中考书面表达解题技巧和专项训练

中考书面表达解题技巧和专项训练18
中考写作主要考查学生能否比较得体的表述个人的见解和想法，是否具有清晰地描述事物和过程的能力。近年来，它以考生熟悉的生活题材为主，给考生一定的思维空间，只有掌握它的解题技巧，才能做到有的放矢，有备无患。
1．写作前要做好“两备”。捕捉信息，包括材料提示，写作要求、文体和词数等；列好提纲，把所写的内容理清思路，列成若干条，选好要用的人称、时态和词语。
2．写作中要做到“三要”。书写要规范认真；句子要多用熟悉的、符合英文习俗；不熟悉的词语要用同（近）义句替换。
3．写完后要做到“四查”。查内容是否符合题意、查句子是否流畅通顺、查语法是否有错误（包括时态、语态、单词拼写、大小写和标点等）、查词数是否符合要求。
【个案分析】假设你叫李磊，请你针对这封信的内容，给这位父亲写封回信，谈谈你的看法。要求：条例清楚，语义连贯，句式规范，字迹工整。词数80左右。
Dear editor,
I'm sorry to trouble you. I have a daughter. She is 13 years old. She likes making telephone calls. As soon as he gets back from school, she picks up the telephone and calls her classmates. She talks and talks, sometimes for 2 or 3 hours. We can't use it. I tell him not to do it, but she is unhappy. What should I do
A worried father
【步步点拨】
1、 本文主要谈如何纠正孩子爱打电话的问题，属于学生比较熟悉的话题。
2、 本文的格式是书信。特别要求学生注意称呼、正文、结束语和署名。
3、 问题的解决可从内因和外因两个方面出发。内因可以从学生的天职是学习去谈；外因可以去找老师，找同学的家长帮忙，也可以为她安装上部电话，让她付话费。
4、 本文属于论述文，要求在文章中有明确的观点，并用事例论证。
【例文品读】
Dear Sir,
Don't worry. You can have a word with her and tell her what to do. As a student, she must put her heart into the study. Making telephones too much is bad for her study. If she goes on doing it, you can tell it to her teachers. I think they can help you.
You can also find out whom your daughter calls up. You may ask their parents for help.
You may buy a telephone for her. She can make telephone calls with her own telephone, but she must pay for it by herself.
Yours,
Li Lei
Lin Ping
书面表达专项训练
（一）记叙文
A
Dear …, Thank You for Your Love
提示：在你的成长过程中，得到了家人、老师及朋友的关爱，你一定对他们心存感激。请你补全题目（如：Dear Mum, Thank You for Your Love），用英语写一篇短文，叙述他们所做的一件令你深深感动的事情，并表达你的感激之情。
要求：
1．根据所给题目写一篇短文；
2．词数不少于60个；
3. 语言流畅，书写规范，卷面整洁。文中不得使用真实人名、校名，否则以零分计。
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B
一说到考试，同学们总有讲不完的故事。在你的记忆中，那些发生在考场内外的故事，一定有使你至今感慨、难忘的吧 请以考试为话题，写一篇题为“An Unforgettable(难忘的)Experience”的短文。
以下提示词语可能对你有帮助(可根据需要选用)： final exam, mid-term exam, nervous, warm words, relax, confident, give the best performance(do well), fail,……
注意：100字左右；请不要使用真实姓名和所在学校名称。
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C
你班班委会决定将于6月18日上午举行初三离校前的最后一次班级活动。假如你是班长，请你根据表格中的活动内容，用英语写一篇短文，向你班外籍老师汇报这次活动的安排。短文的开头和结尾己给出。
时 间 内 容
8：00~9：00 1．谈谈“长大后你想做什么？”2．谈谈如何过暑假
9：00~10：10 1．唱歌、跳舞 2．表演短剧3．其它
10：10~11：00 1．打扫教室 2．修理桌椅3．其它
11：00~11：30 1．拍照 2．互留电话号码、地址3．其它
说明：
1．请自行设计表格中“其它”的内容，所设计的内容必须具体、合理；
2．要求语言连贯，条理清楚；
3．词数：70左右(不包括已给出的短文的开头和结尾)。
Our class is going to have a farewell party on the morning of June 18,____________
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D
昨天小华骑自行车上学，过马路闯红灯时，被一辆出租车撞倒，被警察送去医院。老师和同学们听到这个坏消息，放学后去看望他，他很高兴见到老师和同学。他说：“我知道我错了，我以后会遵守(obey)交通规则。”
Xiaohua went to school by bike yesterday.
