情态动词（一）(广东省广州市)
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| 名称 | 情态动词（一）(广东省广州市) |  | |
| 格式 | rar | ||
| 文件大小 | 22.5KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2009-06-14 11:50:00 | ||
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京翰教育中心教学情况记录表
校 区：番禺 教师级别：＿/＿＿ 教学工位：＿/＿＿ 课时总数：＿＿＿
本次课时：＿2＿＿ 本表编号：＿/＿＿ 学生姓名：＿＿＿ 授课教师：王新刚＿＿＿
所授科目：＿英语＿ 学生年级：＿＿＿ 本次课时：＿/＿＿ 总 课 时: ＿/＿＿
剩余课时：＿＿＿ 学生编号：＿/＿＿ 教员编号：＿/＿＿
上课时间：＿2009＿＿年＿6＿月＿＿日 时 分 至 时 分
课程主题 情态动词
课后作业
课堂表现
教案审核 学生签名
情态动词的语法特征
1） 情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。
2） 情态动词除ought 和have 外，后面只能接不带to 的不定式。
3） 情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。
4） 情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词，等形式。1．can （过去时用could）1)表能力，意思是“能够”I can climb this pole. 我能爬这根杆子。He is only four , but he can read. 他只有4岁，但已认得字了。2)表推测，多用于否定与疑问结构中，意思是“可能”Can the news be true 这消息可能是真的吗？It can’t be true. 它不可能是真的。What can he possibly mean 他可能是什么意思？He can’t have known the truth.他不可能已经知道了真相。3) 注意：could有时不表示时态 ，表示委婉的请求，（在回答中不可用could）。例如：
--- Could I have the television on 我能看电视吗？
--- Yes, you can. / No, you can\'t. 可以/不可以。4）表示成功地做了某事时，用was/were able to，不能用could。例如：
He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out. = He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out. 经典例题1.What we _____get seems better than what we have. A. can B. could C. can't D. couldn't2.─My goodness! I've just missed the train. ─That's too bad. I am sure you _____it, if you had hurried.
A. could have caught B. had caught C. would catch D. could catch 3.─ There were already 5 people in the car, but they managed to take me as well. ─ It _____a comfortable journey.
A. can't be B. shouldn't be C. couldn't have been D. mustn't have been 4. _____it be true that Albert passed the test in geography
A. May B. should C. Could D. would5.Mary_____his letter, otherwise she would have replied before now.
A. has received B. must receive C. couldn't have received D. shouldn't have received 6.They ___ do well in the exam.
A. can be able to B. be able to C. can able to D. are able to2.may 的用法 1)表示请求或允许。意思是“可以”You may drive the tractor. 你可以开那台拖拉机。注意：当回答由may 引起的问题时，否定答语要用must not,表示“不许可”、“不应该”、“不行”。---May I come in ---Yes, you may.（No ,you mustn’t）2) may /might表示推测只用于肯定和否定句中 意思是“可能”He may be right.He may not come today (可能不)He may /might come tomorrow.注意：表示推测时may no 可能不 can not不可能He may not come He can’t come3) may/might as well，后面接动词原形，意为"不妨"。例如：
If that is the case, we may as well try.如果情况确实如此，我们不妨试一试。
You may（might）as well stay where you are.你还是原地待着好。4) may放在句首，表祝愿May you be happy!典型例题
1. Peter ___come with us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.
A. must B. may C. can D. will may 2. I thought you ___like something to read, so I have brought you some books. A.may B.might C.could D.must3. .─ ___I help you with some shoes, madam
─ Yes, I would like to try on those brown ones.A. Will B. Should C. May D. Must 4.I searched for my wallet and it wasn't there. I thought I___it at home.
A. left B. have left C. might have left D. could have left5.You ___lead a horse to the water but you___not make it drink.
