高考英语考前指导
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2009年高考备考英语考前指导
从我市质量检测(二)的答题情况看，学生基础知识的掌握普遍不扎实，主要表现在：
1. 词汇不过关。对基本词汇的用法模糊，常用的单词拼写错。
2. 对句子结构的理解较模糊。对基本句型仍没有掌握好，写出来的句子结构不完整。
3. 语法意识不强。在做语法填空题时，不能运用学过的语法知识进行分析，填入正确的词。
根据以上的情况，学生在最后的冲刺阶段需根据自身的实际情况，从软(心理)、硬(基础)两方面做好科学备考，提高备考效率，在最后阶段做好以下几点：
一、回归基础，查漏补缺。
1. 词汇。学生需根据自己的实际情况，从3500个词汇中，挑出自己感觉较为生疏的单词反复记忆。对于常用的和重点的词汇，一定要做到会写、会用，了解这些词的搭配，使其变为积极词汇。要归纳常出现拼写错误或使用错误的单词，对这些词加强记忆。例如：true, solve, environment等词的拼写，advice, information, furniture等词的单复数辨别。
2. 句型。需加强对基本句型和语法例句的背诵。在老师的帮助下，学生需要归纳在平时的写作中经常犯错的重要句型，杜绝出现同样的错误。例如：在there be句型中有多余的谓语动词，学生经常写出类似的句子(There are one billion people take part in the activity)。又如：从句单独成句的错误(We all like him. Because he is helpful.)。
3. 语法。从语言输出(即运用)的角度来看，语法的考查体现在语法填空和写作上，所以必须归纳以往的错题、错句，有针对性地加强理解和记忆。对于平时做语法填空题时常犯的错误要弄懂错在哪儿，要熟悉这种题的考查方式，尽量保证出现同样考题的情况下能做对、不丢分。对于写作时常常写错的句子，也要进行归纳整理，对正确的表达进行强化记忆，不犯同样的错误，保证作文中“语言表达”这一项的得分。
二、加强练习，保持题感。
1. 听力理解题的分值比较大，接近全卷总分的四分之一，所以，考生要在老师的指导下，坚持每天至少听一套题，对错题应当反复听。如果反复二三遍还是听不明白，可以参照录音稿找出错误的原因，特别是一些简单的判断推理题，一定要通过参照原稿找出答案与信息之间的联系，整理出这类题的解题思路。对星期、月份、普通人句、地名等专项名词加强训练。
2. 高考中对写作的考查占了相当大的比例，为了在有限的时间内提高作文的得分，考生在最后阶段需要对写过的作文按体裁或题材/话题进行归纳总结，在老师的指导下从各类文章中有针对性地挑出一两篇有代表性的优秀范文，在理解的基础上进行背诵或默写，并在写作过程中加以运用。考生需要每天练、每天抄、每天背，并在实战演练中，有意识地提取积累过的知识，尽力做到在考试中得心应手，信手拈来。
3. 在考前几个星期的时间里需要按高考标准适当做一些套题，但不宜过多，建议每星期做1至2套题，这是巩固考生应试能力的重要的手段之一。其目的有三个：一是查缺补漏，通过练习暴露、找出自己在知识方面的薄弱环节，及时巩固，使知识体系更加完整；二是通过练习继续研究各类型题目的解题方法，提高解题技巧；三是通过练习保持、巩固对考试的感觉，即所谓的“保温”，以免前功尽弃。
三、重视技巧，强化专题。
在冲刺阶段认真研究解题方法，提高解题技巧，从而提高答对率及得分率，可收到事半功倍的效果。另外还要注重应试技巧，合理安排时间，做到有条不紊。
1. 解题技巧
很多学生容易在完形填空题上失分，但是根据对失分情况的分析，大多数学生对于一些选项的判断失误，不是因为没有掌握必要的知识，而是缺乏基本的解题技巧。在解答完形填空时，首先要注意上下文的联系，注意词汇的复现。其次，如果四个选项的意思接近，需要关注这些词与前后词汇在用法上的搭配。另外要注意将选项放回到句子中时，句子的意思是否通顺、本句是否与其他语句矛盾等问题。
阅读理解题要求考生读懂文章，同时要求考生熟悉命题方式，包括题干的设计方式、干扰项的设计方式以及不同类型的题目的信息在文章中呈现的方式等，亦需要特别加强阅读理解的“回归文章”意识。在备考的最后阶段，建议考生在适量训练的基础上，对答错的题认真进行归纳、比较，学会正确的解题技巧，或根据老师讲过的解题方法和技巧，在训练中有针对性地运用这些技巧以加深熟练的程度。
对于信息匹配，从命题的方向看，除按照中心词进行匹配外，考生需要注意信息匹配题也可能会根据某些语句所表现的信息或根据文段所提供的内容进行匹配。所以考生在找准信息词的同时，也需要把握好某个信息点及文段所提供的内容进行匹配，确保万无一失。
针对基础写作和读写任务，一般而言，只要求写作中表达准确，如把握不大，要尽量避免使用所谓的“高级句型”，使用最简单的句子即可。考生也应注意加强表达的多样性训练，如果忘记了准确的用词，要试着用不同的方式表达意思。另外，考生在解答读写任务时要有写提纲的意识，以确保所写内容与命题的要求一致，也可对文章结构进行合理的构思。
2. 应试技巧
