八年级英语（仁爱版）上下册语言点归纳

八年级英语（仁爱版）上册语言点归纳
Unit 1 Playing Sports ]
Topic 1 What’s your favorite sport
重点词语:
1. almost(反义词)never 2.win(过去式)won(名词)winner
3.ski(现在分词)skiing 4.famous(比较级)more famous
5.arrive(同义词)reach 6.leave(过去式))left
7.popular(最高级)most popular 8.healthy(同义词)fit(名词)health
(1) 词组
1. during the summer holidays 在暑假期间 2. between…and… 在两者之间
3. cheer sb. on 为某人加油 4. prefer doing sth. 更喜欢做某事
5. quite a bit/a lot 很多 6. plan to do sth. 计划做某事
7. have a skating club 举办滑雪俱乐部
8. go skating/skiing/bicycling/climbing/hiking 去滑雪/滑冰/骑车/爬山/远足
9. arrive in 到达 10. play against… 与……对抗/较量 11. for long 很久
12. leave for… 动身去… 13. the day after tomorrow 后天
14. places of interest 名 胜 16. play baseball 打棒球 17. at least 至少 18. be good at 善于做某事19. take part in 参加 20. all over the world 全世界
21. be good for 对……有益 22. a good wayto do sth一种好方法
23. keep fit/healthy 保持健康 24. relax oneself 放松某人自己
重点句型
25. What’s your favorite sport = What sport do you like best
你最喜爱的运动是什么
26. Which sport do you prefer = Which sport do you like better
你更喜欢什么运动
I prefer skating. = I like skating better. 我更喜欢滑雪.
27. Do you skate much = Do you often skate 你常滑雪吗
28. She spends at least half an hour in the gym every day.
每天她至少花半小时在体育馆.
29. She plays baseball pretty well and she is also good at jumping.
她棒球打得相当好而且擅长于跳.
30. What kind of sports do you like = Which sport do you like
你喜欢哪种运动
重点语言点
31. see sb. do sth “看见某人做了某事” 强调动作的全过程,常与every day;
often等连用.
see sb. doing sth. “看见某人正在做某事” 强调动作正在进行.
如: I saw you play basketball almost every day during the summer holidays.
I often see him draw pictures near the river. 我常看见她在河边画画.
I saw her go across the street. 我看见她过了马路
I saw her going across the street. 我看见她正在过马路.
[类似的有watch,hear,feel 等这类感观动词.]
32. join sb. 表示 “加入某人的行列” “和某人在一起”
join + 组织 表示 “加入某个组织” take part in 表示 “参加/出席某个活动”
如: Will you join us / I will join the skiing club.
She is planning to take part in the high jump.
33. arrive in + 大地 arrive at + 小地点 get to + 地点 = reach + 地点
如: My uncle arrived in Beijing yesterday.
I arrived at the Great Wall. = I got to the Great Wall. = I reached the
Great Wall.
注:reach here/there/home = get here/there/home = arrive here/there/home
34. leave… 离开…… leave for… 动身去…/离开到…
如: They are leaving Beijing tomorrow. 明天他们要离开北京.
They are leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow. 后天他们要前往日本.
35. a few “几个;一些” 修饰可数名词 a little “一点点” 修饰不数名词
如: There are a few eggs in the basket.
There is a little water in the bottle.
37. how long 表示“多久(时间)”; 提问时间段.for+一段时间
How soon 表示“多久(时间)”; 提问时间段.in+一段时间
how often 表示 “多常; 多久一次”; 提问时间的频率.
如: They will stay in Beijing for a week. → How long will they stay in Beijing
He plays basketball twice a week. → How often does he play basketball
7.be good at (doing) sth. = do well in (doing) sth. 擅长于(做)某事
如: She is good at (playing) baseball. = She does well in (playing) baseball.
8.make sth/sb + adj. 使某物(某人)在某种状态
keep …sth/sb + adj. 保持某物(某人)在某种状态
如: Playing soccer can make your body strong.
Swimming can help to keep your heart and lungs healthy.
重点语法
一般将来时：
（一）be going to 结构: ①表示主语进行某一将来行动的打算、意图。这种打算常经过预先考虑并含有自己做好某些准备的意思，因此通常认为用be going to表达的行动很可能会见诸实践。如：I’m going to play basketball with my classmates this Sunday.
我打算本周日和同学们一起打篮球。
She is going to buy a sweater for her mother. 她打算为她妈妈买一件毛衣。
②表预测。指根据迹象推测，而且马上或很快就要发生。
如：Look at those clouds. It’s going to rain. 瞧那些乌云！快要下雨了！
（二） will + 动词原形：表示单纯的将来事实，常与表将来的时间状语如:tomorrow,
soon, later, next time(week/month/year…)等连用。
will not = won’t; 缩略形式为’ll.
表示作出立即的决定。这种意图并未经过事先的考虑或计划，是临时的一种决定。
如：a. ----Please put your things away, Tom. 汤姆，把你的东西收拾好。
----I’m sorry. I’ll do it right away. 对不起。我马上就去做。
b. ----Would you like coffee or tea 您要咖啡还是茶？
----I will have a cup of tea,please. 我要一杯茶。
c. Don’t worry. I’ll help you. 别担心。我会帮你的。
表示预测。指说话人对于将来的看法、假设和推测。
如： I’m sure our team will win next time. 我确信下次我们队会赢。
Maybe she will go to the gym. 也许她会去体育馆。
表示许诺。如： I’ll do better next time. 下次我会做得更好的。
I’ll visit you tomorrow. 明天我会去看你的。
句式：肯定句：I/She/He/They will go to play baseball soon.
否定句：I/She/He/They won’t go to play baseball soon.
一般疑问句：Will you/she/he/they go to play baseball soon
回答：Yes, I/she/he/they will. No, I/she /he/they won’t.
（三）动词plan, come, go, leave, fly等用现在进行时表示将要发生的事.
如： I’m coming. 我就来。 He is leaving for Shanghai. 他将到上海去。
We are going to Beijing. 我们将去北京。
Topic 2 Would you mind saying sorry to Michael
1、 重点词语:
词形转换：
(1) adj. + ly → adv.
loud → loudly soft → softly quiet → quietly
clear → clearly angry → angrily easy → easily
(2)过去式：
fall → fell break → broke lose →lost throw → threw feel → felt
(3) 1.ill (同义词)sick (名词)illness 2.start(同义词)begin
3.far(反义词)near 4.smoke(现在分词)smoking
5.careless(反义词)careful 6.important(比较级) more important
7.Russia(公民)Russian 8.enjoy(现在分词)enjoying
9.invent(名词)invention;inventor 10.indoor(反义词)outdoor
11.century(复数)centuries 12.coach(复数)coaches
13.feel (名词)feeling 14.tiring(近义词)tired
(二) 词组:
have a soccer game 进行一场足球赛 fall ill 病倒了
be a little far from… 离……有点远 right away = at once 立刻;马上
miss a good chance 错过一个好机会 get/miss a goal 得到/失去一分
shame on sb. 为某人感到羞耻 do one’s best 尽某人的力
say sorry to sb. 对某人说抱歉 be sure to do sth. 确定做某事
be angry with… 生某人的气 do the homework 做作业
with one’s help = with the help of sb. 在某人的帮助下
serve food 上菜 turn up/down… 调高/低（音量）
keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事 in a minute 一分钟后；马上
on the phone 在电话中 take a seat 就坐
never mind 不要紧 a lot of traveling 一系列旅行
love/enjoy doing sth. 喜爱/欢做某事
have a very exciting life 过着非常兴奋的生活 as well 也
throw…into… 把……投进…… follow/obey the rules 遵守规则
over a century later 一个多世纪后 more and more people 越来越多的人
feel tired 感到疲劳 instead of… 替代……
ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事 make a plan for sb. 为某人订一份计划
build up 增进;增强 go right 正常运转
二.重点句型
Could you please do me a favor = Could you help me = Could you give me a hand 你能帮我吗？
Would you mind teaching me = Would you please teach me 你教我好吗？
You are always so careless. 你总是这样粗心大意.