（二）议论文
E
在一堂英语课上，老师组织全班同学开展有关“做家务”的讨论，假如以下是你所做的小组讨论记录，请你根据这个记录用英语想全班做一个汇报。
Name Housework
Wu Jun Clean up rooms
Jia Mei Help much cook dinner
Wang Ping Wash clothes
I …
提示：
1.汇报内容：你和你同学所做的家务活；你对做家务活的看法；
2. 所写单词数在80个左右
3. 汇报的开头和结尾已给出，不记入总词数。
Dear class,
Good morning! Now let me report the discussion work in our group. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thanks for listening!
F
家庭作业是老师、家长和学生共同关心的事情，在某校的一次班会上，就这个问题进行了热烈的讨论。出现了下面两种观点：
观 点 支 持 理 由
作业过多有益 可以复习学过的内容；可以练习老师在课堂上讲的内容；可以开阔思路；可以弥补老师没讲到的内容。
作业过多有害 老师应该教给学生怎样学、怎样理解；不能休息好；作业是一种消极的学习；要占用许多时间。
假设你是班主任，写一个总结发言，并提出自己的建议：做适当的作业还是有必要、有作用的。 参考词汇：passive (消极的)；suitable (适当的)
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（三）说明文
G
6月6日是“全国爱眼日”(National Eyes Caring Day)，请根据以下提示写出一份宣传稿，让全校的学生关爱自己的眼睛。题目已给出。
要求：1．词数：50-80。
2．书写规范，语句通顺，行文流畅，结构完整，语法正确。
内容需包括以下要点：
1．爱眼日主题为保护视力。
2．保护视力对中学生很重要。
3．视力不好会给生活和学习带来不便。
4．呼吁同学们都养成良好的用眼习惯以保护视力。
提示词语：视力eyesight；主题topic
Love Yourself Love Your Eyes
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H
阅读理解电视广告词“If we didn't save water, the last drop of water would be our tear-drop.” 根据提示，写一篇60词左右的短文。
提示：1、生活离不开水。
2、水污染严重。
3、应该保护水源、节约用水。
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I
星期五上午8：30全市初三年级将进行英语测试，你班的英语教师(Smith)临时有事，请你替她在班上作一些事项交代。要点如下：
1．这次英语测试非常重要；
2．作好考试的各项准备，不要睡得太晚，千万不要迟到;
3．做题时一定要看清题目(的要求)，书写要清楚；
4．老师希望大家考出好成绩。
5．要求：不要逐句翻译，字数60~80，你要讲的首句话已给出。
Fellow students
May I have your attention，please
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J
小明和小华是在“手拉手”活动中结成的一对学习伙伴。前不久，小明来信向小华询问如何学好英语请你以小华的名义给他写封回信。
内容包括：
1．学习英语的基本方法(listen carefully; speak much; read widely; learn...by heart; practise writing;...);
2．你的体会和其他建议。
词数：80词左右。信的开头与结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Xiao Ming,
I'm glad to receive your letter. In your letter you asked me about how to learn English well.
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K
请以Believe yourself, and you will win为题，写一篇自己在学习或生活中遇到的并战胜困难的短文。要求切合题意，内容完整，表达清楚，书写规范。提示：1.你遇到了什么困难？2.你是如何克服困难的？3.你从中体会到什么？
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（四）应用文
L
丰富多彩的暑假生活即将开始了，快约上几个好朋友一起去旅行吧。假设你是马琳，请你通过e-mail的方式对你的朋友张鹏发出邀请，组织好这次旅行。
提示：
1.对他发出邀请；
2.你的计划简介，包括活动内容、目的、时间、地点等等；
3.提醒他需要准备的东西；
4.约定出发时间和见面地点；
5字数：80－100词；
6.开头和结尾已给出，不包括在所要求的字数内。
Hi，Zhang Peng! I hope all is going well.
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Hope to see you soon!
Sincerely yours,
Ma Lin
M
假如你叫杨明，今天头疼、咳嗽、发烧，妈妈要带你去医院看病， 不能上学。 特想你的班主任吴老师请假。
请根据上面的提示写一份30词左右的请假条。注意请假条的格式。
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N
假定你是第一中学三年二班的高峰，6月27日你不慎将带有棕色小猴饰物的钥匙丢在操场上。请以高峰的名义写一则30词左右的寻物启事。
LostJune 26thGao Feng
O
假如你的名字叫Mike。今天在网上看到下面这则征笔友(Pen-pal)的帖子，请根据帖子内容写一封词数为50—70的回信。
要求：1、表达交友愿望；2、陈述交友理由；3、提供个人信息。
注意：文章的开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数；写作时，要求衔接过渡自然。
Post: Pen-pal wanted: 14 or 15 yrs old
Posted by Kayla on 6/21/0６
Hello! I am 14 yrs old. My name is Kayla. My birthday is May 13. I like to read, climb trees, do maths, and I like to watch football games. I love English and I want more chances to touch it. I think I need to do what I like to do. I’d like to have a pen-pal who has different hobbies from me so that we can learn from each other. Please write to me. My email address is kayla@
Thanks!