高考考试说明为每个题型设置了较为合理的参考时间（听力：30分钟、完形填空15分钟、语法填空10分钟、阅读理解20分钟、信息匹配5分钟、基础写作10分钟、读写任务30分钟）。从学生答卷的实际情况来看，除听力以外，比较普遍地存在学生在完成完形填空、语法填空、阅读理解和信息匹配时用时过多而挤占了完成基础写作和任务读写的答题时间，造成“书面表达”仓促成文甚至草草结尾和未能完成的情况。有些考生甚至在最后要求交卷了才急急忙忙将答案转涂到答题卡上，这时，因为心急紧张而涂错卡，造成了不必要的失分。为了杜绝以上情况的发生，考生需要注意如下两点：第一，做题时，每位考生都可以根据自己的实际情况对做题的顺序和时间作出适当的调整。对于平常难以在规定的时间内完成全部题目的考生来说，考试时可以根据自己的具体情况，首先安排时间完成自己擅长、有把握的题型，把平常失分严重的题型安排在后，尽量拿到自己比较有把握拿到的分数，以避免由于时间不够导致会做的题没做而造成失分。第二，每做完一大题，一定要及时将答案转涂到答题卡上，保证填涂准确，保证得分。
四、认真审题，规范答题。
1、认真审题。读题目时，不能匆匆“扫描”，而要一个词、一个词地在心中默读考题。这样，可以强迫自己定下心来，把题目中的每一个字看清楚，不至于漏掉任何信息。例如，在审作文题时，要求考生认真分析试题提供的表格、图片、提纲或文字说明等，仔细阅读每一个细节，弄清背景、要求、任务类型和内容。明确文章的体裁，把握中心思想，归纳内容要点，确定写作态度以及应采用的时态和语态等，确保不离题，保证会做的题目拿到尽量高的分。
2、规范答题。英语高考实行网上阅卷，因此，考生一定要明确注意事项，卷面整齐美观，字体饱满圆润，大小适当。历年的高考阅卷表明：字迹的清晰与否对最后的得分结果影响巨大！考生必须谨记于心！
五、调整心态，积极备考。
考生的心理状态，对于高考的成败有着至关重要的作用。考生要在冲刺阶段保持良好、积极的备战状态。可以从以下两个调整自己的心态：第一，重视备考过程中的得失，轻视对高考结果的期待。考前要调整好自己的心理状态，既不要对考试抱有过高的期望，同时对自己平时的表现一定要有信心，坚信自己在考试中一定能发挥出正常水平。第二，每天用激昂的声音说出一些鼓励自己的话语。这样可以激发斗志，提高自信心。总之，在高考中，谁能以平常的心态进入考场，谁就一定是最后的胜利者。
附件一：语法填空(非谓语动词)
(注：考生在答语法填空题时在非谓语动词、词形变化方面表现出较多的错误，附件中的题可供练习之用。)
Passage 1
Let children learn 1.___________ (judge) their own work. A child 2.____________ (learn) to talk does not learn by 3._______________(correct) all the time; if 4.___________(correct) too much, he will stop 5.__________(talk). He notices a thousand times a day the difference between his language and others’ language. Bit by bit, he makes the right changes 6._____________ (make) his language like other people. In the same way, children learn 7._______ (do) all the other things. They learn 8._________(talk), run, climb, ride a bicycle by 9.___________(compare) their own behaviors with those of more 10._________(skill) people, and slowly make the 11.________(need) changes. But in school teachers never give a child a chance 12.___________(find) out his mistakes for himself, even fewer chances for him 13. ___________(correct) himself. They do it all for him. Teachers act as if the student would fail 14. ______________(notice) a mistake if they did not point it out to him. They act as if the student would never correct it unless he 15. __________(make) to. Soon he becomes dependent on the teacher. Let the student do it himself. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he 16. ________ (want) it, what this word means and what the answer is to that problem.
