课件66张PPT。Useful structures语法详解：
所谓主谓一致是指主语和谓语动词之间,即主语的人称和单复数形式决定着谓语动词对应的形式。The boy ___ diving.They ____ diving.Both Jack and Tim ___ diving.All of them ____ diving.Neither Jack nor Tim ___ walking.isareareisareFinish the following exercises:Bob _____ a worker.isMike and Bob _____ workers.areBoth Mike and Bob ____
workers.areNeither Mike nor Bob ___a teacher.isNeither of them ___________
(know) how to teach English. knows/knowAll of them ______ workers.None of them ___________
(know) how to teach English.are knows/know主谓一致主要有以下几种情况：1. and连接两个或两个以上单数名词或者代词作主语的时候,谓语动词有以下两种情况：
(1) He and I _____both students of this school. 我和他都是这个学校的学生。
如果指两个或两个以上不同的人或事物的时候,谓语动词用复数。语法一致原则(2) 但如果连接两个以上的名词指的是同一个人或物, 或者指同一概念的时候, 谓语要用单数。 The singer and dancer____ going to give us a performance.
那个歌唱家兼舞蹈演员要给我们表演。
The knife and fork ____on the table.
刀叉在桌子上。 isis2. 如果主语是不定式, 动词ing形式或主语从句的时候,谓语动词用单数。
What he is doing seems very important. 他正在做的事情看起来很重要。
Collecting stamps is his hobby. 收集邮票是他的爱好。3. 定语从句的关系代词who, which, that在从句中作主语时，要与先行词的人称和数保持一致。
Those who enjoy singing may join us.
Tom, who is your friend, should help you.4. with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, except, but, including 如果句子中有这些连接词和主语连用,谓语动词的数随主语的变化而变化。例如：
The teacher, together with his students, is planting trees in the street. 老师和他的学生们正在街道上植树。either ... or; neither ... nor; not only ... but also, whether...or在句子中连接主语的时候或者在there be句型中,谓语动词要和就近的主语保持一致。就近原则Neither you nor I am wrong.
There is a cup of tea and some apples
on the table. Not only the students but also the teacher wishes for a holiday. 概念一致原则 所谓概念一致原则是指谓语动词和主语一致不是取决于主语的语法形式, 而是其实际意义。有的主语名词在形式上是单数, 但在意义上却是复数；有的主语名词在形式上是复数, 但在意义上却是单数。1. 不定代词all, more, some, any, none作主语,谓语动词视情况而定。All of the apples ____rotten.
所有的苹果都烂了。
All of the apple ____rotten.
整个苹果都烂了。
不定代词all, more, some, any, none作主语,谓语动词视情况而定。 are isNone of the money_____ left.
没有剩下一点钱。
None of the students _____ there.
没有学生在那里。 is is2. the rest of; half of; part of; majority of; percent of; one third of在句子中加名词作主语的时候,谓语动词与of后面的名词保持一致。Half of the students _____finished their
composition.
一半的学生已经完成了他们的作文。
Half of the apple ____bad.
一半的苹果坏了。
About 60 percent of the students in our
school ____boys.
我们学校, 大约百分之六十的学生是男生.haveisare3. 集合名词作主语, 动词可用单数, 也可以用复数。主要由句子的意思决定。强调整体谓语动词用单数；指全体人员时, 动词则用复数。这一类常见的集合名词有public, family, class, crowd, population, team, group。His family ____going out.
他们全家要外出。
His family ____all music lovers.
他们全家人都是音乐爱好者。
集合名词作主语, 动词可用单数, 也可以用复数。主要由句子的意思决定。强调整体谓语动词用单数；指全体人员时, 动词则用复数。这一类常见的集合名词有public, family, class, crowd, population, team, group。is are 4. 某些名词如people, police, cattle等,形式上是单数, 但意义上是复数, 谓语动词应用复数。people指“民族”时是例外。
The police are searching for a thief.
The cattle are eating grass on the hill.5. 复合不定代词作主语, 谓语动词要用单数，如someone ,somebody, something, anybody, anyone, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing。
Someone is asking for you.
有人找你。
Nothing is found in the room.
在屋子里什么也没找到。6. 某些名词如clothes, trousers, shoes, glasses等, 通常只用其复数形式, 但当它们被a pair of 修饰时, 谓语动词用单数。如:
The pair of shoes is worn out.
这双鞋破了。
The shoes are worn out.
鞋子破了。某些名词以s结尾如maths, politics, physics, news, plastics 等，谓语动词应用单数。
Physics is a very interesting subject. 物理是一门很有趣的学科。 8. every... and every ...; each ... and each ...; no ... and no ... 在以上短 语中and连接的单数名词, 整个短语 在句中作主语时, 谓语动词常使用单数。
Each man and each woman is asked to attend. Every boy and every girl in the class is diligent. 班级中的每个男孩女孩都很用功。
No sound and no voice is heard. 听不到任何声音。9. 以a number of 作主语时, 谓语动词用复数; 以the number of 作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。
A number of new books are on the desk.
The number of students in you class is 50.10. 有些名词的单数和复数形式一样, 作主语的时候, 其谓语动词由上下文决定, 这一类名词有: means, works, deer, fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese等。
Not every means is useful.
不是每种方法都好使。
Not all means are useful.
不是所有的方法都好使。 11. many a, more than one, one and a half与单数名词组成的短语, 谓语用单数。
Many a boy has seen it. 许多孩子都看到了。
12. 书刊名、时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数名词作主语时, 谓语动词常用单数。
Thirty years is not a long time.
Roots is a famous American novel.1. this kind of book = a book of this kind (这种书) , 其谓语用单数; 短语this kind of men = men of this kind = these kind of men (口语) (这一类人), 但this kind of men 的谓语用单数, men of this kind 和these kind of men 的谓语用复数, all kinds of 后跟复数名词, 谓语用复数形式。例如：应该注意的几个问题: This kind of men is dangerous.
