定语从句讲解及练习
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定语从句讲解和练习
一、概念: He is the boy (who often goes to school late).
先行词 关系词 定语从句
二、原则： a.定语从句必须紧紧地跟在先行词后面，限制修饰先行词。
b.定语从句必须用关系词来引导。
c.关系词在定语从句中作一个句子成分.
三、扩大. She is the old woman whom I saw this morning.
Mary is the girl whose parents work in Japan.
Is this the key which you are looking for
October 1, 1949 is the day when New China was founded.
This is the house where the great man was born.
I don’t know the reason why she looks unhappy today.
定语从句练习
I. Combine the two sentences into one sentence with a relative clause:
1. The jewelry was guarded by a policeman. It was very expensive.
The jewelry that/which was very expensive was guarded by a policeman
2. I bought a brochure. It was by a famous artist.
3. A woman is waiting for the bus. She looks angry.
4. A woman is standing near the exit. She is a guard.
5. The coats were hung in the checkroom. They belonged to the tourists.
6. A man is using the calculator. He is our accountant.
7. A dietitian is cooking the meal. She works for the museum
8. The car was stolen from the square. It was found by the policeman.
II. Choice:
1. The woman ___________came yesterday is my mother.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
2. Is the American film _______you have seen interesting
A. who B. whom C. that D. when
3. Have you found the bike _______was lost
A. which B. whose C. when D. where
4. The boy ________is singing over there is liming.
A. whose B. that C. which D./
5. Do you know the man __________our teacher is talking to
A. which B./ C. when D. whose
6. The school ______Li Fang is talking about is the best one here.
A. whose B. that C. when D. where
7. She is the girl with __________I went to Shanghai.
A. who B. whom C. which D. that
8. Please show me the man __________sister is a doctor.
A. who B. whose C. whom D. that
9. Would you like to give me the book _________cover is green
A. who B. that C. which D. whose
10.Look at that lady _________name is Mary.
A. who B. whose C. whom D. that
11.Is there anything ______I can do to help
A. what B. which C. as D. that
12.Yang Li-wei _________parents are both teachers, is the first man who goes around the earth.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. who’s
Which that who 关系词的选用
一. 用适当的关系词填空：
1. This is the longest bridge ________I have ever seen.
3. Most Americans love Chinese food, ____ is cooked in a different way from western food.
4. He is the only person ______ saw the accident yesterday.
5. Tom is trying to read in the room _____ the others are watching TV.
6. The student _____ the teachers are talking about has won the first prize in the English contest.
7. The man _______ wife died last year has gone to Japan.
8. Everything ____ I know will be taught to the students.
9. This is the best film _____ I have ever seen.
10. The picture ____ has a house and flowers is the one I like best.
11. Don’t make the same mistake ______ you did last time.
12. He failed in the exam, ______ surprised us all .
13. He did all ______ was necessary to be done.
14. Her parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ____ family was poor.
15. Tom, _______ parents are poor workers, always goes hungry.
16. They talked of things and persons ___________ happened in the school.
17. This is the first composition ___________ he has ever written in English.
18.He is the very person _______the police are looking for.
二. 选择：
1. “Those ____ not only learn from books but also through practice will succeed.
A. learn B. who C. that D. who learn
2. Anyone ____ this opinion may speak out.
A. that againsts B. that against
B. who is against D. who are against
3. Mr. Herpin is one of the foreign experts who ____ in China.
A. works B. is working C. are working D. has been working
4. Can you lend me the novel ____ the other day
A. that you talked B. you talked about it
B. which you talked with D. you talked about
5. They talked for about an hour of things and persons ____ they remembered in the school.
A. which B. that C. who D. whom
6. Who ____ has common sense will do such a thing
A. which B. who C. whom D. that
7. All the apples ____ fell down were eaten by the pigs.
A. that B. those C. which D. what
8. This is the biggest laboratory ____ we have ever built in our school.
A. which B. what C. where D. /
9. Is Oxygen the only gas ____ helps fire burn
A. that B. / C. which D. it
10. Is there anything ____ to you
A. that is belonged B. that belongs
B. that belong D. which belongs
11. His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ____ family was poor.
A. that B. which C. who’s D. whose
12. Please pass me the dictionary ____ cover is black.
A. which B. which of C. its D. whose
13. He is the only one of the boys who ____ the piano well.
A. plays B. play C. playing D. are playing
介词+ 关系词” 及关系副词when, where, why
1). The box is full of bottles. He is standing on the box.