Key:
1. to judge 2. learning 3. being corrected 4. corrected 5. talking
6. to make 7. to do 8. to talk 9. comparing 10. skilled
11. needed 12. to find 13. to correct 14. to notice
15. was made 16. wants
Passage2
I found out one time that 1._________ (do) a favour for someone could get you into trouble. I was in the eighth grade at the time and we 2._____________ (have) a final test. During the test, the girl 3.____________ (sit) next to me whispered something but I did not understand. So I 4._______ (lean) over and found out that she was trying 5._________ (ask) me if I had an extra pen. She showed me that hers was out of ink. I happened 6.__________ (have) an extra one, so I took it out of my pocket and put it on her desk.
Later, after the test papers 7.____________ (turn) in, the teacher asked me 8.___________(stay) in the room when all the other students 9.____________(dismiss). As soon as we were alone she began 10._____________ (talk) to me about what it meant to grow up; she mentioned how important it was 11._________(stand) on your own two feet and 12.________(be) responsible for your own acts. For a long time, she talked about honesty and 13. ____________ (emphasize) the fact that when people do something dishonest, they 14. ____________ (really cheat) themselves. She made me promise that I would think seriously about all the things she 15. ____________(say), and then she told me I could leave. I walked out of the room 16.__________(wonder) why she had chosen to talk to me about all those things.
Key:
1.doing 2. were having 3. sitting 4. leaned 5. to ask
6. to have 7. had been turned 8. to stay 9. were dismissed 10. to talk
11. to stand 12. be 13. emphasized 14. are really cheating 15. had said 16. wondering
Passage 3:
What is language for Some people seem to think it’s for 1 (practice) grammar rules and learning lists of words. The longer the lists are, 2 better it is. That’s wrong. Language is for the exchange of ideas and information. It’s meaningless knowing all about a language 3 you can’t use it freely. Many students have known hundreds of grammar rules, but they can’t speak fluently. Students should have access 4 good practice. They shouldn’t 5 (be) afraid of making mistakes when speaking a foreign language, but they probably lacked confidence. Native 6 (speak) make mistakes and break rules, too. Bernard Shaw once wrote, “Foreigners often speak English too 7 (correct).” But the mistakes that the native make are different from 8 that Chinese students make. They’re English mistakes in the English language. And if enough native speakers break a rule, it is no longer a rule. 9 used to be wrong becomes right. People not only make history, they make language. But people can only make their own language. Although Chinese students should pay attention to grammar, they shouldn’t overdo munication should come 10.
Key:
1. practis(c)ing 2. the 3. if 4. to 5. have been 6. speakers 7. correctly 8. those 9. what 10. first
附件二：完形填空
(注：：在解答完形填空题时，学生往往最容易忽略上下文的联系及逻辑、意义的搭配，以下练习仅供参考。)
“Grandpa, what was the hardest thing you ever had in your life ” I expected a story of physical 1 during those hard times, but Grandpas stopped walking and began to speak with tears in his eyes.
“Your grandma got sick after your Aunt Mary was born. Since there was no one to 2 your mom and uncles, I had to send them to an orphanage(孤儿院) so I could take two or three jobs until your grandma got well. The 3 thing I ever had to do was put my babies there. I went every week to see them, but I could only 4 my children play from behind a one-way(单向的) mirror. I would keep both hands on the glass for the thirty minutes I was 5 to see them, but they never saw me. I’ll never 6 myself for not holding them.”
I told my grandfather that I had the best grandfather ever and that I loved him.
For fifteen years, that special walk with Grandpa remained our 7 .
After my grandmother passed away, my grandfather began to 8 a loss of memory. I tried to encourage my mother to let Grandpa come and live with us, but she said, “Why He never 9 what happened to us!”
Then I told mom the story and said he was really 10 for everything. Not long after, my grandfather came to live with us.