A. will; can B. may; can C. may; dare D. dare; can6. --- _____ I go out to play now, Mum --- No, you _____. You should do your homework first.A. Must; mustn’t B. Must; wouldn’t C. May; needn’t D. May; had better not7.Don’t believe him. What he said ______ be true. A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. shouldn’t D. may not8.--- I don’t know why he is late.--- Nor do I. He _____ an accident. A. could have had B. should have had C. might have had D. must have had3.must 的主要用法1)表示必须We must do everything step by step .我们必须按部就班地做一切事情。注意：must 的否定式有两个： needn’t或don’t have to 表示“不必”、“无须”的意义。当表示 “禁止”时，就用mustn’t。例如：---Must I go tomorrow 明天我必须去吗？---Yes, you must.（No , you needn’t.=No,you don’t have to） 不，你不必去。2）must表示推测用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测，意为"一定"。
A： must表对现在的状态或现在正发生的事情的推测时，must 后面通常接系动词be的原形或 行为动词的进行式。例如：
You have worked hard all day. You must be tired. 你辛苦干一整天，一定累了。 He must be working in his office. 他一定在办公室工作呢。
B： must 表示对已发生的事情的推测时，must 要接完成式。例如：
I didn't hear the phone. I must have been asleep. 我刚才没有听到电话，我想必是睡着了。
C：must表示揣测时的反义疑问句must表示一种推测时，含义为“一定、准是”时，附加谓语不用must和need，而是在意义上和陈述句中谓语动词的时态保持一致。☆①． 陈述部分有表示过去的时间状语，附加谓语中的动词就用一般过去时。She must have heard the good news just now, didn’t she 想必她刚才听到了那个好消息，吗？ ☆②．句中陈述部分没有表示过去的时间状语，这时就与must之后的单词保持一致You must have studied English for many years, haven’t you He must be from the south, isn’t he I think they must be watching this exciting football match now, aren’t they 3）must还含有“偏偏”“偏要”之意，表示不耐烦Why must you always bother me 为什么你偏要打扰我呢。4）have to与musthave to强调客观需要，must着重说明主观看法。I must clean the room.（主观想法） I have to clean the room.（客观需要）注意：have to 的否定式：don’t have to do 表示“不必做……”之意。典型例题1.I___asleep because it took me a long time to realize that the telephone was ringing.
A. could have fallen B. should have fallen C. must have fallen D. mustn't have fallen 2.The only thing that really matters to the children is how soon they___return to their school.
A. can B. must C. have to D. ought to3.Johnny, you___ play with the knife; you___ hurt yourself
A. won't; can't B. can't; shouldn't C. shouldn't; must D. mustn't; may 4.I parked my car right here but now it's gone. It___ .
A. must be stolen B. may be stolen C. must have stolen D. must have been stolen 5.─Must we finish the composition in class ─No, you___ .
A. needn't B. mustn't C. won't D. shouldn't 6.Her eyes were red. She ___
A. must cry B. must be cried C. must have cried D. may cry 7.It _____ be she that told him about it; it _____ be you, because only you and I know it. A. mustn’t; must B. couldn’t; must C. mustn’t; might D. couldn’t; might8.A hardworking man _____ become a great scientist, but a great scientist _____ be a hardworking man. A. can’t; can B. may not; can C. can’t; must D. may not; must9.You _____ be tired; you have been working for so long a time, but he _____ be tired; he has just begun to work. A. may not; must B. must; may not C. can’t; must D. must; can’t10.--- Must I take a bus --- No, you _____. You can walk there. A. must not B. may not C. don’t have to D. had better not to11.You _____ return the dictionary now. You can keep it till next week if you like. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. don’t need D. don’t have to12.The thief _____ in from the kitchen window as all the other windows and doors were closed. A. may climb B. must have climbed C. could climb D. should have climbed4.shall 1）shall和will可以表示一般将来时，shall一般用于第一人称Ⅰ和We，例如：
I shall study harder at English. 我将更加努力地学习英语。
He will go to Shanghai. 他要去上海。2）用于陈述句的第二、第三人称中，表示命令、警告、允诺、威胁等例如： You shall have that book tomorrow.（允诺） He shall be punished if he insists on doing that.（警告）3）用于第一、三人称的疑问句中表示征求对方意见：“要不要……？……好吗？”例如：Shall I turn on the lights 我开灯好吗 Shall he wait for you outside 要不要他在外面等你 典型例题 1. _____ I repeat the question
