2009届高考英语考前指导(江苏)

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名称 2009届高考英语考前指导(江苏)
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更新时间 2009-05-27 00:00:00

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(共138张PPT)
江苏省泗阳中学
泗水王妃
1 相信上苍肯定会赐福于你,天生我才必有用
2 相信你自己的力量!肯定能在高考中考好
3. 高考就像农民到了麦收,尽管辛苦,但不管怎样也终究是一种收获。尽量去考,没必要患得患失。
4 如果有些紧张,就告诉自己:“紧张”实际上也是一种兴奋,也有利于发挥。适当的紧张是正常的和必要的。
5. 大胆去考,告诉自己绝对没有必要害怕,万一失败大不了从头再来。
6. 万一晚上睡不着,就自己默念:“躺着闭目养神,也是很好的休息。”
听力:
要抓住要素
1.语速特点:听力部分的朗读速度约为每分钟42~45个单词,低于或相当于高中英语教学大纲中规定的语速。
2.语音特点:在高考英语的考试说明中,并没有对听力部分的语音做出任何规定。这两年高考英语听力试题一般都是美音。但是语言学习一定要体现出其真实性、交际性和实用性。所以,以后的听力部分肯定也会出现英音,澳大利亚式英语发音,甚至还会有背景音。
3.内容特点:来源于生活,体现生活,和我们日常生活有密切联系。具体涉及到的话题有:问路,购物,助人,询问时间,问候,新闻,约会,打电话等等。话题的内容基本上都是在教学大纲规定的高中生英语知识与能力要求的范围内。
听力考试部分的特点:
答题前,一定要有足够的时间去阅读试题。(在进行听力测试前,最好不要做其它题目)读好试题是听力测试成功的一半。在听的过程中,要抓住与问题相关的关键词(如but, however, so, nevertheless等),要特别注意情景、说话者的角色和简单的数量关系等,其余主要是细节问题了。答题时,相当一些试题与同义词或反义词的转换有关,如录音中是dear,选择项中可能是expensive或not cheap了。做题思路:快读---预测---精听---巧记---细选。
在播放试音部分时,不要力求完全听懂,只要求迅速适应播音者的语音语速即可。
在进入考试后,可以说开始的5分钟是最重要的。根据历年经验,考生在前五个听力小题上失分过多。真正的原因在于,这些题只读一遍,考生心神不定,第1个听不清,稍作迟疑,第2个又过去了。因此,最好的办法是,听清一个做一个,不在听不清处纠缠;不求全部拿下,但求能拿下的必须拿下。这样,你就会尽可能多得分。1—5不紧张,6—8不放松,9—10紧跟上,要顾后。
总之, 考听力要充分利用听录音前的时间和听各段对话之间的停顿时间速读一遍题目和全部选项,然后边听、边理解、边记录(关键词或数据)、边推测、边选择。在听语篇时要抓住要素即人物、事件、时间、地点,以便较好地理解和回忆全“篇”故事,保持良好的心态,切忌因急躁而影响听后面的内容。
单项选择:
要注意微型语境
该题型将进一步贯彻“语法问题是具体语境中的具体问题” 命题原则。近两年的试题在考查语法,词汇和习语时,注意到了知识的覆盖面,综合考查了同学们在一定语境中运用知识的能力。题目绝大部分都有明确的语境设置,几乎没有单纯靠记忆语法规则或词汇知识就能做出选择的试题,而且绝大部分题干都设置有微型语境。同学们除了复习词汇和语法知识之外,还要注意归纳英汉两种文化的差异,熟悉所学的习惯用法,做题时要注意语言的灵活性和得体性。
在做选择题时,一定要注意“第一印象”,不要轻易改动。遇到不太确定的情况时,要用好“排除法”,“逆向法”,特别是当生词太多或语法不清楚时。(在整篇试题中A、B、C、D答案的出现频率几乎均等)
单项填空考查知识的运用。复习时,首先要明确高考要点,动词的时态、语态、语气、非谓语动词、情态动词、连词、代词、比较级、交际用语、同义词、近义词辨析、复合句、强调句等。还有一些语言点,如:倒装句、省略、反义疑问句等,虽然不是高考热点,但对于其中使用性强的一定要掌握;二是,针对高考知识的考查增加口语情境化因素的特点,复习时,要注意"词不离句,句不离文",注意在特定的语境中,词语和语法的灵活应用。
完型填空:
要注重情节发展的内在联系及词语运用能力
从近几年的高考题型来看,该题型趋向于淡化语法知识,侧重于语境、篇章,讲究整体理解和体现语言运用的考查,而且所选文章特别关注内容情节发展的内在联系及词语运用能力,进一步加强对语义的理解和领悟考核。同学们在答题时务必通读全文,通常情况下一篇完型填空必有几处答案难以确定。在推敲疑点时要紧扣文意情景,从上下文中寻找线索,根据事实进行排队。
完型填空的四个选项一般都学过,没有学过的字很少,但是近年来有这样一种情形,就是把短语也算作实意动词出现在选项当中,短语就有可能出现词学过,但是搭配是有新的含义。如果遇到了这种短语不认识的情景,别的选项又明显是错误的时候,我们就选以短语为主要特点的选项。
最后要通读一遍,使答案填入后的句子在结构和意思都能上下连贯。
完形填空的训练要科学,注意掌握解题方法。首先要通读全文,了解大意,然后边读边选,要"上下求索寻信息,左顾右盼找联系,前呼后应谐主题",最后带着选项再复读校正,看全文是否前后一致。完形填空不从语法的角度去测试,而强调文段的整体理解和把握。每个空的四个选项词性一样,单从语法看,每个选项都可入选,但从语篇要求看,只有一个符合语意的选项或最佳选项。总之,做好完形填空题首先要完其意,才能完其形。
完形填空命题趋势与备考策略
一、考点提示
1.以语篇为载体,测试语言知识和语言能力。
设空注重在语境中考查词义。这一特点,很好地反映了从重点测试语言形式转向重点测试语言意义的改革方向,反映了“强调应用,注重交际”的命题原则。完形填空题的4个备选答案,一般都属于同一词类,同一语义范畴,而且往往都和设空前后的单词形成某种搭配,这样便形成了很强的迷惑性和干扰性。
2、以意义填空为主。
试题在着重考查学生阅读理解能力的前提下,兼顾对语言知识、常识、逻辑推理能力的考查。所设选项一般都符合语言规范,且词类基本相同。比如说,当答案是过去式went时,另三个干扰项也为动词的过去式,而不是动词go的其它形式。
3、设空的分类。
设空的答案有的由一个句子决定,有的由相邻不远的一组句子决定,还有的由语篇内容综合决定。因此,设空分为:句子层次;句组层次;语篇层次。设空的答案有的由已读过的上文决定,有的由未读过的下文决定,还有的要综合上下文而定。所以设空又可分为三类:(1)前制性设空;(2)后制性设空;(3)语篇性设空。不言而喻,前制性设空难度低,后制性设空难度较高,语篇性设空难度最高。一般说来,三个层次的设空比例各占三分之一。但是,从近年来的高考试题看,语篇层次设空的比例有所增加,超过了三分之一,反映出“突出语篇”的命题思路。
完形填空题有三个难点:
一是4个备选项有很强的迷惑性和干扰性;二是句组层次和语篇层次设空所占的比例高,超过三分之二,尤其是语篇性设空所占的比例超过三分之一;三是后制性设空,尤其是语篇层次后制性设空,难度大。有的答案提示一直到篇末才出现。考生要逾越这些难点,不仅需要具备熟练扎实的词句知识,而且需要具备很强的阅读理解能力以及逻辑推理、判断分析的能力。从深层来讲还要具备良好的语言经验和自觉的语言意识。只有具备了这些综合素质,考生才能顺利“完形”。从历年高考试题看,正是由于试题的这些特点使这一题型体现了很好的区分度。
