2005-2006
高三英语
高考备考复习教案
MR DAVILD
HuBei Xiangfan NO.36
高考综合复习
Book 2 Unit 1---3
重点短语与句型：
work on 继续工作，从事dream of梦想turn out结果（是） use up用完，用尽
be satisfied with对---表示满意take a look at看一看what if--如果---将会怎样
the other way around相反burn down烧毁 relate to与---有关for once就这一次
look up to 尊敬go against违背be covered with由---覆盖in fact事实上think of考虑，认为
keep out使---不进入be made of/from由---制成pull down推倒，拆毁set aside不理会，节省
描述人物
You are twenty years old and a promising student.
He is also intelligent and patient.
辩论
There is no doubt---. What is your idea Have you thought about---
表达意见
What is your opinion I don’t think we should choose---.
表达偏好和喜爱
I’d rather---. I prefer something that---. What I like is ---. I’m much more interested in it.
表示不喜欢
I wouldn’t feel happy if --- I’m not very interested in --- I don’t get very excited about ---
I can’t stand---
知识点归纳：
1. point * n. 尖；作用，意义
There’s no point in doing something. 做某事没有意义。
There’s no point in lying. I’ll find out anyway.
I can’t see any point in going there, when we can just call instead.
我看你没有必要去那儿，我们打个电话就行了。
There’s no point in quarrelling with each other.
彼此争吵下去没有意义了。
There’s no need to do sth 没必要做某事
There’s no way doing 没法做某事
There’s no sense in doing 没道理做某事
It is no good/use doing 做---没用/没好处
There is no need for you to buy the book. 你没必要买那本书。
It is no good/use complaining. 怨天尤人是没有用的。
* v. 指着，朝向
He pointed to the green hill and smiled.他指着青山笑了。
The needle of a compass points to the north.罗盘针指向北方。
He pointed out the finest picture to me.他把最好的图画指给我看。
2. engage vt. * 订婚
engage sb. to sb.使某人与某人订婚
be engaged to sb.与某人订婚（状态）
get engaged to sb. 与某人订婚（动作）
Mary engaged herself to a Frenchman.
= Mary was engaged to a Frenchman.
玛丽和一个法国人订了婚。
They have been engaged for six months.他们订婚已经六个月了。
He got engaged last month.他上个月订婚了。
* 忙于 be engaged in
Please wait a minute; he is engaged now.请稍等，他正有事呢。
He was engaged in his homework.他忙着写作业。
The line is busy/engaged, please wait for a short while.电话占线，请等一会儿。
be busy with sth./ be busy (in) doing sth.
He was busy making phone calls.他忙着打电话。
* 雇佣，聘用
He engaged my sister as his secretary.他雇佣我妹妹当秘书。
3. seek (sought, sought) v.
* 寻找，探索，追求
We should seek truth from facts.我们应该实事求是。
They were trying to seek shelter from the rain.他们在寻找避雨的地方。
The reason is not far to seek.道理很显然。
* 征求，请求
seek sth. (from sb.) = ask sb. for sth.
He sought his doctor’s advice.他征求医生的意见。
You must seek permission from the manager.
= You must ask the manager for permission.
你必须请求经理批准。
* 试图，设法 seek to do sth.
They are seeking to mislead us.他们竭力误导我们。
They sought to kill him.他们企图杀死他。
seek sb./sth. out 找出或找到某人
seek after/for 寻找，探索
seek one’s fortune 寻找致富及成功之道
4. similar adj.
* 相似的，类似的
We have similar hobbies.我们有类似的爱好。
Those who share similar interest can be friends.有共同兴趣的人能成为朋友。
* A is similar to B in --- A和B在---方面相似
in a similar way 与---相似的方式
similar terms 同类项
Your views on education are similar to mine.你的教育观点和我类似。
My wife and I have similar tastes in music.我妻子和我在音乐方面有相似的爱好。
Gold is similar in color to brass.金和黄铜的颜色相似。
*
similarly adv. 相似地
similarity n. 相似之处
Are there any similarities between the two brothers 这两兄弟有任何相似之处吗？
高考链接：
Our bodies are strengthened by taking exercise. _____, our minds are developed by learning. (NMET2000上海)
A. Probably B. Likely C. Similarly D. Generally
答案 C
分析 句中将our minds与our bodies进行类比，因此应选similarly 相似地，类似地。
5. doubt
* v. 怀疑，疑惑
I doubt whether he will come.我看他不见得会来。
I don’t doubt that he will come.我相信他会来。
You cannot doubt your own existence.你不能怀疑你的存在。
I doubt the truth of this report.我怀疑这项报告的真实性。
I doubt if that was what he wanted.我不能确定那是否是他所要的。
* n. 怀疑，疑问，疑虑
There is no doubt about it.这是毫无疑问的。
I have no doubt that you will succeed.我毫不怀疑你会成功。
I have no doubt of your ability.我相信你的能力。
in doubt 拿不准
beyond doubt; without doubt 无疑地
He is in doubt (about) what to do.他尚未确定做些什么。
Don’t worry. He will come back without doubt.别担心，他一定会回来的。
#：doubt用于疑问句或否定句中，相关从句用that; 用于肯定句中，相关从句用疑问词引导。
6. ruin
* v. 毁坏，糟蹋掉
Heavy smoking ruined his health.吸烟过量毁坏了他的健康。
You will ruin your prospects if you continue to be so foolish.
如果你继续此种愚行，你将自毁前程。
The storm ruined the crops.暴风雨摧毁了农作物。
* n. 毁坏，灭亡
ruins 废墟，遗迹
The news meant the ruin of all our hopes.这消息使我们的一切希望都破灭了。
The castle has fallen into ruin.那个城堡已破败不堪。
The ruins of ancient Rome were excavated out.在罗马的遗迹被发掘出来了。
The old empty house went to rack and ruin.这所旧的空房子很快就毁掉了。
* damage 指“损坏”，一般指部分性地损坏
destroy 指彻底的破坏，无法修复
His heart was slightly damaged as a result of her long illness.
长期生病使她的心脏受到轻度损坏。
The building was completely destroyed by the fire.这座房子被大火烧光了。
I was ruined by the case; I am ruined man.我被那场官司毁了，我破产了。
7. only修饰状语或状语从句位于句首，句子部分倒装，即把谓语的助动词放到主语之前，谓语用原形。
Only then did I realize its importance.直到那时我才认识到它的重要性。
Only in this way can we learn English well.只有通过这种方式，我们才能学好英语。
Only when the war was over could he go on studying.只有战争结束，他才能够继续学习。
Only when the class began did he remember that he had left his book at home.
上课时他才记起来他把书落在家里了。
* only修饰主语位于句首时，句子不倒装。
Only a few important people know about it.只有少数重要的人知道这件事。
高考链接：
______ can you expect to get a pay rise. (NMET2000春季)
A. With hard work B. Although work hard C. Only with hard work D. Now that he works hard
答案 C
分析 该句为倒装句，只有C能够成倒装的条件，而且意思合适。
8. switch
* 转换，交换位置
Our glasses have been switched. This is mine.咱俩的玻璃杯对调了，这个是我的。
Let’s switch our seats.咱们换一下座位吧。
* 转变或改变
Many voters are switched to Labor.许多选举人改投工党的票。
Switch the conversation to a different topic.改变谈话的话题。
You drive first and then we’ll switch round.你先开车，一会儿咱们换着开。
switch off 切断（电流等）；感到乏味
switch on 接通电流，开（电器等）
I switch off when he starts to talk about cars.他一谈汽车我就厌烦。
When I switched on the light, I found the room had been robbed.
我开灯后发现房间已被盗。
n. 开关；变化
Turn on the light switch.打开灯的开关。
He made a switch from publishing to teaching.他由出版工作改做教学工作。
9．balance
n. 天平，秤；平衡，平稳
Please weigh the salt with a balance.请用天平称一下盐的分量。
Riders need a good sense of balance.骑车的人必须善于保持平衡。
He kept his balance with his arms on top of the wall.他在墙上用双臂保持平衡。
She cycled too fast round the corner, lost her balance and fell off.
她骑车因拐弯太快，失去平衡后摔倒了。
v. 保持平衡
He can balance a ball on his finger.他能把球稳放在手指上。
Be sure to balance the expenditure with the income.务必使收支平衡。
This school aims to balance the amount of time spent in arts and science subjects.
这所学校在时间安排上努力做到文理并重。
*balanced adj. 平衡的，稳定的
The editor’s job is to keep the newspaper balanced and interesting to the readers.
对读者来说，编辑的工作是使报纸的内容既均衡又有意义。
You need a balanced diet.你需要均衡的饮食。
10. 第几次作某事句型
It’s the first/second time that ---has/have done---
It was the first/second time that --- had done---
It’s the first time that I have come to Beijing.这是我第一次来北京。
It was the third time that he had been blamed by the teacher.
这是他第三次受到老师责备。
This is the first time that I have heard of it.这是我第一次听说这件事。
* It’s (high) time that ---did/should do--- 是该做什么的时候了
It’s time I went and picked up my little girl from school.我该去学校接我女儿了。
It’s high time that we should get down to business.是该干正事的时候了。
It’s time for supper.该吃晚饭了。 It’s time for them to do cleaning.他们该去打扫卫生了。
11. fire v.
* 解雇，开除
The company fired him for not coming to work on time.
那个公司因为他不按时上班而解雇他。
He was immediately fired from the university. 他立即被大学开除了。
He was fired because he was always making mistakes. 他因为老在工作中犯错误而被解雇。
* 开枪，射击
They fired (their guns) at the enemy.他们向敌人开枪。
We must find out who fired the first shot.我们必须查清谁开的枪。
He fired several shots at the target.他向目标射出了几发子弹。
* 激发（想象力）
This event fired the imagination of many artists.这件事使很多艺术家受到启发。
Adventure stories fired his imagination.冒险小说激发他的想象力。
fire up 勃然大怒
When he heard the news he fired up.听了那消息，他勃然大怒。
12. look up to=respect 尊敬，钦佩
He’s a fine teacher. We’ve always look up to him. She has always looked up to her father.
相关短语：
look down upon/on看不起 look back回顾 look after照料 look for寻找 look forward to期待
look into向里看；调查 look on---as---将---看作-- look out当心 look through快速阅读 look up向上看；查阅
We can look up the word in the dictionary.
我们可以在字典里查阅这个词。
The peasants looked upon him as a specialist.
农民们把他看作专家。
I look down upon those who always rely on others.
我看不起那些总是依赖别人的人。
13. face v.
* 面向，朝着
All the houses there face south.
那里所有的房子都朝南。
She did not want to face those people again.
她不愿意再和那些人见面。
Turn round and face me.
转过身来对着我。
The window faces the street.
那扇窗子面临街道。
* 面临，正视，勇敢面对
The army often faced a serious shortage of food.
那时部队经常面临粮食短缺的问题。
We must face these difficulties and overcome them.
我们必须正视困难，加以克服。
We have no choice but to face the dangers.
除了勇敢面对危险，我们别无选择。
Thus they have correctly solved the urgent problems facing them.
face the music毅然面对考验或危险 face sth. out坚持到底，不让步 face up to sth勇敢承认和面对
We should face up to the fact that we are no longer young.
我们应该勇敢承认和面对我们已不再年轻这一事实。
14. burn down
* 烧掉，焚毁 (burn sth. to the ground)
A number of houses were burnt down in the fire.
好些房子在火灾中都烧毁了。
The house burnt down in half an hour.
那所房子在半小时内就被焚为平地。
Their houses, too, were burnt to the ground.
他们的房子也被烧毁了。
* （火）渐渐烧完，减弱
The room grew colder as the fire burnt down.
随着炉火越来越弱，房间越来越冷。
burn off烧掉 burn out因燃料用尽而熄灭，精疲力竭 burn the midnight oil挑灯夜战，开夜车
The fire burned out. 炉火熄灭了。
Don’t be too tired to burn yourself out.
别太累让自己精疲力竭。
He has the habit of burning the midnight oil before tests.
考试前他有挑灯夜战的习惯。
15. inform
v. 通知，告之
inform sb. of sth.
inform sb. + 从句
inform against/on/upon sb. 告发某人
Did you inform them of the progress of the work
你通知他们工作的进展情况了吗？
We were informed that two prisoners had escaped.
我们听说有两个犯人逃跑了。
Have you informed them of your intended departure
你通知了他们你想离开吗？
I informed them where to go.
我告诉了他们去哪儿。
The thief informed on his accompany.
那个小偷供出了他的同伙。
informer n. 告密者，检举人
information n. 通知，情报，消息
informed adj. 有知识的，了解情况的，见闻广的
He is a well-informed man. You should keep us informed whenever you are in trouble.
他是个消息灵通人士。 一有麻烦你就应该告诉我们。
16. prefer, would rather 宁愿，更喜欢（无比较级和最高级）*
1) prefer sth./doing sth.
prefer to do/sb. to do
prefer sth. to sth.
prefer doing to doing
prefer to do rather than do
prefer + 宾语从句（从句谓语用should do， should可省略）
I prefer his view. Which do you prefer, tea or coffee
我更喜欢他的观点。 你更喜欢哪一样，茶还是咖啡？
They prefer walking. He preferred spending weekends by himself
他们宁可步行。 他更喜欢一个人过周末。
She prefer to go to work by bus. They prefer you to go there./ They prefer that you (should) go there.
她宁可搭公共汽车上班。 他们觉得你还是去那里好。
I prefer you to give me some advice. I prefer the country to the town.
我更喜欢你给我提些建议。 我喜欢乡村，不喜欢城市。
They prefer walking to cycling. They prefer to go with us rather than stay at home.
他们宁可步行也不愿意骑自行车。 他们宁可和我们一起去也不愿意待在家里。
* preference n. 偏好，喜爱
have a preference for sth. 偏爱某物
She has a preference for pets. 她爱养宠物。
2) would rather (not) do
would rather do than do
would rather + 宾语从句（从句使用虚拟语气，对现在和将来的虚拟用一般过去时，对过去的虚拟用过去完成时。）
---How about a drink
---I would rather have something to eat.
I would rather not go out tonight, if you don’t mind.
He would rather have red apples than green ones.
I would rather talk with her mother than with her father.
I would rather you told me the truth.
I would rather he had told me about it.
高考链接：
Rather than ____ on a crowded bus, he always prefers _____a bicycle. (NMET1994)
A. ride, ride B. riding, ride C. ride, to ride D. to ride, riding
答案 C
分析 prefer to do rather than do 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
17. impress
* vt. 压，印；铭刻，给---以深刻印象
impress sb. with./impress sth. on sb.
be impressed by (with /at)
His parents try to impress on him that it is very important to be honest.
他的父母尽力让他记住诚实是很重要的。
He was deeply impressed by what he had seen in China.
在中国见到的一切给他留下了深刻的印象。
Impress wax with a seal./ Impress a seal on wax.
用印盖在火漆上。
His words are strongly impressed on my memory.
他的话深深铭刻在我心头。
The book did not impress me at all.
这本书没有给我任何印象。
I impressed on him the importance of work.
我使他知道工作的重要性。
* impression n. 印象
make a/an --- impression on sb. 给某人留下---的印象
have a/an --- impression of --- 对---有---看法
The speech made a strong impression on the House.
这个演说给议员们留下了深刻印象。
What were your first impressions of London
你对伦敦的最初印象如何？
It’s my impression that he doesn’t want to come.
我觉得他好象想不起来。
18. pull down
* 拆毁，拆除
The old houses were being pulled down.
那些旧房子正在拆除中。
The government plan to pull down the building and rebuild it.
政府计划推倒那幢楼重建一座。
It’s easier to pull down than to build up.
拆房容易盖房难。
* 拉下（帘子等）
Shall I pull down the blinds
我可以放下百叶窗吗？
Can you pull down the curtain The light is too strong.
你可以放下窗帘吗？光线太强了。
* pull sb. down 使---虚弱
His long illness had pulled him down.
他因长期患病身体虚弱。
An attack of influenza soon pulls you down.
得一次流行感冒很快就会使你虚弱下来。
pull up 拔起；（车子）停下
pull in （列车）到达，进站
pull off 脱下
pull on 穿上
pull through 度过难关
He told the children not to pull up the young plants.
他让孩子们不要把幼苗拔起来。
The car pulled up in front of the hotel.
汽车在旅馆前停了下来。
19. of + n.
* of + 抽象名词（如importance, help, value, use等）
The matter is of great importance.
= The matter is very important.
这件事情很重要。
I don’t find anything of interest in today’s newspaper.
= I don’t find anything interesting in today’s newspaper.
今天的报纸上我没看见什么有趣的内容。
Is it of any use to you
= Is it useful to you
这对你有用吗？
This dictionary is of great value for English learners.
= This dictionary is very valuable for English learners.
这本字典对学习英语的人很有价值。
* of + 具体名词（表示大小，尺寸，形状，高低等）
The two sisters are of the same height.
这两姐妹同样高。
Coins may be of different sizes, weights, shapes, and of different metals.
硬币的大小、重量、形状以及所铸造的金属可能不一样。
I would like two cups of the same shape.
我想要两个形状相同的杯子。
20. despite prep. 尽管，不管，任凭
despite sth./doing sth. = in spite of
Despite the traffic jam, he arrived there on time.
尽管交通拥挤，他还是准时到达了那儿。
They had a wonderful holiday, despite the bad weather.
尽管天气不好，他们的假日还是过得极为愉快。
We should remain modest despite our achievement.
尽管取得成就，我们应该保持谦虚的态度。
Despite working hard, he failed again.
尽管很努力，他还是又失败了。
Despite not passing the exam, he decided to try again.
尽管没有通过考试，他决定再试一次。
21. belong to 属于 （没有进行时和被动语态）
These books belong to me.
这些书是我的。
That lid belongs to this jar.
那个盖子是配这个罐子的。
I belong to the tennis club.
我是这个网球俱乐部的人员。
* belongings n. 财产，所有物
The tourists lost all their belongings in the hotel fire.
因旅馆失火，游客财物尽失。
Book 2 Unit 4---6
一、重点词汇、短语与句型
1.put together把…结合在一起,装配 2.play with 玩，玩耍 3.call up召唤，使人想起，（给…）打电话，提出（议案等） 4.stand out突出，显眼 5.light up照亮，点上（烟等） 6.come into being出现，形成 7.send for使某人来到，要求将某物取来或送到 8.contribute to…为…作贡献（或捐款），有助于 9.consist of 由…组成 10.be made up of…由…组成 11.make the most of充分利用，充分展示 12.hold together（使）连在一起，（使）团结一致 13.the Atlantic Ocean大西洋
14.in general 一般地，大体上 15.catch a glimpse of瞥见 16.keep in touch with与…保持联系
17.pay attention to注意，留意 18.deal with处理，安排 19.in store贮藏着，准备着
20.sound absurd 听起来荒诞 21.imitate the real world模仿现实世界 22.distance education 远程教育 23.be well-prepared for为…做好准备 24.raise sheep养羊 25.at one point在某处
26.face difficulties面对困难 27.be surrounded by…被…围绕/包围 28.become independent独立
29.end up with以…结束 30.as far as…远达… 31.run over溢出，车辆等輾过 32.pay for one’s purchases购物付款
33.表达意图：
I’m interested to…but… I think I might want to… I want to… I’d like to…
I’ve never heard of…so… I’ve never read any…so… I think it will be too difficult to…
I think it will be boring… I hope to find… I don’t know much about…
I’m very interested in…so… I’m not very interested in…so…
34.表示猜想、假想：
We can only guess… No one can predict what/when… Just imagine if…
It’s possible/impossible to predict… It would be wonderful if… It would be bad for…if…
二、知识点归纳
1.stand out
*突出，脱颖而出，显眼
⑴He is a great singer. He stands out above the rest.
他是一个不错的歌手，他从许多歌手中脱颖而出。
⑵In this list two names stand out particularly.在这个名单中有两个名字引人注目。
⑶Her work stands out from the rest as easily the best.她的工作成绩远比其他人都好。
⑷She stands out in the crowd, for she is two meters in height.
她在人群中显得很突出，因为她身高两米。
*坚持
⑴We managed to stand out against all attempts to close the company down.
我们竭力顶住了要关闭公司的一切作法。
⑵They stood out until victory.他们坚持到胜利。
其他stand 短语：
stand by 袖手旁观，支持或援助某人，遵守
stand for 代表，象征
stand up for sb./sth 为某人/事说话，支持某人/事
stand over sb. 监视某人
stand aside 站到一边去，让开，不参与
⑴Stand aside to let him pass.站到一边去，让他过去。
⑵Don’t stand aside and let others do all the work.不要什么都不干，事情都让别人做。
⑶I’ll stand by you whatever happens.无论发生什么事情，我都会支持你。
⑷She still stands by every word she said.她仍然信守自己说过的每一句话。
⑸How can you stand by and let him treat his dog like that
他那样虐待他的狗，你怎能袖手旁观呢？
⑹What does ‘T. G.’ stand for in ‘T.G. Smith’
T.G. Smith中的T.G. 是哪两个字母的缩写？
⑺Don’t stand over me while I am cooking.我做饭的时候别盯着我。
⑻I hate to have my boss standing over me.我不喜欢上司监督我。
⑼You must stand up for your rights.你一定要维护自己的权利。
2.come into being出现，形成，产生
⑴Modern English came into being from about the middle of the 16th century.
现代英语大约是从十六世纪的中叶开始形成的。
⑵Thus the first railway in China came into being.这样中国的第一条铁路就形成了。
类似结构：
come into fashion 开始流行
come into existence 开始形成
come into force 开始生效
come into consideration 开始考虑
come into sight 看见
come into use 开始使用
⑴We were happy when the house came into sight because we had been walking for three hours.
有看到那所房子时，我们很高兴，因为我们已经走了三个小时了。
⑵Long skirts have come into fashion again. 长裙子又流行起来了。
⑶When do the new safety rules come into force 新的安全规则何时生效？
⑷When did the world come into existence 世界是什么时候产生的？
⑸Electronic computers have come into wide use.电脑已广泛使用起来了。
3.contribute to…
*有助于，促成
⑴Does smoking contribute to lung cancer 吸烟会导致肺癌吗？
⑵Plenty of fresh air contributes to good health.多吸新鲜空气有助于身体健康。
*出（钱、力、主意等），捐助，捐赠
⑴The chairman encouraged everyone to contribute to the discussion.主席鼓励大家参加讨论。
⑵They contributed huge amounts of their own time to the project.
他们把自己的大量时间花在这个工程上。
*撰稿，投稿
⑴She has contributed （several poems） to literary magazines.她给文学刊物投了（几首诗）稿。
⑵In general I write books, but sometimes I contribute to the newspaper.
一般情况下我写书，但有时候也给报社投稿。
*contribution n. 捐助，投稿，稿件
contributory adj. 有贡献的，捐助的
contributor n. 捐助者，投稿者
⑴We should make greater contributions to the cause of socialism.
我们应当为社会主义事业做出更大的贡献。
⑵Your stupidity was a contributory cause of the fire.你的愚蠢是这次火灾的一个原因。
⑶He is a regular contributor to our magazine.他是我们杂志的定期撰稿人。
4.distance n. 距离，远方
常用搭配：
in the distance在远处，在远方
at a distance在一定距离的地方
at a distance of在…远的地方
keep one’s distance （from sb./sth.）与某人/某物保持一定距离
keep sb. at a distance与某人保持一定距离，不愿与某人接近
go the distance（尤指运动）继续跑完全程
⑴Nobody thought he’d last 15 rounds , but he went the full distance.
没有人认为他会坚持15个回合，然而他打满了全局。
⑵I would keep my distance from that dog, if I were you.我要是你，就离那条狗远一点。
⑶The sound of the waterfall can be heard at a distance of two miles.
在两英里远的地方就能听到瀑布的声音。
⑷We saw a light in the distance.我们看到远处有灯光。
⑸The picture looks better at a distance.这副画远看更好一些。
⑹It was difficult to get to know her because she always kept everyone at a distance.
很难了解她，因为她总是跟每个人保持着一定的距离。
*distant adj. 遥远的，远隔的，远亲的
⑴She is a distant cousin of mine.她是我的远方表妹。
⑵Can you hear the distant sound of a bell 你能听到遥远的钟声吗？
⑶He lives five miles distant from here.他住的地方离这里有五英里远。
高考题链接：
The faces of four famous American presidents on Mount Rushmore can be seen from a _______ of 60 miles.（2004全国高考---4）
A. length B. distance C. way D. space
分析： length 长度，way 道路，方法，space空间， distance距离。题意为：从60英里开外可以看到在拉什莫尔山上四位美国总统的头像。
答案：B
5.in general 一般地，大体上
⑴In general, people prefer a comedy to tragedy.一般说来，人们喜欢喜剧而不是喜欢悲剧。
⑵In general her work has been good, but this essay is dreadful.
总的说来，她的作品不错，不过这篇文章糟透了。
*generally adv. 通常，一般说来
generally speaking 一般来讲
as a general rule 在通常情况下，一般而言
⑴I generally get up early.我平常起的很早。
⑵Generally speaking, it’s quite a fair settlement.大致上说，这样解决很恰当。
⑶Generally, the weather in Britain is neither too cold in winter nor too hot in summer.
一般来讲，英国的天气冬天不会太冷，夏天不会太热。
⑷As a general rule he goes to bed late.一般而言，他睡觉晚。
高考题链接：
In _____ the northerners are keen on dumplings while the southerners are fond of rice.（2003上海春招）
A. common B. total C. general D. particular
分析：本题题意为：一般来说北方人喜欢吃水饺，而南方人喜欢吃大米。in common 共同，共用，in total 总共，in general一般来说，in particular特别，尤其。
答案：C
6.influence n. 影响，作用
常用搭配：
influence on/upon/over… 对…有影响，对…有支配力
under the influence of… 在…的影响下
⑴Literature and art have a great influence upon people’s ideology.
文艺对人们的思想有很大的影响。
⑵He has a strange influence over the girl.他对这个女孩有一种奇妙的影响。
⑶He is a bad influence on my daughter.他对我女儿有一个坏的影响。
⑷He was charged with driving under the influence of alcohol.他被控酒后驾车。
vt. 影响，感化
⑴The labour enthusiasm of the workers strongly influenced us.
工人们的劳动热情强烈地感染了我们。
⑵What influenced you to do it 是什么促使你去做那件事的。
*influential adj. 有影响的
考题链接：
Over-heating development might have bad ____ on the national economy.
A. cause B. influence C. result D. factor
分析：have bad influence on sb./sth 对…有坏影响
7.own v. 拥有，领有
⑴The house is mine. I own it.这房子是我的，归我所有。
⑵She owns a car but rarely drives it. 她有一辆车，但很少开。
⑶Who owns this land 这块土地是谁的？
* pron. 属于自己的
常用搭配：
on one’s own 独自，靠自己
of one’s own 属于某人自己的
come into one’s own 获得应有的荣誉、承认、名声等
hold one’s own（against sb./sth） 坚守立场；不被击败
⑴She can certainly hold her own against anybody in an argument.
她在辩论中决不会输给任何人。
⑵Children need toys of their own.儿童需要有自己的玩具。
⑶She lives on her own.她独自过日子。
⑷Although her father is in the firm she got the job on her own.
尽管她父亲在公司里，但她那份工作却是靠自己得到的。
⑸She really comes into her own when someone is ill.
有人生病时才真正看出她的为人。
⑹This car really comes into its own on rough ground.
这辆汽车在颠簸的路上才真正显示出它独特的性能。
8.consist of 由…构成，由…组成
⑴The committee consists of ten members.委员会由十人组成。
⑵The city of New York consists of five boroughs.纽约市有五个行政区。
* consist in 在于，存在于
⑴The beauty of the plan consists in its simplicity.这个计划的好处就在于简单易行。
⑵The true wealth does not consist in what we have, but in what we are.
真正的财富不是财产，而是人格。
⑶The beauty of the picture consists in its balance of colors.这副画的美在于其色彩的调和。
*consist with 与…并存，一致
Theory should consist with practice.理论应与实践相一致。
9.remain vi. 留下，逗留
link-v. 仍然是，保持是
常用搭配：
remain + 名词/形容词/分词/介词短语
remain + to be +形容词/名词短语
sth remains to be done 某事有待于去做
⑴I remain in London until May.我在伦敦一直呆到五月。
⑵When others had gone, he remained and helped the host wash dishes.
别人都走了，他留下来帮助主人洗碗。
⑶He remained silent. 他保持着沉默。
⑷She remained sitting there. 她仍然坐在那里。
⑸The natural beauty of the country remained unchanged.那个国家的天然美景仍然不变。
⑹In spite of their quarrel, they remained the best friends.