Kayla
收件人(To): kayla@
抄送(Cc): None
主题(Subject): Re: Pen-pal wanted
Hello, Kayla,
Best wishes!
Mike
P
下面描述的是200６年5月15日（周三，晴天）你的一次经历，请根据其内容，用英语写一篇80词左右的日记。日记的开头格式已给出，不计入文章总词数。注意要点完整，语法正确，上下文连贯，并适当发挥。
要点：1、下午放学后
2、爸爸出差，妈妈生病卧床
3、照顾妈妈，送医院，买药，煮饭、洗衣服等等
4、后来受父母表扬
5、该经历对自己的感触
May,15, 200６, Wednesday Fine
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Q
假如你是班长，请参考图中信息，写一则口头通知。
Something to say; a match with Class 4; exciting; welcome; encourage; win; the first place; a good time…
要求：1. 短文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校。2. 可用所给信息，也可适当发挥。
3. 词数：60—80词。
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（五）看图作文
R
很多父母希望孩子将时间都花在学习上。假如你是图中的学生，根据图示将昨天下午放
学回家后发生的事情和你的想法用英语简述。词数60左右，文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。
注意：不得用真实姓名和校名。
Yesterday afternoon, I went home after school. ____________________________
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Key:
A
Dear Mum，Thank you for Your Love
Dear mum，I always feel I am the luckiest child in the wor1d，because I have you as my mum. You are such a great parent．
I still remember the day when I failed my maths exam．I was so frustrated when I got home．You were not angry with me．Instead，you praised me for my hard work and encouraged me to keep on. Tears came into my eyes when you took me in your arm．I came to know how much you…
B
Among many exam experiences, I still remember what happened in the final exam last
term. In the past I always felt nervous at the beginning of exams. And because of this, I never gave the best performance.. But in the last final exam, when I got the paper, ! was surprised to see some warm words on the paper, “Hi, everyone. Believe in yourself and you will do best. Good luck.”Seeing these words, the feeling of nervousness soon disappeared and I became confident. I did best that time Ever since then, whenever I have exams, these simple but warm words always encourage me and make me feel confident.
C
Our class is going to have a farewell party on the rooming of June 18. At 8:00, we'll talk about" What are you going to be when you grow up ". After that, we will discuss our plan for the summer holiday. From 9:00 to 10:10, we’ll sing, dance, put on short plays and enjoy ourselves. At 10:10, we are going to do some cleaning, repair the desks and chairs and give books to the pupils.
At 11:00, we’ll take photos, give each other telephone numbers and addresses, and give presents to the teachers. At 11:30, the party will be over.
D
Xiaohua went to school by bike yesterday. When the light was red, he crossed the road and was hit / knocked down by a taxi. He was sent to hospital by a policeman. When his teachers and classmates heard the bad news, they went to see him after school/ class. He was very glad to see the teachers and classmates. He said: “ I know I have done wrong. I will obey the traffic rules from now on.”
E
Good morning! Now let me report the discussion work in our group. Wu Jun cleans up rooms at weekends and Jia Mei likes cooking dinner with her mum. Wang Ping sometimes washes clothes for her family. As for me, I usually help my father water the flowers.
In my opinion, it is necessary for us students to do some housework. By doing it, we can help our parents and understand them better. We’ll also learn to take care of ourselves. Besides, we can relax ourselves from hard work and develop our abilities.
That’s all. Thanks for listening!
F
Love Yourself Love Your Eyes
June 6th is National Eyes Caring Day．The topic is Caring for Eyesight.
It is believed to have good eyesight is very important to everyone especially to us middle school students during our growth time．Poor eyesight may result in many difficulties in our daily life and study．We hope every student can from now on form good habits when using eyes.
Remember, a clear world is only for bright eyes.
G
Water is very important to us. We can't live without water. There is less and less water on the earth, but some of us don't take care of that. They waste a lot of water and pour waste water and litter waste thing into the rivers and lakes. The rivers and lakes are seriously polluted. We must do something to stop them, protect water well and save water.(If we don't save water, the last drop of water would be our tear-drop.