----> The box on which he is standing is full of bottles.
The box where he is standing is full of bottles.
3). I know the reason. She did it for the reason.
---->I know the reason for which she did it.
I know the reason why she did it.
4). The man is our school master. You shook hands with the man just
now.
----> The man with whom you shook hands is our schoolmaster.
5） The school has 2600 students. Two thirds of 2006 students are girls.
The school has 2600 students, two thirds of whom are girls.
不能拆开的词组： look for / look after / catch hold of /take care of / put on / take off…….
1. This is the train. We work on the train.
2. The pen is made in Shanghai. She is writing with the pen.
1. Do you like the book ___________ she spent $10
2. Do you like the book _____________________ she paid $10
3. Do you like the book_ __________________she learned a lot
4. Do you like the book ___________________ she often talks
二. 用“介词+关系代词”填空：
1. Have you ever read the book ____ ______ there are many pictures
2. The man _____ ________ he had a talk yesterday is a doctor.
3. The library _____ ________ we often borrow books is very large.
4. The gentleman _____ _________ you just spoke is our headmaster.
5. This is the new bicycle _____ ______ I spent five hundred dollars.
6. Here are the table tennis players, some __ _____ are our old friends.
7. The tool _____ _________ he is working is called a spade.
8. China has hundreds of islands, the largest _____ _______ is Taiwan.
10. Water is a liquid, the freezing point ______ _________ is 0’C.
11. Give me a piece of paper ___ _____ I can write the phone number.
12. The boy built a telescope _____ ______ he could study the skies.
对比练习
a. This is the factory _______ we visited last week. ( that/which )
b. This is the factory _______ we worked in 2003 (where)
c. This is the factory ________ we visited the manager yesterday. (where)
教师要帮助学生观察并找出上述三个句子的不同之处。
a) 学生会发现句a中，定语从句缺少的是宾语，that/which充当visited的宾语才使句子完整。
b) 句b中，定语从句中worked是不及物动词，后不接宾语，缺少的是地点状语。
c) 在句c中，visited是及物动词，后面跟有宾语the manager, 从句中缺少的还是地点状语。经过这样比较，看些复杂的语法也变得比较简单了。
(1).Mr White has two sons. ____are working in the college. (a)
(2).Mr White has two sons, _____ are working in the college. (c)
a. Both of them b. Both of whom
c. both of whom d. both of them
(3) This is our teaching building ,______ is a big tree .(a)
(4) This is our teaching building . ______ is a big tree .（ｄ）
ａ．in front of which b. in front of which c. In front of which d. In front of it
在句（２）和（３）中，中间用的都是逗号，表明后面都是非限制性定语从句。在句（１）和句（４）中，句号前后都是完整的句子。从以上几个例句可以看出，标点符号的使用非常关键。
1.①This is one of the most interesting films _____ shown last week.
②This is the very one of the most interesting films _____ shown last week.
A. which was B. that was C. which were D. that were
2.①He has two sons, _____ are college students.
②He has two sons, and _____ are college students.
A. both of which B. both of whom C. both of them D. both of it
3.①He still lives in the room _____ window faces to the east.
②He still lives in the room, the window _____ faces to the east.
③He still lives in the room _____ is in the north of the city.
④He still lives in the room _____ there is a beautiful table.
A. which B. whose C. where D. of which
4. ①_____ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
②_____ who leaves the room last ought to turn off thelights.
③_____ who leave the room last ought to turn off the lights.
A. AnyoneB. WhoC. ThoseD. Whoever
5.①_____ we all know, China is rich in natural resources.
②_____ is well-known that China is rich in natural resources.
③_____ is well-known, China is rich in natural resources.
A. Which B. As C. It D. That
6. ①I’ll never forget the days _____ we studied together.
②I’ll never forget the days _____ we spent together.
A. that B.不填C. when D. A and B
7.①This is the only way _____ you can find.
②I don’t like the way _____ he spoke to his mother.