他们尽管吵过架，却仍不失为最好的朋友。
⑺It remains to be seen whether you are right.你是否正确，以后可见分晓。
⑻Much remains to be done.要做的事还很多。
⑼His brother became a teacher while he remained a peasant.
他的哥哥成了教师而他还是农民。
⑽We shall remain in touch with him.我们将与他保持联系。
高考题链接：
The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the _____.
（1999上海高考）
A.20 dollars remained B.20 dollars to remain
C. remained 20 dollars D. remaining 20 dollars
分析：remain作不及物动词时，没有过去分词作定语这种用法，因此排除C，也没有作宾语补足语用法，排除A, B项不定式表示‘将剩下’不合题意。
答案：D
10.deal with 处置，处理；与…打交道，对付；论述；与…做买卖
⑴In spite of his illness, he continued to deal with problems of all kinds.
尽管生病了，他还继续处理各种各样的问题。
⑵There were so many difficulties for them to deal with.他们有那么多的困难要处理。
⑶I’ll deal with decimals in the next lesson.下一堂课我要讲小数。
⑷I intend to deal with contemporary writers in a separate article.
我打算在另一篇文章里论述当代作家。
⑸How would you deal with an armed burglar
你怎样对付闯进来的持有武器的强盗？
⑹The businessman is very honest, so you can deal safely with him.
那个商人很诚实，你可以放心地去和他做生意。
⑺He is hard to deal with.很难和他相处。
* deal in …经营…
⑴My bank deals in stocks and shares now.我们银行现在经营债务与股票。
⑵We deal in hardware but not software.我们只经营硬件不经营软件。
*辨析：表示“如何处理时”，deal with常和how搭配使用，而do with常和what搭配使用。
⑴They didn’t know how to deal with the old machine.他们不知如何处理这台旧机器。
⑵I don’t know what to do with the old bicycle.我不知道如何处理这辆旧自行车。
11.play with 玩耍，与…一起玩，玩弄，轻率对待某事物
⑴The boy is playing with a toy.这个小男孩在玩玩具。
⑵What comedians have in common with the players in a comedy is their way of playing with words.
滑稽演员与喜剧中的表演者的共同之处就是他们玩弄辞藻的方式。
⑶He who plays with fire gets burned.玩火者自焚。
⑷He is playing with his friends.他正在和他的朋友玩。
⑸She is playing with the idea of starting her own business.
她胡乱想着自己开业的事。
⑹Can you come and play with us 你能来和我们一起玩吗？
* play 表示“打球”，“与…比赛”，“扮演”，“演奏”，用作及物动词
⑴Can you play the violin 你会拉小提琴吗？
⑵They are playing ‘Carmen’ at the Coliseum.他们在伦敦的大剧场上演《卡门》。
⑶Have you played her at tennis yet 你同她比赛过网球了吗？
⑷We often play football after school.我们经常在放学后踢足球。
12.pay attention to 注意 （其中to是介词）
⑴You should pay more attention to your reading and writing.你应更加注意你的读和写。
⑵Please pay attention to what he is saying.请注意他在说些什么。
常见的attention搭配：
with attention 专心地
attract /draw sb.’s attention （to…） 引起某人的注意
devote one’s attention to… 专心于
give one’s attention to… 注意
catch sb’s attention 引起某人的注意
stand at attention 立正
⑴You must give your full attention to what you are doing.你必须全神贯注地做你所做的事。
⑵I keep trying to attract the waiter’s attention.我不断示意招呼服务员。
⑶A newspaper headline caught his attention.报纸的大字标题引起了他的注意。
⑷She drew my attention to an error in the report.她要我注意报告中的一处错误。
⑸He listened with attention.他专心地听。
13.require vt. 要求
常用于以下搭配：
require sb.to do sth. 要求某人做某事
require that sb. （should） do sth. 要求某人做某事
⑴I am required immediately to report to the headquarters.
要我立即向司令部报到。
⑵They require that I （should）go at once.他们要求我立刻去。
* 需要（相当于need）
require doing
=require to be done 需要…
⑴These young seedlings will require looking after carefully.
=These young seedlings will require to be looked after carefully.
这些幼苗需要细心照料。
⑵This bicycle requires repairing.
=This bicycle requires to be repaired.
这辆自行车需要修理。
*requirement n. 需要，要求
考题链接：
The house is old. It requires ________.
A. to repair B. repaired C. repairing D. repair
分析：require当‘需要’讲时，常用 require doing或require to be done
答案：C
14.call up
* 打电话
⑴I’ll call you up at about eight o’clock.我八点钟左右给你打电话。
⑵On reaching the city, I called up the office.一到那个城市我就给办公室打电话。
* 唤起，使回忆起
⑴The picture called up the story of Tom Sawyer.那副画使人想起汤姆·索亚的故事。
⑵The song calls up memories of my childhood.这首歌唤起我对童年的回忆。
*征召（服役）
He was called up in 1917.他1917年应征入伍。
*其他动词和副词up的搭配：
tidy up 收拾干净
tie up 绑好，捆好
nail up 用钉子钉起来
clear up （天气）放晴，整洁，清理
add up 加起来
fasten up 固定好
save up 贮存
15.form
*n. 形式,形态,表格
常用搭配：
in the form of… 以…的形式
fill in a form 填表格
take the form of 采取…的形式
be in good form 竞技状态良好
⑴They took the form of armed struggle.他们采取了武装斗争的形式。
⑵Their diet contains a lot of fat in the form of potato crisps, potato chips, butter, cream and chocolate.
他们的食物有炸土豆片，炸土豆条，黄油，奶酪和巧克力，这些都含有大量的脂肪。
⑶He filled in the form in ink.他用钢笔填表格。
⑷After six months’ training, the whole team is in good form.
全队经过六个月的训练竞技状态好。
* v. 形成，建立
短语搭配：
form the habit of doing sth 养成做某事的习惯
⑴The labour leader was asked to form a government.要求工党领袖组织政府。
⑵His research formed the basis of his new book.他的研究成果是他这本新书的基础。
⑶We have formed the habit of getting up early.我们已养成了早起的好习惯。
高考题链接：
Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures _____ in your mind instead of before your eyes.（2004全国高考—1）
A. to form B. form C. forming D. having formed
分析：题意为：阅读与看电视的体验完全不同，读书是在脑海里形成画面而看电视是在眼前有画面。Forming现在分词做定语，表示同时发生的事情
答案：C
16.judge
*n. 法官，裁判员，鉴赏家，鉴定家
⑴The judge found him guilty and sentenced him to five years.法官判决他有罪，入狱五年。
⑵The case came before Judge Cooper last week.该案上周呈交库珀法官审理。
⑶The judges’ decision is final.裁判的决定即是最终决定。
⑷He is a good judge of wine.他是一个鉴别酒的行家。
*v. 判定，判断，审判，审理
短语搭配：
judge sb.（to be） 判断某人
judging from/by… 从…判断起来
⑴As far as I can judge, they are all to blame.拒我判断，他们都有责任。
⑵Judging from the previous experience, he will be late.根据以往的经验来看，他得迟到。
⑶I judge him （to be） a skilled worker.我判定他是一个熟练工人。
⑷Judging from/by his accent, he must be from the South.从他的口音判断，他来自南方。
考题链接：
_____ from the number of cars, he thought, there were not many people at the club yet.
A. To judge B. Judged C. Judging D. Having judged
分析：judging from/by… 由…判断，为固定结构
答案：C
17.run over 溢出
⑴The water is running over.水在溢出。
⑵The river is running over its banks and we shall be flooded.
河水正在漫过河岸，我们就要受淹了。
*（车辆等）辗过
⑴She was run over yesterday when she was crossing the street.
昨天她在过马路的时候被车辗过了。
⑵He ran over a cat last night.
他昨天晚上开车轧着了一只猫。
⑶Two children were run over by a lorry and killed.
有两个孩子被一辆卡车轧死了。
* 快速阅读某物，温习或演习某事物
⑴I always run over my lines before going on stage.
我登台演出前总要温习一下台词。
⑵I ran over my notes before giving the lecture.
我讲课前把讲稿匆匆看了一遍。
高考题链接：
Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may _____ run over by a car.
（2002北京春招）
A. have B. get C. become D. turn
分析：run over是及物动词短语，意思是‘碾过’，get后接过去分词表示被动。这句话的意思是“穿过这条繁忙的马路时一定要小心。否则，你就会被汽车压着。”
答案：B
18.save sb.from sth./doing sth. 挽救某人，使某人免于…
⑴I saved the boy from drowning.
我救了那个溺水的小男孩。
⑵A police officer saved the tourist from being cheated.
一位警官使游客免于受骗。
相似结构：
prevent …from… 阻止…
keep…from… 阻止…
stop…from… 阻止…
protect…from… 保护…，使某人免受…
⑴What prevented him from going
什么事阻止了他去。
⑵No one can stop us from taking the socialist road.
没人能阻止我们走社会主义道路。
⑶Please keep the children from swimming in the sea.
请别让孩子到海里游泳。
⑷He raised his arm to protect his face from the blow.
他抬起胳膊挡住向他脸部打来的一拳。
其他save短语搭配：
save one’s life 挽救某人的生命
save one’s breath 不必白费口舌
save（sb.’s）face 保全面子
save the situation 挽回局势，度过难关
⑴You can save your breath. You’ll never persuade her.
别白费口舌了，你决说服不了她。
⑵Though she’d lost her job, she saved face by saying she’d left it willingly.
尽管她失去了工作，但她却说是自愿离职以保全面子。
⑶Disagreements threatened to wreck the peace talks, but the president’s intervention saved the situation.
讲和谈判因意见分歧险些失败，而会长从中周旋方转危为安。
⑷The doctor worked through the night to save the life of the injured man.
医生彻夜工作以拯救伤者的性命。
19.pay attention to
Pay attention to what I am saying.
注意听我的讲话。
pay back 偿付，报答
pay a visit to… 参观、访问…
pay sb.a visit 拜访某人
pay off 还清
pay for 付出代价，受到惩罚
⑴How can I pay you back for all your kindness
你的这番好意我该如何报答呢？
⑵Have you paid me back the money you owe me yet
你向我借的钱还给我了吗？
⑶I’ll pay you a visit next week.
我将于下周去拜访你。
⑷The reactionaries will have to pay for what they have done.
反动派必将因他们的所作所为而受到惩处。
20.hold together 团结一致，连在一起，保持完整
⑴The car’s bodywork scarcely holds together.这汽车的车身简直要散架了。
⑵The country needs a leader who will hold the nation together.
该国需要一个能使全国团结的领袖。
⑶The Tory party always holds together in times of crisis.
保守党在在紧要关头总是能团结一致。
其他hold短语搭配：
hold on to sth 保留某物，抓住某物
hold up 阻碍或延误…；抬高
hold on 坚持住
hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
hold oneself in 压住（怒火等）
hold a meeting 举行会议
⑴Road-works on the motorway are holding up traffic.
高速公路上的道路施工影响了交通。
⑵Our flight was held up by fog.
我们的班机因大雾而停航。
⑶They managed to hold on until help arrived.
他们设法坚持直到有救援来到。
⑷Hold your head up.
把头抬起来。
⑸Hold your breath and keep still.
屏住呼吸，不要动。
⑹He held on to a branch until we came to his rescue.
他抓住一根树枝，直到我们把他救下来。
⑺He couldn’t hold himself in.
他克制不住自己的感情。
⑻We held a meeting to discuss the plan.
我们开了会来讨论这个计划。
高考题链接：
We thought of selling this old furniture, but we’ve decided to ______ it. It might be valuable.（2002全国高考）
A. hold on to B. keep up with C. turn to D. look after
分析：hold on to 保留某物，keep up with保持，赶上，turn to求助于, look after照顾。题意为：我们本想把家具卖掉，但我们还是决定把家具留下来，说不定这家具挺值钱
答案：A
Book 2 Unit 7---9
一、重点词汇、短语与句型
1.live with忍受，与…住在一起 2.die of死于… 3.cheer（…）up（使）感到振奋，（使）感到高兴
4.suffer from 遭受 5.on the contrary正相反 6.for the moment暂时，目前
7.free from…不受…的影响，没有…的 8.keep in mind记住 9.roll over翻转，倒转
10.in honor of 向…表示敬意，为庆祝…，为纪念… 11.in case of…假使，以防
12.a list of…一张…的清单 13.the United Nations 联合国 14.take part in参加，参与（某事物）
15.take action采取行动 16.air conditioner空气调节器 17.in harmony with与…协调
18.put an end to…结束 19.wipe out消灭，擦洗…的内部，去除 20.advise sb.（not）to do sth.劝某人（不）做某事 21.be/become infected with…感染上 22.spread through blood 通过血液传播 23.break down the immune system破坏免疫系统 24.take every chance利用时机，碰碰运气 25.stay calm保持镇静
26.be worn out穿破，筋疲力尽 27.upside down倒转地，颠倒地，杂乱地 28.do whatever one can to do sth.竭尽全力做某事 29.clean drinking water干净的引用水 30.in rural areas在农村地区
31.make a big difference有很大影响 32.be bad for the environment对环境有害 33.spread across the world传遍全世界
34.take notes of做记录 35.first aid急救 36.mouth-to-mouth口对口的 37.flow out流出来
38.be determined to 决心
39.表明支持某种意见：
We must make sure that… It’s clear that… I believe that we must… I’m all for…
If nothing is done…, then… I can’t imagine that… Sure/Certainly/Absolutely.
It would be better if we… Is there a better way to…
40.描述虚拟情景：
If I were you, I would… I wish… If we/they were to …, we/they could… …as if…
二、知识点归纳
1.bleed v. 出血，流血；放血
常用搭配：
bleed for… （为事业、祖国）负伤或牺牲；悲痛
bleed sb（for sth） 向某人勒索（钱财等）
bleed sb white 榨取某人所有的钱
bleed to death 流血过多而死
⑴Doctors used to bleed people when they were ill.
从前医生常常给病人放血。
⑵If you cut your finger, it will bleed.
如果你割破手指，它就会流血。
⑶The blackmailers bled him for every penny he had.
勒索者把他的钱榨得一干二净。
⑷He was slowly bleeding to death.
他正慢慢流血而死。
⑸My heart bleeds for those poor unhappy children.
对那些不幸的穷孩子我心里感到很难过。
⑹Our hearts bleed for you.
我们为你感到悲痛。
⑺We’ll never forget those who bled for the revolution.
我们永远不会忘记为革命献身的人们。
* blood n. 血，血液
常用搭配：
bad blood（between A and B） 仇恨，恶感
make sb’s blood run cold 使人感到惧怕和恐怖
new/fresh blood （团体、公司、俱乐部等的）新人
make sb’ s blood boil 使某人非常气愤
flesh and blood 血肉之躯，人性
⑴There’s a lot of bad blood between those two families.
这两家人积怨很深。
⑵This company is badly in need of new blood.
这个公司急需新人。
⑶The sight of the dead body made his blood run cold.
他看见尸体不禁毛骨悚然。
⑷The way he treats his children makes my blood boil.
他那样对待他的孩子，我非常气愤。
⑸It was more than flesh and blood could bear.
这是血肉之躯无法忍受的。
* bloody adj. 血染的，出血的
bloodless adj. 不流血的，无伤亡的
blood bank 血库
blood-bath 大屠杀
blood group 血型
blood-poisoning 毒血症
blood transfusion 输血
blood sucker 吸血动物，吸血鬼
blood pressure 血压
blood test 验血
blood-red 血红的，鲜红的
2.honor
* n. 荣幸，荣誉
短语搭配：
do sb the honor （of doing sth） 使某人有特殊的荣幸
have the honor（of sth） 获得某种特殊的荣幸，有幸…
on one’s honor 在道义的促使下，以名誉或人格担保
in honor of… 为向…表示敬意，为纪念…，为庆祝…
in sb’s /sth’s honor 出于对…的敬意
⑴We are planning a big Christmas party in your honor.
我们正筹备为你举行一次盛大的圣诞晚会。
⑵This song is written in honor o f Lei Feng.
写这首歌是为了纪念雷锋。
⑶A monument was built in honor of the heroes who gave up their lives during the war.
为了纪念在战争中献身的英雄们，建立了一座纪念碑。
⑷Will you do me the honor of dining with me
可否赏光和我一起吃饭？
⑸May I have the honor of this dance
可以赏光和我跳个舞吗？
⑹He was on his honor not to tell the secret.
他用名誉担保决不泄密。
* v. 给某人以荣誉
短语搭配：
be honored for… 因…而受到尊敬
be/feel honored to do 很荣幸能做…
be/feel honored that …很荣幸能做…
⑴I am honored to be here with you.
能和你在这里我感到很荣幸。
⑵Dr Bethune was honored for his selfless work.
白求恩大夫由于他无私的工作而受到赞誉。
⑶Today the President is honoring us with his presence.
今天总统的出席使我们十分荣幸。
⑷I am honored that you should notice me.
我很荣幸您能注意到我。
高考链接：
Washington, a state in the United State, was named _______ one of the greatest American president. (1999上海高考)
A. in honor of B. instead of C. in favor of D. by means of
解析：题意为：城市华盛顿是为了纪念总统而命名的。instead of “反而是”，by means of“借助…的方式”，in favor of “赞成”，它们都与题意不符。
答案：A
3.keep…in mind 记住，把…记在心里
⑴I hope you will keep in mind what I am saying.
我希望你把我所说的话记在心里。
⑵Keep in mind the rules of safety when you swim.
游泳时要记住安全规则。
⑶I’ll keep your suggestion in mind.
我会记住你的建议的。
其他mind 短语搭配：
be out of one’s mind 发狂，发疯
bring/call …to mind 想起…
keep one’s mind on sth. 继续专心于…
take sb’s mind off sth . 使…不再思考或担忧某事
make up one’s mind 作出决定
change one’s mind 改变决定或意见
to my mind 依我看来
⑴You must be out of your mind if you think I’m going to lend you money.
如果你以为我会借给你钱，那么你一定是疯了。
⑵I know her face but I can’t call her name to mind.
我认得她，但我想不起她的名字了。
⑶Keep your mind on your job.
专心做你的工作。
⑷Hard work always takes your mind off domestic problems.
工作一劳累就使人不再想着家庭问题了。
⑸I’ve made up my mind to be a doctor.
我决心当医生。
⑹Nothing will make me change my mind.
任何事情都不能使我改变主意。
⑺To my mind you are wrong.
在我看来你错了。
考题链接：
That contagious disease was turning the town upside down. The government was taking measures to help people _______ their minds off it.
A. reduce B. put C. throw D. take
分析：题意为：那种传染病使这个小镇翻了个个儿，政府正采取措施来让人们不再把心思放在这方面。
take one’s mind off 意为：使…不再思考或担忧某事。
答案：D
4.persuade v. 说服，劝说
短语搭配：
persuade sb to do sth 说服某人做某事
persuade sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事
persuade sb. out of doing sth. 说服某人不做某事
persuade sb. of sth. 使某人信服
persuade sb. that… 使某人信服
⑴You try and persuade her to come out with us.
你去劝劝她和我们一起出去吧。
⑵How can we persuade him into joining us
怎么才能说服他参加我们的活动呢？
⑶He persuaded his daughter to change her mind.
他说服了他的女儿改变了主意。
⑷How can I persuade you that I am sincere
怎样才能使你相信我是真心实意的？
⑸We are persuaded of the justice of her case.
我们确信她对案件的审理是公正的。
⑹They persuaded us out of going to the party.
他们劝说我们不去参加聚会。
⑺His wife finally persuaded him out of smoking.
他妻子最终说服了他不再吸烟了。
persuasion n. 劝说，说服
persuasive adj. 有说服力的，善于游说的
* 对比：
advise sb. to do sth. =try to persuade sb. to do sh.
建议/劝说某人做某事（不一定说服）。
⑴I advised him to apologize to his friend, but failed.
我劝他向他的朋友道歉，但他不听我的。
⑵I tried to persuade him to go there alone, but he wouldn’t listen.
我尽力劝说他一人去那里，但他不听我的。
高考题链接：
The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people _______ to eat more fruit and vegetables. （2004上海高考）
A. persuade B. will persuade C. be persuaded D. are persuaded
分析：根据句意，应是说服人们多吃水果及蔬菜，所以people 和persuade应是被动关系。
答案：D
5.lack
* v. 缺乏
短语搭配：
lack… 缺少
be lacking in… 缺乏
lack for… 需要
⑴He is not lacking in wisdom.
他并不缺乏聪明才智。
⑵I am lacking in courage.
我缺乏勇气。
⑶They lacked for nothing.
他们无所需求（应有尽有）。
⑷They lacked the money to send him to university.
他们没钱送他上大学。
* n. 缺乏，短缺
短语搭配：
for lack of…因缺乏…
⑴The meeting ended because of lack of order.
因为秩序混乱，会议终止了。
⑵The project had to be abandoned for lack of funds.
工程因资金匮乏而只得放弃。
高考链接：
Though _______ money, his parents managed to send him to university.（2002上海高考）
A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in
解析：lack是及物动词，后面带有宾语“钱”，又因“父母”与“缺乏”之间存在主谓关系，所以要用表示主动含义的lacking作状语。若选B，则要把of 改为in。
答案：C
6.stay
系动词 “保持，维持某状态”，后面可接形容词或名词
⑴They stayed friends for years.
他们的友谊维持了多年。
⑵The shop stays open until ten at night.
这家商店一直营业到晚十点。
⑶I stayed awake because of missing home last night.
我昨晚想家没睡着觉。
*常见stay搭配：
stay in 呆在家里
stay for sth 留在某人家（吃饭）
stay away from 与…保持距离，远离…
stay out 不回家，呆在户外
stay up 熬夜，不睡觉
⑴The doctor advised me to stay in for a few days.
医生建议我在家休息几天。
⑵Won’t you stay for supper
你吃了饭再走好吗？
⑶I don’t like you staying out so late.
我不喜欢你在外面呆到这么晚。
⑷Tell him to stay away from my sister.
叫他离我妹妹远一点。
⑸She promised the children they could stay up for their favorite TV programme.
她答应孩子们可以晚点睡，看他们最喜欢的电视节目。
高考链接：
Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge It will ______ fresh for several days.(NMET2003)
A. be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed
分析：stay 系动词，意为“保持某种状态”，此时不能用于进行时态。题意为：肉放在冰箱里可以保鲜好几天。
答案：B
7.含有fire的短语搭配：
catch fire 着火，起火(强调动作)
be on fire 着火（强调状态）
control the fire 控制火势
put out a fire 扑灭大火
be killed in a fire 在火中丧生
watch a fire 观看大火
make a fire 生火
be trapped by a fire 被大火围困
escape from a fire 从火中逃生
play with fire 玩火
set …on fire 使…着火，纵火
set fire to… 使…着火，纵火
go through water and fire 赴汤蹈火
⑴The pair of papers caught fire. Someone must have set fire to it.=Someone must have set it on fire.
这一叠文件着火了，肯定有人放火。
⑵The house is on fire.
房子着火了。
⑶It’s very cold. Let’s make a fire to keep us warm.
天很冷，让我们生堆火暖和一下。
⑷The firemen tried to control the fire.
消防人员尽力控制火势。
⑸Don’t play with fire.
别玩火。
⑹A big forest fire broke out last night.
昨夜发生了一场森林火灾。
⑺The fire had been put out before they arrived.
大火在他们到来之前就被扑灭了。
fire-alarm 火警报警器
fire-bomb 燃烧弹
fire-break （森林中除掉树木以防止森林火蔓延的）放火带
fire-eater 表演吞火的人
fire-escape 可借以逃离火场的太平梯或机械装置
fire-fighter 消防人员（尤指护林的）
firefly 萤火虫
fireman 消防队员
fireplace 壁炉
fire-power 火力
fire station 消防站
firewood 木柴
firework 烟火
考题链接：In that terrible rebellion, a great many houses were set ______, most of which were burnt______ the ground.
A. fire, × B. a fire, on C. fire to, to D. on fire, down
分析：set fire to sth “放火烧某物”的被动形式应是sth. be set fire to； burn sth. to the ground为固定搭配。
答案：C
8.cheer v. 喝彩，向某人欢呼；给某人安慰
⑴The crowd cheered loudly as the Queen appeared.
女王出现时群众高声欢呼。
⑵He was greatly cheered by the news.
他知道这个消息很高兴。
短语搭配：
cheer up （使）高兴起来，（使）振作起来
cheer sb on 鼓舞或鼓励某人更加努力
⑴You look as though you need cheering up.
看来你需要振作起来。
⑵Try and cheer up a bit; life isn’t that bad.
尽力高兴点儿，生活并不是那么糟。
⑶Flowers always cheer a room up.
房间里有一有花就满室生辉。
⑷The crowd cheered the runners on as they started the last lap.
赛跑进入最后一圈时，观众为运动员加油鼓劲。
* n. 欢呼声，喝彩声
Her performance drew cheers.
她的演出赢得一片喝彩声。
9.aid
* v. 帮助
They encouraged and aided him in his scientific studies.
他们鼓励帮助他进行科学研究。
* n. 帮助，援助
短语搭配：
with the aid of … 在…的帮助下
come/go to sb’s aid 来/去帮助某人
first aid 急救
do/give/offer first aid to sb. 对某人施行急救
⑴With the aid of a neighbor, he managed to put out the fire.
他在邻居的帮助下把火扑灭了。
⑵He hurt his arm during the volleyball match, and some of us gave him first aid.
他在排球赛中胳膊受伤了，我们几个人对他进行了急救。
⑶She came quickly to his aid.
她急忙来帮助他。
10.moment n. 片刻，瞬间
短语搭配：
for a moment 一会儿，片刻
for the moment 暂时
at the moment 此刻；现在
in a moment 立即，立刻
⑴I have nothing to do for the moment.
我暂时无事可做。
⑵I had to think for a moment before I remembered his name.
我想了一会儿才记起他的名字。
⑶You go first I’ll come in a moment.
你先走我马上就来。
⑷At the moment he was busy preparing his lessons.
那时，他正忙于准备功课。
⑸He’s unemployed at the moment and has been for over six months.
他目前失业已经半年多了。
考题链接：
The number is engaged_________. Call again later.
A. any moment B. any minute C. of moment D. at the moment
分析：at the moment 此刻，现在。题意为：这个号现在占线，请稍后再拨。
答案：D
11.on the contrary 与此相反，正相反
⑴It doesn’t seem ugly to me; on the contrary, I think it’s rather beautiful.
我觉得它并不丑，恰恰相反，它挺美。
⑵----Are you nearly through
----On the contrary, I’ve only just begun.
你快干完了吗？恰恰相反，我才刚刚开始呢。
* to the contrary 意思相反的（地）
⑴I know nothing to the contrary.
我不知道任何相反的情况。
⑵Go ahead unless you are advised to the contrary.
如果没有相反的通知，你们就干起来好了。
考题链接：
----He’s no use at all.
----______, I have found him a great deal of use.
A. Generally speaking B. Believe it or not C. First of all D. On the contrary.
分析：-He’s no use at all和 I have found him a great deal of use.的句意相反。
答案：D
12.proper adj. 适当的，正确的，恰当的
⑴The reels of film were not in the proper order.
电影胶片卷盘的顺序错了。
⑵He said something proper for the occasion.
他说了一些适合时宜的话。
* properly adv. 适当地，恰当地
⑴She will have to learn to behave properly.
她要懂得检点些。
⑵That is not, properly speaking, a dictionary, but a grammar.
严格地说来那不是一本词典，而是一本语法书。
高考链接：
I don’t think Peter is too young to take care of the pet dog_______. (2001上海高考)
A. correctly B. properly C. exactly D. actively
分析：
correctly 正确地，exactly 精确地，actively 积极地。只有properly “合适地，恰当地”符合题意。
答案：B
13.sudden adj. 突然的
suddenly adv. 突然
all of a sudden 突然，出乎意料地
sudden death （因胜负未决而延长比赛）加赛一分或一场以决胜负
⑴Suddenly, everyone started shouting and singing.
突然间，大家都喊起来、唱起来了。
⑵All of a sudden, the tyre burst.
轮胎突然爆裂了。
高考链接：
All of ____ sudden, I caught ______ sight of my English teacher in the crowd, smiling to me. I calmed down. (2002 全国高考)
A. a, × B. a, a C. ×, a D. ×, ×
分析：all of a sudden （突然）和catch sight of （看见）是固定短语。
答案：A
14.live with
*和…住在一起
I don’t live with my parents.
我没和父母住在一起。
*接受或忍受…
⑴You’ll have to learn to live with it, I’m afraid.
我看，你得学会忍受这种现象。
⑵You have to learn to live with stress.