Let me buy you a new one. = Let me buy a new one for you.让我为你买一个新的。
He invented an indoor game for his students so that they could play it even in
bad weather. 他为他的学生们发明了一项室内运动以便他们甚至在恶劣的天气也能玩。
And you can throw it with one hand or both hands.你能用一只手或两只手投掷它。
三. 重点语言点
ill 与 sick 都表示 “生病的”, 只能作表语而既可作表语也可作定语.
如: The man is ill/sick. 那个男人病了. (作表语)
He is a sick man. 他是个病人. (作定语)
Would you mind (not) doing sth 表示 “(不)做某事介意/好吗 ”
如: Would you mind coming and checking it 来修理它好吗
Would you mind not smoking here 不要在这儿吸烟好/介意吗
3. one of + 名词复数 表示 “其中之一……”, 主语是one,表单数.
如: One of my teammates is strong and tall. 其中我的一个队友又高又壮。
4. miss “错过,思念,遗失”
如: I missed the last bus yesterday. 昨天我错过最后一班车.
He missed his mother. 他想念他的母亲.
My God! I missed(=lost) my key. 天啊! 我把钥匙弄丢了.
5. be sure to do sth. = be sure that + 句子 “确定做某事”
如: We are sure to win next time. = We are sure that we will win next time.我们确信下次一定会赢。
be sorry for… “为某事抱歉”
be sorry to do sth. = be sorry (that) + 句子 “很抱歉做了某事”
如: I am very sorry for what I said. 我为我所说的话感到抱歉.
I’m sorry I lost your book. = I’m sorry to lose your book.很抱歉弄丢你的书。
7．tired adj. “（感到）疲惫的” , 主语是人 如: I feel tired today. 今天我感到累了.
tiring adj. “令人疲劳的”, 主语是事物 如:This job is tiring. 这份工作令人疲惫.
类似的有: excited 感到兴奋的 exciting 令人兴奋的
interested 感到有趣的 interesting 有趣的
8.15-year-old “15岁的”
15 years old “15岁” 如: He is a 15-year-old boy. = The boy is 15 years old.
类似用法: 2.5-mile / 2.5 miles
9. instead “替代;相反”, 一般单独使用,放在句末,前面用逗号隔开.
instead of…“替代……;而不……,相反”
如: I won’t go to Shanghai. I’ll go to Beijing, instead. 我不会去上海而会去北京.
= I’ll go to Beijing instead of Shanghai.
I drank a lot of milk instead of water. 我喝了许多牛奶而不是水.
have fun doing sth. = enjoy doing sth. 表示 “从做…….中获得乐趣”
如: I have great fun running. = I enjoy running.我总能在跑步中得到很大乐趣。
四、交际用语
(2) 请求和回答
Requests Responses
Could you please do me a favor Sure. What is it
Will you join us I’d be glad to.
Would you mind teaching me Not at all. Let’s go and practice.
（二）道歉和回答
Apologies Responses
I’m sorry I didn’t call you last night. Never mind.I guess you were busy last night.
I’m sorry I’m late for class. That’s OK. Please take a seat.
I’m sorry I lost your book. It doesn’t matter. That book isn’t important to meI’m sorry I broke your pen. Don’t worry. I have another pen.
Topic 3 Beijing will host the 2008 Olympics.
一、重点词组:
join the English club 加入英语俱乐部 fill out 填出/好
host the 2008 Olympics 举办2008年奥运会 go on 发生；进行
all the interesting places 所有有趣的地方 quite a lot 相当多
make friends with… 与……交朋友 be afraid 恐怕
be free 有空 seeyou then 再见
win the first gold medal 赢得第一枚金牌 behave well 举止得体
get 28 gold medals 获得28枚金牌 a symbol of … 一种……的象征
the winner of the first gold medal 第一枚金牌的获胜者
every four years 每四年;每隔三年(every other three years)
the mascot for the Beijing Olympics 北京奥运会的吉祥物
improve the environment 改善环境 plant trees and grass 种植花草树木
stand for 代表 the five parts of the world 世界的五大部分
do morning exercises 做早操 be fond of (doing) sth. 喜欢(做)某事
二、重点句型
1.Could you tell me your name 你能告诉我你的名字吗 = What’s your name
2.What do you do = What’s your job = What are you 你是干什么的
3. More and more foreign friends ride in my taxi (= take my taxi) now.
现在越来越多的外国朋友搭我的出租车.
4.Speaking English will help me a lot. 说英语将对我有很大帮助.
5.Please fill it out. 请把它填好.
6.What will the weather be like this weekend = How will the weather be
this weekend 本周末的天气怎样
7..There will be more roads in Beijing. 在北京将会有更多的马路.
三. 重点语言点
fill out + 名词 “填好……” fill + 名词/代词+out
如: Please fill out this form. = Please fill this form out. 请填好这张表格.
Please fill it/them out. (当宾语是代词时, 只能放中间) 请把它(们)填好.
be afraid… “恐怕” 指有礼貌地、委婉地拒绝别人. be afraid of… “害怕(做)……”
如: I’m afraid I won’t be free. 我恐怕没有空.
He is afraid of dogs. 他害怕狗.
They are afraid of losing the game. 他们害怕输了比赛.
may be “可能是……” may是情态动词 + be
maybe “或许; 可能” maybe是副词
如: He may be a teacher. = Maybe he is a teacher. 他可能是一名老师.
He may know her name. = Maybe he knows her name. 他可能知道她的名字.
between 在两者之间 among 在三者或三者当中
如: The answer is between A and B. 答案在A和B 之间.
The winner is among of us. 获胜者在我们当中.
5. There be 句型的一般将来时
正:There will be a sports meeting in our school this weekend.
= There is going to be a sports meeting in our school this weekend.
误:There will have a sports meeting in our school this weekend.
= There is going to have a sports meeting in our school this weekend.
四、交际用语
提建议的句型:
Would you like to go hiking with us 你想和我们一起去远足吗
What/How about going hiking with us 和我们一起去远足怎么样
Why don’t you go hiking with us 你为什么不和我们一起去远足呢
Why not go hiking with us 为什么不和我们为什么不和我们一起去远足呢 呢
Let’s go hiking. 让我们一起去远足吧!
Would you mind going hiking with us 你介意和我们一起去远足吗
Would you please go hiking with us 和我们一起去远足好吗
Shall we go hiking 我们一起去远足好吗 (shall在疑问句中与I 和we连用,表示提出或征求意见. 意思为 “……好吗 / 要不要…… )
Unit 2 Keeping Healthy
Topic 1 How are you feeling today
1、 重点词组:
have a (bad/terrible) cold 患（重）感冒 see a dentist/doctor 看牙医/医生
have a toothache/backache/headache/stomachache 牙痛/背痛/头痛/胃痛
have a cough/fever 患咳嗽/发高烧 have the flu 得了流感
have sore eyes 眼睛发炎 have a sore throat 喉咙发炎
take/have a (good) rest （好好）休息 sleep well 睡得好
drink a lot of boiled water 多喝开水 lift heavy things 提重物
stay in bed呆在床上 have a good sleep 好好睡一觉
feel terrible 感到难受 take sb. to… 带某人去……
take some medicine/ pills 吃药 day and night 日日夜夜
bad luck 倒霉 lie down 躺下
hot tea with honey 加蜜的热茶 brush one’s teeth 刷牙
have an accident 出了事故/意外 send sb. to…. 送某人去……
take/ have a look at… 看一看…… not…until… 直到……才…..
get well 恢复健康 plenty of… 充足;大量
take off your coat 脱掉你的大衣
二、重点句型
You should see a dentist. 你应该看牙医。
You shouldn’t lift heavy things. 你不应该提重物。
You look pale. 你看起来气色不好,很苍白.
