中考英语词汇与语法满分快车道书稿（共18部分 有答案）

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中考英语词汇与语法满分快车道书稿练习集（一）
语言运用能力
综合练习
语法与词汇（1）
Ⅰ、Choose the best answer.(选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示填入括号内) （共20分）
( )1. What is the girl's name
______ name is Michael.
A. My B. Your C. His D. Her
( ) 2. How______ is the data line
It's about eighty dollars.
A. long B. old C. many D. much
( ) 3. Jackson borrowed a book ____ the library two weeks ago.
A. to B. from C. for D. in
( ) 4. I am sorry I forgot to bring my textbook. I ____ it at home.
A. lost B. forgot C. left D. put
( ) 5. What do you think _____ her a good student
A. of making B. made C. making D. to make
( ) 6. There _____ nobody in the room. The door is open.
A. can be not B. can’t have C. can’t be D. be can’t
( ) 7. Hurry up, or we will _____ the plane.
A. catch B. take C. lose D. miss
( ) 8. The postcard _____ ”Happy Valentines Day!”
A. says B. speaks C. tells D. writes
( ) 9. The population of China is much _______ of Japan.
A. more than B. bigger than that
C. bigger than D. more larger than
( )10.“Excuse me, may I try on ______ pair of gloves This one is too small .”
“Certainly.”
A. other B. the other C. others D. another
( )11．He's quite ________ math，but he never drops it．
A．good at B．weak in C．interested in D．tired of
( )12．Computers are so helpful to people．They can do almost everything！
Yes．But they ________ what to do．
A．must be told B．will be known
C．has to be known D．will know
( )13. Her paper is out of use, but _________ is enough.
A. I B. me C. my D. mine
( )14. If it ________ tomorrow, we will not go to Su Zhou for the trip.
A. will rain B. rained C. rains D. rain
( )15. Look！________ beautiful church it is！
A．What B．How C．How a D．What a
( )16.“Have you received any message from Wendy after she went to France？”
“ ________．”
“Really？No news is good news．”
A．Yes，I have B．I don't mind
C．No，I haven't D．No problem
( )17.“Is Mr Baker really very ill？”
“________．He's in hospital．”
A．I don't think so B．No，he isn't
C．I hope so D．I'm afraid so
( )18.“Mum，Billy is coming to supper this evening．”
“OK．Let's give him ________ to eat．”
A．something different B．different anything
C．anything different D．different something
( )19.“Would you like to play baseball with us ”
“_________.”
A. Yes, I’d love to B. No, please.
C. It’s OK. D. All right.
( )20.“ May I put my bike here？”
“Sorry，you mustn't．Please look at the sign．It says ’________'．”
A．no parking B．no photos C．danger D．stop
Ⅱ、Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子)（共6分）
1.Thank you for your ________ to us. (kind)
2.On a ________ night, you can see thousands of stars in the sky. (clearly)
3.In ________ weather, the old had better stay at home. (freeze)
4.At the ________ of this century, the APEC conferences were held successfully in Shanghai. (begin)
5.It’s a ________ to have a picnic with all the family members. (please)
6.How ________ it sounds. (interest)
Ⅲ、Rewrite the sentences as required.(按要求改写句子，每空格限填一词)（共10分）
1.Can you tell me what weight the box is (保持句意不变)
Do you ________ how ________ the box is
2.The postage is three yuan and five jiao. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ is the postage.
3.These boy preferred detective stories to science fiction. (保持句意不变)
These boy liked reading detective stories ________ ________ science fiction.
4.He lost the key to his bike on his way to the lecture. (对划线部分提问)
________ did he ________ on his way to the lecture
5.Nanjing Road Walkway looks very beautiful at night. (改为感叹句)
________ ________ Nanjing Road Walkway looks at night!
语法与词汇（2）
Ⅰ、Choose the best answer.(选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示填入括号内) （共20分）
( ) 1. What's that on the floor It's just ______ small orange.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
( ) 2. Three _ ______ the excellent students in our university will first graduate from school.
A. hundred B. hundreds of C. hundred of D. hundreds
( ) 3. It was very cold the day before yesterday and it rained the whole day. __________ .
A. So it was B. It was so C. So did it D. So it is
( ) 4. Don't forget to give my sincerely regards to your family．
________ ．
A．I don't B．I won't C．I can't D．I haven'
( ) 5. The dress is so beautiful. Can I ______.
A. try it on B. try on it C. wear it on D. dress it on
( ) 6. Would you mind _______ the Computer sound box, please It’s eleven o’clock.
A. to turn down B. turning down　　
C. turned down　　 　D. turn down
( ) 7. Do you know the girl ________ the short skirt
A. dressing of B. having　　　　C. wearing　　 D. putting on
( ) 8. The little girl's knee was injured, _______ she didn't cry.
A. if B. but C. or D. and
( ) 9. Could you _______ German
Yes, but only a little.
A. speak B. talk C. say D. tell
( )10. What time does your lessons on Sunday begin every day
It _______ at ten to eight.
A. begin B. beings C. is beginning D. will begin
( )11. The boy came ______ with no idea at last.
A. on B. at C. up D. to
( )12. If H2 burns in O2 we can get ________.
A. H2 B.O2 C. H2O D. H2O2
( )13. You may go to play soccer as soon as your homework _____
A. will be finished B. has finished
C. finishes D. is finished
( )14. _________ wonderful music he is playing ! All of us are losing ourselves in the songs .
A. How B. What a C. How a D. What
( )15. It’s ________ hard problem for the whole family that _______ of them can work it out .
A. so, neither B. such a, none
C. so a, neither D. such a, neither
( )16. “Could you let me know ___________ yesterday ”
“Because the traffic was heavy .”
A. why did you come late B. why you came late
C. why do you come late D. why you come late
( )17. “_____ will the bus _____ ”
“In about ten minutes , I think .”
A. When , reach B. When , arrive
C. How soon , reach D. How soon , arrive
( )18. “Could you tell me ___________ yesterday ”
“Because of the heavy traffic .”
A. why did you come late B. why you came late
C. why do you come late D. why you come late
( )19．“Would you like a drink？”
“Oh，yes，of course．I'd love ____________．”
A．one B．it C．any D．something
( )20．“Excuse me，Mr Gemini．You'd better not smoke here．Look at the sign！ ”
“Sorry，I ___________ it.”
A．don't see B．didn't see C．hadn't seen D．won't see
Ⅱ、Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子)（共6分）
1.Such cold weather is quite ________ in May and people have to wear warm clothes again. (usually)
2.The Frenchman said, ‘It’s my ________ time to visit Shanghai. I love this city so much.’ (three)
3.‘Your job is to ________ customers well.’, the manager told the waiters. (service)
4.Who will pay the ________ of your education (expensive)
5.Oil prices are ________ to rise after the war. (certainly)
6.________ is very important for people. (honest)
Ⅲ、Rewrite the sentences as required.(按要求改写句子，每空格限填一词)（共10分）
1.It look the workers and engineers about two years to build the tunnel. (保持句意不变)
The workers and engineers ________ about two years ________ the tunnel.
2.The boy asked his mother ,‘ Does water freeze at 0℃ ’ (保持句意不变)
The boy asked his mother ________ water ________ at 0℃ ’
3.Mary is so tall tall that she can easily get the book on the top shelf. (保持句意不变)
Mary is ________ ________ to get the book on the top of shelf easily.
4.He didn’t invite anyone to his birthday party. (保持句意不变)
________ ________ invited to his birthday party.
5.Jack didn’t show the teacher the mistake on his test paper. Instead he said nothing about it. (合并一句)
Jack said nothing about the mistake ________ ________ showing it to the teacher.
语法与词汇（3）
Ⅰ、Choose the best answer.(选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示填入括号内) （共20分）
( ) 1. It's time for lunch. Boys and girls, let's stop _________.
A. to work B. to working C. working D. work
( ) 2. Please give me a ________ when you get to Hai Kou.?
All right．I'll tell you everything when I get there．
A．newspaper B．ticket C．calling D．ring
( ) 3. ________ do you usually go to work, Frank
By bike.
A. What B. How C. When D. Where
( ) 4. Look! Mr. Wu ________ football on the playground.
A. plays B. played C. is playing D. will play
( ) 5.If you keep _______ , you will be a very good swimmer one day .
A. practise to swim B. practising swimming
C. to practise to swim D. practise swimming
( ) 6.Fred is _________ boy. He can swim and skit well.
A. a 11-year –old B. an 11-year-old
C. a 11-years –old D. an 11-years-old
( ) 7. I hear Ann _________ drink a lot at the party.
A. sees B. was seen C. sees to D. was seen to
( ) 8. The travelers arrived ______ Xi An _____ a rainy day .
A. at ,in B. at ,on C. in , in D. in, on
( ) 9. ------ Is there ______ in today’s TV news
------ Nothing serious.
A. important something B. something important
C. anything important D. important anything
( )10. My ruler is short, but ______ is long.
A. she B. her C. hers D. her’s
( )11. We are sitting in a soft sofa _________. The room is _________ and smells good.
　 A. comfortably, tidy　　　　 B. comfortable, clean
　C. uncomfortably, full　　　 D. uncomfortable, empty
( )12. If it _____ tomorrow, we’ll have a trip to Xiang Mountain.
A. don’t rain B. isn’t rain
C. doesn’t rain D. won’t rain
( )13. _________ kids there are in a family，_______ their life will be．
A．The less；the better B．The fewer；the better
C．Fewer；richer D．More；poorer
( )14. I want to know _________ Jack still lives in that house.
A. that　　　　B. if　　　　 C. whether　　D. where
( )15. It was raining heavily, but ______stopped playing soccer.
A. all of us B. some of us C. none of us D. nobody of us
( )16. ----What about six o’clock at the Friday Restaurant
----________ Let’s make it six o’clock .
A. That’s OK .
B. That would be fine.
C. How about a little earlier
D. It doesn’t matter.
( )17．—Lisa didn't come to school yesterday，did she？
—__________，though she was not feeling very well．
A．No，she didn't B．Yes，she did
C．Yes，she didn't D．No，she did
( )18. Jeffrey asked me ________.
A. how many chairs are there in the resting room
B. how many chairs there are in the resting room
C. how many chairs there were in the resting room
D. how many chairs there had in the resting room
( )19. ---Wendy, I’ll return your calculator as soon as I can.
---__________.
A. Don’t worry. B. No hurry
C. Of course. D. With pleasure
( )20. ------ Thank you for inviting us. We have had a very good time today.
------ __________.
A. No, thank you. B. I’m afraid not
C. Please don’t say that D. My pleasure
Ⅱ、Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子)（共6分）
1.In order to keep ________ , we must do morning exercise every day. (health)
2.More ________ workers are needed in that country. (medicine)
3.The old woman shouted at this boy ________ because he tricked her again. (angry)
4.I like ________ food very much. (freeze)
5.Madame Curie, one of the most famous ________ in the world, won the Nobel Prize twice in her life. (science)
6.I’m afraid most of your answers on the paper are ________. (correct)
Ⅲ、Rewrite the sentences as required.(按要求改写句子，每空格限填一词)（共10分）
1.We enjoyed the food and the evening, too. (保持句意不变)
We enjoyed the food and the evening ________ ________.
2. Tom had to take part in the activities.(改为反意疑问句)
Tom had to take part in the activities, ________ ________
3.The book is interesting. There are many stories in it. (合并一句)
It is ________ interesting book ________ many stories in it.
4.We tried to find the answers to the two questions. (对划线部分提问)
________ did you ________ to find
5.You spent too much time playing video games. (改为一般疑问句)
________ you ________ too much time playing video games
语法与词汇（4）
Ⅰ、Choose the best answer.(选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示填入括号内) （共20分）
( ) 1. How much meat do you want to have, sir
_________ .
A. One and a half kilo B. One and a half kilos
C. One kilo and half D. One kilos and a half
( ) 2. The apples on that tree ________ big and beautiful.
A. is B. are C. looks D. can
( ) 3．—Do you know if he _________ to play basketball with us？
—I think he will come if he _________ free tomorrow．
A．comes；is B．comes；will be
C．will come；is D．will come；will be
( ) 4. -- When do you get up every morning
-- ________ about half past six.
A. At B. On C. In D. To
( ) 5. We have lived in the village for _________.
A. two years and a half B. two and half a years
C. two years and half one D. two and one half year
( ) 6. Hello, Park! How was your trip to Xi An, the famous city of China
Oh, we ________ a wonderful time there .
A. have had B. were having C. are having D. had
( ) 7. It’s too dark to read here. Please ___________ the reading lamp.
A. turn back B. turn down C. turn on D. turn off
( ) 8．—Did _________ spend the winter holidays in Beijing？
—Yes．Haven't you seen their photos taken beside the snowman？
A．Green B．the Green C．Greens D．the Greens
( ) 9. ________ Saturday _________ Sunday is OK with me. I am always free on these two days.
　 A. Both, and　　　　　　　　　 B. Neither, nor
　 C. Either, or　　　　　　　　　D. One, the other
( )10. Which is _________ city, Shanghai, Beijing or Chengdu
A. large B. larger C. largest D. the largest
( )11. The bag is so heavy ________ I have to ask someone else to help me.
　 A. to　　　　　B. because　　　 C. that　　　　 D. for
( )12. Mr. Zhou ________ in Xuhui District since 1999.
A. live B. lives C. lived D. has lived
( )13. There ________ many sheep on the Rancho Farm.
A. are　　　 　B. is　　　　　　C. have　　　 　D. has
( )14. — Do you know _________？
—He's Tommy's brother．
A．who is he B．what he is
C．what's he D．who he is
( )15. —Hello，could I speak to Miss Li，please？
— _________ I'll get her for you．
A．Hold on，please． B．I'm Miss Fang．
C．Who are you？ D．She is at work．
( )16. His mother is ill. He is going to _________ her at home.
A. look at B. look after C. look for D. look like
( )17. “Would you like to my birthday party, Lili ”
“_________ ”
A. Oh, thanks, I'd love to. B. Oh, thank you very much. I'm glad.
C. Yes, I do. It's a pleasure. D. That is all right.
( )18. --- Let’s go shopping after lunch.
--- _________
A. Let’s B. Why C. What to buy D. Why not
( )19. Shall we leave at half past five p.m.
No, ________.
A. let' s go to see the pandas
B. let' s meet inside the park
C. let' s make it a little earlier
D. let’s go to have some ice cream
( )20. --The box is heavy. Let me help you to carry it.
--________, But I can carry it myself .
A. That’s very kind of you B. That’s all right
C. It’s isn’t necessary D. I don’t need your help
Ⅱ、Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子)（共6分）
1.In this factory dirty water must be cleaned before rivers are ________. (pollution)
2.The lady always looks at ________ in the mirror before going out to visit others. (she)
3.The weather in spring here is ________ than in autumn. (change)
4.Air, food and water are ________ for life. (need)
5.He was surprised to see so many ________ mistakes in her homework. (correct)
6.It’s a ________ to talk with you. (please)
Ⅲ、Rewrite the sentences as required.(按要求改写句子，每空格限填一词)（共10分）
1.Tom wrote this letter last night. (改为否定句)
Tom ________ ________ this letter last night.
2.Can I help you？(保持句意不变)
________ can I do ________ you
3.This is a white horse. (改为复数形式)
________ are white ________.
4.Will you join us in the game I asked Wang Hai… (合并一句)
I asked Wang Hai ________ he ________ join us in the game.
5.We usually plant trees in spring. (对划线部分提问)
What ________ you usually ________ in spring
语法与词汇（5）
Ⅰ、Choose the best answer.(选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示填入括号内) （共20分）
( ) 1. --What did the teacher tell us _______ just now
--Not to make anything in the classroom dirty.
A. do B. to do C. doing D. did
( ) 2. We should make a contribution to ________ our country stronger and safe.
A. make B. made C. makes D. making
( ) 3. There are ________ students in our collage.
A. six hundred B. six hundreds
C. six hundreds of D. six hundred of
( ) 4．Welcome to Hangzhou，Mr Baker．It's the first time you visit this city， ？
A．isn't it B．hasn't it C．do you D．will you
( ) 5. These trees __________. Let’s get some water.
　 A. need to be watered.　　　　　 B. need watered
　 C. have been watered　　　　　　 D. are watering
( ) 6. This is ________ passage．You'd should read it carefully．
A．such a good B．so a good C．such good a D．so good
( ) 7. It's really of your family to give us so much help．
A．kind B．helpful C．wonderful D．useful
( ) 8. —What's wrong with your TV set？
—The picture come out．
A．doesn't B．won't C．hasn't D．can't
( ) 9. It only _________ him 10 minutes _________ to his factory every day.
　 A. took, to drive　　　　　　　　B. took, drive
C. takes, drive　　　　　　　　　D. takes, to drive
( )10. Jennifer's brother didn't work so ________ as the others did in his class．
A. harder B．hard C．hardest D．hardly
( )11. --How long did ________ take you to finish your homework yesterday
--About two hours.
A. this B. that C. they D. it
( )12. He asked me where during my trip in Soul.
A.I had gone B. had I stayed C. did I have D. I had been
( )13. A traffic jam stopped me _____ here on time
A. come B. from coming C. to come D. came
( )14．--Who is he？Is he our new chinese teacher？
--I'm sorry．I don't know and he is．
A．who；what B．who；how C．how；what D．where；how
( )15．--I hope you'll have a good time here．
--　　　__　 .
A．Why not B．So do I C．I think so D．Thanks a lot
( )16. The teacher asked the students ________ carefully.
A. listen B. listens C. listened D. to listen
( )17. -- I’m afraid we have to go home now. It’s getting late.
-- __________.
A. It’s early B. Good evening C. Never mind D. Goodbye
( )18. Soccer is one of _________ in the world .
A. the popular game B. the popular games
C. the most popular game D. the most popular games
( )19． --Time is money．
--But I do not think money is 　　　_　 time．
A．as important as B．more important as
C．the most important in D．more important than
( )20. --Mum, I’m very thirsty .I’d like to drink ________ fruit juice .
--All right .It is in the fridge. Help ________.
A. many more , yourselves B. much more , yourself
C. more many , yourself D. more much , yourselves
Ⅱ、Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子)（共6分）
1.He went to the barber’s ________ a month. (two)
2.He made a few ________ mistakes in the test. (care)
3.The ________ of English is known by all of us. (important)
4.Hey, the handbag is not the ________. (announce)
5.The girls over there are new ________ at the restaurant. (wait)
6.The room is four meters in________. (wide)
Ⅲ、Rewrite the sentences as required.(按要求改写句子，每空格限填一词)（共10分）
1.The headmaster praised Betty for her honesty. (改为被动语态)
Betty ________ praised for her honesty ________ the headmaster.
2.My father is a Professor. My mother is a professor, too. (合并一句)
My ________ are ________ professors.
3.Suddenly the light was off. (保持句意不变)
Suddenly the light ________ ________.
4.The book on that shelf is newly published. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ is newly published
5.Mrs Brown was made to wait at the school gate for an hour. (保持句意不变)
Mrs Brown was ________ ________ at the school gate for an hour.
语法与词汇（6）
Ⅰ、Choose the best answer.(选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示填入括号内) （共20分）
( ) 1. We must plant as many trees as possible ______ make our city cleaner.
A. for B. so that C. to D. because
( ) 2. The TV is too noisy. Please tell him______ .
A. not to forget to turn it up
B. not to forget to turn it down
C. to not forget to turn off it
D. to not forget turned it on
( ) 3.How long have you _______ this furniture？
A. lent B .borrowed C．had D．bought
( ) 4. They come _______ Tibet which lies ______ the northwest of China.
A. to, to B. in, from C. from, on D. from, in
( ) 5.The view there are better than ________ here.
A. this B. it C. the ones D. that
( ) 6. it snowed , I got to school early.
A. Although, but B. Because, \
C. Although, \ D. Because, so
( ) 7. —How long _____ the bagpipe
—Two years.
A. have you bought B. have you got
C. have you had D. have you taken
( ) 8.When he _____ in the college, she met his professor .
A. walked B. has walked
C. is walking D. was walking
( ) 9. —Where's your boss？
—He _______ to Los Angeles．
A. went B．is going C．has gone D．has been
( )10. The aeroplane is flying _____ the clouds.
A. between B. beside C. above D. over
( )11.Football is one of ______ in the world .
A. the-popular-game B. the popular-games
C. the most popular game D. the most popular games
( )12. It was very exciting the play last night._______
A. So it was B. So was it C. So it is D. It was so
( )13. What is the time _______ your watch
A. with B. by C. on D. at
( )14. — What’s the weather like today
— It’ s _______________.
A. rain B. raining
C. having rained D. rains
( )15.We have been on this farm _________.
A. a long time B. for a long time
C. in a long time D. since a long time
( )16.Look! These flowers __________. Let’s go and take the water.
　 A. need to be watered.　　　　 B. have been watered
　 C. are watering　　　　　　 D. need watered
( )17. The problem is so hard ________ I have to ask teacher to help me.
　 A. to　　　　B. for　　　　　 C. that　　　 D. because
( )18. Something must be wrong with the girl's _______ . She can't running fast.
A. ears B. arms C. legs D. eyes
( )19. _________ happens , I will go abroad.
A. However B. Whenever C. Whatever D. Wherever
( )20. She asked me ________.
　 A. how many students are there in the classroom
　 B. how many student were there in the classroom
　 C. how many students there are in the classroom
　 D. how many student there had been in the classroom
Ⅱ、Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子)（共6分）
1.The ________ will deliver the notice to you. (message)
2.It is a clever ________ that they will put off the meeting till the day after tomorrow. (decide)
3.Please help ________ to the cake on the table, everyone. (you)
4.I would like to buy a ________ sweater. (wool)
5.Everybody has his own way of ________. (relax)
6.The hall is so big that it can hold ________ 200 people. (neat)
Ⅲ、Rewrite the sentences as required.(按要求改写句子，每空格限填一词)（共10分）
1.All of them are able to speak French. (改为否定句)
________ of them ________ speak French.
2.The mountain is so high that no one can climb it. (改为简单句)
The mountain is ________ high for ________ to climb.
3.The train will leave in ten minutes. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ will the train leave
4.You have finished your homework, haven’t you What did he ask (改为宾语从句)
He asked ________ I ________ finished my homework or not.
5.The T-shirt cost 10 dollars. (对划线部分提问)
How ________ ________ the T-shirt cost
语法与词汇（7）
( ) 1.I have _____ seen such funny story.
A. already B. yet C . ever D. never
( ) 2. --Excuse me,_______ you tell me the time
--Sorry. I haven’t watch now.
A. Can B. Need C. Must D. Shall
( ) 3. You can go to play football as soon as your composition_____
A. till be finished B. is finished
C. finishes D. has finished
( ) 4. --Don't forget to ______ your umbrella here next time.
--I won't.
A. take B. bring C. get D. catch
( ) 5. The card _____”Merry Christmas!”
A. writes B. tells C. speaks D. says
( ) 6. -- May I try on ______ T-shirt This one is too small for me to wear.
-- Certainly.
A. other B. the other C. others D. another
( ) 7. —Could you look after my house in the holiday？
—__________．
A. It's very kind of you B．Certainly．Here you are
C．Sure．With pleasure D．Sure．Give it to me
( ) 8. Dr Wang had ______ last Sunday.
A. quite busy B. a quite busy day
C. quite a busy day D. busy a quite day
( ) 9.I want to know _________ Mary still lives in hospital.
　A. that　　 B. if　　　 C. weather　　D. where
( )10. There is _____ water here，but there are quite ____ empty glasses．
A．little；a few B．little；a little
C．few，little D．few，a few
( )11. The teacher asked the students to____________.
A. stop to talk B. stops talking
C. be stopping to talk D. stop talking
( )12.It only _________ her 15minutes _________ to her school every day.
　 A. took, driving　　　　 B. takes, to drive
　 C. took, to drive　　　 　D. takes, drive
( )13.Your sister did _____ worse than in the chemistry exam last week.
A. too B. even C. so D. very
( )14. Look! Ms White ________ football on the playground.
A. played B. plays C. is playing D. will play
( )15.We have already know Mr Wang for .
A. two and a half year B. two and a half years
C. two and half year D. two and half years
( )16. --Which do you like ______, strawberry or watermelon
--Of course, strawberry.
A. good B. better C. best D. well
( )17.Alough it was very cold outside , ______stopped climbing the mountain .
A. some of us B. any of us
C. none of us D. nobody of us
( )18. Are you _______ in the _______opera last night
A. interested , interested B. interesting , interesting
C. interested , interesting D. interesting , interested
( )19. No one but I ______all about it.
A. know B. haven’t known C. knows D. don’t know
( )20.There is a “_____________” sign over there, so you can’t put you bicycle in that place.
A．NO PARKING B．NO PHOTOS
C．DANGER D．STOP
Ⅱ、Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子)（共6分）
1.Everybody must do more exercise and keep ________. (health)
2.The Greet Wall runs across the ________ part of China. (north)
3.Each of the ________ will be given a VCD player. (win)
4.Xiao Yuquan’s ________ made us very sad. (die)
5.Your plan is full of ________. (imagine)
6.The children are skating happily on the ________river. (freeze)
Ⅲ、Rewrite the sentences as required.(按要求改写句子，每空格限填一词)（共10分）
1.My father worked as a farmer twenty-five years ago. (改为特殊疑问句)
________ ________ your father work as twenty-five years ago
2.He chose two story books the other day. (改为被动语态)
Two story books ________ ________ by him the other day.
3.The teacher asked ,‘Have you finished your composition, Bill ’ (保持句意不变)
The teacher asked Bill ________ he ________ finished his composition.
4.The American had to give up halfway. (改为反意疑问句)
The American had to give up halfway, ________ ________
5.It’s 10 minutes’ walk from here to the station. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ is it from here to the station
语法与词汇（8）
Ⅰ、Choose the best answer.(选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示填入括号内) （共20分）
( ) 1. My cousin get up ______ half past six every morning.
A. On B. In C. At D. with
( ) 2.If you have lost the book of the library, you must ____ it .
A. pay to B. pay for C. cost of D. cost from
( ) 3.The witch came ______ with an idea at last .
A. at B. to C. on D. up
( ) 4. —When shall we make the next appointment？
—Make it _______ day you like．
A．one B．some C．any D．another
( ) 5.There ________ many fish in the Nile.
　 A. is　　　　　 B. are　　　　 C. has　　　　　 D. have
( ) 6.We are sitting in a big sofa _________. The room is _________ and smells good.
　 A. uncomfortable, empty　　　　　B. uncomfortably, full
　 C. comfortably, tidy　　　　　　 D. comfortable, clean
( ) 7. We spend as much time as we can ______ English.
A. have read B. reading C. to read D. read
( ) 8. What’s the _____ country on earth
A. big B. biggest C. large D. larger
( ) 9.How many places ____ you _____ so far
A. have, been in B. have , been to
C. have , gone in D. have , gone to
( )10.The accident happened ________ a rainy morning in the week before last.
　 A. at　　　　　 B. on　　　　　 C. in　　　　　　D. by
( )11. ________ I failed this time, I won’t lose my confidence.
A. Although B. But C . So D . Because
( )12. —What can I do for you
—I want _____________ meat.
A. One and a half kilo B. One and a half kilos
C. One kilo and half D .One and half kilo
( )13.Do you know the girl ________ the pink dress
　 A .on　　　　　 B. putting on　 C. having　　 　 D. wearing
( )14. It’s ____ hard problem for the two students that ____ of them can work it out .
A. so a , some B. such a ,neither
C. so ,neither D. such, none
( )15. --How______ have you went to the library
--Twice a week.
A. long B. often C. many D. far
( )16.____ well she sings ! All of us are losing ourselves in it .
A. How B. How about C. What D. What like
( )17.There _____ anybody in the classroom .The room is darkness.
A. can be not B. cannot be C. be cannot D. cannot have
( )18. The population of China is much _______of America.
A. more than B. more larger than
C. bigger than that D. bigger than
( )19. Four _ ______ the students in our college will graduate next year.
A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of
( )20.It's really _________ of you to give us so much help．
A．helpful B．kind C．kindness D．useful
Ⅱ、Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子)（共6分）
1.Mary’s answer was ________, but mine was right. (correct)
2.I want to make ________ study in America. (far)
3.The mother was ________ to the young lady for offering the seat. (thank)
4.He knows very well the news will ________ the whole nation. (affection)
5.We were very sad when we know that the concert tickets ________. (sell)
6.The baby has fallen ________.(sleep)
Ⅲ、Rewrite the sentences as required.(按要求改写句子，每空格限填一词)（共10分）
1.Someone is knocking at the door. (改为反意疑问句)
Someone is knocking at the door, ________ ________
2.I’m sure that they had a reading contest. (保持句意不变)
They ________ ________ had a reading contest.
3.The teacher have been to the Century Park. Mary has been there, too. (改为否定句)
________ the teachers ________ Mary has been to the Century Park.
4.He told me that he had passed the examination. (使句意相反)
He told me that he ________ ________ the examination.
5.They have built another new road there. (改为被动语态)
Another new road ________ ________ built there.
语法与词汇（9）
Ⅰ、Choose the best answer.(选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示填入括号内) （共20分）
（ ）1.The lift is _________useful tool in our daily life.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
（ ）2.Mrs. King is a Japanese living in Shanghai for three months , so she can speak only _____ Chinese.
A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
（ ）3.It’s best to go for picnic in spring . It’s _____ cold _____ hot .
A. both ,and B. either, or C. neither , or D. neither , nor
（ ）4. The teacher tell us _______ everything in the classroom clean just now
A. making B. made C. make D. to make
（ ）5.You couldn’t let Tony carry so heavy box because he is ____ boy .
A. a 11-year –old B. a 11-years –old
C. an 11-year-old D. an 11-years-old
（ ）6. If we want to learn English well , we should spend as much time as we can ______ English.
A. reading B. to read C. reading D. have read
（ ）7. Neither I nor she ________ a doctor.
A. is B. am C. are D. to be
（ ）8. Is there ______ in today’s evening news
A. important something B. important anything
C. something important D. anything important
（ ）9.Ted's quite physics，but he never drops it．
A．tired of B．interested in
C．good at D．weak in
（ ）10. My father _________ one hundred yuan for this tool because he think it's_________．
A．cost；dear B．paid；interesting
C．took；good D．spent；useful
（ ）11.Do you know ________
A. what colour the carpet is B. the carpet is what colour
C. what colour is the carpet D . is the carpet what colour
（ ）12.Arriving late, he quietly sat at the back, ________ his notebook and began to write.
　 A. took away　　B. took down　　 C. took off　　　D. took out
（ ）13. I _________ him to call you as soon as he _________.