你得学会忍受压力。
*常与with搭配的动词有：
agree with 同意
talk with 与…交谈
meet with 遇见
fill with 用 …填满
begin with 以…开始
change with 随着…而变化
compare with 比得上，可与…相匹配
deal with 处理
come up with 提出，找到
15.so
(1)用作替代词
*用来替代think, believe, hope, expect, imagine, guess, suppose等后的宾语从句。
---Is she going to study abroad
---I believe so.
---她打算去留学吗？
---我想是的。
I hope you will succeed. She hopes so.
我希望你会成功，她也希望你成功。
*替代动词notice, see, hear, say, tell, understand等后的宾语从句，常置于句首。
There was only a chair in the classroom, so they noticed.
他们注意到教室里只有一张椅子。
It’s going to rain, so the broadcast says.
广播说要下雨了。
*替代 tell, say, seem, appear等后的从句，可置于句首或句末。
---Does the boy want to ride the bicycle in the street
---It seems/appears so. (So it seems/appears.)
---那个男孩要在街上骑自行车吗？
---好象是的。
*替代seem, appear, be, become, remain之后的名词、形容词及afraid之后的从句。
I could hardly believe it but it was so.
我几乎不能相信，但这确实是真的。
---Do you think she will come tomorrow
---I’m afraid so.
---你认为她明天会来吗？
---我想是。
*还可以与if等从属连词搭配，构成无动词条件句。
Has she done the week’s washing If so, I’ll ask her to see a film tonight.
她本周的衣服洗完了吗？如果洗完了，我今晚请她看电影。
(2)用作连词，表示目的或结果，so that结构中有时that可省略。
Check carefully so (that) any mistakes will be caught.
仔细检查以便找出错误。
He worked hard so（that） he might succeed.
他努力工作以便有成就。
We hurried so (that) we didn’t miss the last bus.
我们加快脚步，因此没错过最后一班公共汽车。
It was so dark, so I couldn’t see what was happening.
天很黑，所以我当时看不见发生了什么事。
高考链接：
---The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they
---_____.
A. I guess not so B. I don’t guess C. I don’t guess so D. I guess not
答案 D
分析 答语中动词为guess, believe, hope等时， 不说I don’t guess/believe/hope so, 而应说 I guess/hope/believe not.
16.valuable adj. 贵重的，重要的，有用的
(1) 常与介词for或to连用。
They gave us valuable practice in helping the eyes, brains and muscles to work together.
在使眼睛、头脑和肌肉协同动作方面，他们给我们提供了宝贵的机会。
This tool is valuable for doing repairs.
这工具对修理有用。
I’m sure my information is valuable.
我确定我的消息有价值。
(2)valuable 指任何值钱的、可以带来巨额利润的、受人珍视的东西。
priceless 意思是“无价的，贵重的”，尤其用来加强语气。
invaluable “无法估价的”，不用于谈金钱，而指品质。
precious 指用钱无法衡量的东西。
This ancient gold coin isn’t just valuable. It’s priceless.
这枚古金币不只是珍品，而且是无价之宝。
His advice has been invaluable to the success of the project.
他的意见对这项工程的成功是无可估量的。
To me, our friendship is a very precious thing.
对我来说，我们之间的友谊是非常珍贵的。
17.双重疑问句的两种形式
(1)一般疑问句双重问句：
本结构属于一般疑问句，主句谓语动词常是ask, tell, know, realize, make sure等，宾语从句由特殊疑问词引导。
Do you know why we can’t be allowed to smoke here
你知道为什么不允许我们在这里吸烟吗？
Can you still remember when we visited the Great Wall
你还记得我们什么时候去的长城吗？
Have you told him how we are going to the cinema
你告诉他我们怎么去的电影院吗？
Do you realize how serious the problem is
你意识到问题有多么严重吗？
(2)特殊疑问句双重问句：
本结构属于特殊疑问句，谓语动词常是think, hope, believe, suppose, guess, say, consider, imagine等，宾语从句没有引导词，主句为特殊疑问句，有些形容词也可用于本句型。
What do you think his explanation is
你认为他的解释是什么？
Is it necessary, do you think, to translate the whole article
你认为整篇文章都有必要翻译吗？
Which mouse did you say you picked out
你说你选的哪种鼠标？
How long can you be sure they’ll be here
你能肯定他们在这里待多久？
高考链接：
_____ be sent to work here (NMET2002上海)
A. Who do you suggest B. Who do you suggest that should
C. Do you suggest who should D. Do you suggest whom should
答案 A
分析 本句为特殊疑问句双重问句，疑问句应位于句首，此类句型宾语从句没有引导词，B选项的that是多余的，A中的suggest宾语用虚拟语气，省略了should。
18.虚拟语气中的省略倒装句
if引起的非真实条件句中，若含有were, should或had，在正式文体中可将if省略，把were, should 或had提前使主谓部分实现部分倒装，用来加强语气。
If he had taken my advice, he might have succeeded.
= Had he taken my advice, he might have succeeded.
他要是听我的建议就成功了。
If she should come tomorrow, I would tell her about it.
= Should she come tomorrow, I would tell her about it.
如果明天她来，我就把这件事告诉她。
If he were here now, I could ask him.
= Were he here now, I could ask him.
要是他现在在这里，我就问问他。
If I had been there before, I would not have been lost.
= Had I been there before, I would not have been lost.
要是我以前去过那里，我就不会迷路了。
高考链接：
What would have happened, ______ as far as the river bank (NMET2001上海)
A. Bob had walked fartBook 3 Unit 1---3
arise v. (arose, arisen)
(1)（问题或困境）产生，出现
A new crisis has arisen. We keep them informed of any changes as they arise.
新的危机已经产生。 如果有任何变化，我们会随时通知他们。
A storm arose during the night. Children should be disciplined when the need arises.
夜间暴风雨大作。 必要时孩子们应受到管教。
(2)arise out of/from sth. 由---引起，因---产生
Emotional or mental problems can arise from a physical cause.
身体上的原因可以引起情绪或精神上的问题。
Are there any matters arising from the minutes of last meeting
上次会议记录方面有无尚待解决的事项？
(3)出现，发展，发生
Several new industries arose in the town.
城里出现了好几种新行业。
(4)起床，起身
He arose at dawn. The peasants arose against their masters.
他黎明即起。 农民奋起反对奴役他们的人。
worthwhile adj.
(1)值得的，重要的，有趣的
be worthwhile to do/ doing sth.
The smile on her face made it all worthwhile.
她脸上的笑容使一切都值得。
It is worthwhile to include really high-quality illustrations.
把真正高质量的插图包括进去是值得的。
It didn’t seem worthwhile writing it all out again.
把这都再写出来似乎不必要。
(2)be worth doing/ sth.
be worthy of sth./ to be done/ of being done
Our house is worth about $100,000. This book is worthy of being read.
我们的房子大约值10万美元 。 这本书值得一读。
The museum is worth a visit. If your answer is correct, it is worth five points.
答对了这道题可以得5分。 这家博物馆值得参观。
This idea is well worth considering. A number of the report’s findings are worthy of note.
这个想法很值得考虑。 这份报告里有些调查结果值得注意。
The money we raise will be going to a very worthy cause.
我们筹集的钱款将用于崇高的事业。
apply vt. vi.
(1)apply to sb. for sth. 申请，请求
You should apply immediately, in person or by letter.
你应该立即申请，亲自去或写信。
It took him a month to apply the visa.
他申请签证花了一个月。
(2)贴，敷，涂
Please apply the glue to both surfaces.
请将两面都涂上胶水。
I’d never apply the word “readable” to any of his books.
我决不会把他的任何一本书称为是“可以一读的”。
(3)使生效，适用，有关
apply a law These rules don’t always apply.
执行法律 这些规则并非总能行得通。
What I have said apply to only some of you.
我所说的只适用于你们中的一部分人。
(4)apply oneself/sth. to sth./ doing 集中精力，专心
You will only pass your exams if you really apply yourself (to your work).
你只有专心致志，考试才能及格。
We must apply our minds to finding a solution.
我们要动脑筋找出解决的办法来。
(5)applied adj. 应用的，实用的（一般作定语）
applied mathematics 应用数学
applied linguistics 应用语言学
dedicate vt.
(1)奉献 dedicate oneself/sth. to sth.
She dedicated her life to helping the poor. He always dedicates himself to his work.
她毕生致力于帮助穷人。 他总是投身于工作。
She dedicated her first book to her husband.
她把自己的第一本书献给了丈夫。
(2)dedicated adj. 献身于某物的，专心致志的
He is a dedicated teacher. This is a dedicated word processor.
他是一位有奉献精神的老师。 这是一台专门的文字处理机。
(3)dedication n. 奉献，忠诚
I admire the priest’s dedication.
我钦慕这位牧师的奉献精神。
send in
(1)send sb. in
派某人去某地
Soldiers were sent in to quell the riots.
已派士兵去镇压暴乱。
(2)send sth. in
将某物寄往某地
Have you sent in your application for the job
你的求职申请寄出去了吗？
(3)send for sth./sb.
要求将某物取来或使某人到来
Please send for a fresh supply of paper. Send for a doctor as soon as possible.
请要求再送些纸来。 尽快找个医生来。 She has sent for someone to repair the TV.
她已经请人来修电视机了。
(4)send sth. out
放射出，长出
The sun sends out light and warmth. The trees send out new leaves in spring.
太阳放出光和热。 树在春天长出新叶子。
refer to
(1)涉及，提到，与---有关
When I said some people are stupid, I wasn’t referring to you.
我说有些人很愚蠢，并不是指你。
Don’t refer to this matter again, please. This incident in his childhood is never again referred to.
请不要再提这件事了。 他小时侯的这件事永远不再提了。
What I have to say refers to all of you.
我要说的事和你们大家都有关。
(2)咨询，查询
I referred to my watch for the exact time. The speakers often referred to his notes.
我看了一下手表好知道准确的时间。 那个发言的人不时地看发言稿。
(3)refer sth./sb. to sb./sth. 将---送交---以谋求帮助
They referred the patient to a specialist for treatment. This dispute was referred to the United Nations.
他们把病人送给专科医生治疗。 这项争端已经提交联合国处理。
I was referred to the manager.
人家让我去找经理。
break out 突然发生，爆发
Fire broke out during the night. Rioting broke out between rival groups of fans. War broke out in 1939.
夜间突然发生了火灾。 双方球迷之间发生了骚乱。 1939 年爆发了战争。
(2)break down 毁掉，打碎；坏了，不运转；情绪失控，健康变糟
The old cars were broken down for their metal and parts.
旧车被拆毁以利用其中的金属和零件。
I tried to break down his opposition to our plan. The peace talk has broken down.
我试图使他不再反对我们的计划。 和谈破裂了。
The car broke down. He broke down and wept when his mother died.
车坏了。 他妈妈去世时他失声痛哭。
Her health broke down under the pressure of work.
在强大的工作压力下她的身体不行了。
(3)break up 碎开，击碎；驱散，分离，结束；崩溃，垮掉
The ice will break up when the warm weather comes.
天气变暖和时冰面会碎开。
Their marriage broke up. The crowd broke up. He may break up under all this pressure.
他们的婚姻结束了。 人群散开了。 这么大的压力下他会崩溃的。
Book 3 Unit 4---6
beyond prep.*迟于或超过（某一时间）：
It won’t go on beyond midnight. She carried on teaching well beyond retirement age.
这不会持续到午夜之后。 她早超过了退休年龄，但仍教书。
*越出（某事物）范围；超越：
The bicycle is beyond repair. After 25 years the town center had changed beyond recognition.
这辆自行车已不能修理了。 25年过去了，市中心变得认不出了。
They’re paying ﹩75 000 for a small flat---it’s beyond belief！
他们要以75 000美元买一套小公寓---简直难以置信。
Her skill as a musician is beyond praise. The fruit was beyond my reach.
她是一个音乐家，其技巧令人赞叹不已。 那水果我够不着。
*在或向（某物）的那边/远处：
⑴The road continues beyond the village up into the hills.
这条路绵延不断越过村子直入山中。
⑵What lies beyond those mountains
山的那一边有什么呀？
*短语搭配：
be beyond sb. 对于某人来说，难以想像、理解或估计
⑴It’s beyond me why she wants to marry Geoff.
我不理解她为什么要和杰弗结婚。
⑵How people design computer games is beyond me.
我不明白电脑是怎么设计的。
blame v. 责备
短语搭配：
blame sb. for sth.
be to blame (for sth.) 对某事应受责备
⑴She blamed him for the failure of their marriage.
她把婚姻的触礁归咎于他。
⑵She was in no way to blame.
决不应该责备她。
⑶Which driver was to blame for the accident
这事故是哪个司机的责任？
* blame n.
短语搭配：
bear/take/accept/get the blame (for sth.) (对某事)承担责任
lay/put the blame (for sth.) on sb. 把某事归咎于某人
⑴The judge laid /put the blame for the accident on the driver of the car.
法官判定汽车司机应对这次车祸负责。
⑵We were ready to take the blame for what had happened.
我们做好准备对所发生的事承担责任。
appear v.
*出现；显现：
⑴A ship appeared on the horizon.
船出现在水平线上。
⑵A light appeared at the end of the tunnel.
隧道的尽头露出了亮光。
*来到：
He promised to be here at four o’clock but didn’t appear until six.
他答应四点钟来，可是六点钟才到。
*露面：
I have to appear in court on a charge of drunken driving.
我被控告醉酒驾驶而要出庭受审。
*（指书或文章）发表或出版：
His latest novel is to appear next month.
他的最新小说将要于下月出版。
*系动词 “似乎，看来， 显得” ， 在意思上相当于seem
appear to do
appear ( to be ) + 形容词
It appears ( to sb. ) that…
⑴He appeared to be talking to himself.
他似乎在自言自语。
⑵You appear to have travelled a lot.
你似乎去过很多地方。
⑶A few words of explanation appear ( to be ) necessary.
似乎有必要解释几句。
⑷It appears that I have made a mistake.
看来我搞错了。
⑸It appears to me that he didn’t catch my meaning.
在我看来他好象没明白我的意思。
* appearance n.
出现，来到：
The sudden appearance of a policeman caused the thief to run away.
警察突然出现，小偷就逃跑了。
露面，出场：
His first appearance on stage was at the age of three.
他三岁时初次登台。
外表，外貌,外观：
⑴Fine clothes added to his strikingly handsome appearance.
华丽的服装使他那极其英俊的外貌更为出色。
⑵The building was like a prison in appearance.
这建筑的外观像监狱。
Book 3 Unit 7---9
admit vt. 承认
习惯搭配：
admit sth.. 承认…
admit (to ) doing sth. 承认做过某事
admit to sth. 供认/承认…
admit that… 承认…
sb.be admitted to… 接受某人（入院、入学等）
⑴The prisoner has admitted his guilt.
犯人认罪了。
⑵She admitted to stealing the money.
她承认偷了钱。
⑶He admitted having stolen the car.
他承认偷了汽车。
⑷He admitted to the murder.
他承认杀了人。
⑸He was admitted to hospital with minor burns.
他因轻度烧伤而入院。
⑹I am admitted to Shandong University.
我被山东大学录取了。
⑺He admitted that he had made a mistake.
他承认他犯了错误。
off 表示经济情况好坏
短语搭配：
be badly off 潦倒，贫困
be well off 富裕的，有钱的
be better off （日子）过得好起来
good n. ＆ adj.
习惯搭配：
do sb.good =do good to sb. 对某人有好处（good前可用much/a lot of/some/no等词修饰）
for good (and all) 永远
be good at… 擅长…
be good for… 对…有好处/益处
up to no good 干坏事，想捣鬼
It’s no good doing sth. 干…没用
for the good of 为了…的利益
for your own good 从自身利益考虑
What good… What is the good for… …有什么用？
come to no good 结果不好
as good as 几乎，实际上
lay off
a) lay sb off 解雇
They were laid off because of the lack of new orders.
由于没有新的定货，他们被解雇了。
lay off (sb. / sth.) ，别碰某人，不做某事
Lay off! You’re messing up my hair.
住手，你把我的头发都弄乱了。
Lay off him! Can’t you see he is badly hurt
别碰他，你没看见他伤得很厉害吗？
I’ve smoked cigarettes for years, but now I’m going to lay off them.
我抽烟很多年了，但现在打算戒了。
b) lay sth. aside 把某物放在一边；放弃某事
I laid my book aside, turned off the light and went to sleep.
我把书放在一边，关了灯睡觉。
We should lay some money aside for old age.
我们应该存钱防老。
He has laid his studies aside.
他已经放弃了学业。
c) lay sth. up 使卧床不能工作；搁置或储存某物
She’s laid up with a broken leg.
她因腿伤卧床。
I’ve been laid up with flu for a week.
我患流感已经在家休息一个星期了。
My car is laid up at the moment.
我的车现在闲着没用。
d) lay-off 被解雇的人；解雇期
There’re many lay-offs among factory workers.
工人中许多被解雇的人。
He has a long lay-off over the winter.
他遭到长达一个冬天的解雇。
Book 3 Unit 10---12
有关let的短语搭配：
* let sth. down 放下，降下
⑴We let the bucket down by a rope.
我们用绳子把桶吊下去。
⑵This skirt needs letting down.
这条裙子需要放长。
*let sb. down 使某人失望
⑴Please come and support me. Don’t let me down.
请来支持我，可别不帮忙。
⑵This machine won’t let you down.
这部机器不会出毛病，你尽管放心。
*let me see 让我想想
Let me see----where did I leave my hat
让我想想----我把帽子放在哪里了？
*let sth. out 泄露（秘密等），放宽，放大（衣服等），发出（叫声等）
⑴Don’t let it out about me losing my job, will you
别把我丢了工作一事泄露出去，行吗？
⑵She let out a scream of terror.
她发出恐怖的叫喊。
⑶He is getting so fat that his trousers have to be let out.
他越来越胖，裤腰都得放宽了。
*let sb. through 评定某人及格
I’m a hopeless driver but the examiner let me through.
我开车的技术糟透了，但考官让我及格了。
* let…be 不打扰或不干涉
⑴Let me be. I want a rest.
别打扰我，我要休息。
⑵Let the poor dog be.
别逗那条可怜的狗吧。
*let go of…或let…go 松开或释放…
⑴Let go of the rope.
松开绳子。
⑵Will they let the hostages go
他们会释放人质吗？
*let us say 例如，譬如
If the price is 500 dollars, let us say, is that too much
价钱嘛，比如说500美元，是不是太贵了。
*let alone 更不用说，更别提
The baby can’t even walk, let alone run.
这个婴儿连走路都不会，更不用说跑了。
*let …in 允许…进入
There is someone at the door. Let them in, will you
有人敲门，让他们进来好吗？
as with 就…而言
As with the experienced participants, you’ll want to use test tasks that are as natural as possible.
对于那些有经验的参与者来说，你将希望尽量采用比较自然的测试任务。
表示“至于”还可以用：
*as for
⑴Kitty’s got so thin. And as for Carl, he always seems to be ill.
凯迪长得小，至于卡尔，他好象总是在生病。
⑵As for the hotel, it was very uncomfortable and miles from the sea.
至于旅馆嘛，非常不舒服，而且离海边有好几英里。
⑶As for you, you ought to be ashamed of yourself.
至于你，你应该感到惭愧。
* as to 例如
⑴Henry was very uncertain as to whether it was the right job for him.
至于这工作是否适合他，亨利很不确定。
⑵As to correcting our homework, the teacher always makes us do it ourselves.
谈到批改我们的作业，老师总是让我们自己改。
*as regards
⑴There are no special rules as regards what clothes you should wear.
至于应该穿什么衣服，没有硬性规定。
⑵As regards (doing ) that, I haven’t decided yet.
关于（做）那件事，我尚未决定。
Book 3 Unit 13---16
acknowledge v. “承认，为…表示感谢”，常用于以下结构：
acknowledge + 名词
acknowledge + 动词的-ing 形式（不接不定式作宾语）
acknowledge + that
⑴Do you acknowledge defeat
你认输吗？
⑵They refused to acknowledge that they were defeated.
他们拒绝承认被打败了。
⑶The opponents acknowledged having been defeated.
对手们承认输了。
⑷She acknowledged his help in her book.
她在书中对他的帮助表示谢意。
⑸He was acknowledged to be the finest poet in the world.
他是公认的世界上最优秀的诗人。
* acknowledgement n.
词组：in acknowledgement of … 承认…，感谢…
eg.
He was given a gold watch in acknowledgement of his work for the business.
公司给他一块金表，以感谢他为公司效力。
* acknowledged adj. 公认的
eg.
She is the acknowledged leader in her field of chemistry.
她是化学领域公认的权威。
*只接动名词做宾语的动词（动词短语）有：
admit 承认
give up 放弃
cannot help 情不自禁
avoid 避免
consider 考虑
mind 介意
postpone 推迟
dislike 嫌恶
deny 否认
delay 耽搁
enjoy 喜欢
miss 逃过，错过
escape 避免
excuse 原谅
feel like 意欲
finish 完成
risk 冒险
suggest 建议
put off 推迟
resist 抵抗
fancy 想不到
practise 练习
apart adv. 分开,相距,相隔
The two houses stood 500 metres apart. You never see them apart these days.
这两所房子相距500米。 他们近来形影不离。
These pages stuck together----I can’t pull them apart.
这几页粘在一起了----我揭不开他们。
短语搭配：
tell…apart 分辨，区别（同义短语：tell …from…把…和…区分开）
apart from 除了(某事物)之外，除去；除了…之外，还…，不止…
take sth. apart 拆开
convince vt. 使某人确信，说服
短语搭配：
convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信…
convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事
convince sb. that… 使某人相信…，说服某人…
It took a long time to convince me of his guilt.
花了很长时间才使我相信他是有罪的。
How can I convince you of her honesty What convinced you to vote for them
我怎样才能使你相信她是诚实的呢？ 究竟是什么使得你愿意投他们的票？
We convinced him to go by car. I convinced him to go to the movie.
我们说服他开车去。 我说服了他去看电影。
It was hard to convince you (that) we couldn’t afford a new car.
很难想使你相信我们买不起一辆新汽车。
*convinced adj. （做定语）虔诚的
convincing adj. 令人信服的，有说服力的
convincible adj. 可被说服的，可喻之以理的高三英语
Units 1－2
Ⅰ.重要词汇及短语
1.set down 记下；写下
2.in the first place 首先；第一；原先
3.burst into sth. 突然而猛烈地发出或产生某事物
4.centre on/upon 将某人（某事物）当作中心或重点
5.concentrate on 专心致志于
6.Tour de France 环法自行车赛
7.keep track of 记录；掌握……的线索；保持对……的联系
8.stand out 突出；出色
9.be diagnosed with... 被确诊患有……（疾病）
10.in a row 连续，一连串
11.lead sb.to do sth. 致使某人做某事
12.apply for 提出申请（或要求等）
13.make for 走向；向……前进；有利于，有助于；倾向于
14.get a better understanding of... 更充分地理解……
15.head down to... 向……进发，动身
16.hang ten （冲浪运动中）作十趾吊
17.in the name of 以……的名义；代表
18.push on（with sth.）毅然继续（做某事）
19.run out of 耗尽；用光
20.apart from... 除……外（尚有）
21.set sail（to/from/for...） 起航
22.compete for 为……而竞争
23.in search of 寻找
24.give birth to 生；产生
25.as long as （表示条件）只要……
26.at the height of 在……顶点；在（事业等）的高峰
27.for once and always 一劳永逸地
28.be made up of 由……构成；组成
Ⅱ.重点句型
1.Tian’anmen Square is the largest square in the world with an area of about 40 hectares.（with引导的短语作定语）
2.Impressive as the record is，it fades next to the story of Armstrong’s struggle against disease.（as引导让步状语从句时要倒装）
3.July 13，2001 saw a very bright night in Beijing that will never fade in history.（see在该句中的意思是“目睹；经历”）
4.A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.（一鸟在手胜过双鸟在林。）
5.It was not until 1874，when a young American explorer followed the Nile from Lake Victoria through to Lake Albert，that this part of the river’s course was finally explored.（强调句型）
6.It was believed that the northern coast of this continent lay somewhere in the Pacific Ocean.（It is/was
believed that...人们相信……）
Units 3－4
Ⅰ.重要词汇及短语
1.as a consequence（of ）作为（……的）结果
2.the Commonwealth of Australia 澳大利亚联邦
3.go walkabout到灌木丛中闲逛
4.break out（指激烈事件）突然发生
5.feed...on给（人或动物）食物；喂养；饲养
6.round up使集合在一起
7.stand for代表，代替；象征，意味着
8.have a strong/great influence on...对……有重大影响
9.benefit from...从……受益
10.differ from...和……不同
11.be fond of喜欢
12.have fun with开玩笑
13.set foot on踏上
14.give birth to生；产生
15.in area在面积上
16.keep out（使）在外
17.all the year round终年
18.have access to接近（或进入）的方法（或权利、机会等）
19.on a large scale大规模地；大范围地
20.pass away去世；逝世
21.belong to属于
22.base...on...把……基于……
23.at first sight 乍一看（之下）
24.be born into 出身于
25.have an appetite for 爱好……
26.look out for 照料，照看……
27.put together 把……放在一起；把……加在一起
28.work out 做出；设计出；制订出；算出
29.make contributions to 对……作出贡献
30.adapt to 适应
Ⅱ.重点句型
1.Many Aborigines and islanders were moved and had their land taken away from them.
（have sth. done 结构）
2.Only in this way could the people in Australia build a society of diverse cultures.（倒装句）
3.Some books are to be tasted；others swallowed；and some to be chewed and digested.
4.Shanghai is not longer what it used to be.
5.It was Joseph Banks who made Kew a centre of scientific and economic research.（强调句，强调句子的
主语，主语为表示人的名词）
Units 5-6
Ⅰ.重要词汇及短语
1.take into consideration 考虑到，顾及
2.in charge（of） 处于控制或支配地位；负责
3.hand in hand 手拉手；密切关联的
4.get across 传播；为人理解
5.appeal to 有吸引力；呼吁；上诉
6.keep an eye out for sb./sth. 留心或注意某人或某物
7.make sense 有意义；有道理；讲得通
8.apply... to... 运用；应用
9.lose heart 泄气；灰心
10.take it easy 别紧张；放松点
11.keep up 维持；保持；使某事物处于高水平
12.common sense 常识；情理
13.leave behind 忘带；留下
14.lose one’s way 迷路
e to an end 结束；中止
16.live through sth. 经历某事物而幸存
17.tie up 系；拴；捆
18.at stake 在危险中
19.go for 为……去努力获取
20.lose weight 减肥
21.be to blame 该受责备；应负责
22.be upset about... （对……感到）不安的；不快的；心烦意乱的
23.associate... with... 使发生联系；使联合
24.protect... from... 保护……免于……
25.be promoted with （用……手段来）宣传，推销
26.create/form a positive image of 塑造/形成一个正面的形象
27.point out 指出
28.think twice 重新考虑
29.believe in 相信；信仰
30.set off for... 出发，动身到……
31.be accustomed to 习惯于……
32.on all fours 匍匐，趴着
e to a decision 决定下来
e to an agreement 达成一致；达成协议
e to a conclusion 告终；下结论
36.take up 拿起；着手处理；开始（从事于）
Ⅱ.重点句型
1.Not all ads are used to promote a product or to increase a company’s profits.（部分否定）
2.Good advertisements make it possible for companies to introduce new products and increase sales.（make 后接复合宾语）
3.Some companies prefer a well-known word，while others choose names from old stories or legends.（注意该并列连词的词义及用法）
4.It is possible that the reader or viewer will remember the advertisement but not the name of the product.
5.In the 1960s，a British car company which made very expensive cars was about to sell its latest car in Germany.
6.A young man in our group suggested that I stay behind with the children，and wait for help.（suggest后接宾语从句，从句的谓语动词用“（should）+动词原形”结构）
7.No pains，no gains！不劳则无获！
Units 7-8
Ⅰ.重要词汇及短语
1.care for 喜爱；照顾
2.leave alone 不管；随……去
3.in want of 需要
4.close up （尤指暂时）关闭；使靠近
5.care about 介意……，在乎，关心
6.safety standards 安全标准
7.working conditions 工作条件
8.social conscience 社会道德
9.a poor excuse 一个差劲的借口
10.bring in 赚入……；获利
11.be badly-off 生活穷困
12.fall asleep 入睡
13.have no eye for 不关心；不在意
14.far from 远离；一点也不
ment on 评论，批评，解释
16.in face of 面对……，在……面前，不顾……
17.in favor of 支持……，赞同……；为有利于……
18.in praise of 称赞……
19.in hope of 抱着……的希望
20.in charge of 掌管，负责
21.in memory of 为了纪念；为追悼……
22.in honor of 为了纪念
23.in search of 搜寻
24.in need of 需要
25.turn down 拒绝
26.as follows 如下
27.end up in 以……告终，以……为结局
28.one by one 一个接一个地；逐个地
29.date back to （时间）追溯到
30.get it wrong 误解
31.on the contrary 相反的是；反而
32.toast to 干杯；祝酒
33.make sense of 弄懂……的意思
34.in other words 换句话说；换言之
35.take risks 冒险
36.experiment with 进行试验；进行实验
37.piles of 一大堆；一大批；一大团
38.fall behind 落后于
e across （偶然）遇见
40.make progress 取得进步
41.adjust...to... 调整……；调解……
42.as a consequence 因此
43.regardless of 不顾，不管，不拘
44.take place 发生
45.thanks to 多亏了，由于
46.wake up 醒来；叫醒
47.stay up 挺住；坚持不睡觉
48.broaden one’s horizons 开阔眼界
49.in the beginning 开始；起初
Ⅱ.重点句型
1.But make sure to be early in the office the day after！（make sure 后常接从句或of doing sth.）
2.Much good may it do you！
3.If they would rather die，they had better do it.