A. Shall B. Will C. Do you want that D. Do2.Professor Li, many students want to see you. _____they wait here or outside!
A. Do B. Will C. Shall D. Are3.Everyone is here. _____we start the meeting
A. Can B. Must C. Should D. Shall4.--- We want someone to design the new art museum for us. --- ______ the young fellow have a try A. May B. Shall C. Will D. Need5.--- ______ he use your bike？--- Certainly. Here is the key.A. Shall B. Must C. Will D. Does5．will与would1）表示将来He will go to Shanghai. 他要去上海。2） 表示意愿如：I will pay you at the rate you ask. 我愿意照你要求的价钱付款。Go where you will. 你愿到哪里就到哪里。She asked if I would go with them. 她问我是否愿同他们一起去。If you will allow me， I will see you home. 如果你同意，我可以送你回家。3）表示征求意见或提出请求主要用于第二人称的疑问句中，will和would均可用，would此时表示委婉语气。如：Won‘t you take off your coat？ 你要不要把大衣脱掉？Will [would] you please post the letter for me？ 请帮我寄了这封信好吗？4）would用于表示过去经常性的行为或动作：一般可以与used to 互换例： When we were boys we used to/would go swimming every summer每到夏天我们都要去游泳。 He used to/would spend every penny he earned on books．过去，他通常把挣来的钱全花在买书上。典型例题 _____ you like to have a walk with us this evening A. Did B. Would C. Should D. Can6 need的用法
1） 作普通动词时，有各种时态形式的变化；第三人称单数现在时要加-s；与带to的不定式连用。如： The pen needs mending．这支钢笔需要修理。 Does she need to go to the club？她必须去俱乐部吗？ She does not need to go there at present．现在她不必去那里。2）作情态动词时，没有过去形式，没有人称和数的变化。如： Need she go now？她必须现在去吗？She need not come to school at present．她现在不必来学校。典型例题 1.You _____ to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do. A. needn't to come B. don't need come C. don't need coming D. needn't come 2.You _____ read that book if you don't want to.
A. haven't B. can't C. mustn't D. needn't 3.You _____ go right now if you want, but I think you _____, because we have enough time. A. must; may not B. must; can’t C. may; needn’t D. may; mustn’t7. dare的用法
1） dare用作实义动词，此时其后的动词不定式带to，且dare有人称和数以及时态的变化。如：
He dares to go to Africa alone．他敢独自去非洲。 Does he dare to tell her？他敢告诉她吗？ He doesn't dare（to）tell her．他不敢告诉她。 He dared to go there．他敢去那儿。 He didn't dare to take the risk．他不敢冒这个险。
2） dare用作情态动词，无各种时态形式变化，后跟动词原形如： Dare he tell you the truth？他敢不敢对你说出事实来？He dare not tell me that sort of thing．他不敢把那种事告诉我。典型例题 1. I wonder how he ________ that to the teacher. (上海卷)A. dare to say B. dare saying C. not dare say D. dared say
2.The little girl ____ out in the dark at night.
A.dares not go B.dare not go C.does not dare going D.dares not to go
8.should 与ought to1)表示应该、必须如：We should master a foreign language at least.我们应当至少掌握一门外语。
You don’t look well. You ought to go to see the doctor.你气色不好，应该去看病。2)Ought to 用于否定句，其否定形式可缩略为oughtn’t ，如：You oughtn’t to smoke so much. 你不应该抽这么多烟。典型例题 1.It's nearly seven o'clock. Jack _____ be here at any moment.
A. must B. need C. can D. should 2.You _____ be careful when you cross here --- the traffic lights aren’t working. A. could B. might C. ought to D. may3.It’s said that there are plenty of hotels in that town. There _____ be any difficulty for you to find somewhere to stay. A. wouldn’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t9.used to +v, be used to +v-ing和be used to +v （1）used to +v意为“过去常常”，“be used to +v-ing / n（名词）意为“习惯于”；be used to +v意为“被用来（做某事）”。 例如： 1）He used to smoke. Now he doesn’t. 2）He’s quite used to hard work / working hard. 3）The knife is used to cut bread. 10．用作情态动词的其他短语 would rather, had better, may (just) as well等可用作情态动词。例如： eg：I’d rather walk than take a bus. If you don’t like to swim, you may just as well stay at home.
