中考英语名词考点归纳

中考英语名词考点归纳
　　名词是英语中一种重要的实词,同时也是每年中考英语试题考查的一个热点 本文拟就最近两年全国部分省市的中考英语试题中的“单项选择”题对名词的考查作一归纳,供同学们学习时参考 (备选项下面划横线的为正确答案)
　　
　　一 对可数名词与不可数名词的考查
　　
　　1. How many ________are there in the international village
　　A. Chinese B. Russian C. American(2006年汕头市)
　　2. The restaurant is so popular here. Look, there are so many________ here.
　　A. food B. dish C. people D. waiter(2006年徐州市)
　　3. —Can I help you
　　—I’d like________ for my twin daughters.
　　A. two pair of shoes B. two pairs of shoe
　　C. two pair of shoe D. two pairs of shoes(2006年滨州市)
　　4. Mrs Jenny gives us________ on how to learn English well.
　　A. some advices B. many advices
　　C. some advice D. an advice(2005年天津市)
　　5. —Are there any________on the farm
　　—Yes, there are some.
　　A. horse B. duck C. chicken D. sheep(2005年吉林省)
　　[考点归纳] 这类试题要求考生区分可数名词与不可数名词以及修饰可数名词与不可数名词的常用词语,并掌握将可数名词由单数形式变为复数形式的基本方法,还要熟记 dear, sheep, Chinese, Japanese 等单复数形式相同的名词,以及一些不规则名词的单复数形式,如 man?men, woman?women, child?children, policeman?policemen, mouse?mice, foot?feet, tooth?teeth, stomach?stomachs 等
　　
　　二 对名词所有格的考查
　　
　　1. The computer on the desk is________.
　　A. twins B. the twin’s
　　C. the twins D. the twins’(2006年孝感市)
　　2. Mrs Black is a friend of________.
　　A. Mary’s mother’s B. Mary’s mother
　　C. mother’s of Mary D. Mary mother’s(2006年资阳市)
　　3. It is over________ from Shijiazhuang to Beijing.
　　A. three hours’ drive B. three hour’s drive
　　C. three hours’ drives D. three hours drive(2006年河北省)
　　4. Today is September 10th. It is________Day.
　　A. Teachers B. Teachers’
　　C. the teachers’ D. Teacher’s(2005年常德市)
　　5. —Do you know the woman over there
　　—Yes. She’s________aunt.
　　A. Lily and Lucy B. Lily’s and Lucy’s
　　C. Lily’s and Lucy D. Lily and Lucy’s(2005年济南市)
　　6. After playing football for more than half an hour, the students took________ rest.
　　A. a few minute’s B. a few minutes’
　　C. a little minute’s D. a little minutes’(2005年天津市)
　　[考点归纳] 这类试题主要考查名词所有格的构成及其用法 名词的所有格一般在词尾加“‘s”,这种形式的所有格主要用于有生命的名词以及表示时间 距离等名词的后面 注意:如果名词本身以表示复数意义的s结尾,构成所有格时直接在词尾加上“‘”即可 另外,注意“A’s and B’s”型名词短语所有格表示两者分别拥有某物,而“A and B’s”型名词短语所有格表示两者共同拥有某物
　　
　　三 对名词作定语的考查
　　
　　1. There are three________ assistants in that________ shop.
　　A. women; shoe B. woman; shoe
　　C. woman; shoes D. women; shoes(2006年孝感市)
　　2. —Where are the________
　　—They are playing________ football on the playground.