4、降低对单词本身词义的考查要求,注重考查对全文意义的理解。
备选项中所涉及的词汇基本上都是常见的初级词汇。
5、正确答案通常是从短文中挖掉的那个词或短语,而干扰项则应是正确答案的干扰项,绝不允许干扰项成为干扰项的干扰项。
6、备选项的构成以单个词为主,词组或短语基本没有。
为了让考生迅速进入主题,为理解文章奠定基础,命题者在设计完形填空题时,总是保留一个完整或基本完整的句子不设空。这个不设空的句子就是提示句,往往出现在文章的开头。通过提示句,考生可以确定文章的话题、主题、背景、人物、时间、地点、事件等,也可以确定文体,从而适当地把握文章的发展方向,达到顺利“完形”的目的。文章的其余部分也可能出现一些不设空的句子,或者即使设空、但主干信息仍然能够读懂的句子,也可以作为提示句。
备考策略
在复习阶段:首先要熟练地掌握学过的全部语法知识,牢记习惯用法,特别是动词短语;注意对动词、名词、形容词、副词等词汇意义的真正理解,要懂得词汇的内含、外延、褒贬及一定的修辞色彩;注意它们的同义词、近义词、反义词及其辨析;其次要有计划地多做一些完形填空的练习,多阅读一些短文,增强英文阅读能力,提高理解能力。
一、完形填空要考查的几个方面:
1.根据上下文语境来确定最佳选项近年来的完形填空试题在选项的设置上越来越淡化语法结构,重在文意的干扰,即把具体的语言知识溶进具体的语言情景中去,考查考生通过上下文的前后提示或暗示,对整体文意进行把握的能力。这种考查方式所占的比例较大,且难度也大,若单纯从句子或个别段落来分析,或许所给的四个答案在语法和结构上都是正确的,若放在全局,则不一定正确。因此,快速浏览全文,领悟文章主旨,通过上下文的语境来选择答案是解决这类题的关键。
例1: I climbed the stairs slowly, carrying a big suitcase, my father following with two more. By the time I got to the third floor, I was 1 and the same time feeling lonely. Worse still, Dad 2 a step and fell, sending my new suitcase 3 down the stairs. 1. A. helpless B. lazy C. anxious D. tired 2. A. took B. minded C. missed D. picked 3. A. rolling B. passing C. dropping D. turning
分析:在把握上文“我提着衣箱缓慢地上楼梯”的情况下,可知1题答案为D. tired,即当我到达三楼时,已经很累了;再从爸爸“提着两只衣箱跟在我后面”以及下文的信息词“fell”可知此句的意思是:爸爸少跨了一步摔倒了,衣箱滚下了楼梯。因此2、3题的答案分别为C、A,尽管其它选项在语法上均无错误。
D. tired
C. missed
A. rolling
例2: But Ella Fant, who was filed with 1 , shouted at the top of her voice, 〝Look at 2 ﹗ They‘re all out of 3 except my John﹗ Isn’t he the best﹗〞 1. A. sadness B. happiness C. surprise D. regret 2. A. them B. those C. that D. him 3. A. sight B. order C. mind D. step
分析:考虑上下文的语境,第一个空的后边既然“是声嘶力竭的喊叫”就不能是A、D项,特别是通过最后一句Isn't he the best﹗推知母亲此时的感觉是“幸福”的。所以1题的答案选B。2题的答案选A. them是因为其后用了they're。3题通过全篇语境知道此时描述的游行队伍里一个人的步伐与其他人的不同,答案应与“步伐”有关,所以答案选D. step。
B. happiness
A. them
D. step
2. 根据生活常识及文化背景知识进行逻辑推理NMET完形填空往往以自身的内容提供完整的语篇信息,其间交织渗透着各类相关的文化背景知识和生活常识,考查考生灵活运用该方面知识的能力。解决这类题目,考生不仅要有广博的知识、丰富的生活经历,还要能够驾驭全文,不仅理解文章的表层意义,而且要弄清文章的深层意义。当对语言的把握不很准确时,可充分利用社会文化知识和生活常识来帮助判断。
例1: It was an early morning in summer. In the streets, sleepy-eyed people were moving quickly, heading towards their 1 . This was the beginning of another 2 day in New York City. 1. A. jobs B. homes C. buses D. offices 2. A. working B. hot  C. same  D. ordinary
分析:从信息词“early morning”和“sleepy-eyed”来判断,B. homes不符合逻辑,按生活经验,他们是去上班。这时有些考生也许会认为,既然上班,就要去“挤公交车”或“去办公室”。但上班的方式也有步行的、骑车的或坐地铁的,也有自己开车去的。人们上班有去农场的、煤矿的,还有去工厂车间的,不一定去办公室。因此,C. buses和D. offices不符合生活实际。1题只有A. jobs才是最合乎逻辑的选项,人们起床后,各自奔向自己的工作岗位。而这种情况是天天发生,是平平常常的,因此2题答案是D. ordinary。
A. jobs
D. ordinary
例2:Every morning she would give him breakfast 29 bed and bring him the papers to 30 . 29. A. to B. at C. in D. by 30. A. check B. read C. keep D. sign
分析:29题的答案是C,bed的前面应当用介词in。至于30题,就要用到相应的文化背景知识:外国人有早上读报的习惯,句中papers即报纸(newspapers)。这是理解文章细节的关键。有了这些文化背景知识,便可迅速推断出最佳选项B. read。因为生活中过分溺爱孩子的母亲,让儿子“在床上”吃早饭,“读”早报是很自然的事情,这也正与文章的主旨相吻合。
C. in
B. read
3. 根据词语的习惯用法和固定搭配来选择答案词的固定搭配,特别是动词的搭配在完形填空题中出现的比例也是比较大的,多数题目涉及到动词的用法和各种搭配关系,这是由动词在句子中的重要性决定的。动词在搭配关系上与名词、介词、副词的用法紧密相关。 解决这类题目要求考生多读、多记,对所学习语或固定搭配牢固掌握,并能灵活运用。?