You’d better go to see a doctor. 你最好去看医生.
You’d better not go to school today. 今天你最好不要去上学.
Thank you for your flowers and fruit. 谢谢你送来的鲜花和水果.
I couldn’t read them until today. 直到今天我才读了他们.
三. 重点语言点
1.身体某个部位 + ache，表身体某处疼痛。
如: headache 头痛 backache 背痛 stomachache 胃痛 toothache 牙痛
2.medicine “药” 为不可数名词pill “药片” 为可数名词
如: take some medicine 吃些药 take some cold pills 吃些感冒药
3.with “含有…” without “没有”
hot tea with honey 加蜜的茶 coffee with sugar and milk 加糖和牛奶
mooncake with eggs 含鸡蛋的月饼
Chinese tea with nothing = Chinese tea without anything 中国清茶
Go to school without (eating) breakfast. 没吃早饭去上学。
4.until “直到……为止” ; 句中动词一般为延续性动词
not …until…. “直到……才…” ; 句中动词一般为短暂性动词
如: He will wait for his father until ten o’clock. 他将等他父亲一直到10点为止.
He won’t leave until his father comes . 直到他父亲来他才离开.
5.both…and…. “……和……(两者)都”; 当主语时,谓语动词用复数.
如: I know both Jim and Tom. 吉姆和汤姆俩人我都认识.
Both Jim and I are 16 years old. 我和吉姆都是16岁.
6plenty of… “充足;大量” 既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词, 只用于肯定句,
相当于a lot of…/ lots of… many “许多”, 修饰可数名词
much “许多”, 修饰不可数名词
如: You should drink plenty of /a lot of boiled water. 你应该喝大量的开水.
You shouldn’t drink so much water. 你不应该喝这么多水.
I have many/lots of/a lot of/plenty of books. 我有许多水.
四、交际用语
(一)询问病情
What’s wrong/the matter/ the trouble with you 有什么不舒服
How are you feeling now 你现在感觉怎么样
Do you have a cold 你得了感冒了吗
(二)诉说病情
1. I feel terrible./ I am feeling terrible. 我感到难受.
2. I have a headache/stomachache/…. 我头痛/肚子痛…..
3. I can’t sleep well at night. 我晚上睡不4. 好觉.
5. I cough day and night. 我日日夜夜地咳嗽.
6. But my left leg hurts when I move it. 但是当我移动时,我的左腿疼.
(3) 表示同(4) 情
1. I’m sorry to hear that.听到这事我感到难过.
2. That’s too bad. 那太糟了. 3. Bad luck. 倒霉.
(5) 表达建议
1. You’d better (not) do sth 最好(不2. )做某事.
3. You should/shouldn’t do sth 你(不4. ) 应该做某事.
5. Shall I take you to the hospital 我带你去医院好吗
Topic 2 Is it good for your health
一、重点词组:
look tired 看起来很累 keep long fingernails 留长指甲
watch a soccer game on TV 在电视上观看一场足球赛 stay up 熬夜
wash hands before meals 饭前洗手 eat bad food 吃变质食物
play sports right after meals 饭后适当运动 take a fresh breath 呼吸新鲜空气
be necessary for… 对于……来说是必不可少的 in the daytime 在白天
keep you active 使你保持精力旺盛 throw litter about 乱扔垃圾
get enough sleep 得到足够的睡眠 need to do sth 需要做某事
exercise on an empty stomach 空腹锻炼 = without eating anything
get into 进入 become sick 生病 fight germs 抗击病菌
keep the air clean and fresh 保持空气清新 in different ways 用不同的方法
sweep the floors 打扫地板 as we know 众所周知
have the right kinds of food 吃正确种类的（健康的）食品
choose the wrong food 选择错误的（不健康的）食品 make us sick 使我们生病
二、重点句型
I see. Staying up late is bad for your health. 我明白了. 熬夜有害你的健康.
(动名词短语做主语谓语用单数)
2. How did Wang Jun get a headache 王俊怎样患上头痛的？
Is going to bed early good or bad for your health It’s good.
早点睡觉对你的健康有益还是有害 有益. (选择问句要根据事实回答)
Walking is good exercise and it is necessary for good health.
散步是很好的锻炼,是身体健康必不可少.
It will keep you active in the daytime. 它(早睡早起)将使你在白天保持旺盛的精力.
You must not throw litter about. = Don’t throw litter about. 不要乱扔垃圾.
We may have more than one headache each month每月我们可能会不止一次头疼.
You may get a headache when you can’t get enough sleep.当你睡眠不足时,可能会疼.
What does it mean when you have a headache 头痛对你来说意味着什么
The boy becomes sick. 那个男孩生病了.
As we know, food gives us enery. 众所周知,食物给我们提供能量.
If we eat too little or too much food, or if we choose the wrong food,
it can make us sick. 如果我们吃得太少或太多, 或者食物的选择不当会生病的.
三. 重点语言点
1. be good for… 对……有益 be bad for… 对……有害
如: Swimming is good for health. 游泳对健康有益.
Reading in strong sunlight is bad for the eyes. 在强烈的阳光下看书对眼睛有害.
2.disease 通常指具体的病, 表 “特定的疾病、病名”
illness 通常指生病的状态或表抽象的疾病
如： Germs can cause diseases. 细菌会引发疾病。
SARS is a serious disease. 非典是一种严重的疾病。
Don’t worry about his illness. 别担心他的病。
3.exercise 表 “锻炼/运动”时, 为不可数名词; 表 “练习”或有定语修饰时, 为可数名词.
如: He often takes/does exercise in the morning. 他经常上午锻炼.
Please do the exercises at once.请马上做这些练习.
He does morning exercises every day. 他每天做早操
. Walking is good exercise. 散步是很好的锻炼.
4.enough adj.“足够的” 修饰名词时,既可放在名词之前,也可放在名词之后.(但通常放在名词之前)
如: I have enough time/ time enough to finish this work. 我有足够的时间完成这项作.
There is enough food in the fridge. 冰箱里有足够的食物.
adv. “足够地” 修饰形容词或副词时, 均放在所修饰词的后面.
如: He is tall enough to reach the apple. 他足够高,能够得着苹果.
He speaks clearly enough. 他讲得足够清楚.
5.need “需要, 必需”
1 作实义动词: need sth. 需要某物 need to do sth. 需要做某事
如: I need some help. 我需要一些帮助. You need to see a doctor. 你需要去看医生.
He needs to take a bus. 他需要去搭车.
7 作情态动词: need + 动词原形
如: If she wants anything, she only need ask. 她想要什么东西, 只要开口就行了.
You needn’t finish this work today. 你不必今天完成这项工作.