Men of this kind are dangerous.
2. 在主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。例如:
Between the two windows hangs a picture.3. “分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语以及由“ a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, a heap of, heaps of, half of + 名词”构成的短语作主语时,其谓语动词要与短语中of 后面的名词的数保持一致,这是因为短语中后面的名词是中心词,而短语中前面的量词是修饰语。例如:Lots of damage was caused by fire.
About three-fourths of the earth’s surface is covered with water.
Three-fifths of the workers here are women.
和这种情况类似的还有“a number of + 名词复数”。但是,“the number of + 名词”的中心词却是number。试比较：A number of students have gone to the countryside to help with the autumn harvest.
The number of pages in this book is two hundred.注意:
a (large) quantity of 修饰可数或不可数名词, 其短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
A large quantity of people is needed here.quantities of 修饰可数或不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词一般用复数。例如:
Quantities of food (nuts) were on the table.
短语in quantity, in large quantities 意为 “大量”; in small quantities 意为“少量”。 4. a great deal of, a large amount of, 修饰不可数名词, 其短语作主语时, 谓语动词通常用单数; large amounts of 修饰不可数名词, 其短语作主语时, 谓语动词通常用复数。例如:A large amount of (A great deal of) damage was done in a very short time.
Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge.5. 表示数量的one and a half 后, 名词要用复数形式, 但是其短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。例如：
One and a half bananas is left on the table.6. 如果主语由“the + 形容词(或过去分词)”结构担任时,谓语通常用复数;这类词有: the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead, the deaf and dub, the oppressed, the injured, the wounded, the unemployed 等; 但也有少数的过去分词与定冠词连用时指个别,则用单数。例如：The blind study in special school.
The departed(死者)was a well-known engineer.
这类形容词或分词如果要表示个体时,就要与名词man, person 或表示人的单数连用。例如: an old man, a rich person, the (a) wounded soldier.高考链接1. As a result of destroying the forests, a large _____ of desert _____ covered the land.(上海2001）
A. number; has B. quantity; has
C. number; have D. quantity; haveB精析：a large number of 后面要接复数名词，所以A不能作为答案。因为desert是单数，所以要填 has。这句话的意思是“毁坏森林的结果是，大片沙漠覆盖了陆地．”答案 B2. ____ of the land in that district ____ covered with trees and grass.(上海2000)
A. Two fifth, is B. Two fifth, are
C. Two fifths, is D. Two fifths, areC精析: 分数的分子用基数词,分母用序数词表示.如果分子大于1, 分母序数词后加-s. 分数和百分比作主语时,谓语动词的形式取决于分数和百分数后面的名词.句子中的主语 land是单数,所以谓语动词要用is covered. 答案C.3 ---- Each of the students, working hard at his or her lessons, ____ to go to university.
---- So do I.（全国1998）
A. hopes B. hope C. hoping D. do hopeA精析：这句话的主语是 Each of the students，是单数，所以要 hopes 选作谓语。现在分词短语working hard at his or her lessons 作状语，表示伴随的情况。有的考生盲目地把 lessons 当成了主语，填写了hope，发生了错误。本题的译文：每一个努力学习的学生都想上大学。我也是。答案 A。4. ____ people in the world are sending information by e-mail every day.（上海2001）
A. Several million B. Many millions
C. Several millions D. Many millionA精析: 在million前如果有具体的数字或 several等词时，要用单数形式。 many一般不与 million等词连用. 表示“数百万”，英语为 millions of。这句话的意思是“每天，世界上有几十万人通过 e-mail传递信息。”答案 A。5.The number of people invited ______ fifty, but a number of them _______ absent for different reasons. (NMET'96)
A. were; was B. was; was
C. was; were D. were; wereC6. The number of students in this school _________ by 5% every year. (MET'92)
A. rise B. raise C. rises D. raises
"the number of+复数可数名词"作主语，表示"……的数目(数量)"，谓语动词用单数；"a number of+复数可数名词"作主语，表示"许多……"，谓语动词用复数。C7. A good deal of money _________ spent on books.(MET'84)
A. have B. has
C. have been D. has beenD8. As a result of destroying the forests, a large _________ of desert _________ covered the land.(上海2001)
A. number; has B. quantity; has
C. number; have D. quantity; haveB9. A library with five thousand books _________ to the nation as a gift. (MET'90)
A. is offered B. has offered
C. are offered D. have offeredA10. E-mail, as well as telephone, _________ an important part in daily communication. (上海'99)
A. is playing B. have played
C. are playing D. playA11. Nobody but Jane _________ the secret. (MET'86)
A. know B. knows
C. have known D. is known
12. All but one _________ here just now. (MET'87)
A. is B. was
C. has been D. wereDB13. Either you or the headmaster _________ the prize to these gifted students at the meeting.(上海'94)
A. is handing out
B. are to hand out
C. are handing out
D. is to hand outD14. Not only I but also Jane and Mary _________ tired of having one examination after another.(MET'87)
A. is B. are C. am D. be B15. She is one of the few girls who ______ in the kindergarten.(上海'94)
A. is well paid B. are well paid
C. is paying well D. are paying wellB16. He is the only one of the students who _________ a winner of scholarship for three years.(上海2002春)
A. is B. are C. have been D. has beenD17. _____ of the land in that district ____ covered with trees and grass.(上海2000)
A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are
C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; areC"分数或百分数+of+名词"作主语时,谓语动词的数与名词的数一致。18.When and where to build the new factory _________ yet.(MET'91)
A. is not decided
B. are not decided
C. has not decided
D. have not decidedA动名词、不定式或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。倒装句及there be句型中，谓语动词往往与最邻近的一个主语保持一致。19.There ______ no life on the moon. (MET'92)
A. is said to have B. are said to have
C. is said to be D. are said to beC20. Each of the students, working hard at his or her lessons，_________ to go to university.(上海'98)
A. hope B. hopes
C. hoping D. hopedB"either/neither/each+of+复数名词"作主语，谓语动词用单数。21. A group of _____ are eating _____ and ______ at the foot of the hill. (NMET'95)
A. sheep; grass; leaves
B. sheeps; grasses; leaves
C. sheep; grass; leaf
D. sheeps; grass; leafsA22.Every possible means _________ to prevent air pollution, but the sky is still not clear. (上海2000春)
A. is used
B. are used
C. has been used
D. have been usedC单复数同形的名词作主语时，依照意义一致的原则，表示单数意义时，谓语用单数；反之，谓语用复数形式。这类名词有：sheep, deer, means(方法、手段),works(工厂),species(种类)HomeworkFinish the exercises in USING STRUCTURES on Page 43.课件19张PPT。_________ close connection that people have with each other
_________ home made in tree usually for a bird
_________ organization with a special purpose, especially for research or teaching
_________ to fill one’s mindbondnestinstitutecrowd inAnswer key for exercise 1 on page 4Learning about language _________ the period of time when someone is a child
_________ giving opinions openly and honestly
_________ to move away from a place; to leave
_________ happiness and health of people; money paid by the government
_________ task that requires a lot of time and effortchildhoodoutspokenmove offwelfareprojectbehaveobserveadvertiseachievementspecialistAnswer key for exercise 2 on page 4inspireargueconnectionorganzationpermissionAnswer key for exercise 2 on page 4She saw my friend and ignored him as he danced happily.