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京翰教育中心教学情况记录表
校 区：番禺 教师级别：＿/＿＿ 教学工位：＿/＿＿ 课时总数：＿＿＿
本次课时：＿2＿＿ 本表编号：＿/＿＿ 学生姓名：＿＿＿ 授课教师：王新刚＿＿＿
所授科目：＿英语＿ 学生年级：＿＿＿ 本次课时：＿/＿＿ 总 课 时: ＿/＿＿
剩余课时：＿＿＿ 学生编号：＿/＿＿ 教员编号：＿/＿＿
上课时间：＿2009＿＿年＿6＿月＿＿日 时 分 至 时 分
课程主题 情态动词
课后作业
课堂表现
教案审核 学生签名
情态动词的语法特征
1） 情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。
2） 情态动词除ought 和have 外，后面只能接不带to 的不定式。
3） 情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。
4） 情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词，等形式。1．can （过去时用could）1)表能力，意思是“能够”I can climb this pole. 我能爬这根杆子。He is only four , but he can read. 他只有4岁，但已认得字了。2)表推测，多用于否定与疑问结构中，意思是“可能”Can the news be true 这消息可能是真的吗？It can’t be true. 它不可能是真的。What can he possibly mean 他可能是什么意思？He can’t have known the truth.他不可能已经知道了真相。3) 注意：could有时不表示时态 ，表示委婉的请求，（在回答中不可用could）。例如：
--- Could I have the television on 我能看电视吗？
--- Yes, you can. / No, you can\'t. 可以/不可以。4）表示成功地做了某事时，用was/were able to，不能用could。例如：
He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out. = He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out. 经典例题1.What we _____get seems better than what we have. A. can B. could C. can't D. couldn't2.─My goodness! I've just missed the train. ─That's too bad. I am sure you _____it, if you had hurried.
A. could have caught B. had caught C. would catch D. could catch 3.─ There were already 5 people in the car, but they managed to take me as well. ─ It _____a comfortable journey.
A. can't be B. shouldn't be C. couldn't have been D. mustn't have been 4. _____it be true that Albert passed the test in geography
A. May B. should C. Could D. would5.Mary_____his letter, otherwise she would have replied before now.
A. has received B. must receive C. couldn't have received D. shouldn't have received 6.They ___ do well in the exam.
A. can be able to B. be able to C. can able to D. are able to2.may 的用法 1)表示请求或允许。意思是“可以”You may drive the tractor. 你可以开那台拖拉机。注意：当回答由may 引起的问题时，否定答语要用must not,表示“不许可”、“不应该”、“不行”。---May I come in ---Yes, you may.（No ,you mustn’t）2) may /might表示推测只用于肯定和否定句中 意思是“可能”He may be right.He may not come today (可能不)He may /might come tomorrow.注意：表示推测时may no 可能不 can not不可能He may not come He can’t come3) may/might as well，后面接动词原形，意为"不妨"。例如：
If that is the case, we may as well try.如果情况确实如此，我们不妨试一试。
You may（might）as well stay where you are.你还是原地待着好。4) may放在句首，表祝愿May you be happy!典型例题
1. Peter ___come with us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.
A. must B. may C. can D. will may 2. I thought you ___like something to read, so I have brought you some books. A.may B.might C.could D.must3. .─ ___I help you with some shoes, madam
─ Yes, I would like to try on those brown ones.A. Will B. Should C. May D. Must 4.I searched for my wallet and it wasn't there. I thought I___it at home.
A. left B. have left C. might have left D. could have left5.You ___lead a horse to the water but you___not make it drink.