1. A. strength B. work C. exercise D. examination
2. A. look for B. depend on C. take care of D. look up to
3. A. happiest B. bravest C. easiest D. hardest
4. A. feel B. hear C. make D. watch
5. A. allowed B. ordered C. begged D. encouraged
6. A. help B. devote C. forgive D. enjoy
7. A. pity B. shame C. puzzle D. secret
8. A. get rid of B. pay attention C. suffer from D.recover from
9. A. talked about B. cared about C. found out D. left out
10. A. cruel B. unfortunate C. responsible D. sorry
Keys: 1-5 BCDDA 6-10 CDCBD
附件三：值得关注的话题
(注：作文的话题需要考生多关注与学生较相关或接近的话题，找出话题中可能用到的句型、词汇等加以训练巩固。附件中的文章/话题只作为提醒考生寻找话题的思路或方向，仅供参考。其内容来自网络，为中国学生所写，表达可能有不准确之处。请关注话题本身而非内容)
①
If your parents discover your secrets, what will you do
Everyone has his own secrets, including some bloopers(挫折), and the romantic affaires in the early times. Some people like to put them down in the diary. And everyone has curiosity. Once your diary has somehow been read by your parents, your secrets will be exposed. That is the most uneasy thing you might have ever experienced. So what will you do if that really happens
②Cancel the dividing of science and arts in senior middle school, is it to lose load or to add load
文理分科几乎是每一个上过普通高中的学生都要面临的一个重要选择。近日，国家教育部就“高中取消文理分科的必要性和可行性”向社会广泛征询意见。一石激起千层浪，该不该取消文理分科的老话题，又成了人们最近热议的话题。
Arts, Science, or Both
Dividing of science and arts is a common thing we meet when we step into high school. According to your interest and your characteristic, you make a suitable choice. We just make a choice and take it as a rule. It seems so natural a thing. But recently, the State Ministry of Education is surveying on the possibility of canceling the dividing of science and arts. The once-old topic becomes the hottest one again now. And different parties have different ideas about it.
For educators, they are for the cancel of this division, because they think, in 21st century, the world needs inter-disciplinary talent, not a talent just in one area which is not enough. If contemporary students know something in every area, they will have a better future, and they may have integrated development.
On the other hand, high school students have their own ideas. They oppose to the cancel, as they think it will produce more pressure in their preparing for the college entrance examination and lead to a bad result.
Personally, I’m also against canceling the division of arts and science. Science is a troublesome subject for me. So why don't I leave it alone However, I like Chinese, English, and social science, so it is easier for me to accept history, geography and politics, thus it is easier for me to go to a good university if I choose arts.
……
③如果做错事了，我们应该怎么面对？
How to deal with your mistakes
I’ve made lots of mistakes, but there seems to be no chance for me to correct them.
Since senior high middle school, I did not study as hard as in junior middle school. When I graduated, I chose a senior school that I didn’t like for some reason. After entering college, I thought I was free at last, and I spent the first two years playing instead of studying. When I entered my third year, I began to study, but there was not much time left for me.
If I began to study hard from senior high middle school, if I started to work hard from the beginning of my college, things may be quite different now.
However, I still need to live and work. I think the best way to correct the mistakes is to work hard and try to get what I want. Since I’m still young, I should not waste any more time in my life.
④It is time again for losing face.
Why are Chinese festivals not as popular as Western's
Halloween is coming, many young people here are preparing for it. They will dress up as monsters, witches on October 31st, and have a very formal and happy day.
So why are Chinese festivals not as popular as Western’s I think there are several reasons.
First, people like new things. For example, every time I go home, I often take some presents with Beijing characteristics. I usually buy some green bean cake, refreshments for my little nephew. My bf and I also have talked about what he can buy on Thanksgiving Day in US. Not just Chinese people like western festivals, I know many westerners also like Chinese traditional festival, especially spring festival.
Second, we have cultural integration. Foreign culture and concept have spread to china. More and more Chinese people celebrate western holidays such as Valentine’s Day and Christmas. Western food has become more and more popular. Also more people begin interested in traditional Chinese culture, and Chinese food is everywhere in North America and Europe. So this is a inevitable result of cultural communication and exchange.
Third, western festival is a good complement to our traditional festival. For couples, the Valentine’s Day is sweet and unforgettable. For children, the Halloween day gives them a good reason to knock their neighbors’ door (maybe they haven’t said a word till that moment), and ask for candies. For everyone, the Christmas-eve gives them a present through a wonderful story.
Everyone like festival, isn’t it wonderful if we have more of it I like to spend the traditional festivals with my family, because for me, that is family time.
