
Each of them has his own duty.
Each student has a dictionary.
The students each have a dictionary.
16．陈述部分用everybody, everyone, somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, nobody, no one或 no +复数名词等作主语时，反意部分用they。而陈述部分用everything, something, nothing, anything时，反意部分代词则采用单数，用it。
Somebody is waiting for you, aren’ they?
Everything is all right, isn’t it?
五．非单一结构的主语
17．由not only … but also, neither…nor, either…or, not …but以及or连接的并列主语，谓语动词要与最靠近它的主语在数上保持一致。
Not only your father’s friends but also your father likes smoking.
Not only you but also he is wrong.
Either you or I am going there.
18．主语后跟有together with, along with (与……一道)，as well as (和；也)，no less than (和……一样)，rather than (而不)，以及with, not, like, but, except, besides, including 等引起的短语时，谓语动词与第一个主语保持一致。
He as well as his sisters is a League member.
No one but the two boys was there then.
I , not him, am on duty today.
六. 主语由表示“数，量，部分，类”的词语修饰
19．由 many a 或 more than + 单数名词作主语时，其谓语用单数形式。
Many a foreigner has been to the Great Wall.
More than one student has visited the exhibition.
20．“a number of + 名词复数”作主语，谓语用复数；
“ the number of + 名词复数”作主语，谓语用单数。
A number of pupils like reading picture-books.
The number of the students in our class is 55.
21． “the rest/几分之几/百分之几 +of+名词”做主语,谓语动词的数由“of”之后的名词决定.
Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.
40 percent of the students in our class are girls.
More than 70% of the surface of the earth is covered with water.
The rest of the students are in the classroom.
22．名词half, part, the rest, all等既可表示复数意义又可表示单数意义，其谓语视后面名词而定。
Half of the visitors are from Europe.
Half of the fruit is bad.
All of the students have gone there.
All of the food has rotted away.
23．主语是表示数量的“one and a half +复数名词”，其谓语用单数形式。主语是“one or two + 复数名词”，其谓语用复数形式。
One and a half bananas is left on the table.
There are one or two things I‘d like to know about.
24．主语是a / this / that kind of +名词，谓语用单数形式，名词+ of this / that kind谓语动词与前面名词而定。主语指的不是一种而是多种，谓语动词用复数。
This kind of cloth feels soft.
Apples of this kind taste good.
There are different kinds of animals.
七. 不同句式中的主谓一致
25．在There be …结构中，如主语是并列的，谓语动词往往和其后面的第一个主语取得数上的一致。
There is a pen , two pencils and five books on the desk.
在倒装句中,谓语动词应该与后面的主语保持一致
On the wall are two famous paintings.
On the wall is a famous painting.
26．动名词,动词不定式或从句作主语，其谓语用单数形式。
When and where to build the new factory is not decided yet.
When we'll go to Guangzhou has not been decided.
Seeing is believing.
表语是复数名词, 则谓语用复数.
What we badly need are experienced teachers.
两个或两个以上的不定式,动名词和从句做主语, 谓语用复数.
Where to go and what to do haven't been decided yet.
27．在定语从句中主语是关系代词who, that, which,谓语动词的数与先行词的数一致。
I, who am your teacher, will teach you everything I know.
28．“one of + 复数名词 + 定语从句”之前有the only, the very, the等限定词和修饰语时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。
She is the only one of these women who plays the violin.
29．在强调结构中如被强调的是句子的主语，则who或that 后面的谓语动词的人称和数应和主语一致。
It is Mike who always helps me study maths after class .
30．wish后接宾语从句用虚拟语气，如表示与现在事实相反，无论主语是单数还是复数，be动词用were。
I wish I were ten years younger.
课件18张PPT。主谓一致一． 主语是带 ‘s’ 的名词
1．主语是一些只有复数形式的名词，如goods, clothes, troops, manners, looks, works等以及trousers, glasses, shoes, socks, gloves等时，谓语用复数。但trousers…这类表示成双的东西的名词前有a pair of修饰时，谓语用单数。
My trousers are being washed now.
There is a pair of shoes in the box.
2．主语是以-ics 结尾的学科名词以及news, works (工厂)等都属形式复数，而意义单数的名词，其谓语用单数形式。
Mathematics seems to be difficult to learn.
A new means of teaching is being used in that school. 3．表示度量、价格、时间的复数名词词组作主语时一般被看作一个整体，谓语用单数形式。
Ten dollars is not enough.
Three months has passed since he left.
4．算式中表示数目的主语通常看作单数，其谓语常用单数形式，也可用复数。
Five times four is/are twenty.
5．主语是用作书名、剧名、报纸名、国名等的复数名词，谓语一般用单数形式。
The United States is a developed country.
6．用引号的词语作主语时，谓语用单数第三人称。
“Ladies and gentlemen” is what we use at the beginning of a speech.. 二． 主语是集体名词或指一类人的词语
7．主语是family, team, group, crowd, class, committee等集合名词时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数形式，如指的是全体人员时，谓语用复数。
His family are all music lovers.
His family is a large one.
8．police, cattle等集合名词作主语时，谓语用复数。
The murderer has run away. The police are searching for him. 9．主语 people 作“人们，人民”解时，谓语动词用复数，作“民族”解时，有单复数之分。population人口总称----单数; 居民----复数
Our people is a great one.