例1:Mrs. Clark was 38 tea at the time. 38. A. cooking B. making C. burning D. serving
分析:从动词与名词的搭配关系角度考虑,“沏茶”用make tea, “上茶”用serve the tea,这是语言使用过程当中约定俗成的习惯用法,所以该题正确答案是B. making,考生也不应受汉语思维习惯的影响而误选A。
B. making
例2: The other day I was sitting in a small restaurant 1 a quiet drink and a talk with a few friends when it suddenly 2 me that almost everyone in the restaurant was smoking. It wasn’t long 3 the whole room was filled with smoke.
1. A. have B. had C. having D. have had
2. A. seemed B. struck C. sank D. showed
3. A. ago B. after C. before D. now2
分析:解题1选C,是因为它这里是表伴随。解题2选B是因为struck的意思有”使…想到”,其它几个意思不符,搭配也不合理。解题3选C,it isn‘t long before是一个固定搭配的句型。
C. having
B. struck
C. before
4. 根据词汇的意义及用法辨析词义从而确定答案完形填空题的考查虽然越来越淡化语法,但对语言点的考查依然存在,不过主要体现在词汇搭配和语义辨析两个方面。要做好这种题目,必须尽量将词语辨析与情节推理和逻辑推理结合起来,从词汇意义入手,抓住情节线索解决问题。
例1:Dad taught me a lot about life, especially its hard times. I remembered one of his 1 , one night when I was ready to quit (退出) a political campaign(运动)I was losing, and wrote about it in my diary. Tired, feeling the months of 2 , I went up to my study to make some notes. 1. A. classes B. advice C. lessons D. talks 2. A. struggle B. working C. battle D. defence
分析:class(课,班级,阶级)advice(忠告,建议,不可数名词)lesson(课程,教训)talk(谈话,讲演),根据短文中提供的信息,应该是作者准备退出一场失败了的政治活动时,父亲“教训”了他一顿,所以1题的答案是C. lessons。2题的选项B. working(工作,劳动), D. defence(防卫,辩护)明显不合乎逻辑,A. struggle意为“斗争,战争”,C. battle是指大型战役中的小规模“战斗”。作者在这次政治活动中经历了数月的艰辛,为争取某种权利而进行了艰苦的“斗争”,根据文章的情节线索我们可以确定最佳选项是A。这两个题的解决都借助了词义的辨析,同时也离不开对短文情节发展的把握。
C. lessons
A. struggle
例2:She noticed how nervous he was and suggested he should stand near the stage where he could watch and follow the play.
It was a good 1 of getting rid of his nervousness, she said. She was right, it seemed to 2 .
A. idea B. way C. path D. plan
A. do B. win C. work D. act
分析:句中“她”注意到“他”很紧张,建议“他”观看表演以消除紧张。显然,“她”所建议的是一种消除紧张的“方法”。1题的四个选项A. idea(想法,意见) B. way(路线,方法) C. path(小路,路线) D. plan(计划,规划) 中只有B选项有此含义,无疑是最佳答案。紧接下来的一句话是“她说得对,这个方法似乎有效。”2 题的四个选项A.do(做,尽力) B. win(获胜,夺得)C. work(工作,起作用) D. act(行动,表演)中只有C选项有“奏效”这个含义,自然应该是最佳答案。这两个题的解答也是在考虑上下文的前提下,从词汇意义入手的。
B. way
C. work
二、做完形填空题应从以下方面入手
(一)、首先要以很快的速度浏览全文,掌握文章的主旨,不要急于看选项。浏览全文时要重点了解文中所叙述的人物、时间、地点、事件,即who,when, where,what。完形填空命题的原则一般是第一句话不挖空,目的是使读者进入语境,因此一定要认真阅读这句话。  
(二)、根据故事情节的发展选词,确定所填的词与文中哪个词有关系以及动作是在什么场合发生的。
(三)、试填之后将所选定的词放到文章中复读检查。(“字面译、通逻辑、搞代入、全文译”)
具体操作中应注意的问题
1. 看清上下文,找准定位词充分利用文章的上下文和前后句,找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。例如:
1)Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very Very_____. A. deep B. high C. cold D. dangerous
2)Mrs O’Neill asked_____questions and she didn’t scold us either.
 A. no B. certain C. many D. more
分析:1.根据转折连词but的提示,所填入的词应与shallow相反,因此答案为A。
2. and是一个并列连词;either为副词,用在否定句或否定词后加强语势,由此可以确定所填的词也应是一个否定意义的词,因此答案是A。
A. deep
A. no
2. 通顺逻辑,寻求搭配
注意固定的搭配,包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等,同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。例如:
Here’s a fellow who just walked into a bank and helped himself_____so much money.
A. for B. by C. to D. of
分析: 表示“自取,随便拿”这个意义的短语是help oneself to…?故答案为C。
C. to
3. 扎实基础,搞清辨异
Soon I heard a_____like that of a door burst in and then a climb of feet.