A. thatB.不填C. in whichD. A, B and CE. A and B
8.①Galileo collected the facts _____ proved the earth and all the other planets move around the sun.
②Galileo discovered the fact _____ the earth and all the other planets move around the sun.
A. that B. which C.不填D. A and B
9. ①Is this the village ______ you visited together with your family two years ago
②Is this the village ______ you worked together with the villagers two years ago
③ Is this village ______ you visited together with your family two years ago
A. the one B. what C. where D. that
10. Is this the school＿you visited the other day
Is this school＿you visited the other day
A. that B. where C . in which D the one
六、非限制性定语从句只对先行词起补充，说明的作用，常用逗号分开。关系代词用who(m), which，关系副词用where ,when. 非限制性定语从句不能用that来引导.
This was the American Civil War, which lasted 4 years before the North won in the end.
He was taken to another room, where he found a wounded boy, who was dying.
七、as 作为关系代词， 习惯上用于下列词组：
the same....as such ...as as ... as， so…as
1. Take as many books as you want.
2. Here is so big a stone as no man can lift.
3. He read such books as will make him wiser.
4. The town is about the same distance from Nanjing as Yangzhou is.
As 用于非限制性定语从句，常见以下句型：
as you know, as we have seen, as is known to all, as anybody can see, as was expected, as we can imagine, as has been pointed out
as与which的用法区别：as与 which在非限制性定语从句中，都可指代整个主句，但as引导的从句可放在主句的句首, 句中或句尾， 而 which引导的从句只可放在主句的句尾
As we have seen, oceans cover more than 70 percent of the earth.
Oceans cover more than 70 percent of the earth, as we have seen.
She was awarded a gold medal, which the whole family considered a great honour.
综合训练
三. 选择填空：
1. The village ____ I once worked has changed a lot.
A. which B. where C. that D. /
2. China is a developing country, _____ we all know.
A. whom B. as C. that D. which
3. He told me of the people and interesting things ____ he had seen in
America.
A. which B. whom C. what D. /
4. Was it at a theater __ they met
A. where B. that C. which D. in which
5. The knife ____ he cut the bread is very sharp.
A. with which B. with it C. with that D. which
6. He is one of the foreign experts who ____ Chinese.
A. knows B. know C. is known D. are known
7. In the old house, Tom washed the ten windows, most of ___ hadn’t
been cleaned for years.
A. these B. those C. that D. which
8. Alice is the only one of the students in our school who ___
Australia
A. has gone to B. has been to C. have gone to D. have been to
9. Pass me the book ___ cover is red.
A. which B. whose C. what D. that
10. Is this the hospital ____ you visited the other day
A. which B. where C. in which D. at which
11. Is this factory ____ you want to visit tomorrow
A. which B. that C. where D. the one
12. He has lost the key to the desk _____ the papers are kept.
A. which B. that C. in which D. in that
13.In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ____ she could turn for help.
A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom
14. He is not ____ a fool ____.
A. such…as he is looked B. such…as he looks
C. as…as he is looked D. so…as he looks
15.Do you know the student _____
A. whom I often talk B. with who I often talk
C. I often talk with D. that I often talk
16. He met my mother, from ____ he got the news of my marriage.
A. who B. whom C. which D. her
17. It is the third time that I ____ here.
A. had been B. was C. have been D. will be
18. You’d better let the children read such books ____ will make them
better and cleverer.
A. which B. that C. / D. as
19. ___ I want badly is a new sports car.
A. All that B. All what
C. All which D. The thing what
20.Charlie Chaplin, ____ was born in 1889, is one of the greatest
actors ___ the history of the cinema.
A. that…in B. who…in C. that…on D. who…on
21. This is the only work ____ at the moment.
A. which I can do B. that I can do it
C. I can do D. what I can do
22. ___ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high
schools is increasing.
A. Which B. As C. That D. It
23. ____ she couldn’t understand was ____ fewer and fewer students
showed interest in her lessons.(2000)
A. What… why B. That… what
C. What… because D. Why… that
24. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, ____ was very
reasonable.(2000)
A. which price B. the price of which
C. its price D. the price of whose
25. ___ the boy said turned out to be true.