　 A. ask, comes　　　　　　　　　　 B. ask, will come
　 C. will ask, comes　　　　　　　 D. will ask, will come
（ ）14. --Must I fix the tape now
--No, you ________. You may do it later.
A. shouldn't B. mustn't C. needn't D. can’ t
（ ）15. _________ the time I got the cinema , the film had already begun.
A. In B. Before C. By D. During
（ ）16.I don’t feel like _________ just now.
A. to study B. study C. studying D. studied
（ ）17.Of all the four dresses, which do you think is ________
　 A. most beautiful　　　　　　　　 B. the most beautiful
　 C. more beautiful　　　　　　　 　D. the more beautiful
（ ）18. Her mother is ill ,so she is going to _________ her in the hospital.
A. look for B. look after C. look on D. look at
（ ）19. —________ bad weather！
—Yes，and it will last 　　　　．
A. What a；two days B. How；for two days
C. What；two days D. How；two days long
（ ）20. —Lucy didn't come to the office yesterday，did she？
—_________，though she was not feeling very well．
A．Yes，she did B．No，she didn't
C．Yes，she didn't D．No，she did
Ⅱ、Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子)（共6分）
1.His grandma is ________ person among those old ladies. (health)
2.What’s wrong with you You often look ________. (sleep)
3.To the doctor’s surprise, the patient’s eyes were ________ open. (wide)
4.Today our life is full of ________. (happy)
5.I can say he found it ________. (accident)
6.He said the whole story from ________. (memory)
Ⅲ、Rewrite the sentences as required.(按要求改写句子，每空格限填一词)（共10分）
1.Tom’s grandfather died 10 years ago. (保持句意不变)
Tom’s grandfather has been ________ ________ 10 years.
2.He goes to visit his grandparents twice a week. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ does he go to visit his grandparents
3.Your dormitory is very bright. (改为感叹句)
________ ________ your dormitory is!
4.He told us nothing about America yesterday. (改为反意疑问句)
He told us nothing about America yesterday, ________ ________
5.Tom said:‘ I will go to the park tomorrow.’ (改为宾语从句)
Tom said ________ ________ go to the park tomorrow.
语法与词汇（10）
Ⅰ、Choose the best answer.(选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示填入括号内) （共20分）
（ ）1.There is _________ ATM ( Automatic Teller Machine ) on each side of the rode.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
（ ）2. --Would you like a cup of coffee？
--Oh，yes，please．I'd love ________ ．
A．it B．one C．any D．something
（ ）3. The apples on that tree ______ big and nice.
A. is B. are C. have been D. looks
（ ）4. Mrs White often by things _________ sale.
A. at B. on C. in D. for
（ ）5. --Jim ，why are you late again
--Sorry , Mr Smith. I _________ too much this morning．
A．slept B．sleep C．have slept D．am sleeping
（ ）6. When winter comes , _______ gets colder and colder.
A .the day B .days C. it D. its
（ ）7. People ______ go to the markets to buy live chickens to cook, but now they have to change that habit.
A. use to B. used to C. are using to D. are used to
（ ）8. _____ the population of the China
A. What number is B. How much is
C. What is D. How many are
（ ）9. It’s a long time ________ we met last.
A．so B．before C．after D．since
（ ）10. The passage is too hard for us to understand _________ it's very short and there are no new words in it．
A．so B．though C．because D．and
（ ）11. The teacher told the students that light faster than sound.
A. traveled B. have traveled
C. to travel D. travels
（ ）12. The travelers arrived _______ the country _______ a rainy day .
A. in, on B .at ,in C. in , in D. at ,on
（ ）13. We should make a contribution to _______ our country stronger .
A. make B. makes C. making D. made
（ ）14.Our team is so stronger that we'll _______them in the match．
A．beat B．play against C．fight D．win
（ ）15. We got lost in the forest. But we didn’t know ________.
A. what to do B. .when to do C how to do D. where to do
（ ）16. It’s the house _________ I was born.
A .that B .where C .which D .when
（ ）17. You'd better ______ in bed. It's not good for your eyes.
A. don't read B. not read C. not to read D. to not read
（ ）18. Oh! I forgot to bring my paper again. I _______ it at home .
A. left B. forgot C. put D. lost
（ ）19. There must be something wrong with my TV set , the picture ________ come out．
A．doesn't B．hasn't C． can't D．won't
（ ）20. Kids should be told _____ to get _____ well with _____.
A. how; on; others B. what; on; another
C. how; in; the other D. what; out; any others
Ⅱ、Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子)（共6分）
1.The weather is ________ at the South Pole. (change)
2.Most ________ has three states: solid, liquid and vapor.
3.There is an ________ mistakes in Tim’s paper. (correct)
4.At the turn of seasons we can find many clothes on ________. (sell)
5.His ________ cost his life. (care)
6.Many people in my company gave me their ________ address. (person)
Ⅲ、Rewrite the sentences as required.(按要求改写句子，每空格限填一词)（共10分）
1.He wasn’t able to pass the exam. (保持句意不变)
He ________ ________ pass the exam.
2.Li Ming didn’t go to school because he was ill. (改为简单句)
Li Ming didn’t go to school because ________ his ________.
3.He could run one thousand meters in 4 minutes. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ could he run in 4 minutes
4.If you eat more, you will be fatter and fatter. (保持句意不变)
The ________ you eat, the ________ you will be.
5.Will you please read it again more carefully (改为祈使句)
________ ________ again more carefully, please.
语法与词汇（1）
I、
1.D 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.C 7.D 8.A 9.B 10.D
11.B 12.A 13.D 14.C 15.D 16.C 17.D 18.A 19.A 20.A
II、
1.kindness 2.clear 3.freezing 4.beginning 5.pleasure 6.interesting
III、
1.know, heavy 2.How, much 3.better, than 4.What. lose 5.How, beautiful
语法与词汇（2）
I、
1.A 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.A 8.B 9.A 10.B
11.C 12.C 13.D 14.D 15.B 16.B 17.D 18.C 19.A 20.B
II、
1.unusual 2.third 3.serve 4.expense 5.certain 6.Honesty
III、
1.spent, building 2.if, freezes 3.tall, enough 4.Nobody, was 5.instead, of
语法与词汇（3）
I、
1.C 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.B 8.B 9.B 10.C
11.A 12.C 13.B 14.C 15.C 16.A 17.B 18.B 19.A 20.D
II、
1.healthy 2.medical 3.angrily 4.frozen 5.scientists 6.incorrect
III、
1.as, well 2.didn’t, he 3.an, with 4.what, try 5.Did, spend
语法与词汇（4）
I、
1.B 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.A 6.A 7.C 8.D 9.C 10.D
11.C 12.D 13.A 14.D 15.A 16.B 17.A 18.C 19.C 20.A
II、
1.polluted 2.gerself 3.more changeable 4.necessary 5.uncorrected 6.pleasure
III、
1.didn’t, write 2.What, for 3.These, horses 4.whether, would 5.do, plant
语法与词汇（5）
I、
1.B 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.A 6.A 7.A 8.A 9.D 10.B
11.D 12.D 13.C 14.A 15.D 16.D 17.C 18.D 19.A 20.B
II、
1.twice 2.careless 3.importance 4.announcer’s 5.waitress 6.width
III、
1.was, by 2.parents, both 3.turned, off 4.Which, book 5.kept, waiting
语法与词汇（6）
I、
1.C 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.C 6.A 7.C 8.D 9.C 10.C
11.D 12.A 13.B 14.B 15.B 16.A 17.C 18.C 19.C 20.C
II、
1.messenger 2.decision 3.yourselves 4.woolen 5.relaxation 6.nearly
III、
1.None, can 2.too, anyone 3.How, soon 4.whether, have 5.much, does
语法与词汇（7）
I、
1.C 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.B 6.D 7.C 8.C 9.C 10.A
11.D 12.B 13.B 14.C 15.B 16.B 17.C 18.C 19.A 20.A
II、
1.healthy 2.north 3.winner 4.death 5.imagination 6.frozen
III、
1.What, did 2.were, chosen 3.if, had 4.didn’t, they 5.How, far
语法与词汇（8）
I、
1.A 2.B 3.D 4.D 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.B 10.B
11.A 12.A 13.C 14.B 15.B` 16.A 17.B 18.C 19.A 20.B
II、
1.incorrected 2.farther 3.thankful 4.affect 5.had been sold 6. asleep
III、
1.isn’t, he 2.make, mistakes 3.both, and 4.hadn’t, passed 5.has, been
语法与词汇（9）
I、
1.B 2.D 3.D 4.D 5.B 6.A 7.A 8.D 9.D 10.B
11.A 12.D 13.D 14.C 15.C 16.C 17.B 18.B 19.C 20.A
II、
1.the healthiest 2.sleepy 3.widely 4.happiness 5.accidently 6.memorize
III、
1.away, for 2.How, often 3.How, bright 4.didn’t, he 5.he, would
语法与词汇（10）
I、
1.B 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.C 9.D 10.B
11.D 12.D 13.C 14.A 15.A 16.B 17.B 18.C 19.A 20.A
II、
1.changeable 2.matter 3.uncorrected 4.sale 5.carelessness 6.personal
III、
1.failed, to 2.of,illness 3.How, far 4.more, fatter 5.Please, read
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中考英语词汇与语法满分快车道书稿
第一章 名词
根据词的意义、形态特征及其在句子中的作用，将词分为若干类，叫做词类。英语的词
通常分为10类。其中名词、代词、形容词、副词、数词、动词为实词，冠词、介词、连词和感叹词为虚词。
英语名称 缩写形式 汉语名称 意义 例词
Noun n. 名词 表示人、事物或地点的名称 Alice, boybook, car
Article art. 冠词 用在名词前，帮助说明其所指对象 a（an）, the
Pronoun pron. 代词 代替名词、数词等 this, that, I, itmy, your
Adjective a.或adj. 形容词 表示人或事物的性质或特征 blue, big, beautiful
Numeral num. 数词 表示数量或顺序 first, three
Verb v. 动词 表示动作或状态 be, have, go
Adverb ad.或adv. 副词 表示动作的特征 often, usually
Preposition prep. 介词 表示名词，代词等和其他词之间的关系 in, on, at
Conjunction conj. 连词 连接词与词、短语与短语或句与句 and, but
Interjection int.或interj. 感叹词 表示说话时的喜悦，惊讶等情感或语气 oh, hello
英语名词（Noun）可以从形式上进行分类，英语名词可以划分成专有名词和普通名词两大类。从意义上划分，英语名词可分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词四类。
一般来说，个体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词（Countable Nouns）。物质名词、抽象名词和专有名词无法用数目来计算，称为不可数名词（Uncountable Nouns）。集合名词有的可数，有的不可数。
一、普通名词
普通名词指一类人或事物的名称。英语中普通名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。
可数名词一般有单、复数两种形式。如a/one child，ten children。而不可数名词一般只有一种形式。如cash（现金）。不可数名词之前不可直接用泛指限定词和数词。不可数名词可与some一起用。如：some money，some water。也可与the一起用：the information（这信息）。
（一）可数名词及其复数形式
（1）可数名词的复数形式一般由词尾加-s或-es构成，其规则见下表：
类 别 构 成 法 读 音 例 词
一般情况 加-s 在清辅音后读/s/ maps, books
在浊辅音及元音后读/z/ cars, photos
在/t/后读/ts/ cats, students
在/d/后读/dz/ beds, guards
在/d /后读/iz/ bridges, ages
以字母s, x, ch, sh 结尾的词 加-es 在/s/, /z/, / /,/t /后读/iz/ classes, brushes
以辅音字母+y结尾的词 将y改成i,加-es /z/ factories, stories
以字母o结尾的词 一般加-es /z/ potatoes, tomatoes
少数外来词或缩略词加-s /z/ radios, pianos
以字母f或fe结尾的词 一般加-s /s/ roofs, chiefs
少数将f, fe, 改为-ves /z/ shelves, knives
有些加-s或改为-ves均可 /s/或/z/ scarfs/scarves
（2）可数名词复数形式的不规则构成法
英语中有一部分名词由于历史或词源原因其复数形式的构成法是不规则的。这种情况主要有：
①元音字母变化。例如：
foot-fleet man-men . woman-women
tooth-teeth goose-geese mouse-mice
②结尾为-en。例如：
child-children
③单复数同形。
单复数同形的名词主要有：sheep, fish, Chinese, deer等。
④只有复数形式。例如：
trousers, goods 等。
（二）可数名词和不可数名词
英语中的绝大多数名词既可以用作可数名词也可以用作不可数名词。
1．可数名词
可数名词一般可以分成以下三类：
第一类：如bike，desk， factory等，这类名词占可数名词的多数。以bike为例：
There are fifty bikes at this shop．这家商店有50辆自行车。
第二类：如clothes等，本身表示复数形式。以clothes为例：
She cares for nice clothes．她爱好穿着。
2．不可数名词
不可数名词的用法特征主要有以下几种：
（1）不带冠词的单数形式需用动词单数作谓语。例如：
Knowledge is power．知识就是力量。
（2）由much，little等词修饰。例如：
They have saved much money for future use．他们存了很多钱以备未来使用。
（3）与表示单位的量词如a piece of等连用。例如：
Go and fetch me a piece of chalk．给我去拿一支粉笔。
要十分注意的是：不可数名词不能与不定冠词或数词直接用在一起。如不能说a good news, an advice, a hard work等。
不可数名词可以与量词使用构成不同的词组：
如： a piece of paper 一张纸 a drop of water 一滴水
a 1oaf of bread 一条面包 a bag of money 一袋钱
a bottle of milk 一瓶牛奶 a pair of shoes 一双鞋
二、专有名词
专有名词用来指具体的人、地点、日子或物体的专有名称。其特点是：第一个字母大写，通常不与冠词连用，无复数形式。
（一）人名
英美人的姓名与中国人的恰恰相反，姓在后面，名在前面，姓名前通常不用冠词。例如：
Mary Smith；George Washington。
（1）一般熟人间通常用名称呼。例如：
How’s John getting on 约翰近来好吗？
（2）在不熟悉人之间或表示礼貌时，常把姓和称谓连用。例如：
Would you please tell John Smith to come to the office 请你告诉约翰·史密斯到办公室来一次好吗
（3）姓氏复数前加定冠词可表示全家人。例如：
The Turners have gone to America．特纳一家人去美国了。
（二）地名
（1）大部分单数形式的地名不用定冠词。例如：
Asia；America；China； London；Shanghai
（2）大部分单数形式的湖、岛、山名前不加定冠词。例如：．
Silver Lake；Mount Tai
（3）山脉、群岛、海洋、河流、运河、海湾、海峡、半岛、沙漠名前一般加定冠词。例如：
the Pacific；the English Channel；the Sahara
（三）日期名
（1）节日名前通常不用冠词。例如：
Christmas；National Day
（2）星期名前通常不用冠词。例如：
Sunday；Tuesday
（3）月份名前通常不用冠词。例如：
April；December
三、名词所有格
名词所有格是指一个名词与另一个名词之间存在所有关系时所用的形式。其构成有两种：一种是由名词末尾加’s构成；另一种由介词of加名词构成。前者多用来表示有生命的东西；后者多用来表示无生命的东西。例如：
Children’s Palace 少年宫
Tom’s bike 汤姆的自行车
the title of the book 书名
the legs of the table 桌子的腿
（一）所有格形式的构成
（1）单数名词后加’s，其读音与名词复数结尾的读音相同。例如：
the girl’s father 女孩的父亲
（2）以s结尾的复数名词后加’。例如：
two hours’ walk 两个小时的步行
（3）不以s结尾的复数名词后加’s。例如：
the children’s holiday 孩子们的节日
（4）以s结尾的人名，可以加’s，也可加’号。例如：
Thomas’s brother 托马斯的兄弟
Charles’s job 查尔斯的工作
（5）表示各自的所有关系，不是共有的，则要分别在名词末尾加’s，如：
John’s and Mary’s rooms 约翰和玛丽各人的房间
若表示共有的，则在最后一个名词的末尾加’s，如：
John and Mary’s room 约翰和玛丽合住的房间
（二）’s所有格的用法
’s所有格常表示有生命的东西，但也可表示无生命的东西。例如：
（1）表示时间：
today’s newspaper 今天的报纸
（2）表示自然现象：
the moon’s rays 月光
（3）表示国家、城市机构：
……..Shanghai’s industry 上海的工业
（4）表示度量衡及价值：
..twenty dollars’ value 20美元的价值
..five miles’ distance 5英里的距离
（三）’s所有格所表示的关系
1．表示所有关系
可分为可分割的所有关系和不可分割的所有关系。可分割的所有关系通常指身外之物，一般不可用of表示。例如：
John’s pen（John has a pen）约翰的钢笔
不可说：a pen of John
但不可分割的所有关系，指自身拥有的不可分割的东西可用’s也可用of表示。例如：
Mary’s hands（Mary has two hands）玛丽的手
可以说：the hands of Mary
2．表示主谓关系
the doctor’s advice（The doctor advised）医生的建议
his mother’s request（His mother requested）他母亲的请求
3．表示动宾关系
Tom’s failure 汤姆的失败
children’s education 年轻一代的教育
4．表示同位语关系（通常用of表示）
the city of Rome罗马城
the city of Pairs巴黎城
第二节 实战演练
一、例题选讲
例1 There are in this river．
A． a great deal of fish B． a great number of fish
C． a great amount of fish D． huge amounts of fish
答案： B
提示： 根据题意应填入许多鱼，而fish是单复数同形的可数名词，如果要表示各种各样的鱼可以用fishes表示。fish解释为鱼肉是不可数名词。本句表示河里有许多鱼，只有a great number of修饰可数名词。
例2 He has done many .
A． work B． job
C． works D． jobs
答案： D
提示： job是可数名词，在many后应填复数名词。work作为“工作”是一个不可数名词。
例3 father is a doctor.
A． The twin’s B． The twins’
C． The twin D． Twin’s
答案： B
提示： 名词复数的所有格形式只需在词尾加“’”，不能再加“-s’”。
例4 I take violin from Mr. Wang at school everyday.
A． lesson B． lessons
C． class D． course
答案： B
提示： 在英语中有些名词常以复数形式出现，Lessons表示课程。
例5 There on the wall, they are very nice.
A． are photos B． are photoes
C． is a photo D． is photo
答案： A
提示： photo的复数形式是加-s。
例6 The police searching for a tall man with long hair.
A． is B． has been
C． had been D． are
答案： D
提示： police代表整体，谓语要用复数。
二、复习时需要注意的要点
（1）有些名词形式像复数，但含义是单数，而有些名词是没有单数形式的，应注意谓语动词的选用。例如：
a．Maths is the language of science．
b．No news is good news．
c．The Chinese people are a great people．
（2）在“there be”的句子中，谓语动词的数应和它最近的主语的数相一致．例如：
a．There are two pictures on the wall．
b．There is a cat and two dogs in the garden．
（3）使用不定代词时要注意范围，两者之中用both，either，neither，each等，在三者或三者以上之中用all，any，none，every等词。例如：
a．Both of his parents are teachers．
b．Neither of the students wants to do such a lot of homework．
c．Each side of the street is quite clean．
（4）不定代词some一般用于肯定句，any用于否定与疑问句，但在if条件句中用any，
在表示“给予”的句式中，问旬中用some。例如：
a．Would you like to have some more coffee
b．If you have any questions，pleas come and ask me．
（5）有些不定代词常成对使用。例如：
one…another（一个…，另一个），用于三者或三者以上
one…after another（一个接着一个）
some…others（有些…，有些…）
one…the other（一个…，另一个），仅用于两者间
some…the others（一些…，其余…），仅用于限定范围内
a．I have three uncles, one is a teacher, the other two are workers.
b．The students entered the hall one after another.
第三节 巩固练习
1．选择正确答案
（1）We went to Dr. Brown's yesterday. He gave us_____.
A. some advice B. advices
C. an advice D. some advices
（2）What _____ they've got! No wonder they are very happy.
A. a good news B. quite a few news
C. good news D. little news
（3）Much _____ to fight against pollution.
A. have been done B. has been done
C. had been done D. has done
（4）What _____! Let's go swimming.
A. a fine weather B. fine day
C. a fine day D. bad weather
（5）You have made ______. You should be more careful.
A. a lot of mistake B. a great deal of mistakes
C. a large number of mistakes D. few mistakes
（6）Before we moved into the new house, we bought many _____
A. furnitures B. furniture
C. pieces of furniture D. pieces of furnitures
（7）The bookshelf over there is_________.
A. Mary’s and Jane’s B. Mary’s and Jane
C. Mary and Jane’s D. Mary and Jane
（8）We saw the guest off at ______ yesterday..
A. The Shanghai’s Railway Station. B. The Shanghai Railway Station.
C. Shanghai Railway Station. D. The Railway Station of Beijing Railway
（9）They had a good time at the _____ Palace.
A. children B. Children’s
C. Children D. Childrens’
（10）Xiao Li was ____ in my boyhood.
A. my close friend B. mine a close friend
C. a close friend of mine D. a close friend of me
（11）These are ____ from other presses . They are having a meeting in one of the ___ office .
A. editor- in-chiefs , editor’s-in-chief B. editors –in –chief , editors-in-chief’s
C. editors –in-chief’s , editor’s –in-chief’s D. editor-in-chief’s , editors –in-chief
（12）There are five ____ in our class.
A. Zhang’s B. Zhangs’
C. Zhangs D. The Zhangs
（13）How far is your school
A. twenty - five minutes walk B. the walk of twenty-five minutes
C. twenty-five minutes walks D. twenty-five minutes’ walk
（14）-What’s the distance from here to the station - It’s __________from here.
A. two kilometre distance B. two kilometres’ distance
C. distance of two kilometers D. distance of two kilometres’
（15) We’re going to have __________next month.
A. two day’ holiday B. two day holiday
C. two days holiday D. two days’ holiday
（16）Who’s a cousin
A. Uncle or aunt’s son B. Uncle or aunt’s daughter
C. Uncle or aunt’s child D. Uncle or aunt’s brother or sister
（17） She always wears beautiful _____.
A. clothes B. cloth
C. dress D. clothings
（18）Will you have a little ______
A. more fishes B. more fish
C. much fishes D. fishes
（19）There _____ in my class. Which of them do you want to see
A. is John B. are three Johns
C. are the John's D. is the John
（20）Twenty dollors ____ what he needs
A. was B. were
C. is D. has been
（21）The United Nations ____ a resolution
A. has past B. has passed
C. have passed D. has through
（22）The Arabian Nights ____ a very interesting storybook
A. is B. are
C. has been D. had been
（23）The New York Times ____ a wide circulation
A. is B. has
C. are D. have
（24）Mathematics_____ a very important subject.
A. are B. is
C. were D. was
（25）His mathematics ____ weak
A. is B. seems
C. was D. are
（26）An iron works _____ now.
A. is being built B. are being built
C. has built D. had been built
（27）Every means _____ tried to improve teaching and learning
A. has B. has been
C. have D. were
（28）The police _____ searching for a tall dark man with long hair.
A. is B. has been
C. are D. had been
（29）One of his fingers was wounded. What about _____.
A. the other B. another
C. others D. the others
（30）There’s an English book in _____ of his hands, and he also has a dictionary in his _____ hand.
A. one, other B. one, another
C. one, the other D. another, second
II 下列各句A,B,C,D中有一处是错误的，请指出并改正。
（ ）1 The doctor checked Li Ying and Wang Ping’s eyes carefully, and found
A
there was something wrong with Li Ying’s eye.
B C D
( ) 2 At the birthday party I met some friends of my cousin and they
A B
were all my primary school students of my own age.
C D
( ) 3. Mr.Smith parked his car in front of the doctor and found there were
A B C
already several patients there.
D
( ) 4. Li Hong came back to school after absence of a week, she looked
A B
much better than before.
C D
( ) 5. The Science Museum is not far away. It’s only an hour’s and a
A B
half walk .Let’s go there on foot.
C D
III．选择适当的量词，填入各词组的空格，再译成汉语：
sheet, block , party, piece, loaf, bar, cake, suit, article, heap, drop, tube, length, bunch
1. a ________ of fire 2. a _____of advice 3. a ________ of blood
4. a ________ of bread 5. a ______of ice
6. a ________ of chocolates 7. a ________ of rubbish 8. a _______of clothes 9. a ______ of soap 10. an ________ of furniture
11. a ________ of soldiers 12. a _________ of bananas
13. a ________ of pipe 14. a _______ of toothpaste
IV.把括号内汉语译成英语。（词数不限）
1. __________ ( 空气) in cities is getting fresher and cleaner.
2. __________ ( 面粉 ) ___________(用来 ) to make all kinds of bread, cake and other food.
3. ______________,(两份冰淇淋 ) please.
4. ________ (咖啡 ) is people’s popular drink.
5. ____________ ( 我家的人 ) fond of music.
6. His trousers ______ （是）worn, he wants to buy _________. (一条新裤子 )
7. ________ ( 健康是) better than wealth.(财富 )。
8. _________ (胜利的消息 ) often ______ (使。。。兴奋 ) us.
答案
第1章 名词
I、
1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.C 6.C 7.C 8.C 9.B 10.C
11.B 12.C 13.D 14.B 15.D 16.A 17.D 18.C 19.A 20.B
21.B 22.C 23.B 24.A 25.A 26.B 27.B 28.A 29.B 30.A
II、
1. A Li Ying’s and Wang Ping’s 2. C my cousin’s
3. B the doctor’s 4. B a week’s absence
5. B an hour and a half’s walk 作为I个整体的词组，I般在最后I个名词加 ’s.
III、
1. sheet I片火海 2. piece I条建议案 3. drop I滴血管 4. loaf I只面包车 5. block I块冰 6. bar I块巧克力 7. heap I堆垃圾 8. suit I套衣服 9. cake I块肥皂 10. article I件家具 11. party I班士兵 12. bunch I串香蕉 13. length I节管子 14. tube I管牙膏
IV、
1. The air 2. Flour 3.ice creams 4. Coffee 5. My family are
6. are, a pair of new trousers 7. Health is 8. News of victories , excites
确定范围
不确定范围
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中考英语词汇与语法满分快车道书稿
第十三章 状语从句
在复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词和副词的从句叫状语从句
第一节 知识点概述
状语从句的用法
状语从句根据它表达的意思不同可分为时间状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句、比较状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句和让步状语从句。状语从句如果放在主句前通常用逗号分开。
1． 时间状语从句
由连接词when、while、before、after、since、until(till) 、as soon as、as等引导
例如：(1)It was raining heavily when I left school yesterday.
(2)I haven’t seen him since he left school.
(3)It is three years since his brother joined the army.
2．条件状语从句
由连接词if或unless引导。如果主句用一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时。
例如：I will tell him the news if he comes back.
3．比较状语从句
由连接词as…as、than、the…the…等引导。
例如：(1)I am as tall as he (is).
(2)The Yellow River is not as long as the Chang Jiang River.
(3)He works much harder than I (do).
(4)The more you study, the more you will know.
4．目的状语从句
由so that…或so…that引导。
例如：He got up early so that he could catch the early bus.
5．结果状语从句
由so that…或so…that引导。
例如：(1)I got up late, so I was late for school.
(2)It is such a hot day that none of us want to take a walk outside.
6．让步状语从句
由连接词though或although引导。但要注意用了though就不能用but。
例如：Though he is old, he still studies English hard.
第二节 实战演练
一、例题选讲
例1 He ________ the exam if he ________ harder.
A． passes…works B． will pass…works
C． will pass…will work D． passes…will work
答案： B
提示： 在英语中，if既能够引导宾语从句，又能够引导状语从句。但要注意主句中的谓语是及物还是不及物动词。此句中pass the exam已经明确表示有宾语，if就是引导状语，主句用一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时。
例2 While she ________ (watch) TV, the bell _________ (ring).
答案： was watching,rang
提示： 由while引导的时间状语从句，强调的是正在进行看电视这个动作，门铃响了这动作也发生了，因此从句用进行时态，主句用一般过去时。
二、复习时需要注意的要点
（1） 当整句句子处于过去时的情况下，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。
（2） 当整句句子处于将来时的情况下，总是主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。
（3） 由when引导的时间状语从句，句子处于将来时的情况下，与所有的时间状语从句一样，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。
例如：I am going to be a doctor when I grow up
（4） 整句句子处于将来时的情况下，且两个动作同时进行，则持续的那个动作用过去进行时，瞬间的那个动作用一般过去时。
例如：I met my English teacher when I was walking in the street.
（5） 像He turned on TV set at once when he got home，整句句子处于过去时的情况下，且两个动作先后发生，when=after，则时态与after一致，主句从句都用一般过去时。
（6） 像The class had already begun when I entered the classroom.整句句子处于过去时的情况下，且两个动作先后发生，但这里的when=before，则时态与before一致，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。
第三节 巩固练习
Ⅰ.选择填空：
1. The man can’t get on the bus because there ________ no room on it.
A. was B. is
C. are D. were
2. I was listening to the music ________ there was a knock at the door.
A. while B. when
C. because D. until
3. You may leave the classroom when you ________ writing.
A. will finish B. are finishing
C. have finished D. had finished
4. I don’t know if he ________ tomorrow, if he _________ ,I’ll meet him.
A. will come, comes B. comes, comes
C. will come, will come D. come, will come
5. ________ I read, the more I understand.
A. The more B. So much
C. How much D. For all
6. Would you give Johnny this letter if you ________ to see him this week.
A. will happen B. happen
C. are happened D. happened
7. She was busy, ________ she couldn’t go to your birthday party last night.
A. and B. so C. or D. but
8. English is ________ a useful language ________ it is spoken in many countries of the world.
A. so…that B. such…that
C. so…because D. such…because
9. You will not succeeded if you ________ harder.
A. will work B. won’t work
C. work D. don’t work
10.Write clearly ________ your teacher can understand you correctly.
A. since B. for C. because D. so that
11.________ he failed , he went on doing the experiment.
A. Even B. Yet C. Although D. in spite of
12.The light went out while we ________ supper.
A. had B. had had
C. were having D. would have
13.His brother has worked there ________ he left school.
A. when B. after C. since D. until
14.The boy didn’t stop talking ________ the second bell rang.
A. when B. until C. after D. because
15. ________ I came into the office, the teacher were having a meeting.
A. While B. When C. Once D. Since
16.I was about to leave my house ________ the telephone rang.
A. while B. as C. when D. since
17.It is at least ten years ________ these trees were planted.
A. when B. before C. since D. as soon as
18.He will come to call on you the moment he ________ his painting.
A. finished B. will finished C. has finished D. had finished
19.The teacher understands that ________ Maths had always been easy for him, it is not easy for the students.
A. since B. unless C. although D. when
20.He ran as fast as possible ________ he could reach school on time.