She saw my friend and _________ him as he danced happily.
2. He knew what he was doing and it was not worth it.
He knew what he was doing but it was _________ .
3. It is usual for people to agree about the price of a new car.
It is usual for people to __________ about the price of a new car.
4. Many people look down upon poor people.
Many people ___________ poor people.observedworthwhilearguerespect1 rate
2 specialist
3 argue
4 observe
5 deliver
6 campaign
7 inspire
8 modest Using words and expressionsAnswer key for exercise 1 on page 42My neighbour Pat Anderson always shows great ________ and ___________ to others. One day we had an _________ in our family. My sister Lily was going to ______ a speech at an institute. I ________ to take her there, but our car would not start. I rushed into the street to hire a taxi. intendeddeliveremergencyconsiderationkindnessAnswer key for exercise 2 on page 42Then suddenly I _________ Pat. She was going to go to the hospital, because she feared that she had caught the ________ that was going around the local area. After she heard our problem, she rushed home to get her own car and took us there. The ________ was already in the hall. We were only just in time!audiencesicknesscame cross
努力提高工厂的工作条件是值得做的事情。(It is worthwhile to…; condition )
她的行为鼓舞了其他人继续为野生动物保护而奋斗。 (behaviour; inspire)It is worthwhile to improve working conditions for factory workers.Her behaviour inspired others to carry on the fight for wildlife protection.Answer key for exercise 2 on page 42作为一名学生你应该谦虚，不应该瞧不起那些知道得的比你少的同学。(modest; look down upon)
如果人类继续这样干，我们很快就会陷入能源危机。(human beings; be short of )As a student, you should be modest and not look down upon the classmates who don’t know as much as you do. If human beings go on behaving like this, we will be short of energy soon.5.年轻的一代中，许多人都喜欢外国音乐和电影。(generation)
6.如果想知道如何翻译这个句子，你最好查字典。(refer to )
7.当游行的队伍离开广场后，人群拥了进来。(move off; crowd in )Many of the young generation enjoy foreign music and films If you want to know how to translate this sentence, you’d better refer to a dictionary .When the parade moved off from the square the people crowded in .Discovering useful structuresThe family _______ (be) very big.
The family _______ (be) very early risers.
2. This class ________ (have) eighteen girls and twenty-five boys.
This class ________ (be) very bright especially in science subjects.
3. The government _________ (be) having an important meeting when I got there.
The government _________ (be) planning future cuts in income tax.isarehasiswasareAnswer key for exercise 2 on page 54. It was late, but the audience _________ (be) still entering the hall.
The audience _________ (seem) to have enjoyed the concert.
5. The police _________ (be) an organization which protects the public from harm.
The police _________ (be) people who catch thieves and robbers.
6. The public _________ (be) very excited now that the concert hall is finished.
It was unfair that the public __________ (be) not asked for their opinions.wasseemisareiswereDear Xiaoyu,
I think everyone _________ (is/are) settled in London, although neither the weather nor the food _________ (is/are) good. Either rain or snow fell every day this week but everybody _________ (has/have) tried to ignore it. My friends and my mother _________ (has/have) visited almost all the museums in London. isishashaveAnswer key for exercise 3 on page 5None of them _________ (carry/carries) an umbrella but nobody ________ (has/have) let that affect their activities. We are enjoying ourselves so much that I wonder if anybody _________ (want/wants) to come home. This group of tourists ________ (love/loves) the culture and ________ (is/are) happy in England and would like to visit London every summer!carryhaswantsloveareUsing structuresD
A
B
B
D
C
A
BAnswer key for exercise 1 on page 43After the talk the audience ________ (is/are) to be divided into two groups. One group ________ (is/are) for the very young with nobody older than eighteen. The other group ________ (is/are) for their parents. Both groups _________ (is/are) to discuss the generation gap. Neither ________ (is/are) sure how well __________ (he/she/they) understand each other. But neither _________ (does/do) they think that it cannot be resolved. isisisareistheydoAnswer key for exercise 2 on page 43All the trouble ________ (seems/seem) to come from misunderstandings. So what ________ (seems/seem) to be most important ________ (is/are) to have an understanding family. It is the same with a team or a company. A football team _________ (plays/play) very well if ________ (it/they) ___________ (understands/understand) each other. A company _______ (becomes/become) a big family for the same reason. seemsseemsisplaytheyunderstandbecomesMany variations are possible.