8． too much + 不可数名词 表“太多的。。。”
much too + 形容词 表“太。。。”，much 起加强语气作用
如：Don’t eat too much meat. 不要吃太多的肉。
He is much too fat. 他实在太胖了。
四.重点语法
情态动词:
①must “必须, 一定” 如: We must study hard. 我们必须努力学习.
mustn’t “不可以” 如: You mustn’t walk on the lawn. 你不可以在草坪上行走.
②should “应该” 如: We should finish it on time. 我们应该按时完成它.
shouldn’t “不该” 如: You shouldn’t go to school late. 你不该上学迟到.
③had better “最好” 如：You had better go to bed early.你最好早睡。
had better not “最好不” 如：You had better not go to bed late.
你最好不要迟睡。
④may “可以” 如: May I come in 我可以进来吗
“可能” 如: You may get a headache when you work too hard.
当你工作太努力时,你可能会头疼.
Topic 3 We should do our best to fight SARS.
1、 重点词组:
talk with 与……交谈 hurry up 赶紧/快 go ahead = go on 继续（问）
spread easily 易传播 be afraid of… 害怕…… catch SARS 患上非典
do one’s best to do sth 尽力做某事 fight SARS 抗击非典
keep away from animals 远离动物 do house cleaning 打扫屋子
go to crowded places 去拥挤的地方 all the time = always 总是/一直
examine the patients 检查病人 take a message 捎口信
take care of… 照顾……= look after / care for
tell/ask sb. to do sth 叫某人做某事 call back 回电话
take an active part in 积极参加 leave a message 留口信
care for patients 照顾病人 save the patients 挽救病人
spend the time 度过时光 teach oneself 自学=teach oneself
help mother cook 帮助妈妈煮东西 on the phone/Internet 在电话中/在互联网上
enjoy oneself 过得愉快=have a good time
tell sb. a story / stories 给某人讲故事 take some Chinese medicine吃些中药
二、重点句型
We don’t have to be afraid of catching SARS. 我们没必要害怕患上非典。
Please tell my father to take care of himself. 请告诉我的父亲照顾好他自己。
Could you please ask her to call me back 请叫她给我回电话好吗？
He took an active part in the battle against SARS. 他积极参加抗击非典的战斗。
He cared for the patients day and night. 他日日夜夜照顾病人。
It’s my duty to save the patients. 挽救病人是我的职责。
What do you think of Kangkang’s father 你认为康康的父亲怎么样？
Long time no see! 好久不见！
You could cook for us next time. 下次你能为我们煮东西了。
三、重点语言点
1.talk with sb. 表 “与……交流” , 指 “与人平等地交流、讨论”
talk to sb. 表示 “找某人谈话” , 在口语中常 “责备某人”
如: Jim’s father is talking with the teacher. 吉姆的父亲正在和老师交谈.
I will talk to him about his careless. 我要找他谈话,批评他的粗心大意.
常用的反身代词词组:
2.take care of oneself = look after oneself 照顾某人自己
teach oneself = learn by oneself 自学
enjoy oneself = have a good time 玩得高兴
help sb (to) do sth = help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事
如: I helped my mother cook at home.
= I helped my mother with the cook at home. 我在家帮我母亲做饭.
四、重点语法
(一) 情态动词: must 与 have to
① must ＂必须;一定”, 表示有做某一动作的必要或义务,侧重表达说话者的主观看法.（只有一种时态）如：We must wash hands before meals. 饭前我们必须洗手.
We must eat healthy food. 我们必须吃健康的食物.
② have to “不得不,必须”, 侧重表示因客观条件或客观环境的迫使而＂不得不做某事＂．（可用于各种时态） 如：It’s too late. I have to go now. 太迟了.现在我得走了.
I had to borrow some money at that time. 那时我不得不借了一些钱.
*----Must we keep the windows open all the time
----No, we don’t have to. / No, we needn’t. (注意回答时不能用No, we mustn’t.)
(二)电话用语:
Hello! Could /May I speak to…, please 你好! 我能跟……通话吗
May I take a message 我能捎个口信吗 This is Kangkang. 我是康康.
Hello! Who’s that 你好! 你是谁
Review of Units 1---2
break the window 打破窗户（玻璃） get lost 丢失；迷路
on one’s way (to) 在….的路上 take the wrong bus 搭错车
one of the most popular sports 最受欢迎的运动之一a group of people 一群人
form an international organization 成立一个国际组织
put sth in low places 把某物放在低处 eat sth by mistake 误吃
put…away 把…收起来 ask for three days'leave 请三天的假
附：音节小议
英语的音素分为元音和辅音两大类，由一个元音或一个元音加一个或几个辅音结合构成的语音单位叫做音节。例如：
由一个元音构成的音节：I /aI/“我”、oh / u/“哦”、a/eI， /“一个”、ear/I /“耳朵”等；
由一个元音加一个辅音构成的音节： bee/bi:/“蜜蜂”、ill /il/“生病”、my/mai/“我的”see /si:/“看见”等；
由一个元音加几个辅音构成的音节：bed /bed/“床”、bag/b g/“袋子”、clock /kl k/等。
英语的词有一个音节的，也有两个音节或三个音节以上的。顾名思义，一个音节叫做单音节，两个音节叫做双音节，三个或三个以上的音节叫做多音节。例如good /gud/只有一个音节，所以叫做单音节词；morning/`m :nI /分别有/m :n/和/I /两个音节，所以叫做双音节词；而afternoon /`a:ft `nu:n/有/a:f/、/t /、/nu:n/三个音节，所以，叫做多音节词。
在英语中，双音节或多音节的单词，每一个词都有一个读得特别响亮的音节，叫做重读音节，重读音节以重读符号“`”来表示。例如在evening /`i:vni /一词中，/i:/是重读音节。一般来说，只有一个音节的单词往往重读，但通常不标重读符号；双音节词和多音节词至少有一个音节重读，并在重读的音节左上方标出重读符号。
音节分为开音节和闭音节。以元音字母a 或 e, i, o, u结尾的音节叫做开音节，如nice, hi, hello, fine等都是以开音节结尾的单词；以辅音字母结尾的音节叫做闭音节，如meet, bed, what, wall, mom等都是以闭音节结尾的单词。
1.记单词的最好办法是什么？ 把一个单词造出多个句子，训练把这多个句子在场景下脱口说出。句子记住了，单词也当然得到了充分理解和长期记忆。
2.学习英语忌过分讲究速度和效率，不愿花时间经常重复（复习）已学过的内容。语言运用是一种技能，技能则只有靠熟能生巧，要不断重复才会熟练，只有熟练了才会形成一种不假思索的技能。
3.语言是有声的，我们对语言的感受首先是语言的声音作用于我们的大脑。如果不练习听力，只是默默地阅读和背单词，其结果不仅听不懂别人讲外语，而且阅读水平也难以提高。
4.语言的实践性很强，如果只学而不用，就永远也学不好。我们学语言的目的就是为了应用，要学会在用中学习，这样才能提高兴趣，达到好的学习效果。
初中仁爱英语八年级上册形容词比较级专项练习题
1、 变化规则；
1、 规则变化：（1）单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾加er或est：bright _____ ______; 以不发音的e字母结尾的加r,或st：large; 以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为I加er或est:easy； 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词双写最后一个辅音字母再加er或est: big 以er，ow结尾的双音节词加er 或est:clever slow
（2）多音节词前加more或most, 副词最高级前省略the.
(3) 部分形容词本身表示最高级，因此他们没有比较级和最高级形式：
favourite round
2、 不规则变化： good, well; bad, badly, ill; much, many; little; far; old;
注：只有少数形容词和副词有两种比较级和最高级形式：clever old far
二、 形容词各等级的用法：
1、 原级（同级）比较：as…as…; not as(so)…as…
We’ll give you as much help as we can.