从我市质量检测(二)的答题情况看，学生基础知识的掌握普遍不扎实，主要表现在：
1. 词汇不过关。对基本词汇的用法模糊，常用的单词拼写错。
2. 对句子结构的理解较模糊。对基本句型仍没有掌握好，写出来的句子结构不完整。
3. 语法意识不强。在做语法填空题时，不能运用学过的语法知识进行分析，填入正确的词。
根据以上的情况，学生在最后的冲刺阶段需根据自身的实际情况，从软(心理)、硬(基础)两方面做好科学备考，提高备考效率，在最后阶段做好以下几点：
一、回归基础，查漏补缺。
1. 词汇。学生需根据自己的实际情况，从3500个词汇中，挑出自己感觉较为生疏的单词反复记忆。对于常用的和重点的词汇，一定要做到会写、会用，了解这些词的搭配，使其变为积极词汇。要归纳常出现拼写错误或使用错误的单词，对这些词加强记忆。例如：true, solve, environment等词的拼写，advice, information, furniture等词的单复数辨别。
2. 句型。需加强对基本句型和语法例句的背诵。在老师的帮助下，学生需要归纳在平时的写作中经常犯错的重要句型，杜绝出现同样的错误。例如：在there be句型中有多余的谓语动词，学生经常写出类似的句子(There are one billion people take part in the activity)。又如：从句单独成句的错误(We all like him. Because he is helpful.)。
3. 语法。从语言输出(即运用)的角度来看，语法的考查体现在语法填空和写作上，所以必须归纳以往的错题、错句，有针对性地加强理解和记忆。对于平时做语法填空题时常犯的错误要弄懂错在哪儿，要熟悉这种题的考查方式，尽量保证出现同样考题的情况下能做对、不丢分。对于写作时常常写错的句子，也要进行归纳整理，对正确的表达进行强化记忆，不犯同样的错误，保证作文中“语言表达”这一项的得分。
二、加强练习，保持题感。
1. 听力理解题的分值比较大，接近全卷总分的四分之一，所以，考生要在老师的指导下，坚持每天至少听一套题，对错题应当反复听。如果反复二三遍还是听不明白，可以参照录音稿找出错误的原因，特别是一些简单的判断推理题，一定要通过参照原稿找出答案与信息之间的联系，整理出这类题的解题思路。对星期、月份、普通人句、地名等专项名词加强训练。
2. 高考中对写作的考查占了相当大的比例，为了在有限的时间内提高作文的得分，考生在最后阶段需要对写过的作文按体裁或题材/话题进行归纳总结，在老师的指导下从各类文章中有针对性地挑出一两篇有代表性的优秀范文，在理解的基础上进行背诵或默写，并在写作过程中加以运用。考生需要每天练、每天抄、每天背，并在实战演练中，有意识地提取积累过的知识，尽力做到在考试中得心应手，信手拈来。
3. 在考前几个星期的时间里需要按高考标准适当做一些套题，但不宜过多，建议每星期做1至2套题，这是巩固考生应试能力的重要的手段之一。其目的有三个：一是查缺补漏，通过练习暴露、找出自己在知识方面的薄弱环节，及时巩固，使知识体系更加完整；二是通过练习继续研究各类型题目的解题方法，提高解题技巧；三是通过练习保持、巩固对考试的感觉，即所谓的“保温”，以免前功尽弃。
三、重视技巧，强化专题。
在冲刺阶段认真研究解题方法，提高解题技巧，从而提高答对率及得分率，可收到事半功倍的效果。另外还要注重应试技巧，合理安排时间，做到有条不紊。
1. 解题技巧
很多学生容易在完形填空题上失分，但是根据对失分情况的分析，大多数学生对于一些选项的判断失误，不是因为没有掌握必要的知识，而是缺乏基本的解题技巧。在解答完形填空时，首先要注意上下文的联系，注意词汇的复现。其次，如果四个选项的意思接近，需要关注这些词与前后词汇在用法上的搭配。另外要注意将选项放回到句子中时，句子的意思是否通顺、本句是否与其他语句矛盾等问题。
阅读理解题要求考生读懂文章，同时要求考生熟悉命题方式，包括题干的设计方式、干扰项的设计方式以及不同类型的题目的信息在文章中呈现的方式等，亦需要特别加强阅读理解的“回归文章”意识。在备考的最后阶段，建议考生在适量训练的基础上，对答错的题认真进行归纳、比较，学会正确的解题技巧，或根据老师讲过的解题方法和技巧，在训练中有针对性地运用这些技巧以加深熟练的程度。
对于信息匹配，从命题的方向看，除按照中心词进行匹配外，考生需要注意信息匹配题也可能会根据某些语句所表现的信息或根据文段所提供的内容进行匹配。所以考生在找准信息词的同时，也需要把握好某个信息点及文段所提供的内容进行匹配，确保万无一失。
针对基础写作和读写任务，一般而言，只要求写作中表达准确，如把握不大，要尽量避免使用所谓的“高级句型”，使用最简单的句子即可。考生也应注意加强表达的多样性训练，如果忘记了准确的用词，要试着用不同的方式表达意思。另外，考生在解答读写任务时要有写提纲的意识，以确保所写内容与命题的要求一致，也可对文章结构进行合理的构思。
2. 应试技巧