A. sound B. cry C. voice D. shout
A. sound
分析: 选项中的四个词都表示不同的声音,但B,C,D项的三个词都是指从嗓子里发出的声音,而sound则表示各种各样的声音。因此答案是A。
4. 看清执行者,确定所选词
And video cameras can be used to_____people’s actions at home.
A. keep B. make C. record D. watch
分析: 句中动作的发出者是video cameras?因此答案是 C,意思是“记录”。
5. 寻求上下逻辑,从容确定关系
It has been many years since I was last in London?_____I still remember something that happened during that visit.
A. and B. for C. but D. as
分析: 根据句前的many years和句后的still remember答案应选表示转折的连词but.
C. but
 6. 了解生活常识,确定相关知识
(Immediately) the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to the_____hospital.
A. animal B. biggest C. plant D. nearest
D. nearest
分析: 在这样的紧急情况下,人们的第一个反应是到最近的医院就医,因此答案为D。
三、解此类题主要从以下四步做起: 第一步  重视首句,把握开篇。完形填空一般无标题,首句一般不留空白,是完整的一句,全文信息从此开始。细读首句,可判断文章体裁,预测全文大意和主旨。 第二步  速读全文,掌握大意。速读全文要一气呵成,尽管有空格、生词或不明白的地方,仍要快速读下去。读时要注意找出关键词、中心词,划出某些代表人物和情节的词,以便于形成思路。要注意不要在未掌握大意的基础上,边阅读,边做题,这样速度慢、准确率低。
第三步  瞻前顾后,灵活答题。“瞻前顾后”,即先读所填词的句子,回顾上一句,兼顾下一句。如果一句中有两个空白待填,在初定答案时要“双管齐下”,在两处同时试填,然后通读全句,确定答案。答题方法:1)择优法:根据文章及结构边读边填,如果能够立刻判定最佳答案的,不必再去逐个考证其余答案。2)排除法:如答案一时难以确定,可按空格位置,从语法结构、词语搭配、上下文语境、习惯用法、词义辨析等方面,对选项逐项分析试填。排除干扰项,从而确定正确答案。
第四步  复核全文,调整答案。把填好的短文通读一遍,进行核查同时注意以下三点: 1.上下文的一致性:即时态语态的一致;代词、名词、单复数的一致。 2.从语法和惯用法及习惯搭配、甚至语感入手,看是否符合上下文的逻辑。 3.段与段、句与句之间的衔接是否连贯。 这次复核至关重要,常能纠正一两处甚至多处错误。同时对极难确定的答案,也要凭语感任猜一个,决不可不选。
根据以上方法确定所选的词。
 Harry Field also studying biology said they wanted to make as much 1 as possible to force the 2 to realize what everybody was having to 3 .
 1. A. effort B. time C. trouble D. noise 2. A. townpeople B. other students C. government officials D. truck drivers 3. A. stand B. accept C. know D. share
D. noise
C. government officials
A. stand
做题三忌:
急于求成,未通读全文便忙于答题,不了解文意,无整体概念边读边填,两眼忙于空白与选项之间,欲速则不达。
只抠字眼,语法,不顾文意,抓不住关键。
断章取义,就题论题,不管前后联系,互不照应,前后矛盾。
一、语法
This autumn was the wettest since
records began in the U.K. Floods _____
large parts of the country.
A. covered   B. covered by
C. covered with D. rushed away
A. covered
二、语法 + 常识
More and more factories pump CO2 into
the air , and atmosphere across the world
_______.
A. burns B. hot C. warm D. heats up
D. heats up
三、四个答案对比
In Australia folds(羊栏) have covered an
area the_____ of the whole of the Britain .
A. width B. large C. length D. size
D. size
四、翻译:
The village of Yaluma 1 in the mountains
of Chipas, a province of Southern Mexico.
2 people are many Indians.
1. A. lies B. place C. lays D. soon
2. A. Their B. It’s C. Its D. Its’
A. lies
C. Its
Rock stars’ admirers (崇拜者)who love rock
music 1 about a billion dollars a year for
records. They pay 150 million to 2 rock
stars in person (亲自).
1. A. take B. cost C. waste D. spend
2. A. meet B. interview C. call D. see
D. spend
D. see
五、连接词
★They are some of the poorest people
in a poverty stricken country. ____
now they have an extra source of
income (收入).
A. But B. And
C. However D. Therefore
A. But
★ Rock stars’ admirers who
love rock music spend about a billion
dollars a year for records. In 1956,
Mclean , 1 wrote and sang
“American Pie” , 2 he earns
an additional two cents on every
single 3 of the song.
1. A. who B. he C. that D. as
2. A. and B. but C. so D. yet
3. A. copy B. record
C. singing D. performance
A. who
C. so
B. record
★ Many rock stars 1 like Grace Slick
and Jefferson. Those performers return
from a tour, pay their bills, and buy new
toys. 2 when they need money again ,
they do another 3 . They save 4__
money and live from hand to mouth.
1. A. play B. live C. perform D. behave
2. A. But B. Then C. And D. So
3. trip B. tour C. travel D. journey
3. A. no B. much C. some D. plenty
B. live
B. Then
B. tour
A. no
★English people seem very quiet ____
reserved (缄默的), usually.
A. though B. and C. even D. but
★It was just getting dark; there was
a touch of fog and I was on a lonely
stretch of road. _____ I was going
along cheerfully.
A. But B. And
C. Otherwise D. So
B. and
A. But
One evening Jackie was on his way home
from the railway station. When he turned
round a 1 he heard footsteps behind him
and he thought 2 was coming near.
He began to walk 3 . The footsteps became
faster, too. He slowed down. The footsteps
also 4 down.
1. A. corner B. park C. street D. way
2. A. no one B. someone
C. anyone D. everyone
3. A. slowly B. more slowly C. fast D. faster
4. A. put B. slowed C. became D. turned
六、词组与翻译
★In 1990 , leader of all big nations met
in Japan and agreed to reduce 1 CO2
they put into the atmosphere. Ten years
2 , in Nov. 2000, they met again in
Holland to assess ( 评估 ) the situation
and decided what to do next.
1, A. many B. a number of
C. the amount of D. a good many
2. A. after B. late C. later D. soon
★……. But I was going along
cheerfully, thinking about the dinner
I would eat when I 36 to
Salisbury.