She isn’t as(so)active in sports as before.
2. 比较级：表示两者之间比…… 更……可用状语much, a little, even等修饰：
He made fewer mistakes than I did.
He is even richer than I.
3、 高级：形容词最高级前必须加the, 副词最高级前常省略the，
后面多用of……， in……短语表示范围：
It was the most/least interesting story I have ever listened.
He is the tallest of the three.
4、 如果在两者之间表示“最……”时要在比较级前加the，而且还用of the two, of the pair短语：
John is the clever of the two boys.
Of the two boys, John is the clever.
三、 重点与难点：
1、 as…as…结构：你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。
You’re a boy as good as Tom.=You’re as good a boy as Tom.
2、 (1)too…to与 so…that sb.can’t…的句型转换：前者为简单句，主语只有一个，而后者为复合句，主语有两个，试比较：
The man was too angry to be able to speak.
The man was so angry that he wasn’t able to speak.
The milk was too hot to drink.
The milk was so hot that we can’t drink it.
(2) too…to…与 not enough to
句型的转换：
He is too young to get married.=He is not old enough to get married.
The book is too difficult for me to read.=
The book is not easy enough for me to read.
3、 形容词原级表示比较级含义：
约翰不象迈克那么苯。John is not so stupid as Mike.
John is less stupid than Mike.
John is cleverer than Mike.
4、 用比较级表示最高级：约翰是班里最高的男生。
John is taller than any other boy in the class.
John is the tallest boy in the class.
John is taller than :any other boy.
any of the other boy.
all the other boy.
any of the others.
any one else.
5、 the more….. the more….表示“越……越……”:
The more books you read, the wider your knowledge is.
The more food you eat, the fatter you are.
6、 more and more….表示“越来……越……”:
More and more students realized the importance of a foreign language.
Our country is getting stronger and stronger.
四、 巩固练习：
（一） 写出下列形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式：
long_____ ______ wide ______ _______ fat ____ _____
heavy____ ______ slow ______ _______ few____ _____
brightly______ -_____ bably _____ _______ far____ _____
quickly _____ ______ happy_____ -______ unhappy________
(二)用所给词的正确形式填空：
1. Of the two girls, I find Lucy the _______ (clever).
2. Gold(黄金) is ______ (little) useful than iron(铁).
3. My sister is two years _______ (old ) than I.
4. John’s parents have four daughters, and she is the _____ (young) child.
5. The _____ (cheap) bags are the not usually the best ones.
6. The short one is by far _______ expensive of the five.
7. The boy is not so ______ (interesting) as his brother.
8. Dick sings _____ (well), she sings ______(well) than John, but Mary sings______(well) in her class.
9. She will be much ______ (happy) in her mew house.
10. This dress is ______ that.(twice, as…as…, expensive)
(三)选择填空：
1． He feels _____ today than yesterday.
A. tired B. more tired C. more tireder D. much tired
2. Which do you like _____, coffee, tea or milk
A. the worst B. worse C. the worse D. worst
3. Of the two toys, the child chose_____.
A. the expensive one B. one most expensive
C. a least expensive D. the most expensive of them
4. The line is ____ than that one.
A. more longer B.not longer C. much more longer D. many more longer
5. The earth is _____ the moon. A. as 49 times big as
B. 49 times as bigger as C. 49 times as big as
D.as big as 49 times
6. The book is ____ of the two.
A. thinner B. the thinner C. more thinner D. the thinnest
7. She looks _____ than she does.
A. the more older B. very older C. much older D. more older
8. The garden is becoming ______.
A. more beautiful and more B. more beautiful and beautiful
C. more and more beautiful D. more beautiful and beautifuler
9. They competed（比赛） to see who could work _____.
A. the fastest and best B. the faster and the better
C. fastest and better D. faster and better
10.______ hurry, _______speed.
A. More, less B. Much, little C. The more, the less D.The much, the little11. This kind of coffee is different ______.
A. and it is also better B. and better than the other
C. but also than others D. from the other, and better
(四)翻译句子：
1． 本书跟那本书一样有趣。This book is _____ _____ _____ that one.
2． 你游泳没有你弟弟好。You can’t swim _____ _____ _____ your brother.
3． 今天比昨天冷的多。It is _____ ______ today______ it was yesterday.
4对这个故事我比另一个喜欢的多。This story is ____ _____ ____ than that one.
5． 他比我大两岁。He is _____ ______ ______ than I.
6． 这个故事不如那个有趣。This story is _____ _____ _____ than that one.
7． 她的身体状况一天天好起来。He is getting _____ ______ ______ every day.
8.他对英语越来越感兴趣。He is becoming ______ _____ _______ _____ ______ English.
9.他吃的越多，人越胖。The more he eats, the _______ he gets.
10.你的问题是两个中比较难的那个。Your question is ______ _____ _____ of two
形容词，副词比较级，最高级练习
形容词，副词比较级，最高级练习
I。 用适当形式填空： 1. Bob is _________ ( young ) than Fred but ___________ (tall) than Fred.
2. Yingtian is not as ___________ (tall) as Yongxian.
3. Almost all.the students' faces are the same but Li Deming looks _______ (fat) than before the holidays,
4.Which is _________ (heavy),a hen or a chicken
5.-- How _________ (tall) is Sally -- She' s 1.55 metres ________ (tall). What abodt Xiaoling -- She' s only 1.40 metres ________ (tall). She is much _______ (short) than Sally. She is also the _(short) girl in the class.6. He is ______ (bad) at learning maths. He is much _______ (bad) at Chinese and he is the _________ (bad) at English.
7. Annie says Sally is the ________ (kind) person in the world.
8.He is one of the_________(friendly) people in the class, I think.
9. A dictionary is much _________ (expensive) than a story-book.
10. An orange ia a little ______ (big) than an apple, but much ________
(small) than a watermelon.
11. The Changjiang River is the _______ (long) river in China.
12. Sue is a little ________ (beautiful) than her sister.
13.My room is not as _________ (big) as my brother' s.
14.--How difficult is physics --I' m not sure.
-- Is it ________ (difficult) than maths -- I don' t think so.
15.-- Annie plays the piano very ___________ (well).
Sue plays it _____ (well) than Annie. And Sally plays it the ___ (well).
16. Saturday is my _______ (busy) day in a week.
17. Her mother is getting ____________(fat) and _______ (fat).
18. I think it' s too expensive. I' d like a _____________ (cheap) one.
19. He comes to school much ____________ (early) than I.
20.This book is not as _____________ (interesting) as that one.
21. Your classroom is __________(wide) and ___________(bright) than ours. 22. Practise as __________ (much) as you can.
23. The ________ (much), the ____________ (good).
24. Nowadays English is _____( important ) than any other subject, 1 think25. Most of the students think a lion is much ________(dangerous) than a bear and it is the __________ (dangerous) animal in the world.
II。改错：
1. He is as taller as I am.
2. She is a little thiner than she looks.
3. Bob is heavier than any other boys in the class.
4.The girls study the better than the boy.
5. It is one of the most interesting book than I have ever read.
6. He says Mary is most friendliest person in the class.
7. Which city is most beautiful, Beijing or Guangzhou
8. Jack works hard. Mike works very harder than Jack.
9. London is the bigger city in Britain.
10.Bob plays football badly but Fred plays football much badlier than Bob. III。完成句子：
1 她看起来不如玛丽年轻。 She doesn't look _________ ________ _________ Mary.
2.杰克的父亲比母亲大一岁。
Jack's father is ___ ______ _____ than her mother.