There are 56 peoples in China.
People in China ___ hardworking.
The population of the country is 600,000.
Two thirds of the population in this small country are farmers. are10．the +形容词或分词作主语时，如指一类人。其谓语用复数，如指抽象概念，其谓语用单数。如：
The rich are not always happy.
The new is sure to replace the old.
“the +国家或民族的adj形式做主语时,表某国人，谓语动词用复数
The Chinese are hardworking.
11．The youth作“青年们”解作主语时，谓语用复数。
The youth of China today are doing their best to study modern science and technology.
三． 主语是由and连接的两个名词
12．并列主语如果指的是同一人、同一物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数，这时 and 后面的名词前没有冠词。
The teacher and writer is her friend.
A cart and horse was seen in the distance.
13．成对的名词，如bread and butter涂黄油的面包，soda and water汽水，coffee and milk加牛奶的咖啡，aim and end目的，salt and water盐开水等，虽然有and连接，但仍表单一概念，作主语时，谓语用单数。
A knife and fork is on the table. 14．由 and 连接的并列单数主语的前面分别有each, every或no修饰时，其谓语用单数形式。
No student and no teacher is invited to the party.
In our country every boy and every girl has right to receive education. 四． 主语是不定代词或由不定代词修饰
15．主语是“each of …”，“neither of …”，“either of …”，“one of?…”等时，其谓语用单数。“each”修饰名词做主语时,谓语动词用单数; “ each”如果是作为同位语,谓语动词用复数.
Each of them has his own duty.
Each student has a dictionary.
The students each have a dictionary.16．陈述部分用everybody, everyone, somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, nobody, no one或 no +复数名词等作主语时，反意部分用they。而陈述部分用everything, something, nothing, anything时，反意部分代词则采用单数，用it。
Somebody is waiting for you, aren’ they?
Everything is all right, isn’t it?
None of them________(have) arrived yet.
Neither of them ________(know) the answer.
None of this money _____ (be) mine.
Neither statement _______ (be) true.
has/have knows/knowisis五．非单一结构的主语
17．由not only … but also, neither…nor, either…or, not …but以及or连接的并列主语，谓语动词要与最靠近它的主语在数上保持一致。
Not only your father’s friends but also your father likes smoking.
Not only you but also he is wrong.
Either you or I am going there.
18．主语后跟有together with, along with (与……一道)，as well as (和；也)，no less than (和……一样)，rather than (而不)，以及with, not, like, but, except, besides, including 等引起的短语时，谓语动词与第一个主语保持一致。
He as well as his sisters is a League member.
No one but the two boys was there then.
I , not him, am on duty today.就近原则六. 主语由表示“数，量，部分，类”的词语修饰
19．由 many a 或 more than + 单数名词作主语时，其谓语用单数形式。
Many a foreigner has been to the Great Wall.
More than one student has visited the exhibition.
20．“a number of + 名词复数”作主语，谓语用复数；
“ the number of + 名词复数”作主语，谓语用单数。
A number of pupils like reading picture-books.
The number of the students in our class is 55. 21． “the rest/几分之几/百分之几 +of+名词”做主语,谓语动词的数由“of”之后的名词决定.
Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.
40 percent of the students in our class are girls.
More than 70% of the surface of the earth is covered with water.
The rest of the students are in the classroom.
22．名词half, part, the rest, all等既可表示复数意义又可表示单数意义，其谓语视后面名词而定。
Half of the visitors are from Europe.
Half of the fruit is bad.
All of the students have gone there.
All of the food has rotted away.
23．主语是表示数量的“one and a half +复数名词”，其谓语用单数形式。主语是“one or two + 复数名词”，其谓语用复数形式。
One and a half bananas is left on the table.
There are one or two things I‘d like to know about.
24．主语是a / this / that kind of +名词，谓语用单数形式，名词+ of this / that kind谓语动词与前面名词而定。主语指的不是一种而是多种，谓语动词用复数。
This kind of cloth feels soft.
Apples of this kind taste good.
There are different kinds of animals. 七. 不同句式中的主谓一致
25．在There be …结构中，如主语是并列的，谓语动词往往和其后面的第一个主语取得数上的一致。
There is a pen , two pencils and five books on the desk.
在倒装句中,谓语动词应该与后面的主语保持一致
On the wall are two famous paintings.
On the wall is a famous painting.26．动名词,动词不定式或从句作主语，其谓语用单数形式。
表语是复数名词, 则谓语用复数.
What we badly need are experienced teachers.
When and where to build the new factory is not decided yet.
When we'll go to Guangzhou has not been decided.
Seeing is believing. To see is to believe.
两个或两个以上的不定式,动名词和从句做主语, 谓语用复数.
Where to go and what to do haven't been decided yet.
27．在定语从句中主语是关系代词who, that, which,谓语动词的数与先行词的数一致。
I, who am your teacher, will teach you everything I know.
28．“one of + 复数名词 + 定语从句”之前有the only, the very, the等限定词和修饰语时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。
She is the only one of these women who plays the violin. 29．在强调结构中如被强调的是句子的主语，则who或that 后面的谓语动词的人称和数应和主语一致。
It is Mike who always helps me study maths after class .
30．wish后接宾语从句用虚拟语气，如表示与现在事实相反，无论主语是单数还是复数，be动词用were。
I wish I were ten years younger.
