全册短语+语法归纳(广东省深圳市南山区)

Chapter 1
1. want to do sth. 想做某事
2. include a feature 包含一个专栏
3. agree with sb. 同意某人的观点
4. agree to do 同意做某事
5. short term memory 短期记忆
6. long term memory 长期记忆
7. tell sb. a joke 给某人讲一个笑话
8. go wrong 发生故障
9. one is… the other is… 一个…另一个…
10. one is…the others are 一个…,另一些…
11. on television/on the radio 通过电视/通过收音机
12. a man with an injured brain 一个人有一个受伤的大脑
13. be angry with 对…生气
14. for example 举个例子
15. try to do /try doing 努力做/试着做
16. between … and…在…和…中间
among 三者或三者以上中间
17. the longest word in the world 世界上最长的单词
18. an amazing story 一个惊奇的故事
19. be connected to 和…连接
20.something dramatic 一些戏剧性的事
21.hear about 听说
22.take…out of从…拿出来
plain about 抱怨…
24.break down 抛锚
25.forget to do/forget doing 忘记去做/忘记已经做
26.had better do 最好做某事
27.apologize to sb.=make an apology to sb. 向…道歉
28.It takes sb. sometime to do 花费某人多少时间去做某事
spend…on sth. 在…上花费多少钱
spend…(in)doing sth. 为做某事花费多少钱
pay…for 在…上花费多少钱
Language
If 如果
If引导的句子用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时
eg：If the weather is fine ,we ‘ll play outside.
If条件句用于表达客观真理和普遍现象时，主从句均用一般现在时
eg：If we take a fish out of water, it dies.
Unless 除非，与if用法相似（Unless=if…not）
eg: Unless you leave now, you will be late for school
Chapter2
1. the most popular 最流行的
2. cartoon character 卡通人物
3. be full of=be filled with 充满着…
4. try to do/try doing 努力做/试着做
5. have a long history 有很长的历史
6. work for 为…工作
7. in the late 1930s 在20世纪30年代末期
8. a man called/named… 一个叫…的人
9. think of 想到
think about 考虑
10.make…clever 使…聪明
11.get…into trouble 使…陷入麻烦
12.It is+形容词+to do
13.a huge number of 大量的
14.seven minutes long 七分钟长
15.run around 到处跑
16.each other=one another 互相
17.in total 总共
18.be in trouble with 与…陷入麻烦
19.laugh at=make fun of 嘲笑…
20.all around the world=all over the world 全世界
21.a number of+可数名词复数=many大量的.
Language
1.adj.+n. →a long history
2.v.+n.+adj. → make the mouse clever
→ keep the classroom clean
→ think the book important
3. It is +adj.(for sb.)+to do
eg: It is important for us to learn English.
4.联系动词+n. +adj. → get old
→ become bad
联系动词：turn, feel, taste, sound, smell, look, seem, become, get, keep, make
Chapter3
1. be in danger处于危险之中
2. environmental problems环境问题
3. act like充当
4. keep sb. from (doing)sth=stop sb. from (doing)sth=prevent sb. from (doing)sth 阻止某人做某事
5. the surface of the moon月球的表面
6. in the form of 以…的形式
7. make sth. worse 使…更糟糕
8. take in harmful gases 吸进有害气体
9. mountains of+不可数名词=many 大量的
10. all the way 总是,一路上
11. throw away 扔掉
12. in order to 为了
13. environmentally friendly 利于保护环境的
14. damage the environment 破坏环境
15. the same as=as…as和..一样
16. cause=lead to 导致
17. absorb=take in吸进
18. a kind of 一种different kinds of 不同种类的all kinds of所有种类的
19. prefer =like sth. better 更喜欢
e.g: I prefer apples to oranges
I like apples better than oranges
20. in order to=so that 是为了…
Language:
1. Why 一般用because回答
2. because +句子（从句） because of+名词短语
e.g: He didn’t come to work because it rained heavily或because of the heavy rain
3. 用了because不用so
4. as+形容词/副词原级+as/the same +n. as 和…一样
5. not so/as+形容词/副词原级+as/different from 和…不同
e.g: He is as careful as Mary
He writes as carefully as Mary
I’m as old as he
I’m the same age as he
6. like (介词)像…...