This is one possibility.
Verse 1: has come, stands, listens, seems
Verse 2: has come, bother, stand, listen, look, seems
Verse 3: has come, feel, stand, look, is moving Answer key for exercise 3 on page 43课件33张PPT。ListeningListening on page 7You are going to hear a personal opinion on why women are not given the same chances in their careers as men. Before you listen, discuss the problems that women may have.男女就业比例： They have more difficulty getting an education.1____________________________________________
2__________________________________________________________
3__________________________________________________________________ They have more difficulty getting to the
top of their chosen career. They have to give up their careers for the childcare and running the house.Take notes on the three problems given in the listening.1. This way of thinking ________ some girls from training for a ______ .
2. Unless women are given the __________, they will never be able to show that they can ______________ successfully.
3. These are women’s _____________ while men do not have this problem. They can work long _________ and go on _____________. preventscareeropportunityrun companiesresponsibilitiesFill the blanks.business tripshoursListening text ARE WOMEN GIVEN A FAIR CHANCE?
I don’t think women are given a fair chance to have as good a career as men for three reasons.
First, girls have more difficulty getting an education than boys. If there is little money in the family, boys will get first chance to go to school. Even if girls do begin school, they often leave earlier to help the family or to go to work. It is often felt that girls will marry and look after another family but that boys must earn money for the family. This way of thinking prevents some girls from training for a career. Second, women have more difficulty getting to the top of their chosen career. Most people who run companies are men . So they choose other men to succeed them. This means that women get fewer chances to show how good they are at running businesses. Unless they are give the opportunity, they will never be able to show that they can run companies successfully.
Third ,women are more likely to give up their careers to look after children or run the house. This is because these kinds of responsibilities are considered women’s work . However, men do not have this problem. They can work long hours and go on business trips. They can improve their career chances since the family is cared for at home . 西元1429,英法战争如火如荼之际,法国偏远地区的一个小村落传开一个令法国人振奋的消息。该村落里一个十几岁的少女琼安(蜜拉乔娃维琪)对外宣称自己获得上帝的指示,将带领法国人击退来犯的英军,让法国恢复为一个自由的国家。原本流传于乡间的消息,逐渐为整个法国所知。 Listening on P41 法国当时的储君查理(约翰马可维奇), 在岳母的鼓吹下, 接见琼安,并同时将大批军队交由琼安指挥。一时之间法国军队士气为之一振, 接下来由少女所带领的军队战无不克, 英军节皆败退。储君也如愿加冕成为真正的国王。 国王登基后,不再支持琼安,在缺乏援兵的情况下,法军节节败退,琼安落入英军手中成为众矢之的,所有人将少女指为妖女。不再有人相信她,视她为女巫,最后,她被处以女巫死刑活活被烧死。五百年后,梵帝岗教廷为少女平反, 将她册封圣女贞德,平复五百年来的冤屈。 Joan of ArcListening on page 41Part 1 Her reason for fighting Her enemy How did Joan help? To drive the English out of France The EnglishShe joined the French army.1. thought , followed
2. angry, behaved, killed
3. later, understood, fighting Part 2 Listening textL=Luc LM=Ming
Part 1
LM: Who is Joan of Arc?
L: She was a very brave French lady
who fought for her country about six
hundred years ago.LM: Why did she do that?
L: Well, at that time English were ruling France. They treated the French very badly.
LM: Oh dear! Why didn’t the French soldiers drive the English out of France?L: They tried, but they did not have good leaders. So they lost every battle.
LM: How did Joan help?
L: She joined the French army. She was a very good soldier and she won battles against the English army!LM: Were women allowed to be soldiers then?
L: No, they weren’t! The Church didn’t allow it.LM: So how did she become a soldier?
L: Well, she dressed up and behaved like a man, and some people say she went to see the king of France and got his permission. Part 2
LM: How could she be so brave?
L: That’s because she believed God had sent her. She had many good ideas for attacking the English army. The French soldiers followed her. LM: I see , but what did the English do ?
L: They were very angry. They caught her and the Church decided she had not behaved as a woman should. So they killed her.
LM: How terrible! What happened to the French after her death?L: The French soldiers were inspired by her spirit and won more battles . Finally they ended the English rule in France.
LM: So she won in the end. Did the English feel sorry about what they did to her ?L: Yes, they did. Much later they understood that she was fighting for her country .The Church made her a saint! Listening task on P44People were killed by landmines.To stop the making or use of landmines.To help remove the landmines more quickly.Part 1The Oslo Agreement of ____ stopped the _______ and ___ of landmines ___ countries signed it and ___ countries agreed to make it part of their ____. We felt so happy and proud.