A. in order to B. so as to C. when D. so that
Ⅱ.用动词的适当形式填空：
1. It ________ (be) nearly two years since we went to the party last.
2. He is hungry, because he ________ (not have ) his breakfast yet.
3. When Tom’s mother came home, little Tom _______ (cry) loudly.
4. I ________ (not know) it until you ________ (tell) me.
5. They started as soon as they ______ (receive)my telephone.
6. He ________ (leave) as soon as he ________ (drink) his coffee.
7. Edison placed a big mirror behind the lamps so that the doctor ________ (operate).
8. He ________(be) better today than he ________ (be) yesterday.
9. I hope you ________ (be) happy while you ________ (be)here.
10. Whatever ________ (happen) , I ________ (be) on your side.
Ⅲ.把下列句子改成带有状语从句的复合句：
1． He didn’t come. He was ill. (because)
2． He is too young to join the army. (so……that)
3． He studies English hard. He is over seventy. (though)
4． We will stay at home. It rains. (if)
5． He was doing his homework. Someone knocked at the door. (when)
6． I waited. He came back. (not……until)
7． He is tall. I am tall. (as……as)
8． My mother was cooking. I was listening to the news. (while)
9． It was a hot day. We couldn’t sleep well. (such……that)
10. He came into the warm room. He took off his cap and sat down. (as soon as)
Ⅳ．完成下列句子：
1. He didn’t see the film yesterday ________________________________ (因为他忙于复习功课).
2. She has done a lot of good deeds _______________________________ (自从她入团以来).
3. The little girl stopped crying __________________________ (一看见她母亲).
4. The film is interesting _______________________ (以致每个人都想再看一遍).
5. When I came into the room, _________________________ (我父亲正在看书).
6. I will go out for a walk, ________________________ (如果明天不下雨).
7. Don’t ask me to repeat ________________________ (除非你真的不理解).
8. We will try to finish the work in time _____________________________ (尽管我们缺钱).
9. The quicker you work, __________________________ (这项任务就会完成得越早).
10. We left in such a hurry __________________________ (以致于忘了关灯).
答案
I、
1.B 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.A 6.B 7.B 8.B 9.C 10.D
11.C 12.C 13.C 14.B 15.B 16.C 17.C 18.C 19.C 20.D
II、
1.is 2.has not had
3.was crying 4.didn’t know, had told
5.received 6.left, drank
7.would operate 8.is, was
9.will be, are 10.happens, will be
III、
1. He didn’t come because he was ill.
2. He is so young that he can’t join the army.
3. Though he is over seventy, he studies English hard.
4. We will stay at home if it rains.
5. He was doing his homework when someone knocked at the door.
6. I didn’t leave until he came back.
7. He is as tall as I (am)
8. My mother was cooking while I was listening to the news.
9. It was such a hot day that we couldn’t sleep well.
10. He took off his cap and sat down as soon as he came into the warm room.
IV、
1. because he was busy going over his lessons.
2. since he joined the league.
3. as soon as she saw her mother.
4. so that everyone wants to see it again.
5. my father was reading a book.
6. if it doesn’t rain.
7. unless you really don’t understand.
8. although we are short of money.
9. the sooner we’ll finish the task.
10. that we forgot to turn off the light.
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第十一章 动词不定式
动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”，有时可以不带to。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语。（但可以担任除谓语外的任何成分——主语、表语、宾语、状语和宾语补足语。）动词不定式仍保留动词的特点，即它可以有自己的宾语和状语。动词不定式和它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语。
第一节 知识点概述
一、动词不定式的特征及用法
1.动词不定式的构成及特征
动词不定式是一种非限定动词to “to +动词原形”构成动词不定式也是一种非谓语形式，在句子中不能作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，它具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。
2.动词不定式的用法
动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句子中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语和状语。
1. 作主语
例如：To learn English well is not easy.
或 It is not easy to learn English well.
动词不定式作主语时，往往用it作形式主语，这种句型可归纳为下面的句型：
It is + adj.+ 动词不定式
如果要说明不定式表示的动作执行者，可以用for
It is + adj.+ for sb. To do sth.
2. 作表语
My wish is to become a teacher.
3. 作宾语
Most of us like to watch football matches.
4. 作宾语补足语
He told me to be here on time.
5. 作定语
I have nothing to say about that thing.
6. 作状语
He stopped to have a look.
3.动词不定式的否定形式
动词不定式的否定形式not + to + 动词原形构成
例如： He asked me not to make such a mistake.
4.动词不定式与疑问词连用
疑问词who, what, which和疑问副词when, where, how, why等后面可以按动词不定式，构成动词不定式短语，可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。
例如：(1) He doesn’t know how to use the machine.
（不定式作宾语）
(2) How to use the machine is a question.
（不定式作主语）
(3) The question is when to go there.
（不定式作表语）
二、动词不定式的时态和被动形式
动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，有不定式符号(to)加动词原形构成。不定式的形式有五种：
1． 一般式to do
例如：I like to read English.
2． 进行式to be doing
例如：He seems to be reading something at that time.
3． 完成式to have done
例如：He seemed to have cleaned the room.
4． 被动式to be done
例如：The work is to be done soon.
5． 完成的被动式to have been done
例如：The boy is said to have been sent to hospital yesterday.
第二节 实战演练
一、例题选讲
例1 ________ is one thing, ________ is quite another.
A． To say, to do B． Say, do
C． Said, did D． To say, do
答案： A
提示： 用动词不定式作主语。
例2 I’ll try ________ the same mistakes again.
A． to not make B． not make
C． not to make D． not making
答案： C
提示： 动词不定式的否定形式为not to + 动词原形 “try not to do sth.”意思为“尽力不做某事”。
例3 It’s too hard ________ it by himself.
A． not to do B． to do
C． that I do D． doing
答案： B
提示： “too … to”是太 …… 而不能的意思。
例4 I have nothing ___________ (send) you.
答案： to send
提示： 不定式短语to send you在这里做定语修饰nothing
例5 They were made ___________ (work) ten hours a day.
答案： to work
提示： 在主动语态中make要跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，但在被动语态中make后的不定式须带to
例6 No one knows what ___________ (do) next.
答案： to do
提示： 动词不定式和疑问词连用，构成动词不定式短语，在句中作宾语。
二、复习时需要注意的要点
1．动词不定式一般式表示的动作可能与谓语动词的动作同时发生,也可能在其之后发生。例如： saw the young man enter the house.（同时发生）
I hope to go there next time.（之后发生）
2．不定式完成式表示不定式的动作在位于动词之前发生。
例如：I’m sorry to have broken your glasses.
3．不定式进行式表示不定式的动作已在进行，与谓语动词同时发生。
例如：When he came in, I happened to be reading at the table.
4．不定式的被动式有两种形式：to be done表示将要被做，to have been done表示已被做。
例如：The new cinema to be put up next year will be very large.
The cinema is said to have been built last year.
第三节 巩固练习
Ⅰ.划出下列动词不定式部分并指出在句中的作用。
1. It is not easy to learn English well.
2. He came to ask a question.
3. He wishes to be a doctor.
4. John likes to go to the cinema once a week.
5. The students are trying to make fast progress.
6. She asked her guests to have some tea.
7. Mother asked me to take my umbrella with me.
8. He had an important meeting to attend.
9. It was too difficult for them to work out the problem.
10. His job at the moment is to organize the school sports meeting.
11. This is a good way to learn English.
12. In order to know more about the workers’ life in England, Marx worked hard at English.
Ⅱ.用括号中的动词适当形式填空
1.We are so glad ________ (hear) the news.
2.I saw him ________ (cross) the road safely and ________ (run) away.
3.You can’t make him ________ (do) what you want.
4.I don’t know where ________ (meet) him.
5.What makes you ________ (think) I’m a farmer
6.Did you see him ________ (go) upstairs
7.It is better ________ (put) your money in a bank.
8.It is difficult for the boy ________ (swim) across the river.
9.I let him ________ (go) early as he wanted ________ (meet) his uncle at the station.
10.Will you help me ________ (move) the bed
11.If he doesn’t know, how ________ (use) the recorder, you’d better ________ (show) him.
12.He is the last one ________ (leave) the office every day.
13.It’s bad manners ________ (shout) in public.
14.The boy is old enough ________ (dress) himself.
15.She is too ill ________ (go) to school.
Ⅲ.选择填空
1.Please remember ________ the door before you leave the room.
A. lock B. locking
C. to lock D. locked
2.The police told the boys ________ on the road.
A. don’t play football B. not to play football
C. not playing football D. don’t to play football
3.The girl is often heard ________ in next room.
A. sing B. to sing
C. sang D. singing
4.He knows ________.
A. what do next B. what to do next
C. what to do it next D. what to do the next
5.He didn’t know ________.
A. how get there B. how to get there
C. where to get there D. when get there
6.We didn’t stop ________ until we reached the end.
A. having a rest B. to have a rest
C. to having a rest D. have a rest
7.It’s not easy for me ________ the work.
A. finishing B. to finishing
C. to finish D. finished
8.Please tell me ________.
A. to choose which B. which to choose
C. which choose the one D. choose to which
9.The traveler was seen ________ a horse.
A. fell from B. fall from
C. felling from D. to fall from
10.We are going to have her ________ with Aunt Wang.
A. to live B. living
C. live D. lived
11.Please give the child a pen ________.
A. to write by B. to write for
C. to write with D. write with
12.The teacher expected all his students ________ harder.
A. studying B. to study
C. studied D. study
13.It is necessary ________ various kinds of food every day.
A. of us to ear B. for us eat
C. of us eat D. for us to eat
14.I would like ________ your new bicycle.
A. to see B. seeing
C. see D. saw
15.It is very hot here. Would you mind ________ the window
A. to open B. opening
C. open D. to opening
Ⅳ.用不定式完成下列句子
1.Have you decided ________（怎样度假）.
2.It is dangerous ________（玩火）.
3.She was the first woman ________（环球飞行的）.
4.The boy was made ________（重复他自己的故事）.
5.The old lady looked at the children ________（穿过马路）.
6.It took me much time ________（算出这些难题）yesterday.
7.The boss made the workers ________（一天工作十小时）.
8.I don’t know ________（在会上说什么）.
9.Can you tell me ________（在哪里能买到这本书）
10.________（在何时何地召开这会议）hasn’t been decided.
答案
I、
1. to learn English well 主语
2. to ask a question 状语
3. to be a doctor 宾语
4. to go to the cinema 宾语
5. to make fast progress 宾语
6. to have some tea 宾补
7. to take my umbrella 宾补
8. to attend 定语
9. to work out the problem 主语
10. to organize the school sports meeting 表语
11. to learn English 主语
12. to know more about the workers’ life in England 状语
II、
1.to hear 2.cross, run 3.do 4.to meet 5.think
6.go 7.to put 8.to swim 9.go, to meet 10.(to) meet
11.to use, show 12.to leave 13.to shout 14.to dress 15.to go
III、
1.C 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.B 6.B 7.C 8.B 9.D 10.C
11.C 12.A 13.D 14.A 15.B
IV、
1. how to spend your holiday
2. to play with fire
3. to fly around the earth
4. to report his own story
5. to cross the road
6. to work out these difficult problems
7. work ten hours every day
8. what to say at the meeting
9. where to buy this book
10. When and where to hold the meeting
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第十四章 宾语从句
宾语从句是一个从句在句子中作宾语，是名词性从句中的一种。
第一节 知识点概述
一、宾语从句连接词的三种表现形式
1． that引导，说明该从句是一个陈述句。that只有语法上的作用，没有实际意义，that在口语中往往省略。
例如：I believe (that) he will come in two days.
I didn’t know (that) he had finished the work.
2． 连接代词或连接副词引导，说明该从句是一个特殊问句，并且这些连接代词或副词还要在句中充当某个成分。
例如：Could you told me how I can get to the station
I don’t know what they are talking about.
3． 由if或whether引导，说明该从句是一个一般疑问句。在句中的实际意思是“是否”。
例如：He asked me if / whether I was a doctor.
We wondered if / whether we should have a test tomorrow.
二、宾语从句的语序与时态
1． 宾语从句的语序应该是陈述句的语序“主语+谓语+宾语”。
例如：I didn’t know when they would come.
2．宾语从句的时态如果主句是一般现在时，从句可以根据需要自选一种时态。如果主句的时态是一般过去时，从句只能用相应的过去时态的各种时态。即一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时。
3．如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，谚语格言或经常性习惯动作。其时态用一般现在时。
例如：He said the sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.
Father told me Sunday is the first day of a week.
第二节 实战演练
一、例题选讲
例1 I don’t know ________ he will come or not.
A． how B． whether
C． weather D． when
答案： B
提示： 在宾语从句中出现了or not，这里只能用whether。第二题答案为B，根据题意问他们何时回来，所以要用when。
例2 Can you tell me ________they will come back
A． where B． when
C． which D． who
答案： B
提示： 根据题意问他们何时回来，所以要用when。
例3 Have you seen the doctor He asked me. （两句并一句）
答案： He asked me if / whether I had seen a doctor
提示： 是一般疑问句，连接词应为if / whether
例4 How can we get to the science museum Could you tell us （两句并一句）
答案： Could you tell me how we can get to the science museum
提示： 特殊疑问句，连接词就是它本身的特殊疑问词how，将情态动词can放在主语me之后，时态运用取决于主句。主句could you tell me是委婉语气，是一般现在时，所以从句是什么时态就用什么时态。
二、复习时需要注意的要点
（1） 由连接词that引导的宾语从句，that不在从句中担任任何成分。
（2） 主句和从句要保持时态上的一致性，从句还要保持陈述句语序。
（3） 当从句是由选择问句转化而成时，一定要用whether构成whether...or结构。
第三节 巩固练习
Ⅰ.用动词的适当形式填空。
1． I think he ________ (come) back soon.
2． He told mw his father ________ (read) the newspaper this time yesterday.
3． I want to know if he ________ (go) fishing with me.
4． I didn’t know who ________ (break) the window.
5． He told me his father ________ (fly) to Beijing the next day.
6． The teacher told us that light ________ (travel) much faster than sound.
7． He asked if the girl ________ (find) her lost bike.
8． He said he ________ (go) to Beijing three years ago.
9． He asked who the girl ________ (look) for.
10...I asked him whether it ________ (snow)in winter in Australia.
Ⅱ.将下列句子改成宾语从句。
1． My father will come back in two days.
He said ____________________________.
2． Does your uncle live in Beijing
He asked me __________________________.
3． Have you finished reading the novel
He asked me ______________________________.
4． Will you go to the park with me
He asked me _________________________________.
5． Who can answer the question in English
He asked _____________________________.
6． What’s wrong with the boy
The doctor asked ___________________________.
7． What is the man doing
He asked ________________________________.
8． Are the foreign guests going to visit our school
Nobody knew ________________________________.
9． Is the shanghai library open on Sundays
Do you know____________________________
10.Who does he want to see
Didn’t he tell you ______________________________
Ⅲ.选择填空。
1.Have you decided ________ for Australia
A. when will you leave B. when do you leave
C. you will leave when D. when you will leave
2.Can you tell me _________
A. where does Tom live
B. where Tom lived
C. Tom lives where
D. where Tom lives
3.The old man asked me ________ .
A. where was the cinema
B. where is the cinema
C. where the cinema was
D. where was the way to the cinema
4.I think _______ you will like him.
A. that B. if C. why D. how
5.I didn’t know _______ he will come or not.
A. that B. whether
C. weather D. how
6.I wonder _________ .
A. how much cost these shoes
B. how much do these shoes cost
C. how much these shoes cost
D. how much are these shoes cost
7.She asked me _________ .
A. who he was B. who was he
C. who is he D. who he is
8.Ask him _________ .
A. whose cup this is
B. whose cup is this
C. this is whose cup
D. whose is this cup
9.I don’t know _________ .
A. what time the movie starts
B. what time starts the movie
C. the time to start the movie
D. the movie what time starts
10.The doctor asked me how long ________ .
A. was I ill B. have I been ill
C. I have been ill D. I had been ill
11.The weather forecast doesn’t say _________.
A. if it rains tomorrow B. if does it rain tomorrow
C. if it will rain tomorrow D. if will it rain tomorrow
12.Do you know _________
A. whose pen is this B. whose pen this is
C. whom does the pen belong to D. whom the pen belong to
13.Could you tell me where _________
A. the tape was B. was the tape C. the tape is D. is the tape
14.They want to know _________
A. where is the hospital B. how old are you
C. when the train will leave D. why is the boy crying
15.Tony wanted to know _________.
A. what had Father Christmas put in his stocking
B. when Father Christmas had put in his stocking
C. what Father Christmas had put in his stocking
D. where Father Christmas had put in his stocking
16.No one knows _________ the professor will come to our school tomorrow to give us a talk or not.
A. when B. whether C. where D. if
17.July didn’t know_________.
A. where is Tim’s father B. when was the first watch made
C. who the old man is D. what was wrong with her watch
18.No one told us _________, so we need your help.
A. how should we do B. what we should do C. what to do D. what should we do
19.We don’t know _________ with the rubbish and it pollutes out land and sea.
A. how do it B. how to do C. what do it D. what to do
20.He asked me _________.
A. whether I find out the sender of the money
B. whether did I find out the sender of the money
C. whether the sender of the money found out
D. whether I found out the sender of the money
答案
I、
1.will come 2.was reading 3.will go
4.had broken 5.would fly 6.travels
7.had found 8.went 9.was looking
10.snowed
II、
1. his father would come back in two days.
2. if (whether) my uncle lived in Beijing.
3. if (whether) I had finished reading the novel.
4. if (whether) I would go to the park with him.
5. who would answer the question in English.
6. what was wrong with the boy.
7. what the man was doing.
8. if (whether) the foreign guests were going to visit our school.
9. if (whether) the Shanghai library is open on Sundays.
10. who he wanted to see.
III、
1.D 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.A 8.A 9.A 10.D
11.C 12.B 13.C 14.C 15.C 16.B 17.D 18.B 19.D 20.D
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中考英语词汇与语法满分快车道书稿
第六章 介词
介词是一种虚词，不能独立充当句子成分，需与动词、形容词和名词搭配，才能在句子中充当成分。介词是用于名词或代词之前，表示词与词之间关系的词类，介词常与动词、形容词和名词搭配表示不同意义。介词短语中介词后接名词、代词或可以替代名词的词（如：动名词v-ing）.介词后的代词永远为宾格形式。
一、表示时间的介词
（一）表示时间段的介词
（1）in , after
in +时间段，表示从现在起往后推算一段时间
after +时间段，表示过去某时间往后推算一段时间，如：
He’ll come back in two days. 但点钟用after( after three o’clock)
He left on July 2 and returned after three days.
（2）in , during
表示在一段特指的时间内，可用in 或during
The work was done in / during the holidays.
表示年份、月份、季节用in , 如:in 1999 ,in June , in winter
（3）in last, for the past + 时间段, during
表示在最近一段时间内，句中谓语动词常用现在完成时
I have been in Shanghai in the last few years.
（4）for 表示延续一段时间。
I’ll study in the U.S for two years
I’ve waited for Bingo for half an hour.
（二）表示某一时间的介词
（1）at, on
at 表示某一时刻，on 表示某一天或日期, 如:
at 7:14, on Saturday morning on the night of May2
一天内各段时间表达, 选用正确的介词，请比较：
in the morning
on a winter / snow / cold / morning
at night
on the night of March 7th
in the evening
on Friday evening
（2）before, by
before 表示某一时间之前，而by 表示到某一时间止，句中谓语动词多用完成时态。如:：
You must get up before six. 你必须六点之前起床。
By the end of last month the boy had got 4 “As”.
到上月底这个男孩已得了4个A.
（3）after , since
after 可以表示过去某一点时间之后，并不延续说话时间,和一般过去连用，而since表示从过去某时间开始的一段时间延续到说话时间, 与现在完时连用 如；
My father lived in Shanghai after liberation .
解放后我父亲住在上海.
Since the end of last year the lady has given five concerts.
自去年年底以来，这位女士开了五十场音乐会
（4）from…to, until / till
from----to表示从某一点时间到另一点时间的一段时间，而until till 表示某动作或状态延续到某点时间如：
My mother studied in Beijing University from 1960 to 1964.
从1960年到1964年我妈妈在北京大学学习。
My mother entered Beijing University in 1960, and studied there until 1964.
我妈妈1960年进入北京大学，一直学习到1964年。（但“从早到晚”常表达为from morning till night）
（三）不用介词表示时间的词或词组
含this, that, last, next 的表示时间的名词词组,以及某些时间的副词或名词词组前不用介词,如：this year last summer, yesterday , the day after tomorrow 等。
二、表示事物之间位置的介词
（1）at, in
当事物被视作一点，不强调其空间常用介词at, 而表示空间内部用介词in, 如：
We’ll meet at the supermarket 我们在超市见面
I had to stay in the supermarket as it was raining hard
因为下大雨，我只好呆在超市里
*动词arrive 后接at ,表示较小的地方, 如: 车站、村庄等.后接in 表示较大地方，如: 城市,地区等
（2）in, to
in 表示事物在区域范围内的位置，to 表示事物对区域范围之外另一事物的位置，如：
Shanghai is in the east of China. 上海在中国东部
Japan lies to the east of China. 日本位于中国东面。
in front of 表示在前面,一般不在范围内，in the front of 表示在前面.在同一范围内。
（3）after, behind
after 指顺序先后 ,behind 指位置在某事物之后，相对于in front of 而言, 如：
He entered the classroom after the teacher
He hid himself behind the door 他在门后。
（4）on , in
on 表示“在某事物表面上”。如将事物看作空间，表示在其内部，用介词in。
There is a modern painting on the wall .
There is a modern painting on the wall .
（5）from , off 都表示“离开”
（6）above , over, below , under
over , under 表示垂直的上下关系，而above, below 仅表示位置上“高于”或“低于”, 不表示垂直关系。
（7）between, among
between 表示“两个事物之间”, among 表示“三者以上的事物之间”。
三、表示运动方向的介词
（1）into, inside , in 从外到内 如：
He went quickly into / inside the room.
He went quickly into / inside the room.
（2）out of 从里到外，相当于outside, 或从里向外,相当于from
She went out of from the office in a hurry 她匆匆走出办公室.
The boy watched the buses, cars and bikes out from the window .
这男孩透过窗观看外面的公交车、小汽车和自行车。
（3）on 在……表面，onto 到……上
A boat is on the river. 一条小船在河上。
He jumped onto a tree. 他跳上一棵树
（4）across 穿过一平面、through 穿过一空间
The boy kicked the ball hard and it moved across the grass.
这男孩用力踢球，球飞过草地。
The train moved fast through the tunnel. 火车飞驶隧道。
（5）The train moved fast through the tunnel. 火车飞驶隧道。
She walked to the bank 她步行到银行去
She swam towards the shore 她朝岸边游去。
四、常用介词用法比较
（1）as , like
as 表示“作为”强调身份，like (介词)表示“像”
As a teacher, he cares for these children.
Like a teacher, he cares for these children.
（2）with , in
with 表示“外貌特征或附带的东西” ,“ 用……作工具”
in 表示”衣着” ”用某语言”, 在固定搭配中也可用in
A man with dark glasses wanted to buy drinks.
A man in black wanted to buy drinks.
The boy is learning to write in pencil / with a pencil.
He retold the text in English.
（3）for , to
for表示“为了.”
To 表示动作对象, “对, 向.” 如:
He would do anything for his motherland.
Did you mention this to my father
你对我父亲提起过这件事吗
for 表示“就某情况而说 ”, to 表示一“对某对象而言”如：
It’s quite warm today for February.就二月的天气，今天够暖和的。
What he told you just now was not new to me
他刚才对你所说的话对我并不新鲜
for 表示“目的,用途”。与go, come 动词连用，
（4）except , besides
except 表示“从总体中排除一部分”, 与bat 同义， besides 表示“除了一部分还有另一部分”
We all failed except him. 我们都失败了，但他没有。
He speaks German besides French.他懂法外还会讲英语。
（5）注意成对介词的用法：
get into (out of ) the car, get on (off) the bus, jump onto (off) the platform, out of
（6）介词和名词动词等有不少固定搭配和习惯用法：
to one’s surprise / joy, in charge of , instead of, in bed (hospital), in trouble, in a hurry, in surprise, with a smile, with one voice, according to, at once, on time, in time, in all, at home, (school, work), at last, at least, in the end, by the way, for example, at the same time, at the same speed, on one’s way (to), in the sun, on the football team, in line, with the help of, in red / green … put on, look for, look after, run after, send for, enter for, pay for, show…around, listen to, arrive in / at, get to, agree with, succeed in, think of (about), wait for,….
（7）表示加减乘除，分别用介词plus, minus, times 和动词过去分词divided + by
第二节 实战演练
一、例题选讲
例1 We will play football three o’clock．
A． In B． After
C． To D． since
答案： B
提示： 这四个选项的介词都可以表示时间，但含义和用法不同。in常用来表示以现在为起点的将来一段时间之后，after·可表示从过去为起点的一段时间之后，通常与过去时连用。但要注意after·也可以表示将来某一特定时刻之后。本题里after表示将来某一特定时刻。
例2 The story took place a cold night.
A． in B． after
C． to D． since
答案： B
提示： on通常指特定时期：或表示某一天的上午，下午，晚上等。句中的时间状语a cold night已表明在某个寒冷的夜晚，其前面应使用介词on。
例3 We will play football three o’clock．
A． In B． After
C． To D． since
答案： B
提示： 这四个选项的介词都可以表示时间，但含义和用法不同。in常用来表示以现在为起点的将来一段时间之后，after·可表示从过去为起点的一段时间之后，通常与过去时连用。但要注意after·也可以表示将来某一特定时刻之后。本题里after表示将来某一特定时刻。
例4 The story took place a cold night.
A． in B． after
C． to D． since
答案： B
提示： on通常指特定时期：或表示某一天的上午，下午，晚上等。句中的时间状语a cold night已表明在某个寒冷的夜晚，其前面应使用介词on。
例5 This is the bus the People’s Park．
A． at B． for
C． to D． towards
答案： B
提示： 四个选项的介词表达的意义不同。at表示“在某处，在……旁边”，for表示“（动身）去……处”，to表示“到……某处”，towards表示“向……某处”。
例6 —Are your parents workers —No， is a worker．
A． neither B． none
C． either D． both
答案： A
提示： neither是对两个人或事物的否定，谓语用单数形式；而both则是对两个人或事物的肯定，谓语用复数形式。
例7 The work cost us more than five weeks.（保持原意） more than five weeks the work.
答案： We spent, on
提示： cost表示花费时间，只能用表示事物的词作主语，而spend也表示花费时句子主语必须是人。注意spend…on，表示在某事上花费。
例8 Beijing has a lot of old buildings. It also has a lot of new ones.（合并一句）
答案： Beijing has not only a lot of old buildings but also a lot of new ones
提示： 这道题主要掌握表示递进关系的连词词组。
例9 My brother likes skating．I like swimming．（合并一句）
答案： My brother likes skating but I like swimming．
提示： 这道题的两个句子主语不是同一个人，谓语动词之后的部分也不同，实际上是把喜欢的内容由一个方面转到另一个方面，所以用but把两个句子连接起来。
例10 He is too young to join the army．（改复合句）
答案： He is so young that he can’t join the army．
提示： so．．．that表示否定时可与too…to转换。
例11 There is a hole the wall．
A． in B． on
C． of D． with
答案： A
提示： 在墙的里面，用in the wall，而on the wall指在墙的表面上。
例12 English names are different Chinese names．
A． between B． of
C． from D． about
答案： C
提示： be different from表示“与……不同”，是一个固定词组。
例13 We always have a class meeting Monday afternoon．
A． at B． on
C． in D． of
答案： B
提示： 在某天的上午下午或晚上，介词应使用0n。
例14 Please write it ink
A． with B． in
C． by D． of
答案： B
提示： 如果表示用墨水写该用in，不能用with。
例15 I’ll return the book to the library I finish reading it
A． when B． if
C． as soon as D． as
答案： C
提示： 此句意思为我一看完这本书就还给图书馆，as soon as是“一……就……”的意思。
二、复习时需要注意的要点
（1） 介词一般放在名词之前，但它后面的介词宾语是疑问代词、疑问副词或者关系代词时，这些词提到了前面而只剩下介词在后了。
（2） 介词和动词、形容词、名词等常常构成固定搭配，也就是说，在这些词的后面常常要求用一定的介词。这一点在学习时要特别注意。如：
a.动词+介词：laugh at, wait for
b.形容词、过去分词+介词：be good at, be prond of
c. 名词+介词：pay a visit to , the key to
第三节 巩固练习
I 选择填空
1. I’ll get off _____ Nanjing Road. I live _____ 200 Nanjing Road.
A at, at B on, on C at, in D on, at
2. He is good _____ volleyball,.He was _____ the school volleyball team.
A in, in B at, at C on, on D at, on
3 Children always get presents _____ Christmas Day in the west.
A on B at C on D in
4. _____ the help of the teachers, he has made great progress _____three months ago.
A In…for B In…since
C With…sine D With…for
5 When class is over, the students go _____ the classroom.
A into B in C on D out of
6. There’s no smoke ______ fire.
A. with B without C if D in
7. What does your father look _____ - Tall and thin.
A like B as C for D in
8. The teachers are often given _______ some flowers _______ the students ______ Teachers’ Day.
A X, by, in B to, by, on
C X, by, on D to, by, in
9. He is reading magazines ____ the reading-room ______.
He will come back ______ half an hour.
A in, at that time, in B on, at that moment, after
C by, at some time , on D in ,at the moment, in
10.Have you got everything ready _______ a picnic
A on B for C in D during
II 在每格中填入适当的介词：
1. He jumped ________ joy.
2. When still a child ________ four, he could already write.
3. You’d better speak _________ the manager about it.
4. He spend too much time ______ playing video games. It is bad ______ him.
5. We must be strict _________ the students and _______ our work.
6. Please give the book to the boy ______ the corner.
7. I bought a copy of Shanghai Students’ Post _______ my way _____
home. I read it _____ the underground. By the time I arrived ______
my neighbourhood, I’d read half _______it.
8. I was born ______ the morning _____ December 3, 1985. We were born ______ the same year.
9. My mother opened my letter instead ________hers. I was angry ______
her.
10. How much did you pay _______ the new bike
III. 用方框内的介词填空
on, by, from, in, without, behind, of, across, along, before, until, to, beside, between
1.He found himself fall ________ the others after he came back from the U.S.A..
2._____ all the streets, Nanjing Road is the busiest, I think.
3.Have do you often go to school
_______ underground train.
4.________ your help, I can’t finish the work _________ a short time.