A. Which B. All what C. What D. Where
一、概念: He is the boy (who often goes to school late).
先行词 关系词 定语从句
二、原则： a.定语从句必须紧紧地跟在先行词后面，限制修饰先行词。
b.定语从句必须用关系词来引导。
c.关系词在定语从句中作一个句子成分.
三、扩大. She is the old woman whom I saw this morning.
Mary is the girl whose parents work in Japan.
Is this the key which you are looking for
October 1, 1949 is the day when New China was founded.
This is the house where the great man was born.
I don’t know the reason why she looks unhappy today.
定语从句练习
I. Combine the two sentences into one sentence with a relative clause:
1. The jewelry was guarded by a policeman. It was very expensive.
The jewelry that/which was very expensive was guarded by a policeman
2. I bought a brochure. It was by a famous artist.
3. A woman is waiting for the bus. She looks angry.
4. A woman is standing near the exit. She is a guard.
5. The coats were hung in the checkroom. They belonged to the tourists.
6. A man is using the calculator. He is our accountant.
7. A dietitian is cooking the meal. She works for the museum
8. The car was stolen from the square. It was found by the policeman.
II. Choice:
1. The woman ___________came yesterday is my mother.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
2. Is the American film _______you have seen interesting
A. who B. whom C. that D. when
3. Have you found the bike _______was lost
A. which B. whose C. when D. where
4. The boy ________is singing over there is liming.
A. whose B. that C. which D./
5. Do you know the man __________our teacher is talking to
A. which B./ C. when D. whose
6. The school ______Li Fang is talking about is the best one here.
A. whose B. that C. when D. where
7. She is the girl with __________I went to Shanghai.
A. who B. whom C. which D. that
8. Please show me the man __________sister is a doctor.
A. who B. whose C. whom D. that
9. Would you like to give me the book _________cover is green
A. who B. that C. which D. whose
10.Look at that lady _________name is Mary.
A. who B. whose C. whom D. that
11.Is there anything ______I can do to help
A. what B. which C. as D. that
12.Yang Li-wei _________parents are both teachers, is the first man who goes around the earth.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. who’s
Which that who 关系词的选用
一. 用适当的关系词填空：
1. This is the longest bridge ________I have ever seen.
3. Most Americans love Chinese food, ____ is cooked in a different way from western food.
4. He is the only person ______ saw the accident yesterday.
5. Tom is trying to read in the room _____ the others are watching TV.
6. The student _____ the teachers are talking about has won the first prize in the English contest.
7. The man _______ wife died last year has gone to Japan.
8. Everything ____ I know will be taught to the students.
9. This is the best film _____ I have ever seen.
10. The picture ____ has a house and flowers is the one I like best.
11. Don’t make the same mistake ______ you did last time.
12. He failed in the exam, ______ surprised us all .
13. He did all ______ was necessary to be done.
14. Her parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ____ family was poor.
15. Tom, _______ parents are poor workers, always goes hungry.
16. They talked of things and persons ___________ happened in the school.
17. This is the first composition ___________ he has ever written in English.
18.He is the very person _______the police are looking for.
二. 选择：
1. “Those ____ not only learn from books but also through practice will succeed.
A. learn B. who C. that D. who learn
2. Anyone ____ this opinion may speak out.
A. that againsts B. that against
B. who is against D. who are against
3. Mr. Herpin is one of the foreign experts who ____ in China.
A. works B. is working C. are working D. has been working
4. Can you lend me the novel ____ the other day
A. that you talked B. you talked about it
B. which you talked with D. you talked about
5. They talked for about an hour of things and persons ____ they remembered in the school.
A. which B. that C. who D. whom
6. Who ____ has common sense will do such a thing
A. which B. who C. whom D. that
7. All the apples ____ fell down were eaten by the pigs.
A. that B. those C. which D. what
8. This is the biggest laboratory ____ we have ever built in our school.
A. which B. what C. where D. /
9. Is Oxygen the only gas ____ helps fire burn
A. that B. / C. which D. it
10. Is there anything ____ to you
A. that is belonged B. that belongs
B. that belong D. which belongs
11. His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ____ family was poor.
A. that B. which C. who’s D. whose
12. Please pass me the dictionary ____ cover is black.
A. which B. which of C. its D. whose
13. He is the only one of the boys who ____ the piano well.
A. plays B. play C. playing D. are playing
介词+ 关系词” 及关系副词when, where, why
1). The box is full of bottles. He is standing on the box.