高考考试说明为每个题型设置了较为合理的参考时间（听力：30分钟、完形填空15分钟、语法填空10分钟、阅读理解20分钟、信息匹配5分钟、基础写作10分钟、读写任务30分钟）。从学生答卷的实际情况来看，除听力以外，比较普遍地存在学生在完成完形填空、语法填空、阅读理解和信息匹配时用时过多而挤占了完成基础写作和任务读写的答题时间，造成“书面表达”仓促成文甚至草草结尾和未能完成的情况。有些考生甚至在最后要求交卷了才急急忙忙将答案转涂到答题卡上，这时，因为心急紧张而涂错卡，造成了不必要的失分。为了杜绝以上情况的发生，考生需要注意如下两点：第一，做题时，每位考生都可以根据自己的实际情况对做题的顺序和时间作出适当的调整。对于平常难以在规定的时间内完成全部题目的考生来说，考试时可以根据自己的具体情况，首先安排时间完成自己擅长、有把握的题型，把平常失分严重的题型安排在后，尽量拿到自己比较有把握拿到的分数，以避免由于时间不够导致会做的题没做而造成失分。第二，每做完一大题，一定要及时将答案转涂到答题卡上，保证填涂准确，保证得分。
四、认真审题，规范答题。
1、认真审题。读题目时，不能匆匆“扫描”，而要一个词、一个词地在心中默读考题。这样，可以强迫自己定下心来，把题目中的每一个字看清楚，不至于漏掉任何信息。例如，在审作文题时，要求考生认真分析试题提供的表格、图片、提纲或文字说明等，仔细阅读每一个细节，弄清背景、要求、任务类型和内容。明确文章的体裁，把握中心思想，归纳内容要点，确定写作态度以及应采用的时态和语态等，确保不离题，保证会做的题目拿到尽量高的分。
2、规范答题。英语高考实行网上阅卷，因此，考生一定要明确注意事项，卷面整齐美观，字体饱满圆润，大小适当。历年的高考阅卷表明：字迹的清晰与否对最后的得分结果影响巨大！考生必须谨记于心！
五、调整心态，积极备考。
考生的心理状态，对于高考的成败有着至关重要的作用。考生要在冲刺阶段保持良好、积极的备战状态。可以从以下两个调整自己的心态：第一，重视备考过程中的得失，轻视对高考结果的期待。考前要调整好自己的心理状态，既不要对考试抱有过高的期望，同时对自己平时的表现一定要有信心，坚信自己在考试中一定能发挥出正常水平。第二，每天用激昂的声音说出一些鼓励自己的话语。这样可以激发斗志，提高自信心。总之，在高考中，谁能以平常的心态进入考场，谁就一定是最后的胜利者。
附件一：语法填空(非谓语动词)
(注：考生在答语法填空题时在非谓语动词、词形变化方面表现出较多的错误，附件中的题可供练习之用。)
Passage 1
Let children learn 1.___________ (judge) their own work. A child 2.____________ (learn) to talk does not learn by 3._______________(correct) all the time; if 4.___________(correct) too much, he will stop 5.__________(talk). He notices a thousand times a day the difference between his language and others’ language. Bit by bit, he makes the right changes 6._____________ (make) his language like other people. In the same way, children learn 7._______ (do) all the other things. They learn 8._________(talk), run, climb, ride a bicycle by 9.___________(compare) their own behaviors with those of more 10._________(skill) people, and slowly make the 11.________(need) changes. But in school teachers never give a child a chance 12.___________(find) out his mistakes for himself, even fewer chances for him 13. ___________(correct) himself. They do it all for him. Teachers act as if the student would fail 14. ______________(notice) a mistake if they did not point it out to him. They act as if the student would never correct it unless he 15. __________(make) to. Soon he becomes dependent on the teacher. Let the student do it himself. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he 16. ________ (want) it, what this word means and what the answer is to that problem.