5.Go _________ the road, turn right at the first crossing and go ________ the stone bridge. You’ll find a new post office ____________ a supermarket and a school.
6.Don’t leave _______ 7:30. I’ll return _________7:30.
7.My uncle is learning French __________ English.
8.We go to school __________ Monday ________ Friday. We don’t have lessons ________ Saturday and Sunday.
IV.改正错误：
1. He will attend a meeting instead of watch a football match.
A B C D
2. There’s a bridge on the river.
A B C D
3. She arrived at home at 8:45 yesterday.
A B C D
4. Please go on your homework.
A B C D
5. Does she spend a lot of time on reading
A B C D
6. The article is written with easy English.
A B C D
7. Mary has been used to live in China.
A B C D
8. We are looking forward to work in that company.
A B C D
9. What did you think the film
A B C D
10. By who was the nice bottle broken
A B C D
V. 改写下列句子，保持原意（每格一词）
1. It took Wang Wei two hours to write the composition.
Wang Wei spent two hours _________ writing the composition.
2. Can computers take the place of humans
Can computers be used _________ ________ humans
3. She began to learn singing two years ago.
She has learned singing ___________ two years ago.
4. What made him think so
_______ what was he made ________ think so
5. Mother didn’t let him go out last night.
He wasn’t allowed ______ go out last night ________ her mother.
6. He made some money when he was in Aprica.
He made some money _________ his stay _____Africa.
7. The girl was surprised to pass the exam.
______her surprise, the girl passed the exam.
8. These children waited before their parents came back.
These children didn’t leave ________ their parents came back.
9. We shall go on a trip to Wuxian (无锡)。
We shall go _______ Wuxian _________ our holiday.
10. How do you like the movie
do you think the movie
VI. 将下列词组译成英语
1.The woman (为---而感到骄傲) her son.
2.She helped me (在英语方面).
3.I (收到她的来信) yesterday.
4.My father (对我生气).
5.He studies hard in order to (赶上) the class.
6.I didn’t believe that until I saw it (亲眼).
7.She is (用法语唱)
8.I am (忙于复习功课)
9.I will (离开上海去悉尼) tomorrow.
10.We (领外国朋友参观我们的学校) in this time yesterday.
答案
I、
1.A 2.D 3.C 4.C 5.D 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. D 10.B
II、
1.with 2.of 3.to/ with 4.in/ /, for 5.with/in
6.at 7.on, /, on, at, of 8. on, of, in 9.of, with 10.for
III、
1.behind 2.Of 3.By 4.Without, in
5.along, across, between 6.until, before 7.besides 8.from, to, on
IV、
1. watching(D) (instead of 接动名词)
2. 2.over(C)
3. at去掉(B) (home副词不需要加at)
4. 4.加with(B) (go on with sth.)
5. in (D) (spend in doing sth.)
6. 6.in(C) (“用英语”介词应用in)
7. living(D) (be used to doing 习惯于做某事)
8. 8.working(C) (look forward to doing
9. of(D)
10. whom(A) (介词后面用宾格)
V、
1.in 2.instead of 3.since 4.By, to 5.to, by
6.during, in 7.To 8. until 9.to, for 10.What, about
VI、
1.was proud of 2.with my English 3.heard from her 4.was angry with me
5.come up with 6.with my own eyes 7.singing in French 8.busy with my homework
9.leave Shanghai for Sydney 10.show the foreign friends around my school
On
On
On
Over
Under
Above
Below
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中考英语词汇与语法满分快车道书稿练习集（二）
语法与词汇（11）
Ⅰ、Choose the best answer.(选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示填入括号内) （共20分）
( ) 1. Our Monitor as well as his parents ______ near the school.
A. live B. lives
C. are living D. lived
( ) 2. As ______, you’ve made a mistake here.
A. held B. held out C. held up D. held on
( ) 3. They didn’t decide which hotel ______.
A. to stay B. to stay at C. they would stay D. would they stay
( ) 4. I noticed an old man ______ the room a few minutes ago.
A. entered B. entered into C. to enter D. enter
( ) 5. Smoking makes my father ______ a lot.
A. cough B. to cough C. coughing D. coughed
( ) 6. The price of a computer is ______.
A. expensive B. high C. cheap D. small
( ) 7. I don’t think this is a good idea. Has he got ______ idea
A. any other B. any one C. the other D. some another
( ) 8. It was getting late, so we set out ______.
A. to home B. at home C. for home D. home
( ) 9. Study still harder. ______ you won’t be able to pass the exam next week.
A. and B. then C. or D. /
( ) 10. –Do you think your room is bigger than his –______.
A. I don’t think. B. Yes, he is.
C. No, I don’t think so. D. Yes, I think his is bigger.
( ) 11. –I don’t go to school by bicycle. –______ my sister.
A. Neither do B. Neither does C. So do D. So does
( ) 12. My mother thinks these shirts will fit her ______ well.
A. more B. quite C. most D. as
( ) 13. About ______ of the students in our school go to schoolboy bike every day.
A. two-third B. two-three C. two thirds D. two-thirds
( ) 14. They want to know ______.
A. where is the hospital B. how old are you
C. when the train will leave D. why is the boy crying
A. I don’t think. B. Yes, he is.
C. No, I don’t think so. D. Yes, I think his is bigger.
( ) 15. The man ______ the factory is from Beijing.
A. in charge of B. in the charge of C. is in charge of D. is in the charge of
( ) 16. ______ useful advice the teacher has given is!
A. How B. What C. What a D. How a
( ) 17. There are some apples on the desk. ______ of them ______ sweet.
A. None…is B. Neither…is C. Both…is D. All…is
( ) 18. There are trees on ______ sides of the road.
A. each B. both C. either D. neither
( ) 19. It was ______ fine weather that the students of Class Four enjoyed themselves in the park.
A. such a B. so C. so a D. such
( ) 20. We must clean the dirty water instead of ______ it out
A. let B. lets C. to let D. letting
Ⅱ、Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子)（共6分）
1.The teacher ________ us to study hard. (advice)
2.What he said sounded ________. (excite)
3.It’s more ________ to take a ship than to take a train. (convenience)
4.Edison made many important ________ in his life. (invent)
5.How many ________ of letters are there every day (collect)
6.The question which you asked me just now is of no ________. (important)
Ⅲ、Rewrite the sentences as required.(按要求改写句子，每空格限填一词)（共10分）
1.Tom hardly understood the meaning of this wood. (改为反意疑问句)
Tom hardly understood the meaning of this wood, ________ ________
2.The new bridge will be built in three months. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ will the new bridge be built
3.I can’t decide if I will go to my friend’s birthday party. (保持句意不变)
I can’t decide ________ ________ go to my friend’s birthday party.
4.They are the most beautiful drawings I have even seen. (保持句意不变)
I have ________ seen ________ beautiful drawings.
5.Nothing can live if there is no water or air. (保持句意不变)
Nothing can live ________ water ________ air.
语法与词汇（12）
Ⅰ、Choose the best answer.(选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示填入括号内) （共20分）
( ) 1.These are only part of my postcards. I have got many ______ at home.
A. another B. the other C. others D. other
( ) 2.Please tell us ______ they will go to France to spend this summer holiday.
A. who B. that C. where D. if
( ) 3. We’ll go to visit the East Pearl ______ next week.
A. some time B. sometime C. sometimes D. some times
( ) 4.Jack got a lot of parents ______ the morning of Dec.25
A. at B. in C. / D. on
( ) 5.My sister has learned English for only ______ months, but she can speak ______ English now.
A. a few…little B. a few…a little C. few…a little D. little…a few
( ) 6.He was seen ______ from the hospital yesterday.
A. ran away B. to run away C. run away D. running away
( ) 7.We think ______ right to flight against pollution.
A. that B. this C. it D. its
( ) 8.Father wanted to know ______ next.
A. how to do B. what to do it C. what to do D. if to do it
( ) 9.I can’t tell ______ or not.
A. if he need any help B. if he needs any help
C. whether he needs any help D. whether he need any help
( ) 10. Could you please tell me if ______ tomorrow
A. Mary comes B. does Mary come C. Mary would come D. Mary will come
( ) 11. The poor man has ______ in bed for two days. He has no money to see a doctor.
A. laid B. lay C. lain D. lied
( ) 12. We can see ten ______ people doing morning exercises there at the square every day.
A. hundred B. hundreds of C. hundreds D. hundred of
( ) 14. Though it’s getting dark, he’s still not sure ______ to go or stay.
A. where B. whether C. when D.what
( ) 15. He remembered ______ the light before he went to bed.
A. turned off B. turning off C. turn off D. to turn off
( ) 16. Many ______ me when I came out of the station.
A. waits for B. waited for C. was waiting for D. is waiting for
( ) 17. No one can ______ weather the stories about UFOs are true or not.
A. say B. tell C. talk D. speak
( ) 18. They were very ______ because of the ______ news.
A. excited ,exciting B. exciting, excited C. excitedly, exciting D. excitingly, excited
( ) 19. I will do all what I can ______ you to learn English well.
A. help B. helped C. helping D. to help
( ) 20. Who do you think ______ him angry
A. made B. make C. to make D. making
Ⅱ、Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子)（共6分）
1. ________ is very important for people. (honest)
2.Our monitor made a few ________ mistakes in the maths test. (care)
3.His ________ surprised us all. (arrive)
4.Some children will ________ catch a cold in spring. (easy)
5.Are there any taxi ________ in the small city (serve)
6.It is ________ for him to finish writing the composition in 5 minutes. (possible)
Ⅲ、Rewrite the sentences as required.(按要求改写句子，每空格限填一词)（共10分）
1.All of the students are on the playground at the moment. (改为否定句)
________ of the students ________ on the playground at the moment.
2.Many countries make laws to fight pollution. (改为被动语态)
Laws ________ ________ by many countries to fight pollution.
3.The teachers praised the girl for her hard work. (对划线部分提问)
________ was the girl praised ________ for her hard work
4.Do you remember what time we will go tomorrow (改为简单句)
Do you remember what time ________ ________ tomorrow.
5.Tian An Men Square is very magnificent. (改为感叹句)
________ ________ Tian An Men Square is!
语法与词汇（13）
Ⅰ、Choose the best answer.(选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示填入括号内) （共20分）
( )1.Granny looked for her book, but she couldn’t find it _____.
A. somewhere B. everywhere C. anywhere D. nowhere
( )2.The man took away the dictionary but did not ______.　
A. pay it B. pay for it C. cost it D. spend it
( )3. How long may I ______ the history books 　
A. keep B. lend C. borrow D. return
( )4. She______ an English teacher.　
A. uses to B. used to C. use to be D. used to be
( )5. One day the librarian ______ an idea.　
A. came up B. came with
C. came up with D. came up to
( )6. My hobby is ______all kinds of coins.
　 A. to collect B. collecting C. to pick up D. picking up
( )7. My postcard is still on the desk. Why ______you ______it
　 A. haven't , posted B. didn't, post
C. wasn't posting D. won't, post
( )8. The man ____France will give us a talk ____his country.　
A. from, on B. of, in C. of, about D. from, of
( )9. He is too old to ______the name of that book.
　 A. pick up B. think of C. come up D. fill in
( )10. I don’t know where Mr. White has gone. You’d better ask ____.
　 A. else somebody B. other somebody
C. somebody else D. anybody else
( )11. Father ______the city of New York three days ago.　
A. leave B. left to C. left off D. left for
( )12. Tom ______ there for 10 months since he ______ back to his hometown.
　 A. has lived, gets B. has lived, got
C. lived, go D. lived, has got
( )13. The film is very ___. Tom is very ____.
A. exciting, excited B. excited, exciting
C. exciting, exciting D. excited, excited
( )14. ____the weather will be like tomorrow, we II go surfing.
　 A. No matter how B. No matter what's
C. No matter what D. No matter if
( )15. The river near our village is about ____long.
A. Sthree-hundreds-metres B. three-hundred-metre
C. three-hundred-metres D. three hundred metres
( )16. It's ____good food that we all like it very much.　
A. so a B. such a C. so D. such
( )17. Linda will look after the children _____ we’re away.　
　 A. that B. during C. while D. where
( )18.－____ have you been at this factory －I've been here since 1993.
A.When B.How long C.What time 　　D.How often
( )19. What ______just now 　
　 A. was happened 　 B. were happened　　 C. happened D. happens
( )20. I want to visit England ______.　　
A. if it possible　 B. as soon possible　 C. as soon as possible D. if possible
Ⅱ、Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子)（共6分）
1. There are many kinds of outdoor ________ such as camping and traveling. (act)
2. We can’t live without air. Air keep us __________. (live)
3. There are many interesting ________ in today’s newspaper. (article)
4. I like the flat with two ________. (balcony)
5. It is very hot. The sun shines ________ and it is nice to have ice-cream. (bright)
6. I have lost one of the ________ of my coat. I sewed a new one just now. (button)
Ⅲ、Rewrite the sentences as required.(按要求改写句子，每空格限填一词)（共10分）
1.Her sister has six classes every day from Monday to Friday. (改成一般疑问句)
________ her sister _______ six classes every day from Monday to Friday
2.The boy in the river is Mr Green’s son.（对画线部分提问）
_______ _______ is Mr Green’s son
3. People there didn’t plant any trees last year. (同义句转换)
______ trees ______ planted by people there last year.
4. Do they want fried chicken He asked the boys. (连成一个宾语从句)
He asked the boys _______ they _______ fried chickens.
5. All are here, but our English teacher isn’t. (同义句转换)
_______ is here ______ our English teacher.
语法与词汇（14）
Ⅰ、Choose the best answer.(选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示填入括号内) （共20分）
( )1. When you ____the street, you must look first.　
　 A. across B. go cross
C. cross D. goes across
( )2. Look! Mrs. Green is talking ____the students of Class I on the ground.
A. among B. in the middle of C. between D. at
( )3. Her teacher thinks ____other.　
A. high B. highly C. well D. good
( )4.---Have you finished your homework_____ ---No, not_____.
A.already, already B.yet, yet
C.already, yet D.yet, already
( )5. Neither you or he ______ Hawaii before.　
A. has gone to B. have gone to
C. have been to D. has been to
( )6. Xi'an is very famous ______Terra Cotta Warriors.　
A. to B. of C. in D. for
( )7. All of us except him _______ to Beijing. 　　
A. have gone B. has gone C. have been D. has been
( )8. As soon as he ____, he will write to me.
A. arrives at B. arrives C. reaches D. gets
( )9. Who draw ______ Jack
A. so well as B. as well as　 C. so better than D. as good as
( )10. The girl had a short rest and did her homework ______ she reached home.　
A. after B. before C. when D. since
( )11. There ______ a park near our school since two years ago.　　
A. is B. was C. has been D. will be
( )12. What do you think we should ________ improve our environment 　　　
A. do B. to C. do for D. do to
( )13. We find the book very ______.　　
A. interest B. interesting　　 C. interests D. interested
( )14. Uncle Wang has been here ______ ten years ago. 　
A. for B. since C. in D. at
( )15. The weather was ______ it is today.
A. not as wetter as B. not wetter than　 C. more wetter than D. wetter as
( )16. The little boy was ________with the big boy because he was ____words to him.
A. fond, speaking B. angry, saying
C. angry, talking　　 D. friendly, telling
( )17. We don't know If it _____. If it_____, we won' t go out for a walk.
A. rains, will rain B. rains, rains
C. will rain, will rain　 D. will rain, rains
( )18. It's difficult _____your sound because the noise is too high.
A. to listen　 B. to know　 C. to learn D. to hear
( )19. He says ____he will be back soon.
A. when 　 B. what　 C. that 　　 D. where
( )20. He told a very ____story about his life in America.　
　 A. live　　 B. living　　 C. lively　　 D. life
Ⅱ、Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子)（共6分）
1. The boy is __________ six. So he is old enough to go to school. (age)
2. He was ________ at me when I suddenly went into his room. (amazing)
3. I was late this morning. I am ________ sorry for it. (awful)
4. The fish has a lot of ________ in it. You should be carefully. (bone)
5. The leaves on the trees are ________ green in spring. (brightly)
6. Would you have some more ________ It is good for your health. (carrot)
Ⅲ、Rewrite the sentences as required.(按要求改写句子，每空格限填一词)（共10分）
1. They plant many trees on the hill every spring. （改为被动语态）
Many trees ________ _______ on the hill every spring.
2.I have learned English for six years. （改为同义句）
It is six years ________ I ________ to learn English.
3. Because of the heavy traffic , they couldn’t get to school on time.（改为同义句）
The heavy traffic ________ them from ________ at school on time.
4. Do you like playing football They want to know. （变成一个句子）
They ________ ________ I like playing football.
5. The baby woke up every three hours. （对划线部分提问）
_______ _______ did the baby wake up
语法与词汇（15）
Ⅰ、Choose the best answer.(选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示填入括号内) （共20分）
( )1. If you don't get up early, you' II ____the bus.　
　 A. not miss　 B. miss　　 C. catch 　 D. lost
( )2. How long ____it ___to go there by train 　　
A. do, take　 B. does, take　 C. does, spend　　 D. does, play
( )3. A young man practised ______ English with Mr Green.　
A. speak　 B. speaking C. to speak　　 D. speak in
( )4. She says she can get to Tian’anmen from Wangfujing by bike_____ ten minutes.
A. after B. in C. before D. about
( )5. We should help her when she is ________.　
　 A. in trouble B. in a trouble　 C. in the trouble D. in troubles
( )6. The policeman kept the thief ________ for four hours.　
　 A. standing B. to stand C. to sit D. siting
( )7. They ______Hong Kong twice.　　
A. have gone to B. have been to
C. have been in D. have gone in
( )8. I have never seen _____film before.
A.a so interesting B.a such interesting
C.so a interesting D. such an interesting
( )9. Everyone went to the zoo last Sunday ______Jim.　
　 A. but 　　 B. not 　　 C. except 　 D. besides
( )10. If you miss so many lessons, you must fall behind ____ classmates.
A.another B.the others C.other D.the other
( )11. ______ did Lin Tao say about Mount Emei 　
　 A. What 　 B. How 　　 C. When 　 D. Why
( )12. I’m afraid ______ you may be late.　　
A. when 　 B. that　　 C. why 　　 D. how
( )13. I ______ able to sing any song but this one.　
　 A. may B. can C. am D. would
( )14. Everybody is here _______ Jim Green.　　
A. as B. with C. on D. except
( )15. Which of these do you think is ____ useful invention
A.the more B.the second more
C.most D.the second most
( )16.－When did you ______the book to the library －Yesterday afternoon.　
A. borrow B. lend C. give D. return
( )17. English teachers often encourage the students _______ English aloud.　
A. read B. reading C. to read D. readed
( )18.－ ______he ever ______abroad 　 －No, never.　
A. Did, go B. Is, been C. Has, been D. Has, gone
( )19. Can you ______who has lost the watch
　 A. look for B. look up C. find D. find out
( )20. He is too old to ______the name of that book.
　 A. pick up B. think of C. come up D. fill in
Ⅱ、Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子)（共6分）
1. Do you know there are many ________ over our city (airline)
2. She’s ________ clever. She knows what you meant. (amazing)
3. I feel ________ because I didn’t pass the final exam. (awfully)
4. The little boy saved the old man in the river ________. (brave)
5. His mother and sister are both famous ________ in Shanghai. (business)
6. Take an umbrella with you on a ________ day. Just in case it suddenly starts to rain. (cloud)
Ⅲ、Rewrite the sentences as required.(按要求改写句子，每空格限填一词)（共10分）
1. There’s little time to go for a walk.（改成反意疑问句）
There’s little time to go for a walk, ____ ____
2. We can cut paper with scissors.（同义句转换）
_____ _____ we cut paper
3. It’s fun to take a journey along Yangzi River.（改成感叹句）
_____ ____ it is to take a journey along Yangzi River.
4. My father began to work in Shenzhen several years ago.（同义句转换）
My father ____ ____ in Shenzhen for several years.
5. The teacher told us that we would not play football in the street.（同义句转换）
The teacher told us ____ _____ play football in the street.
语法与词汇（16）
Ⅰ、Choose the best answer.(选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示填入括号内) （共20分）
( )1. Do you know where ______ from 　　
A. he come B. he comes C. did he come D. does he came
( )2. Our teacher saw us ______ on the desks and went out of the classroom.　
A. to sit B. sat C. siting D. sitting
( )3. I______ maths and science.　
A. interest B. am interesting
C. am interested D. am interested in
( )4. David was born _____.
A.since twenty years ago B.for twenty years
C.twenty years ago D.just over twenty years
( )5.Mike _____ his homework three hours ago.
A. finished B. has finished
C. is finishing D. is going to finish
( )6.Allan cut the big birthday cake _____ small pieces.　
　 A. as B. to C. into D. in
( )7.When he was a child, he was always _______ out new ideas.　
A. try B. trying C. taking D. tried
( )8.Were you born ______May 21,1974 　
A. in B. on C. from D. at
( )9.It’s very kind ____ you _____lend your bike to me.　
　 A. of, to B. for, in C. for, to D. of, in
( )10.I have two pens. One is red, ________ is black.　
A. other B. another
C. the other D. the others
( )11.“ ______ do you write to your parents ”“ Once a month.”
A. How long B. How much
C. How far D. How often
( )12.He asked who was _______ in your class.　　
A. the oldest B. oldest C. older D. the older
( )13.The teacher told us ______ Exercise 1 in our exercise books.　
　 A. do B. to do C. doing D. does
( )14.I found _____ very difficult to learn maths well.　
　 A. what B. it C. that D. this
( )15.I' m ______ to trouble you.　　
A. glad B. afraid 　　C. fear 　　 D. sorry
( )16.－ Please write to me when you have time.
－ Sure. But ________is your E-mail address
A. when B. where
C. what D. which
( )17.It is _______to work out this problem. You needn't go to the teacher.
A. enough easy B. easily enough
C. easy, enough D. very easily
( )18.The visitors are very ______ to see so many changes _______ in Shenzhen sin-ce 1979.
A. surprise; have been taken place B. surprising, took place
C. surprised, have been taken place D. surprised, have taken place
( )19.When I got to his home, he ________ for an hour.
A. had left B. left C. had been away D. has been away
( )20.The boss made him work 14 hours a day. That means, he _______ work 14 hours a day.
A. was made B. made C. was making D. was made to
Ⅱ、Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子)（共6分）
1. My sister and her classmates ________ their presents when they met again. (change)
2. If you wear a pair of ________ shoes, you may walk farther. (uncomfortable)
3. The ________ singing lessons made every one happy. (enjoy)
4. Bees have several ways of _________. (communicate)
5. To use hair dryer in the bathroom is ________. (danger)
6. I can’t see well. Would you please turn on the ________ light (electricity)
Ⅲ、Rewrite the sentences as required.(按要求改写句子，每空格限填一词)（共10分）
1.He put his hand in the bag to take out the money.
______ he ______ his hand in the bag to take out the money (改为一般疑问句)
2.Linda is always tired of staying at home alone.
Linda always ______ ______ at home alone.(同义句转换)
3.Ken has lunch at the school instead of at home.
Ken ______ _______ lunch at the school instead of at home.(变为否定句)
4.This book is the most interesting of all the books on the shelf
This book is the _______ _______ of all the books on the shelf (改为否定句)
5.Peter is 150 centimetres tall, so is mike.
Mike is the same ______ ______ Peter. (同义句转换)
语法与词汇（17）
Ⅰ、Choose the best answer.(选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示填入括号内) （共20分）
( )1. He dropped the _______ and broke it.
A. cup of coffee B. coffee’s cup
C. cup for coffee D. coffee cup
( )2. There are three ______ and seven _______ in the picture.
A. deers, sheeps B. deers, sheep C. deer, sheep D. deer, sheeps
( )3. Lucy has been to _________ many times this year.
A. his uncle b. her uncles C. uncle’s D. her uncle’s
( )4. The boys always stays here for _________>
A. one and half hour B. one and half a hour
c. one and a half hours D. one and half hours
( )5. The dinosaur’s eggs are found by explorers in the _______
A. 1920s B.1920’s C. 1920s’ D. 1920’
( )6. _______ my parents’ help, I begin to catch up _______ my classmates.
A. With, to B. Under, with C. With, with D. To, to
( )7. —Do you know the differences ________ the three words
--Sorry, I don’t know.
A. among B. between C. with D. about
( )8. —What else do you want
—________ else. I think I have got everything ready.
A. Something B. Nothing C. Anything d. Everything
( )9. Study hard, _______ you will fall behind the others.
A. and B. but c. or D. though
( )10. 30,000 dollars is a large amount of money, but it’s _______ than we need.
A. far more B. very much c. far less D. very little
( )11. The two friends were ______ pleased to see each other that they forgot everything.
A. so B. too C. very d. much
( )12. How long have you _______
A. married B. be married C. got married D. been married
( )13. We could see nothing because the lights suddenly _______.
A. went on B. went over c, went down D. went out
( )14. Would you please speak more slowly I can hardly ______ you.
A. talk with B. agree with c. follow D. hear
( )15. –People now can know what is happening in the world quickly.
--You’re right. With the help of computers, news can ______ every corner of the world.
A. get B. reach C. return D. arrive
( )16. Everyone except Tom and John ______ there when the meeting began.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
( )17. I’m sorry I haven’t got any money. I’ve ______ my handbag at home.
A. missed B. left C. put D. forgot
( )18. I heard he _______ the piano in the room last night.
A. played B. plays C. to play D. playing
( )19. No one can stop news _______.
A. to report B. to be report c, from reporting D. being reported
( )20. –Hi, Kate!
–Hi, Mary. I ______ you are here.
A. don’t know B. don’t think C, think D. didn’t know
Ⅱ、Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子)（共6分）
1. All of us will take part in this year’s English Speaking ________, except Alice, the champion of last year. (compete)
2. The repair man is good at fixing ________ things. (electric)
3. Many people ________ from recent car accidents on high ways. (death)
4. The scientific and ________ films about UFOs are too amazing to believe. (education)
5. His ________ was heavier than Mount Tai. (die)
6. Luckily, the pain has ________, I can move now. (appear)
Ⅲ、Rewrite the sentences as required.(按要求改写句子，每空格限填一词)（共10分）
1.The bird cost Jack fifty dollars. (改为否定句)
The bird ____________ ___________Jack fifty yuan.
2.The farmer didn’t find these sheep this morning. (改为被动语态)
These sheep ____________ ____________by the farmer this morning.
3.If you want to be wealthy, please practise economy. (改为同义句)
Please ___________your money if you want to be _____________.
4.Anne visits Pasty Wu once a week. （就划线部分提问）
How ____________ ____________ Anne visit Pasty Wu
5.Please get off the bus after it stops. (改为同义句)
Please ____________get off the bus _____________it stops.
语法与词汇（18）
Ⅰ、Choose the best answer.(选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示填入括号内) （共20分）
( )1. –Have you ever traveled abroad
--Sure. I ______ the language of English in the USA two years after I graduated from the university.
A. used to learn B. was used to studying
C. have studied D. didn’t use to study
( )2. --Where' s Mr Green --Oh, he _________ Canada.
A. has been to B. has gone to C. went to D. was in
( )3. The factory has been ________ for two years.
A. open B. to open C. opening D. opened
( )4 .--How long have you ________there --About four years. ~
A. come B. gone C. left D. worked
( )5.--Must I clean the room now --No, you __________.
A. can' t B. may not C. mustn' t D. needn' t
( )6. ________ I close the window It's so cold here.
A. Will B. Do C. Would D. Shall
( )7.--Excuse me, Look at the sign NO SMOKING! --Sorry, I ________ it.
A.don't see B.didn't see C.haven't seen D.won't see
( )8. He could_____ neither French or German, so I____ with him in English.
A, speak, talked B. talk, told C. say, spoke D. tell, talked
( ) 9. I ________a very interesting programme on the radio this morning.
A. listened B. heard C. saw D. watched
( )10. Could you _______ me your bike Mine is broken. --Sure. It's there.
A. borrow B. lend C. giving D. return
( )11 .--How much did you ________for the pen --Five yuan.
A. cost B. take C. pay D. buy
( )12.--Why not go to see the dolphin show with me --Because I ________it.
A. saw B. will see C. see D, have seen
( )13. The students will go to the Summer Palace if it ________tomorrow.
A. won' t rain B. isn' t raining C. doesn' t rain D. isn' t rain
( )14.--What did you do last night --I _______TV with my family.
A. watch B. am watching C. have watched D. watched
( )15. --Can I help you, sir
--Yes, I bought the radio here yesterday, but it ________.
A. didn't work B.won' t work C.can' t work D. doesn't work
( ) 16. --What do you think of the football match yesterday
--Well, it' s surprising. The strongest team of our school ________.
A. was beaten B. won C. scored D. was filled
( )17. The trees must _______three times a week.
A. water B. watering C. be watered D.waters
( )18. --Alice, you ________ on the phone. --I' m coming. Thanks.
A. want B-. are wanted C. are wanting .D. have wanted
( )19. --I saw Betty go to Grandpa Li's home just now.
--Yes. She’s often seen _________ the old man with the housework..
A: help B. to help C. helps D. helped
( )20. A talk on Chinese history __________in the school hall next Monday.
A. be given B. has been given C. will be given D. will give
Ⅱ、Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子)（共6分）
1. --What is your ________ (nation)
--Chinese.
2. The children are skating happily on the ________ river. (freeze)
3. Mary’s answer was ________, but mine was right. (correct)
4. She has passed the ________ examination of senior middle school. (enter)
5. Tom missed the school bus this morning. But ________ he got to school in time. (luck)
6. Nanjing Road Walkway is one of the ________ streets in shanghai. (busy)
Ⅲ、Rewrite the sentences as required.(按要求改写句子，每空格限填一词)（共10分）
1.The teacher said to me, “Don’t use a dictionary when you meet new words.”(改写成简单句)
The teacher told me _______ to use a dictionary when I ________ new words.
2.Miss Yang began to teach at the school a year ago. (改写成同义句)
Miss Yang ______ ________ a teacher for a year.
3.You mustn’t put your bike in the corner. (改写成被动句)
Your bike ________ _________ put in the corner.
4.I can’t finish the work on time without any help. (改写成同义句)
I can’t finish the work on time _______ I have _______ help.
5.Helen’s father hasn’t been there. Helen’s mother hasn’t, either. (改写成同义句)
_________ of Helen’s parents ________ been there.
语法与词汇（19）
Ⅰ、Choose the best answer.(选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示填入括号内) （共20分）
( )1. Every day I spend two hours _______my homework.
A. finishing to do B. finishing doing
C. to finish to do D. to finish doing
( )2. Lin Tao can't be at home. I saw him _______here a few minutes ago.
A. plays B. to play C. playing D. played
( )3. We'd better _______on the road. A car may hit us.