be like ,sound like, taste like ,smell like, feel like, look like, seem like
Chapter 4
1. visits to other countries 去其他国家旅游
2. asked…to do 要求…去
3. educational visit 教育访问
4. be able to=can 能够…
5. local people 当地人
6. accept…as 接受…成为
7. educational exchange programme 教育交流项目
8. be patient=be full of patience 有信心的
9. take sth with sb. 某人带着…
10. so that…=in order that… 以便于
11. give a talk about 作关于…的报告
12. become confident 变得自信
13. take photos of 照…的照片
14. the poor=the poor people 穷人
15. be arranged by 被…安排
16. aim=purpose the aim of our trip 旅途的目标
17. learn about 了解
18. be deeply moved 被深深的感动
19. so…that 如此…以至于
20. rubbish dumps 垃圾堆
21. improve the situation 改善情况
22. though=although尽管
23. a valuable experience for me 对我来说宝贵的经历
24. win a scholarship 赢得奖学金
25. attend…classes=have classes on 参加…的课
26. go on sightseeing tours=go sightseeing观光旅游
27. the old capital 古都
28. make friends with 和…交朋友
29. as well as=and 和…
30. return to 返回…
31.keep in touch with 和…保持联系
Language
目的状语从句
So that/in order that+句子/in order to+动词 以便于，以至于
So that/in order that引导的状语从句需用到may/might/can/could等情态动词
e.g: He is working hard so that/in order that he may pass his exam.
He is working hard in order to pass his exam.
结果状语从句:So+形容词/副词+that, Such+形容词+名词+that
e.g: He is so clever that he can answer all the question
He is such a clever boy that he can answer all the question
So+ many/few/much/little+名词Though/Although 不与but连用 可与yet连用
Chapter 5
1. be strict with sb. 对某人严格
be strict in sth. 对某事严格
1. be prepare for=get ready for 准备某事
1. in place of=instead of 代替…
1. give sb. a hand=help sb. 帮助某人
1. one of the +最高级+名词复数+is 最…的之一
one of the biggest cities 最大的城市之一
1. of our time 在我们这个时代
1. be born in 出生于
1. begin doing sth. 开始做某事
begin to do sth.
1. at the age of=when sb. was 在…的时候
1. from then on 从那时起
1. at a price 以很高的代价
1. have fun=enjoy oneself=have a good time 玩的开心
1. be grateful to sb. 感激某人
1. win a first prize 赢得一等奖
1. fall ill 生病
1. such as 例如
1. be responsible for=take charge of 对…负责
1. much more interesting than 比..有趣得多
1. take piano lessons 上钢琴课
1. call back 回电
1. save up 攒钱
1. would rather do sth. 宁愿做某事
1. win first prize 赢得一等奖
1. quit one’s job 离职
1. miss a chance 错过机会
Language：
过去进行时：表示过去某时的动作正在进行，含有动作在持续、未完成的意思。
was/were+ doing+过去时间点
1. when ①指时间点，时间段 ②状语从句动词持续性或短暂性 ③主句和从句
中2个动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生。
1. while ①只指一段时间 ②动词必须持续性 ③2个动作必须同时发生
e.g: When the teacher came in, we were talking.
(come是短暂性动词，所以只能用when)
When/While we were talking, the teacher came in.
Chapter 6
1. want to do=look forward to doing 想做某事
2. encourage sb. to do 鼓励某人做某事
3. famous=well-known 出名的
be famous for 因…而出名
4. called=named 名叫…
5. author=writer 作者
6. start to do = begin to do 开始做某事
7. by ①乘坐….（by bike） ②通过某种方式（by writing E-mails）
③靠近（by the door=near the door）④by the way 顺便说一下
⑤由…做的
8. on Saturday morning 在星期六早上
in + 年，月，季节，上午，下午，晚上 (in 2009,in May, in summer, in the morning)
at + 时间点 （at 5’o clock）
on+ 某一天，某一天的上午，下午，晚上 (on Saturday morning)
9. It was thirty yards long.=It was thirty yards in length. 它长30码。
数词+量词+形容词
it is 30 yards long = it is 30 yards in length.
10. pick up 捡起
代词放中间 pick it up 捡起它
11. sing happily 快乐地唱歌
He sang happily, with an apple in his hand.