H
Just now some students talked about whether doing more homework is useful or not. Some students think that doing more homework is useful. They think that by doing more homework they can review the things they study and put into practice what is learned in class. It will also help them know what they lost and open their minds. But some students think that doing more homework is not useful. They think that students should be taught how to learn and how to understand well instead of doing more homework. They also think that homework is a passive learning and takes most of their time. Some students often do it until late at night and they don't have a good rest. But I think that doing some suitable homework is necessary and useful. Thank you.
I
Fellow students，
May I have your attention，please
Mr. Smith can’t be here because he has some other things to do. He asked me to tell you something about tomorrow’s English exam. The English exam starts at 8：30 in the morning. It’s an important exam so don’t be late for it. We must get everything ready for the exam.and have a good rest. We have to read the questions carefully before we answer them. And we have to write the answers clearly. Mr. Smith wishes us good results (high marks).
J
I'm glad to receive your letter. In your letter you asked me about how to learn English well. I think you must listen carefully and be active in class. Speak as much as possible. Don't be afraid of making mistakes. You'd better read widely and learn some important parts by heart. You should practise writing often. Of course there are many other ways. You can also see English films, learn to sing English songs or make penfriends with foreigners. They are all very helpful. Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it. I'm sine you'll learn English well.
K
Believe yourself, and you will win.
One night in August when I was doing my physics exercises, I met a difficult problem. Forty minutes passed I still couldn’t work it out. The answer was on the last pages of the exercise book, how I wanted to see the answer! But my teacher told us to do my homework by ourselves. My sister was in a high school then. She’d like to help me. But I refused. I thought over the lesson I had in the day carefully, from one example my teacher gave us I worked the problem out. How happy I was. Now friends, remember, “Believe yourself, and you will win.”
L
Hi，Zhang Peng! I hope all is going well.
What’s your plan for the coming summer holidays？Some of my classmates would like to go cycling. Will you come with us
We are planning to ride to the mountains around our town. We hope to get away from our school life and get near to the nature and smell the fresh air. We hope in that way we can relax ourselves thoroughly.
We’ll start at 8:00 next Sunday morning. If you can come, please let me know and we’ll wait for you at 7:50 in front of our school.
What’s more, get everything ready for the outing, such as your sunglasses, hat, food and drinks. We hope to have a picnic in the mountains.
Be sure to come and I’m sure we’ll have a wonderful time.
Hope to see you soon.
Sincerely yours,
Ma Lin
M
May 28,, 200６
Dear Mr / Miss Wu,
I’m sorry I can’t go to school today. I have a headache, a cough and a fever. My mother is going to take me to see a doctor today. Don’t worry about me. I’ll go to school as soon as I feel a little better.
Now I’m writing to you to ask for sick leave.
Yang Ming
N
Lost
June 26th
I lost /left a key　with a brown monkey (toy) on the playground( on June 26th ) Will the finder / anyone who found it please come to Class 1, Grade 3 of No.1 Middle School (or call / ring on …)
Thank you!
Gao Feng
O
Hello, Kayla,
I’m Mike. I am 15 years old. I’m glad to know that you would like to have a pen-pal. I also want to find a pen-pal from the Internet. When I’m free, I like to listen to the music, go hiking and play basketball. I’m good at English and art. We can learn from each other and be good friends. I hope to hear from you often.
Best wishes　　　　
Mike　　　　　　　
P
May,15, 200６, Wednesday 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Fine　　　　
When I got home this afternoon, I found my mother was lying in bed sick and my father was away on business. What should I do then
Since Mother was ill, I should take care of her. I first sent her to hospital and bought some medicine. When we got home, I began to cook dinner and wash clothes.
I was praised by my parents later for this. I think I have grown up now and I should help do something for my family.
Q
Good morning, everyone. Now, I have something to say. We are going to have a basketball match with Class 4 this afternoon. The match will be very exciting / interesting. Welcome to watch it and encourage our team. I’m sure our team will best Class 4 / win the match (game). Then we will be the first place in our grade. I hope everybody will go and join it. Have a very good time. That’s all. Thank you.
R
Yesterday afternoon, I went home after school. I wanted to help my father to sweep the floor, but he said, “You needn't do that. Do some reading!” Later when I was watching TV, my mother came and turned off the TV and said, "You shouldn't waste your time. Go to study!"
I wonder if I should spend all the time on my study. There are many other things for
me to learn, too!
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