----> The box on which he is standing is full of bottles.
The box where he is standing is full of bottles.
3). I know the reason. She did it for the reason.
---->I know the reason for which she did it.
I know the reason why she did it.
4). The man is our school master. You shook hands with the man just
now.
----> The man with whom you shook hands is our schoolmaster.
5） The school has 2600 students. Two thirds of 2006 students are girls.
The school has 2600 students, two thirds of whom are girls.
不能拆开的词组： look for / look after / catch hold of /take care of / put on / take off…….
1. This is the train. We work on the train.
2. The pen is made in Shanghai. She is writing with the pen.
1. Do you like the book ___________ she spent $10
2. Do you like the book _____________________ she paid $10
3. Do you like the book_ __________________she learned a lot
4. Do you like the book ___________________ she often talks
二. 用“介词+关系代词”填空：
1. Have you ever read the book ____ ______ there are many pictures
2. The man _____ ________ he had a talk yesterday is a doctor.
3. The library _____ ________ we often borrow books is very large.
4. The gentleman _____ _________ you just spoke is our headmaster.
5. This is the new bicycle _____ ______ I spent five hundred dollars.
6. Here are the table tennis players, some __ _____ are our old friends.
7. The tool _____ _________ he is working is called a spade.
8. China has hundreds of islands, the largest _____ _______ is Taiwan.
10. Water is a liquid, the freezing point ______ _________ is 0’C.
11. Give me a piece of paper ___ _____ I can write the phone number.
12. The boy built a telescope _____ ______ he could study the skies.
对比练习
a. This is the factory _______ we visited last week. ( that/which )
b. This is the factory _______ we worked in 2003 (where)
c. This is the factory ________ we visited the manager yesterday. (where)
教师要帮助学生观察并找出上述三个句子的不同之处。
a) 学生会发现句a中，定语从句缺少的是宾语，that/which充当visited的宾语才使句子完整。
b) 句b中，定语从句中worked是不及物动词，后不接宾语，缺少的是地点状语。
c) 在句c中，visited是及物动词，后面跟有宾语the manager, 从句中缺少的还是地点状语。经过这样比较，看些复杂的语法也变得比较简单了。
(1).Mr White has two sons. ____are working in the college. (a)
(2).Mr White has two sons, _____ are working in the college. (c)
a. Both of them b. Both of whom
c. both of whom d. both of them
(3) This is our teaching building ,______ is a big tree .(a)
(4) This is our teaching building . ______ is a big tree .（ｄ）
ａ．in front of which b. in front of which c. In front of which d. In front of it
在句（２）和（３）中，中间用的都是逗号，表明后面都是非限制性定语从句。在句（１）和句（４）中，句号前后都是完整的句子。从以上几个例句可以看出，标点符号的使用非常关键。
1.①This is one of the most interesting films _____ shown last week.
②This is the very one of the most interesting films _____ shown last week.
A. which was B. that was C. which were D. that were
2.①He has two sons, _____ are college students.
②He has two sons, and _____ are college students.
A. both of which B. both of whom C. both of them D. both of it
3.①He still lives in the room _____ window faces to the east.
②He still lives in the room, the window _____ faces to the east.
③He still lives in the room _____ is in the north of the city.
④He still lives in the room _____ there is a beautiful table.
A. which B. whose C. where D. of which
4. ①_____ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
②_____ who leaves the room last ought to turn off thelights.
③_____ who leave the room last ought to turn off the lights.
A. AnyoneB. WhoC. ThoseD. Whoever
5.①_____ we all know, China is rich in natural resources.
②_____ is well-known that China is rich in natural resources.
③_____ is well-known, China is rich in natural resources.
A. Which B. As C. It D. That
6. ①I’ll never forget the days _____ we studied together.
②I’ll never forget the days _____ we spent together.
A. that B.不填C. when D. A and B
7.①This is the only way _____ you can find.
②I don’t like the way _____ he spoke to his mother.