36. A. reached B. arrived
C. got D. led
七、比较四个答案,翻译文章
Projects (工程) 1 this go over under the
name of “ Carbon Trading”. The basic 2 is
that governments and companies can buy
the 3 to pump CO2 into the air by investing
( 投资)in green 4 that take it out again.
1. A. as B. like C. the same as D. except
2. A. fact B. meanings C. idea D. things
3. A. forests B. projects C. right D. debt
4. A. projects B. plants C. materials D. trees
八、前提示
Young people are spending unbelievable
sums of money to listen to rock music.
At least fifty _______ stars have incomes
between two million and six million
dollars per year.
A. film B. rock C. jazz D. movie
★Neil Young who performs 1 torn
blue jeans, sometimes sings to an
audience of 10,000,each of whom has
paid five dollars for a ticket. 2 paying
expenses, Young leaves with about
$18,000 in his blue 3 at the end of
an evening.
1. A. in B. with C. for D. on
2. A. Before B.Beside C. After D. Except
3. A. shirt B. trousers C. coat D. jeans
九、抓住主要信息词(主体---核心) ,
比较四个答案,最后排除不可能的选项。
“It doesn’t make 1 ,” said one of he older
music millionaires, who made a million
dollars a year when he was popular ,
in the 1950s. “performers aren’t worth
this kind of money. In fact, 2 is.”
1. A. efforts B. progress C. sense D. money
2. A. everybody B. nobody
C. somebody D. anybody
十、形容词的选择(并列连词的作用)
★If we make a noise on the bus they
look _____ and uncomfortable .
A. untouched B. worried
C, moved D. excited
★Hellen was an old teacher with a
warm smile and _____eyes.
A. bursting B. freezing
C. friendly D. lively
十一、后暗示
In this __1__, professors always take
every opportunity to push textbooks
aside and expose students to real
___2__.
1. A. classroom B. means
C. university D. hall
2. A. facts B. lessons
C. adventures D. experiences
He was sure that he was being followed.
He tried to hide, 1 the steps followed
him. He didn’t know 2 to save himself.
6. A. Still B. Sometimes
C. Often D. Seldom
7. A. when B. where
C. why D. how
①….I raised the pistol and fired. The
animal fell backwards with an angry cry.
Father took the _______ smoking pistol
from my hand , and fired another shot,
which killed the gorilla.
A. still B. yet C. even D. already
②He certainly looked the part all
right, he thought as he admired himself
in the mirror. He _______ thought of
going out into the street to see whether
he could pass as a policeman out
there…..
A. just B. even
C. still D. already
③The shop had to agree. They knew that no fire on earth can ________ damage a perfect diamond.
A. almost B. even C. just D. ever
④….At times, he would turn, sit down , and _______ go on his knees.
A. almost B. even
C. often D. rather
⑤….After a hard day in the laboratory,
she goes home. There she plays with her toys.
She ______ enjoys watching television
before going to bed.
A. quite B. already
C. even D. still
⑥……..Thirty years after being
introduced to Macaulay’s words,
they ______ seem to me the best
yardstick (码尺), because they give
us a way to measure ourselves rather
than others .
A. even B. still
C. always D. almost
⑦…….First of all he was a window-cleaner
and in his first week he managed to break
at least six windows. He ______ lost his job
as a postman because he sent off all the
letters when he should have taken them to
people’s houses…..
A. thus B. even C. once D. only
⑧…….Finally I turned the key in the lock
and pushed the door open, with Dad ______
complaining (抱怨 ) about a
hurting knee or something….
  A. yet   B. only
  C. even D. still
⑨The native people said they knew of this animal and called it the “ Yeti” , and they said that they had _____ caught Yeti on two occasions (场面 )
though none has ever been produced as evidence (证据 ).
A. even B. hardly
C. certainly D. probably
Students generally appreciate ( 认可 ) these
special 50 opportunities (机会) . They are
almost always fun and interesting , and
professors 51 them too because students
learn so much in just a few short months.
50. A. working B, living
C. teaching D. learning
51. A. hold B. like
C. dislike D. discover
十二、逻辑推理
十三、关连词的重要性
No one denies the 1 of classroom learning. But it can only take the students this 2 . Slides and textbooks may do a good job of carrying facts and details, but creativity of thought cannot be 3 . They can only be developed through 4 experience.
1. A. deed B. value C. effect D. success
2. A. far B. long C. way D. direction
3. A. got B, found C. taught D. practiced
4. A. self-educated B. self -service
C. first-hand D. up -to -date
十四、抓住中心意思-----
围绕什么话题
(在文章中出现频率最多的词)
Every Thursday afternoon, my art history class meets not in our usual lecture hall but in our university Art Museum. We spend our one-hour class discussing two or three of the 1 , many of which are by artists that we have already studied in class.
1. A. subjects B. paintings
C. speeches D. lectures
The professor begins by selecting one 2 of art. After giving us a quick background on the artist , he will open up for class 3 .
2. A. book B. passage
C. text D. work
3. A. discussion B. activity
C. argument D. consideration
Everyone is encouraged to give 4 on the work. Not every piece we study is 5 famous or striking in appearance and subject matter, yet we always manage to make some interesting observations.
4. A. questions B. ideas
C. comments D. thoughts
5. A. necessarily B. rather
C. nearly D. too
二、2009年高考完形填空预测
1.体裁将继续沿用夹叙夹议。
2.文章长度大约400词左右.
3.考查的词汇越来越丰富。
4.由考查单一理解向整篇理解发展。
5.选项设计中做衔接过渡或表示逻辑联系的用词可能增加。
6.部分省市有可能改变分值或减少一篇文章的设题数,如减少到10个或15个,分值变成10分或15分。但完形填空题不会被取消或取代。
三、完形填空解题思路与技巧
1.通读全文,领会大意
2.抓住线索,仔细推敲
①2007年全国卷Ⅱ完形填空
  We arrived in Spain for the first time a few weeks ago. I decided to 21 a car because we had sold the one we had in England before 22 home…根据21空后面所提供的线索...because we had sold the one可轻易得知21空应填写buy,再根据上文的线索We arrived in Spain也可知22空指的是“离开家庭”,因此本空选择leaving。
完形填空解题思路与技巧
②The boy left the room______, as he sobbed(抽泣)and said “I won't, Daddy”.