4.It’s not my business.
5.My hands are too cold to write.
6.Let’s observe another little scene，as you might have in your life to come.（as引导定语 从句）
7.I beg your pardon a thousand times.
8.Learning a language is obviously more than memorizing words，phrases and structures.（more than 不仅仅）
9.If you were to spend as many hours studying English，you would make great progress.（虚拟条件句）
10.The less anxious and more relaxed the learner，the better the language acquisition proceeds.（ the more ...，the more ... 越……，越……）
11.Not all of us want to be translators or interpreters.（部分否定）
12.It is time（that）the bus arrived here to pick up all the passengers.（虚拟语气的使用）
13.It is high time for us to put an end to this silly argument.
Units 9-10
Ⅰ.重要词汇及短语
1.lay off 解雇；不理会；使下岗
2.make matters worse 使情况更困难或更危险
3.get rid of 摆脱
4.make ends meet 使收支相抵；量入为出
5.be devoted to 献身……的；专心于……的
6.play a role in 在……中起作用
7.medical treatment 医疗
8.reach a decision 决定下来；下结论
9.aim at 瞄准；针对；目的在于
10.take measures to ... 采取措施来（做）……
11.make a living 谋生
12.depend on 依靠；取决于
13.live on 以……为主食；靠……生活
14.prevent... from ... 阻止，阻挡；制止；妨碍
15.provide ... for ... 为……提供……
16.meet the needs of 满足……的需要
17.be burdened with ... 使负重担
18.put pressure on ... 给……施压，增添压力
19.state-owned companies 国有企业
20.lose weight 减肥
21.ready-made clothes 成衣
22.make fun of 取笑某人
23.attend to 处理；照顾；关照
24.take pride in 对……感到自豪
25.do up 打扮；梳妆
26.let down 不支持；使失望
27.at length 最后；终于；详细地
28.at a time 一次
29.go far （人）大有前途；成功
e into being 形成
31.as to 关于
32.be accused of 被控诉，控告；被指责，谴责
33.set free 使获得自由；释放
34.refer to 参考；涉及；谈到；指的是
35.turn to 转向，变成；求助于
36.adapt to 使适应，使适和
37.get accustomed to 变得习惯于
38.for a moment 片刻；暂时
39.live through 度过；经受住
40.break out in tears 突然大哭起来
41.cut off 切掉；割掉；剪下；切断；隔绝
42.tear at 撕，扯……
Ⅱ.重点句型
1.What kind of programmes does the WHO run？
2.If I had had insurance，the sickness wouldn’t have caused such a big problem.（虚拟语气）
3.This allowance，however，is only enough to cover the most fundamental needs such as food and clothing.
4.They cannot afford to consult a doctor or purchase medicines from a chemist when they get sick，nor can they make sure that their children keep a healthy diet.（部分倒装）
5.It is sometimes said that a society can be judged by the way it cares for its weakest members.（据说）
6.It was not until World War Ⅱ that the importance of Fleming’s discovery was fully recognized.（强调句）
7.She stood by the window and looked out at a grey cat walking along a grey fence in a grey backyard.（表示感觉的动词后接宾语补足语的情况）
8. ...and she had only $1.87 with which to buy Jim a present.（相当于定语从句的不定式 结构）
9.I had my hair cut off and sold it ...（have作使役动词的用法）
Units 11－12
Ⅰ.重要词汇及短语
1.stick with继续支持；保持联系
2.through thick and thin 不顾艰难
3.pull out of从……中退出
4.cater to满足某种需要或要求
5.for the sake of由于；为了……的利益
6.in reality事实上；实际上
7.keep an eye on 照料；照管
8.take sth.into account考虑；体谅
9.as a whole 总的说来；作为整体
10.once again再一次
11.live up to依照……行事；做到；不辜负（期望）
12.accept...as... 认为……
13.on one’s own独自，靠自己，独立
14.the majority of大多数；大部分
15.a pie chart饼状图
16.a bar chart柱状图
17.match...to... 使……（和……）调和，相配
18.be suspected of 被猜疑，被怀疑
19.take measures to ...采取措施（做……）
20.be familiar with 对……熟悉
21.be made up of构成；组成
22.count...as... 把……认为……
23.on the other hand 另一方面
24.attach to 伴随……
25.be aware of 察觉到，感觉到，获悉
26.be suitable for适合做……
27.guard...against... 守护……（免于……），保护
28.make the best use of充分利用
29.on the surface 表面上的，外表上
30.as a matter of fact 实际上
31.be satisfied with 对……满意
32.lose face 失面子
33.by means of以……，借着……
34.put ... to use使用，用，利用
35.in demand有需要的；吃香的
36.so as to为了，目的是
37.sit for参加（考试）
38.concentrate on 集中；专心；专注
39.to begin with首先；第一；起初
40.drop out （of）（从活动、竞赛等中）退出；辍学
41.result in产生某种作用或结果
42.be skeptical of怀疑
43.take in把（某人）带进；领入
44.rely on依赖；依靠
45.as far as（远）至（某处）；到……程度
46.lifelong learning 终身学习
47.work out解决；计算出；详细拟订
48.have a lot in common有很多共同之处
49.be suited for适合做……，对……适宜
Ⅱ.重点句型
1.Not only will these qualities make you rise in the eyes of others,you will also feel better about yourself.（部分倒装）
2.While working there you discover that the management does not take proper measures to ensure hygiene and safety of the food products....（状语从句的省略）
3.What if you feel comfortable about doing a task by yourself？（如果……怎么样）
4.In sports teams each player has a clear role,and there are few occasions when members are confused or uncertain of their roles.（定语从句）
5.It is of great importance for the team and its coach to strike the right balance.（of+抽象名词）
6.As years went by,she worked in many places.（as引导的状语从句）
7.It is well-known that at the age of 17 to 18,many young people dream of going to university....（众所周知）
8.No matter how hard you try,working towards a career for which you are not suitable is not going to get you there.（让步状语从句）
9.It is no use for everybody to try to pursue the same career.（亦可用It is no use doing sth.）
10.In China,as in other countries,the government realizes that the future welfare of their citizens is closely linked to education.（as表示“像”）
11. ...the number of students in some schools is so low that students of several different grades are taught in the same classroom.（主谓一致）
12.Look at the shape of the graph or chart,rather than the details,to spot this.（表示“不顾，而不是”）
Units 13－14
Ⅰ.重要词汇及短语
1.take place发生，产生；进行，举行
2.turn down拒绝，不接受
3.be set in以……为背景
4.pass on传递
5.go wrong不对头，出毛病；失败
6.except for除……之外；若无
7.be in love with爱上某人
8.learn about听到，获悉
9.take one’s revenge on sb.for sth.因某事向某人报仇
10.break into pieces（使）成为碎片
11.keep...out of使……置身于外
12.at the time of在……的时候
13.turn out 结果（是），证明（是），原来（是）
14.as for关于，至于
15.at times有时，不时
16.get straight to the point直奔主题
17.varieties of各种各样的
18.to one’s surprise让某人吃惊的是
19.as soon as一……就……
20.one after another一个接一个地，连续不断地
21.come to light显露出来，暴露
22.over and over again
23.tell...apart一再；多次；反复
24.get hold of抓住；拿住；握住
25.make a beeline for径直朝……走去
26.as a matter of fact事实上；说真的；实际上
27.keep in touch保持联系
28.feast on大吃大喝；享受美食
29.make a distinction between...and...区分；区别
30.make sense有意义；有道理；讲得通
Ⅱ.重点句型
1.Finally,some Indians in unusual foreign clothes come to the house offering to entertain the guests,.... （in表示“穿着，戴着”，后面可以接表示衣物或颜色的名词）
2.Troubled by the loss of such a valuable jewel, Rachel’s mother hires the famous detective to investigate the theft.（过去分词作状语）
3.As the story develops we discover some secrets about the people at the house that night,and the reasons why they might have stolen the diamond.（as引导状语从句，表示时间，意思是“当……时候”；why引导定语从句，修饰先行词reason；might have +过去分词，表示对过去的可能性的推测）
4.He goes on asking questions about the party and learns about Franklin’s quarrel with Dr.Candy.（go on doing sth.继续做（同一件事情）
5.Rachel is stubborn in resisting his enquiries about the Moonstone to the degree that she makes it seem as if she does not want the mystery to be solved.
6.One mistake could have resulted in a huge loss.（虚拟语气）
7.Fortunately he was successful in diving the diamond into nine large jewels.
8.It turned out that Godfrey had also seen Franklin move the diamond that night....
9....but when she changed her mind he had no choice but to go abroad to sell the diamond.（注意but的用法）
10.You should avoid being too straightforward.（avoid doing sth.）
Units 15－16
Ⅰ.重要词汇及短语
1.apply for申请；请求
2.straight away立刻地；毫不犹豫地
3.fit in（with） 与……相适应；与……相协调
4.hold back退缩；踌躇
5.take a while用一些（一段）时间
6.approve of赞同；赞许
7.have sth.in common with sb.和某人有共同之处
8.take part in参与；参加
9.make contributions to为……作出贡献
10.Secretary General of the United Nations联合国秘书长
11.make a difference有关系；有影响；有意义
12.be eager to do sth.渴望做……
13.open up打开，张开；开发；开辟；揭露；展现
14.at times有时，不时
15.as a consequence结果；后果
16.be due to 应归于
17.become involved in使卷入，使陷入；拖累
18.make the adjustment to适应于
19.take off脱下；（飞机）起飞
20.put on穿上，戴上
21.be popular with受（某人）欢迎
22.get in touch with和……取得联系
23.dream of梦想；向往
24.make use of利用
25.set up树立；开办；设立；创立；建立
26.as well as也，又
e true实现，达到
28.be up to胜任，适于
Ⅱ.重点句型
1.Mr Zhao is weak and cannot do much for himself without getting breathless and dizzy.（双重否定）
2.I am having a great time doing it.
3.Time to have fun and relax,and time for young people to take off their school uniform and put on their favorite casual clothes.（省略。It is time to have fun and relax.）
4.In the UK for example,a recent survey found that 6 out of 10 men and 46% of women regularly wear jeans....（分数表示法）
5.Every time he plays football he is watched by thousands of adoring Becks fans all over the world.（连词，意思是“每次”）
6.Now he is famous for his haircuts and lifestyle as well as for scoring goals.英语高一至高三 教材词组总结
Unit One必会习语
1．What is sb. like
What does sb. look like？
What does sb. like
How does sb like/find sth
2. argue with sb. about sth 因…和某人争执
3. enjoy/hate sth/ doing sth
4. so / nor/ neither + 系动／助动／情动 + 主语
So it is with...; It is the same with...
5. be into 对…深感兴趣 =be interested in; have/show interest in
5. be fond of 喜欢 care for; like; enjoy;
6. surf the internet 上网冲浪
7. all the time 一直 总是
8. imagine that...; imagine (sb/sb’s) doing sth
imagine sb to be 想像某人是
CHUCK’S FRIEND
7. cast away 抛弃
8. so…that…/such…that… 如此…以致…
He was so excited that he could not speak.
So excited was he that he could not speak.
It was such a lovely day that we decided to go outing.
It was so lovely a day that we decided to go outing.
It is amusing that such little birds eat so much food.
9. the Pacific Ocean; the Atlantic Ocean;
the Indian Ocean; the arctic Ocean;
10. survive the crash 在空难中幸存
11. a deserted island 荒岛
12. all alone 独自 = all by
oneself
区别： alone 单独的；独自的 lonely 孤独的；寂寞的
13. hunt for 搜寻 寻找 search for;
12．make fire 生火
13．in order to 为了 so as to; in order that; so that
14．even though/even if 即使，纵然 as if / as though
15．treat…as/like… 把…当作 regard...as...; think of...as
16．share sth. with sb. 与…分享 share (in) sth 分享
17．care about/for 关心，照顾，喜欢
care to do sth 愿意做；care for sb to do sth 愿意某人做
care + 从句 愿意；介意
18．should have done 本来应该 =ought to have done
19．make friends with 与…交朋友
20．such as 例如 for example；for instance
WORD STUDY & GRAMMAR
21. keep...as a pet
22. regard ...as...; treat...as; think of...as; consider...as/to be
23. be loyal to; be faithful to；be devoted to 忠诚于
24. be quick in mind and action 思维敏捷行动迅速
INTEGRATING SKILLS
25. have fun； enjoy oneself; have a wonderful time
26. drop me a line 给某人写短信
WORKBOOK
27．keep…in mind 把…记住 learn...by heart; remember
28．in error / by mistake 由于错误或疏忽
29．tie up (one’s hair) 扎起来
do up
30．run into 偶然遇见; 遭遇；与...相撞
come across; meet by chance; happen to meet
31．be proud of 以…而感骄傲 take pride in
32．run a restaurant 开餐馆 start a restaurant
run a business 做生意
33．skip classes 逃课
33．keep an eye on 照顾; 注视；stare at 盯着看
34．make fun of 取笑某人; laugh at
35. It is possible (for sb) to do;
It is possible/probable/likely that...
Sb. + is (most) likely to do sth.
Sth. + is probable
36．be curious about 对…感到好奇 be curious that...
have the curiosity about
37. have problems with 在... 有问题
38. even if you are thousand miles apart即使你们分别在几千英里
39. despite = in spite of 尽管；不管 regardless of
Unit 2 必会习语
Warming up
1. for the first time 第一次；首先 at first; first of all
2. have a good flight （坐飞机）旅途愉快
3. all the way 一路
4. at all （否定：根本； 疑问：到底； 条件：竟然）
above all 首先；首要的 after all 毕竟； in all 总共
5. make oneself at home 不拘束， 别客气
6. There you are. 你来了。 Here you are. 给你。
ENGLISH AROUND THE WORLD
7. all around the world 世界各地 throughout the world
8. the majority of 大多数的 the minority of
9. in total; in all; altogether 总共
10. the number of …的数量 (large; small 谓语动词单数)
a number of 一些； 许多
11. except for 除了．．．之外； 要不是
except 除了...都； besides 除了...还；except +从句
except （除去）指在整体中除去行为未发生者 （不包括在内）
except for (除了有…之外)指在一个整体中除去其中某个或某些因素，前后两个名词性质不同。
except that (除去；除掉) 后接从句，还有except when, except what; except where等
besides (除了…还) 包括在整体之内
but (除了...之外) 和except 同义，与否定词或疑问词连用
11. communicate with sb. 与．．．交流，联络
12. have a good knowledge of 对．．．很熟悉； 通晓
GRAMMAR 祈使句间接引语
Ask sb (not) to do sth 请某人做/不做某事
Tell sb (not) to do sth 让某人不做某事
Order sb (not) to do sth 命令某人做/不做某事
13. help sb. with sth 在某方面帮助某人
help sb do sth; help do sth; 帮助
assist sb with sth; assist sb to do sth;
assist in doing sth. 协助某人做...
14. stand still 站着不动; stay still; lie still
15. leave the door open 让门一直开着
leave the light on 让灯一直亮着
leave sb doing sth 留置/听任...保持...(做某事)的状态
leave... done 留置/听任...保持...(被...)的状态
16. turn down ／up the radio 把收音机声音关小／开大
turn up 出现 turn down 拒绝
turn off / on 关掉／打开
turn in 上缴； turn out 结果是；被证明是
17. stay up 熬夜； 不睡觉
Integrating skills
e about 发生；happen; take place; break out
19. There is no quick answer to this question.
20. in the same way 用同样的方式 in different ways 不同
in this way 这样 in no way 决不
in the way 挡道；妨碍 out of the way 不挡道
in a way 在某种程度上；在某一点上
on the way 在路上；即将发生
by the way 顺便说/问一下；
by way of 经由；经过
21. stay the same = remain the same. 保持不变
22．at the same time 同时 =meanwhile
23. end up with 以...（形式）告终 begin/start with
end in failure 以失败而告终
24. more or less 或多或少
25. have difficulty/trouble in doing sth 做某事有困难
26. a great many; many a; a great number of (可数)
a great many factories 区分 a great many of the factories
a great deal of; a large amount of; (不可数)
a large quantity of; large quantities of; plenty of; lots of
27. bring in 带来; 引进 bring out 出版；生产；揭露
bring about 引起；导致 bring up 抚养；培养
WORKBOOK
29. shut up 闭嘴
30．pass away 去世
31．promise sb to do sth 答应某人做某事
promise that...
make a promise
32．make a decision 做出决定=decide
33. marry sb; 与某人结婚 get married to sb
be married to sb
34. at least 至少 at most 最多
35. a little bit 区分：a little; a bit; a bit of; not a bit ; not a little
36. chat on line 网上聊天
37. stay in touch ＝keep in touch with sb.= keep track of
保持联系
get in touch with; 取得联系 lose touch with 失去联系
38. because of 区分 because
thanks to 多亏了 as a result of 由于...的结果
due to 由于，因为 owing to 由于；因为
39. not only... but also.. （用于句首时，前句倒装）
Not only did Xiaohua learn a lot of English from her Canadian teacher, she also became very interested in Canada. (前句倒，后句不倒)
Not only the students but also the teacher doesn’t understand this sentence. (并列主语，不倒装，谓语就近一致)
40. as many as; as much as 和...一样多
as many books as as much money as
His son is as naughty a boy as he used to be when he was young.
41. in the name of 以....的名义
Unit 3必会习语
WARMING UP & SPEAKING
1. consider ...( as/to be)... 认为...是
consider sb to have done 认为某人做过某事
consider it +n./adj. for sb to do sth
consider doing sth 考虑要做某事
consider +疑问词 + to do sth 考虑...
consider that从句 认为；考虑
in consideration of 报答；由于
take ...into consideration 顾及，考虑到
under consideration 在考虑中，在研究中
2. means of transportation/transport 交通方式
Every possible means has been tried, but none worked.
All possible means have been tried, ...
by all means 不惜一切 =in all ways
by this means 用这种方法 =in this way
by no means 决不； 一点也不=in no way
by means of 通过， 借助于 = by
3. in time 及时;早晚;总有一天 travel in time 在时空中旅行
on time 准时 in no time 马上；立刻
at that time 那时 at times 有时
for the time being 暂时的
4. prefer sth / to do sth / sb to do sth 更喜欢；较喜欢
prefer doing A to doing B 宁愿做某事
prefer A to B; 喜欢A 胜于B = like A better than B
prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做A 而不愿做 B
5. in space 在太空 in outer space 在外部空间
ADVENTURE TRAVEL
6. get away (from) 摆脱； 离开
break away from 脱离 get rid of 去除
7. more and more 越来越…
8. instead of 代替； 而不是 （区分：instead）rather than
9. try doing 试验做 try to do sth 努力去做；试图作
manage to do sth = succeed in doing sth 设法做到了某事
attempt to do sth; make an attempt to do sth 企图做某事
10. get close to 靠近； 接近
11. experience life 体验生活 experience C.n 经历 U.n.经验
12. take exercise 进行锻炼 have sports; do sport
exercise C.n 练习题 (pl) 体操 U.n 锻炼
13. go for a hike = go hiking 去徒步旅行
14. watch out （for...） 留神； 提防
15. protect… from/against … 保护…免受…
16. be careful (not) to do sth 小心(不)做某事
be careful about 注意
be careful with 小心；
17. as with ....也一样 as to / for 至于；关于
18. think about 考虑 think of 想到，想起
think over 仔细考虑 think out 想出
19. go rafting 去漂流
20. unless = if not 除非...否则...
You should not go rafting unless you know how to swim.(条件)
区分：until
You must not get off the bus until it has stopped.(时间)
GRAMMAR
现在进行时表示将来的计划，打算
How are you getting to the airport
一般现在时表示时刻表的将来
My plane leaves at seven this evening.
21. go on separate holidays 分别去度假
22. in a few days’ time = in a few days =a few days later 几天后
after 和 in 的区分
23. go off to ； be off to 动身去 leave for;
24. see sb off 给某人送行 meet sb 接某人
25. take a taxi to 乘出租车 go to ...by taxi
26. have a nice / pleasant trip/journey 祝旅途愉快
27. say “Hi” to sb. for me 代我向某人问好
give my regards to sb
remember me to sb.
28. The same to you. 我也祝愿你。
对比： It’s the same with... ...也一样
It’s all the same to sb 对某人而言是一样的。
I have the same pencil bag as yours/ you have.
29. in the past 在过去 in the old days
30. at present 目前; at the present time; nowadays
31. in the future 在未来；将来 in future 以后
32. used to do sth 过去常做某事
be used to do sth 被用来做 be used for (doing) sth
be used to sth/doing sth 习惯于 get used to doing
INTEGRATING SKILLS
bine…with… 把…和…结合起来 (为了共同目的合并)
connect...with/to... 把...和...连接起来 （通过媒介物连接）
link...with/to
join...to... （直接连接）
34. on (the) one hand… , on the other hand …
一方面…, 另一方面..
35. so that = in order that 为了…； 以便…
36. learn about 了解； 学习有关…知识
37. as well as =and 也； 又；以及 as well = too
38. by doing sth... 通过作某事 by means of doing
39. make money 挣钱； 赚钱 earn money
40. the four of you 你们四个人
four of you 你们其中的四个人
41. prepare ( sth) for... 为…做准备... get ready for
prepare sb for sth 使某人为某事做好准备
be well prepared (for); 为...做好了充分的准备=be ready for
make preparations for 为...做准备
42. make notes 做笔记 take notes
WORKBOOK
43. take off （飞机）起飞；脱掉（衣帽鞋）
44. go on holiday 去度假 go to (a place) for a holiday
INTEGRATING SKILLS
45. fill…with… 给…充满… be filled with; be full of 充满了
46. the way (in which/that) + 定语从句
the/a way of doing sth = the/a way to do sth 做某事的方法
47. catch up with 赶上 keep up with 跟上；不落后
48. reach out (for sth) 伸手去（拿，碰）
49. pay attention to 注意
focus one’s attention on
call /draw/attract one’s attention to 吸引某人的注意力于
WRITING
50. give away 赠送， 放弃， 泄漏（机密）
give up 放弃 give in (to sb) 屈服
give out 分发；发出（光，热，气，味等）
give off 发出（光，热，气，味等）
51. come up with 提出；想到（主意）；
Unit 4 必会习语
WARMING UP & LISTENING & SPEAKING
1. talk about 谈论； 议论 talk with sb; talk of 提到
2. host the 2008 Olympic Games 举办2000年奥运会
3. take place = come about; happen 发生
4. be caught in (a rain; a traffic jam; the earthquake)
偶然遇上（雨，交通堵塞,地震等）
5. create a dialogue = make up a dialogue 编对话
6. play tennis 打网球
7. for fun = as a joke 开玩笑的；不是认真的；为了取乐的
8. I hope so. I hope not.
9. shout /call for help 呼救
10. go on (a) holiday 去度假 go to...for a holiday
on holiday 在度假
11. on fire 着火 catch fire 着火；set fire to=set...on fire 纵火
make fire 生火
12. I’m afraid of +n. 害怕
I’m afraid that... 担心
I’m afraid to do sth 不敢做某事
I’m afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事
I’m afraid so. 恐怕是这样
I’m afraid not. 恐怕不会。
THE RESCUE
13. a natural disaster 自然灾害
14. hear/see sb. doing sth 听见/看见某人正在做某事
hear/ see sb do sth 听见/看见某人做过某事
(五看二听一感觉)
15. look around 环顾； 四处看
16. advance towards 朝…前进
17. before +从句 还没来得及...
18. be upon 逼近； 临近
19. sweep sb down 把...冲到了
20. drag 拖拉（重物）；（比较艰难缓慢，有阻力）
drag oneself along 拖着沉重的步子走
pull 拉；扯 （应用范围比较广）
pull a tooth 拔牙 pull the door open 拉开门
pull at 拉扯 pull up 拉起来；拉上来
draw 拉（比较从容、平稳不费力）
draw one’s attention 吸引注意；draw a conclusion 得出结论
draw back 后退 draw money from bank 从银行取钱
draw near 就要来临；逼近
21. get on one’s feet （艰难的）站起来 get up; stand up
22. hold on to 抓住
23. pull up 拉起来； 拉上来
24. against the wall 倚着墙
25. fight for 为…而战 struggle for 为…而斗争
26. look into 往…里面看； 浏览； 调查
look into one’s eyes 注视着某人 stare at; fix one’s eyes on;
look sb in the mirror 照镜子
look sb up and down 上下打量某人
20. with a look of fright 害怕的； 恐惧的
21. around the corner 即将来临，on its way; draw near；
in store
22. cut down 砍倒;削减 cut up 切碎 cut off 切断
cut in 插嘴;加塞 cut out 删除;剪下来 cut away 剪掉
23. three meters deep 三米深 three metres in depth
a three-meter-deep hole = a hole of three meters deep
24. sweep away (风) 吹走； （浪） 卷走；
sweep down 吹倒； 席卷； 冲倒
25. work out 计算出；想出（办法）；制定（计划）；
work at 从事；致力于 work on 继续工作；从事于
26. refer to 指的是； 谈到；提到；查阅
WORD STUDY & GRAMMAR
定语从句：限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句
27. strike，普通用词，“打一下；打几下”，不一定有意；“敲钟”。 hit，“击中，打，对准”，着重敲打或打击对方的某一点
beat，连续的打击; 如殴打或体罚等；游戏竞赛战争中击败
knock 敲；打 ；撞击
27. advance the deadline 提前最后期限；
28．pull at/on 拉一下
29. seize an opportunity/chance 抓住机会 = grasp/take/grab...
chance 可能性 U.n. & C.n
There is a chance/no chance of sb doing sth
that 从句
The chances /chances are that... 可能...
by chance 偶然
30. （区分：pay; cost; spend; take）
sb pay money for sth
sth cost sb money
sb spend money on sth; sb spend time/money in doing sth
It takes sb time to do sth
31. in town 在城里 in the country(side) 在乡下
go to town 进城 go to the country(side) 下乡
INTEGRATING SKILLS
32．take a photo of sb / sb doing sth 给…照相
33. in a second = in a very shore time
34. a two-day trip 一次两天的旅行
35. the next morning 第二天早上
WORKBOOK
36. on the morning of April 18th, 1906
37. as a result of 由于…的结果 as a consequence of
34. A +动词/be + ten times larger than+B 比…大十倍
A +动词/be +ten times as large as+B 是…的十倍
A +动词/be +ten times the size of+B 是…的十倍
(number/amount/height/length/depth/width/age)
Unit 5 必会习语
SPEAKING
1. while still a student = while she was still a student 还是个学生的时候（状语从句的省略现象）
(you) Don’t talk while (you are) eating.
When (he was) asked how he gained first place, he suddenly
became cheerful.
The boys will go out to play football whenever (it is) possible.
I won’t go to his birthday party unless (I am) invited.
