2008-2009学年中考复习代词讲义(山东省东营市东营区)

2008-2009学年九年级英语复习讲义——代词
【考点直击】
1. 人称代词主格、宾格形式及其主要用法；
2. 名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的形式、区别及其主要用法；
3 反身代词的形式、意义及其主要用法；
4 常见不定代词的一般用法；
5. 指示代词的一般用法，并了解其在上下文中的指代用法；
6. 相互代词的基本用法；
7. 疑问代词的基本用法。
8. 关系代词的基本用法。
【名师点睛】
　 代词是代替名词、形容词和数词的词。按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词等。
一. 人称代词
　1.人称代词的人称、数和格，如下表所示。

2.人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作主语，宾格作宾语。如：
　 I like table tennis. （作主语）
Do you know him （作宾语）
3.人称代词还可作表语。作表语时用宾格。如：
---Who is knocking at the door
---It’s me.
4.人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都可以。如：
He is older than me.
He is older than I am.
二. 物主代词
　1.表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性
物主代词，如下表所示。

　2. 形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语。例如：
　 Our teacher is coming to see us.
　 This is her pencil-box.
　3. 名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。
　　 Our school is here, and theirs is there.（作主语）
　 --- Is this English-book yours （作表语） --- No. Mine is in my bag.
　 I've already finished my homework. Have you finished yours （作宾语）
三. 指示代词
　 指示代词包括：this，that，these，those。
1. this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人，that和those
则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人，例如：
　 This is a pen and that is a pencil． We are busy these days．
　 In those days the workers had a hard time．
2. 有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物，this 和these则是指下面将要讲
到的事物，例如： I had a cold. That's why I didn't come.
　 What I want to say is this ; pronunciation is very important in learning English．
3. 有时为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用that或those代替，例如：
　 Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai．
4. this 在电话用语中代表自己，that 则代表对方。例如：
Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking
四. 反身代词
　 英语中用来表示"我自己"，"你自己"，"他自己"，"我们自己"，"你们自己"
等意义的代词称为反身代词，也有人称之为自身代名词，其形式如表所示。

反身代词可以在句中作宾语，同位语。 1. 作宾语，表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者，主语和宾语指同一个人或一些人。 He called himself a writer． Would you please express yourself in English 　　 2. 作主语或宾语的同位语，表示亲自或本人。 I myself washed the clothes．（=I washed the clothes myself.）（作主语同位语） You should ask the teacher himself．（作宾语同位语）
五. 不定代词
　 不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词，在句中可作主语、表
语、宾语和定语。现将几个常用的不定代词举例说明如下：
1. some与any的区别1）some多用于肯定句，表示“一些，几个”作形容词时，后面可以接①不可数名词+单数动词；②可数名词+复数动词。 Look! Some of the students are cleaning the library. Some rice in the bag has been sold out. 2）any多用于疑问句、条件句和否定句中，表示“一些，任何”用作形容词时，后面可以接①不可数名词+单数动词；②可数名词+复数动词。
If you have any questions, please ask me. There isn't any orange in the bottle.
Have you got any tea
3）any和some也可以作代词用，表示“一些”。any多用于疑问句或否定句中，some多用于肯定句中。 How many people can you see in the picture I can't see any.
If you have no money, I'll lend you some.注意：与some, any结合的词如something, somebody, someone, anything, anyone, anybody在肯定句、否定句、疑问句、条件句中的用法，大致和some, any的用法相同。
2. few, a few, little, a little在用法上的区别
1）用作形容词：
含义
用法 表示肯定 表示否定
用于可数名词 a few虽少，但有几个 few不多，几乎没有
用于不可数名词 a little，虽少，但有一点 little不多，没有什么
I'm going to buy a few apples.
He can speak only a little Chinese.
There is only a little milk in the glass.
He has few friends.
They had little money with them.
2）a little和little也可以用作副词，a little表示“有点，稍微”，little表示“很少”。
I'm a little hungry. (修饰形容词hungry)
Let him sleep a little. (修饰动词sleep)
Mary, go a little faster, please. (修饰副词比较级)
She slept very little last night.
3. other, the other, another, others, the others的区别
1）other可以作形容词用，后面可以跟单数或复数名词，意思是“其他的、别
的”。 Where are his other books
I haven't any other books except this one.2）other也可以用作代词，与冠词the连用构成“the other”表示两个人或物中的“另一个”。常与one搭配构成“one ..., the other ...”句型。
He has two brothers. One is 10 years old , the other is 5 years old.
She held a ruler in one hand and an exercise-book in the other.