A. quietly B. sadly
C. happily D. excitedly
③“Someone said the school couldn't 41 a band, and they think it’s too noisy anyway.” added Daniel.(2007北京)
41 A. lead B. serve C. afford D. form
完形填空解题思路与技巧
3. 考虑背景,利用常识
④When I 41 from high school, I joined the navy. (2007福建)
41.A. came B. returned
C. escaped D. graduated
由常识可知参军必须是在中学毕业以后,因此此空填写graduated。(2007福建)
⑤…trying to help them deal with the long periods of 50 .
50.A.lessons B. meeting
C.training D. separation
上文谈到作者经常在自己的辖区为军人家属们作咨询,根据常识军人家属一般都要忍受与亲人长期分离的痛苦,因此这里选择separation。
完形填空解题思路与技巧
⑥The girl was able to 44 her birds to run across the grass, but she could not teach them to 45 . (2007全国卷Ⅰ)
44. A. ask B. lead C. want D. allow
45. A. fly B. race C. swim D. sing
解析:44.B.根据上文可知那女孩是被那几只野鹅当成妈妈了,因此她一点点地喂养和教这些鹅,渐渐地她能带着鹅顺着草地跑了,因此44空选择B;然后根据常识判断人是不能飞的,因此这小女孩也不可能教会鹅飞,故45空选择fly。
完形填空解题思路与技巧
4. 复读全文,核查答案
完形填空解题思路与技巧
综上所述,要做好一篇完形填空至少得经过三个步骤:
第一步通读全文;(粗读)
第二步细做完空; (细读)
第三步核对答案。 (研读)
阅读理解:
重在阅读速度、长句理解、词语推测
阅读理解题的特点是材料的选择强调真实性和体裁的多样化,如旅游、经济、 三农、国际化等话题,记叙、说明、议论、应用等文体。测试题有考查细节内容的理解,也有一些考查同学们能否把握作者的整体思路、推断作者的写作意图,或者是依据上下文推断单词或词组在一定语境中的含义等题目,甚至还会有要求推断语篇开始之前或者结束之后可能发生的事。通常你必须明白你所选择的答案是依据文中的那个词或句子而来。阅读时,要充分注意查找关键词和关键句。如果遇到大量生词,只要不影响对整篇文章的理解就跳过去,如要求猜测词义就通过上下文来猜,一定要保持良好的心态。
阅读理解
文章本身和所附问题共约2000-2200词
要求在35-40分钟左右完成
会有少量生词出现,有的注了中文,有的则需猜测
有的旧词是以新的意义出现的
不单考查语言而且考查对英美文化的了解
阅读时会碰到的十大语言难点(长句的结构、词义的辨别、连词、替代、后置定语、非谓语动词短语、省略、跳跃、各种否定、虚拟的运用)
所附问题可分四类(概括中心、推理判断、词义辨别、细节的理解)
主观题量逐年增加
第一篇不一定是最容易的一篇
阅读理解重点问题:
(1)考查主题思想或段落大意
1. The story mainly tells us ________.
2. From the passage we know that ________.
3. The writer wants to tell us ________.
4. The best title of this passage should be ________.
5. The main idea of Paragraph 1 is ________.
6. Paragraph 2 deals with ________.
7. The last paragraph ends the passage with an emphasis on ________.
8. What is the subject discussed in the text
9. Which of the following statements is best supported by the last paragraph
(2)推理判断测试题
1. We can infer from the passage ________.
2. From the passage, we can tell ________.
3. We can conclude from the passage ________.
4. What probably happened in the end
5. When he said, “…”, he meant ________.
6. This passage would most likely to be found in ________.
(3)考查文章细节理解的测试题
1. The right order which tells the story is ________.
2. Choose the right order of the events given in the following.
3. Which of the following maps shows the right position of ….
4. Which statement is true
(4)考查理解作者写作意图的测试题
1. This article is particularly written for ________.
2. When the writer says … he really means ________.
3. The author’s attitude to… is that ________.
4. What kind of atmosphere does the writer want to create in this passage
5. The writer regards… as ________.
6. The writer’s purpose in writing this story is ________.
(5)猜测词义,常见的题干有
1. The word… in paragraph… refers to ________.
2. The underlined word “…” means ________.
3. The word “…” could be replaced by ________.
4.Which of the following words can take the place of …
1.细节理解题解题技巧:  
  这类试题考查考生对文中某一细节或重要事实的辨认、理解。因此,考生应该首先阅读短文(特别是广告、说明文等)后面的问题,找出“key words”,确定所需查找的细节及事实的范围,然后利用略读手法快速确定文中的出处,并对其进行转换、加工,直至确定最佳答案。
2.主旨判断题解题技巧:   
  主旨判断题的范围一般包括:短文标题、主题、大意或段落大意等。做这类题目时,要迅速地剔除文中的细节事实、作者所使用的论据,找到各段的主题句,然后进行归纳、总结和概括。但要注意:概括出来的中心意思一定要能够覆盖全文或整个段落,绝对不可离题太远、太笼统,或者只概括一段或几句话的意思。   
 3.推理判断题解题技巧:   
  推理判断题属于主观性极强的高层次阅读理解题。做这类题目时,要严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词,找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感彩的词语,然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断,从而得出符合逻辑的结论。应注意:当问及作者的看法、意图与态度时,不是在问你作为中国学生的想法,而是作者本人在字里行间所表述的观点。
应试要点
先将文章大概扫读一遍,再行阅读
如有标题,应仔细看,它与全文中心有关
遇有生词又猜不出意思,跳过去继续看
每段的首句尾句常与本段中心有关
概括全文中心意思要包括各段内容
猜词要依据原文上下文来确定
infer是指原文没有明说但可猜出之意
推理判断要以作者态度为准
有的题可根据常识理解
找具体信息时用跳读的技术
概括中心时用掠读的技术
答题时要看清题目要求,四个选项都要看
各类文章有不同特点,议论文要注意论点论据,记叙文要注意几个wh
不改变以往做题习惯,先看题还是先看文章各有利弊
众所周知,“从易到难”是我们每个同学应遵循的原则。所以在做阅读理解时,不必拘泥于试卷所呈现的语篇顺序。(难度排序:D.C.E.B.A.做题顺序可为:A.B.E.C.D)