2. play/act a role 扮演角色
play the role of...
play a part/role in... 在...中起作用
3. after graduating/graduation (from...) 毕业以后
4. work as an actress 做演员
5. during/in the 1980s 二十世纪八十年代
6. win a prize 获奖 win a game/a battle/honour
beat/defeat sb 打败某人 win sb. 把某人争取过来
7. get married (to sb); 结婚（瞬间）=marry sb.
be married (to sb) 结婚（延续）
7. in the beginning = at first 开始的时候
反义；in the end = at last; finally; eventually 最后
8. make money 赚钱 earn money
GETTING TO KNOW STEVEN SPIELBERG
9. make a film ／blockbuster／follow-ups 拍电影/巨片／续集
10. The reason……is that….. 原因是…
This is because... 这是因为...
for this reason ; for some reason; for some reasons
the reason for +n./doing sth
the reason why/ for which... 定语从句
reason 与 cause 的区别
cause of the fire/accident
11. work on 从事于； 制作
12. take off 起飞；脱掉；很快上升; 开始流行／畅销
13. by the sea 在海边； by sea 乘船； in the sea 在海里
on the sea 在海面上 at sea 在海上；航海中；茫然
14. be afraid to do sth 不敢作某事
be afraid of doing sth害怕做某事
be afraid that 担心；恐怕
e from outer space 来自外部空间
16. cut／tear…into pieces 把…切／撕成碎片
cut/tear ... into halves 把...切/撕成两半
17. do research (in/into...) 搞研究
18. go wrong 出错；出故障；走错道 do a little wrong
19. in the end 最后；终于 at the end of在…末尾／尽头
by the end of 到…末为止
19. meat-eating dinosaurs 食肉恐龙
20. owe sth to sb. = owe sb sth 把…归功于；感谢；欠（债）
WORD STUDY & GRAMMAR
21. can’t help doing sth 情不自禁， 忍不住做某事
can’t help do sth 不能帮忙做某事
22. pass the exam 考试及格 fail (in) the exam 考试不及格
NOT ONE LESS
23. a thirteen-year-old girl 十三岁小姑娘
a girl of thirteen years old; a girl of thirteen years of age;
a girl aged thirteen
24. stay/be away for a month 离开一个月
25. take one’s place; take the place of 代替
26. lock …up 把…锁起来
27. run after 追赶； 追求； 追捕 be after
28. escape (from)... 从...逃离
escape from / flee (from) /run away from a country
escape doing sth ；
escape being caught 没有被抓住
catch sb doing sth; be caught doing sth
29. run away from school 逃学 skip classes
30. determine to do sth；make up one’s mind；decide
be determined to do sth 决意/ 决心做某事
31. go to town 进城 in town 在城里
go to the country in the country
32. on the air 正在广播; 播送 =be broadcast
go on the air 开始广播 go off the air 停止广播
in the air在空中; (消息等)在传播, 悬而未决的
by air = by plane
33. live adj 活的（动物）； 现场直播的； adv. 以实况的
living adj 活着的； 有生命的；现行的（前置定语；表语）
alive adj 活着的， （ 后置定语； 表语）
a living language 现行的语言
the greatest living poet 当代最伟大的诗人
a live fish 活鱼
the live gala on New Year’s Eve 直播的新年除夕晚会
the only man alive 唯一还活着的人
34. all the other pupils 所有其他学生
35. together with 和…一起
36. in one’s own words 用自己的话 in other words 换句话说
37. make comments on / make a comment on 对…发表评论
38. give one’s opinions about 对…发表意见
39. think highly/well of =speak highly of
40. encourage sb to do sth
WORKBOOK
39. lead to + n. 通往；导致 result in; cause sb to do sth
lead sb to do sth 导致某人作某事 lead to sb doing sth
lead sb (in) doing sth; 带领某人做
lead sb + 介词短语
40. make/earn a living 谋生
41. at a high /low price 以高/低价
42. make a decision 做出决定
43. accept one’s apology 接受某人的道歉
apologize to sb; make an apology to sb. 向某人道歉
44. break down 出故障； 坏了；分解 break up 拆散
45. at full / high speed 高速 at a speed of 100 miles per hour
speed up 加速 speed by 飞驰而过
46. the World Cup Final 世界杯决赛
47. think highly/well of 对…高度评价 speak highly of
48. observe / obey the law 遵守法律 break the law
49. give sb a second look 再看某人一眼
50. make a fool of sb 愚弄某人 = fool sb.
51. turn out 结果变成
52. depend on / rely on 依靠， 依赖
53. stand by sb 支持某人 support sb /take sb’s side
54. meet with 遇见
55. encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人干某事
56. lead the life of a real princess 过上真正的公主生活
57. make one’s career 在事业上有所成就
58. be clear about 对…清楚
bine ….with…把…和…结合起来
pare…with…把…和…比较
compare...to... 把...比作...
compared to/with 与...相比
Compared to men, fewer women smoke in China.
Unit 6 必会习语
Warming up & Speaking
1. apologize to sb. for sth/doing sth 因…向…道歉
make an apology to sb. for sth/ doing sth
2. mean + n./doing sth 意思是；意味着
mean +n. /to do sth/ that-clause 打算；意欲；有…的意图
mean sb to do sth. 打算（使／让）某人作某事
He meant no harm to you. / He meant you no harm.
He means his son to become a doctor.
Table Manners At A Dinner Party
3. for the first time “第一次” (作状语)
the first time “第一次”(相当于连词引导时间状语从句)
This is the first time that…. “这是第…次作某事了” (从句中用完成时)
On that day the scientist took us to the lab for the first time.
The first time we met, she wore a pair of glasses.
This is the first time that I have been here.
4. make / leave / create a good impression （on sb）
留下好印象 impress on sb
5. be impressed by/with 对...留下印象
6. drink a toast 祝酒 drink to+n. 为...干杯
7. start with = begin with 以…开始
end up with 以…结束 end in failure
8. keep silent 保持沉默
9. for a moment(一会儿); in a moment（过一会儿）;
at the moment（此时）; after a moment（过了一会儿）
for the moment（暂时）; at any moment（随时）
10. at the table 在桌前 at table 在吃饭
in the hospital / in hospital
in the prison / in prison /go to the prison /go to prison
in the church / in church / go to the church / go to church
go to the school / go to school
11．will 作情态动词,表意愿,决心,可用于if条件句中
You’d better not drink too much if you drive home after
the party.
He will come to see you if he has time.
If you will turn down the TV. There is really too much noise.
If you will read the book, I can lend it to you.
11. all the time 一直
12. drink to sb’s health / drink to sb.
13. raise one’s glass 举杯
14. take a sip 呡一小口
15. change over time 经过一段时间
16. follow the fashion of the day 跟随时尚
17. lay the table 摆桌子
18. serve the dishes 上菜
serve the people 为人民服务
serve in the army 服役
This restaurant serves Chinese food. (供应)
LANGUAGE STUDY
19. mix…with 把…和…混合 be mixed with
20. extra information 额外信息
21. leave out 省略
22. wish you all the best = best wishes for you.
Workbook Exercises
23. look forward to +n./doing 盼望;期盼…
24. stare at 盯着看
25. pay the bill 买单；付帐单
May I have the bill, please
26. behave oneself 注意自己的言行举止 behavior
27. It is certain that… 肯定…
It is uncertain whether/when, etc….
Sb +be sure/certain to do sth 一定会做某事
Sb +be sure/certain about/of... 对...有把握
Sb +be sure/certain that... 相信...
Sb +be not sure/certain whether/what...
28. fairy tales 童话
29. belong to 属于 (不用被动、进行时)
30. direct the traffic 指挥交通
31. produce / make /generate electricity 发电
32. hang (hanged/hanged) oneself vt. 上吊；绞死
hang-hung-hung 悬挂；vi. & vt.
33. The Hope Project 希望工程
Good Manners in the World
municate with 与…交流
35. shake hands with sb 和…握手
36. look right into sb's eyes/face 直视着
37. blow one's nose 擤鼻涕
38. in public 在公共场所 make ...public ; the public
39. think…to be… 认为…是…think of...as
40. at home and abroad 在国内外
41. give sb. some advice on sth / doing sth/how to do sth
给某人提建议
take/follow sb's advice 听某人的劝告
42. lead sb to do sth 导致某人做某事 lead to sb doing sth
43. pay a visit to sb/a place 拜访,参观
call on sb / call at a place
drop in (on sb) / (at a place)
44. make jokes about 拿…开玩笑； 讲笑话
play a joke on sb ; have a joke about
have a joke with sb ; joke with sb 和...开玩笑
tell jokes 讲笑话
make fun of 取笑 laugh at 嘲笑；讥笑
Unit 7 必会词语
A CITY OF HEROES
1. cultural relics/sites 文化古迹
2. in one's opinion 以某人的意见
3. Where there is a river, there is a city.
4. on the bank of a river 在河岸／畔
5. during/in one's lifetime;
in all one's life;
throughout one's life 在某人的一生中
6. look like something out of a fairy tale
像是从童话种走出来的一样
7. in history 在历史上
8. under attack/fire 被攻击 (under=in the process of)
under arrest; under discussion; under construction;
under consideration; under control; under examination; under investigation; under observation; under repairs;
9. give in （to sb) 让步，屈服 give up 放弃
give out 发放； 发出（光；热；气等）；用尽
give off 散发（光；热；气） give away 抛弃；捐赠
give over 转交，移交=hand over
10. in ruins 废墟 bring…to ruin 使…变成废墟=ruin sth
come/go to ruin=fall into ruin 变成废墟
11. lie in pieces on the ground 成为碎片撒了一地
12. We will do everything/all/what we can to save our city.
13. It seems (to me) that…;
It seems as if …;
There seems to be…
S. + seems/seemed to...
14. bring…back to life 使…复苏， 使…苏醒
come back to life 复苏； 苏醒
15. with the help of ＝ with sb's help 在…的帮助下
16. including sth. / sth. included 包括…在内
区分：include 和contain
This album contains 30 maps, including three of China.
17. look out over the city 俯视这个城市
e true 实现 (realize one’s dream)
come easy/right/loose
19. Strong, proud and united, the people of St Petersburg are the modern heroes of Russia.
形容词做伴随性状语：
Cruso returned home, full of fear.
The policeman put down the telephone, satisfied with a smile on his face.
I went to bed, hungry.
LANGUAGE STUDY & GRAMMAR
19. over a period of 150 years 经过150 年
19. change one's mind 改变主意
20. in men's table tennis singles / doubles event
在男子乒乓球单打比赛中
21. pull down 推倒；拆
21. send up 发射 send for; send out;
22. set up 成立; 建立；found; put up; build
23. turn/change…into… 把…变成
24. keep the same look 保持原貌
25. so far = up till now 到目前为止
INTEGRATING SKILLS
26. make + 宾语＋宾语补足语 使的…
make + 宾语+ do sth =sb be made to do sth
+ n.
+ adj.
+ done
make one's voice heard ；
make oneself known/understood
WORKBOOK EXERCISES
27. provide / supply sth for sb = provide sb with sth. 给…提供
offer sb sth = offer sth to sb
28. be careful with 对…小心／认真
29. have much /little/nothing in common
有很多／几乎没有／没有共同之处
30. be made up of 由…组成 consist of
31. settle down 定居 settle a problem
32. keep in touch with 与…保持联系 keep track of
get in touch with 与…取得联系
be out of touch with 与…失去联系
lose touch with 与…失去联系
33. bring down／up the price 降价／提价 v.t
go down /up v.i
34. put up a notice 张贴布告
35. the State Council 国务院
THE RESCUE OF ABU SIMBEL
36. for several reasons 由于一些原因
37. all through the year ＝ all the year round 一年四季
throughout the year
38. rise by 63 meters 上升了63 米
by 表示“相差程度”
39. as a result /consequence of 由于…的结果
40. date from = date back to 追溯于； 始建于
This temple dates from the Song Dynasty.
The temple, dating back to the Song Dynasty, will be pull down.
41. in danger 处于危险中; out of danger 脱离危险
42. be carved in rock 被刻在岩石上
43. make a plan for 为…制订计划
44. stone by stone 一块石头一块石头地
one by one
45. in all = in total =altogether 总共
46. be marked with 被标上…记号
47. Three Gorges Dam 三峡大坝
48. The Temple of Heaven 天坛
Unit 8 必会习语
WARMING UP & SPEAKING
1. the Olympic Games 奥运会
2. stand for 代表；容忍；支持/拥护；为...候选人
区分：represent 和 stand for
3. the Olympic Torch Relay 奥运火炬接力
4. the host city 主办城市
5. be worth ＋ n. 值… sth.+ be worth doing …值得做
be worthy of + n.
be worthy of being done
be worthy to be done
It is worth while to do sth / doing sth
6. score 20 points 得20分 （v.）
a score of people 20人 two score of people 40人
three score and ten of people 70人
scores of people 许多人
注意：a dozen eggs 十二个鸡蛋 two dozen eggs
a dozen of these eggs 一打这种鸡蛋
dozens of eggs 许多鸡蛋
THE OLYMPIC GAMES
7. every four years 每四年；每隔三年
every fourth year 每第四年
every other year 每隔一年
every few years 每隔几年
8. take part in = join in = participate in 参加
attend 出席 join sb (in doing sth) 和某人一起做某事
9. compete in 参加（竞赛）
compete against/with 与…相对抗
compete for 为…而竞争
10. allow /permit/forbid sb to do sth 允许/禁止某人做某事
allow/permit/forbid doing sth 允许/禁止做某事
Nothing is permitted; everything is allowed.
一切都不（明文）准许；但也不（明文）禁止。
11. in modern times 在现代 in ancient times 在古代
12. do ／try one's best to do sth 尽力做某事
13. rank third/high/low 位居第三/排名高（低）
She ranks first in English study in our class.
people of all ranks 各个阶层的人
14. host the Olympic games 主办奥运会
15. light the torch 点燃火炬 (lit—lit; lighted—lighted)
He lit a candle and the lighted candle lit up the room.
16. in preparation for 为…做准备
prepare for 为…做准备
make preparations for 为...作准备
17. have a good / bad effect on …对…有好/坏影响=affect
have influence on=influence
LANGUAGE STUDY
18. tens of thousands of 成千上万
19. pay …( to sb) for sth 付钱给…买…
20. at the opening /closing (ceremony) of 在…开/闭幕式上
21. by hand 手工 with one’s hands
22. spend…on sth 在…花费（钱；时间）
spend….(in) doing sth 花 （钱；时间） 做某事
spend (time) +a place 在某地度过（一段时间）
23. more than ＝ not only 不仅
More than fifty people attended the conference.
He dressed more than simply. 他穿着极为朴素。
We were more than pleased to hear of her coming.
He is more than a teacher to me.
She more than smiled, but laughed. (岂止是微笑，简直是大笑)
He is more brave than wise. (有勇无谋)
more than不仅 no more than = only 仅仅
Yao Ming has more than just size; he also has great skill and speed and he is a team player. （不仅）
He has no more than handsome look; he is neither wise nor polite. （仅仅）
not more than = less than 不超过；至多
no more than = only 仅仅
There is no more than ten yuan in my pocket. (只有)
There is not more than ten yuan in my pocket. （不到）
He is no taller/no more careful than me. （并不比...更）
He is not taller/more careful than me. （不如）
24. live one's dream ＝try to realize one's dream 努力实现梦想
WORKBOOK EXERCISES
25. set /give a good example to sb 为…树立好榜样
copy / follow the example of 学习/效仿...的榜样
26. the International Olympic Committee 国际奥委会
27. the spirit of the Olympic Games 奥林匹克精神
28. care about 关心
29. take up 占去（空间）； 开始从事；拿起；
30. put on weight = gain weight 体重增加
lose weight 减肥
31. as follows 如下
FOR THE LOVE OF THE GAME
32. even if 即使
33. hear about/of 听说
hear from sb 收到某人来信
hear that... 听说
34. I wish +从句 （虚拟语气；时态倒退一步）
I wish I were twenty years younger.
I wish I could make as much money as Michael Jordan.
I wish I had seen my favuorite movie star the other day.
35．deal with 对付；应付；处理；涉及；做生意
How did you deal with the rubbish
What did you do with the rubbish
36. shoot the ball into the other team's goal 把球踢入对方球门
Unit 9 必会习语
SPEAKING
1.be used for 被用于… be used as 被用作…
2. It depends. 要看情况而定。
LIFE ON THE GO
3. live life on the go 过着忙碌的生活
4. on the go 忙忙碌碌的； 四处奔走
5. make it possible for sb to do sth 使得某人做某事成为可能
6. throughout the world 遍及世界
7. more than 不仅， 多于；
no more than 仅仅； 只不过
not more than 少于， 不足
8. add to 增添；增加 add…to… 给…增加…
add up 加起来 add up to 加起来总共是
9. remind sb of/about sth 提醒某人某事
remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事
remind sb of doing sth 提醒某人已做过某事
remind that...
10．have an appointment with sb. 和…有预约
keep /break one's appointment 守约／违约
make an appointment with sb. 和…约定
by appointment 按约定
11. obey /break the rules 遵守／违反规定
12. agree (not) to do sth
agree that sb can/will do sth
agree with; agree to; agree on
13. dare not do = don't dare to do 不敢作…(同need)
14. take sth/sb away from… 把….从….带／拿走
14. stay/keep in touch with sb.; /keep track of
be in touch with 与…保持联系
get in touch with 与…取得联系
lose touch with 与…失去联系
be out of touch with
15. call for help 求救
16. in case (of an emergency) 万一； 以免
in case +从句 万一
17. do whatever he wants to do 想干什么就干什么
whatever 和 no matter what 区分
LANGUAGE STUDY
18. according to 根据
19. the negative/positive effect of ….的负面/正面影响
INTEGRATING SKILLS
20. take over 接管
21. (in) the way that/in which… …的方法
The few surviving human beings are being used (in) the way (that) we use machines today.
22. break down 出故障
23. dream of/ about 梦见；梦想
24. fail to do sth; fail in doing sth 没能做到…
succeed in doing sth 成功的做某事
be successful in doing sth
25. force sb to do sth 强迫某人做某事 oblige sb to do sth
by force 靠武力
e up with 想到； 提出
27. take steps /measures/action to do sth 采取措施
28. look up the words in the dictionary 在字典上查单词
29. go for a job interview 去面试找工作
30. unite as one 团结一致
31. hand in one's homework 交作业
32. suffer a serious defeat 遭惨败
FUTURE TRAVEL：TELEPORTATION
33. be based on 以…为基础
34. take …apart 把…分解 =separate
put…together
35. on the way 在路上 on one’s way to 在去...的路上
in the way 妨碍；挡道 in a way 在某种程度上
by the way 顺便问一下 （in）this/that way 这样
in the same way 用同样的方法
in different ways 用不同的方法
in no way 决不；一点也不
the way to do/of doing sth 做...的方法
the way (that/in which)定语从句
make one’s way to 朝...走去
all the way 一路上；从头至尾
by way of 经由；通过...的方法
way of life 生活方式
36. so far 到目前为止
37. We are still a long way from being able to do sth.
=It will take us a long time to be able to do sth.
38. It is possible (for sb) to do sth
It is likely/possible/probable that...
Sb is likely to do sth.
39. The more we know, the more we can imagine.
越..., 就越....
The more you listen to English, the easier it will become.
The longer you live in this place, the less you will like it.
Unit 10 习语必会
WARMING UP & LISTENING & SPEAKING
1.no longer; no more
1. There be… left 有…剩下
2. hunt animals for food 为得到…而捕猎…
hunt for 搜寻
hunt animals 狩猎
3. know of/about 对…了解
4. in danger 处于危险中 out of danger 脱离危险
in danger of 面临...的危险
endanger vt. 使...濒危；危害
endangered animals 濒危动物 become endangered
5. die out 灭绝； 消失
die away ； die off; die of; die from; die down
be dying for 渴望；很想
6. It follows that… 由此得出…； 可见…
People get sick because of air pollution. It follows that we must do something about it.
人们生病是因为空气污染。可见我们必须采取行动了。
7. lead to 导致
8. take turns to do sth/ doing sth 轮流做某事
do sth in turn/by turns
9. act as 扮演 play a role of
ARE WE ENDANGERED
10. an environmental expert 一位环境专家
11. keep/stop/prevent sb from doing sth 阻止…做…
keep sb doing sth 使...一直做...
keep (on) doing sth 坚持做某事
protect...from/against 保护...免受...
12. we don't do as we say. 我们言行不一。
13. ( take sb ) on a tour of... （带某人）游览...
14. have a bright future 用有一个灿烂的未来
15. harm sb/ do harm to sb/ do sb harm/ be harmful to sb
伤害某人；对...有害=be bad for
do good to sb/do sb good/ be good for/
benefit sb./be of benefit to 对...有好处/益
16. take measures/steps/action 采取措施
17. be used to sth/ doing sth 习惯于…
18. adapt to (改变以)适应 adapt oneself to 使自己适应于
adjust to (调整以)适应
19. become endangered 频临危险
20. the original species 原有的物种 species (单复数相同)
21. first of all 首先 at first; above all
22. make a big difference 大改观；影响大
23.If we know more about what causes endangerment, we may be able to take measures before it is too late. 如果我们能更多地了解致使生物濒危的原因，就能及时采取补救措施。
They are thinking of buying the house before the prices go up. 他们正在考虑趁房价未涨时把房子买下来。
If you don’t like the present job, I suggest you look for another one before it is too late.
如果你不喜欢目前的工作，我建议你趁早另谋出路。
He hung up before I could say a word.
我还没说一句话，他就挂了电话。
LANGUAGE STUDY
24. devote oneself to sth/doing sth 致力于…
be devoted to sth/doing sth 投身于
a devoted friend / wife
25. at present 目前 at the present time
be present at 出席
26. explain sth to sb 向某人解释…=explain to sb sth
27. set…free 释放 =free
28. in the wild 处于野生状态
INTEGRATING SKILLS
29．be careful with 细心；认真
be careful of/about 注意；留意
30. throw away 扔掉；throw about 四处乱扔
31. care about 关心 care for 喜欢；
workbook
32. go on a tour to 去…观光／游览
33. a large amount of (money) 许多(钱)
34. (translate) word for word 逐字地
answer point for point 逐点答复
对比：one by one; little by little
35. up to （1）正在做；从事于（2）大约； 多达
（3）理应；视为...的职责
What’s he up to 他在干什么？ （常用作贬义）
I guess the fellow is up to no good.
我猜这个家伙要图谋不轨。
The little boy can count up to twenty.
这小孩能从一数到二十。
The students are allowed up to two hours to finish the test. 学生们有长达两小时的时间来完成试题。
It’s up to you to decide what to do next.
由你来决定我们下一步做什么。
The success of this project is up to us.
这个项目的成败取决于我们.
36. become extinct = die out
37. keep…as a pet 把…当宠物养
mon adj. 常见的； 共同的； 普遍的(侧重指共性；强调“非特殊性，非优秀性” 或 "不足为奇的"
usual adj 通常的；寻常的；惯常的 （多指”习惯性的，遵循常规的，一贯如此的" 强调时间角度。
ordinary 通常的；普通的， 也指普遍的，但不是因为大家所共有而普遍常见， 而是因为符合事物的正常法则及一般规律而十分普遍； 也可带贬义，指低于一般标准的事物或人。
popular 普及的；通俗的， 指为广大群众所接受或深受喜爱的
general 一般的；普通的； 指属于大部分人或大部分事物的属性， 因此是一般的，普通的，可能也包括了一些极少数的例外。
Unit 11 习语必会
WARMING UP & SPEAKING
1. a piece of music 一支曲子
2. Can you help me to decide what to buy
3. What do you have in mind 你有什么主意？
4. dance to (a song/music) 伴着（歌曲／音乐）跳舞
5. What can/do you suggest
suggest sth
suggest (sb) doing sth
suggest that...
suggest +虚拟语气 （建议） insist +虚拟 (坚决要求)
suggest + 陈述语气 （表示） insist +陈述 (坚决认为)
6. Have you considered doing... 你考虑过...吗？
consider...（as/to be）... 认为...是...
consider sb to have done sth 认为...做过某事
THE SOUND OF THE WORLD
5. a musical instrument 乐器
6. musical styles 音乐风格
in style 流行的 out of style 过时的
7. have much/nothing in common with
和…有许多/没有相同之处
8. along with 和…一起
9. a variety of 各种各样的 varieties of = various
LANGUAGE STUDY
10. pick out 挑出 choose; select
pick up; pick on; pick
11. The style is the man. 文如其人
12. the key to the classroom 教室的钥匙
the answer to the question 问题的答案
the solution to the problem 问题的解决办法
the entrance to the station 车站的入口
13. give/put on a performance 表演/上演节目
14. golden pen 金笔 gold necklace 金项链
15. a two-room house 一个两室的房子
a four-storey building = a building of four storeys/stories
16. make a record 录制唱片 set a record 创纪录
record a song 录一首歌
17. turn into 变成； 译成 turn...into; turn to
POP VERSUS ROCK
18. become more and more similar 变得越来越相似
19. make music one's career 把音乐当事业
20. on the other hand 另一方面
20. satisfy sb. 使得某人满意
be satisfied with 对…感到满意
be pleased with; be content with
satisfactory = satisfying; satisfaction
21. satisfy one’s inner desire 满足某人的内心欲望
21. make people feel easy 让人们感觉轻松／悠闲
22. forget about 忘记了
AMERICAN COUNTRY MUSIC
23. have a hit 风靡一时
24. over the past twenty years 经过了过去的20年
25.be common for 对...很普通的
25. think…to be…. 认为…是
26. turn to 转向； 求助于；翻到
turn writer 成为作家 turn 20 过了20岁
27. think well of （be well thought of）
=think highly of =speak highly of
= sing high praise for 对…评价很高
28. make fun of 取笑; 拿某人取乐
29. bring in 带来(收入); 引进(技术)
30. on their travels 在旅行时
31, in the open air 在户外
31. for free 免费
a free meal
He is free with his money.
All these books are given away (for) free/free of charge.
The old woman has never been free from pain.
You are free to do anything you like, within the law.
Unit 12 必会习语
Warming up & Speaking
1. match…with… 把….和….相配
2. action film 动作片
3. romantic comedy 浪漫喜剧
4. shootings and fights 枪战
5. at the art festival 在艺术节上／期间
HARRY POTTER
6. magical power 魔力
7. magic tricks 魔术技巧
8. welcome to + n. 欢迎到…. Welcome home!
give sb a warm welcome 热烈欢迎
9. a world of magic and wonders 充满魔力和神奇的世界
10. a series of 一系列的
11. seem like =look like 看起来像
12. treat sb to sth 请某人（吃…） treat sb badly 虐待
treat ...as/like...
13. in trouble 在困境中
get into trouble 陷入困境
ask for trouble 自找麻烦 make trouble 捣乱
put sb to trouble 给人添麻烦
take trouble to do sth 不辞辛苦的做某事
14. do the right thing 做得对
e across
1. be understood;
He spoke for a long time but his meaning did not come across.
2. make an impression;
She came across well/badly in interviews.
He came across as a sympathetic person.
3. meet or find sb/sth by chance = run into
I came across some old photos in a drawer.
16. fight against 与…作斗争／打架／打仗 fight n.
fight with; fight for
17. believe 和believe in
believe in 信仰 (真理；宗教；原则)
信任= trust in；trust；have trust in
信赖=rely on
I believe him, but I don’t believe in/trust (in) him.
我相信他所说的话，但我不信任他/相信他的人格/能力。
Do you believe in God
believe和trust
believe sb/what sb said 相信某人（所说的话）
believe ...to be... 认为...是...
believe...to have done 认为/相信...做过某事
believe that... 相信；认为
trust that...
I believe/trust that you will join us. (trust比believe语气强)
I believe him to be an honest man.
=I believe that he is an honest man.
I believe him to have passed the exam.
=I believe that he has passed the exam.
I can’t trust that boy out of my sight.
我一看不见那个孩子就不放心。
18. grow up to be... 长大后成为...
19. share the same goal 有着共同目标
20.be strong in heart and mind 意志坚强，头脑聪明
THE QUESTION
21. whisper sth to sb 小声／悄悄给某人说
whisper sth in one's ear 咬耳朵
in a whisper 小声地
22. as if 好像
23. not all = all not 并不都
not every = every...not 并非每个...都
not both=both not 并非两个都...
...not all of them were safe.=...all of them were not safe.
Not both of the students are good at English.
=Both of the students are not good at English.
完全否定：None of the rooms are safe.
Neither of the students is good at English.
24. if only 要是…就好了
If only my mother were here with me.
25. be about to do sth when… 正要…这时…
26. turn around 转身
27. walk/run up to; go/come up to 上前去
28. go past 从...的旁边过去
WORKBOOK EXERCISES
29. play a trick on sb. 给某人恶作剧
30. apologize to sb for sth 向某人道歉
make an apology to sb.
31.(1) 摆脱…的习惯
get out of the habit (of doing sth) ;
get rid of the habit of
break off the habit of
(2) 养成…的习惯
get/fall into the habit (of doing sth)
form the/a habit (of doing sth)
(3) 有…的习惯
have the/a habit of
be in the /a habit of
32. TV series 电视连续剧
33. primary school 小学 elementary school
34. Attention, please, I have an announcement to make.
请大家注意，我要宣布一个通知。
May I have your attention, please 请大家注意啦!
35. run after 追赶；追求；追捕
BOOK MAFIC
36. be similar to 与…相似 the same as 和...一样
37. in other words 换句话说 in one’s own words
38. just like us doing what we do 就像我们做我们的事
=just as we do what we do
e (back) to life 苏醒；复苏；恢复生机
bring sb (back) to life 使...苏醒；使...恢复生机
40. in a way 在某种程度上
41. lose oneself in = be lost in 沉浸于； 沉醉于
Lost in thought, he almost knocked into a tree.