Key:
1. to judge 2. learning 3. being corrected 4. corrected 5. talking
6. to make 7. to do 8. to talk 9. comparing 10. skilled
11. needed 12. to find 13. to correct 14. to notice
15. was made 16. wants
Passage2
I found out one time that 1._________ (do) a favour for someone could get you into trouble. I was in the eighth grade at the time and we 2._____________ (have) a final test. During the test, the girl 3.____________ (sit) next to me whispered something but I did not understand. So I 4._______ (lean) over and found out that she was trying 5._________ (ask) me if I had an extra pen. She showed me that hers was out of ink. I happened 6.__________ (have) an extra one, so I took it out of my pocket and put it on her desk.
Later, after the test papers 7.____________ (turn) in, the teacher asked me 8.___________(stay) in the room when all the other students 9.____________(dismiss). As soon as we were alone she began 10._____________ (talk) to me about what it meant to grow up; she mentioned how important it was 11._________(stand) on your own two feet and 12.________(be) responsible for your own acts. For a long time, she talked about honesty and 13. ____________ (emphasize) the fact that when people do something dishonest, they 14. ____________ (really cheat) themselves. She made me promise that I would think seriously about all the things she 15. ____________(say), and then she told me I could leave. I walked out of the room 16.__________(wonder) why she had chosen to talk to me about all those things.
Key:
1.doing 2. were having 3. sitting 4. leaned 5. to ask
6. to have 7. had been turned 8. to stay 9. were dismissed 10. to talk
11. to stand 12. be 13. emphasized 14. are really cheating 15. had said 16. wondering
Passage 3:
What is language for Some people seem to think it’s for 1 (practice) grammar rules and learning lists of words. The longer the lists are, 2 better it is. That’s wrong. Language is for the exchange of ideas and information. It’s meaningless knowing all about a language 3 you can’t use it freely. Many students have known hundreds of grammar rules, but they can’t speak fluently. Students should have access 4 good practice. They shouldn’t 5 (be) afraid of making mistakes when speaking a foreign language, but they probably lacked confidence. Native 6 (speak) make mistakes and break rules, too. Bernard Shaw once wrote, “Foreigners often speak English too 7 (correct).” But the mistakes that the native make are different from 8 that Chinese students make. They’re English mistakes in the English language. And if enough native speakers break a rule, it is no longer a rule. 9 used to be wrong becomes right. People not only make history, they make language. But people can only make their own language. Although Chinese students should pay attention to grammar, they shouldn’t overdo munication should come 10.
Key:
1. practis(c)ing 2. the 3. if 4. to 5. have been 6. speakers 7. correctly 8. those 9. what 10. first
附件二：完形填空
(注：：在解答完形填空题时，学生往往最容易忽略上下文的联系及逻辑、意义的搭配，以下练习仅供参考。)
“Grandpa, what was the hardest thing you ever had in your life ” I expected a story of physical 1 during those hard times, but Grandpas stopped walking and began to speak with tears in his eyes.
“Your grandma got sick after your Aunt Mary was born. Since there was no one to 2 your mom and uncles, I had to send them to an orphanage(孤儿院) so I could take two or three jobs until your grandma got well. The 3 thing I ever had to do was put my babies there. I went every week to see them, but I could only 4 my children play from behind a one-way(单向的) mirror. I would keep both hands on the glass for the thirty minutes I was 5 to see them, but they never saw me. I’ll never 6 myself for not holding them.”
I told my grandfather that I had the best grandfather ever and that I loved him.
For fifteen years, that special walk with Grandpa remained our 7 .
After my grandmother passed away, my grandfather began to 8 a loss of memory. I tried to encourage my mother to let Grandpa come and live with us, but she said, “Why He never 9 what happened to us!”
Then I told mom the story and said he was really 10 for everything. Not long after, my grandfather came to live with us.