A. not to play B. not play C. to not play D. don't play
( )4.--When can I go out to play football, Mum
--Finish your homework first, or I won't let you ________.
A. to go out B. go out C. going out "D. will go out
( )5. Could you make her ________laughing
A. stop B. to stop C. stops D. stopped
( )6. You _________ never play in the street. It's not safe.
A. can B. may C. must D.need
( )7. Please don't forget _______to me, will you
A. to write B. writing C. write D. writes
( )8. The soldier ran into the room _________the baby.
A. saving B. to save C. saves D. saved
( )9.--__________ we make it half past seven
--What about _______ it a little earlier
A. Shall, making B. Shall, to make
C. Will, making D. will, to make
( )10. He _________ harder this year than last year.
A. study B. studies C. was studying D. studied
( )11. I think no news ________ good news, he will be back soon.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
( )12.--Can I help you
--Yes. I bought this computer here yesterday, ,but it ______ now.
A. didn't work B. won't work C. can’t work D. doesn't work
( )13. --What about the food on the plate –It _________ delicious.
A. smelling B. smelt C. smells D. is smelt
( )14: What a nice garden! How well it _________ after!
A. has looked B. looks C. is looked D. is looking
( )15. Look! Lily with her sister _________ a kite on the playground.
A. is flying B.are flying C.flying D. fly
( )16.--I have seen the film “Titanic” already.
--When _________ you _______ it
A. have, seen B. will, see C. did, see D. had, seen
( )17. His sister read the picture- book three times yesterday, ___________.
A. so he did B. she did so C. so did he D. so ~lid her
( )18. I _______ to bed until my grandma came back home.
A. didn't go B. went C. had gone D. have gone
( )19. While she _________ TV in the sitting room, the bell________.
A. watches, rings B. is watching, rang
C. was watching, rang D. watched, was ringing
( )20. There ________a football match in our school this afternoon.
A. are going to have B. is going to have
C. are going to be D. is going to be
Ⅱ、Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子)（共6分）
1. There are many ________ (different) between living in the city and living in the country.
2. Betty was one of the ________ actresses of her time. (lead)
3. This is the one of the ________ stories I’ve ever read. (fun)
4. I want to make ________ study in America. (far)
5. The ________ between the people of Shanghai and the people of San Francisco is even better than before. (friend)
6. I don’t like the flat here. It’s too ________. (noise)
Ⅲ、Rewrite the sentences as required.(按要求改写句子，每空格限填一词)（共10分）
1.He often does his homework after supper. ( 改成一般疑问句)
_________ he often ________ his homework after super
2.The plane takes off at 9:15 in the evening. （同义句）
The plane ________ take off ________ 9:15 in the evening.
3.They were excited at seeing the film. （改成感叹句）
_________ ________ they were at seeing the filming.
4.He has learned to play the piano since he was five years old. (对划线部分提问)
_________ _________ has he learned to play the piano
5.Peter joined the singing group 2 months ago. （同义句）
Peter _______ _________ in the singing group for 2 months.
语法与词汇（20）
Ⅰ、Choose the best answer.(选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示填入括号内) （共20分）
( )1 .-- May I use your pen Mine is broken.
-- Of course, here are two and you can use ________ of them.
A. both B. every C. any D. either
( ) 2. We can't buy anything because _________of the shops are open at this time.
A. all B. some C. any D. none
( )3.-- Please write to me when you have time.
-- Sure. But ________is your e - mail address
A. when B. where C. what D. which
( ) 4. He couldn't buy the dictionary because he had ________money with him.
A. a few B. few C. a little D. little
( )5.-- Have you finished your composition yet -- No, I'll finish it in ten minutes.
A. another B. more C. other D. else
( )6. There's ________interesting in the film, so ______is interested in it.
A. something, nobody B. nothing, somebody
C. anything, anybody. D. nothing, nobody.
( )7. I think Tom's bike is older than __________.
A. my B. his C. your D. her
( )8. Oh, boys and girls, come in please. And make _________at home.
A. yourself B. us C. you D. yourselves
( )9. I don't like winter because it’s ________cold.
A. too much B. far more C. much too D. much more
( )10. This match made them ________at last.
A. friendly B. happily C. quickly D. slowly ( )41 .-- Who can reach the book on the top shelf
-- Jack can. He is ________boy of us all.
A. taller B. a tall C. the tallest D. much tallest
( )12.-- The shop is ________ on Saturday and Monday.
-- I see. I'll go here on Monday then.
A. open B. close C. opened D. closed
( )13. It is _______to work out this problem. You needn't go to the teacher.
A. enough easy B. easily enough C. easy, enough D. very easily
( )14.-- Our holiday was _______. -- Yes, I’ve never had __________.
A. such great, the better one B. greatly, a good one.
C. so great, a better one D. very good, the best one
( )15.-- Mum, could you buy me a dress like this
-- Certainly, we can buy _______one than this, but ________this.
A. a better, better than B. a worse, as good as
C. a cheaper, as good as D. a more important, not as good as
( )16.-- Why don't you ask Tom to do it
-- I don' t know whether he is______ to. He sometimes makes things worse.
A. possible B. able . C. afraid D. easy
( )17. Her mother was out. She stayed at home ______ , but she didn' t feel
A. alone, lonely B. lonely, alone C. alone, alone D; lonely, lonely
( )18. A _______ school boy, LiLida, first tried to swim across the Qiongzhou Channel in June, 2000.
A. 12 - year old B. 12 - years - old C. 12 - year- old D. 12 years old
( )19, In our exam, the____ careful we are, the ______mistakes we’ll make.
A. more, more B. more, less C. less, fewer D. more, fewer
( )20. Jack's brother doesn't work so _________as Jack.
A. harder B. hard C. hardest D. hardly
Ⅱ、Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子)（共6分）
1. Can you give me further ________ on this matter. (inform)
2. He has none of his sister’s ________. (honest)
3. The manager’s office is on the ________ floor. (thirty)
4. I can ________ work out the problem. And you (easy)
5. The girl’s mother was sent to work in Africa as a member of a ________ team. (medicine)
6. The government is going to ________ this road this morning summer. (wide)
Ⅲ、Rewrite the sentences as required.(按要求改写句子，每空格限填一词)（共10分）
1.I found that it was difficult to do the sum. ( 改为简单句 )
I found __________ __________ to do the sum.
2.I didn’t do my homework last night. I played with the piano, instead.
（改写句子，保持句意不变）
I played with the piano _________ _________ doing my homework..
3.“The earth circles round the sun,” said the teacher. ( 合并成一个句子 )
The teacher ________ us that the earth_________ round the sun.
4.This bridge was built over 100 years ago. (改写句子，保持句意不变 )
The bridge _________ more than 100 years ___________ .
5.The bird has filled the bottle with small stones. （变为被动语态）
The bottle has__________ ________ with small stones
语法与词汇（11）
I、
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.A 6.B 7.A 8.A 9.C 10.C
11.B 12.B 13.C 14.C 15.A 16.B 17.A 18.B 19.D 20.A
II、
1.advised 2.exciting 3.convenient 4.inventions 5.collections 6.importance
III、
1.did, he 2.How, soon 3.whether, to 4.never, such 5.without, or
语法与词汇（12）
I、
1.C 2.D 3.B 4.D 5.B 6.D 7.C 8.C 9.D 10.D
11.B 12.A 13.B 14.B 15.B 16.C 17.B 18.A 19.D 20.A
II、
1.Honesty 2.careless 3.arrival 4.easily 5.services 6.impossible
III、
1.None, is 2.Are, made 3.Who, by 4.to, go 5.How, magnificent
语法与词汇（13）
I、
1.C 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.C 6.A 7.A 8.A 9.B 10.C
11.D 12.B 13.A 14.C 15.D 16.D 17.C 18.B 19.C 20.C
II、
1.activities 2.alive 3.articles 4.balonies 5.brightly 6.buttons
III、
1.Does, have 2.Which, boy 3.No, were 4.whether/if, wanted 5.Everyone, except
语法与词汇（14）
I、
1.C 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.D 6.D 7.C 8.B 9.B 10.C
11.C 12.D 13.B 14.B 15.B 16.B 17.D 18.D 19.C 20.C
II、
1.aged 2.amazed 3.awfully 4.bones 5.bright 6.caroots
III、
1.are, planted 2.since, began/started 3.prevented/stopped/kept, arriving
4. wonder, if/whether 5.How soon
语法与词汇（15）
I、
1.B 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.A 6.A 7.B 8.D 9.C 10.D
11.A 12.B 13.C 14.D 15.D 16.D 17.C 18.C 19.D 20.B
II、
1.airlines 2.amazingly 3.awful 4.bravely 5.businesswomen 6.cloudy
III、
1.is, there 2.What, can 3.What, fun 4.has, worked 5.not, to
语法与词汇（16）
I、
1.B 2.D 3.C 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.B 9.A 10.C
11.D 12.A 13.B 14.B 15.D 16.C 17.C 18.D 19.C 20.D
II、
1.changed 2.comfortable 3.enjoyable 4.communications 5.dangerous 6.electric
III、
1.Did, put 2.hates, staying 3.doesn’t, have 4.least, interesting 5.height, as
语法与词汇（17）
I、
1.B 2.C 3.D 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.C 10.C
11.A 12.D 13.D 14.C 15.B 16.B 17.B 18.A 19.D 20.D
II、
1.competition 2.electrical 3.died 4.educational 5.death 6.appeared
III、
1.didn’t, cost 2.weren’t, found 3.save, rich 4.often, does 5.don’t, until/before
语法与词汇（18）
I、
1.A 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.D 6.D 7.A 8.A 9.B 10.B
11.C 12.D 13.C 14.D 15.D 16.A 17.C 18.B 19.B 20.C
II、
1.nationality 2.frozen 3.uncorrected 4.enterance 5.luckily 6.busiest
III、
1.not, met 2.has, been 3.mustn’t, be 4.if, no 5.Neither, has
语法与词汇（19）
I、
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.A 8.B 9.A 10.B
11.A 12.D 13.C 14.C 15.A 16.C 17.C 18.A 19.C 20.D
II、
1.differences 2.leading 3.funniest 4. further 5. friendship 6. noisy
III、
1.Does, do 2.doesn’t, until 3.How, excited 4.How, long 5.has, been
语法与词汇（20）
I、
1.D 2.D 3.C 4.D 5.A 6.D 7.B 8.D 9.C 10.A
11.C 12.D 13.C 14.C 15.C 16.B 17.A 18.C 19.D 20.B
II、
1.information 2. honesty 3. third. 4. easily 5. medical. 6.widen
III、
1.it, difficult 2.instead, of 3.told, circles 4.is, old 5.been, filled
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中考英语语法与词汇满分快车道
导言
对初中学生来说，在中考复习中，对英语语法学习苦无良策，困惑迷茫。为了让参加中考的考生，在较短的时间内熟悉与掌握中考英语的要求，适应新的题型，本书从学生的学习角度学习要求和学习效果出发，精心编制了这本《中开英语语法与词汇满分快车道》。书中内容按中学课程标准知识规定的要求编写，把据语法教学的体系分层进行知识梳理、要点难点解题分析。本书每章均有三部分组成。
1.知识点研究概述——对所涉及语法要点从学生的实际分析、讲解。
2.要点难点分析——对相关语法解题指导，归纳解体思路，增强解体能力。
3.基础能力过关——从解题指导中所获得的知识，巩固知识，熟练掌握基本语法、词汇运用。
本书最后按照中考新题型安排了20套综合练习供学生练习分析。
愿本书成为学生的良师益友，愿学生从中得到解题的快乐。
语言基础知识
第一部分 词汇
词汇是从整句结构上测试对基本词汇运用的准确性，词汇的意义是由一个词汇所处的特定的上下文所决定的。
第一节 知识点概述
词汇辨析题可以分为几类：
一、近义词和同义词
英语中有大量的近义词和同义词，但它们与其他词的搭配关系不完全一致，有时甚至是大相径庭。在某种场合下它们有时可以换用，但在另外一些场合下它们又不能互换。掌握大量的此类近义词同义词是考试制胜的关键。
二、形似词和音似词
英语中有许多词汇外形相似、发音类同，但意义不同，我们应该注意观察，仔细辨清其不同的拼法、读音及含义。
三、短语动词
短语动词是英语中一种使用广泛的重要语言现象，它是由动词和介词或副词连用、表示特定语意的固定结构。正确使用这类短语动词是英语学习的一大难点。
四、具有特定搭配关系的词汇
英语词语的特定搭配是英语学习中的一个重要项目，也是词汇测试的一个重点。为克服受母语影响而产生的错误，我们必须重视学习符合英美人习惯的词语搭配。
五、习语、成语及固定词组
英语中有大量约定俗成的习语、成语及固定词组，它们中有相当一部分往往从字面上是猜不出其正确含义的。要掌握它们，广泛以及记忆背诵是必不可少的。
六、固定结构中的词汇
英语中有些词汇仅用于一些固定结构中，而其他一些同义或近义的词汇则不能替换。学生应熟悉这些固定结构，以提高应试能力。
七、涉及语法现象的词汇
有许多词汇辨析题并不局限于纯粹的词汇意义及搭配的区分，而往往与英语语法有一定的联系。掌握基本的英语语法对正确解答词汇辨析题也起到了至关重要的作用。
第二节 实战演练
一、例题选讲
例1、Try to ______ Johnny to attend the party.
A. get B. let C. have D. make
答案为A。在四个选项中，只有动词get的宾语补足语中要带to的动词不定式。根据语法，其余三个词的宾补中只能用省to的不定式。
例2、He looked ______at us and said nothing.
A. friendly B. lively C. sadly D. lovely
答案为C。从句中at us 可以看出，句中的look应为实义动词“看”，而不是连系动词“看起来”，因此空格中应填入一个副词，而不能填入形容词。四个选项中只有sadly是副词，故C为正确项。
例3、When I open the door, a parcel on the floor ______ my eye.
A. met B. caught C. drew D. attacted
答案为B。本题考查动词句型结构及含义。我一打开门就看到地板上的包裹，catch one’s eye为固定搭配，意思为引起注意。
例4、Some passengers complain that it usually ______ so long to fill in travel insurance documents.
A. costs B. takes C. spends D. spares
答案为B。it takes +时间+to do sth.花……时间做某事，spend主语一般用人做主语，而sth. cost sb. money，spare通常用人做主语，表示“抽出”。
例5、The taxi driver told passengers to ______ their belongings when they leave the car.
A. keep B. catch C. hold D. take
答案为D。此题考查动词词义。Take为拿走、带走。
例6、Can you ______ it in English
A. speak B. say C. tell D. talk
答案为B。say为“说出”、“说道”，强调说话内容，speak强调说话的动作，常作“说话”、“发言”解。说某种语言也用speak，talk意为“告诉”、“讲述”，有传达或通知的意思，也用于tell a story。
二、复习时需要注意的要点
（1） 意近义动词在词义上的区别，例如：borrow与lend，send、bring、carry与fetch等。
（2） 有些近义动词虽然在汉语意思上看不出区别，但要注意它们在含义和使用场合的区别，例如：start与begin，try与manage等。
（3） 忆词汇时我们不应该孤立地去背单词的中文意思，而要花气力记住单词在句子中的用法，即要记住+该词de +常用搭配及习惯句型。
（4） 平时学习中要多读文章，提高在语境中领悟词语的能力。
第三节 巩固练习Choice1.Great changes ______ in China these years.
A. happen B. happens C. have taken place D. takes place
2.The mother ______her daughter when I came in.
A. was wearing B. was putting on C. was dressing D. was having on
3.He ______ a new T-shirt today.
A. is putting in B. is wearing C. is dressing D. is having on
4.I ______ at the bus stop at 7:00 every day.
A. arrive B. reach C. get D. arrive in
5.Mary ______ to school at 7:30 every morning.
A. gets B. arrives C. reaches D. get
6.When does the train ______ in Shanghai
A. arrives B. arrive C. get D. reach
7.She was ______ a yellow coat.
A. wearing in B. wearing C. dressing D. having on
8.If anything ______ to the machine, please let me know.
A. happen B. happens C. take place D. takes place
9.How much does this pen ______
A. spend B. cost C. pay D. take
10.A: Sorry, I’ve broken your coffee cup. I’ll ______ you for it. B: That’s all right.
A. cost B. spend C. take D. pay
11.All his pocket money is ______ playing video games.
A. spent B. cost C. taken D. paid
12.You will never achieve anything if you don’t work harder.
A. gain B. buy C. receive D. make
13.The children under 14 should take part in different kinds of ______.
A. actions B. actors C. activity D. activities
14.Nothing can make me ______ my country.
A. turn against B. turn by C. take against D. take by
15.There are more than one hundred airlines over Shanghai, so it is convenient for people to travel around the worlds.
A. railways B. airways C. air-roads D. highways
16.To our joy, the wounded was still ______ when we got to the front.
A. living B. lives C. alive D. life
17. The lawyer argued about the case for hours, but they didn’t make a solution at last.
A. fought B. discussed C. discuss D. fight
18.The boy doesn’t usually do this homework. He ______ by computer games too much.
A. attracts B. is attracted C. attacks D. is attacked
19.It’s awful to walk in the streets when the weather is wet.
A. careful B. terrible C. happy D. sad
20.They don’t feel hungry. They only want to have a drink. So they walk into the ______.
A. restaurant B. bar C. bookstore D. library
21.Do you know anything about the battle of Waterloo
A. strike B. war C. quarrel D. beat
22.There is a broadcast of a football match on Channel5.
A. programme B. notice C. item D. event
23.The soldier was praised for fighting ______ in battle.
A. heavily B. timidly C. happily D. bravely
24.It’s a ______ mistake among beginners in English.
A. careful B. nearly C. common D. unusual
25.His father died and left him a business ______ and all his money.
A. work B. part C. bund D. company
26.It’s common knowledge SARS is a ______ illness.
A. safe B. wonderful C. surprising D. dangerous
27.It is important for us to have a balanced ______.
A. diet B. food C. medicine D. meal
28.The poor beggar felt even colder since the sun ______ behind the cloud.
A. go B. hide C. appeared D. disappeared
29.I’m ______ a letter from my cousin. He flew to Canada on a business trip last week.
A. hoping B. wishing C. expecting D. needing
30.When I was young, I ______ becoming a pilot.
A. thought of B. enjoyed C. liked D. dreamed of
31.You’d better ______ your work. It’s dangerous.
A. look out B. be careful with C. look after D. take care of
32.The boy ______ give up at last after he had tried several times.
A. had to B. failed in C. plans to D. wants to
33.Unluckily, the thieves ______ his house and took away something important.
A. broke down B. broke into C. broke off D. broke out
34.He didn’t die from a wound. In fact he died ______ a fever.
A. from B. out C. of D. off
35.Don’t shout at him. ______, he is only six years old.
A. After that B. After all C. In all D. All along
36.After hearing the ______ news, he jumped up with joy.
A. excellent B. sad C. terrible D. bad
37.She ______ to find a person who is willing to give blood to her son.
A. would expect B. expected C. is expecting D. had expected
38.In the past, seamen could only ______ with their families by mail when they were on the sea.
A. communicate B. speak C. tell D. say
39.It’s amazing that he got his doctor’s ______before he was 20 years old.
A. degree B. book C. level D. choice
40.We may go to the ______ for lunch. There are a number if dished we can choose from.
A. dressing-room B. meal room C. waiting room D. dining-room
41.His grandfather is an ______ man. He retired last year.
A. old B. aged C. older D. elder
42.We are ______ to hear that the little boy can run at an ______ speed.
A. amazed, amazed B. amazing, amazing C. amazed, amazing D. amusing, amused
43.There is an interesting article on education. Have you read it
A. book B. topic C. composition D. title
44.The Japanese enemies failed to attack the village last night.
A. fight against B. turn against C. take against D. keep against
45.There are more and more famous ______ in Shanghai and they are also good fathers, too.
A. businessmen B. businessmans C. businesswomans D. businesswomen
46.There will be a ______ performance at the Grand Theater tonight.
A. charity B. help C. chance D. nature
47.He went to ______ school because he was living in a poor family.
A. modern B. private C. charity D. rich
48.‘Who Moved My ______’ is my favorite book. It tells us an amazing way to deal with changes in our work and in our life.
A. Cheese B. Chairs C. Charity D. Cheeks
49.Gloria and Arthur have lived in Boston along the east ______ of American for many years.
A. coast B. beach C. seaside D. bank
50.A good learning ______ is necessary for children.
A. environment B. situation C. happiness D. joy
答案
1.C 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.A 6.B 7.B 8.B 9.B 10.D
11.A 12.A 13.D 14.A 15.B 16.C 17.B 18.B 19.B 20.B
21.B 22.A 23.D 24.C 25.C 26.D 27.A 28.D 29.C 30.D
31.B 32.A 33.B 34.A 35.A 36.A 37.C 38.A 39.A 40.D
41.D 42.C 43.C 44.A 45.A 46.A 47.C 48.A 49.C 50.A
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中考英语词汇与语法满分快车道书稿
第十五章 主谓一致
主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持数的一致关系。有些句子不易直接看出主语的单复数，需仔细推敲，处理主谓一致要注意语法一致，意义上一致和就近一致
第一节 知识点概述
一、语法上的一致
一个句子的主语是单数时，谓语动词也应是单数形式，主语是复数，谓语动词也用复数形式。例如：
Learning English is very important.
学习英语是很重要的。
The girl together with her two sisters has left for Nanjing.
Both Bob and Tom are my friends.
但如果并列的主语指的是同一个人，同一类物，谓语动词要用单数形式。
例如：A singer and dancer is going to attend our meeting.
由and连接的并列单数主语前，如果分别有each, every等修饰时，谓语要用单数。
例如：Every boy and every girl was given a present.
Each word and each phrase in the dictionary is important.
二、意义上的一致
主语形式是单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词根据意义要用复数，反之主语形式为复数，但意义为单数，谓语动词也用单数。如表示一笔钱，一段时间，一定重量时，这些单位虽是复数形式，但谓语动词是单数形式。
例如：It seems to me that five years is so short a time.
Two hundred dollars was spent on the books.
有些集体名词，如family, group, class等作主语时，作为整体看待，谓语动词要用单数，就其中一个个成员而言，谓语要用复数。
例如：My family is a happy one.
My family are watching TV.
三、就近一致
谓语动词的人称单复数和最近的主语保持一致。There be, Here be句型中动词的单复数必须与后置的主语保持一致。当be后面的主语有两个或两个以上的并列成分时，be动词往往与最临近的一个部分一致。
例如：There is an orange, two apples and many bananas on the table.
There are two books and a dictionary on the desk.
两个做主语的名词或代词由either…or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also等连接时，谓语动词用靠近原则。
例如：Neither you nor I am right.
Not only the students but also the teacher is going to attend the meeting.
但如果用as well as连接两个主语用靠前原则
例如：Mary as well as Bob is my friend.
第二节 实战演练
一、例题选讲
例1 判断改错：Each of them have an apple. A B C DMaths are a difficult subject. A B C DThe football team is playing very hard. A B C DWhat he said are very clear. A B C D
答案： C B B C
提示： （1）have改为has。因为each of做主语，谓语动词用单数。（2）应改为is，因为maths并非复数。（3）is要改为are，这里team表示队员，谓语动词用复数。（4）改为is，what he said是主语从句。谓语动词要用单数。
例2 用所给词的适当形式填空：(1) with my parents __________(be) going to Beijing for summer holiday.(2) Neither I nor he __________(like) football.Five yuan __________(be) enough to pay for a meal.(4) The number of students in our school __________(be) over two thousand.
答案： am, likes, is, is
提示： （1）主语后接with或together with引起的短语时，其人称单复数的概念不变。（2）neither…nor等结构连接主语时，谓语动词与邻近的一个一致。（3）表示时间金钱等概念的名词做主语时，谓语动词用单数。（4）the number of指……的数量，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
二、复习时需要注意的要点
（1） 集体名词看作整体时，谓语动词用单数，看作各个成员时，谓语用复数。
例如：His family isn’t large
His family are all fond of music.
（2） 有些名词如news, maths, physics等虽然常有词尾“s”但定义上是单数，谓语动词要用单数
例如：The news is wonderful.
Physics is an interesting subject.
（3） 由数词+表示重量、里程、时间、金钱等名词所构成的复数名词主语，是当作一个整体看待的，后面用单数动词。
例如：Five minutes is too short.
Ten dollars is enough.
（4） 主语后面跟有介词with或together with 引导的短语时，谓语动词一般与前面的主语的人称和数一致。
例如：The teacher together with ten students is doing an experiment in the lab.
（5） 主语前有every或each修饰时，无论有几个主语，谓语动词用单数。
例如：Every teacher and every student in our school has been to the Century Park.
第三节 巩固练习
一、选择填空
1. You and I __________ of the same age.
A. am B. are C. be D. is
2. Three years __________ not a long time.
A. is B. are C. has D. be
3. His family __________ going to have a long journey.
A. has B. have C. is D. are
4. Two hours __________ enough for me to finish the work.
A. is B. are C. have D. were
5. It __________ John and Mike who cleaned the classroom.
A. are B. were C. was D. has been
6. There __________ a lot of waste paper in his desk.
A. has B. is C. are D. have
7. He is one of the children who __________ fond of playing football.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
8. Everyone in the class __________ very happy.
A. am B. is C. are D. were
9. Half of the money __________ mine.
A. am B. is C. are D. were
10. Not only I but also Fangfang __________ interested in the film.
A. am B. is C. were D. are
11. This pair of glasses __________ me.
A. don’t fit B. doesn’t fit C. fits not D. not fit
12. He or I __________ right.
A. are B. is C. am D. be
13. No news __________ good news.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
14. The police __________ over there.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
15. Neither of the students __________ got their test paper.
A. have B. has C. is D. are
16. Every student and every teacher __________.
A. are going to attend the meeting
B. have attend the meeting
C. has attended the meeting
D. is attended the meeting
17. Half of the workers here __________ under twenty __________.
A. is…years B. are…year old
C. is…years old D. are…years old
18. The number of pages in the dictionary __________ about two thousand.
A. are B. has C. have D. is
19. Nothing but six chairs __________ in the room.
A. are B. is stayed C. is D. are left
20. Many a student __________ interested in the film.
A. is B. are C. have D. were
二、改错
( ) 1. Do you know when the United States were founded
A B C D
( ) 2. He has made such rapid progresses in learning English that he is able to talk to us in
A B C
English.
D
( ) 3. It was my parents that was watching TV when I came in.
A B C D
( ) 4. There are a pen, a notebook and two books on the desk.
A B C D
( ) 5. Neither he nor I are interested in this book.
A B C D
( ) 6. Either you or your monitor have to attend the League meeting this afternoon.
A B C D
( ) 7. A lot of works has to be finished today.
A B C D
( ) 8. There will be a sport meeting in our school next month.
A B C D
( ) 9. The maths teacher, like many teachers, enjoy listening to music.
A B C D
( ) 10. One and a half apples are left on the table.
A B C D
三、用括号中适当词的形式填空：
1. We ear more __________ (fruit) than they do.
2. The man over there has brown __________ (hair).
3. Which do you like better, __________ (potato) or __________ (tomato)
4. There are three __________ (woman cook) in this hotel.
5. Two __________ (German) came to our school yesterday.
6. The two __________ (thief) broke the table.
7. One hundred __________ (dollar) is equal to about eight hundred __________ (yuan).
8. There are a lot of __________ (people) on the playground.
9. There are five __________ (dictionary) on the bookshelf.
10. __________ (thank) to my teacher’s help, I passed the exam.
四、用括号中动词的适当形式填空：
1. The Chinese people __________(be) a great people.
2. Neither you nor I __________(be) right.
3. Nobody but Tim and Tom __________(be) in the room.
4. Fangfang as well as his friends __________(like) pop songs.
5. On the table __________(stand) two bottles.
6. There __________(come) our headmaster.
7. Li Fang like many girls __________(like) dancing.
8. Every boy and every girl __________(want) to go there.
9. Three-fourths of the surface of the earth __________(be) sea.
10. Seventy percent of the students in our class __________(be) League members.
五、将下列句子译成中文
1. 我们班每个男同学都喜欢下棋。
2. 她的衣服是自己做的。
3. 我们全家人都喜欢体育运动。
4. 在我国，老人们受到很好的照顾。
5. 我们班的人数是50人。
6. 我和你的答案都不正确吗？
7. 他的房间里有一张桌子和四把椅子。
8. 一位歌舞演员将来出席我们的会议。
答案
I、
1.B 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.B 8.B 9.B 10.B
11.B 12.A 13.D 14.A 15.C 16.B 17.B 18.B 19.B 20.B
II、
1.D (was) 2.B (progress)
3.C (were) 4.A (is)
5.B (am) 6.C (has)
7.B (work) 8.C (sports)
9.B (enjoys) 10.C (is)
III、
1.fruit 2.hair 3.potatoes tomatoes
4.women cooks 5.Germans 6.thieves
7.dollars yuan 8.people
9.dictionaries 10.Thanks
IV、
1.are 2.am 3.is 4.likes 5.stand
6.comes 7.likes 8.wants 9.is 10.are
V、
1. Each boy in our class likes playing chess.
2. His clothes are made by herself.
3. Our family like sports.
4. In our country, the old are taken good care of.
5. The number of students in our class is fifty.
6. Is neither your answer nor mine correct
7. There is a table and four chairs in his room.
8. A singer and dancer will attend our meeting.
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中考英语词汇与语法满分快车道书稿
第十章 被动语态
英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。例如：
He wrote a novel.（主语he 是动作wrote 的执行者，是主动语态。）
The classroom was cleaned by him yesterday.（主语the classroom 是动作的承受者，是被动语态。）
第一节 知识点概述
一、被动语态的构成
英语动词的被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。助动词be必须与主语的人称和数量保持一致，并有时态的变化。例如：
The man was fooled by the two boys.
The book has been translated into several languages.
二、被动语态的用法
（1）动作的执行者不知道是谁或难以说明时常用被动语态。例如：
Street lights are often turned on at six in winter.
The new test book will be used next term.
（2）当动作的承受者比起动作的执行者来说更能引起人们的关心而需要加以强调时，要用被动语态。例如：
This kind of bicycle is not sold in our shop.
The thief was caught by a policeman yesterday.
（3）含有双宾语的句子，主动句中的间接宾语或者直接宾语都可变为被动语态中的一个主语，另一个保留不变。变为主语的若是主动句中的直接宾语在变为间接宾语前则需加介词to 或for。
例如：The pianist gave the pupils some advice.
间接宾语 直接宾语
→The pupils were given some advice by the pianist.
→Some advice was given to the pupils by the pianist.