42. be eager/anxious to do sth 迫切地/渴望要做某事
be eager for/about/after 渴望得到
be anxious about 为...担忧；焦虑
long for 渴望得到 be dying for
高一下学期英语词汇
1. ought to应当，应该
2. keep up with跟上，赶上
3. plenty of许多，大量的（作定语）
4. in plenty许多，丰富（作状语）
5. make a choice做出选择
6. now and then偶尔，时而
7. prepare a dish做一道菜
8. a balance diet均衡饮食
9. be/go on diet在节食
no longer不再
10. be based on/upon以…为基础
take medicine吃药
11. be harmful to对…有害
12. offer advise about/on提…的建议
13. lose weight减肥
14. cut …into pieces把…切碎
15. gain weight=put on weight增肥
16. make up for补偿
17. get along with和…相处
18. put up with忍受
19. go for sb对某人也一样
20. in large amount大批地
21. be short of=be lacking of 缺乏，缺少
22. do up one’s hair做发型
23. refer to查阅，提到
24. settle down定下心来，安家落户
25. settle up付清，结账
26. settle for勉强同意，接受
27. settle in（使）习惯（环境等）
28. settle on定居（短暂停留）
of high/good quality高质量的
29. sign an agreement with…与…达成协
30. in relation to与…有关的
31. but for要不是
32. thanks to由于，幸亏
33. apart from除…之外
34. hand down传下来
35. and so on等等
36. in ancient time在古代
37. go against违背
38. guide to（介词）指导
39. of (no) effect（无）效
40. take effect生效，奏效
41. bring/carry…into/to effect实施
42. come/go into effect开始实施
43. depend on/upon依靠
44. That/It (all) depends.这很难说。
i. stand for代表
45. in condition身体好
46. out of condition身体不好
47. on condition that….如果，条件是
48. in/under favorable conditions在有利形势下
49. bring in引进，赚钱
a) year after year年复一年
50. Point out指出
51. make use of利用
52. tongue twister绕口令
a) be on good terms (with sb.)关系好
53. drive off开走，击退
54. look on…as把…看作…
55. Ahead of更前，更早
56. give sb a hand给某人帮助
57. Get through通过，到达
58. tear down拆毁
59. Hold up举起
60. Intend to do sth打算做某事
61. Intend to have done本想做（而没能做）
62. Intend…for…=be intended for…供……用
63. Dress up打扮，装饰
64. in one’s opinion依某人之见
65. Play a trick on sb开某人玩笑
66. take in收容，理解，包含，欺骗
67. Be determined to do sth下决心做……
68. Gift money压岁钱
69. fire works鞭炮
70. Save money存钱
71. ask for a day off请一天假
72. Happen to meet碰巧遇见
73. be jealous of sb嫉妒某人
74. Believe in信仰
75. dress up as装扮成，打扮成
76. Do crime犯罪
77. light up照亮
78. Do honor to sb=do sb honor礼遇某人，对某人表示敬意
79. On purpose=by accident故意地
80. care for喜欢，照顾
81. Make fool of愚弄
82. in other words换句话说
83. hope for对…希望
84. seek after追求
85. A similar to B A和B相似
86. take on呈现
87. Or else或者
88. personal affair隐私
89. Date back to =date from始于，追溯到
90. Appreciate good food欣赏美味
91. suit…to…使…适合于…
92. Be suit to/for适合于…
93. In all direction朝四面八方
94. in …direction=in direction of朝…的方向
95. under the direction of在…的指导下
96. Follow one’s directions遵照某人的指示
97. Be angry with sb for sth…因…生某人的气
98. be likely to很有可能
99. make fun of取笑
100. No laughing matter不是闹着玩的
101. exist…in 存在于…
102. Get into contact with sb与某人取得联系
103. Make contact with sb与某人联络
104. (be) in contact with 与…有交往
105. lose/break contact with与……失去联系
106. go ahead 前进
107. be crazy about对…着迷
108. go into details细说
109. in detail详细地
110. focus…on…把…集中于…
111. occur to sb使某人突然想到
112. fell down感到闷闷不乐
113. in a hurry匆忙地
114. accept …as认为…是…
i. bring on引发
115. make oneself done使…被…
116. make conversation交谈
117. have/hold a conversation with与……交谈
118. be in conversation with与…谈话中
119. divide…into..把…分成…
120. ivide between/among…把…分给…
121. achieve success获得成功
122. an injured look一副受冤的表情
123. call on 拜访（某人）
a) call at拜访（某地）
124. bring back拿回来，使恢复
125. day and night日日夜夜地
126. pay off还清
127. at most 至多
128. a number of许多
129. a great deal of许多
i. pick out挑出，辨别出
130. test on在…做实验
131. be continued 未完待续
132. pay back偿还，报复
133. sth of good/poor quality质量好的…
134. would rather宁愿
135. after all毕竟
136. be well worth 很值得
137. without luck运气不好
138. in the hope of doing…抱着…的希望
139. bring about引起，导致
140. bring up哺育
141. belong to sb/sth属于…
142. without limit无限地
143. run/take a risk冒险
144. limit…to …把…限制在…
a) at risk处于危险中
145. at any risk不顾一切
146. at the risk of冒着…的危险
147. to one’s sorrow使…悲伤的是
148. than usual 比平常…
149. badly off贫穷的
150. bear/take one’s share of…负担…的部分
151. keep…at harm’s length保持…的距离
152. a total failure一个彻底的失败者
153. save the situation收拾局面
154. trade in以交方式购入
155. trade with从事贸易
156. be popular with受…的欢迎
157. culture of mind and body身心修养
158. (be)of (no) use有（无）用
159. put…to use利用
160. to one’s knowledge 据某人所知
161. express oneself表达自己的意思
162. tell…from…把…和…分开
163. means of transport交通方式
164. together with=as well as也
165. against to the wall靠着墙
166. without a sound悄无声息地
167. pull out把…拉上来
168. not later than不迟于
169. get close to接近…
170. just as 恰如
171. without turning a hair毫不畏惧
172. in disorder混乱
173. be familiar with 熟悉
174. rushed off one’s feet忙于工作
175. at work忙于工作
176. n the go奔波
177. go through with 完成
178. at one go一口气
179. miss one’s turn 错过
180. be devoted to sb喜欢某人
181. to…degree 达到…程度
182. succeed in doing sth成功的做了某事
183. do about处理 应付
184. clear away清除打扫
185. go out熄灭
186. push open推开
187. be up to sb 由某人决定
188. tire out筋疲力尽
189. not a bit = not at all一点也不
190. there is no doubt毫无疑问
191. be willing to do = like to do愿意
192. a number of 若干 ，一些
193. the rule of conduct行为准则
194. charge a pipe给烟斗塞烟
195. be charged with充满……
196. tear at sth撕扯……
197. fasten…to…把…拴在…上
198. explain sth to sb = explain to sb sth向某人解释某事
199. fasten one’s eyes to sb眼睛盯着某人
200. in tears哭泣，掉泪
201. end in a tie以平局结束
202. in your own words用你自己的话
e into use开始使用
204. can’t help doing忍不住
205. stop…from doing阻止
206. leave sth done 让……做……
207. by choice 出于选择
208. for choice要选就选
209. ask after sb问候某人
210. give away赠出，让出
211. set the scene为某事做准备
212. full dress盛装
213. a pieces of jewellery一件珠宝
214. look about/around 警戒
215. look on旁观
216. look through浏览
217. look up to尊敬
218. act for代理
219. act on/upon对……起作用
220. know of听说过
221. by chance偶然地
222. by mistake由于疏忽
223. be in use在使用中
224. make a great discovery完成一项重大任务
225. bring…to use= put …to use加以利用
226. call sb names谩骂某人
227. in the name of以……的名字
228. in change主管
229. free of change免费
230. at one’s own change自费
231. out of control失去控制
232. be particular about对…挑剔
a) knock over撞翻
233. lay down one’s life献出生命
234. a man of name知名人士
235. turn in归还，交上
236. carry on research进行研究
237. take up research开始研究
238. act against违反
239. speak against发表抨击
240. little by little逐渐地
241. out of date这时的
242. up to date最新式的
243. to date 到目前为止
put a date to sth注明日期
244. set/fix the date确定日期
245. keep a date赴约
246. go off 出发，爆发（机器等停止）
247. go into详细调查
248. go by 走过，……流逝
249. go beyond超越
250. go about 四处走走，开始
251. around the corner即将来临，在拐角处
252. die down平息
e to terms with甘心忍受
254. what else而且
255. be about to即将开始
256. at the top of one’s voice大声地
257. self rescue自救
258. be mean with对…吝啬
259. take shelter躲避
260. work with sb对……起作用
261. smell of闻出……的味道
262. break up弄碎
263. hold up阻滞
264. a threatening letter恐吓信
265. somehow or other设法，想办法
266. admire sb as…钦佩某人是…
267. admire sb for sth 钦佩某人的…
268. admire oneself in the mirror照镜子
269. rise/come to fame 成名
270. opposite to 在…对面
271. to one’s regret 使某人遗憾的是
272. be surrounded with/by被…围绕
273. get/gain/take possession of占有，占领
274. make up组成，构成，凑足
275. turn to转向，求助于
276. go sailing 驾船航行
277. go camping宿营
e into one’s possession被某人占有
279. in one’s possession=in the possession of sb被某人据有
280. (be) in possession of持有，拥有
281. 零 散 记 忆
282. only+介词短语(方式状语)+倒装句
283. e.g.: Only in this way will we be ready for the…
284. the only/just/very/first + n.+ that(who)+定从
285. 当n.为物时只用that,当n.为人时只用who。
286. be of + 抽象名词，表“具有……”
287. begin to do 和begin doing
a) 一般情况下意思相同，但 1）begin为现在进行时时；
288. 2）当begin后为think,realise等类词时，只用to do。
289. Make it (F.O) +adj+to do sth.
290. To,on,in 在表方位时：
a) on表接壤 2）in在范围之内 3）to不接壤
291. 7、hope: 1)+that-clause 2)+to do 3)+for sth
292. a/the way (that) +定语从句
293. to do 和v-ing 做主语和宾语：
294. to do一次性和具体性；v-ing表经常性延续性
295. so…that… “如此…以致于…”引导结果状从句。
296. So…部分放在句首时，句子要倒装
297. 比较：so…that…和such…that…的句型构成
a) so+adj./adv.+that… such+a(n)+adj.+n.+that…
b) such+adj.+U.C.N.+that…
298. such+n.(pl.)+that…
299. with+宾+宾补（形容词、介词短语、副词、分词、不定式），在句中状语或定语
300. 12、a great many+n.(pl.),当此名词前有限定词如the ,these,those等，则用a great many of
301. 13、系表结构 stay+adj. 一直保持某种状态
302. 14、only to do sth 这一结构常作结果状语，用以指随即发生的意料之外的事，有“反而，却”之意。
303. 15、 advise(n. advice) “建议，忠告”
304. 1）advise+n./pron. 2)advise sb. (not) to do sth
305. 3)advise doing sth 4)advise sb.+clause(虚拟语气)
306. 16、the reason 与for连用表语从句只用that引导
307. 17、used to:
1. used not to +动词原形=usedn’t to+动词原形
308. did not use to+动词原形=didn’t use to+动词原形
1. used+主+to+动词原形
2. did+主+use to+动词原形
i. It seems to that…
309. 18、seem It seems as if/though…
i. There seems (to be)…
310. 19、Seem,that和appear
311. 三词后均可加形容词、副词、分词等；
312. appear,seem后可接to do ,而look后只加to be
313. look后只可接as if引导的从句，不能接that 从句
i. 20、accept
314. n./pron 接受……
1. sb/sth+as+n./adj.把……视为，接受……
2. that-clause 承认
315. 21、worth与worthy
1. n.值多少钱 of sth值得，配得上
316. be worth+ be worthy + of being值得做
a) doing 值得的 to be done值得做
317. 22、 a.have sb doing 使某人做某事，表动作一直进行
i. b.have sb do 使某人做某事，表动作完成或可能发生
ii. c.have sth to do 有某事要做，have意为“有，拥有”
iii. d. have sth done 使某事被做，done表被动动作
318. 23、表“许多大量”的几个词组：
i. a great/good many
a) a large/great/good number of +可数名词
i. a good few/quite few
ii. many a
iii. a great/good deal of
iv. a large/great amount of +不可数名词
v. quite a little
vi. a lot of/lots of
vii. a large/great quantity of +可数名词或
viii. large quantities of 不可数名词
ix. plenty of
x. 24、keep doing sth.一直干，后跟状态性动词
1. keep on doing sth.反复干……，强调动作的重复
xi. 25、It is…for sb to do sth
1. It is…that-clause
xii. 26、happen
xiii. 主（人）+happens+to do
xiv. It(形主) +（so）happen +that-clause
xv. 27、allow(vt.)
xvi. a. allow+ 名/形 b. allow+含有不定式的复合宾语
xvii. c. allow+动名词 d. allow+sb.+介词短语/副词
xviii. 28、连系动词的分类：
1. 变化类：become,go,get,grow,fall,turn ect.
2. 感官类：fell,smell,taste,look,sound ect.
3. 显现类：appear,seem,look ect.
4. 状态类：keep,stay,come,stand ect.
xix. 29、though相当于however ,用于句末。
xx. 30、动词+to构成的短语：
xxi. look forward to盼望… turn to求助于，转向
xxii. pay attention to注意 stick to坚持
xxiii. get down to开始认干 object to反对
xxiv. belong to属于 refer to涉及，谈到
xxv. point to指向 see to处理，料理
e to共计，苏醒 reply to答复
xxvii. agree to同意 add to增加
b) devote…to…贡献…给… compare…to…把…比作…
319. 高一下学期语法重难点集汇
320. 主谓一致
a) 主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持数的一致关系。一个句子中主谓一致，通常指三个基本原则：语法一致，即形式上一致；概念一致，即概念或意念上的一致；毗邻一致，即谓语动词的形式与邻近的名词一致。
b) 语法一致原则
i. 在通常情况下，一个句子的主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致。即主语为单数形式，谓语也为单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语也为复数形式。如：
1. This exercise on English idioms is not easy.这个英语短语练习不容易。
ii. 在“there be”结构中， “be”的单复数取决与后面主语的数.如：
1. There has been little change in this city.这个城市没有多少变化。
iii. 3、“one of”结构，位于用单数，“two of”结构位于用复数
iv. One of the things I want to do is traveling.我想做的一件事是去旅行。
v. Two of the boys have lost their way home.有两个男孩回家迷路了。
vi. 倒装句的主语在谓语之后，避免误用。
1. Never before has she been to Paris!她以前从未去过巴黎。
c) 概念一致
i. 主语是抽象概念、短语或从句，谓语用单数形式。如：
ii. To tell lies is wrong.说谎是不正确的。（不定式做主语）
iii. Keeping the house is a tiring job.管理家务是一件很劳累的事。（动名词做主语）
iv. How this happened is not clear to anyone.(从句做主语)
v. 注意：
321. 用what或which引导的主语从句或简单句中的数的概念取决于后面的表语，因为它们在逻辑上的意义是相同的。如：
1. Which is your seat 你的座位是哪一个？
a) Which are your seats 你们的座位是哪些？
322. 单个的分词作主语，不定式作主语，以及主语从句，谓语都用单数，若用连接上述的相同两个成分，谓语才用复数。
i. 两个或两个以上的主语用and和both连接时，谓语用复数形式。
ii. and连接的并列主语指同一人或同一样东西，and后的名词前没有冠词，谓语用单数；若有，则用复数。如：
1. My best friend and adviser has changed his mind again.我的密友兼顾问又改变他的想法了。
2. My friend and the student Sue are in the classroom.我的朋友和那位叫苏的同学在教室里。
a) 若and后面加not,谓语用单数。如：
i. Lilei,and not I, has won the game.是 Lilei赢了比赛，而不是我。
b) 用and 连接的单数主语，前面有each,every,many a,no等词修饰时，谓语用单数。
c) 复数主语前加each,谓语仍用复数。
d) no后面名词为单数，谓语用单数；后为复数，谓语用复数。
e) 毗邻一致
1. 由not only…but also,neither…nor…,either…or…,or 连接的并列主语，在肯定句中谓语变化取决于后面的饿主语，在疑问句中取决于前面的主语。如；
2. Either he or I am mistaken.他和我都没错。
3. Either he or you are to go there.不是他就是你要到那儿去。
f) （详见高一下册P155~P156）
323. 虚拟语气
1. 虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不是事实。虚拟语气是通过句中的谓语动词的特殊形式来表现的，因此，掌握虚拟语气中的各种谓语动词的形式变化，是掌握虚拟语气的关键。
a) 虚拟语气在简单句中的用法
1. 虚拟语气用于简单句中，一般表示祝愿、命令等。谓语动词要用原形。
b) 虚拟语气在主从复合句中的用法
1. 在状语从句中的用法
i. 条件句中的用法
ii. 虚拟语气的条件句是用谓语动词的特殊形式来表现与现在、过去事实相反的情况或对将来发生的情况表示怀疑，和直陈语气条件句中的谓语动词形式以及表达的含义完全不同。虚拟语气条件句中所用的谓语动词的过去时、过去完成时、过去将来时等，只表示不同的虚拟语气，和直陈语气的过去时、过去完成时、过去将来时等毫无关系。
iii. 现将虚拟语气的各种具体形式和用法分述如下；
a) 表示与现在事实相反的情况
c) ①形式
条件从句的动词形式 主句的动词形式
If I (we,you,he,she,it,they)+行为动词的过去式（be的过去式一般用were） I (we) shouldYou (he,she , +动词原形或：they,it ) would 所有人称+might(could)+动词原形
324. ②用法：
a) If I had more time, I should study German.(fact:I have no more time, so I shall not study German. )
b) If she were not so busy, she would attend the meeting this afternoon.(fact:she is very busy, so she will not attend the meeting this afternoon.)
c) If they didn’t take physical exercises every day, they wouldn’t be so healthy.(fact: they take physical exercises every day, so they are very healthy.)
a) 表示与过去誓死相反的情况
d) ①形式；
条件从句的动词形式 主句的动词形式
If I (we,you,he,she,it,they)+had+过去分词 I (we) shouldYou (he,she , +have+过去分词或：they,it ) would 所有人称+could(might)+have+过去分词
325. ②用法：
a) I would have checked my paper again if I had had more time at yesterday’s examination.(fact:I had no more time at yesterday’s exam, so I didn’t check my paper again)
b) You would have already recovered from his illness if he had seen the doctor in good time.(fact: He didn’t see the doctor in good time ,so he hasn’t recovered from his illness )
a) 表示与将来事实相反的情况
326. ①形式：
条件从句的动词形式 主句的动词形式
If I (we,you,he,she,it,they)+行为动词的过去式（be的过去式一般用were）通常要与一个表将来的时间的状语连用If (we,you,he,she,it,they)+should+动词原形c. If I (we,you,he,she,it,they)+were to+动词原形 I (we) shouldYou would +动词原形或：he(she,it ) would they wouldI (we,you,he,she,it,they)+could(might)+动词原形
327. ②用法：
a) If it rains tomorrow, our picnic will be put off.(The weather has been changeable these days.)
b) If it rained tomorrow, our picnic would be put off.( The weather has beenvery good these days.)
c) If it should rain tomorrow, our picnic would be put off.(That would be out of our expectation.)
d) If it were to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be put off. (条件从句谓语动词用were to +动词原形，表示 下雨的可能性极小。Were to rain和should rain 都表示“出乎意料之外”，但were to加强表示“当初没想到以后的事”)
328. 混合时间条件句的用法：
i. 有时条件从句的动作和主句动作发生的 时间不一致。这时动词的形式，应根据它所要表达的具体时间来决定用什么形式。
a) If she hadn’t trained so hard, she wouldn’t be run so fast.（从句叙述过去，主句叙述现在。）
i. （fact: she has trained very hard, so she would able to run fast.）
ii. You would speak English well enough if you had practised reading and speaking it every day.(主句叙述现在，从句叙述过去)
iii. （fact: You didn’t practice (hasn’t practiced ) reading and speaking it every day, so you can’t speak English well enough.）
iv. 在其他状语从句中的用法
b) 主要用于由as if (as though) 引导的比较状语从句，从句中谓语动词一般用“动词的过去式（be 变were ）或had +过去分词。”
i. 如：
ii. She looked as if she were ill.(实际上她没有病，在这里用虚拟语气补语比喻她精神不佳)
iii. Xiao Liu speaks English so well as if he had studied in England.(这里用虚拟语气表现他的 英语说得好)
iv. （2）、在主语从句中的用法：
v. 通常由形式主语it引出的主语从句来表达。主语从句中，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”；表示“必要”“重要”“奇怪”等意思。
vi. It is necessary that you should clean the workshop after work.下班后你必须清扫车间。
vii. It is important that we should ask advice of other people about our work.在工作中，征求别人的意见是很重要的。
329. 在宾语从句中的用法（详见《高一上学期英语语法重难点集汇》）
1.
Unit 1 Phrases
1.练习描写人 practise describing people
2.有所作为 make a difference
3.来自 be from
4.因…而闻名 be known for
5.使一位科学家成功
make a scientist successful
6.想象远比知识更重要
Imagination is more important than knowledge
7.生活中没什么可惧怕的，只有去理解Nothing in life is to be feared, it is only to be understood.
8.天才是1%的灵感+99%的汗水
Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.
9.分析明显存在的事物需要非凡的头脑
It takes a very unusual mind to undertake analysis of the obvious
10.你不能教会一个人一切，你只能帮助他亲自去发现 You can’t teach a man anything; you can only help him find it within himself.
11.惊人之举 be on fire for
12.与…相似 be similar to
13.三位伟大的思想家 three great minds
14.有共同之处 have … in common
15.毫无疑问 there is no doubt that…
16.一位有前途的研究生
a promising graduate student
17.绝症 an incurable disease
18. 不多于… not… more than
19.放弃对未来的梦想
give up our dreams and hopes for the future.
20.取得博士学位
much point in working on my PhD
21.活那么久 survive that long
22.与…订婚 get/ be engaged to sb
23.为了做… in order to do
24.继续他的研究工作
go on with his research
25.阻止某人做 stop sb from doing
26.梦想 dream of
27.继续探索宇宙
continue his exploration of the universe
28.环游世界去做报告
travel around the world to give lectures/
29.二十世纪七十年代初 in the early 1970s
30.宇宙大爆炸和黑洞
the Big Bang and Black Holes.
31.寻求问题的答案seek answers to questions
32.成为畅销书 become a best-seller
33.惊喜地发现
be pleased and surprised to find
34.以某种方式 in a way
35.结果是错误的 turn out to be wrong
36.科学方法 the scientific method
37.能够预测未来事can predict future events
38.发现很难理解他
find it difficult to understand him
39.听起来像人的声sound like a human voice
40.是…样子 what was … like
41.用完 use up
42.五岁的儿子 a 5-year-old son
43.代替 instead of
44.重力原理 the Law of Gravity
45.环境污染 environmental pollution
46.在接下来的十年里 in the next ten years
47.采取措施解决问题
take measures to solve the problem
48.每76年 every 76 years
49.犯罪现场 the crime scene
50.理应做… be supposed to do
51.用来书写的笔 a pen to write with
52.对…感到满足 be satisfied with
53.就近看 take a closer look at
54.倘使… what if
55.知识就是力量 Knowledge is Power
56.从一季到另一季
from season to season
57.嘲笑 laugh at
58.相反地 the other way around
59.作为…而闻名 be known as
60.达到我们的目标 reach our goals
Unit 2 Phrases
1.以上新闻媒体the news media above
2.不同于 be different from
3.发生在某人身上 sth happen to sb
4.报纸的编辑 the editor of a newspaper
5.把登在报上 put in the newspaper
6.烧倒 burn down
7.搬进新居 move into new buildings
8.发明新汽车引擎 invite a new car engine
9.中国以2：1打败巴西
China beat Brazil 2-1 in football
10.上涨 go up
11.有经验的编辑和记者
experienced editors and reporters
12.根据所了解的情况作出决定
make informed decisions about
13.理解某事 relate to sth
14.同意做 agree to do
15.变换角色 switch roles
16.至少这一次 for once
17.专题报道 a feature story
18.开发情节 develop the story
19.保持报纸平衡
keep the newspaper balanced
20.联系要采访的人
contact the people to be interviewed
21. 使人们谈论 get people to talk about
22.条分理析地呈现材料
present the material in an organized way
23.确保 make sure
24.被盗的文物 stolen cultural relics
25.带回 bring back
26.这一领域的国际专家
international experts in the field
27.适应新生活 adapt to her new life
28.用真实的感情去写
write with real passion
29.探索生活中的秘密
explore the mysteries in life
30.精神满足的重要性
the importance of spiritual fulfillment
31.沉溺于吸毒 be addicted to drugs
32.解决社会难题
solve difficult social problems
33.遭受 suffer from
34.不应忽视所发生的一切
shouldn’t ignore what happens
35.关注这一境况
draw attention to situations
36.需要帮助的地方 where help is needed
37.方方面面 on all sides
38.批判性的读者 be a critical reader
39.时事 current affairs
40.评论热门话题
comment on a “hot topic”
41.被选为总统 be elected president
42.做某事无困难
have no problems doing sth
43.对…粗鲁 be rude to
44.收集信息 collect information on
45.吸毒的人们 people addicted to drugs
46.十分之九的妇女
nine out of ten women
47.位于市中心
be located in the center of the town
48.退休工人 retired workers
49.敬重某人 look up to sb
50.爱上… fall in love with
51.改变他们对足球的态度
change their attitude towards soccer
52.警察局 the police station
53.发表意见 make their voices heard
54.提出积极的建议
leave a positive message
55.一群挥舞棍棒的打手
a group of angry men armed with sticks
56.赚钱 make money
57.一直在改变 change all the way
58.不是所有的网站都更新
not all websites ar高考综合复习
Book 1 Unit 1---3
重点词汇与短语：
1. hunt for 搜索, 追寻
2. care about 担心, 关心
3. such as 例如
4. drop sb. a line 给某人写信
5. be fond of 喜欢
6. in order to 为了
7. all the time 一直
8. argue with sb. about sth. 同某人争论某事
9. all alone 独自
10. develop a friendship with sb. 和某人建立友谊
11. even though 即使, 尽管
12. treat …as 把…当作
13. surf the Internet 上网冲浪
14. on a flight 在飞行中
15. too much太多
16. should have done 本应当做某事
17. be into sth./ doing sth. 喜欢
18. be quick in/ at 在某方面敏捷
19. make oneself at home 别客气
20. in total 总共
21. except for 除了…之外
22. stay up 熬夜
e about 发生
24. end up with以…告终
25. bring in 引进，引来
26. a great many 许多
27. all the way 一路上，从头至尾
municate with 与…交流
29. have a good knowledge of 了解，掌握
30. with 复合结构
31. compare… with… 把…和…进行比较
32. share happiness and sorrow 同甘共苦
33. It be + 被强调部分 + that/ who + 其他成分
34. stay the same 保持不变
35. more or less 或多或少
36. consider doing/sb. to do/ sb,. (to be)
37. get away from 逃离
38. watch out 注意，当心
39. instead of 代替
40. go off 离开
41. protect from 保护，保卫
42. for fun 好玩
知识点归纳：
1．argue (vi.﹠vt.): express an opposite opinion；exchange angry words；quarrel 争论，争辩
常用于以下句型：
argue with sb. about/ over sth 同某人争论某事
argue that…用辩论证明
argue sb. to be 表明，证明
argue for/ against 为/为反对 …而辩论
例句：
⑴The couple next door are always arguing.
隔壁的夫妇总是争吵
⑵We argued with each other about the justice of the war.
我们就这场战争是否正当展开了争论
⑶Mr.Smith argued that he should be paid more.
史密斯先生据理力争他应得到更多的工薪
⑷The way he spends money argues him to be rich.
他花钱的方式说明他很富有
⑸His accent argues him to be a southerner.
他的口音表明他是个南方人
⑹He argues that the experiment could be done in another way.
他论证说这项实验可以换一种方法进行
⑺The workers argued for the right to strike.
工人们为争取罢工的权利而辩论
* argument (n.) 争论，论据，论点
⑴They got into quite a heated argument.
他们的争论达到了白热化。
⑵We couldn’t follow his argument.
我们不理解他的论点。
2．too much 具有形容词、副词和代词的功能，在句中可作定语、表语、状语、主语或宾语，表示“太多（的）、过分（的）、好极（的）”意思
⑴But too much snow can cause trouble.
但是雪太大可能引起麻烦(too much为形容词，作定语)
⑵She is afraid the trip will be too much for me.
她认为这次旅行对我来说强人所难(too much为形容词，作表语)
⑶She does not talk too much.