可以先做广告或新闻报道类的应用文篇目。因为应用文阅读属于信息性阅读,主要目的在于获取某方面的信息,其试题大多数是客观性较强的表层理解题,比较容易直接在文章中找到答案。先做这类试题,能给自己增添信心,为顺利完成后面的试题打下良好的基础。同时,也可以省出时间来回答其他更复杂的问题。
接着做人物、故事等类的记叙文。这类篇目中既有客观性较强的表层理解题,也有主观性较强的深层理解题,需要花费较多的时间进行推理、判断。
最后,再做科普类的说明文。因为这类篇目中的生词量相对较大,句式也较复杂,需要用更多的时间去完成相关题目。
考生的猜词技巧是高考英语“阅读理解题”考查的一个重要方面,《教学大纲》和《考试说明》明确要求考生能读懂生词率不超过3%的阅读材料。考生常用的猜词技巧有:   
  1.根据合成、转化、派生等构词法知识猜测词义;
  2.根据上下文中的同义词、反义词猜测词义;
  3.利用上下文中的定语、同位语等猜测词义;  
  4.利用作者的解释、注释等猜测词义;   
  5.利用上下文中表示对比关系的词语,如: while、but、rather than、far from等判断词义。   
任务型阅读
把握文章结构
词形转换
一.填空前
1.观察表格,大致了解文章结构,明了阅读任务。表格设置体现了文章的结构,有的文章或是表格的标题都会对有助于整个文章的理解,有的表格的子项目对概括总结有暗示,有些题目观察表格就可以确定答案。
Title: (1)_______________cards
Types (3)________________ Disadvantages Similarities
IC Chip Cards A larger memory &
Better (4)___________
Hold data Not mentioned Popularity
Large (10) ____
Low cost of
cards
Optical (2)______
cards Store much data
Good for (5)_________
Drivers and (6)_______
to keep records
(7)______ not much (8)________ data
No processors
Expensive card
(9)___________
Q:你知道(3)_______填什么吗?
Advantages
Third-generation mobile phones (3G mobile phones)
(1) ___________ a. Data speed: (2) ______________ than present technology
b. Video and (3) _____ music
c. Video news programs: (4) ________ four times a day
d. Internet access: quicker and (5) __________
Impressive functions a. Offer (6) __________ services, helping you find your way
b. Provide two-way video (7) ____________
3G phones in China a. China is busy (8) ________ its 3G-based technologies, networks and services.
b. 3G phones should go through a (9) _______ period before being put into market.
c. 3G phones are expected to be seen (10) _______ next year.
Q; 你能看出(1)_____ 的答案吗?
Advantages
二.填词中
(1) 通览全文,利用表格提示,准确地在文中找到答案的信息来源。
要特别注意文章的标题,归纳每段话的主题句。
Different (1) _______ Someone is in (2)_________of giving pocket money.
Someone (3)________the right way of children spending pocket money
Reasons for (4)______ giving pocket money Children buy necessities on their (5)_________
Parents don’t have to (6)_________children when they buy things.
Reasons (7)______ children spending pocket money Children don’t know how to use money(8)________
Children may waste money buying things that may be (9)________ to them.
A possible (10)___________to the problem
Parents may give children a certain amount of money and teach them to cherish money and use it in a proper way.
Q1。通过观察表格,你知道(1)______ 填什么吗?
Q2。你还能推测出(7)______ 的答案吗?
Q3。你能不能根据搭配和表格的结构,猜测到(2)________ (5)_______
opinions
against
favor
own
(2) 选词要尽可能完整准确地表达出文中信息。 先确定词意, 再确定词性,最后所选词的适当的词形变化:
动词: 要注意时态,语态,数; 名词: 要注意单复数;
形容词副词: 要注意各自不同的修饰功能,比较级、最高级;
连词: 要注意行文的逻辑关系
Taking a gap year and going to university offer valuable experience in similar ways:…
Why taking a gap year is worthwhile for the (1)________you can do in the (2)_______in which you work
for your own personal (3)________
(4)____________between taking a gap year and going to universities both develop your personal(5)________,
social skills, the ability to cope on your own, your (6)_____ of experiences and (7)_____understanding
Fears and concerns …
可以看出来(4)__________
Similarities
部分概括性词:
reasons causes results effects consequences advice suggestions opinions problems measures solutions ways features characteristics advantages target disadvantages differences similarities types forms names event purpose analysis
三、填词后
通读表格
1. 再次确保答案与表格内容的一致性,形式是否正确。
2. 注意语意是否流畅
备考策略
一、系统复习语法,掌握扎实的基础知识
掌握扎实的英语语言知识是顺利完成阅读任务的基础,特别是有些英语表达与中国人的思维习惯不相同。因此,只有真正掌握了阅读材料中的字、词、句式以及一些字词句的背景知识,才能灵活运用于阅读材料,才能做到成竹于胸。
二、增加阅读量,培养良好的阅读习惯
为了拓展我们的阅读面,养成英语阅读的习惯。我们可以读一些英文小故事、幽默、笑话,或者篇幅较长的简易英文读物;如果条件许可的话,还可开展一些读书活动,如everyday report、英文故事会、朗诵会、戏剧表演、介绍英语时事新闻等。同时,针对不同的阅读材料,使用扫读、略读等不同阅读技巧。
书面表达:
审题、列提纲很重要
  高考英语作文主要是以文章内容、语言、逻辑、字数等作为评分依据。从阅卷的情况来看,教师们更多地从整体上把握整篇文章,比较侧重语言文字的运用,但这并不意味着同学们要刻意写一些花哨的东西。只要把在课本上出现的、老师讲过的、加上自己课外获得的知识真实地反映出来就可以了。那么,英语写作应注意什么问题呢?