表伴随，with+名词+介词词组
12. You have to work , don’t you
不得不 （反义疑问句）
13. I think that…. 我认为…
否定在主句上：I think this is right. I don’t think this is right.
14. get more and more interested 变得越来越有兴趣
be/get interested in have interest in对…感兴趣
15. 使某人做某事. Let sb. do sth
make sb. do sth
have sb. do sth
16. want sth. to be done 想要…被做
17. I’m really(副词) careful. 我非常小心
18. properly=right=well 好
19. so on 等等
20. with worry on his face 脸上带着担心的表情
with joy in his heart 心中却很快乐
21.knock sb. out 把某人打晕
22.set…free 释放某人
Language
定语从句
He gave Tom a kite.
He liked the kite very much
合并成 He gave Tom a kite（which/that he liked very much.）定语从句
先行词 连接词
若物作主语，则连接词用which/that
若人作主语，则连接词用who/that
若先行词中含有最高级(the best)，不定代词(anything)，序数词(first)时连接词只能用that。
e.g. This is the best film that I’ve ever seen
Chapter 7
1. make a decision=decide to do 决定做某事
2. different adj. 不同的difference n. 不同的地方
3. life n. 生活，生命 lives 复数
4. on介词（关于）
about 介词（关于）
5. speak to sb. 对某人说话
6. This is what they said 这就是他们所说的
7. be aged 14 14岁
8. an amount of+不可数名词
9. a generous amount of=a large amount of+不可数名词
a number of +可数名词复数
many+可数名词复数
much+不可数名词
a lot of=lots of+可数/不可数名词
9. the end of mouth 月末
plain v. complaint n. 抱怨
Complain about sth. to sb. 向某人抱怨某事
11. a little water 量词+n.
Eat a little v.+量词
A little difficult 量词+形容词
12. give sb. sth. for doing 给某人…因为…
13. after all 毕竟
14. own adj. 自己的 v. 拥有owner n. 主人
15. have a happy childhood 度过一个快乐的童年
16. It is +adj. for sb. to do… 对某人来说做某事怎么样
17. seldom=not often 很少
18. latest=newest 最新的
①late迟到 be late for 做某事迟到 ②lately=recently 最近的 ③later …之后
19. anytime= at any time 任何时候
20. therefore,=so 因此
21. at the bottom of 在…底部
22. look after=take care of 照顾
23. pay…for sth. 支付
doing sth.
24. something useful 一些有用的东西
25. for example=for instance 举个例子
26. It’s bad to expect things for nothing.不劳而获是不对的
27. the whole + n. 一整个
the whole family 一整个家庭
28. be busy doing sth.忙于做某事
be busy with sth. 忙于某事
29. ask sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事
30. Let’s do…让我们
31. 感叹句What+ a+形容词+名词+　主+谓!
　　 What+ 形容词+复数名词+　主+谓!
How+形容词或副词+　主+谓!
32. offer sb. a job as 任命某人担任….
33. unfortunately 不幸地是
34. after doing… …之后
35. be willing to do=would like to do愿意做某事
36. insist on doing 坚持做某事
36. try doing 尝试做try to do 努力做
37. refuse to do… 拒绝做某事
38. either也（用于否定句）
Too 也 （用于肯定句）
39. in fact=actually 事实上
40. apologize to sb.=say sorry to sb.=make an apology to sb. 向某人道歉
41. look forward to doing=expect to do 期待做某事
42. prefer to do rather than do 宁愿…也不愿…
=Would rather do than do
=Prefer doing to doing
43. hope to do/hope that+从句
44. make sure(确信) to
of
that +从句
45.the whole world=all the world 全世界
Language
直接引语变间接引语
He said, “ I like it very much. ”（直接）
He said that he liked it very much. (间接)
主句从句时态一致
1. 人称变化
2. 时态变化：
直接引语direct speech 间接引语indirect speech
一般现在时 一般过去时
现在进行时 过去进行时
现在完成时 过去完成时
一般过去时 过去完成时
一般将来时 过去将来时
过去完成时 过去完成时
3. 时间变化:next week→ the next week ,tonight→ that night, now→ then
tomorrow→ the next day, …ago→…before
She said , ”I went there yesterday.”一般过去时
She said that she had gone there the day before.过去完成时
直接引语表述的是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变
The geography teacher said, “The earth is round.”
The geography teacher said that the earth is round.