A. will; can B. may; can C. may; dare D. dare; can6. --- _____ I go out to play now, Mum --- No, you _____. You should do your homework first.A. Must; mustn’t B. Must; wouldn’t C. May; needn’t D. May; had better not7.Don’t believe him. What he said ______ be true. A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. shouldn’t D. may not8.--- I don’t know why he is late.--- Nor do I. He _____ an accident. A. could have had B. should have had C. might have had D. must have had3.must 的主要用法1)表示必须We must do everything step by step .我们必须按部就班地做一切事情。注意：must 的否定式有两个： needn’t或don’t have to 表示“不必”、“无须”的意义。当表示 “禁止”时，就用mustn’t。例如：---Must I go tomorrow 明天我必须去吗？---Yes, you must.（No , you needn’t.=No,you don’t have to） 不，你不必去。2）must表示推测用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测，意为"一定"。
A： must表对现在的状态或现在正发生的事情的推测时，must 后面通常接系动词be的原形或 行为动词的进行式。例如：
You have worked hard all day. You must be tired. 你辛苦干一整天，一定累了。 He must be working in his office. 他一定在办公室工作呢。
B： must 表示对已发生的事情的推测时，must 要接完成式。例如：
I didn't hear the phone. I must have been asleep. 我刚才没有听到电话，我想必是睡着了。
C：must表示揣测时的反义疑问句must表示一种推测时，含义为“一定、准是”时，附加谓语不用must和need，而是在意义上和陈述句中谓语动词的时态保持一致。☆①． 陈述部分有表示过去的时间状语，附加谓语中的动词就用一般过去时。She must have heard the good news just now, didn’t she 想必她刚才听到了那个好消息，吗？ ☆②．句中陈述部分没有表示过去的时间状语，这时就与must之后的单词保持一致You must have studied English for many years, haven’t you He must be from the south, isn’t he I think they must be watching this exciting football match now, aren’t they 3）must还含有“偏偏”“偏要”之意，表示不耐烦Why must you always bother me 为什么你偏要打扰我呢。4）have to与musthave to强调客观需要，must着重说明主观看法。I must clean the room.（主观想法） I have to clean the room.（客观需要）注意：have to 的否定式：don’t have to do 表示“不必做……”之意。典型例题1.I___asleep because it took me a long time to realize that the telephone was ringing.
A. could have fallen B. should have fallen C. must have fallen D. mustn't have fallen 2.The only thing that really matters to the children is how soon they___return to their school.
A. can B. must C. have to D. ought to3.Johnny, you___ play with the knife; you___ hurt yourself
A. won't; can't B. can't; shouldn't C. shouldn't; must D. mustn't; may 4.I parked my car right here but now it's gone. It___ .
A. must be stolen B. may be stolen C. must have stolen D. must have been stolen 5.─Must we finish the composition in class ─No, you___ .
A. needn't B. mustn't C. won't D. shouldn't 6.Her eyes were red. She ___
A. must cry B. must be cried C. must have cried D. may cry 7.It _____ be she that told him about it; it _____ be you, because only you and I know it. A. mustn’t; must B. couldn’t; must C. mustn’t; might D. couldn’t; might8.A hardworking man _____ become a great scientist, but a great scientist _____ be a hardworking man. A. can’t; can B. may not; can C. can’t; must D. may not; must9.You _____ be tired; you have been working for so long a time, but he _____ be tired; he has just begun to work. A. may not; must B. must; may not C. can’t; must D. must; can’t10.--- Must I take a bus --- No, you _____. You can walk there. A. must not B. may not C. don’t have to D. had better not to11.You _____ return the dictionary now. You can keep it till next week if you like. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. don’t need D. don’t have to12.The thief _____ in from the kitchen window as all the other windows and doors were closed. A. may climb B. must have climbed C. could climb D. should have climbed4.shall 1）shall和will可以表示一般将来时，shall一般用于第一人称Ⅰ和We，例如：
I shall study harder at English. 我将更加努力地学习英语。
He will go to Shanghai. 他要去上海。2）用于陈述句的第二、第三人称中，表示命令、警告、允诺、威胁等例如： You shall have that book tomorrow.（允诺） He shall be punished if he insists on doing that.（警告）3）用于第一、三人称的疑问句中表示征求对方意见：“要不要……？……好吗？”例如：Shall I turn on the lights 我开灯好吗 Shall he wait for you outside 要不要他在外面等你 典型例题 1. _____ I repeat the question