她谈得不太多（too much为副词，作状语）
⑷Too much has been said about it.
关于这事讲得太多了(too much为代词，作主语)
辨析：much too “太…”，中心词是副词too，用来修饰形容词和副词，在句中作状语
⑴These shoes are much too narrow for me.
这双鞋我穿实在太窄了
⑵You are much too thin to play the part of Falstaff.
你太瘦了，不能演福尔塔夫这个角色
高考题例：
Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _____ to carry all the way home.(NMET2003)
A. much too heavy
B. too much heavy
C. heavy too much
D. too heavy much
分析：
heavy为形容词，故应用much too修饰
答案：A
3. in order to do sth.
so as to do sth
to do sth
它们都可作目的状语，其区别如下：
* 这三种不定式作目的状语，在意义上并无多大差别，相比而言，to do 比较普遍，后两种在语气上稍重些，而so as to do 比较口语化，in order to do则比较正式
* 为了加强语势，突出目的，可将to do 或in order to do放在句首。
注：so as to do 不能放在全句的前面，它只能后置
⑴China is paying more and more attention to education in order to/so as to/to catch up with advanced countries in science and technology.
中国对教育越来越重视，为的是科技上赶上发达国家
⑵In order to find the book, he searched the whole house.
为了找到那本书,他翻遍了整个房子
⑶To hear better, we’ll sit in the front row.
为了听得更清楚,我们要坐在前排
* to do, in order to do 和so as to do 三种不定式作目的状语时, 一般句子的主语就是不定式的逻辑主语, 但如果不定式的逻辑主语不是句子的主语,常用for引出:
eg.
I stopped aside for her to get in.
我停下来向旁边靠了靠,让她进来
* 不定式作目的状语表达否定的目的时,一般采用so as not to或in order not to 这两种句式。如：
⑴We took a taxi so as not to be late.
我们是搭出租车去的，以免迟到
⑵He worked slowly in order not to make any mistake.
他工作干的很慢，目的是不出错
⑶I got up early so as not to miss the first train.
我大清早起床，目的是不误第一班火车
4. treat vt. 对待，治疗，款待
常用于以下句型：
treat…as… 把…看作
treat sb. to sth. 用…款待某人
treat sb. for… 给某人治…病
eg.
⑴Don’t treat me as a child.
不要把我当成小孩看待
⑵Why do you treat the matter as a joke
你为什么把这件事当作儿戏
⑶Peter treated me to an ice-cream.
彼得请我吃了冰激凌
⑷The doctors and the nurses risked their lives treating the patient for SARS.
医生和护士冒着生命危险为患者治疗非典
* 以下句型也常用来表示“把…当作”：
look on/ upon …as…
have…as…
think of…as/ to be…
consider …as/ to be…
regard… as…
eg.
⑴They look on others’ difficulties as their own.
他们把别人的困难当成自己的困难
⑵She thinks of the monitor as the cleverest student in the class.
她认为班长是班上最聪明的学生
⑶He always has her as his real mother.
他一直把她当作自己的母亲
⑷Abraham Lincoln is considered as one of the greatest American President.
亚伯拉罕林肯被认为是美国最伟大的总统之一
⑸All the patients regard him as a good doctor.
所有的病人都认为他是一名出色的医生
高考题例：
More patients___ in hospital this year than last year.(2004江苏高考)
A. treated
B. have treated
C. had been treated
D. have been treated
分析：
根据句意, “treat”的意思是 “治疗”,而且是发生在今年,故用现在完成时态的被动式
答案: D
5. share vt. ﹠ vi. 分享,共用,等分
share (in) sth. with sb.
⑴The children shared the cake equally.
孩子们平分了蛋糕
⑵Ten teachers shared the office.
十名教师合用这间办公室
⑶They would share their joys and sorrows.
他们愿意同甘共苦
⑷Will you share your umbrella with me
你能让我和你共用雨伞吗
⑸I’ll share in the cost with you.
我愿意和你分担费用
* share n. 份额,股份,一份
⑴If you want a share of the pay, you’ll have do your share of the work.
如果你想要一份报酬,就必须做一份工作
⑵The company was formed with 1,000 shares.
这家公司组成时有1000股
⑶Here is your share of the cake.
这是你的一份蛋糕
高考题例：
Let Harry play with your toys as well, Clare----you must learn to _____.(NMET2000)
A. support
B. care
C. spare
D. share
分析：
“as well”是“也”的意思，据题意，是让 “Clare”和“Harry”两个人一起玩玩具，“share”有分享、共用的意思。
答案： D
6. So +be/助动词/情态动词 +主语 “…也如此”（用于肯定句）
Neither/Nor + be/助动词/情态动词 +主语 “ …也不” （用于否定句）
⑴I’m a teacher, and so is my husband.
我是个教师，我丈夫也是
⑵He has finished his homework, and so have I.
他完成了作业，我也完成。
⑶If you go to school early tomorrow, so shall I.
如果明天你早上学，我也早去
* so/neither/nor引导的此类倒装句，放在主语前面的助动词、情态动词或系动词be应与前一句保持一致（人称和数上作适当调整）。如：例⑴am---is；例⑵has---have；例⑶前一部分为if引导的条件句，用一般现在时表示将来，故主句使用表示将来的will/ shall。
*如果前一部分内容中没有出现助动词、情态动词或be，则应借助于助动词do/does/did。如：
①You love music, and so do I.
你热爱音乐，我也一样
②…He seldom drinks tea. 他很少喝茶
…Nor does she. 她也是
* 句子中如果用否定的派生词，后句使用so。如：
①…I dislike coffee.我不喜欢咖啡
…So does she. 她也不喜欢
②…She is unmarried.她是独身
…So am I. 我也是独身
* 如果表示前面两件或两件以上的事也适合于另一人或物时，则需要用So it is/was with…或It is/was the same with…，如：
①Mary was born in Australia and she lived in the United States. So it was with Jane.
玛丽在澳大利亚出生，在美国居住。简也是。
②…I like English but I can’t study well.我喜欢英语但学不好。
…So it is with my brother. 我弟弟也是。
（以上两例皆可用It is/was the same with…结构
* 如果下文表示的是对上文的赞成或肯定，则仅需要把so 放于句首，其后用正常语序。如：
①…She has done a good job. 她干得不错
…Yes, so she has. 是的，的确不错
②…He came to school late yesterday.他昨天上学迟到了。
…So he did. 他的确迟到了
③…It is very hot today. 今天天气真热
…So it is. 是啊，的确很热
高考题例：
…David has made great progress recently.
…_______, and ______. （1997上海高考）
A. So he has，so you have
B. So he has，so have you
C. So has he，so have you
D. So has he，so you have
分析：
此题前一空考查的是对上文的肯定；第二个空考查同样的情况也适合你。
答案：B
7. survive v. 继续生存或存在；比…长命；经历（某事）；幸存
⑴Of the four people in the car accident, only one survived.
在车祸中的四个人中，只有一个人幸存
⑵Many customs have survived from earlier times.
许多风俗习惯源源流长
⑶Life is hard at the moment, but we’re surviving.
目前生活艰难，但我们正在挣扎求生
⑷The old lady has survived her husband.
那老妇人的丈夫先她而去世了
⑸He felt lucky to have survived the war.
经历那场战争后能幸存下来他感到很幸运
* survivor 为名词，意为“幸存者”
如：
The film Titanic is based on an experience of a survivor.
电影《泰坦尼克号》是根据一个幸存者的经历而摄制的
高考题例：
In such dry weather the flowers will have to be watered if they _____. （2001上海高考）
A. have survived
B. are to survive
C. would survive
D. will survive
分析：
be to do表示将来注定要发生。在条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来，故C、D都不能选。
8. lie vi.
lie lay lain lying 平躺，位于
lie lied lied lying 撒谎
lay laid laid laying 产下，放置
⑴The corpse lay face down in a pool of blood.
尸体俯卧在血泊中。
⑵The letter lay open on his desk.
那信摊开在他的书桌上
⑶The hen laid two eggs.
母鸡产下两个鸡蛋
⑷Korea lies to the east of China.
朝鲜位于中国的东部
⑸I laid the book on the chair.
我把书放在椅子上
⑹There is a dog lying at his master’s feet.
主人的脚旁边卧着条狗
⑺She lied to me two days ago.
两天前，她向我撒了谎
* 习语：lie to sb.向某人撒谎
lie in one’s teeth/ throat 睁着眼睛说瞎话，扯弥天大谎
lie one’s way into/ out of sth 撒谎以求一逞或摆脱困境
9. It be + 被强调部分 + that/ who + 其他成分
强调句型可以强调一个句子的主语、宾语、表语及状语等成分。如果被强调的成分是表示人的词，可以用that或who(whom)连接其他成分；被强调的成分是表示人以外的词，例如表示事物、时间或地点的词，用that连接其他成分。例如我们可以用强调句型强调下列句子的主语（如⑴）、宾语（如⑵）、地点状语（如⑶）及时间状语（如⑷）
I met Peter in Japan last year.
⑴ It was I who/that met Peter in Japan last year.
⑵ It was Peter whom/that I met in Japan last year.
⑶ It was in Japan that I met Peter last year.
⑷ It was last year that I met Peter in Japan.
* not …until 也可用于强调句型
例１
Mr. Brown didn’t come back until eleven o’clock.
可变为：It was not until eleven o’clock that Mr. Brown came back.
例2
The rain didn’t stop until midnight.
可变为：It was not until midnight that the rain stopped.
* not …until 也可变为特殊疑问句
例１
It was in 1949 that the PRC was founded.
可变为：When was it that the PRC was founded
例2
Your dad worked in this factory two years ago.
可变为：Where was it that your dad worked two years ago
10. have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难
其中的(in) doing sth.不可改为to do sth.；其中的difficulty 是不可数名词, 前面可以用some/ no/ little/ much等词修饰. Eg.
⑴We had no difficulty in finding the hospital.
我们毫不费劲地找到了这所医院.
⑵Did you have any difficulty in carrying the plan
你们执行计划有苦难吗
⑶She has little difficulty in learning maths.
她学习数学几乎没什么困难
⑷I had much difficulty in talking with the foreigner.
我用英语同老外交谈很费劲
还可用下列句型表达 “做某事有困难”：
have trouble (in) doing sth.
There be difficulty in doing sth.
do sth. with/ without difficulty
⑴There is some difficulty in teaching pupils Japanese.
教小学生日语有困难
⑵He had a little difficulty in solving the problem.
解决这个问题，他有一点困难
⑶Tom climbed the tree without difficulty.
汤姆毫不费劲地爬上了树
注：
当difficulty指笼统概念时，即“困难、费力”为不可数名词（如以上例句），当它指具体的“难事、困难”时用作可数名词。如：
We’ll meet with all kinds of difficulties.
我们会遇到各种困难
11. bring in: introduce, harvest, get money or income引进，收获
⑴Country music has become big business. It brings in 300 million dollars a year.
乡村音乐发展成为一项商业，每年盈利3亿美元。
⑵They have brought in experts to advise on the project.
他们已请来专家当这项工程的顾问
⑶Farmers in the south have brought in good crops this year.
南方的农民今年收获了庄稼
⑷Don’t bring him in. He’ll do nothing to help.
别把他扯进来，他帮不上什么忙
⑸They brought in some words from their own languages.
他们把自己语言中的一些词语带了进来
其他相关短语：
bring sth. about使（某事）发生
bring sth. down 降低或减少…，使…（从空中）落下
bring sth. up 培养、养育某人，呕吐
bring …and …together 促使(争执双方)和解
bring out生产出,出版
⑴The Liberals wish to bring about changes in the electoral system..
自用党人想要改变选举制度
⑵The prices have been brought.
价格已经下降了
⑶Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt.
她小时侯父母就去世了,是由她姑姑养大的
⑷An enemy fighter was brought down.
一架敌机被击落了
⑸The loss of their son brought the parents together.
双方因失去儿子而言归于好
⑹He brought out his lunch just now.
他刚刚把吃进去的午饭吐出来了
⑺New personal computers are brought out almost daily.
几乎每天都有个人计算机推出
12. except:
表示同类别事物中除去若干,常与no,all,none,nothing,everything等包含全部的词连用, 位于句首时不用except,常用except for; 它后面可接介词短语、副词、不定式以及that, when, where等引导的从句(except for不能这样用)
except for:
指不同类别的事情或性质不同的事情,或表示某人/物 在总体上是好的,只是其中的某个细节或某个环节不尽人意
eg.
⑴Except for Li Ming, they are all workers.
除了李明之外,他们都是工人
⑵Everybody except John was able to answer the question.
除了约翰之外,每个人都回答出了问题
⑶The room is empty except for a broken chair. (前后的名词不同类)
这个房间空空的,只不过有把破椅子
⑷I know nothing about him except that he is from Japan.
我对他一无所知,只是知道他来自日本
⑸She goes to school by bike except when it rains.
她骑自行车去上学,除了下雨时不骑
⑹He could do nothing except walk home.(except前若有实义动词do,则后面接不带to的不定式)
他只好走着回家了
=He had no choice but to walk home.( except前若没有实义动词do,则后面接带to的不定式)
高考题例:
I know nothing about the young lady ________ she is from Beijing. (2000上海高考)
A. except
B. except for
C. except that
D.besides
分析：
except for与except that同义，但except for后不能接句子，后句“she is from Beijing”是一个完整的陈述句，故用except that连接，that不作成分。
答案：C
*besides: (prep.) “除…之外还有”，常与also, else, other等词连用。如：
⑴Besides tennis, he also plays basketball and football.
除了网球之外，他还打篮球和踢足球。
⑵I have three other dictionaries besides this one.
除了这本词典，我还有三本别的词典。
*besides: (adv.) 此外，而且
⑴I haven’t time to see the film-----besides, it’s had dreadful reviews.
我没有时间去看这部影片，再说，影评也诸多贬斥。
⑵I am too busy to go for a walk; besides, it is late.
我太忙不去散步了，而且时候已晚了。
13. with的复合结构 ：常在句中作状语，表示伴随动作、行为方式及原因、条件或结果等情况。
with + 宾语 +prep./adj./ adv./ doing/ to do(表示要执行的动作)/done（表示动作的完成及被动）
⑴She often sleeps with the window open. (adj.)
她经常开着窗户睡觉。
⑵He came in with a book in his hand. (prep.)
他手里拿着本书进来了
⑶She felt scared with so many people looking at her. （doing）
这么多人看着她，她感到害怕。
⑷He was brought in with his hands tied back.. (done)
他双手绑在身后被带了进来
⑸With everything bought, he left the market. (done)
买完了所需要的东西之后，他离开了市场
⑹The king came in, with all his servants following him. (doing)
国王进来了，身后跟着所有的仆人。
⑺With nothing to do, he went out for a walk .
由于没有什么事情可做，他便到外面散步
⑻He left his room with the light on. (adv.)
他离开了房间，灯亮着
高考题例1：
With a lot of difficult problems _____, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.(2002上海高考)
A. settled
B. settling
C. to settle
D. being settled
分析：
因后句的进行时表示将来，“新当选的总统将要度过一段艰难的时光”，故用“with＋宾语＋不定式”表示将来要执行的动作。
答案：C
高考题例2：
_____two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.(2004北京高考)
A. With
B. Besides
C. As for
D. Because of
分析：
根据句意，此处应采用“with +宾语+不定式”
答案：A
14. a great / good many
修饰可数名词，它的后面不能接of短语，但当名词前有the, these, those, my, 等词时，需加上介词of
⑴A great many students like the movie.
好多学生喜欢这部电影
⑵We have read a good many books.
我们读过许多书籍
⑶He has read a great many of the novels in this library.
他已读了图书馆中的许多书
⑷A good many of his books were bought from this bookstore.
他的许多书是从这个书店里买的
其他表示“许多”的短语：
many a +单数名词
a (large/great) number of + 复数名词
plenty of +不可数名词／复数名词
quite a few + 复数名词
a great deal of +不可数名词
a large amount of +不可数名词
⑴Many a strong man has weakened before such a challenge.
很多坚强的人面对这种困难都动摇了
⑵A number of people have read this magazine.
好多人看过这本杂志
⑶There were quite a few copies sold on the first day.
第一天就卖了好多本
⑷She spent a great deal of money on clothes.
她花了许多钱买衣服
⑸They have a large amount of work to do.
他们有大量的工作要做
⑹There’s plenty of rain in my hometown.
我的家乡雨水大
⑺There are plenty of eggs in the basket.
篮子里有许多鸡蛋
15. have a good knowledge of …了解，懂得，掌握
have no knowledge of…不知道，不了解
to one’s knowledge 据…所知
without the knowledge of在…不知道的情况下
come to sb’s knowledge 被某人知悉
⑴I have a good knowledge of Chinese history.
我通晓中国历史
⑵A baby has no knowledge of good and evil.
婴儿不知善恶
⑶He sold the car without his wife’s knowledge.
他瞒着妻子把汽车卖了
⑷To my knowledge, she has never been late before.
据我所知，她从来没迟到过
⑸It has come to our knowledge that you have been cheating the company.
据我们了解你一直欺骗公司
高考题例：
One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain ____ good knowledge of basic word formation. （2002上海高考）
A. /
B. the
C. a
D. one
分析：
knowledge为不可数名词，但若有形容词修饰，则加不定冠词a
答案：C
16. consider
①考虑 consider sth./ doing
He is considering going abroad.
他正考虑出国。
I’m considering changing my job.
我在考虑换工作。
I will consider your offer and tell you my decision tomorrow.
对你的提议我要考虑一下，明天告诉你我的决定。
②想，认为
+ 宾语+（to be）+ adj./ n.
consider + 宾语+ as + n./adj.
+ that 从句
I consider it a great honor.
我认为这是件很荣幸的事情。
We consider money (to be) important.
我们认为金钱是重要的。
We all consider him loyal to his friends.
我们都认为他对朋友忠诚。
We consider it important to learn a foreign language.
我们认为再学一门外语非常重要。
Lincoln was considered one of the greatest presidents in American history.
林肯被认为是美国历史上最伟大的总统之一。
We all consider that you did a good deed.
我们都认为你做了件好事。
I don’t consider that it will turn out fine this afternoon.
我认为下午不会天晴。
③consideration n. 考虑
considering prep. 考虑到，鉴于
considerable adj. 相当大的
The question is worthy of consideration.
这个问题值得考虑。
She is very active, considering her age.
考虑到她的年龄，她很活跃了。
A considerable number of people object to the policy of the government.
相当多的人反对政府这一政策。
④take sth. into consideration 对某事加以考虑
under consideration 在考虑中
out of consideration 未加考虑
When marking Tom’s exam papers, the teacher took his long illness into consideration.
批改汤姆的试卷时，老师考虑到了他长时间的生病。
There is one important fact that has been out of consideration.
有一重要事实未考虑到。
高考链接
Charles Babbage is generally considered ______ the first computer. (NMET 1993)
A. to invent
B. inventing
C. to have invented
D. having invented
答案：Ｃ
分析：
该句为 consider sb. to do 的被动结构，即 be considered to do, 同时要注意不定式的时态。因为“发明电脑”发生在“认为”之前，故不定式用完成时。
17. means n.
a)手段，方法 （单复数同形）
a means of transport/ communication
运输工具／通讯工具
The quickest means of travel is by air.
最快捷的旅行方式是乘飞机。
All possible means have been tried.
一切可能的办法都已经被尝试过了。
b)by means of 用，依靠
by all means 一定，务必，当然
by no means 决不，并未
She could not speak, but made her wishes known by means of signs.
她不会说话，但手势表达了她的愿望。
He succeeded by means of perseverance.
他靠毅力获得了成功。
By all means I must visit my sick friend.
我一定得去探望我生病的朋友。
I can by no means pretend to be pleased with this behavior.
我决不能假装对这种行为表示满意。
---May I stay at home from school 我可以呆在家里不去上学吗？
---By no means. 绝对不行。
c)辨析：means, method, way
三个词均表示“方法”，means指为达到一个目的或产生某种结果而采用的方法、手段，way是最普通常用的词，method 强调解决某个问题的办法，三个词与介词搭配一般为：by the means/ in the way/ with the method
18. experience
a)c.n. 经历，阅历
How many interesting experiences do you have
你有多少有趣的经历？
Our travel by camel was an unforgettable experience.
我们骑骆驼的旅行是一次难忘的经历。
b)u.n. 经验，体验
She has so much experience of teaching.
她有丰富的教学经验。
I know from experience that he will be late.
就我的经验判断他会来晚的。
c)v. 经历，感觉，感受，体验
Have you experienced an earthquake
你有没有体验过地震？
For the first time, we experienced defeat.
我们第一次遭遇失败。
d)experienced adj. 有经验的，熟练的
He is experienced in hunting.
他打猎很有经验。
The factory is in need of experienced workers.
这个工厂需要熟练工人。
19. protect
a)v. 保卫，保护
We’re having good holidays while soldiers are protecting our country.
我们在幸福地享受假期，而士兵们却在保卫祖国。
There’re fewer animals. It’s important for us to protect them.
动物们越来越少，对于我们来说保护他们很重要。
b)protect---from/against--- 保护---使不受，防御
He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.
他戴着太阳镜以遮挡强烈的阳光。
He raised his arm to protect his face from the blow.
他举起手臂挡住脸躲过了这一击。
Villagers planted lots of trees to protect soil from being washed away.
村民们种了许多树防止水土流失。
c)protection n. 保护，防御
under the protection of
在---的保护下
The hat will give protection against the sun.
这顶帽子可遮阳。
The chicks are under the protection of the hen.
小鸡们在母鸡的保护下。
20. separate
a)v. 分隔，分离 （常与from连用）
You’d better separate the bad apples from the good ones.
你最好把坏苹果同好苹果分开。
Many families got separated during the war.
战争期间，很多家庭妻离子散。
At this point, the satellite separates from its launcher.
此时，卫星就脱离发射器。
It’s the children who suffer when their parents separate.
父母分居时受罪的是孩子。
b)adj. 分开的，独立的，不同的
David and I have been separated for six months and we have been sleeping in separate bedrooms. 我和大卫分居６个月了，我们一直睡在各自的卧室里。
He tries to keep his professional life separate from his private life.
他尽量把他的职场生活和私人生活完全分开。
c)separate, divide separate着重指把原来结合在一起的、混合在一起的事物或人分开或隔离，divide着重指将整体分成若干部分。
The whole class was divided into five groups.
全班分成了５组。
England is separated from France by the Channel.
英法两国由英吉利海峡隔开。
21. watch out
a)当心，注意，常与for连用
watch out for sb./ sth. (to do)
You can’t learn English well without watching out for idiomatic ways of saying things. 如果不注意讲话中的习惯表达方式，你就学不好英语。
Watch out for a chance to improve your position in the company；they don’t come very often. 要注意抓住提高你在公司地位的机会，这种机会并不多。
I’m always watching out for mistakes that I may have missed before.
我总是警惕过去可能没有注意到的错误。
b)Watch it! = Watch out!
watch over 照看，看守
Watch it! You nearly knocked into the car.
当心，你差点撞到那辆车上。
22. 现在进行时的特殊用法
a)现在进行时可表示将来安排好的活动或事件,常见的动词有arrive, come, go, leave, return, stay, travel, play等，并常与表将来的时间状语连用。
We’re spending next winter in Australia.
我们将在澳大利亚度过明年冬天。
How many of you are making the trip
你们中有多少人去旅行？
We’re having a party in our house tonight.
今晚我们在家里开茶话会。
b)现在进行时与副词always, often, constantly, forever, continually等连用，表示说话人一种强烈的情感。
He is always helping people.
他总是帮助别人。（赞扬）
She is always borrowing money and forgetting to pay you back.
她总是向人借钱而忘记还人家。（不满）
高考链接
I’ve won a holiday for two to Florida. I _____ my mum. (2002北京)
A. am taking
B. have taken
C. take
D. will have taken
答案：A
分析：
此处运用现在进行时表示按计划要发生的动作。
Book 1 Unit 4---6
重点词汇与短语：
1.take place 发生
2.so---that 如此---以致于
3.sweep sb. down 冲倒
4.pull up 拽起，停车
5.hold on to 抓住，握住
6.get on one’s feet 站起来
7.go on a holiday 度假
8.far away from 远离
9.on fire 着火
10.such as 例如
11.travel agent 旅行社
12.be caught in 遭遇到
13.think twice 三思
14.think highly of 对---评价很高
15.stare at 盯着
16.leave out 遗漏
17.take off 脱下，起飞
18.go wrong 出问题
19.in all 总之
20.on the air 广播
21.make jokes about 开---的玩笑
22.play a role 扮演角色
23.make money 挣钱
24.owe success to sb. 把成功归功于某人
25.start with 以---开始
26.a thank-you letter 一封感谢信
27.introduce---to--- 将---介绍给---
28.make a good impression 留下好印象
29.the custom of toasting 敬酒的习俗
30.apologize to sb. for sth. 因为某事向某人道歉
交际用语:
1.Well done! 做得好！
2.You can do it! 你能行！
3.Come on! 快点！
4.It scares me. 这让我害怕。
5.Keep trying! 再试试！
6.How do you like/find--- 你认为---怎么样？
7.What do you think of--- 你认为---怎么样？
8.Excuse me. 对不起。
9.Forgive me. 请原谅。
10.I’m (very/so/terribly) sorry. 十分抱歉。
11.I’m sorry. I didn’t mean to---. 对不起，我不是有意---。
12.That’s all right./ That’s OK./ No problem. 没关系。
知识点归纳:
1.advance
(1) v. 前进,推进,促进,提升
Napoleon’s army advanced towards Moscow. 那破仑的军队向莫斯科挺进了。
Two months has passed and the project has advanced.
两个月过去了，这项工程已有进展。
(2) n. 前进，进展
The commander ordered to halt the enemy’s advance. 司令下令阻止敌军前进。
He’s always paying attention to the advances in medical science.
他时刻注意着医学上的进步。
（3）in advance 预先，在---之前
I was given a month’s salary in advance. 我提前发了一个月的工资。
（4）advanced adj. 高级的，先进的
Einstein learned advanced mathematics all by himself at 13.
爱因斯坦13岁就能自学高等数学了。
Few scientists could understand his advanced theory at that time.
那时没几个科学家能理解他高深的理论。
2.seize vt.
(1) 抓住，捉住
The thief was seized by the police. 那个小偷被警察抓住了。
He seized me by the arm. 他抓住了我的胳膊。
(2) 抓住（时机）
If you get the opportunity to work abroad, you should seize it with both hands.
如果你有出国工作的机会，切勿放过。
Seize the day, seize the hour!
只争朝夕！
（3）（思想、感情等）支配人的头脑
The man was seized with panic. 这个人惊慌失措。
Uncontrollable laughter seized us. 我们不由自主地大笑起来了。
3.strike vt. vi. (struck, struck/stricken)
(1) 打，击，砍，敲
strike a blow 击出一拳
strike a match 划火柴
I wouldn’t dream of striking a woman. 我做梦也不会打女人。
He was so angry that he struck the table with his fist. 他气得用拳头砸桌子。
(2) 打中，击中；撞，触礁
A snow ball struck/hit him on the back of the head. 一个雪球打中了他的后脑勺。
Then my shovel struck against something metallic.
然后我的铲子碰到了一件像金属的东西。
（3）（某种想法）忽然出现；使（某人）突然意识到
It strikes sb. that--- 忽然意识到
be struck by--- 深受感动
The funny side of the affair suddenly struck her. 她突然意识到了事情可笑的一面。
We were struck by the generosity of even the poorest citizens.
使我们深受感动的是，甚至最贫穷的市民也慷慨大方。
（4） 给某人某种印象
---How did it strike you 你觉得它如何？
---It struck me as strange at the time. 我当时觉得它很古怪。
（5）（钟）敲响
The church clock began to strike twelve. 教堂的钟开始敲12点。
(6) 突然袭击
When the snake strikes, its mouth opens wide.
蛇发起进攻时，嘴张得很大。
I fear an earthquake will strike this area again. 我担心地震会再次发生在这一地区。
(7) 罢工 （也可用做名词）
I’m sure the bus drivers will strike/ go on strike. 我确信公共汽车司机会罢工。
(8) strike, beat, hit, tap, knock
strike 常表示用力打或敲
hit 有“撞击，袭击”之意，比strike稍弱一些，指一次性的打击或击中
beat 指连续多次的打，也指有节奏的击打，还可表示打败
tap 指轻拍
knock 指敲打并伴有响声，还可表示打倒、撞翻
考题链接：
(1) It _____ her how quiet and gentle he was.
A. beat B. hit C. struck D. knock
(2) He sat quietly in the room, listening to the rain ____ against the window.