(4)在主动语态句中动词make、have、let、see、watch、hear、feel等后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，动词不定式不加to。但变成被动语态时后面的不定式都须加上to。
例如：The boss made them work ten hours a day.
→They were made to work ten hours a day.
A boy saw him enter the house.
→He was seen to enter the house.
三、被动语态的时态
初中英语教材中出现了五种时态的被动语态及带有情态动词的被动语态。
（1） 一般现在时
构成：助动词be + 动词的过去分词
例如：This kind of car is made in shanghai.
English is spoken in many countries.
(2) 一般过去时
构成：助动词was/were + 动词的过去分词
例如：The bridge was built in 1992.
Was this novel written by his father
(3) 一般将来时
构成：will/be going to do + be + 动词的过去分词
例如：These books are going to be posted tomorrow.
The baby will be taken good care of in the hospital.
(4) 现在完成时
构成：助动词have/has + been + 动词的过去分词
例如：Has his work been finished
We haven’t been invited to the party.
(5) 现在进行时
构成：be + being + 动词的过去分词
例如：A new bridge is being built in my hometown.
The problem is being discussed by the students.
(6) 带有情态动词的被动语态
构成：情态动词 + be + 动词的过去分词
例如：Can this walkman be repaired here
Your composition must be handed in tomorrow.
第二节 实战演练
一、例题选讲
例1 Jack (be) in hospital now. He (send) there yesterday.
答案： Is, was sent
提示： 由于now表示的是现在，会想到用现在进行时，而这里的动词be表示状态，不能用进行时，句子的主语he是动作的承受者，要用被动语态。
例2 Macao (return) to China on December 20, 1999.
答案： returned
提示： 本句有一个明确的时间状语，要用一般过去时。句意是“1999年12月20日澳门回归祖国”。return既可作及物动词，也能作不及物动词。由于本句立足于“澳门在1999年回归”，不强调“由谁归还”这一动作，所以一般用主动语态。
例3 My bike (move) away from this side. I asked the man why this (do).
答案： has been moved, had been done
提示： 第一句主要陈述此事与现在有关，用现在完成时，第二句从句中的动作发生在主句前，主句用一般过去时，从句要用过去完成时。这两句中的动作均有被动意义，要用被动语态。
例4 A lot of water (waste) every day. It’s a serious problem
答案： is wasted
提示： 表示每天都如此的习惯性状态，用一般现在时，水是“被浪费的”，要用被动语态。
例5 When wet clothes are hung up near a fire, steam can soon be seen (rise) from them.
答案： rising
提示： 这道题是被动语态，要求用非谓语动词作主语补足语，现在分词和动词不定式都是非谓语动词，两者都可以作宾语补足语或主语补足语，但用法不同。现在分词作补语时，表示动作正在进行。此句是表示水蒸气正在从湿衣服上升起，用现在分词表示。
例6 A strange man was seen (enter) the office ten minutes ago.
答案： to enter
提示： 这道题也是被动语态，要求用非谓语动词形式填空。用动词不定式作补语表示动作的全过程。句中的“进入”，是十分钟前看到的动作的全过程，用不定式表示。在主动句中省略“to”，在被动句中要加“to”。
二、复习时需要注意的要点
（1）由主动语态改为被动语态的步骤：
①主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态句中的主语；
②主动语态句中的动词改为相应的被动语态；
③主动语态句中的主语变为被动语态句中by的宾语。
（2）主动语态句中的谓语动词带有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语时，转换方法有两种：
①把间接宾语转化为主语，保留直接宾语
②把直接宾语转化为主语，保留间接宾语。此时，一般需在间接宾语前加适当的介词。
（3）在短语see sb. do sth. 中，动词see后跟不带to的不定式作宾补。改为被动语态时要加上to。用于这一结构的谓语动词一般是表示知觉的动词如see, hear等，以及使役动词make, let等。
第三节 巩固练习
Ⅰ.把下列主动语态改为被动语态:
1． We often use a recorder in our English class.
2． They will show a new film next week.
3． When did they build the house
4． I saw the boy enter the room.
5． Will they show a new film next week
6． Have they posted the letter yet
7． We often see him help his classmate.
8． You must turn off the light before you go to be.d
9． Who is repairing the bike
10． The student should learn all the texts by heart.
Ⅱ.选择填空:
1.The reading room ________ yesterday afternoon.
A. cleaned B. is cleaned C. was cleaning D. was cleaned
2.The workers were made ________ ten hours a day.
A. work B. to work C. working D. worked
3.Food ________ in a cool place in summer.
A. must keep B. mustn’t keep C. must be kept D. mustn’t be kept
4.His father ________ to work in Hong Kong 3 years ago.
A. sent B. was sent C. has sent D. has been sent
5.The pen ________ well.
A. writes B. is written C. was written D. writing
6.Great changes ________ in the town since 1988.
A. have taken place B. have been taken place
C. has taken place D. has been taken place
7.Our compositions must ________ next Monday.
A. be hand in B. be handed in C. handed in D. be handing in
8.The child will ________ back to his parents next month.
A. sent B. send C. be sent D. be sending
9.________ his work ________ yet
A. have…been finished B. has …been finished
C. has …finished D. have…finished
10.The classroom ________ now
A. is cleaning B. is being cleaning
C. is being cleaned D. is cleaned
Ⅲ.用适当时态和语态的动词填空:
1． Can he ________ (speak) English
2． What language ________ (speak) in that country
3． The film ________ (show) many times since last Sunday.
4． These TV sets ________ (make) in SiChuan.
5． It has got so dark. Would you please ________ (turn) on the light
6． A new hospital ________ (build) in this area now.
7． ________ the book ________ (return).
8． Rice ________ (grow) in the south.
9． The window ________ (not break) by the boy.
10． I ________ (tell) he ________ (not come) just now.
答案
I、
1.A recorder is often used in our English class.
2.A new film will be shown by then next week.
3.When was the house built by them
4.The boy was seen to enter the room.
5.Will a new film be shown by them next week
7.He is often seen to help his classmate.
8.The light must be turned off before you go to bed.
9.Who is the bike being repaired by
(By whom is the bike being repaired )
10.All the texts should be learned by heart by the students.
II、
1.D 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.C
III、
1.speak 2.is spoken 3.has been shown
4.are made 5.turn 6.is being built
7.Has returned 8.is grown 9.wasn’t broken
10.was told didn’t come
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中考英语词汇与语法满分快车道书稿
第三章 冠词
冠词是一种辅助性的词，不可在句中独立担任一个成分。放在名词前，帮助说明名词的含义，使用极为频繁。冠词有不定冠词（a, an）和定冠词（the）两种。a和an的基本含义是“一，一个”，表示泛指，不强调数目观念，只表示名词不是特定的；the的基本含义是“这个，那个”，表示特指，在可数的单复数名词或不可数名词前面都可以用。冠词本身是虚词，没有意义，同时也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义
第一节 知识点概述
一、不定冠词
不定冠词用a还是an由后面一个词的首音（不是辅音字母）决定。以元音开头的词前用an，以辅音（包括半元音，不是元音字母）开头的词前用a。例如：
辅音字母开头：a tree, a university, a house, a European country, a one-eyed man
元音或半元音开头：an apple, an umbrella, an hour, an elephant, an opera
值得注意的是：
1．如果不定冠词后面第一个词以元音字母u开头就用a。例如university, useless, useful, unit, uniform。
2．如果不定冠词后面第一个词以不发音的h开头，而h后面第一个音的音素是元音因素，就用an。例如hour, honest。
3．如果不定冠词和名词前有其他词，不定冠词的形式仍取决于它后面第一个词的语音形式。例如an actress, a beautiful actress。
不定冠词的用法如下：
1．用在单数可数名词前，表示一类人或事物，如：
A dictionary is a useful book.
An underground train can start and stop quickly.
2．说明某人或某东西属于哪一类，如：
This is a book.
He used to be an engineer.
3．泛指某人或某物，但未具体说明何人、何物，如：
A boy is waiting for me.
Give me a pen, please.
4．表示数量，有“一”的意思，如：
Behind the house there is a garden.
once a week.
5．用于某些固定词组中，如：
a few, a little, a lot of, a number of, just a minute, in a hurry, for a while, for a long time, a cup of, a bottle of, have a rest, have a talk, have a fever, have a good time, have(take) a walk, have a toothache, take a bath, give a lesson
二、定冠词
定冠词的用法如下：
1．指彼此都知道的人或事物，如：
Open the door, please.
Go and close the window.
2．特指某（些）人或某（些）事物，如：
The girl in red is my sister.
The man over there is our English teacher.
The book on the desk is mine.
3．指前面提到过的人或事物，如：
Here is a picture of a modern car factory. My father works in the factory.
4．用在序数词和形容词最高级前,在方位词前。如：
The Nile is the longest river in the world.
He won the first prize.
The sun rises in the east.
5．用在某些名词化的形容词，过去分词前，表示一类人或事物， 如：
the rich, the sick, the new , the false
6．用在某些专用名词前， 如：
the Great Wall
the People’s Republic of China
the United Nations
the Netherlands
7．在江河、海洋、山脉、湖泊、群岛的名称的前面，如：
the North China Plain
the Rocky Mountains
the Yangtse River
8．在一些用语中，如：
in the morning(/afternoon/evening), in the day, by the way, on the whole, the next morning, all the year around, the other day, at the same time
三、不用冠词的情况
1．在不含普通名词或只有一个普通名词专有名词前，如：
China, Beihai Park
2．名词前面已有用作定语的 this, that, my, your, some, any 等代词前，如：
The letter is from my father.
I have a book in my hand.
3．在复数名词表示一类人或事物时，如：
Horses are useful animals.
I like cakes.
4．在节日名称，（称呼语和表示官衔的名词前）星期、月份、季节前。如：
Today is Sunday.
Spring is the best season in the year.
Children’s Day
5．在某些固定搭配和习惯用语中，如：
go to school , be in hospital, be in prison
6．一天三餐，球类运动的名称前，如:
I like to play basketball.
We have lunch at school.
第二节 实战演练
一、例题选讲
例1 There is “h” in word “photo”．
A． a，a B． an，the
C． the，an D． an，an
答案： B
提示： h虽然是辅音字母，但发的音是元音音素开头的，因此要用an，而word 是特指，所以后面要用the。
例2 She is honest girl．
A． an B． a
C． / D． the
答案： A
提示： “honest”中h是不发音的，因此这个单词是元音音素开头的。
例3 He goes to school after breakfast．
A． / B． the
C． an D． a
答案： A
提示： 在表示三顿饭前不用定冠词。
例4 Browns are going to visit Yangtse River. It is longest river in China and third longest river in world
A． The…the…the…the…the…the B． The…the…the…/…the…the
C． /…the…the…the…/…the D． The…/…the…the…the…the
答案： B
提示： the+姓氏的复数形式表示一家人，在江河、海洋、山脉、湖泊、群岛的名称的前面要用定冠词the，而形容词最高级前面通常要加定冠词the，the+序数词+最高级表示第几，而in the world表示在世界上。
二、复习时需要注意的要点
（1）在school, college, university, hospital, prison, church, class, table, bed等表示机构名称、组织名称和家具的名词前，用定冠词和用不定冠词意义有差异。用定冠词强调处所，而不用定冠词意义有所引申。比较：
at table 就餐
at the table 坐在桌边
go to school 去上学
go to the school 去这个学校
in hospital 住院
in the hospital 在这家医院
go to prison （违法而）进监狱
go to the prison 到监狱
go to church 做礼拜
go to the church 到教堂
in class 在课堂上
in the class 在班级里
（2）在某些词前用不同冠词（定冠词、不定冠词和零冠词），意义大不相同，例如：
a little/few 有一点
little/few 几乎没有
a number of 许多
the number of ……的数目
in front of 在……前面
in the front of 在……前部
take place 发生
take the place of 代替
out of the question 根本不可能
out of question 没有问题
the most beautiful 最漂亮
most beautiful 非常漂亮
for a moment 片刻
for the moment 暂时
第三节 巩固练习
I. ?冠词填空：在下列句中空白处填入适当冠词，不需用冠词处划×。
1．There is _______ picture of _______ elephant on _______ wall．
2．This is _______ useful book．I've read it for _______ hour．
3． _______ elephant is much heavier than _______ horse．
4． _______ doctor told him to take _______ medicine three times _______ day．
5．Let's go out for _______ walk．
6．It's too hot．Open _______ door，please．
7．There is _______ woman over there． _______ woman is Meimei's mother．
8． _______ sun rises in _______ east．
9． _______ Changjiang River is _______ longest river in _______ China．
10．Are you going to do it _______ second time？
11．Washington is _______ capital of _______ USA．
12． _______ Turners are living at the end of _______ Turner Street．
13．He joined the army in _______ spring of _______ 1995．
14． _______ old man is _______ teacher．He likes playing _______ basketball after _______ supper．
15．After I had _______ quick breakfast，I hurried to school．
16．Are _______ sheep kept by _______ farmers for producing _______ wool and _______ meat？
17．They went to _______ People's Park，but we both went to _______ People's Cinema yesterday．
18．I often watch _______ TV in _______ evening．
19． _______ day of _______ December 20，1999 is Monday．
20．Tomorrow is _______ Christmas Day and my father and I went to choose _______ Christmas tree today．
21．I think _______ maths is more important than any other subject．
22．He often goes to _______ school by _______ bike．
23．What does this _______ word mean， _______ Father？
24．What _______ important news！
II.选择填空。
1．—Does Jim have _______ ruler？
—Yes，he has _______ ．
A．an；some B．a；one C．a；／ D．any；one
2．There is _______ old bike． _______ old bike is Mr Zhao's．
A．an ；The B．the；An C．a；The D．the；The
3． _______ apple a day keeps the doctors aw ay．
A．The B．A C．An D．Two
4．—How many books do you have？
—I have _______ book．That's _______ English book．
A．a；an B．a；one C．one；an D．one；one
5．At that time Tom was _______ one-year-old baby．
A．a B．an C．the D．／
6． _______ tiger is _______ China．
A．The；a B．A；the C．The；from D．The；the
7．We can't see _______ sun at _______ night．
A．the；the B．the；／ C．a；／ D．／；／
8． _______ useful book it is！
A．What an B．How a C．What a D．What
9．One afternoon he found _______ handbag．There was _______ “s”on the corner of _______ handbag．
A．a；an；the B．a；a；the C．an；an；an D．the；a；a
10． _______ old lady with white hair spoke _______ English well at _______ meeting．
A．An；an；a B．The；／；an C．The；／；a D．The；／；the
11． _______ Great Wall is _______ longest wall in the world．
A．A；a B．The；the C．A；the D．The；a
12． _______ new bridge has been built over Huangpu River．
A．The；a B．A；／ C．A；the D．An；the
13． _______ woman over there is _______ popular teacher in our school．
A．A；an B．The；a C．The；the D．A；the
14．He used to be _______ teacher but later he turned _______ writer．
A．a；a B．a；the C．／；a D．a；／
15．They made him _______ king．
A．a B．the C．an D．／
16．His father is _______ English teacher．He works in our school．
A．a B．an C．the D．／
17．Is he _______ American boy ？
A．an B．a C．one D．／
18．Does Tom often play _______ football after _______ school？
A．／；／ B．／；the C．the；／ D．a；／
19．They passed our school _______ day before yesterday．
A．an B．one C．a D．the
20．Australia is _______ English-speaking country．
A．a B．an C．the D．／
21．She has _______ orange skirt． _______ skirt is nice．
A．a；The B．an；The C．an；A D．the；The
22．This is _______ apple．It's _______ big apple．
A．an；a B．a；the C．a；an D．an；the
23．Look at _______ horse over there．
A．a B．an C．the D．／
24．Don't play _______ basketball here．It's dangerous．
A．a B．an C．／ D．the
25．There is _______ old woman in the car．
A．／ B．the C．a D．an
26．Beijing is _______ beautiful city．It's _______ capital of China．
A．a；a B．the；the C．／；the D．a；the
27．Shanghai is in _______ east of China．
A．／ B．an C．a D．the
28．I've been a student there for nearly two and _______ half years．
A．a B．an C．the D．／
29．Bill is _______ English teacher．He likes playing _______ football．
A．a；the B．an；the C．a；／ D．an；／
30．The museum is quite far．It will take you half _______ hour to get there by _______ bus．
A．an；／ B．an；a C．a；／ D．／；／
答案与详解
I．1．a；an；the
2．a；an。第一个空的a是泛指，第二个空的an是指“一小时”。
3．An；a。这两个空都是泛指，故都用不定冠词。
4．The；the；a。前两个空都是特指，故填the；后一个空中的a相当于every或each，three times a day意为“一天三次”。
5．a。go out for a walk意为“出去散步”。
6．the
7．a；The。前者泛指，后者特指。
8．The；the。第一个空用the表示太阳是世界上独一无二的物体；第二个空用the是因为在方位词的前面一般用定冠词。
9．The；the，×。第一空用the是因为在河流名称的前面用定冠词；第二空用the是因为在形容词最高级前面用定冠词；第三空“零”冠词是因为专有名词前一般不加冠词。
10．a。a second time意为“再一次”、“另一次”。the second time意为“第二次”。此句填a是表示动作的重复，而不能用the（表顺序）。
11．the；the。第一个the是特指美国的首都。第二个the是在由普通名词构成的专有名词前应加定冠词。
12．The。“the ＋姓氏的复数”表示“一家人”或“夫妻二人”。由普通名词构成的专有名词前应加the。
13．the；×。表示在某一年的季节名称前应加定冠词。
14．The a；×；×。在球类名称前不加冠词。泛指的三餐名称前不加冠词。
15．a。三餐名称前若有形容词，则可在形容词前加冠词，此处是泛指，故用a。
16．×；×；×；×。此句意为“农民养羊是为了产毛和肉吗？”前两个空也可填定冠词，意为：“那些农民养的那些羊是为了产毛和肉吗？”
17．the；the。普通名词构成的专有名词前应加the。
18．×；the。TV前不加冠词。“早、午、晚”名词前加冠词。
19．The；×；×。第一空是特指。日期名词前不加冠词。
20?×；a21．×。学科名称前一般不加冠词。
22．×；×。go to school上学。by bike骑自行车。
23．×；×。指示代词不能与定冠词连用。
24?×。注意news是不可数名词，故不能加a。
II．
1．B。第一空是泛指；第二空的one是不定代词，用以替代前面的ruler。
2．A
3．C。这是一句谚语，意思是“一天吃一个苹果，用不着看医生。”
4．C。one强调数量，用以回答“Howmany．．．？”问句；第二个空是泛指，故用an。
5．A。one虽以元音字母开头，但以辅音音素〔w〕开头，故填a。
6．C。此句意为：“这只老虎来自中国。”
7．B。在“太阳、月亮、地球”的前面一般都加定冠词the；at night“在夜晚”，注意该短语中没有冠词。
8?C
9．A。“s”虽为辅音字母，但却以元音音素〔e〕开头，故填an。
10．D。第一个空填the，是特指那个“白发老太太”；第二个空不填冠词，是因为在语言名称前面一般不加冠词。English后面如有language，就得说the English language。“在会议上”应为at the meeting。
11．B。the Great Wall长城。
12．C。第一个空是泛指，用a；第二个空是河流名称，故用the。
13．B。第一个空：“那边的那个妇女”，是特指；第二个空是指那个妇女的身份、职业，是泛指。
14．D。第一个空是泛指；第二个空用“零冠词”是因为turn后面的名词前一般都不加冠词。
15．D。表示某人的职位时可用“零冠词”。
16．B17．A 18．A。after school放学以后。
19．D。the day before yesterday前天。
20．B21．B。第一空泛指，第二空特指。
22．A。两个空都是泛指。
23．C
24．C
25．D
26．D
27．D。in the east of在某地区（内）的东部。
28．A。two and a half years也可说成two years and a half，意思都是“两年半”。
29?D
30?A。half an hour半小时，by bus乘公共汽车。
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中考英语词汇与语法满分快车道书稿
第七章 连词
连词在句中的作用是把词与词、短语与短语、句子与句子连接起来。它不能在句中单独作句子成分。
第一节 知识点概述
并列连词和从属连词的用法
连词是连结单词、短语、从句或句子的虚词， 在句子中不单独作句子成份。
连词按其性质可分为：
1．并列连词 如：and, or, but, for, 等， 连接并列的词与词，短语与短语，句子与句子。
如：Rice and potatoes are common foods. （词与词）
Today we can travel by plane. （短语与短语）
Many trees lose their leaves in winter, but evergreen trees do not. （ 句子与句子）
关联连词是一类成对使用的连词
如：both……and……, not……but…….
not only……but also…… not only…but… as well
either……or…… neither……nor……
关联连词必须后接同样的语法结构。
如：Either the windows were opened or the door was opened.
2．从属连词 如：that, whether, when, because, though 等， 用以引导名词性从句和状语从句。
3．从属连词引导的从句不可以被断成一个句子。 如果断开，就错了。
如：When the alarm clock rang. （不完整）
4． though (although)引导让步状语从句，because 引导原因状语从句， 所以though(although)不能和并列连词but ，because 不能和并列连词 so一起使用。 只能单独使用。
第二节 实战演练
一、例题选讲
例1 he did not know much English，he got out his dictionary and looked up the word.
A． As B． For
C． Since D． Because
答案： A
提示： for，because和as虽皆可作连词用，表示“因为”，但用法有些区别。for引导的分句总是置于另一分句之后，常常对前一分句加以解释，两个分句之间，总是用逗号分开。because引导的原因状语从句时，往往以why问句，语气比较重，传递的往往是对方未了解的新信息。as引导的原因状语从句时，往往是对方也知道的信息。本句是他拿出词典查，显然，“他知道的英语单词不多”，这是明摆着的事，所以用as最恰当。
例2 you don't feel well，you'd better stay at home．
A． Because B． Since/If
C． For D． Now
答案： B
例3 I don’t know he has received the package.
A． if B． when
C． what D． how many
答案： A
提示： if表示是否，when不能与现在完成时连用。
例4 Come tomorrow, I will give it to you.
A． or B． and
C． though D． if
答案： B
提示： and在此处解释为“那么”，表示递进关系。
例5 The teacher his students likes football.
A． and B． as well as
C． and also D． also
答案： B
提示： as well as 连接两个主语用靠前原则。
例6 We were having lunch some one knocked at the door.
A． as B． a soon as
C． when D． while
答案： C
提示： when在这里解释“就在那时”
二、复习时需要注意的要点
（1）表示选择关系的连词，连接的双方只取其一。常用连词有or, either...or, otherwise
例如：
1）You can go to Beijing either today or tomorrow
2）You must get up early or you won’t catch the early bus.
（2）表示转折关系，连接的双方构成对比，意义上有转折。常用连词有but, however, while, only
例如：
1） His brother is fond of football while he likes basketball.
2） You can watch TV, but you must finish your homework first.
（3）表示联合关系，联合的双方是对等的，意义上趋向一致。常用连词有：and, both...and, neither...nor, not only...but also, as well as, together with
例如：
1） To study English well, we need both diligence and careful.
2） That horse is not only the youngest among the five, but also runs the fastest.
（4）表示因果关系，连接的双方，互为因果，或者前因后果，或者前果后因。常用的连词有：for, so, therefore
例如：
1） It must have rained, for the ground is wet.
2） You are in the right, therefore they should support you.
第三节 巩固练习
I. 填入适当的连词。
1. My brother is ill, ________ I have to stay at home.
2. The film must be very interesting, ________ many people are buying tickets in line.
3. My computer is new, ________ it is too expensive.
4. She felt hungry, ________ she didn’t have breakfast.
5. A customer came in, ________ I stopped my work.
6. He has a lot of money, ________ he spends little.
7. Come here early, ________ you can’t see him.
8. Take some medicine, ________ you will feel better.
9. There are a lot of stories about the UFOs, ________ no one knows whether they are true or not.
10. Put on your coat, ________ you will catch cold.
11. She got a “C” in English test, ________ she had tried his best.
12. My little cousin can _________ read ________ write.
13. Please call me _______ you need my help.
14. _____you have a few more days’ rest, you’ll feel better.
15. _____ my father ______ my mother is a doctor. They are teachers.
16. I really don’t know ______ it is going to rain or not this afternoon.
17. You may ______do it yourself ________ leave it to me.
18. Hurry up, ______ you’ll miss the next bus.
19. Li Ming was a brave boy, ______ he had one shortcoming.
20. It’s a fine day, ____ we have a wonderful time.
21. I don’t know _______ she can speak Russian or not.
22. We haven’t decided _____ and ______ we shall meet next time.
23. That’s ______ they didn’t pass the exam.
24. _______ you are right, _____ he is.
25. He ______ _____ read the book ______ _______ remembered what he read.
II.选择填空：
1. They are all new, ________ I’m not.
A. and B. but C . so D . or
2. Is there a letter ______ a postcard There’s a letter.
A . and B . or C . not D. but
3.The old woman can’t read ______ write.
A . and B . or C . but D . and can
4. ___ my classmates ____ our class teacher was there then.
A . not only…but also… B . both… and…
C . Neither… or… D . Either…nor…
5. Have one more try, ______ you will not succeed.
A . and B . or C. then D . but
6. ____ you are ill, you should go to the clinic right now.
A . For B. Though C. Until D. Since
7. ______ the midnight he waited for his mother.
A. Till B. Since C. Until D. At
8._____the men drivers ______ the woman driver have been to the village.
A. Neither…nor… B. Both of…and
C. Either…or… D. None of…and…
9.She is the lady _______ helped the old woman yesterday.
A. whom B. which C. what D. who
10. –Are your father and mother retired
-Well, _____ of them is. ______ of them are at work.
A. both, Neither B. none, All
C. neither, Both D. all, None
11. _____he felt tired, ____ he still went on working.
A. Because, so B. Although, but
C. / , so D. Though, /
12. I’ll offer some bread to Li Ming. Li Ming,_______, may not want it.
A . but B . however C . yet D. still
13. ___ I looked for my toy, I could not find it.
A. But B. Yet C. Because D. However
14. I don’t know _______ this evening.
A. if he will be free B. whether he is free
C . when he is free D. when is he free
15. There’s ______ on the moon.
A . no air but water B. not any air or water
C . not any air and water D. no air or no water
III.把下列句子译成英语：（用括号内连词）
1． 虽然天已很晚了，但他仍在写作。
2． 人类没有水和空气就不能活。
3． 他把这件事告诉我前，没有人知道这件事。
4． 如你不赶紧，你就要开会迟到。
5． 他写字不如她仔细。
6． 我们不仅去了北京，也去了哈尔滨。
7． 他准是开玩笑，要不他是疯了。
8． 等他一到我们就去弄点咖啡。
9． 众所周知，金钱不会从树上长出来的。
10. 他什么时候到的，我们大家都不知道。
IV.改错：
( )1. Not only May but also her sisters was asked to sing some songs.
A B C D
( )2. Bread and butter in the shop are sold out.
A B C D
( )3. What I miss most badly are the pleasant hours we spent together.
A B C D
( )4. Please let me know if he will comes back tomorrow.
A B C D
V.句子转换：
1. The boy is too young to go to school.
The boy is ________ young _______ he can’t go to school.
2. I wonder if I will visit her after school.
I wonder ________ to visit her after school.
3. Be brave, and you’ll succeed.
______you are brave, you will succeed.
4. Both Li Hun and his parents are going to visit the flower show.
______ ______ Li Hun ______ _______ his parents are going to visit the flower show.
5. The more you practise speaking, the better your spoken English will be.
_________ you practise speaking more, your spoken English will be better.
6. This shirt is less beautiful than that one.
That shirt is ______ beautiful _______ this one.
7. You didn’t understand it before your father explained it to you.
________your father explained it to you, you didn’t understand it
8. Since you feel so tired, you’d better have a good rest.
________ ______ you feel so tired, you’d better have a good rest.
9. He has lost his bike, so had to buy another one bike.
________he has lost his bike, he had to buy another one.
10. If you don’t study harder, you will fail in the test.
Study, harder, ______ you will fail in the test.
答案
I、
1.so 2.for 3.besides 4.as 5.so 6.but 7.or 8.and 9.but 10.or
11.though 12.neither, nor 13.if/when 14.if 15.neither, nor 16.whether
17.either, or 18.or 19.though 20. 21.whether 22. 23.why
24.Either,or 25.not only, but also
II、
1.B 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.D 7.C 8.B 9.D 10.C
11.D 12.B 13.D 14.A 15.B
III、
1. Though it was very late, he was still writing. / It was very late, but he was still
Working.
2. Men can’t live without air or water.
3. None knew it until he told me.
4. Unless you hurry, you’ll be late for the meeting.
5. He doesn’t write as careful as her.
6. We went to Beijing and as well as to Haerbin.
7. He must be making a joke or else he must be mad.
8. Well get some coffee as soon as he arrives.
9. Everybody knows that money doesn’t grow on trees.
10. None knows when he arrived.
IV、
1. C was改成 were 2. C are改成 is 3. B are改成 is 4. D comes 改成 come
V、
1. so, that 2. whether 3. If 4. Not only …..but also…are
5. If 6. more …than 7. Until 8. Now… that 9. Because 10. or
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中考英语词汇与语法满分快车道书稿
第四章 数词
数词可分为基数词（Cardinal Numbers）和序数词（Ordinal Numbers）两种。前者表示数量，后者表示顺序。
第一节 知识点概述
一、基数词和序数词的表示法
（一）数词的词形
（1）在1-12中，1-12为基数词中的数词；序数词1-3为特殊变化，序数词4-12在基数词词尾加-th。[注意 fifth (第五)；ninth (第九)和 twelfth (第十二)的特殊拼写]
（2）在13-19中，13-19基数词在数词3-9后加-teen构成。其中13 和15 发生拼写变化 thirteen 和 fifteen 相应序数词在基数词后加-th构成。13-19岁的少年用teens (in one’s teens在某人十多岁时)
（3）在20-90整十位数，在基数词2-9之后加-ty构成。其中20、30、40、50拼法特殊。在构成相应的序数词时，将词尾y变i，再加-eth。表示二十多岁等用twenty 等的复数twenties. (in one’s twenties 在某人二十多岁时)
（4）十位数之间的数，由十位数加个位数构成，中间用连字符。构成序数词时，连字符前为基数词，后为序数词。如：二十五 twenty-five; 第九十九 ninety-ninth.