A. Shall B. Will C. Do you want that D. Do2.Professor Li, many students want to see you. _____they wait here or outside!
A. Do B. Will C. Shall D. Are3.Everyone is here. _____we start the meeting
A. Can B. Must C. Should D. Shall4.--- We want someone to design the new art museum for us. --- ______ the young fellow have a try A. May B. Shall C. Will D. Need5.--- ______ he use your bike？--- Certainly. Here is the key.A. Shall B. Must C. Will D. Does5．will与would1）表示将来He will go to Shanghai. 他要去上海。2） 表示意愿如：I will pay you at the rate you ask. 我愿意照你要求的价钱付款。Go where you will. 你愿到哪里就到哪里。She asked if I would go with them. 她问我是否愿同他们一起去。If you will allow me， I will see you home. 如果你同意，我可以送你回家。3）表示征求意见或提出请求主要用于第二人称的疑问句中，will和would均可用，would此时表示委婉语气。如：Won‘t you take off your coat？ 你要不要把大衣脱掉？Will [would] you please post the letter for me？ 请帮我寄了这封信好吗？4）would用于表示过去经常性的行为或动作：一般可以与used to 互换例： When we were boys we used to/would go swimming every summer每到夏天我们都要去游泳。 He used to/would spend every penny he earned on books．过去，他通常把挣来的钱全花在买书上。典型例题 _____ you like to have a walk with us this evening A. Did B. Would C. Should D. Can6 need的用法
1） 作普通动词时，有各种时态形式的变化；第三人称单数现在时要加-s；与带to的不定式连用。如： The pen needs mending．这支钢笔需要修理。 Does she need to go to the club？她必须去俱乐部吗？ She does not need to go there at present．现在她不必去那里。2）作情态动词时，没有过去形式，没有人称和数的变化。如： Need she go now？她必须现在去吗？She need not come to school at present．她现在不必来学校。典型例题 1.You _____ to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do. A. needn't to come B. don't need come C. don't need coming D. needn't come 2.You _____ read that book if you don't want to.
A. haven't B. can't C. mustn't D. needn't 3.You _____ go right now if you want, but I think you _____, because we have enough time. A. must; may not B. must; can’t C. may; needn’t D. may; mustn’t7. dare的用法
1） dare用作实义动词，此时其后的动词不定式带to，且dare有人称和数以及时态的变化。如：
He dares to go to Africa alone．他敢独自去非洲。 Does he dare to tell her？他敢告诉她吗？ He doesn't dare（to）tell her．他不敢告诉她。 He dared to go there．他敢去那儿。 He didn't dare to take the risk．他不敢冒这个险。
2） dare用作情态动词，无各种时态形式变化，后跟动词原形如： Dare he tell you the truth？他敢不敢对你说出事实来？He dare not tell me that sort of thing．他不敢把那种事告诉我。典型例题 1. I wonder how he ________ that to the teacher. (上海卷)A. dare to say B. dare saying C. not dare say D. dared say
2.The little girl ____ out in the dark at night.
A.dares not go B.dare not go C.does not dare going D.dares not to go
8.should 与ought to1)表示应该、必须如：We should master a foreign language at least.我们应当至少掌握一门外语。
You don’t look well. You ought to go to see the doctor.你气色不好，应该去看病。2)Ought to 用于否定句，其否定形式可缩略为oughtn’t ，如：You oughtn’t to smoke so much. 你不应该抽这么多烟。典型例题 1.It's nearly seven o'clock. Jack _____ be here at any moment.
A. must B. need C. can D. should 2.You _____ be careful when you cross here --- the traffic lights aren’t working. A. could B. might C. ought to D. may3.It’s said that there are plenty of hotels in that town. There _____ be any difficulty for you to find somewhere to stay. A. wouldn’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t9.used to +v, be used to +v-ing和be used to +v （1）used to +v意为“过去常常”，“be used to +v-ing / n（名词）意为“习惯于”；be used to +v意为“被用来（做某事）”。 例如： 1）He used to smoke. Now he doesn’t. 2）He’s quite used to hard work / working hard. 3）The knife is used to cut bread. 10．用作情态动词的其他短语 would rather, had better, may (just) as well等可用作情态动词。例如： eg：I’d rather walk than take a bus. If you don’t like to swim, you may just as well stay at home.
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