A. beating B. hitting C. striking D. knocking
答案 C A
分析 第一题表示“使某人忽然意识到”，用strike; 第二题表示连续敲打，用beat.
4.感官动词 see, hear, find, notice, watch + 宾语 + 宾补
(1) 感官动词 + 宾语 + doing, 表示宾补的动作正在发生。
We can see parrots flying along the river. 我们可以看到鹦鹉在沿着河边飞翔。
I can feel my heart beating fast. 我可以感觉到我的心跳得很快。
(2) 感官动词 + 宾语 + do, 表示宾补的动作已经完成。
I saw him cross the street. 我看见他过了马路。
I didn’t notice you enter. 我没注意你进来了。
(3) 感官动词 + 宾语 + done, 表示宾语和宾补之间是被动关系。
I found his hands tied to a tree. 我发现他的双手被绑在树上。
He saw the girl bitten by the dog. 他看到那个女孩被狗咬了。
5.fight
(1) vt. 和---作战
We are fighting pollution now. 我们正在和污染作斗争。
(2) vi.
fight against 为反对---而斗争
The slaves fought against the slavery. 奴隶们为推翻奴隶制度而战。
fight for 为（争取）---而斗争
He called on the slaves to fight for freedom. 他号召奴隶们为自由而战。
fight with 同---一起战斗，与---战斗
France fought with Germany in that war. 在那场战争中法国对德国作战。
fight over 因为---而争吵
The twin sisters always fight over toys. 这对双胞胎姐妹经常因为玩具而争吵。
(3) n. 战斗，搏斗
This film is about people’s fight for right. 这部电影反映了人民争取自己权利的斗争。
Our country has started a fight against corruption. 我国已经开始了一场反腐败斗争。
(4) fight, war, battle, struggle
fight 意为“战争”，指战争的动作。
They fought back in self-defence. 他们进行了自卫还击。
war 指全面战争，包含多次。
We experienced two world wars in the last century.
上个世纪我们经历了两次世界大战。
battle 战役，指大的、连续数小时数天的战争。
the battle of Waterloo 滑铁卢战役
struggle 指较长时间的激烈的争斗，常指肉体、精神上的战斗。
They had to struggle for their freedom. 他们不得不为自由而战。
The army struggled against Japanese Imperialist. 这部队与日本帝国主义作斗争。
6.take place, happen, break out
take place 多表示按计划或规定要发生的事情。
happen 常用词，有偶然发生之意。
break out 常指战争、火灾和疾病的爆发。
三个词组都为不及物动词，没有被动语态。
A fire broke out in his house last night. 昨晚他家里失火了。
He was in French when the Second World War broke out. 二战爆发时他在法国。
When did the traffic accident happen 交通事故是什么时候发生的？
Something strange has happened to the chemistry teacher. 化学老师出了点奇怪的事情。
When will the sports meet take place 运动会什么时候举行？
Great changes have taken place in his hometown since 1980.
从1980年以来他的家乡发生了巨变。
7.destroy vt. 破坏，毁灭，毁掉
The school was completely destroyed by fire. 学校被大火彻底烧毁了。
That accident destroyed her ballet career. 那次事故毁掉了她的芭蕾生涯。
destroy 表示彻底毁掉，也可用于抽象意义，可指人或物。
damage 通常指车辆、房屋、庄稼等无生命物体受到损伤或毁坏，但往往可以修复。可用作名词。
ruin 表示毁坏某种好的或有用的东西。
The chemical rain damages trees in the forests. 酸雨损害了森林中的树木。
The precious painting was ruined by spilt milk. 洒出来的牛奶毁坏了那幅珍贵的画。
The storm caused great damage to the crops. 这场风暴给庄稼造成了很大的损害。
8.award
(1) 可数名词，主要指“奖品，奖赏，奖金”，有时也指“报酬，工资”。
Meryl Streep won the best actress award. 梅丽尔斯特里普获最佳女演员奖。
The Olympic winner received a gold medal as an award. 奥运会冠军的奖品是一枚金牌。
The nurses’ pay award was not as much as they had expected.
护士的工资远没有她们预想的那么多。
(2) vt. 给予，授予，判给
Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize for his work in quantum physics.
爱因斯坦因在量子物理学方面的成就而被授予诺贝尔奖。
The university awarded her a scholarship. 那所大学给她发了奖学金。
(3) priz 主要用于表示“获得几等奖”或“获奖金额”，常说
win a prize for---
award sb. a prize
reward 可用做名词或动词，指“报答，报偿，奖赏”。
考题链接：
It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts lead to ____.
A. rewards B. prizes C. awards D. results
答案 A
分析 该句意思为“人们普遍认为小孩子学会做事是因为这些行为会带来奖赏/回报”。
9.owe vt.
(1) 欠（债）
If he has borrowed some money from her, and has not paid her back, he owes her the money.
如果他借了她的钱没归还，他就欠她钱。
How much do I owe you 我欠你多少钱？
We owe our parents a lot. 我们对父母感激不尽。
(2) owe sth. to sb. 感激，把---归功于---
He owes his success to our help. 他把成功归功于我们的帮助。
We owe a great deal to our parents and teachers. 我们深受父母及师长之恩。
I owe it to you that I am still alive. 我现在还活着，应该感激你。
(3) owing to 由于，因为
Owing to the rain they could not come. 因为下雨，他们不能来。
Owing to the drought, crops are short. 因为天旱，收成不好。
10.live adj. 活的，生动的，精力充沛的，实况转播的
It wasn’t a recorded show; it was live. 这不是录像，是实况转播。
They gave live broadcast while the performances were in process on the stage.
当演出在舞台上进行时他们进行了实况转播。
The concert will be broadcast live. 这次演唱会将进行实况转播。
That is a live fish. 那是一条活鱼。
The laboratory is conducting experiments with a dozen live monkeys.
该实验室在用十多只活猴子进行实验。
She is a live woman. 她是一位精力充沛的女人。
live 当“活的”讲时，只修饰动物，如a live mouse, a live snake
11.take off
(1) 脱掉，摘掉（反义词为put on）
I forgot to take off my make-up last night. 我昨天晚上忘了卸妆。
He took off his coat and went to sleep. 他脱下外衣睡觉了。
(2) (飞机)起飞，起跑
As the plane was taking off, I remembered I didn’t turn the iron off.
飞机起飞时，我才想起我没有切断熨斗的电源。
When we went to the airport, the plane had taken off. 我们到机场时，飞机已经起飞了。
(3) 休假，一般说take some time off
I’m taking Thursday off to do some Christmas shopping.
我周四要休假去买一些圣诞礼物。
(4) 开始成功，成名
I hear the business is really taking off. 我听说生意真的开始兴隆了。
Spielberg’s career really took off when he began to shoot his short films.
斯皮尔伯格开始从事短片拍摄时，他的事业真正腾飞了。
(5) take in 吸收，理解；收留
take back 使回忆起；追回
take over 接管，接任
take up 开始从事；占去（时间、空间）；拿起（武器）
高考链接：
(1)It is certain that he will ______ his business to his son when he gets old. (福建2004)
A. take over B. think over C. hand over D. go over
(2)Helen always helps her mother even though going to school ______ most of her day.
(广东2004)
A. takes up B. makes up C. saves up D. puts up
答案
(1) C hand sth. over to sb. “把---传给某人”
(2) A take up “占用时间”
12.
go wrong “变坏，变得糟糕，出错”，go 用做联系动词，表示状况由好变坏。
go bad 变坏，变腐烂
go hungry 挨饿
go mad 发疯
The computer went wrong. 电脑坏了。
Fish goes bad in hot weather. 热天鱼很快腐烂。
He has gone deaf. 他变聋了。
13.
think highly/well/much of 对---评价很高
think ill/badly/poorly/little of 对---评价不好
Premier Zhou was highly thought of in China. 周总理在中国深受好评。
Not all the teachers are well thought of by the students. 学生不是对所有老师印象都好。
highly, high 都可用作副词，high表示具体的高度，highly表示引申含义，“高度地”。类似表达还有wide/widely, deep/deeply, close/closely。
He jumped very high. 他跳得很高。
We all speak highly of Mr. Smith. 我们对史密斯先生评价很高。
Open your mouth wide. 把嘴张大。
English is widely used in the world. 英语在世界上被广泛使用。
He dived deep into the sea. 他潜到海里很深的地方。
They were deeply moved when hearing this. 听到这些，他们被深深地感动了。
14.manner
(1) 礼貌，规矩，用复数manners
It’s bad manners to talk with a full mouth. 嘴里吃着东西是很不礼貌的。
Mind your manners. 注意礼貌。
(2) 态度，举止，用作不可数名词。
His manner shows his honesty. 他的态度表明了他的诚实。
Though ugly in appearance, he is soft in manner. 虽然他的相貌丑陋，但举止很温柔。
(3) 手段，方法，用作可数名词。
He told the story in a frightening manner. 他以吓人的方式讲故事。
Do it in this manner. 用这种方式来做。
15.interrupt vt. vi.
(1) 打断，插嘴
It’s not polite to interrupt a speaker. 打断别人说话是不礼貌的。
Don’t interrupt; let him go on speaking. 别插嘴，让他继续说。
(2) 阻止，中断
I interrupt my work to watch TV. 我停下手里的活去看电视。
The war interrupted the trade between the two countries. 战争中断了两国间的贸易。
16.impression n. 印象
get an impression 得到某印象
have/make a good impression on sb. 给某人留下好印象
be under the impression that 觉得，以为
What were your first impressions of Beijing 你对北京的第一印象如何？
The book left/made a deep impression on him. 这本书给他留下了深刻的印象。
What he said gave her a bad impression. 他的话给它留下了恶劣的印象。
Everybody had the impression that she was a good match for the young man.
每个人都觉得她和那个年轻人是天生的一对。
17.mean vt.
(1) 意味着
Life to him means struggle. 对他来说生活意味着斗争。
His words means a lot to me. 他的话对我来说意味着许多。
What do you mean by saying this 你说这话是什么意思？
Nodding the head means agreement. 点头就是同意。
(2) mean to do 打算做某事
What do you mean to do next 下一步你打算做什么？
I mean to write a letter to my girlfriend. 我打算给我的女朋友写封信。
I know I have hurt her feelings, but I didn’t mean to.
我知道我伤害了她，但这不是我的本意。
I had meant to apologize to him, but I changed my mind.
我本打算向他道歉，但又改变了主意。
(3) mean doing 意味着---
Her smile means being happy. 她的微笑意味着正高兴。
Waving the hand means saying goodbye. 挥手意味着道别。
If it means delaying one more week, I will not wait.
如果这意味着拖延一个星期，我就不等了。
(4) mean sb. to do 打算要某人做---
I mean you to repair my bike. 我打算要你给我修自行车。
I had meant you to get up early, but you got up late.
我本打算要你早起，但你起晚了。
He meant his son to succeed. 他要他的儿子成功。
(5) means n. 手段，方法；工具（单复数同形）
a means of transportation 交通工具
a means of communication 通讯方式
by all means 无论如何，务必
by means of 借助---
by this means 通过这种方式
They tried all possible means. 他们尝试过一切可能的方式。
There is/are no means of getting there. 没有办法可以到达那里。
Finish it by all means. 无论如何都要完成它。
Thoughts can also be expressed by means of music. 思想也可借助音乐表达。
We’ll be connected with that factory by this means. 我们将用这种方式与那个工厂联系。
18.must 表推测
(1) 对现在事实的推测，用 must be/do sth.
对过去事实的推测，用must have done
He must be over 70 now. 他现在肯定有70多岁了。
He knows something about Beijing. I think he must have been there.
他对北京有所了解，我想他一定去过那儿。
(2) 表推测否定形式为 can’t do, can’t/couldn’t have done。
He can’t be from America, for his English is not good at all.
他不可能是从美国来的，因为他的英语一点也不好。
He can’t have bought this book, for he is reading mine.
他不可能买了这本书，因为他正在看我的。
(3) 含must表推测的句子，反意疑问句应根据实际时态的动词形式决定。
He must be Mr. Chen, isn’t he
(去掉must后的陈述句为：He is Mr. Chen.)
He must have stayed at home yesterday, didn’t he
(还原为: He stayed at home yesterday.)
You must have met him before, haven’t you
（还原为：You have met him before.）
高考链接：
(1) ---Tom graduated from college at a very young age.
---Oh, he ____ have been a very smart student. (NMET 2004)
A. could B. should C. might D. must
答案：D
分析：对过去情况的肯定推测，用must have done。
(2) He ____ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside. (北京2005)
A. should B. must C. wouldn’t D. can’t
答案：B
分析： 同上题。
(3) I _____ have been more than six years old when the accident happened.
A. shouldn’t B. couldn’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t
答案：B
分析：对过去的否定推测用 can’t/couldn’t have done。
19.introduce vt.
(1) 介绍
Let me introduce myself first. 先让我作一下自我介绍。
May I introduce you to Mr. Brown 让我介绍你跟布郎先生认识好吗？
(2) 引进，提出
They introduced the idea that children could learn to read as babies.
他们提出在婴儿阶段就可教小孩认字这个想法。
Who introduced the bad idea 谁提出的这个糟糕的想法？
They introduced a topic for discussion. 他们提出议题供讨论。
(3) （以---）开始
I introduced my class with a funny story. 我以一个有趣的故事开始我的课。
What did he introduce the program with 他以什么开始节目的？
Relative pronouns introduce adjective clauses. 关系代词引出定语从句。
(4) 使认识，使知道
Tom introduced me to jazz. 汤姆使我了解了爵士乐。
Watching TV programs introduced me to this play.
看电视使我了解了这个戏剧。
20.否定前缀
(1) in-
indirect adj. 间接的
inability n. 无能力
inaction n. 无行动
(2) un-
unhappy 不高兴的 unlike 不像的
uncomfortable 不舒服的 uncommon 不常见的
unable 不能的 uncertain 不确定的
unafraid 不害怕的
(3) dis-
disagree 不同意 dislike 不喜欢 disabled 残废的
(4) im-
impossible 不可能的 improbable 不大可能的 impolite 没礼貌的
(5) non-
nonstop 不停的 non-smoker 不吸烟者
否定前缀词作谓语时，反意疑问部分通常仍用否定形式。
He disagrees to my plan, doesn’t he 他不同意我的计划，是吗？
Tom is unlike his mother, isn’t he 汤姆不象他妈妈，是吗？
21.fashion n. 流行，时髦，时尚
a fashion show 时装表演
set a/the fashion 领导潮流
follow the fashion 赶时髦
come into fashion 流行起来
go out of fashion 渐渐过时
be in fashion 正流行
be out of fashion 不再流行
Wide trousers are the latest fashion. 宽腿裤是最新流行的款式。
She arranged flowers in/after her own fashion. 她以自己的方式插花。
Fashions for men’s clothes change less frequently than fashions for women’s clothes.
男装的式样不如女装的式样变化多。
When did that style of dress come into/go out of fashion
那种衣服的样式什么时候流行/不流行？
* fashionable adj. 时髦的，流行的
a fashionable dressmaker 有钱人光顾的裁缝
a fashionable summer resort 时髦的避暑胜地
22.besides
(1) prep. 除了---之外还有---
There were three more visitors besides me. 除我之外，还有三位访客。
Besides being a scholar, he was a famous writer. 他除了是位学者，还是位有名的作家。
Do you have any other books besides these
除了这些书，你还有没有其它的呢？
(2) 除了---之外（不再有），用于否定句，相当于except.
Nobody knows the truth besides him. 除他之外没有人知道真相。
(3) adv. 而且，此外
She is still young and beautiful besides. 她仍然年轻而且漂亮。
It is too late to go now. Besides, it is beginning to rain.
现在出去太晚了，而且开始下雨了。
Book 1 Unit 7---9
重点词汇、短语与句型:
1.in ruins 成为废墟
2.bring…back to life 使苏醒，使生动
3.pull down 拆毁，推翻
4.set up 设立, 创立
5.stand for 代表, 象征，支持
6.because of 由于，因为
7.speed skating 速滑
8.track and field 田径
9.would rather 宁愿，宁可
10.take part in 参加
11.in preparation for 为…做准备
12.stay in touch with 与…保持联系
13.call for 要求，需要
14.according to 按照
15.take over 接收，接管
16.succeed (in) doing sth. 成功地干成某事
17.break down 毁掉，坏掉，中止
18.send…into space 把…送入太空
19.give in 屈服
20.be under attack 遭到进攻
21.every +数词+名词 每…
22.in modern times 在现代
pete in… 参加…比赛
e up with… 找到，提出
25.stone by stone 一块石头、一块石头地
26.be marked with 上面标有…
27.more than 不仅仅是
28.change one’s behavior 改变某人的行为方式
29.do one’s best (to do sth.) 尽力做某事
do all/everything sb. can (to do sth.) 做某人所能做的一切（来做某事）
do what sb. can to help sb. 尽某人所能去帮某人
30.on the go 忙个不停，跑来跑去
31.add 的用法
32.an electronic calendar 电子日历
33.during one’s lifetime 在某人的一生中
34.cultural relics 文化遗产
35.the same as 同…一样
36.win a gold medal 获得金牌
37.be based on 以…为基础
38.dare的用法
39.important events in history 历史上的重大事件
40.a sports star profile 体育明星特写
41.light the torch 点燃火炬
42.dream about a better future 梦想一个更好的未来
43.提出意见和建议：
Why not…
Why don’t you…
What/How about…
Shall we…
Maybe we could…
I’d like to…
Can’t we…？
44.同意和不同意：
Absolutely.
That’s exactly what I was thinking.
That’s a good point.
That’s just how I see it.
That’s worth thinking about.
I disagree./Well, yes, but…
You can’t be serious.
Well ,I’m not so sure about that.
单元知识点归纳：
1.
in case （adv. ＆ conj. ） 以防，万一
in case of sth. 假如，以防发生某事
in this/ that case 在这种／那种情况下
in no case 决不
in any case 无论如何，总之
in the case of 就…而言，至于，在…情况下
eg.
⑴In case of fire, ring the alarm bell.万一发生火灾，请拉响火警铃。
⑵Please take an umbrella, in case it rains.请带上雨伞以防下雨。
⑶Take a taxi in case you are late for the meeting.乘坐出租车吧，以防开会迟到。
⑷I don’t think I’ll need any money but I’ll bring some in case.
我觉得用不着钱，但还是带上一些以防万一。
⑸In no case should you give up learning English. 你决不要放弃学习英语。
⑹In any case , I’ll go and have a look for myself. 无论如何我要亲自去看一看。
⑺In that case, the whole house would be on fire.如果那样的话，整个房子就会着火。
⑻In the case of money itself, it’s no good or bad. 就钱本身而言，没有好与坏之分
注：case 可表达多种意思：
⑴That isn’t the case with Peter.彼得的情况并不如此（情况，情形）。
⑵The case will be tried in the court next week.下周要审这个案子（案情，案例）。
⑶The worst cases have been sent to hospital.情况最严重的患者已被送往医院（患者，病人）。
高考题例:
①
----I’m afraid Mr. Wood can’t see you until 4 o’clock.
----Oh, _____ I won’t wait.(2005全国高考浙江卷)
A. no doubt B. after all C. in that case D. in this way
分析：从语境中可理解题意为“要是那样的话，我就不等了”。
答案：C
②I always take something to read when I go to the doctor’s ______ I have to wait.(2005全国高考卷二)
A. in case B. so that C. in order D. as if
分析:由句意可知“当我去医务室时总要带上点东西,以防等待” .in case “以防”, so that “为了”。
答案:A
2.
use …as …把某物当作…使用
be used to do 被用于…
used to do 过去常常
be/ get used to sth./ doing sth. 习惯于…
eg.
⑴Wood can be used to make desks and chairs. 木头可以被用来制作桌椅。
⑵In ancient times, people used stones as tools for farming.
古代，人民常用石头作为捕食动物的工具。
⑶He used to play a funny role in TV plays.他过去常在电视剧中扮演滑稽的角色。
⑷He has got used to spending his holidays in the countryside.他已习惯于在乡下渡假了。
⑸We used to work in the same workshop. 我们过去在同一个车间工作。
be used to doing sth. 可用quite来修饰。如果强调由不同习惯到习惯这一过程的动作，常用get或become代替。如：
⑴He has become used to staying up late. 他已习惯于熬夜了。
⑵The food in England is strange at first but you’ll soon get used to it.
英国食物乍一吃很不习惯，但不久就能适应了。
⑶After three months she had got used to the extreme heat.
三个月以后她就适应酷热的环境了。
3.remind vt. 提醒，使想起
常用于下列句型：
remind sb. of sth.
remind （sb.）that…
remind sb. to do sth.
eg.
⑴He reminds me of his brother. 他使我想起了他的哥哥。
⑵I reminded him to answer that letter.我提醒他要回信。
⑶I reminded him that he must go home before dark.我提醒他必须要在天黑前回家。
⑷Remind me to take my medicine tomorrow.提醒我明天带着药。
⑸The song reminds me of France.这首歌使我想起了法国。
⑹Travellers are reminded that malaria tablets are advisable.
旅客须知要服用预防疟疾药。
﹡reminder n. 使某人回想起某事或某人的事物；提示
⑴The statue is a lasting reminder of Churchill’s greatness.
这尊塑像使人永远缅怀丘吉尔的伟大功绩。
⑵The waiters were cleaning the tables , which served as a reminder that it was time to leave.服务员在收拾桌子，提醒顾客该走了。
高考题例:
In our childhood, we were often _______ by Grandma to pay attention to our table manners.（2005全国高考江苏卷）
A. demanded B. reminded C. allowed D. hoped
分析:从4个选项看,均为过去分词形式。那么,只需对句意理解和对4个过去分词的动词原形词义辨析便可选对。从题干所提供的语境看,可以排除C项,再从动词搭配来考虑,A项和D项都只能用不定式来直接作宾语,只有remind可接动词不定式作宾语补足语。
答案: B
4.
add …to … 在…中加上
add to… 增加，加强
add up 加起来
add up to… 总共，总共有
eg.
⑴If you add five to five, you get ten. 五加五得十。
⑵Don’t add fuel to the flame. 不要火上加油。
⑶I added sugar to tea. 我往茶里加了糖。
⑷Every time I added up these figures I got a different answer.
每次加起这些数字，我得到的答案都不一样。
⑸Your carelessness added to our difficulty. 你的粗心增加了我们的困难。
⑹His whole schooling added up to no more than one year.他受到的全部学校教育加起来不超过一年。
⑺Travel adds to our understanding of the world.旅游增加了我们对世界的了解。
5.late adj. ＆ adv. 迟的，晚的
later 是late的比较级， adv. 后来（常用于词组later on）
latest 是late的最高级，“最新的，最近的”（可用于词组at the latest“最迟”）
lately 最近（=recently）
latter 后者
eg.
⑴She is always dressed in the latest fashion. 她总是穿最新款的时装。
⑵ We have been doing lots of gardening lately. 近来我们做了很多园艺工作。
⑶ His latest novel is a great success. 他最近出版的小说十分成功。
⑷At first things went well, but later on we ran into trouble.
起初事情进展的很顺利，但后来我们遇到了困难。
⑸One can travel by ship or plane. Most people choose the latter.
乘船或乘飞机去均可，人们多取后者。
⑹Passengers should check in one hour before their flight time at the latest.
乘客至迟应在班机起飞前一小时办理登机手续。
⑺I sat up late last night. 昨夜我一直呆到很晚。
6.under attack 遭受攻击
under 表示“在…（状态）中，在…（情况）下”
eg.
⑴The city was under attack for 100 days. 这座城市被围困了一百天。
⑵The patrol came under attack from all sides.巡逻队遭到来自四面八方的攻击。
⑶The road is under repair and is closed to motor traffic.这条公路正在维修，禁止机动车辆通行。
⑷The problem is under discussion. 这个问题正在讨论中。
⑸The building is under construction.大楼正在建设中。
⑹The subject is under study.这个课题正在研究着。
7.
give in （vi.） 投降，屈服，让步
give in to… （vt.） 向…让步，迁就
give up ( sth./ doing sth.) （vt.＆ vi.） 放弃，不再做（某事）
give off： send out or emit sth. 送出或发出某物
give sth./ sb. away 赠送，有意或无意泄露某事物或出卖某人
give out 用完，消耗尽
eg.
⑴She gave away state secrets to the enemy.她将国家机密泄露给敌人了。
⑵He gave away most of his money to charity.他把大部分钱捐给了慈善事业。
⑶After a month their food supplies gave out.过了一个月，他们的食物已消耗殆尽。
⑷The teacher gave out the examination papers.老师分发了考试卷。
⑸One of the plane’s engines gave out in mid-Atlantic.
飞机在大西洋中部飞行时，其中一个发动机出了故障。
⑹The authorities showed no signs of giving in to the kidnapper’s demands.
当局对绑架者的要求丝毫没有让步的迹象。
⑺The rebels were forced to give in.叛乱者被迫投降。
⑻The cooker is giving off a funny smell.锅里冒出股怪味。
⑼The fire doesn’t seem to be giving off much heat.这炉火好像不太热。
⑽Believe in yourself and never give in.相信你自己，别屈服。
⑾The soldier didn’t give in to the enemy.这个士兵没有向敌人屈服。
高考题例:
①Don’t mention that at the beginning of the story, or it may ______ the shocking ending.（2002北京高考）
A. give away B. give out C. give up D. give off
分析:give away此处为“泄露(秘密等)”,give out/off发出,give up放弃。
答案:A
②What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world had _____ （2005全国高考山东卷）
A. given out B. put out C. held out D. used up
分析:give out指“分发,放出,用光”, put out指“生产,出版,扑灭,提供”, hold out“举起,阻挡,使停顿”, use up“耗尽,耗费”。根据句意这里表示“耗尽,用光”,容易仅根据句意而误选D.但如果用 use up,需要用被动语态; give out表示“耗尽,用光”时是不及物的,不用被动语态.
答案:A
8.include：vt. “包括，列在里面”
including： “包括”用在名词之前，表主动意义
included： “被包括”用在名词或代词之后，表被动意义
比较：contain着重指作为组成部分而被包含在内，可指具体的或抽象的事物。
include 用法较广，它的宾语是所包含的部分内容，指整体中的一部分，通常用来附加或补充说明
eg.
⑴The tour includes a visit to the Science Museum. 这次参观包括去科学馆。
⑵All of us, including me/ me included, have read this book.所有的人，包括我在内，都看过这本书。
⑶Your duties will include putting the children to bed.哄小孩入睡也将是你工作的一部分。
⑷The band played many songs, including some of my favourites.
（= The band played many songs, some of my favourites included.）
这支乐队演奏了许多歌曲，其中有我最喜欢的。
⑸The box contains only a few warm-weather clothes. 这个箱子里只有几件热天穿的衣服。
⑸We all went , myself included.（=We all went, including me.） 我们都去了，其中包括我。
⑹I think you’ll find the plan includes most of your suggestion.
我想你会发现这个计划包括了你的大部分建议。
9.
in pieces 成碎片，破碎，落空
in ruins 成为废墟，落空
in 表示某人（某事物）的状态或状况，常用于以下词组中：
in order 整齐
in a mess 凌乱
in good repair 保养良好
in a hurry 匆忙地
in poverty 在贫困中
in poor healthy 健康欠佳
in anger（=angrily ） 愤怒地
eg.
⑴I found the glass lying in pieces on the ground.他发现玻璃杯成了碎片散落在地上。
⑵An earthquake left the whole town in ruins. 地震使整个城市沦为废墟。
⑶His career is in ruins. 他已前途尽毁。
⑷He is in poor health.他的健康欠佳。
⑸He left in a hurry. 他匆匆地离开了。
in 可表示“穿（戴）”（：wearing）
eg.
He is dressed in white.他身着白色服装。
in 表示手段、材料等
eg.
⑴The article was written in ink.这篇文章是用钢笔写的。
⑵Please speak in a loud voice.请大声说出来。
in 表示比率
eg.
One in ten said they preferred their old brand of margarine.
有十分之一的人说比较喜欢老牌子的人造黄油。
in 表示“在某方面，至于”
eg.
⑴It is a country rich in minerals.它是一个矿藏丰富的国家。
⑵He is behind others in reading, but a long way ahead in arithmetic.
他在阅读方面比别人落后，但在算术方面遥遥领先。
⑶It is three feet in length.它的长度是三英尺。
10.据说
It is said that…
…is said to …
eg.
⑴ It is said that you know his address.据说你知道他的地址。
=You are said to know his address.
⑵It is said that he is the best player in his class.据说他是班里最好的队员。
=He is said to be the best player in his class.
⑶It is said that the old temple is of great importance.据说那座古庙很重要。
=The old temple is said to be of great importance.
﹡be said 还可和to have done连用，表示已发生的情况
eg.
⑴He is said to have failed again.据说他又失败了。