Jody Williams and ICBL have _______ an even greater ______ since then. It was the Nobel _____ Prize in _________________ .1997makinguse18181lawsreceivedhonourPeacethe same year / 1997Part 2课件59张PPT。Reading
A Student of African Wildlife. 简·古多尔(Jane Goodall, 1934—)生于伦敦。自幼即对动物行为极感兴趣。18岁离开学校，到赴非洲为止，她曾先后担任过秘书以及影片制作助理。此后，她在非洲担任古生物学家路易斯·利基的助手，与利基的合作经验使她能于1960年在贡贝溪动物保护区设立一个营区，得以观察该地黑猩猩的行为。1965年获剑桥大学动物行为 学博士学位。1977年她建立了“简·古多尔人、动物与环境研究所”。1991年，她倡议并成立了“根与芽”组织，目的是使从幼儿园到大学的年轻一代都能够行动起来，为了环境、动物和他们自己的社区创造一个更加美好的世界。1995年，被英国女王授予勋爵士。简·古多尔撰有许多书籍和论文，最著名的是《生活在人类的阴影中》(1971), 此著作已被翻译成15种文字。 菲利普·伯曼(Phillip Berman), 具有哈佛大学神学院比较宗教学学位。他的获奖作品有《信念的勇气》、《探索意义》和《回家的旅程》。 After a glance at the title, what do you think the passage is about?PredictingSkimming 1. Who is the protector?2. What animal are observed?Jane Goodall.Chimps.3. When did Jane Goodall arrive in Gombe? How old was she?4. What was the purpose of her study of the chimps?She arrived in Gombe in 1960 when she was26.Her purpose was to help the rest of the world to understand and respect the life of the chimps.A PROTECTOR OF AFRICAN WILDLIFEReading First Reading ( get the main idea of each paragraph)A PROTECTOR OF AFRICAN WILDLIFEWhat Jane discovered about chimpsHow Jane tries to protect the lives of chimps in their natural habitatJane’s achievementsHow the group followed Jane’s way of studying chimps in the wild① ② ③ ④ Watching a family of chimps wake up.
We follow as they wander into the forest.The mother chimp and her babies play in the tree.Go to sleep together in their nest for the night.The first paragraphThe whole dayThe second paragraph She discovered that chimps hunt and eat meat She observed chimps as a group hunting a monkey and then eating it She also discovered how chimps communicate with each otherTrue or false She hopes that chimps can be left in the forest.
She supposes that people should not use chimps for entertainment.The third paragraph She has spent more than forty years helping people understand her work.
She has built many special places for the wild animals to live in.The fourth paragraph Working with animals in their own environment.
Gaining a doctor’s degree for her studies.
Showing that women can live in the forest as men can.The achievement of Jane:ComprehendingWhat did the group do first in the morning? They_______.
went into the forest slowly
left the chimp family of chimps wake up
C. observed the family of chimps wake up
D. helped people understand the behavior
of the chimpsC 2. Why did Jane go to Africa to study chimps in the wild? Because she wanted_________.
to work with them in their own
environment
B. to prove the way people think
about chimps was wrong
C. to discover what chimps eat
D. to observe a chimp familyA 3. Jane was permitted to begin her work
after_________.
the chimp family woke up
B. she lived in the forest
C. her mother came to support her
D. she arrived at GombeC 4. The purpose of her study was to _____.
A. watch the wild chimps in cages
B. gain a doctor’s degree
C. understand and respect the
lives of chimps
D. live in the forest as men canC The passage is mainly about how Jane
Goodall worked with ________________________
and help people ___________________
______ of these animals.chimps in their environmentunderstand and respect the life General idea1. Do you think Jane Goodall was brave to go and live in the forest?
2. Would you have done what she did if you had the chance?Discussion3. What made Jane Goodall a great success?
What should we learn from Jane Goodall? There are two points that made her success: one is her way to study chimps, and the other is her true love to the animals.
The first one is facile (易做到的), because it is only a way. Everyone can do it. But for the second one, it ismore easily said than done. As a woman, she gave up everything, went to the forest to study the chimps and devoted all her love to these animals. It is really not easy. What we cannot understand is that how she has such great personality. 1. She concerned herself with welfare projects.
关心；关怀 We must concern ourselves with current affairs.
我们必须关心时事。Language points2. Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans.
behave (well/ badly) to /towards sb. behaved badlylearn to behave(1) vi. to act; bear oneself 行为, 举止, 举止适当或有礼
她表现出了很大的勇气.
She behaved with great courage.
他对顾客的态度不好.
He ____________ to (towards) the customers.
你应该学会举止得体
You should ______________.(2) vt. (oneself) in a socially accepted or polite way 举止适当或有礼
Please behave (yourselves), children. (3) vi. (of things) to act in a particular way (指事物) 有某种作用
我的摄像机自从修好后一直很正常。My camera ____________________ since it was repaired.has been behaving wellbehaviour n.
Their behaviour towards me shows that they don’t like me.
She was ashamed of her child’s behaviour.3. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our…..
观察黑猩猩一家如何醒来是我们......动名词作主语
主语是由不定式、动名词、从句构成的，谓语动词采用单数。
Working?with?you?is?pleasant.
Seeing is believing. 4. This means going back to a place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before.
由定语从句修饰的place做go的宾语。
leave+宾语+doing 让某人做某事
eg: They went off and left me sitting
there all by myself.5. … the evening makes it all worthwhile.be worthwhile doing / to do
a worthwhile experiment/job.
The experiment is worthwhile.
It is worthwhile to do the job. /doing the job.
Nursing is a very worthwhile career.well worth reading.The book is _________________
= It is worthwhile to read the book.Compare: be worth ( doing) sth.
be worthy of being done / sth
be worthy to be done…6. in the tree
in the tree 指树本身以外的事物或人 附着在树上, 如鸟等动物； on the tree 指树本身生长出来的东西, 如果实, 花等。7. She spent years observing and recording their daily activities.
1) spend
你暑假怎么打发? How will __________________________?you spend your summer holiday他把钱都花光了。
He has spent all his money.
spend sth (on sth)/ (in) doing sth用(钱);花(钱)
他将全部积蓄花在一辆新车上。
He spent all his savings on a new car. spend
pay
cost
take 花费sb spend … on sth
in (doing) sthsb pay some money for sth
sth cost sb some money
It takes sb … to do sthHe _____ about a third of his salary in
drinking.
She ____ 3000 dollars for the dress.
The DVD ____ her 150 yuan.
It ____ him ten days to finished the work.spent paid cost took2) observe
(1) vi.&vt. to notice/ watch carefully 观察注意到。
observe + n./pron./
sb. doing/do sth
that-cl 这位科学家一生都在观察星星。
The scientist has observed the stars all his life.