（5）100以上数词,整百位数由1-9加 hundred构成，序数词在词尾加-th；整千位数由1-9加thousand构成，序数词在词尾加-th.在百位和十位，个位间(没有十位时，在百位和个位须加and),如：141 one hundred and forty-one；1001 one thousand two hundred and one 构成序数词只将最后一个数变成序数词。
（二）使用基数词的情况
（1）念数 (o 念作 /o /或 zero)
（2）电话号码（62083338）
（3）事物表示顺序 (名词在前，如：Room 303; World War Two)
（4）货币 (100 dollars)
（5）度量 (50 kilos)
（6）小数 (2.5 meters)
（三）使用序数词的情况
（1）第几
（2）月份后的号 (August 5th)
（3）事物表示顺序 (名词在后，如：the fiftieth page; the Second World War)
二、分数、小数、百分比、倍数、四则运算的表示方法
类别 说明 例词或例句
分数 分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1，分母的序数词用复数。 1/2 读作 a (one) half1/3 读作 a (one) third1/4 读作a (one) quarter; a (one) fourth4/5 读作four fifths4 2/3 读作four and two thirdsTwo thirds of the surface earth is covered by water.
小数 小数点读作point。小数后面各数都按个位基数词读；小数点前面仍按基数词读。零读作o/ u/或zero. 0.7 读作zero ( u) point seven 25.25 读作twenty-five point two five
百分比 百分比由基数词+percent组成 （ % ） 2% 读作two percent44% 读作forty-four percent100% 读作one hundred percentMore than 25 percent of the surface of the ground is covered with grass. 百分之二十五的地面被草复盖着。
倍数 倍数+as+形(副)原级+as倍数+形(副)比较级+than倍数+ the size(length)+ of (表示大小或数量的名词) as large asThis room is three times larger than that one.the size of注意：上述三个结构的意义是相同的。汉译表达：“这间房是那间房的三倍大”；“这间房比那间房大两倍”
加、减、乘、除四则运算 用基数词表示加号用plus / and减号用minus乘号用times除号用divided by 9+8=17， 读作 Nine plus (and) eight is seventeen.11-5=6 ， 读作 Eleven minus five is six.6×5=30， 读作 Six times five is thirty.35÷7=5， 读作 Thirty-five divided by seven is five.
第二节 实战演练
一、例题选讲
例1 —This is second book I’ve read today．—Are you going to read third one
A． a，a B． a，the
C． the，a D． the，the
答案： C
提示： 序数词前面一般要加the，但在不强调次序，只表达“重复”的概念时，second，third等序数词前面只要加不定冠词。这时他们的含义是“另一”，“再一”。
例2 There are six students in our school．
A． hundreds B． hundreds of
C． hundred D． hundred of
答案： C
提示： hundred一词表示百，后面不能加s，如one hundred，two hundred。如果hundred后面加s，则要与of连用，写成hundreds of表示“数以百计的、成百上千的”。
例3 10月1 El的正确读法是
A． October the first B． October No. one
C． October one D． October first one
答案： A
提示： 对月日的读法英语中月用固定单词，日用序数词与定冠词the连用
例4 of them have passed the exam．
A． Three quarter B． Three quarters
答案： B
提示： 在英语中分数词是以基数词和序数词合成的，基数词代表分子，序数词代表分母，除了分子是“l”的情况外，序数词都要用复数。例如：one-third，two-thirds。
二、复习时需要注意的要点
（1）Hundred, thousand和million前面有具体数词 (包括数量词several) 都不能加-s, 但可以加-s和of连用，表示几百, 几千, 几百万人或物。如：three thousand people 三千人；thousands of people 几千人或成千上万个人
（2）一般年份分两个基数词念，如：
1999年—nineteen ninety-nine
但2000年—the year two thousand
2008年—two thousand and eight
公元前450—four hundred fifty B.C.
（3）几月几日有两种念法
1 September念the first of September
Match 8th 念March the eighth
（4）时刻表示法有两种
1）用past 表示几点过几分。(过半用to, 表示几点差几分)整点的o’clock可省去,分钟如是五的倍数, minutes可省去；15分钟可用a quarter；30分钟可用half。如：a quarter past one; twenty to six; two minutes to two; half past six
2）分别念钟点和分钟(o’clock, minute 不必念)
3:25 (读作 three twenty-five )
（5）表示一次用once；两次用twice；三次开始用基数词+times表示。如：
Three times; ten times
第三节 巩固练习
I 选择填空
（ ）1. —How much is 2/3 _____ 1/2
—1/3.
A. plus B. divided by C. times D. minus
（　　）２. TV was one of the greatest inventions in the _______ century.
A. nineteenth B. twenty C. twentieth D. twentith
（　　）３. My father began to learn Japanese when he was ______.
A. in his fourties B. in his forties C. in him fortieth D. in his fourty
（　　）４. _______ of the college student in the college work during the summer holidays.
A. A half B. Half C. Quarter D. Three quarter
（　　）５. The People’s Republic of China was founded on ______.
A . October 1.1949 B. July 1.1921
C. August 1.1927 D. December 25.1950
（　　）６. Does an elephant weigh _______
A. two and a half ton B. two tons and a half C. a tons D. half ton
（　　）７. My sister will have her _______ birthday next year.
A. twelve B. twelfth C. twelfieth D. eight
（　　）８. How much is 2/3 plus 4/5 _______.
A.One and seven fifteenths 1 7/15.
B. One seven fifteenth 1 7/15.
C. One and seven fifteenth 1 7/15.
D. One seven fifteenths 1 7/15.
（　　）９. The pocket calculator is only ______ the size of the old type.
A. one forth B. one four C. one fourth D. one fourteen
（　　）10. This is a ______ road. It is ______ the newly built road.
A. twenty-metres-wide , half as wide as
B. twenty-meters-width , a half as wide as
C. twenty meters wide , half the width of
D. twenty-meter-wide , half as wide as
（　　）11. The number of the students in our school is ______ that in their school.
A. two times as many as
B. twice as more as
C. two times as much as
D. twice times as many as
（　　）12. Is the young engineer ______ or ______
A. over thirty…under thirty
B. on thirty…under thirty
C. over thirtieth…under thirtieth
D. over thirties…under thirties
（　　）13. ______ ago there lived huge animals on the earth.
A. Several millions years
B. Several millions of years
C. Million of years
D. Millions of years
（　　）14. It took me ______ to finish reading the magazine.
A. half hour B. an half hour C. half an hour D. half a hour
II 下列各句中A,B,C,D中有一处是错的，指出并改正:
1. My brother bought (A) a detective storybook; he said it was wonderful (B), especially Part Second (C), which he thought was the best in (D) the whole book. （　　）
2. Though in their sixty (A), many retired workers prefer (B) to go out for all (C) kinds of jobs (D). （　　）
3. The 9 (A) National Sport Games (B) will be held (C) in Guangzhou in 2004 (D). （　　）
4. Christmas (A) is coming. Mother is going to buy three dozens eggs (B), two kilos of sugar (C) and some fresh butter (D) in the supermarket. （　　）
5. A half (A) of his books (B) he bought are (C) written in English (D). （　　）
6. The Yangtze River is the first (A) longest river in China (B) and the third (C) longest one in the world (D). （　　）
III. 汉译英 (每格一词，数词要拼写单词)
1 —_______ _______ (多少) students are there in ______ _______ (三年级)？
—______ _________ ___________ ___________ (四百四十四个). _________ ________ _________ (一半) the students are boys. _________ (2/3) of the students live at school except Saturday and Sunday.
2. December is the _________ (第十二) month of the year. _____________ __________ __________ is Christmas.
3. It is _________ __________ _______ (五月二日). It is his ____________ (九岁)birthday.
4. Abraham Lincoln was the __________ (十六任) president of the United States of America.
5. Madam Curie was one of the greatest physicists in the ____________ (二十) century.
6. On the fine nights we can see ___________ __________ (成百万个) stars in the sky.
7. We have built a new library. It is _________ __________ __________ ____________ (大两倍) the old one.
8. He has spent _________ ________ ____ (半天) in writing a ___________ (两千个字的) article.
9. —Where do you live
—___________ ___________ __________ __________ (1202房间) the _________ (十二) floor.
10. At the age of ______________ (四岁), she began to learn French, and he began to learn Russian in her ______________ (四十多岁).
答案
I、
1.C 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.B 8A. 9.C 10.D
11.D 12.A 13.D 14.C
II、
1. C Part Second 改为 Part Two / the Second Part
2. A in their sixty改为 in their sixties
3. A The 9改为 The 9th
4. B three dozens eggs改为 three dozen eggs 基数词用于dozen (I打，十II个)或score (II十)前，表示定数， 基数词大于1时，dozen, score 仍用单数形式
5. A a half改为 half
6. A first 去掉
III、
1. How many; Grade Three; Four hundred and forty-four; About half of; Two-thirds
2. twelfth; December the twenty-fifth
3. May the second; ninth
4. sixteenth
5. twentieth
6. millions of
7. twice as big as
8. half a day; two-thousand-word
9. Room twelve 0 two; twelfth
10. four; forties
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中考英语词汇与语法满分快车道书稿
第八章 助动词·情态动词
在英语中，助动词一般没有词义，主要帮助构成谓语，表示时态、语态或构成疑问及否定形式。对于助动词，同学们一般了解即可。
情态动词与助动词不同，它有词义，但它也和助动词一样，不能单独作谓语，它必须和其他动词一起构成谓语，另外重要的一点是情态动词没有人称和数的变化；情态动词后必须跟动词原形。
第一节 知识点概述
助动词的种类
1.be（am，are，is，was，were，been，being）
它与现在分词结合，可以构成进行时态，与过去分词结合可以构成被动语态。
I am reading the book.
我正在读这本书。
The book was written by me.
这本书是我写的。
2. have（has，had，having）
它与过去分词结合，构成完成时态。
I have finished my homework.
我已经写完作业了。
3.shall（should），will（would）
它与动词结合构成将来时。
I will visit Beijing tomorrow.
我明天将到北京参观。
4. do（does，did）
它与其他动词结合构成否定句和疑问句。
I don't like dog.我不喜欢狗。
Do you clean the room.你打扫房间吗？
情态动词的种类
can，may，must
can，may，must是三个最重要的情态动词，其基本句型如下：
肯定句：主语+can，may，must +动词原形
否定句：主语+can，may，must +not +动词原形
疑问句：Can，May，Must +主语+动词原形？
1. can，may，must的肯定句
You may eat lunch，but you must wash your hands.
你可以吃饭，但是你必须洗手。
（1）can
a.表示能力；能，会
She can run fast，but I can't.
她很会跑，但是我不会。
b.表示可能；能够
I can get there in ten minutes.
我十分钟之后就可以到那儿。
（表示一种可能性）
c.表示允许；许可
You can use this dictionary.
你可以用这本字典。
d. can和be able to比较
can只有现在式和过去式，而be able to可以用于各种时态。
can（could）表示能力时，可用be able to代替。
I can（=am able to）pay for the book. 我买得起那本书。
He will be able to tell you the news soon. 他很快就能告诉你消息了。
She has been able to come to school. 她已经能去学校了。
2.may
a.表示请求、许可
May I borrow your pen？
我可以借你的钢笔用一用吗？
b.可能、或许
Tomorrow I may go shopping.
明天，我可能（或许）去商店买东西。
He might be our new teacher.
他或许是我们的新老师。
3.must
a.必须、应该（表示有做某一动作的必要或义务）
You must buy a ticket.
你必须买一张票。
b.一定、准是（表示有把握的判断或推测，一般只用于肯定句中）
在You must这一句型中，它的意思与祈使句相同。
You must get up early. =Get up early.
你必须早起。
You must study hard. =Study hard.
你必须用功读书。
He must be our new teacher.
他肯定是我们的新老师。
e. must与have to比较
must侧重于个人意志和主观上的必要，have to侧重于客观上的必要。如果用于过去时态或将来时态时，则要用have to来代替。但must可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务。
My brother was very ill，so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.
我弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。（一般过去时）
I haven't got any money with me，so I'll have to borrow some from my friend.
我身上没有钱，只好向朋友借点了。（一般将来时）
He said that they must work hard.他说他们必须努力工作。
4.表示推测的用法
can , could ,may ,might ,must 皆可用来表示推测，其用法如下：
a．could ,might 表示推测时不表示时态，其推测的程度不如can ,may。
b．can ,could 用于否定句和疑问句中。
句型：主语+ can't , couldn't +be +动词ing．（否定句）
Can ,Could +主语 +be +动词 ing．（疑问句）
They can't be cleaning the room now．他们现在不可能在打扫房间。
c．may ,might , must 用在肯定句中。
句型：主语+ may ,might ,must +be +动词 -ing
（表示对现在发生动作的推测）
He must be sleeping . 他现在肯定在睡觉。
d．但如果上述这些词 (must ,can't… ) + have +过去分词则指对过去已发生的事进行推测。
The road is wet , It must have rained last night .
地是湿的；昨天晚上肯定下雨了。
There isn't any water on the road . It (can't ) couldn't have rained last night .
地面上一个水滴都没有，昨天不可能下雨了。
5. have to的用法
（1）have（has）to +动词原形
have（has）to后面要用动词原形。当主语为第三人称单数时用has to，当句子是过去时用had to。
We have to leave now.
我们不得不现在就离开。
He has to work on Sunday.
他不得不在周日工作。
I had to do my homework last Sunday.
上周日，我不得不做作业。
（2） have to的否定句
句型：主语+don't（doesn't）have to+动词原形
You don't have to walk so fast.
你不必走那么快。
He will not have to buy a new coat next year.
明年，他没必要买新外衣了。
（3） have to的疑问句
句型：Do（Does）+主语+have to +动词原形？
Do you have to study maths now？
你现在必须学数字吗？
Yes，I do.是的，必须学。
No，I don't（have to）.不，不必学。
Did he have to ask the question？
他非要问那个问题吗？
Yes，he did.是的。
No，he didn't（have to）.不。
第二节 实战演练
一、例题选讲
1. You ________ smoke in the office.
答案为 mustn’t 或can’t。mustn’t 表示绝对禁止，can’t 语气较弱。
2. －May I take this magazine out of the reading-room
－No, you ________.
答案为mustn’t。may 的否定回答常用mustn’t。
3. －Must I clean the blackboard before class
－No, you ________.
答案为needn’t。表示“不必”，不用mustn’t，但也可用don’t have to
4. It was too late. I ________ go back.
答案为had to。 表示客观要求。
5. Little Mary ________ stay at home by herself at night.
答案为dare not。dare not既能作情态动词，也能作实义动词，作为情态动词直接否定。
6. ________ we go swimming this afternoon
That’s great.
答案为Shall。Shall用于第一人称，表示请求。
7. Excuse me, ________ tell me where the post office is
答案为could you。could you … 表示客气， 不是过去时。
8. She’s very well. She ________ any help.
答案为needn’t have，doesn’t need。Need 作为情态动词时，后要接动词原型，作为实义动词时否定要加助动词。
二、复习时需要注意的要点
（1） 情态动词在句中没有人称和数的变化。
（2） 含有情态动词的句子改为否定句或疑问句不必加助动词，只需要将情态动词置于主语前，或在情态动词后加上not。
例如：1)Must I write a letter to cheer him up
2)You needn’t wait for me.
（3） 情态动词的过去式，例如can-could，may-might。但是少数情态动词只有过去式，例如used to表示过去常常。Must的过去式往往用had to。
（4） 大多数情态动词后接不定式的进行式、完成式和被动式。
例如：1)He can be doing his homework now.
2)He must have attended the meeting last night.
第三节 巩固练习
一、用适当的情态动词填空，必要时可用否定式：
1. What ______ I do for you
2. ________ we have lunch before 11:45
No, you needn’t.
3. The boy _________ skate well when he was six years old.
4. __________what he said be true
5. －Tomorrow will be a fine day. _________ we go our for a picnic
－That’s great.
6. How ________ you say I’m foolish
7. You __________ to have a good rest. It’s good for you.
8. You _________ not hurry. There is enough time to go.
9. _______ the girl go out alone on a rainy night
10. －Is the man Professor Li
－No, he ________ be Professor Li. I know that Professor Li has gone to Beijing.
二、选择题
（ ）1. “ Who ______ it be that hid behind the door “ the old lady wondered.
A. can B. may C. must D. will
（ ）2. You must be a teacher, ______
A. are you B. must you C. mustn’t you D. aren’t you
（ ）3. I have told him many times, but he ________ listen to my advice.
A. won’t B. shan’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t
（ ）4. “Do I have to get back before 10:00 “
“ No, you _______. “
A. needn’t B. may no C. can’t D. must
（ ）5 Oh, dear! How _______ this happen
A. may B. can C. might D. must
（ ）6. _____ you tell me whom he is
A. could B. May C. Might D. Must
（ ）7. “ Must he do it “ “ No, he _______. “
A. must B. needn’t C. doesn’t have to D. Both B and C
（ ）8. You _______ to be more careful if you want to get good marks.
A. must B. should C. can D. ought
（ ）9.You ________ return the book now. You can keep it till next week.
A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. may not
（ ）10.Can I leave this door open at night No, you ________ .
A. should better not B. would better not
C. had better not D. mustn’t better
（ ）11.Hurry up. He ________ for us at the station.
　 A. must wait B. must be waiting
　 C. should wait D. should be waiting
（ ）12.The food must be good. No, it ________ be good.
　 A. must not B. needn't
　 C. wouldn't D. cannot
（ ）13.Your shirt is rather dirty. ________ I wash it for you
　 A. Do B. Will C. Have D. Shall
（ ）14.He promised that he ________ help us as long as we needed.
A. must B. had to C. would D. should
（ ）15.Certain species of birds ________ find food because of pollution.
A. mustn’t B. shouldn’t C. cannot D. couldn’t
I、
1.can 2.must 3.can 4.can 5.Shall 6.dare 7.have 8.need 9.Dare 10.can’t
II、
1.A 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.A 7.D 8.D 9.C 10.C
11.B 12.D 13.D 14.C 15.C
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中考英语词汇与语法满分快车道书稿
第二章 代词
用来代替名词、名词短语或句子的词称为代词。代词可分为：人称代词、指示代词、疑问代词、反身代词和不定代词等。
第一节 知识点概述
一、人称代词
数 人称 格 单数 复数
主格 宾格 主格 宾格
第一人称 I me we are
第二人称 you you you you
第三人称 hesheit himherit they them
句子的成份 例句
作主语（代替上文中提到的人或物） Mrs. Suen is an English teacher. She teaches us geography.I can’t read the story. It is written in Russian..
作宾语（用宾格） 直接宾语 Let her play now.We often meet him at the school gate
间接宾语 Granny offered us fruit.The sun gives us light and heat.
介词宾语 Please sit between him and me. The teacher took good care of us.
作表语 （用主格或宾格） –Who is that –It’s me.It was I whom you saw at the station.
1． 人称代词不仅仅指人，也可以指事或物。
2． 人称代词主格单数he, she和it的复数，都是they，宾格形式也相同，为them。
3． 第三人称的人称代词分阳性he（him），阴性she（her）和中性it（it），复数只有一个形式they（them），不分性别。
4． 选用什么人称代词，取决于所要代替的名词。在数和性上要与所代替的名词保持一致。
二、物主代词
物主代词是用来表示所有关系的，分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。形容词性物主代词放在名词前作定语，相当于形容词；名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，相当于名词，可以作主语、表语或宾语。
物主代词形容词性 数人称 单数 复数
第一人称 my 我的 our 我们的
第二人称 your 你的 your 你们的
第三人称 his 他的，her 她的，its 它的 their 他们的
物主代词名词性 数人称 单数 复数
第一人称 mine 我的 ours 我们的
第二人称 yours 你的 yours 你们的
第三人称 his 他的，hers 她的，its 它的 theirs 他们的
物主代词的用法：
（1）形容词性物主代词放在名词前作定语。例如：
His pencil box is on the desk.
This is our school.
（2）名词性物主代词作名词用
本身就相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，因此，后面不可再加名词。
作主语：
Richard’s school bag is blue and mine is black. 里查德的书包是蓝色的，我的书包是黑色的。（mine=my school bag）
作表语：
It’s his. 这是他的（东西）。
作宾语：
He borrows your dictionary and you may borrow mine. 他借你的字典，你可以借我的。（作及物动词的宾语）
“of+名词性物主代词”可以放在名词后作定语，表示强调：
He is a friend of mine. 他是我的一个朋友。
·注意：
试比较下面两句句子：
This is a photo of mine. 这是我的一张照片。（照片是我拥有的，但不一定照的是我本人）
This is a photo of me. 这是一张我本人的照片。（照片上是我本人）
三、反身代词
反身代词用于所强调的动作与动作执行者的关系，强调主语或宾语为同一人或物。
反身代词的形式：
单数 myself我自己 yourself你自己 himself他自己 herself她自己 itself它自己
复数 ourselves我们自己 yourselves你们自己 themselves他们自己
反身代词的用法：
句子成分 例句
宾语 直接宾语 My father taught himself Japanese.Please help yourselves to some fruit, everyone.
介词宾语 The twelve-year-old boy can take care of himself.Don’t think too much of yourself.
同位语 主语同位语 She taught Thomas Edison herself.The detective story itself is worth reading.
宾语同位语 — Li Ming, I want to ask for leave.— You’d better ask the teacher herself / himself.
表语同位语 — Who is the man — It was Mr. Yang himself.
表语 I’m not quite myself today itself. 今天我感到不舒服。
四、指示代词
（一）指示代词是具有指示概念的代词
this 这； that 那； these 这些； those 那些； such 如此的； same 同样的
（二）指示代词的用法
（1）this、 that、 these、 those 在句子中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。
（2）such 一般在句子中作定语或主语。such “这样”，such a 这样一个，such as 像…这样的…。
（3）same 可作定语、表语、主语和宾语。
例如：
1） That is our English teacher. （主语）
2） This storybook is thicker than that one. (定语)
3） I prefer this (these) to that (those). （宾语）
4） What he like best is this/that (表语)
5） I have never read such an excited book. （定语）
6） I like such sports as basketball and swimming. (定语)
7） Such is our trip plan. (主语) （指上文提到过或刚说过的内容）。
8） She wants the book and I want the same. (宾语)
9） We were born on the same day. (定语)
·注意：
1） this、 these 指空间上离说话人较近的人或物，可以与 here 连用；that、 those 指空间上离说话人 较远的人或物，可以与 there 连用。
2） 打电话或其他场合，看得到的一方用 this 或 these. 反之用 that 或 those。
3） such 作定语时，如名词前有不定冠词，则用 such a/an + 名词。
4） 在 same 之前必须加冠词 the.。
五、疑问代词
疑问代词的用法：
句子成分 例句
主语 Who invited you to dinner Whose is the best What’s in the bag Which of them will win the prize
宾语 直接宾语 Whom did you meet on your way home Which do you want、 the red one or the blue one What is she doing
间接宾语 Whom are you waiting for From whom should we learn What are you talking about
表语 Who are those women What are you Whose is the new bike
定语 Which class are you in Whose report is this What subjects do you study
·注意：
1．Who 用于询问别人姓名，身份或关系。What 用于询问别人职业。
2．Which 指的物有范围限制，侧重于哪一个；What 指的物无范围限制，侧重于种类。
3．Whose 用于明确所有者，Whom 在口语中，whom 多为 who 代替。
六、不定代词
不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫不定代词。常见的不定代词有all, both, each, every, some, any, many, much, (a)few, (a)little, one, ones, either, neither, other, another, no, none以及含有some-, any-, no-等的合成代词（如：anybody, something, no one）。这些不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词，在句子中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。但none和由some, any, no, every thing, -body, -one构成的复合不定代词（如somebody等）只能作主语、宾语和表语；而every和no只能作定语。
不定代词的形式：
不定代词 词义 复合形式 说 明
some 一些（可数或不可数） something 某物、某事someone 某人somebody 某人 一般用于肯定句
any 一些，任何（可数或不可数） anything 任何事物anyone 任何人anybody 任何人 一般用于否定句，疑问句或条件状语从句中
no 没有，无 nothing 无物nobody 无人no one 无一人 修饰可数或不可数名词，复合形式只具有名词的作用
every 每个，所有的 everything 每一个事物，一切everyone 每人everybody 人人 强调共性，词义和 all 相近
all 全体、所有的 这里表示 这里表示 代替或修饰可数名词时，指两个以上的人或物，也可代替或修饰不可数名词。
each 每个 这里表示 这里表示 强调个性，指两个或两个以上的人或物。
few 很少（可数） 这里表示 这里表示 表示否定
a few 一些，几个（可数） 这里表示 这里表示 表示否定
little 很少（不可数） 这里表示 这里表示 表示否定
a little 一些（不可数） 这里表示 这里表示 表示否定
many 很多（可数） 这里表示 这里表示 _______
much 很多（不可数） 这里表示 这里表示 _______
both 两个，两者都 这里表示 这里表示 仅指两个人或物
neither 没有人或物 这里表示 这里表示 仅指两个人或物
none 没有人或物 这里表示 这里表示 指两个以上的人或物，当指可数名词时，谓语动词用单、复数都可以。
either 每个 这里表示 这里表示 强调个性，指两个或两个以上的人或物。
other(s) 另一个(些) 这里表示 这里表示 _______
another 另外一个，又一个 这里表示 这里表示 相当于 an other
one 一个(人或物) 这里表示 这里表示 one 的复数形式是 ones
不定代词的用法：
1. 不定代词可作主语，当作主语时，要明确这一不定代词究竟是单数还是复数，以确定它和谓语动词在人和数的一致。
2. 不定代词还可作定语，当作定语时，应该注意其所修饰的名词是可数还是不可数，以确定这个名词用单数还是复数。
第二节 实战演练
一、例题选讲
例1 We should learn to get on well with ．
A． other B． others
C． the other D． the others
答案： B
提示： other泛指另外的，其他的，后面一般接名词，the other特指两者中的另一个(单数)，the others特指在某个范围中的其他人或物(复数)，others泛指其他人或物(复数)。本句意思与别人友好相处是泛指。
例2 Would you like some coffee Yes, just ．
A． a little B． little
C． a few D． few
答案： A
提示： a little与little修饰不可数名词，前者是有肯定的含义而后者有否定的含义。a few与few修饰可数名词，前者有肯定的含义，而后者有否定的含义。在句中coffee是不可数名词，答句中是肯定的意思。另外如果有just或only修饰只能用a little或a few。
例3 of the students passed the exam．They all failed．
A． Neither B． None
C． Both D． All
答案： B
提示： none与all用于三者以上的复数，none为否定，all为肯定。both与neither用于两者，both为肯定，neither为否定，原句中They all failed暗示说明没有一个人通过，要用none表示否定。
例4 Let Lin Tao do it by , He is no longer a kid．
A． him B． his
C． himself D． he
答案： C
提示： 本题是反身代词的用法，句中的by是介词，后面接人的代词的宾格或名词性物主代词，或反身代词，作它的宾格。by oneself是固定搭配强调“独立、单独”。
例5 -Why don’t we take a little break-Didn’t we just have
A． it B． that
C． one D． this
答案： C
提示： one替代上文中的a little break。
例6 leaves the classroom last ought to turn off the lights.
A． Anyone B． The person
C． Whoever D． Who
答案： C
提示： Whoever相当于anyone who（the person who）
二、复习时需要注意的要点
（1）some 和any的用法
some常用于肯定句，any常用于疑问句、否定句及条件状语从句。但在表示请求、建议、反问的疑问句里，则用some。
例如：
1） Would you like some coffee or some tea
2） If you have questions, you can come any time.
（2）all指物时，谓语动词用单数，在语法上是单数，而在概念上是复数。指人时，一般作复数。
例如：
1）All is not gold that glitters.
2）All are here.
（3）each和every都是单数概念，但every只能作形容词；each可以作代词和形容词。
例如：
1）Each of us has got a new book.
2）Every student is doing his best at school.
（4）one, the other, another, others和the other的用法
总共只有两个人或两样东西时，其中的一个是one，另一个是the other。
例如：
1）I have two uncles, one is a teacher, the other is an engineer.
总共有两个以上的人或事物，其中的第一个为one，其他的两个或两个以上为the others。
例如：
1）There are only ten boy students in Class One. The others are girl students.
第三节 巩固练习
I.选择
1． _____will spend the winter holiday in Hanna (海南) Island.
A． He, you and I B． He, I and you
C． You, he and I D． I, you and he
2． My parents bought a new schoolbag for _____.
A． them B． theirs
C． me D． they
3． With my parents away from home. I have to cook ______ meals.
A． for me B． for myself
C． me D． myself
4． Don and I found _______ lying on ground when we work up.
A． themselves B． ourselves
C． them D． us
5． —Who’s _______ —______ is speaking, Mr. Wang.
A． this This B． that That
C． that This D． this That
6． Lam is often compared to Taiwanese singer Jay Chou because ______ both write ______ own songs and are developing R&B style.
A． their…their B． their…they
C． they…their D． they…they
7. I don’t think this is a good suggestion. Have you any _______ ones
A. another B. other C. the other D. others
8. —How ______ Greek do you know
—I am sorry. I know ______ about it. It’s too difficult.
A. many…few B. much…little C. many…a few D. much…little
9. It’s _______ use talking without doing.
A. not B. no C. none D. no one
10. Her brothers and sisters are _______ college students in Shanghai.
A. all B. both C. neither D. either
11. —Which of these two bicycles do you like the red one or the black one
—I like ______ of them.
A. some B. either C. all D. any
12. He swims faster than ______ boy in his class.
A. any B. the other C. all the other D. any other
13. ________ people in Shanghai go swimming in freezing weather.
A. Few B. A few C. Little D. A little
14. I don’t think _______ of the answers is correct.
A. neither B. either C. both D. all
15. Only Li Ming and Wang Ping stayed at school for the wall newspaper. Where are ______
A. all B. the other C. others D. the others
16. _______ of us is working hard to make our country richer and stronger.
A. Each B. Every C. Everyone D. Every one
17. We need ______ color chalk. Have you got ______
A. some…some B. some…any C. any…any D. any…some
18. If you don’t want ______ of those two trains, there is ______ one at 10:30.
A. any…another B. either…another C. both…the other D. either…another
19. —Has ______ lost this watch
—Yes, but we can’t find out who.
A. anybody B. someone C. one D. some
20. _______ of them are famous doctors, but ______ of them has been to Britain.
A. Both…both B. Neither…neither C. Either…either D. Both…neither
II.把下列句子译成英语（选用括号内的不定代词）
1. 你昨晚吃得多吗？ (much, many)
2. 假如有人打电话来，告诉他，我不在。 (anyone, someone)
3. 我姐姐给我两张照片，一张是长城，另一张是上海浦东新区。 (another, the other)
4. 他们都来会议室，没一个迟到。 (neither, none)
5. 这个机器人展览会太精彩了，每个机器人都是学生们做的。 (each, every)
6. 这两部电影没一部是有趣的，它们都很乏味。 (either, neither)
7. 李奶奶没有米了，让我们给她买些。(little, a little, some, any)
8. 你想要吃些蛋糕吗？ (some, any)
III.改正下列句子中的错误
1. All pupil was asked to write down his name on the book.
2. The fish was so delicious. I had many fish.
3. There are five new ball pens over there. Please give me the red some.
4. The teacher gave every of her children a toy.
5. There are some chairs on every side of the small river.
6. Everyone of us was allowed to ask some questions.
7. None of my parents are Party members.
8. Neither bats is mine.
9. My aunt is going to stay in the U.S. for another weeks.
10. The both children can play the piano well.
IV.用适当的不定代词填空：
A little all neither both neither another
1. —Please help yourself to the fruit.