A. thatB.不填C. in whichD. A, B and CE. A and B
8.①Galileo collected the facts _____ proved the earth and all the other planets move around the sun.
②Galileo discovered the fact _____ the earth and all the other planets move around the sun.
A. that B. which C.不填D. A and B
9. ①Is this the village ______ you visited together with your family two years ago
②Is this the village ______ you worked together with the villagers two years ago
③ Is this village ______ you visited together with your family two years ago
A. the one B. what C. where D. that
10. Is this the school＿you visited the other day
Is this school＿you visited the other day
A. that B. where C . in which D the one
六、非限制性定语从句只对先行词起补充，说明的作用，常用逗号分开。关系代词用who(m), which，关系副词用where ,when. 非限制性定语从句不能用that来引导.
This was the American Civil War, which lasted 4 years before the North won in the end.
He was taken to another room, where he found a wounded boy, who was dying.
七、as 作为关系代词， 习惯上用于下列词组：
the same....as such ...as as ... as， so…as
1. Take as many books as you want.
2. Here is so big a stone as no man can lift.
3. He read such books as will make him wiser.
4. The town is about the same distance from Nanjing as Yangzhou is.
As 用于非限制性定语从句，常见以下句型：
as you know, as we have seen, as is known to all, as anybody can see, as was expected, as we can imagine, as has been pointed out
as与which的用法区别：as与 which在非限制性定语从句中，都可指代整个主句，但as引导的从句可放在主句的句首, 句中或句尾， 而 which引导的从句只可放在主句的句尾
As we have seen, oceans cover more than 70 percent of the earth.
Oceans cover more than 70 percent of the earth, as we have seen.
She was awarded a gold medal, which the whole family considered a great honour.
综合训练
三. 选择填空：
1. The village ____ I once worked has changed a lot.
A. which B. where C. that D. /
2. China is a developing country, _____ we all know.
A. whom B. as C. that D. which
3. He told me of the people and interesting things ____ he had seen in
America.
A. which B. whom C. what D. /
4. Was it at a theater __ they met
A. where B. that C. which D. in which
5. The knife ____ he cut the bread is very sharp.
A. with which B. with it C. with that D. which
6. He is one of the foreign experts who ____ Chinese.
A. knows B. know C. is known D. are known
7. In the old house, Tom washed the ten windows, most of ___ hadn’t
been cleaned for years.
A. these B. those C. that D. which
8. Alice is the only one of the students in our school who ___
Australia
A. has gone to B. has been to C. have gone to D. have been to
9. Pass me the book ___ cover is red.
A. which B. whose C. what D. that
10. Is this the hospital ____ you visited the other day
A. which B. where C. in which D. at which
11. Is this factory ____ you want to visit tomorrow
A. which B. that C. where D. the one
12. He has lost the key to the desk _____ the papers are kept.
A. which B. that C. in which D. in that
13.In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ____ she could turn for help.
A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom
14. He is not ____ a fool ____.
A. such…as he is looked B. such…as he looks
C. as…as he is looked D. so…as he looks
15.Do you know the student _____
A. whom I often talk B. with who I often talk
C. I often talk with D. that I often talk
16. He met my mother, from ____ he got the news of my marriage.
A. who B. whom C. which D. her
17. It is the third time that I ____ here.
A. had been B. was C. have been D. will be
18. You’d better let the children read such books ____ will make them
better and cleverer.
A. which B. that C. / D. as
19. ___ I want badly is a new sports car.
A. All that B. All what
C. All which D. The thing what
20.Charlie Chaplin, ____ was born in 1889, is one of the greatest
actors ___ the history of the cinema.
A. that…in B. who…in C. that…on D. who…on
21. This is the only work ____ at the moment.
A. which I can do B. that I can do it
C. I can do D. what I can do
22. ___ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high
schools is increasing.
A. Which B. As C. That D. It
23. ____ she couldn’t understand was ____ fewer and fewer students
showed interest in her lessons.(2000)
A. What… why B. That… what
C. What… because D. Why… that
24. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, ____ was very
reasonable.(2000)
A. which price B. the price of which
C. its price D. the price of whose
25. ___ the boy said turned out to be true.
A. Which B. All what C. What D. Where