I observed a stranger go/going into the office.
They ___ the train until it disappeared in the distance.
A. saw B. watched C. noticed D. observedB8. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.
将only及其后面的状语提前放在句首,句子要用部分倒装语序，即将be动词、助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。only+状语“+部分倒装
只有这样，我们才能学好英语。
Only in this way_______________________.
到那时我才意识到我的错误。
Only then_______________________.did I realize my mistakescan we learn English better但Only +主语时不倒装
只有你了解我。
Only you_______________understand me.1. 只有当你明白我的意思了, 你才能认识到你的错误.
2. 只有当战争结束之后,他才重新回来工作.
3. 只有用这种方法,我们才能按时完成任务.Only when you understand what I mean, can you realize your mistake.Only after the war was over did he come back to work.Only in this way can we finish the task in time. only在句首修饰句子的主语时，
不用倒装语序。
Only Mary and Tom failed in the exam.9. …her study of their body language helped her work out their social system.
1). I can’t work out the meaning of
the poem. （理解，说出）2). Things have worked out badly.
3). Work out his income.
4). Work out a plan.
(发展，进行)(算出）(制定，拟订)10. the rest of
它之后可以接不可数名词或可数名词，但要注意含义, 以便决定后面动词的单复数形式。
e.g The rest of the money was
given to his son.
The rest of the apple was
thrown away.
The rest of the apples were sent
to the nursing home.11. argue (vi.) +with sb. about/over sth.
同某人辩论某事
他们正在和同学争论这个问题的解决方法.
They are arguing with their classmates
about the solution to the problem.他们正在争执战争是否正当。
They are arguing with each other
about the justice of the war.argue (vt.) + n. /clause(从句)/sb. to be…
我们据理力争我们应该得到更高的薪水。
We argued that we should be paid more.
他花钱的方式说明他很富有。
The way he spends money argues him to be rich.argue for / against为……而辩护/为反对……而辩论
工人们为争取罢工的权力而辩论。
The workers argued for the right to strike.
那个有名的律师将为这个穷人辩护.
That famous lawyer will argue for the poor man.
一些人为反对自由贸易辩论。 Some people argue against free trade.12. inspire sb. to do 鼓励某人做某事
His speech inspired us greatly.
The teacher inspired us to make greater efforts.
The memory of his childhood inspired his first novel.inspire 促成;赋予灵感
inspired 有灵感的
inspiring 激励人心的Exercises1. 值得下工夫去学习一门外语。 It’s _________________ a foreign language.
2. 她很感兴趣地观察他的行动。 She ________ his actions with interest.worthwhile to learnobserved3. 老师的表扬鼓励了全班同学。
The teachers praise _______ the class.
4. 你应该自食其力。 You should _______ yourself.inspiredsupportHomework1. Surf the Internet to find more information about great women and you are expected to present it to your peer in the next class.(作业内容)
2. Write two short passages about the two women ( about 100 words using the past tense form.)3. Debate (argument)Women are able to do more than men.Women are not able to do more than men.课件33张PPT。Why not carry on her good work?What qualities do you think a great woman needs? (Give some words to describe)intelligent determined
generous kind
Modest unselfish
hard-working brave
confident considerate….Review and lead in: A doctor who became
a specialist in women’s illnesses. She devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children. Her work encouraged many other women to become doctors.Lin Qiaozhi
(1901-1983) China林巧稚cleverness.Having a big ambition.to be kind to others, to love everyone.Can you guess what
made her famous?hard working Why not carry on her good work?do research 作研究
catch one’s eye 引起某人的注意
be intended for 为…准备, 预订
as well as 和, 也, 又
deliver a baby 接生
find out 找出Important expressions:devote one’s whole life to
献出某人的一生
carry on 进行…, 继续进行…
too…to 太 … 而不能 …Three achievements of Lin QiaozhiShe got a medical training for her career.She became a specialist in women’s diseases.She had made sure that about 50,000 babies were safely delivered.For whom and for what purpose did Lin Qiaozhi write a little book about how to look after babies?Lin Qiaozhi wrote a small book for mothers in the countryside who were not able to get to a hospital easily. It was to help them look after their babies properly.Ask and answer the following questions.2. Was it easy for a woman to get medical training at the time Lin Qiaozhi lived? Give a reason.There are many words such as busy, hard work, determination, good nature, kindness and consideration.3. Why do you think the writer chose to study at medical college?She choose to study at medical college because she wanted to help other women as Lin Qiaozhi did.4. What do you think are the important qualities that a doctor should have?I think a good doctor should be kind, competent and devoted.Retell the story. Lin Qiaozhi wrote a small book for _______ in the __________ who were _________ get to a hospital easily. It was to help them to _________ their babies properly.motherscountrysidenot able tolook after Qiaozhi lived in the early ________ ______. It was not ____ for women to get _______________ at that time. Education was for men ___ and women ______. She chose to study at medical college because she wanted ______other women.
I think Lin Qiaozhi is a good doctor and _____________.easymedical educationfirstsecondto helptwentiethcenturya great womanMain idea of the passage: This reading is about ______and ______ of a famous Chinese doctor- ___________. She was important for women in China because she was the first woman doctor to specialize in _______________ and the problems of _____________.the lifecareerLin Qiaozhiwomen’s illnesseshaving babies1. research n./ v. (in, into, on )
They are doing some research into/ on the effects of brain damage.
Will they publish the results of their research / researches?
他们将会发表己自的研究成果吗？I’m researching in Chinese history.
Language pointsThey are doing research on the effects of cigarette smoking.do some research ( on / for)2. It was a small book explaining how to ...
explain后接名词、代词、从句、wh-+to do作宾语。
He explained to us how to use the computer.explain不能跟双宾语结构, 不能说explain sb. sth. 而只能说explain sth. to sb.或explain to sb. sth.2. catch sb’s eye 引起(某人)注目 When I entered his new house, a beautiful picture caught my eye.3. intend vt/n.1). What do you intend to do /doing next?