—Sorry, I can’t now, because ______ my hands are dirty.
2. —I failed to pass the test.
—______ did she.
3. There’s _______ letter for you, Mary.
4. ______ goes well. ______ are here.
5. I don’t like the pair of shoes. Please show ______ pair.
1. There’s ______ rain in Xi’an these months.
B anything each many every other fewer something
1. How ______ new Japanese words have you learned this term
2. There’s a red ball in the boy’s hand and an apple in his _______ hand.
3. ______ child enjoys Christmas. They ______ have some presents.
4. She did better than I. There are ______ mistakes in her test than in my test
5. Mum, I am so hungry. I want to eat ______. _______ will do.
答案
I、
1.C 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.C 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.B 10.A
11.B 12.D 13.A 14.B 15.D 16.A 17.A 18.B 19.A 20.D
II、
1. Did you eat much last night
2. If anyone calls, tell him I am out.
3. My sister gave me two photos. One is the Great Wall; the other is Shanghai Putong New Area.
4. They all came to the meeting room for a meeting, none of them were late.
5. The robots exhibition is excellent. Each of robots is made by the students.
6. Either of the films is interesting. They are both dull.
7. Granny Li has little rice. Let’s buy some for her.
8. Would you like to have some cakes
III、
1. All 改为 Each 2.many改为 much 3.some改为 one 4.every改为each 5.every改为 each 6. Everyone 改为 Every one 7. None 改为 Neither 8.bats改为 bat 9.another weeks 改为 another few/three weeks I般来说，another后面用单数名词。因此，不能说 another weeks。 但 another 后面可以跟 few或带数词的复数名词。如：
another few weeks, another three weeks.
10. The both改为 Both 或 Both the或 Both of the
IV、
A: 1.both 2.Neither 3.no 4.All , All 5.another 6.little
B: 1.many 2.other 3.Every…each 4.fewer 5.something… Anything
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中考英语词汇与语法满分快车道书稿
第九章 时态
英语的动词在表示不同时间里发生的行为或存在的状态时，要用不同的形式来表示，这种不同的形式叫做动词的时态。
英语常用的时态有八种，分别是：一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去进行时、过去完成时和过去将来时。
第一节 知识点概述
一、一般现在时
一般现在时表示经常发生的动作（习惯性的动作）或存在的状态，句中常用always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, every day等时间状语。
例如：
1） He goes to school at seven o’clock everyday.
2） The sun rises in the east.
二、一般过去时
一般过去时主要用于表示过去时间，句中常有yesterday, ago, in 1989, once, last week (month, year), at that time, just now 等时间状语。
例如：
1） he was born in 1989.
2） I used to play football when I was young.
三、一般将来时
英语动词表示将来时间有多种形式，其共同特点是句中常有表示见来时间的状语，如：tomorrow, next week, in a week
例如：
1） We will visit the science museum next week.
2） We are going to discuss the problem tomorrow.
四、现在进行时
进行时表示现在时刻正在进行的动作或表示现阶段正在做的事情，句中常用now, at this moment等时间状语连用。
例如：
1） The boy is playing video games.
2） His father is writing a novel these days.
五、现在完成时
现在完成时表示从过去某一时刻开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态，或还要延续下去，句中常用：since, for, yet, already表示的一段时间状语连用。
例如：
1） Great changes have taken place in China since 1980.
2） I have finished my task.
六、过去进行时
过去进行时表示在过去某个时候正在进行的动作或过去某个阶段正在做的事情。
例如：
1） He was reading an interesting book this time yesterday.
2） When I came in, they were having supper.
七、过去完成时
表示在过去某个时刻前已经发生的动作，或者从过去某个时刻开始一直延续到过去另一时刻的动作和状态。
例如：
1） By the end of last year, we had learned more than 2,000 English words
2） My teacher had taught in that school for ten years before she came here.
八、过去将来时
过去将来时表示从过去的观点来预计以后要发生的动作或存在的状态，这种时态常用于宾语从句当中，主句中的谓语动词一般是过去时。
例如：
1） He said that he would study harder than before.
2） He didn’t tell me when he would go.
第二节 实战演练
一、例题选讲
例1 Look, she (have) a bunch of flowers in her hand.
答案： has
提示： 尽管句中有look，但在英语中表示“有”，不能用进行时态，本句意思指“她手中有一束花”。
例2 John (make) much progress in his lessons since last term. He (study) harder later on.
答案： has made, will/is going to study
提示： 第一句中，since last term暗示了谓语动词要用现在完成时态。说明从上学期以来取得了很大进步，第二句中的later on要注意用一般将来时。
例3 Cherry arrived at school after the class (begin) yesterday.
答案： had begun
提示： begin虽然也能作及物动词，但在表示某事开始时，一般以不及物动词出现，不用被动结构。
例4 If it (not rain) tomorrow, we (go) to the park.
答案： doesn’t rain, will go
提示： 这是条件状语从句，主句是将来时，其时间或条件状语从句应用一般现在时。
例5 Great changes (take) place in Shanghai in the past ten years.
答案： have taken place
提示： In the past ten years会造成过去时间感觉，但其意思是近十年中，与现在有关，要用现在完成时
例6 It is said that they (hold) an English evening next week.
答案： will hold
提示： 主句It is said是现在时时态，从句要用将来时，不能用过去将来时。
二、复习时需要注意的要点
（1）将来时除了shall/will+v.以外还有be going to+v.，表示不久即将发生的事，be doing（用于某些动词，如leave, come, start, reach等）；be+to+v.，可带时间状语，表示“必须”； “打算”，be about+to+v.，表示“即将”。例如：
1） Hurry up! The bus is starting.
2） We are leaving for Nanjing tomorrow.
（2）有些表示状态、感情、感觉的动词没有进行时。例如：be, like, want, love, hear, wash, hope
（3）现在完成时与一般过去时都表示动作发生于过去，但现在完成时强调结果，一般过去时强调时间。例如：
1） Have you been to the Great Wall
2） How long did you stay in Beijing last year
I 选择题
1.He said the bus ______ soon.
A were started B started C was starting D will start
2.We were watching the TV play_____.
A yesterday B at three yesterday C soon D since two days ago.
3. It was four in the afternoon. Jack ______ with his classmates.
A talked B would talk C are talking D was talking
4. Yesterday I _____ an hour late and I _____ to work until 10:00.
A was…got B had been …would get
C was…wouldn’t get D was…didn’t get
5.My schoolboy _____ on the chair at that time.
A was lying B lay C lain D lies
6. The old man _______ his keys.
A was always mislaying B always mislaid
C has always mislaid D will always mislay
7. The story book _______ first published in 1980.
A. were B. was C. had been D. has been
8. When I saw Mary, she _____ the piano
A. is playing B. plays C. was playing D.played
9. It rained yesterday after it _____ dry for many month.
A. was B. has been C. had been D. is
10. My uncle _____ to see me , he will be here soon.
A. comes B. is coming C. came D. had come
11. Look at the clouds. _____ .
A. It will rain. B. It’s going to rain.
C. It will be raining D. It is to rain.
12. She wanted to know what you _____ last Friday.
A.do B. did C. have done D.was doing
13. I was sure that she _____ a good teacher.
A. will be B. would be C. is D.were
14. The last time _____ to the cinema was last week.
A. I have gone B. I have been C. I was D. I went
15. You cannot leave until you _____ your work.
A. did B. are doing C.have done D. had done
II 用适当的动词形式填空。
1. She kept the radio when she ______(do) homework.
2. –She was reading newspapers.
--What __you ___(do)
3 Lao Wang told the policeman that he _____(listen) to the radio at that time.
4. I ______(use)to be a teacher but now ______(be) a manager.
5 While I ______(run)along. A dog suddenly ______(run) across the road.
6 Last night my father _____(read) a book while my mother ______(sew).
7 What _____you _____ (do) the whole Sunday I ______(go)over my lessons.
8 When I _____ (get)home, the telephone bell _____(ring)
9 It was Sunday and we _________ (sit) at the table when father suddenly _________(smile)
And ___________(say) to us, “ Oh, dear me, I forgot __________(tell) you the good news. There is a letter from Granny. She ___________(come) to see us this afternoon. I ________(meet)
Her at the station, “ with these words he went out.
How happy we _________(be)! We ___________(not see ) Granny for half a year and ____________(miss) her very much. After lunch my mother and I ___________(go) shopping. We ___________(buy) a lot of food that Granny liked. My sister __________(clean) the house. It
___________(be) four o’clock when we ____________(finish) and we ___________(sit) around
the table, ____________(wait) for Granny. At last the door __________(open) and in came my father, alone. “Where _________(be) Granny “ We ___________(ask). Father _________(laugh)
and ___________(say), “ April Fools !” “ Today ___________(be) April 1st. April Fool’s Day.”
答案
I、
1.C 2.B 3.D 4.D 5.A 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.C 10.C
11.B 12.B 13.B 14.D 15.C
II、
1. was doing 2. were doing 3. was listening 4. used , am
5. was running, ran 6. was reading , was sewing 7. were doing,
was going 8. got, was ringing 9. were sitting , smile , said, to tell, is coming, am going to meet, were , hadn’t seen , missed, went, bought, cleaned, was, finished, sat, waiting, opened, is,, asked, laughed, said, is
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中考英语词汇与语法满分快车道书稿
第五章 形容词·副词
形容词用来修饰、说明名词或不定代词，表示人或物的性质、特征和状态。而副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子，有时也能修饰名词，表示时间、地点、方式、程度、动作等。
第一节 知识点概述
一、形容词
（一）形容词在句子中的作用
1．作定语。如：
a beautiful park 一座美丽的公园
a powerful socialist country 一个强大的社会主义国家
something serious 严重的事
2．作表语。如：
The play Tea-house（茶馆）is both moving and interesting.
It is getting warm.
3．作宾语补足语。如：
Who left the window open
We should keep the reading-room quiet.
4．“定冠词the + 形容词”表示一类人或物，作“主语或宾语”，意思为“……的一种人”，“……的东西或事情。” 如：
The new will take the place of the old . （新事物将代替旧事物）
Man loves the true, the good, the beautiful; and hates the false, the ugly, the bad. (人们爱真、善、美, 恨假、丑、恶)
5．有些形容词只能作表语 如：
ill, glad, asleep, afraid, alive (活着的)，alone(单独的)
6．使役动词加-ed 和 –ing都可构成形容词，加-ed形容词表示“人感到如何”，加-ing形容词则用来描写事物， 如：
We were excited, / the exciting news.
7．有些名词加后缀可变成形容词， 如：lovely friendly, windy, crowded, careful, careless, wooden, sunny, rainy等
8．形容词和介词有固定搭配， 如：
different from, the same as, far from, near(close)to , afraid of, full of 等
有的还可和连系动词一起构成短语
be (become) interested in, be good (poor) at
be pleased with, be bad for, be harmful to等
9．形容词用在感觉动词后面， 如：look, seem, taste, small, feel, 可用作表语。
Look fine, seem true, taste good
（二）形容词在句子中的位置
1．形容词一般放在被修饰的名词之前。两个或两个以上形容词修饰一个名词时，形容词排列的次序一般应考虑下面二种情况。
（1）与被修饰名词关系比较密切的形容词位置靠近名词， 如：an exciting American film,
（2）音节少的形容词位置在前，音节多的形容位置在后
2．在下列情况下，形容词应后置
（1）修饰不定代词复合词 something, anything, nothing等，如：anything important, nothing easy
（2）同表示数量的词组连用， 如：twenty feet long, five gears old
3．几个形容修饰一名词时，一般顺序为大小（little除外），一般描述,年龄（little）,形状，色彩,由来,用途， 如：
a fine round maple（枫木）writing table,
a famous old English country house
二、副词
（一）副词在句子中的作用
副词在句子中主要用作状语，许多副词皆由形容词加-ly 构成，如：careful-carefully.以辅音字母结尾的，则把-y改成-ily，如：angry-angrily, 如形容词以-ic 结尾的，加-ally,如：historic-historically。如形容词以 -e结尾，就须去掉e, 再加-ly, 如true-truly, simple-simply
副词主要被分为以下几种：
1．时间副词，如：often，early，usually，now
2．地点副词，如：here，above，outside，below，there
3．方式副词，如：hard，fast，badly，well
4．程度副词，如：very，quite，much，still，even，almost
5．疑问副词，如：how，when，why
（二）副词在句子中的位置
1． 时间副词和地点副词的位置
（1） 表示确定时间的副词和地点的副词，一般放在句尾，如句中同时有地点副词和时间副词，地点副词通常在前，时间副词在后。
（2） 表示不确定时间的副词通常放在行为动词前，但要放在be动词，助动词，情态动词后，如：always，usually，often，never，ever，seldom，sometimes，rarely，generally等。
2． 修饰形容词和副词的程度副词，除enough后置外，一般放在被修饰词的前面。副词在此作状语。 如：
be well enough, go fast enough
3． 修饰动词的方式副词有以下几种
（1） 修饰不及物动词时，该副词要后置信，如：sing well
（2） 修饰及物动词时，可放在被修饰词之前或宾语之后；如宾语较长也可放在动词和宾语之间。如：study English hard，see clearly the words on the blackboard
（3） 及物动词和副词（如：down，on，off，in，out，up等）组成的动词词组，其宾语是名词，该名词可放在副词之前或之后：如是代词，该代词一定要放在副词前。
He cut down the tree. / He cut the tree down. / He cut it down.
4. 修饰名词的副词放在被修饰词之后，如：The man there is my father.
第二节 实战演练
一、例题选讲
例1 He studies English ．
A． good B． better
C． best D． well
答案： D
提示： study是行为动词，后面要用副词well。
例2 The little baby looks ．
A． lovely B． carefully
C． heavily D． sadly
答案： A
提示： 本题掌握连系动词后接形容词作表语的用法。look意为看上去，连系动词后接形容词表示人的情绪特征或状态。选项A中的lovely是形容词，其他各项是副词。本句意思是“这小孩看上去真可爱”。
例3 Her brother can draw an artist．
A． as well as B． not so well as
C． as better as D． as better as
答案： A
提示： 本题是副词的同级比较用法。同级比较中，形容词或副词要用原级。as…as 形式可用于肯定或否定结构中，而so．．．as用于否定结构中。
例4 This is building in our city．
A． older B． elder
C． eldest D． the oldest
答案： D
提示： 这道题要求掌握对最高级的用法。由于此题后面提供的是in our city，所以前面要用最高级。
例5 He is my brother．
A． older B． elder
C． oIdest D． old
答案： B
提示： elder或eldest是用于兄妹兄弟之间长幼关系的比较，在此表示“我的哥哥比我年长”，要用elder。
例6 Li Ping is the tallest the two．
A． at B． in
C． on D． of
答案： D
提示： of用于名词复数和具体数量，表示“在……之中”。in之后跟名词，主要表示地点、场所或范围，指“在……之内”。
例7 you able to come here this afternoon.
A． Will B． Have
C． Can D． Are
答案： D
提示： able是形容词，不能单独作谓语，必须和动词be连用。be able to表示“能”。
二、复习时需要注意的要点
形容词的词序
在名词前出现几个形容词作定语时，常常涉及词的排列顺序问题。例如：a fat old lady不能说成an old fat lady，a small black leather handbag不能说成a leather black small handbag等。
形容词的词序问题比较复杂，前置形容词的排列顺序由它们和被修饰名词之间的关系决定，关系密切的靠近被修饰词，关系较远的离之稍远。
形容词就是按限定词、一般性描绘、大小、长短和高低、形状、年龄和新旧、颜色、国籍、地区和出处、物质和材料、用途和类别这一顺序来修饰名词的。
第三节 巩固练习
I 选择填空:
1.These apples taste .
A. well B. good C. to be nice D. pretty
2.A PLA man took to a hospital by himself
A. an ill boy B. a sick boy C. a boy ill D. a seven years old boy
3.What news !
A. an exciting B. exciting C. an excited D. excited
4.The trip was and everyone was with it.
A. pleasant, pleased B. pleased, pleasant C. pleased, pleased D. pleasant, pleasant
5.The music of the film sounds .
A. sweetly B. lovely C. terribly D. loudly
6.What was the reason for your absence
A. true B. good C. real D. bad
7.What make you
A. kindness B. good C. happy D. happily
8.Jack was to go to school last year.
A. enough old B. enough young C. old enough D. young enough
9.This is a new road. It is .
A. five kilometer long B. a five-kilometres-long
C. a five kilometers long road D. a five-kilometre-long road.
10.Is this room that one
A. so large as B. some large as C. the same large as D. the same size as
11.This is a story about a woman teacher.
A. true real B. real true C. truly really D. really truly
12.His child broke the new glass, But he doesn’t get .
A. angrily B. angry C. well D. good
13.The young the new,
A. like, don’t they B. likes, doesn’t he
C. like, don’t the young D. likes, doesn’t he
14.Can you retell the text in English, It is not for you.
A. easy, hardly B. easily, hard C. hard, easily D. easy, hard
15.Don’t you think it’s ___good to be true
A. too B. enough C. very D. much
16.He is ___to go to school.
A. good enough B. enough good C. well enough D. Enough
17.These dishes are ___ delicious .I enjoy them ___much.
A. very, very B. very, much C. very, very much D. very, much
18.It’s ___to work, but he still works ___.
A. hard, hardly B. hardly, hardly C. hardly, hard D. hard, hard
19.What do you ___do on Sundays
A. sometimes B. usually C. always D. yet
A. 20.He didn’t get there ___to catch the train.
B. too early B. early enough C. fast enough D. late
21.I’ll stay here ___Monday.
A. till B. for C. in D. by
22.He’s lived here ___.
A. three years ago B. for three years ago C. since three years ago D. since three years
23.Which is ___ , Spain or Australia
A. more developed B. more developing C. most developed D. most developing
24.Is it raining ___
A. hardly B. hard C. big D. heavy
25.This book is ___ , but I am not ___ in it.
A. interesting ,interested B. interested, interesting
C. interested, interested D. interesting, interesting
II. 根据全句的内容将括号内的汉语译成英语：
1.It is (非常奇怪)that our monitor is absent.
2.There is (有些奇怪)in hen manner to her teacher today.
3.It is not （容易）for the boy to write a (五百单词的)article in half an hour.
4.Please wait here, I’ve got (有趣的事)to tell you.
5.-May I leave early, Miss Wang
- （有什么重要的事吗？）
6.Every nation, (无论大小)，has its customs and culture.
7.Many men and women, some (七十多岁了，) do morning exercises in the park every day.
8.The (振奋人心的) news made us (振奋人心).
9.Shanghai Students’ Post is a (周报)
10.It’s not my bike, It must be （别的什么人的）.
III. 选择正确的形容词填入空格
1. asleep, sleep,
( 1 )–Where’s my cat
-Oh, it is .
(2) Mother is singing a song.
2. ill, sick
(1)Could I ask for leave I want to visit a aunt in a hospital.
(2) Tom doesn’t like school, He often pretended that he fell in the morning.
3. alive, living
(1) In spite of the cold winter, these fish were still .
(2) He is known to be the most famous writer.
4. elder, older
(1) Her daughter has just married.
(2) Though we were born in the same year, he looks than I.
5. only, alone
(1) Zhang Ming is the student in our class who has ever been to America.
(2) This can’t made him become a great runner.
6. pleasant, pleased
(1) Li Hua’s parents were with his school.
(2) The Wangs live in a flat, with waxed(打腊的) floor and nice furniture.
7. interesting, interested
(1)How we have seen the film!
(2)Was Jack become in playing the violin when he was teens
8. true, real
(1) Let me tell you a story.
(2)Mr. Ma is a man.
IV. 选择正确的副词填入空格
1. really, yet
(1) He hasn’t received any invitation ___.
(2) The boy has learned how to write ___.
2. ago, before
(1) Tom told his mother that he saw a sheep in the street three days ___.
(2) Ten minutes ___,he came to help me.
3. either, too
(1) You like playing video games. I like playing video games, ___.
(2) He doesn't want any pears, I don't want any pears, ___.
4. in, after
(1) He can finish reading the novel ___three days.
(2) He can be back ___three o’clock.
5. just, just now
(1) Where’s my umbrella It was ___.
(2) He’s ___been to Nanjing.
6. How far, How long
(1)___is it from your home to the cinema
(2)___does it take you to get to the school
7. How long, How soon
(1)-___ will she come back
-In two hours.
(2)-___ did he stay in Beijing
-For seven days.
8. ago, before
(1)___liberation my family lived a poor life.
She went to America three days ___.
答案
I、
1. B 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.C 6.C 7.C 8.C 9.D 10.D
11.A 12.B 13.A 14.D 15.A 16.C 17.A 18.D 19.B 20.B
21.A 22.C 23.B 24.B 25.A
II、
1. very strange 2. something strange 3. easy , five-hundred-word 4. something interesting 5. Anything important 6. big or small 7. over seventy years old
8. exciting, excited 9. weekly newspaper 10. someone else’s
III、
1. (1) asleep (2) sleepy 2. (1) sick (2) ill 3. ( 1) alive (2) living
4.(1) elder (2) older 5. (1) only (2) also 6. ( 1) pleased ( 2) pleasant
7. ( 1 ) interesting (2) interested 8. (1) true (2) real
IV、
1.(1)yet (2)really 2.(1)before (2)ago 3. (1)too (2)either 4. (1)in (2)after
5. (1)just now (2)just 6. (1)How far (2)How long 7. (1)How soon (2)How long
8. (1)Before (2)ago
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中考英语词汇与语法满分快车道书稿
第十二章 句子的类型及成分
句子是具有一定的语法结构，表达一个独立完整意义的语言单位。
第一节 知识点概述
一、句子的类型
1．句子按结构分可分为简单句、并列句和复合句
简单句只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语动词（或并列谓语动词）。例如：
He likes swimming and often swims in the river.
并列句由并列连词把两个或两个以上简单句连在一起构成。例如：
I learn English and he learns French.
复合句中含有一个或一个以上的从句。例如：
It was raining hard when I got home yesterday.
2．句子按功能分可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句
陈述句用来说明一件事实或表达一种看法；疑问句用来提出问题；祈使句用来发出请求或命令；感叹句用来表达强烈的感情。
二、句子的成分
句子一般可以分为几个部分，每一个部分在句子中具有一定的功能，称为句子的成分。句子的成分有主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语和状语。
1． 主语是一个句子所叙说的主题，主语的位置一般在句首。
2． 谓语动词说明主语的动作与状态，一般在主语之后。
3． 表语位置在连系动词之后，说明主语的身份、特征和状态。
4． 宾语表示动作的对象，即动作的承受者，一般放在及物动词后。
5． 定语修饰名词、代词、短语或从句
6． 状语修饰动词、形容词、副词以及全句的句子成分。
三、祈使句
表示请求、命令、禁止、劝告或建议的句子叫祈使句。祈使句的主语往往省略。其常见的句式结构可归纳为四种基本形式：（1）肯定祈使句；（2）否定祈使句；（3）以Let’s开头的祈使句；（4）以助动词do开头的祈使句。
1． 肯定祈使句。如：
Stop talking! Come here in time!
2． 否定祈使句，即以Don’t或Never开头的句子。如：
Don’t talk in class. Never leave today’s work for tomorrow.
3． 以Let’s 开头的句子。如：
Let’s go together. Let him go first.
4． 以助动词do开头的祈使句，在句中起加强语气的作用，译成“一定，务必”。如：
Do come to see me if you have time.
四、感叹句
含有表示情绪色彩的词的句子叫感叹句。感叹句的结构通常有三种形式：（1）what引导的感叹句，强调句中的名词；（2）how引导的感叹句、强调句中的形容词或副词；（3）由感彩的单词或词组构成的感叹句。
1． What引导的感叹句。What+a/an+adj.+n.+主谓结构！（有时主谓结构可省略）。如：
What a hot day it is!
What good advice the teacher gave us!
What high buildings they are!
2． How引导的感叹句。How+adj./adv.+主谓结构！如：
How interesting the book is!
How hard they are working!
五、疑问句
用来提出问题，表示疑问的句子就叫疑问句。这类句子的形式比较多，中学阶段常见的有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。
1． 一般疑问句
一般疑问句是用来表示某人或某物是否属实，并且要用yes或no来回答的疑问句。这种疑问句朗读时要用声调。其语序一般要用倒装结构。如：
-Are you an engineer
-Yes, I am或No, I am not.
2． 特殊疑问句
以疑问代词（who, whom, whose, what, which等）和疑问副词（when, where, why, how等）开头的疑问句就叫特殊疑问句。这种疑问句朗读时用降调。其句式结构分正常语序和倒装语序两种形式。如：
What has happened to her
When did he fly to America
3． 选择疑问句
在句中提供的两个或多个答案中选择一个作回答的疑问句，就叫做选择疑问句。朗读时前面的一个或多个选择用升调，最后一个选择用降调。这种疑问句的句式结构有两种情况：即一般疑问句和特殊疑问句再加上供选择的两个或多个部分。但不管用哪种形式，都要按实际情况来回答。如：
-Do you enjoy playing football or volleyball –I enjoy playing volleyball.
-Which floor do you live on, the 15th floor or the 21st floor –On the 21st floor.
4． 反意疑问句
表示提问者对自己所陈述的事情有怀疑或是没有把握，需要别人加以证实的疑问句，就叫做反意疑问句。其句式结构由两部分组成，即陈述部分再加一个简略问句。如果陈述部分是肯定句，简略问句就用肯定形式。但不管用哪种形式，前后两部分中的人称、数、时态等都要保持一致，并且陈述部分中的主语不论是用什么词充当，简略问句中的主语一定是一个人称代词。对反意疑问句的回答，其肯定形式都用yes，否定回答用no。朗读时，陈述部分通常用降调，简略问句部分用升、降调都可以。如：
-You spoke at the meeting yesterday, didn’t you
-Yes, I did. 或No, I didn’t
第二节 实战演练
一、例题选讲
例1 A: ？B: I feel terrible, I can’t do anything today.
A． How do you do B． How are you
C． What do you do D． What’s the matter with you
答案： B
提示： 从本题看，是通过答语来选择问句。而答语明显的是说明身体感觉不舒服，而四个选项中又只有答案B是问身体状况的。
例2 Which do you like , tea, orange or water
A． best B． well
C． better D． good
答案： A
提示： 这里应该选副词的最高级形式
例3 -Where did you get your beautiful shirt -
A． Oh, no B． It was made in China
C． Thank you D． My brother brought it for me in Moscow
答案： D
提示： 从疑问词来看，主要是问where，而答语中D回答了这个问题。
例4 Tom goes to school by bus every day,
A． does Tom B． doesn’t Tom
C． doesn’t he D． does he
答案： C
提示： 在改成反意疑问句时，反意疑问部分的助动词按照一般疑问句的规则与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主语通常用人称代词。
例5 fine weather it is!
A． What B． What a
C． How a D． How
答案： A
提示： 此句的意思是：多好的天气啊！被修饰词是weather，是不可数名词，因此用What，而不能用What a。
二、复习时需要注意的要点
（1）否定词如hardly, never, neither等not+any/anything/either/ever等构成完全否定的结构。
（2）think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine等词后接宾语从句中否定结构常常移到主句的谓语动词中。
（3）反意疑问句要注意肯定部分和否定部分的搭配，两个部分动词、时态要一致。
第三节 巩固练习
I. 将下列句子改为反意疑问句。
1. They had a good time, ________ ________
2. He seldom goes to the park, ________ ________
3. Don’t throw the waste paper on the ground, ________ ________
4. He often does his homework in the evening, ________ ________
5. He thought he could do it by himself, ________ ________
6. I don’t think he has been to America, ________ ________
7. There is little water in the bottle, ________ ________
8. Don’t be late for school, ________ ________
9. Let him go first, ________ ________
10. His father had lunch at the factory, ________ ________
II. 将下列句子改为感叹句。
1. The book is very interesting.
2. He gave me some useful advice.
3. The music sounds interesting.
4. They had a good time that day.
5. The moon is bright tonight.
6. They are working hard.
7. The boy runs fast.
8. She had long hair.
9. They are working hard.
10. He brought us exciting news.
III. 对下列句子的划线部分提问。
1. At nine o’clock the rich woman asked the singer to come upstairs.
2. She decided to give art lessons to the poor girl.
3. They went out to look for the lost child.
4. It’s about 2 kilometers from my home to the nearest hospital.
5. The Yellow River is 5464 kilometers long.
6. That’s Mr Green’s house.
7. She went to the station to meet her mother last night.
8. This dictionary is six dollars.
9. It’s Friday today.
10. It’s January 3rd tomorrow.
11. He likes maths best.
12. They studied in No.11 Middle School.
IV. 指出下列句子的类型
1． They have worked hard since then.
2． When I got there, it was raining hard.
3． I looked, but saw nothing
4． He didn’t attend the meeting, because he was ill.
5． I saw him doing his homework.
6． It was easy for us to recite the text.
7． What is the name of the book that you borrowed yesterday
8． The film is interesting, so I want to see it again.
9． How to get rid of pollution is a series problem.
11. What he sad is very important.
答案
I、
1.didn’t they 2.does he 3.will you 4.doesn’t he 5.didn’t he
6.had he 7.is there 8.will you 9.will you 10.didn’t he
II、
1. How interesting the book is! / What an interesting book it is!
2. What useful advice he gave me!
3. How interesting the music sounds!
4. What a good time they had that day!
5. How bright the moon is tonight!
6. How hard they are working!
7. How fast the boy runs!
8. What long hair she had!
9. How hard they are working!
10. What exciting news he brought us!
III、
1. What time did the rich woman ask the singer to come upstairs
2. Who did she decide to give art lessons to
3. Why did they go out
4. How far is it from my home to the nearest hospital
5. How long is the Yellow River
6. Whose house is that
7. Where did she go to meet her mother last night
8. How much is this dictionary
9. What day is it today
10. What’s the date tomorrow
11. Which subject dies he like best
12. Which middle school did they study in
IV、
1. 简单句
2. 复合句
3. 并列句
4. 复合句
5. 简单句
6. 简单句
7. 复合句
8. 并列句
9. 简单句
10. 复合句
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