用 法
代名词 形容词
单数 复数 单数 复数
不定 another
另一个 others
别人，其他人 another (boy)
另一个（男孩） other (boys)
其他男孩
特定 the other
另一个 the others
其余那些人、物 the other (boy)
另一个男孩 the other (boys)
其余那些男孩
3）other作代词用时，可以有复数“others”，泛指“另外的人或物”。常与some搭配构成“some ...., others ...”句型。 Some went to the cinema, others went swimming.
This coat is too large. Show me some others, please.
4）“the others”表示特指某范围内的“其他的人或物”。
We got home by 4 o'clock, but the others didn't get back until 8 o'clock.
In our class only Tom is English, the others are Chinese.
5）another可以作形容词用，修饰后面的名词，意为“另一个”，还可以跟代词one.
You can see another ship in the sea, can't you
Mary doesn't want to buy this skirt. Would you please show her another one
6）another也可以作代词用，表示“另一个”。
I'm still hungry after I've had this cake. Please give me another.
4. every与each的区别。

each every
1)可单独使用 1)不可单独使用
2)可做代名词、形容词 2)仅作形容词
3)着重“个别” 3)着重“全体”，毫无例外
4)用于两者或两者以上中的每一个人或物 4)用于三者或三者以上每一个人或物
The teacher gave a toy to each child.
Each ball has a different colour.
当我们说each child, each student或each teacher时，我们想到的是一个人的情况。而当我们说every child和every student时，我们想到的是全体的情况，every的意思与all接近，表示他们都如此。
Every student loves the English teacher. = All students love the English teacher.
Every child likes playing. = All children like playing.
5. all和both的用法。
1）all指三者以上，或不可数的东西。谓语动词既可以用单数，也可以用作复数。在句中作主语、表语、宾语、同位语和定语。
All of us like Mr. Pope. 我们都喜欢Pope先生。（作主语） = We all like Mr. Pope. (作同位语)
All the water has been used up. (作主语) That's all for today. (作表语)
Why not eat all (of) the fish (作宾语) All the leaders are here. (作定语)
2）both作代词。
①与其他名词或代词并列出现，表示“两个都”。 Lucy and Lily both agree with us.
They both passed on their sticks at the same time. How are your parents They're both fine.
②与“of +代词（或名词）”连用，表示“两者都”。
Both of them came to see Mary. Both of the books are very interesting.
③单独使用，表示“两者（都）”。
Michael has two sons. Both are clever.
I don't know which book is the better, I shall read both.
3）both用作形容词，放在名词之前，修饰该名词，表示“两者都”。
Both his younger sisters are our classmates. There are tall trees on both sides of the street.
六. 相互代词
表示相互关系的代词叫做相互代词。相互代词有each other 和one another两种形式。在当代英语中，each other和one another没有什么区别。相互代词可在句中作宾语，定语。作定语用时，相互代词用所有格形式。
　 We should learn from each other / one another. （作宾语）
　 Do you often write to each other / one another （作宾语）
　 We often borrow each other's / one another's books. （作定语）
　 The students corrected each other's / one another's mistakes in their homework. （作定语）
七. 疑问代词
疑问代词有who，whom，whose，what和which等。疑问代词用于特殊疑
问句中，一般都放在句首，并在句子中作为某一句子成分。例如：
Who is going to come here tomorrow （作主语）What is that (作表语)
Whose umbrella is this (作定语) Whom are you waiting for (作宾语)
八.关系代词
关系代词是一种引导从句并起连接主句和从句作用的代词。关系代词有 who, whose, whom, that, which. 它们在句中可用作主语,表语,宾语,定语. 在主句中,它们还代表着从句所修饰的那个名词或代词。例如：
I hate people who talk much but do little.
I’m looking at the photograph which you sent me with your letter.
With the money that he had saved, he went on with his studies.
Do you know the lady who is interviewing our headmaster
【模拟训练】PART Ⅰ 人称代词、物主代词和反身代词
( )1.I can't repair the model ship______. Can you help______
A.me; me B. myself ;myself C .myself ;me D. me ; myself
( )2.The book on the shelf is _______. She wrote ______name on its cover_______ .
A.Hers; her; herself B.Her; hers; herself
C.Herself; her; hers D.Her; herself; herself
( )3. ________ Li Ping's brother.
A. Her B. His C. He's D. She's
( ) 4.Let _____have a meeting .
A. me B. you C. us D. me
( ) 5.We find ______difficult to deal with this problem.
A.that B.it C.this D.us
( )6.The Wright brothers made the flyer all by______.
A.they B.theirs C.them D.themselves
( )7.Mr brown taught _____physics last term.
A.we B. us C.our D. ours
( )8.I’m old enough to wash_______clothes by myself. You can also wash ________
A. my , your B. mine , your C. my, yours D. your, my
( )9. John never shows___his homework.