3.我们的教室比他们的明亮得多。
Our classroom is ___________ ___________ than theirs.
4。当心！这条路越来越危险。
Look out! The mad is becoming ________ and________ ________.
5.你喜欢哪种动物，猫还是狗？
Which animal do you like __________ , a cat or a dog
参考答案：
I. 1. younger, taller 2. tall 3. fatter 4. heavier 5. tall, tall, tall, shorter, shortest 6. bad, worse, worst 7. kindest 8. friendlier 9. more expensive 10. bigger, smaller 11. longer 12. more beautiful 13. big 14. more difficult 15. well, better, best 16. busiest 17. fatter, fatter
18. cheaper 19. earlier 20. interesting 21. wider, brighter 22. much 23. more, better 24. more important 25. more dangerous, most dangerous II. better 5.à boy 4. the better à thinner 3. boys -à tall 2. thiner à1. taller - muchà more 8. very à the friendliest 7. most à books 6. most friendliest àbook worse III. 1. so/ as young as 2. one yearà biggest 10. badlier à9. bigger - older 3. much brighter 4. more, more dangerous 5. better
八年级英语上册各单元重要短语
Unit 1
1. how often 多久一次 2. on weekends 在周末 3. go to the movies去看电影
5. watch TV看电视 6. do some reading 阅读 7. take/do exercise锻炼 9. hardly ever很少，难得 10. sometimes 有时 11. always 总是 12. usually通常
13. often经常 14. never从不 15. once a week每周一次 16. twice a month每月两次
17. three times a year 每年三次 18. surf the Internet上网 19. your favorite program你最喜欢的节目
20. Animal World 动物世界 21. play soccer踢足球 22. do homework做作业 23. every day 每天
24. once or twice a week 每周一两次 25. three or four times a week 每周三四次 27. all students 所有的学生
26. at Green High School 在格林高中 28. most students 大多数学生 29. some students 一些学生
30. no students 没有学生 31. the result of a survey 调查结果 32. as for 至于
33. the result for “watch TV”“看电视”的调查结果 34. improve your English 提高你的英语
35. junk food 垃圾食品 36. drink milk 喝牛奶 37. want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事
38. be good/bad for 对……有益/害 39. how many hours 多少小时 40. pretty healthy 相当健康
41. come home from school放学回家 42. eating habits 饮食习惯 43. try to do sth 努力估某事
44. of course 当然 45. sleep nine hours every night. 每晚睡九小时觉 46. look after照顾，照看
47. get good grades 取得好成绩 48. have a healthy lifestyle 有一种健康的生活方式 49. study better 学得更好
50. the same as 和……相同 51. be different from 和……不同 52. kind of 有点，稍微
53. maybe 可能，或许 54. although 虽然，即使，尽管 55. keep in good health保持良好的健康
56. eat less meat少吃肉 4. go skateboarding去滑板 8. go shopping去购物
Unit 2
1. What’s the matter with… ……怎么啦？ 2. have a cold 感冒 3. have a stomachache 胃疼
4. have a sore back背疼 5. have a sore throat喉咙疼 6. have a fever发烧
7. lie down and rest躺下休息 8. hot tea with honey 加蜜的热茶 9. see a dentist 看牙医
10. drink lots of water多喝水 11. lots of 许多 12. have a toothache牙疼
13. That’s a good idea好主意 14. go to bed 去睡觉 16. start doing/ to do sth开始做某事
15. feel well感到好 feel ill 感到不舒服 17. two days ago两天前 18. get some rest 得到休息
19. I think so我认为是这样 20. hope to do sth希望做某事 21. give sb some advise给某人建议
22. be stressed out紧张 23. listen to music听音乐 28. for example例如
24. have a drink喝点东西 25. traditional Chinese doctors传统中医 26. need to do sth 需要做某事
27. a balance of yin and yang阴阳平衡 29. too much太多 30. Eat herbs 吃草药
31. people who………人 32. be angry with sb生某人的气 be angry at/ about sth 就某事生气
33. believe in sb信任某人 34. Chinese medicine 中药 35. in western countries在西方国家
36. It’s easy to do sth做某事是容易的 。 37. balance diet平衡饮食 38. get tired 感到疲倦
39. go out at night在晚上出去 40. stay healthy 保持健康 41. at the moment此时，此刻
42. not…until直到……才 43. conversation practice会话练习 44. host family 寄宿家庭
45. have a lot of headaches经常疼痛 46. I’m sorry to hear that听到那事我感到抱歉
Unit 3
1. go camping去野营 go to sports camp 参加运动野营 2. vacation plan 假期计划
3. relax at home在家休息 4. next week 下周 6. how about……怎么样？
5. go hiking去远足 go hiking in the mountains去山里远足 7. visit friends in Hong Kong拜访在香港的朋友
8. how long 多久，多长 9. go away离开 go away for too long离开很久
10. have a good time过得愉快 11. send sb sth送某人某物 =send sth to sb
12. show sb sth=show sth to sb 向某人出示某物 13. get back to school 回到学校
14. go bike hiking骑车观光 15. go sightseeing去观光 16. take walks 散步
17. go fishing去钓鱼 18. rent videos租录像 19. plan to do sth计划做某事
20. take a vacation度假 take a long vacation 度长假 21. be famous for/as因/作为……而出名
22. think about考虑，思考 23. decide on决定选定 decide to do sth 决定做某事 decide on doing sth 决定做某事
24. this time这次 25. something different一些不同的东西 26. plan to do sth 计划做某事
27. have a relaxing vacation过一个轻松的假期 28. spend time度过时光
29. in the countryside在乡村 30. forget to do sth忘记要干某事 forget doing sth忘记做了某事 31. all my problems 我所有的问题 32. at night在晚上 33. sleep a lot睡大觉
34. can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事 35. finish doing sth做完做事 36. make movies 拍摄电影
37. ask sb about sth问某人有关…… 38. a good place to do sth一个做某事的好地方
39. leave for… 动身去某地 leave…for…离开某地去某地 38. The Great Wall 长城
Unit 4
1. get to 到达 2. how about ……怎么样？ 3. ride a bike 骑自行车 4. take the bus 乘公共汽车
5. take the train乘火车 6. take the subway乘地铁 7. take the plane乘飞机
8. take the boat坐小船 9. take a taxi乘出租车 10. on foot 步行
11. ride to 骑车去 12. fly to 乘飞机去 13. drive to开车去
14. walk to 步行去 15. on/in a/the + 交通工具 16. by +交通工具
17. It takes sb some times to do sth花某人多少时间做某事 18. how far多远
19. A is + 距离+ from B A地离B地有多远 20. get up起床 21. take a shower淋浴
22. have a quick breakfast快速地吃了早餐 23. leave for动身去某地 24. at around six-thirty在大约六点半
25. bus station 公共汽车站 26. bus stop公共汽车站 27. early bus早班车
28. take…to… 把……带到…… 29. the bus ride乘车旅行 30. five minutes’ walk步行五分钟的路程
31. train station火车站 32. subway station地铁站
33. what do you think of 你认为……怎么样？ =How do you like
34. first, then, next, finally首先，然后，接下来，最后 35. around the world 全世界
36. North America 北美 37. on the school bus乘校车 38. In other parts of the world 在世界的其它地方
39. depend on 依……而定，决定于 40. in places where………地方 41. by boat坐小船
42. a lot more fun 更多的乐趣 43. not all students并非所有的学生 44. be different from与……不同
45. the most popular最受欢迎的 46. the ways doing thing做某事的方法/式
47. means of transportation 交通方式 48. a number of…许多，若干 a small number of 少数