2). He intends no harm.
3). Our dictionary is intended for/as the
students.be intended for “为……而准备, 预定”
intend to do /doing sth. “打算做…．”4. as well asas well后接as, 边接两个同类项, 表示“不但, 而且, 和跟”等意思, 强调as well前面的人或事物。
He came as well as his brother. 不仅他哥哥来了, 而且他也来了。5. …deliver a baby for a poor family…
deliver a baby: to help a woman to give birth to a baby 接生be delivered of a baby: 生孩子
She was delivered of a healthy boy.
她生下一个健康的男孩儿。6. devote oneself / sth. to sb / sth.把……献给 他一生促进世界和平的发展。 He devoted his life to promoting/ the promotion of the world peace.
刘胡兰把生命奉献给了祖国。 Liu Hulan devoted her life to our country.
他所有的余闲都花在学英语上。 He devotes all his spare time to learning English.7. Why not study at medical college like Lin Qiaozhi and carry on her good work?
Why not do sth 用来提出意见,解释为“为什么不……”
e.g Why not ask her?carry on (with) sth.
carry on doing sth.
解释为“进行……继续进行……”
e.g Carry on with your work while
I’m away.
Carry on working while I’m away.课件48张PPT。Check the answers of the textbook.Exercise 2 on P42kindness/ consideration, consideration/ kindness, emergency, deliver, intended, came across, sickness, audience1. It ’s worthwhile to improve the working conditions for the factory workers.
2. Her behaviour inspire others to carry on the fight for wildlife protection.
3. As a student, you should be modest and not look down upon the classmates who don’t know as much as you do.P42 Ex.34. If human beings go on behaving like this, we will be short of energy soon.
5. Many of the young generation enjoy foreign music and films.
6. If you want to know how to translate this sentence, you’d better refer to a dictionary.7. When the parade moved off from the square, the people crowded in.Reading taskElizabeth Fry? (1780 - 1845) Elizabeth Fry was a
Quaker (贵格会教徒,属
于基督教派,废除礼仪,
反对暴力和战争) who became famous for her work to reform the prison system in Britain in the early nineteenth century. By her example she inspired other women to play a fuller role in society: it was unusual for women to have a voice outside the home. It was also unusual for a Quaker to be so prominent, because at that time the Quaker movement was going through a 'quietist' phase, and was very inward looking. In 1780 Elizabeth Gurney was born in Norwich into a rich Quaker family. Elizabeth was well educated, which was unusual for a girl in those days. She helped her mother when she visited the poor and sick. Later, although Elizabeth had 11 children, she continued to do her charity work. She first visited Newgate Prison in 1813 and was horrified by what she saw. There were over 300 women and children crowded into a very small space.Elizabeth returned with warm clothing and straw for the sick women and children. Prisoners had to pay for everything in gaol (监狱). There were no toilets, just a bucket in the corner, and little drinking water. Children were sent to prison for stealing bread, wool or for damaging trees. Punishments for rich people were very different from those for poor people. In 1817 Elizabeth organised a group to help female prisoners at Newgate prison. She provided items for the women so they could sew, knit and make goods to sell. She started a prison school for the children to give them something to do. In 1818 Elizabeth was asked to speak to people in Parliament about the prisons. The 1823 Gaol Act was passed by Parliament, and some improvements were made. Elizabeth visited prisons all over Britain and argued for improvements. She wrote a book about prison conditions. She helped improve conditions on prison ships travelling to Australia. Prisoners were no longer chained to the decks during the voyage. Elizabeth Fry also set up a training course for nurses. Elizabeth Fry continued to help others until she died on 12 October 1845. Elizabeth Fry Born 1780.
Died 1845. Read the article quickly and find the answers to these questions:1. How did the women prisoners live?
They were being treated like animals. They had no beds, clean clothes, food or heating. Any child born in prison had to stay there and had no chance of receiving an education.2. What did Elizabeth Fry do to help them?
She provided food, clean clothes and straw for beds. Later she began a prison school for the children and taught the women to sew, knit and make goods to sell. And later she was asked to go to the leaders of Britain to discuss how to improve the conditions for prisoners.
3. What’s the result of her effort?
There are three results. One is that the women prisoners got some self-respect and improved their conditions for themselves. The second is that herdeeds influent some other women to join in the activity to help the women prisoners. The last one and also the most important one is that in 1947, after she died long time, the Quakers were given the Nobel Peace Prize.She taught the women to sew, knit and make goodsShe provided food, clean clothes and straw for beds. She began a prison school for the children. Language points1. However, Elizabeth was not content with her easy life and her growing family. 然而伊丽莎白并不满足于她的自在的生活和日益兴盛的家庭。
be content with sth
be content to do sth . Are you content with your present living condition?
He is content to eat simple food.
2. So the first thing Elizabeth did was to provide food, clean clothes and straw for beds.1) the first thing是主语, Elizabeth did 是定语从句, 修饰先行词thing, 从句的引导词that因在句中作宾语而被省略。was是系动词, to provide ... beds 是动词不定式短语作表语。
2) provide
provide sb. with sth.
provide sth. for/to sb.3. Of course she did not do all the work on her own. 当然她并非仅靠自己去做所有这一切工作的。
on one’s own
1) without help 靠自己
I can solve this problem on my own. 我能自己解决这个问题。2) alone 独自, 独立地
I’m on my own today.