A.their B.them C. they D.thiers
( )10. Where does your grandma live She lives with______.
A.us B.we C.my D.you
( )11. My mother often helps ______ with ______ maths.
A. me, my B. mine, me C. I, my D. myself, me
( )12.This isn’t ______skirt. It’s ____.
A.my, hers B.mine, her C.my, her D.mine, hers
( )13..Can he keep _____promise
A. one’s B.his C. their D.your
( )14.Mary’s computer is as new as______.
A.I B.me C.mine D.myself
( )15.It can’t be Betty’s schoolbag.______is a blue one.
A.She’s B.Its C.His D.Hers
( )16.Jack, this is Alice, a friend of _______.
A.him B.yours C.her D.mine
( )17._____is wonderful to have a swim in such hot weather.
A.This B.He C.It D.She
( )18.Helen had a trip to Hawaii. She really enjoyed ____there.
A.her B.herself C.she D.hers
( )19.Mr.Liu teaches ____English, we all like____lessons very much.
A.us , him B.us, his C.our, him D.our, his
( )20.You can not finish the work ________. Let ______ help you.
A. youself, me B. yourself, mine C. youselves, me D. yourself, me
PART Ⅱ 不定代词、指示代词和疑问代词
( )1. ______of the two engineers shows great interest in talking about online-games.
A.all B.neither C.both D.none
( )2.There isn't____in today's newspaper.
A. anything interesting B. something interesting C. nothing interesting D. interesting anything
( )3.There is ___________ with your watch. It gets slower every day.
A. nothing wrong B. something wrong C. wrong something D. wrong nothing
( )4. ___________ Kathy ___________ Alice ___________ at home last Sunday.
A. Neither... nor… were B. Both... and… wasC. Either... or... was D. Not only… but also… were
( )5. May I have _____ cup of tea A. the other B. other C. another D. some
( )6.--________skirt do you prefer –The white one. A.What B.Which C.Whose D.How
( )7.There are many new highrises on________side of Huaihai Road. What a magnificent view!
A.either B.both C.neither D.all
( )8.We should help______when they are in trouble. A.others B. the others C. other D. the other
( )9.The two fishermen saw __________ in the sky while they were fishing by a river.
A. something strange B. anything strange C. strange something D. strange anything
( )10.Peter, show me your _______hand. What’s in it A.other B.the other C.another D. the others
( )11. The days in winter are shorter than ___________ in summer.
A. those B. that C. these D. them
( )12.In the exam, the more careful you are , the _____mistakes you’ll make.
A.little B.fewer C.less D.few
( )13.______of my parents went to the theatre because _____of them were too busy to go.
A.All, none B.Both, neither C.None, all D.Neither, both
( )14.I have three pencil-boxes. One is made of plastic, ______are made of wood.
A.others B. the other two C. another two D. the other
( ）15.—I’m getting fatter and fatter. What should I do
—You’d better eat ______food and take _______exercise.
A.less,less B.more, more C.more, less D.less, more
( )16.Tom’s Chinese is better than _____in his class.
A.any boy B.any of the others C.that of any boy D.any other boy’s
( )17. I’ve got four different answers to the questions, but___of them is correct.
A.all B.neither C.both D.none
( )18.I haven’t bought the shoes, because I like ____the style _____the colour.
A.both, and B.either, or C.neither, nor D.not only, but also
( )19.---Shall we have_____beer ---Sure, but only___
A．any a little B. a few a little C. little a few D. some, a little
( )20. --“Mum, Ann's coming tonight. Let's give her ______to eat.” -- “Good idea!”
A. anything nice B.nice anything C. something nice D. nice something
( )21.Since you have got only one ticket, ______you______Tom can attend the lecture.
A.both, and B.neither, nor C.either, or D.not only, but also
( )22.The teacher came into the classroom with a book in one hand, a recorder in______.
A.another B.other C.the other D.others
( )23.You have _______friends here, do you A.some B.few C.little D.many
( )24. There aren’t many oranges here, but you can take ______ if you want to.
A. few B. a few C. a little D. little
( )25.My sports shoes are too small. I want to buy ___________ pair.
A. the others B. the other C. other D. another
( ) 26.Though Alice and Jane are my good friends. _____of them is allowed to read my diary.
A.all B.neither C.both D.none
( )27. Students are usually interested in sports. Some like running; some like swimming; ___________ like ball games. A. the others B. others C. the other D. other
( )28.There is _______ ink in my pen. Would you give me ___________
A. little… a little B. a little… little C. few… a few D. a few… few
( )29._____of us answered the phone, for we were all in the yard.
A. Either B. Neither C. All D. None
( )30.I’m sorry. I can’t understand your meaning. Can you give me ____example
A.the other B.other C.another one D.another
( )31.If you can’t work out the problem, please have____try.