49. be ill 生病 be ill in hospital生病住院 50. Don’t worry. 别担心 51. have a problem有问题
Unit 5
1. Can you… 你能做……吗？ 2. on Saturday afternoon在星期六下午
3. Sure./ Certainly/ of course当然 4. I’d love to 我愿意 5. have to 不得不 6.study for a test为考试 7. go to the doctor去看医生 8. have a piano lesson上钢琴课
9. play soccer踢足球 10. go to the movies 去看电影 11. too much homework太多作业
12. That’s too bad.太遗憾了 13. Thanks for asking.感谢你的邀请 14. baseball game棒球赛
15. go to the concert去音乐会 16. have a birthday party开生日晚会 17. go to the mall 去购物中心
18. invite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事 19. the day after tomorrow后天 the day before yesterday前天
20. What’s today 今天什么日子？ 21. be busy 忙于 be busy doing sth忙于做某事 be busy with sth忙于某事
22. have tennis training 进行网球训练 23. write soon尽快回信 24. be on vacation在度假
25. call sb 打电话给某人 26. be going to +V.将要做某事 27. on weekdays在工作日
28. keep quiet保持安静 29. try to do 努力做某事 30. culture club文化俱乐部
31. the whole day整天 32. come over to顺便来访 33. be free有空
34. discuss the science report讨论科学报告 35. why not 为什么不呢？
Unit6 Fun Cycling
Topic1 We’re going on a spring field trip
一. 重点词汇
( 一 ) 词形转换:
1.discuss(名词) discussion 2.queen(对应词) king
3.comfortable(名词) comfort 4.safely (形容词) safe (名词) safety
( 二 ) 词的辨析
1. find out / look for / find 2. cost / pay for / spend on
3. other /else 4. raise /rise
5.each /every 6.exciting / excited
(三)重点词组:
1.go on a visit to 去……旅行 2. make the decision 做决定 3.bring back 带回
4.go on a field trip 去野外旅行 5.decide on (upon) sth 对某事做出决定
6 see the sunrise 看日出 7. make a reservation 预订 8. come up with 想出（主意）
9. look forward to (doing) sth 期望 10. pay for 支付；赔偿 11. raise money 筹钱
12. book a ticket 订票 13. make a room for sb 为……订房间
14. have a wonderful time 玩得愉快 15. in the daytime 在白天
16. a two-day visit 为期两天的旅行 17.find out 查出
18. some places of interest 名胜 19. rooms with bathtub 带浴室的房间
20．a hard (soft) sleeper 硬（软）卧 21.my pleasure 不客气
二．重点句型及重点语言点
1. I have some exciting news to tell you. 我有一些激动人心的消息要告诉你们。
to tell you 是动词不定式短语， 作定语。动词不定式作定语时常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。如： I have nothing to talk about. He has a lot of work to do.
2. Sounds great!= It sounds great! 听起来不错。
3. We will go on a two-day visit to Mount Tai. 我们将要去泰山玩两天。
go on a visit to 去参观/旅游 They went to a visit to Egypt last year.
类似有：go on a trip / go on a picnic
a two-day visit 为期两天的旅行 a two-month holiday 两个月的假期
an eighteen-year-old boy 一个18岁的男孩
4．It’s hard to say. 这很难说。To say 是动词不定式作主语，It 是形式主语。
如： It’s nice to meet you.
5. I’ll ask the airline on the phone. 我将打电话问问航空公司。同义句是：
I’ll phone and ask the airline.
6. Bring back your information to class tomorrow and we’ll decide on the best way to go on our field trip. 明天把你们查到的信息带到班上来，然后我们来决定最好的郊游方式。
bring back 带回。Please bring back your library books tomorrow.
decide on/upon sth 决定，选定 We’re trying to decide on a school.
7.It’s too far for cycling. 骑自行车去路太远了。同义句是：It’ too far to cycle there.
8.How long does it take to reach Mount Tai by…？乘……去泰山要花多长时间？
9．How much does it cost to go there 去那里要花多少钱？
How much does a standard room cost 一个标准间的价格是多少？
10.We have tickets at 120 yuan for the hard sleeper and 180 yuan for the soft sleeper.
我们的票价是硬卧120元，软卧是180元。
at 意为“以……”，一般用于表示价格，年龄，速度等词的前面，for 意为“供，适合于”。I’ve got tickets at 80 yuan for The Sound of Music.
11.I’d like to book 20 tickets for the hard sleeper. 我要预订20张硬卧票。
20 tickets for the hard sleeper= 20 hard sleeper tickets
book tickets 预订票 book a room for sb/sth 为……预订房间
e.g. We want to book some rooms for 14th. 我们想预订一些14号的房间。
12．Please pay for the tickets before 5:30 p.m. 请在下午5：30之前付款。
Pay for 支付 pay for sb to do sth 付钱给某人做某事
e.g. Her parents paid for her to go to America.她的父母支付她去美国的费用.
13. I want to make a hotel reservation. 我想预订房间。
make a reservation 预订
14. We have rooms with a bathtub… 我们有带浴缸……的房间。
with 有或带着 a house with a swimming pool
a standard room with two single beds
15.It’s very common to raise money in Canadian and American schools. 在加拿大和美国的学校里筹钱是很正常的。raise money 筹钱 We can raise the money ourselves.
16.It costs each student one dollar to buy a ticket for the draw.每一个学生花一美元便可买到一张抽奖的票。
(1)each 作主语，谓语用单数 Each of the students spends one dollar buying a ticket.. （2）用于单数名词前，作定语，谓语用单数。Each student has their own e-mail address.
(3)用于复数主语后，作主语同位语，谓语用复数。They each have their own e-mail address.
17. I am looking forward to hearing from you . 我盼望收到你的来信。
Look forward to 盼望，期待 They are looking forward to solving the problem.
三.重点语法
动词不定式
（1） 动词不定式常跟这些及物动词之后，want ,refuse, forget, need , try, learn , like, agree, help, hope ,decide, begin等。可用顺口溜（要想拒绝忘记，需要努力学习，喜欢同意帮助，希望决定开始）
（2） 不定式的否定形式是在to的前面直接加not. My mother decided not to buy a computer for me.
（3） 不定式可以和疑问词who , which ,when, where ,how, what等连用。 Can you tell me what to say at the meeting I don’t know how to get to the station.
（4） 本topic出现的句子有：
I have some exciting news to tell you.
I want to make a hotel reservation.
It is very common to raise money in Canadian and American schools.
The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers.
I think the most exciting way is to sell flowers in the evening.
Kangkang helped us to book the train tickets.
Topic2 How about exploring the Ming Tombs
一、重点词汇：
（一）词形转换：
1.explore(名词) explore 2. east (形容词) eastern
3.north(形容词) northern 4. push (反义词) pull
5.sadly(形容词) sad (名词) sadness 6. crowd (形容词) crowded
（二）重点词组:
1.make a plan 拟定计划 2. make sure 确信，确保 3. come along with 和……一起来
4. at the foot of 在……的脚下 5. be surprised at 对……感到惊奇
6. be satisfied with 对……感到满意 7. out of sight 看不见
8. step on one’s toes 踩着某人的脚 9. can’t help doing sth 忍不住做某事
10. spread over 分布于 11.rush out 冲出去 12.raise one’s head 抬头
13.ask sb for help 向某人求助 14.thank goodness 谢天谢地
二． 重点句型及重点语言点
1. While you wereenjoying your trip, I was busy preparing for my exams.当你在旅行时， 我正忙于准备考试。
(1)be busy doing sth,/ be busy with sth 忙于做某事
I’m busy preparing for my birthday party these days.