  首先,要注意审题。既“三审”:审体裁,审人称,审时态。其次,数要点,要对写什么(作文内容或要点),怎么写(行文和语言)在头脑里面必须有一个清晰的思路。从阅卷的情况来看,很多考生动笔就写,发现错误后,不得不进行修改。由于不准使用涂改液和胶带,致使卷面多处涂改,严重影响卷面整洁,也影响了考生的实际成绩。
再次,连词成句.考生应该从遣词造句角度多下工夫。从词语上,尽可能运用已经学过的而且比较熟悉的词组、短语或成语;从句式上,力求变换各种句式,如强调句、倒装句、各种从句和固定句型等,长句和短句交错使用;英语和汉语中都有一词多义的现象,写作时同样的意思,考生应该尽可能用多种方法翻译,然后找出一个最佳表达。必须注意的是,考生一定不要片面追求花哨文字,拼凑一些错误百出的英语词句,使自己的成绩大打折扣。只要在确保没有错误的前提下作一些适当发挥即可。
例如:
1.He came here at 5 p.m. yesterday.(一般)
2.He did not come here until 5 p.m.
yesterday.(否定)
3.Not until/till 5 p.m. did he come here
yesterday.(倒装)
4.It was not until/till 5 p.m. that he came here
yesterday.(强调句)
最后,行文连贯是阅卷教师比较看重的一个方面。为了使文章结构严密,增强说服力和感染力,考生应该在句与句之间,恰当地使用一些过渡性词语。常见的有:
列举:for example、for instance、that is to say 
补充:besides、in addition、moreover
对比:on the other hand、in spite of
原因:because of、thanks to、due to、owing to
结果:therefore、thus、as a result、so
结论:to conclude、in a word、in brief、to sum up
转折:however、nevertheless、yet
另外,考生很容易出现句与句之间不使用连接词的错误,这是英语写作中的大忌。我们一定要牢记使用连接词。
例: We are good friends and we should help each
other.(并列连词)
  As we are good friends,we should help each
other.(从属连词)
  Being good friends,we should help each
other.(非谓语动词)
  When he was young,his father died in the civil
war,but he didn't lose heart.(从属/转折连词)   
写人
She is a girl of twelve years old.
She is tall and slim with big eyes and curly hair.
Being kind and helpful, she always enjoys helping others out.
In her spare time, she spends much time listening to music and reading novels.
She gets on well with almost anyone and is always welcome wherever she goes.
介绍某地
Shandong Province lies in the north of China.
It is rich in many kinds of natural resources, such as coal and petrol.
It has a population of 23 million.
It is terribly cold in winter and very hot in summer there.
The people there are friendly and hardworking and their hospitality will never fail to give you a deep impression.
通知用语
Attention, please!/ May I have your attention, please!
The sports meet to be held tomorrow is canceled due to the bad weather.
A meeting is to be held in Room 203 at two o’clock tomorrow afternoon.
Please take a pen and notebook with you and be there on time.
That’s all, thank you!
写信
Dear Tom, I’m very glad to receive your
letter.
I am fine but very busy recently, learning
English.
I have been strictly following the advice
given by you in your last letter and
have made some progress so far.
Please remember me to your parents.
Yours truly, Li Ming
常用句式
记事
At first he didn’t hear anything at all.
But then a sudden knock on the door woke him up.
Following that came a man’s voice, saying, “Come out, or I will break in!”
Several minutes later, he heard someone leave.
Finally he got up, opened the door and looked around.
议论
In my opinion, I prefer traveling by train
rather than by plane.
For one thing, a train ticket is much
cheaper than a plane ticket.
For another, you can enjoy the beautiful
views outside the train window.
Above all, it’s safer traveling on a train
than traveling in a plane.
In a word, I will always travel by train if
I’m not in a great hurry.
最后,考生应该把写完的作文阅读两遍,认真检查是否有拼写方面的错误,是否有时态、语态方面的错误,是否存在中式英语等等。(由于不准使用涂改液或胶带,所以在下笔之前,最好打草稿,特别是重点句子)
要提醒大家,一定要注意书写清楚、规范。2009年《考试说明》中的写作评分标准规定,“如书写较差,以至影响交际,将分数降低一个档次(5分)”。
写在最后的话
答题应遵循先易后难的原则。一份高质量的试卷,在难度的设置上应该有一定的坡度,“入手容易深入难”是高考命题工作的一个原则。同学们拿到试卷以后,应该迅速浏览试卷,看试卷是否有分发和印刷错误,是否有漏印或缺页的问题,并初步了解考试内容和难度。高考命题难易比例是: 5(容易题)∶3(中档题)∶2(难题),80%的试题属于中等难度以下的题目或者说是基础题,英语命题难易原则也不例外。
关于先易后难的原则,同学们应该自己掌握,因为每个人的擅长之处是不一样的。但有一点要注意,不要在某一道题或者分值较小的题目上花过多的时间,既准又快是先易后难原则的具体体现。
要十分重视第一印象( first impression)。心理学表明,考生在接触试题时大脑皮层处于高度兴奋状态,对新事物的反应灵敏,容易迅速做出决定。经验表明,第一感觉的正确率在80%以上,因此,不要轻易改动第一次做出的选择。在检查的时候,同学们不要按照第一次答题的角度去考虑,应该从另外一个角度去思考,没有充分、足够的理由不要推翻第一次的选择。
针对英语科目填涂答案多的特点,建议同学们在答题的过程中边做边涂(前提是不影响自己的答题速度)。不管怎样,同学们一定不要忘记在考试结束前10分钟左右涂完自己的机读卡,可以说此时已经是胜券在握,然后再利用剩余的时间检查没有把握的试题,对于有把握的答案就不要再浪费时间了。建议同学们第一次答题时,对于没有把握的试题答案应该用铅笔做一个标记,以示区别。
合理分配时间。2009年《考试说明》关于英语考试的时间已经做了明确建议,但是我们建议同学们应该在阅读理解上适当地多投入一点时间,因为阅读理解和完形填空两部分分值为70分,分值高,占试卷的50%。以往,很多同学在第二卷花时间比较少,有的作文写不完,有的只用不足10分钟时间随意写就,这都是应该注意的。
注意书写规范。2009年《考试说明》中“评分”规定:如书写较差,以至影响交际,将分数降低一个档次(5分)。从老师参加高考英语阅卷的经验来看,不少同学由于疏于审题,随意写就,仔细检查后,发现有诸多不妥之处,于是对原文修修补补,或在试卷上涂黑,或使用胶带,或使用涂改液,或随意连线画“地图”等等,都在不同程度上影响了自己的成绩。
个人建议
听力:每天听10分钟
单选:每天用10分钟查看错题
完形: 每天用15分钟选做一篇
阅读:每天至少读2篇(15分钟)
任务型阅读:每天用10分钟做一篇
书面表达:每天用5分钟思考一篇作文的写作思路
合计:每天用65分钟
2009高考