1. A. strength B. work C. exercise D. examination
2. A. look for B. depend on C. take care of D. look up to
3. A. happiest B. bravest C. easiest D. hardest
4. A. feel B. hear C. make D. watch
5. A. allowed B. ordered C. begged D. encouraged
6. A. help B. devote C. forgive D. enjoy
7. A. pity B. shame C. puzzle D. secret
8. A. get rid of B. pay attention C. suffer from D.recover from
9. A. talked about B. cared about C. found out D. left out
10. A. cruel B. unfortunate C. responsible D. sorry
Keys: 1-5 BCDDA 6-10 CDCBD
附件三：值得关注的话题
(注：作文的话题需要考生多关注与学生较相关或接近的话题，找出话题中可能用到的句型、词汇等加以训练巩固。附件中的文章/话题只作为提醒考生寻找话题的思路或方向，仅供参考。其内容来自网络，为中国学生所写，表达可能有不准确之处。请关注话题本身而非内容)
①
If your parents discover your secrets, what will you do
Everyone has his own secrets, including some bloopers(挫折), and the romantic affaires in the early times. Some people like to put them down in the diary. And everyone has curiosity. Once your diary has somehow been read by your parents, your secrets will be exposed. That is the most uneasy thing you might have ever experienced. So what will you do if that really happens
②Cancel the dividing of science and arts in senior middle school, is it to lose load or to add load
文理分科几乎是每一个上过普通高中的学生都要面临的一个重要选择。近日，国家教育部就“高中取消文理分科的必要性和可行性”向社会广泛征询意见。一石激起千层浪，该不该取消文理分科的老话题，又成了人们最近热议的话题。
Arts, Science, or Both
Dividing of science and arts is a common thing we meet when we step into high school. According to your interest and your characteristic, you make a suitable choice. We just make a choice and take it as a rule. It seems so natural a thing. But recently, the State Ministry of Education is surveying on the possibility of canceling the dividing of science and arts. The once-old topic becomes the hottest one again now. And different parties have different ideas about it.
For educators, they are for the cancel of this division, because they think, in 21st century, the world needs inter-disciplinary talent, not a talent just in one area which is not enough. If contemporary students know something in every area, they will have a better future, and they may have integrated development.
On the other hand, high school students have their own ideas. They oppose to the cancel, as they think it will produce more pressure in their preparing for the college entrance examination and lead to a bad result.
Personally, I’m also against canceling the division of arts and science. Science is a troublesome subject for me. So why don't I leave it alone However, I like Chinese, English, and social science, so it is easier for me to accept history, geography and politics, thus it is easier for me to go to a good university if I choose arts.
……
③如果做错事了，我们应该怎么面对？
How to deal with your mistakes
I’ve made lots of mistakes, but there seems to be no chance for me to correct them.
Since senior high middle school, I did not study as hard as in junior middle school. When I graduated, I chose a senior school that I didn’t like for some reason. After entering college, I thought I was free at last, and I spent the first two years playing instead of studying. When I entered my third year, I began to study, but there was not much time left for me.
If I began to study hard from senior high middle school, if I started to work hard from the beginning of my college, things may be quite different now.
However, I still need to live and work. I think the best way to correct the mistakes is to work hard and try to get what I want. Since I’m still young, I should not waste any more time in my life.
④It is time again for losing face.
Why are Chinese festivals not as popular as Western's
Halloween is coming, many young people here are preparing for it. They will dress up as monsters, witches on October 31st, and have a very formal and happy day.
So why are Chinese festivals not as popular as Western’s I think there are several reasons.
First, people like new things. For example, every time I go home, I often take some presents with Beijing characteristics. I usually buy some green bean cake, refreshments for my little nephew. My bf and I also have talked about what he can buy on Thanksgiving Day in US. Not just Chinese people like western festivals, I know many westerners also like Chinese traditional festival, especially spring festival.
Second, we have cultural integration. Foreign culture and concept have spread to china. More and more Chinese people celebrate western holidays such as Valentine’s Day and Christmas. Western food has become more and more popular. Also more people begin interested in traditional Chinese culture, and Chinese food is everywhere in North America and Europe. So this is a inevitable result of cultural communication and exchange.
Third, western festival is a good complement to our traditional festival. For couples, the Valentine’s Day is sweet and unforgettable. For children, the Halloween day gives them a good reason to knock their neighbors’ door (maybe they haven’t said a word till that moment), and ask for candies. For everyone, the Christmas-eve gives them a present through a wonderful story.
Everyone like festival, isn’t it wonderful if we have more of it I like to spend the traditional festivals with my family, because for me, that is family time.
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