相关短语:
call sth. one’s own 声称某物为自己所有
come into one's own 得到自己应得的东西 hold one’s own 坚持住, 支持住; 坚守住, 不被打败
of one’s own 属于某人自己的。
e.g. The soldier is holding his own. 那个士兵还能坚持。
They all think that she has a mind of her own. 他们都认为她是一个有主见的人。There are plenty of people to look after them and these people have only me to care about them.I agree with what my wife does. We should help those less fortunate than ourselves.Before she came we had no hope and no chance to change our life. Now we have the possibility of a new start. She has made a great difference.Here are some proverbs for you.
A light heart lives long. 静以修身。
Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to success.
自信是走向成功的第一步。
Constant dripping wears away a stone.
滴水穿石。Custom makes all things easy. 有个好习惯, 事事皆不难。
Do nothing by halves. 凡事不可半途而废。
Eat to live, but not live to eat. 人吃饭是为了活着, 但活着不是为了吃饭。
He is wise that is honest. 诚实者最明智。The more noble, the more humble. 越高尚, 越谦虚。
If a person knows that there is no gain, he has no worries and also no fear, he has reached the highest wisdom. 如果一个人知道心无所求, 无有恐惧, 那他就得到最高的智慧了。课件36张PPT。What do you want to do after you grow up?
Do you want to be a great person?Unit 1 Women of achievementWhat do you think is needed in order to be a great woman?Thinking ?willing to sacrifice hard-workingmodestunselfishinsistentperseverantdeterminedintelligentresponsiblegreat woman Do you know some great and successful women around the world or in the history?an inventor and a scientistgiven the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1911. the only woman scientist who was awarded Nobel Prize twice Madame Curie (1867-1934) from Poland.Empress Wu Zetian (624 - 705) She was the only female monarch (君主 ) of China. She lived in Tang Dynasty. She ruled the empire (帝国 ) for over half a century. Wu Zetian was the only woman who ever ruled the Chinese empire in her own right,her actions have been a subject for debate for more ten centuries. She was the most remarkable(非凡的), influential (有影响的)and mysterious(神秘的) woman in Chinese history.A Chinese saying goes:Women can hold up half of the sky.Who are they? A girl from the countryside who dressed as a man and went to fight for the French and to drive the English out of France. She was caught and put to death by the English. Joan of Arc
(1412-1432)
France She was born in the small
village in France. She lived
at the time when there was a
war between England and
France called “The Hundred Years War”. She showed the French army how to win battles and inspired them with the confidenceenough to defeat the English and send them back to England for good.
AT that time it was considered wrong for women to fight in the army.
Joan argued that God had
spoken to her and sent her
to help the army and
encouraged her to fight in
men’s clothes. Elizabeth Fry was a Quaker. She helped improve prison condition and gave prisoners work and education. Her work helped the Quakers get the Nobel Peace Prize in 1947. Elizabeth Fry
(1780-1845), Britain She was born in a Quaker family on May 21, 1780. In 1812 she first visit Newgate Prison in London and was very shocked at the conditions there. From then on she began to work to improve prison conditions in Britain. In 1816, she began her prison school. In 1818, she and 11 other Quakers talked to the leaders of Britain about life in Prison. By the 1820s she and her work had become well known .Soong Chingling (1893-1981), ChinaSong Qingling (1893-1981)She married Dr Sun
Zhongshan in 1915. She
was the vice-president of
the People’s Republic for
many years. She buried
herself with various welfare
activities, ranging from
heading the Women’s Federation
to a number of committees involving (orphan) children.
Sun Yat-sen A doctor who became a specialist in women’s illnesses. She devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children. Her work encouraged many other women to become doctors.Lin Qiaozhi
(1901-1983)
China She was born in Xiamen .
Her parents were Christians
and her father believed in the
education of women. At
elementary school one of her
teachers encouraged her to become a doctor . In 1929, She graduated from the University with a PhD degree in gynecology. In 1933, she studied in Vienna and then returned to China to work for women and children’s diseases.
She was very important in inspiring women to become doctors
and was one of the
founders of modern
gynecology(妇科医学) in
China. Jane Goodall went to
Tanzania and studied
chimps from 1960s. She
went with three African
helpers to live in the Gombe National Park in East Africa.
Her life was spent following and recording the social life andJane Goodallrelationships of the chimps. Because of her research, we now know that chimpanzees hunt for meat, use tools, and have different personalities.
In 1965, she earned her
PhD in Ethology from
Cambridge University. Jody Williams helped found an international campaign to stop the use of landmines. She worked hard to make as many countries as possible agree not to use them. She and her organization were given the Nobel Peace Prize in 1997.Jody Williams
(1950- ), USAGreat or not?To drive the English from France.Women were not allowed to fight like a man.She lost her life.to help improve prison conditions.She was criticized for neglecting her family and enjoying fame.Less time was spent with her husband and family.Her relatives held political opinions completely different from hers.After her husband died, she lived alone.To work for civil rights, democracy and peace.To help women and children with their illness and healthWomen had greater difficulties getting into medical college and getting further trainingShe never got married or had a family of her own.To work with animals in the wild.She lived a hard life in the wild.She gave up the comforts of life to study the chimps.To prevent the making and use of landmines.It isn’t easy to work with groups in different countries and persuade governments to stop the making and use of landmines.She has lost her own personal time because of the demands of the job.Life is difficult as it is.For women it sometimes seems twice as difficult. It's more difficult for women to become famous or get jobs in high positions Personal
qualities
of the great
peopledeterminedbraveconfidentwarm-heartedresponsibleunselfishhonestintelligentbroad-and-open mindedgenerouskindmodesthard-workingconsideratehelpfulactiveindependent Group work 1. Do you know a woman who really inspires (encourages) you? Describe her and explain why.Tips:
What does she look like?
Why did she choose to …?
What do you think about..?
What are her reputation?
Why do you admire her?
What are her contribution?
How would you describe her? 2. Is it harder for women to become famous or get jobs in high positions? Why?