A.other B.the other C.another D. others
( )32.Some dinosaurs were small, some were big, ______had wings and could fly.
A.Others B. The others C. Other D.The other
( )33.Walking along the streets, you can see many beautiful flowers on _____ side of the street.
A. every B. all C. both D. either
( )34.The twins are so much alike that it is very difficult to tell one from____.
A.other B.the other C.another D.the others
( )35.The detective opened the window___in order to watch the suspect.
A.few B.a few C. little D.a little
( )36.At the top of the high mountains, there is very ___oxygen in the air.
A.a little B.a few C.little D.few
( )37.I have two TV set, but _____ of them is in good condition. A. both B. none C. neither D. every
( )38.________book is this It’s mine. A.Who B.Whose C.Which D.What
( )39.--How many monkeys are there in the cage left -- _____.
A. None B. No one C. Nothing D. not some
( ) 40. Hello, John! Come here please. I have ____to tell you.
A.important something B.something important C.important anything D.important nothing
【考前预测】
1. There are quite a few books on the shelf, but ____ of them is useful to him.
A. both B. all C. neither D. none
2. The Smiths have visited two famous cities. One is in Japan and ____ is in China.
A. another B. other C. others D. the other
3. ----What’s in your car ----_____. A. No one B. Nothing C. Nobody D. None
4. ----____ is your father ----He is a worker.
A. Which B. Who C. What D. How
5. Boy, don’t touch the machine, or you may hurt ____.
A. myself B. yourself C. yourselves D. themselves
6. ____ of the two girls is from Beijing.
A. All B. Both C. Nor D. Neither
7. Students are usually interested in sports. Some like running; some like swimming; ____ like ball games.
A. the others B. others C. the other D. other
8. The twins corrected the mistakes in the test papers ____.
A. them B. themselves C. him D. himself
9. She always thinks of ____ more than herself.
A. other B. others B. the other D. the others
10. The Greens' garden is larger than ____.
A. we B. us C. ours D. our
11. ----My watch keeps good time. What about ____ ----Mine Oh, two minutes slow.
A. you B. her C. hers D. yours
12. ----I don't think it is very expensive to buy a personal computer here.
----Really I'll buy ____ next week.
A. it B. this C. one D. mine
13. The weather in summer here is like ____ in Beijing.
A. this B. that C. it D. its
14. ____ new radio it is!
A. How a B. What a C. How D. What
15. ____ is my son. Do you like to play with ____
A. You; you B. She; her C. I; me D. He; him
16. We went to travel with some friends of ____.
A. us B. ours C. our D. ourselves
17. With the money ____ he saved, he could go on with his education.
A. it B. what C. this D. that
18. ----What did you do at the weekend ----I did ____ homework.
A. me B. myself C. my D. mine
19. Our room is big, but ____ room is bigger than ____.
A. theirs; our B. their; ours C. theirs; ours D. their; our
20. ----Many people like to read the book.
----That's right. There's ____ interesting in it.
A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything
21. ----You want ____ sandwich ----Yes. I usually eat a lot when I'm hungry.
A. other B. another C. others D. the other
22. ----You look so happy! ----Jack says I am pretty. ____ has ever told me that before.
A. Something B. Anybody C. Everybody D. Nobody
23. I agree with most of what you wanted, but I don't agree with ____.
A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing
24. ---Who is your English teacher ---Miss Gao. She teaches____ English very well.
A. us B. our C. ours D. we
25. ----Do you want tea or coffee ----____. I really don't mind.
A. Both B. None C. Either D. Neither
26. The desks in our classroom are bigger than ____ in yours.
A. ones B. them C. that D. those
27. Miss Glory refused to accept ____ of the three plans.
A. either B. neither C. any D. every6
28. If you want to change for a double room, you'll have to pay ____$15.
A. another B. other C. more D. each
29. ----He nearly died from cancer once.----When was ____
----____ was in 2000 when he was in middle school.
A. that; It B. this; This C. this; It D. that; This
30. If this magazine is not yours, ____ can it be
A. what else B. who else C. wich else's D. who else's
31. Both Class 1 and Class 3 are in hard training. ____ is willing to lose the football match.
A. Either B. Neither C. Another D. The other
32. In fact, ____ is a difficult experience for the police to keep order in the Olympics.
A. this B. that C. there D. it
33. ____ writer is better known in China, Charles Dickens or Mark Twain
A. Which B. What C. Either D. Whether
34. There were ____ people and cars in the street, because it was late at night.
A. some B. any C. a few D. few
35. ---What would you like to drink ---It doesn't matter. ____ will be OK.
A. Something B. Nothing C. Everything D. Anything
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