　　A. boys students; the B. boy students; the
　　C. boy students; × D. boy student; ×(2005年乌鲁木齐市)
　　3. Bill said they would have________ holiday.
　　A. a two-month B. two-months
　　C. two-monthes D. two-month’s(2005年天津市)
　　[考点归纳] 一般情况下,名词作定语修饰主体名词时,常用单数形式;主体名词为复数形式时,作定语用的名词一般用单数形式,如 boy friends 但以 man, woman 等名词作定语修饰主体名词时,若主体名词为复数形式, man 和 woman 也要变为复数形式,如 men doctors 由“基数词 + 连词符号 + 名词”或“基数词 + 连词符号 + 名词+ 连词符号 + 形容词”构成的复合词作定语修饰主体名词时,复合词中的名词只能用单数形式
　　
　　四 对易混名词的考查
　　
　　1. At the foot of the hill you could hear nothing but the________ of the running water.
　　A. shout B. noise C. voice D. sound(2006年天津市)
　　2. Beth has a beautiful________. Listen! She is singing very well.
　　A. voice B. look C. sound D. smell(2006年杭州市)
　　
3. —What happened to you this morning
　　—The teacher asked me for my________ when I was late again.
　　A. meaning B. idea C. excuse D. answer(2006年武汉市)
　　4. —Oh, there isn’t enough________ for us in the lift.
　　—No hurry. Let’s wait for the next.
　　A. floor B. ground C. room D. place(2006年黄冈市)
　　5. Tom regards Nanjing as his second________ because he has been here for over ten years.
　　A. family B. room C. house D. home(2005年南京市)
　　6. Football is a popular________around the world.
　　A. match B. goal C. game D. play(2005年安徽省)
　　7. Excuse me, waiter. We’re leaving. Can you bring me the________, please
　　A. money B. note C. bill D. list(2005年杭州市)
　　[考点归纳] 这类试题主要考查一些语义相近而极易混淆的名词 考生在平时要注意积累 掌握一些常见易混名词的用法区别,如: family, home, room, house; problem, question; match, game; note, bill; door, gate, entrance 等
　　
　　五 对名词所表示的相关意义的考查
　　
　　1. Once upon a time we Chinese made the first kite. People used kites to send________ to other places, because they didn’t have telephones, computers, or even radios.
　　A. languages B. newspapers
　　C. messages D. magazines(2006年临沂市)
　　2. Heilongjiang is in the________of China.
　　A. northeast B. northeastern
　　C. northwest D. northwestern(2006年天津市)
　　3. Lao She is the________of Tea House(茶馆).
　　A. doctor B. actor C. scientist D. writer(2006年陕西省)
　　4. —I want to go to different places, but I don’t know the________.
　　—A map is helpful, I think.
　　A. price B. way C. time D. ticket(2006年江西省)
　　5. Thomas Edison never gave up. During his lifetime, he had 1,093________.
　　A. instructions B. competitions
　　C. inventions D. injections(2006年盐城市)
　　6. The TV________ on Channel Five are about sports.
　　A. experiences B. performances
　　C. programs D. problems(2005年天津市)
　　7. —Please give me a________ when you get to Beijing.
　　—All right. I’ll tell you everything when I get there.
　　A. newspaper B. ticket
　　C. present D. ring(2005年宁波市)
　　[考点归纳] 这类试题常常涉及其他学科的知识和日常生活常识,主要考查考生的综合素质 只要考生能读懂句意,把握语境,一般不难作出正确的选择
　　
　　六 对含有名词的固定短语的考查
　　
　　1. —Sorry, Jane. I took your school bag by________.
　　—It doesn’t matter.
　　A. hand B. mistake C. bike D. heart(2006年盐城市)
　　2. Brian is so kind that he often gives me a________ when I’m in trouble.
　　A. reply B. seat C. hand D. reason(2006年安徽省)
　　3. There will be many kinds of shoes________ this Sunday. I’ll go and buy a pair for my daughter.
　　A. on duty B. on show
　　C. on business D. on watch(2005年南宁市)
　　4. We should have________ in ourselves and we will make it if we have a try.
　　A. success B. confidence
　　C. progress D. knowledge(2005年大连市)
　　[考点归纳] 这类试题主要考查考生对一些含有名词的固定短语的构成和意义的掌握情况,这就要求考生在日常的学习中熟记一些固定短语的结构和意义,如: by mistake“错误地”; on show“展览”; on business“因公”; on duty“值班”; give sb a hand“帮助某人”; have confidence in oneself“相信自己”; after a while“过一会儿”; in the end“最后”; make room for“给……腾出空间“; make faces”做鬼脸“等