(2)while 当……时候，引导时间状语从句。当一个动作在正在进行时，另一个动作也同时进行。While my mother was cooking , I was watching TV.
2.Would you help me plan a trip 请你帮我定个旅行计划好吗？
Would you 比will you 语气更加客气，委婉, 类似还有could you
Could you come along with us
3. They surveyed the area to make sure their tombs faced south and had mountains at the back. 他们仔细勘测了整个区域，确保这些陵墓是坐北朝南，而且在背后有群山环绕。
make sure 确信，确保 Make sure all the windows are closed before you leave.
4.It’s about two and a half hours by bike. 骑自行车大约要2个半小时。
Two and a half hours = two hours and a half
5.It’s to the east of Yongling. 它在永陵的东面。
to the +方位词+of (表示互不接壤) Japan is to the east of China.
on the +方位词+of (表示相互接壤)Fujian is on the south of Zhejang .
in the +方位词+of 表示在某一范围内的地区 Beijing is in the north of China.
6.They walked into Dingling and were surprised at the wonders. 他们走进定陵，对那里的奇观感到很惊奇。
be surprised at 对……感到很惊奇 He is surprised at dragons.
be surprised to do sth 惊奇地做某事 She was surprised to find she was lost.
7.…so they had to look for space to park their bikes 他们不得不寻找停自行车的地方
space 空间 Can you make space for this old man
8. While the crowd was pushing him in different directions, someone stepped on his toes.
当人群从四面八方挤来时，有人踩了他的脚。
in one’s direction 朝着某人的方向 step on one’s toes踩了某人的脚
step on sth 踩某物 Don’t step on the flowers and grass.
9.When he finally rushed out of the crowd, he noticed his friends were both out of sight.
当他最后冲出人群时，他注意到他的两个朋友都不见了。
notice sb do sth 注意某人做了某事 notice sb doing sth注意某人正在做某事
10. As soon as the three boys saw each other, they all jumped up happily.
三个男孩一见面，就高兴得跳了起来。
as soon as 引导时间状语从句 意为“一……就”
He left as soon as he heard the news.
I’ll tell him as soon as I see him.
11.He didn’t raise his head until someone called his name. 直到有人喊他的名字，他才抬起头。 not …until 直到……才
12.They were so lovely that we couldn’t help playing with them.
它们太可爱了，我们禁不住和它们一起玩。
can’t help doing sth 忍不住做某事 When I heard the funny news, I couldn’t help laughing.
13. I am satisfied with everything in China. 我对在中国的一切感到满意。]
be satisfied with 对……感到满意 He is satisfied with my work.
14.. We even asked the guard for help. 我们甚至向保安寻求帮助。
ask sb for help 向某人求助 The lost boy asked the police for help.
三.重点语法 时间状语从句
1。引导词：
（1） when, while , as 当……时候. when 后可跟短暂性动词也可跟延续性动词；while 后跟延续性动词；as 多用于口语，强调同一时间，或一前一后。
The students were talking in the classroom when the teacher came in.
= While the students were talking in the classroom , the teacher came in. 学生在教室里谈话时，老师进来了。
Mother always sings as she cooks dinner for us. 妈妈总是边给我们做饭边唱歌。
（2）not … until 直到……才，主句谓语动词常用短暂性动词。
I won’t leave here until the rain stops.
He didn’t sleep until his mother came back home.
(3) after 在……之后，before 在……之前，as soon as 一……就
I went to sleep after I finished my homework..= I finished my homework before I went to sleep.
As soon as the bell rings , the students will go into the classroom.
2. 时态
（1）当主句为一般过去时时，从句常用过去的某种时态。
While I was doing my homework , the telephone rang.
(2)当主句的时态为一般将来时， 从句用一般现在时。
I will call you as soon as I get to Beijing.
本topic出现的句子有：
1.While you were enjoying your trip, I was busy preparing for my exams.
2.He didn’t raise his head until someone called his name.
3.While the crowd was pushing him in different directions, someone stepped on his toes.
.4. As soon as the three boys saw each other, they all jumped up happily.
5.After they rode their bikes for two and a half hours, Kangkanf , Michael and Darren arrived at the Ming Tombs.
6.As they were exploring happily, the crowd became larger and larger.
Topic3 Bicycles are popular with people
一、重点词汇：
（一）词形转换：
1. death (动词) die (形容词 )dead 2 slow (副词) slowly
3.crossing（动词）cross 介词） across 4. success（动词）succeed (形容词successful
5．Pain (形容词) painful 6. lead (名词) leader
7.final (副词) finally 8. impossible (反义词) possible
9 courage （动词） encourage
（二）重点词组:
1．Slow down 减速 2. run into 撞到 3. avoid doing sth 避免 防止做某事
4. warn sb to do sth 警告/提醒某人做某事 5. ride into 进入 跻身于
6 get used to (doing) 习惯于做某事 7. a sharp turn 急转弯
8. be popular with 受……的欢迎 9. get a fine 处以罚金
10. go on doing sth 继续做某事 11. the way to success 成功之路
12. obey the traffic rules 遵守交通规则 13.break the traffic rules 违反交通规则
14. be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事 15.be famous for 因……闻名
16. be in danger 处于危险中 17.after a while 一会儿
二． 重点句型及重点语言点
1．I think traffic in Beijing is crazy. 我认为北京的交通很拥堵。 traffic 是不可数名词
2. If people obey the traffic rules , there will be fewer accidents. 如果人们都遵守交通规则，交通事故将会减少。
If we break the traffic rules, it will be dangerous and we will get a fine.如果人们违反交通规则，将很危险，我们会受到处罚的。
这是if 引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。
3．I feel a little more confident. 我感到自信多了。
more confident 是比较级
4. It can help us save energy and avoid pollution. 这样可以节约能源以及避免空气污染。 avoid sth / doing sth 避免做某事
You should avoid making the mistake like that.
He ran into the wall to avoid hitting the truck.
5.Bicycles are popular with people. 自行车深受人们欢迎。
Be popular with 受……欢迎
6 It warns us to be more careful. Warn sb (not)to do sth 警告/提醒某人做某事
He warned her to keep silence. Warn sb about sth 提醒某人某事
7.Most people think bicycles are much safer than any other vehicle.
大部分人认为自行车比其他交通工具要安全些。
8．.However, his way to success didn’t go well. 然而，他的成功之路并非一帆风顺。
The way to success 成功之路 success in doing sth 在……成功
I didn’t have much success in finding a job. 我找工作没什么结果。
9．Like the other challenges in his life, Lance faced it head-on.
像面对生命中其他挑战一样，兰斯迎头面对。
10．It seems impossible to beat him. 打败他似乎是不可能的。
beat sb 打败某人 win a game /match/ a gold medal
It seems +adj+to do sth 做某事似乎…… She always seems to be sad.
三.重点语法 条件状语从句
1.条件状语从句由if（如果），unless(除非)等 引导的，谓语动词常用一般现在时表示将来，主句用一般将来时。
主句 if从句
Will (must, should, may) 一般现在时
如：I won’t go if he doesn’t go .
We will pass the exam if we study hard.
We won’t pass the exam unless we study hard..
2. 祈使句+and/or 引导的结果句，祈使句在意义上相当于条件状语从句。
如：Hurry up, or you’ll be late.= If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.=You’ll be late unless you hurry up.
Study hard, and you will pass the exam.= If you study hard, you will pass the exam.