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hand over “把……交给”
短语hand over的意思为“移交，交出”。例如：
1. The thief was handed over to the police.
2. When Mr. Jones gets old, he will hand over his business to his son.
【拓展】 与动词hand搭配的常见短语还有：
hand in 提交，上交
hand out 分发
hand down 把……传下来
【小试】 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
This skill was _________ from generation to generation in the family.
A. handed in B. handed out C. handed over D. handed down
Key: D
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in surprise
in surprise 意为“吃惊地，惊奇地”，是in + n. 短语，相当于副词。
【语境展示】
1. I cry out in surprise. 我由于惊奇而叫了出来。
2. Tom looked at me in surprise. 汤姆惊讶地望着我。
【拓展】 surprise 还可以构成以下短语：
to one’s surprise 出乎某人意料的是
take sb. by surprise 使某人吃惊；出乎某人意料
例如：
To my surprise, my grandma gave me a beautiful present on my birthday.
His frankness took the professor by surprise.
【归纳】 in + n.构成的词组还有：
in peace 和平地，安静地 in public 公开地
in silence 无声地 in person 亲自 in general 大体上
【小试】 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. _____, the boy who didn’t spend much time on English passed the final exam.
A. By surprise B. To my surprised
C. To my surprise D. To me surprising
2. For much of the early part of the conversation, I just sat there _____.
A. in surprise B. in public C. in person D. in silence
Key: 1. C 2. D
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Lesson 3难句解析
1. One of their men, speaking in English, remarked that he had worked in England for some years and that he was fed up to the neck with this war and would be glad when it was over.(P24)
他们当中有个人说英语，提到了他在英国工作过几年，他说他对这场该死的战争早就烦透了，如果战争结束他会非常高兴的。
本句是一个复合句，主干结构是：One of their men remarked that ... and that ...。现在分词短语speaking in English充当定语，修饰one of their men，相当于定语从句who spoke in English； that he had worked in England for some years 和that he was fed up ... 是两个并列的宾语从句，其中，第一个that可省略，第二个that不可省略； was fed up to the neck with this war和would be glad是第二个that引导的从句中的并列谓语。when it was over 是条件状语从句；be fed up to the neck with sth. 意为“对……极其厌烦”。
2. We’d formed a bond and during the whole of Boxing Day we never fired a shot and they the same; each side seemed to be waiting for the other to set the ball rolling. (P24)
我们达成共识，圣诞节的第二天（节礼日），我们一枪也没有打，他们也没有打，好像都在等待对方开火。
这是由分号连接的并列句。分号前面一个句子中， they the same是一个省略句，相当于： they never fired a shot either；分号后面的句子中， set the ball rolling意为“开始做某事”。
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Lesson 1重点句式
1. take things further with ...
【原句展示】 Smith is not going to take things further with the police. (P20)
史密斯不打算向警方进一步追究这件事情了。
句中的take things further with表示“采取进一步行动；发展进一步关系”。例如：
He threatened to take things further with the authorities.
他威胁要采取进一步行动，把事情报告给官方。
If you don’t want to take things further with her, why are you still with her
既然你不想跟她进一步发展关系，为什么还要跟她在一起呢？
2. what of ...
【原句展示】 And what of McKay (P20) 那迈奇又怎样呢？
句中的what of ...？表示“……的情况怎么样呢？”。例如：
What of your brother I haven’t seen him for ages.
你哥哥怎么样？我已经很久没见到他了。
—What of the planes “那些飞机怎么样了？”
—Returned to the bases. “都回到了基地。”
【拓展】 短语what of it？表示“那又怎么样呢？”、“那又有什么关系呢？”, 相当于so what。例如：
Even if I miss the meeting, what of it
即使我不出席这次会议，那又有什么了不起呢？
His speech may not be exactly standard English, but what of it？
他讲的可能不是地道的标准英语，但那又有什么关系呢？
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Lesson 3词语点击
shoot “射击”
【观察】 阅读下列句子，在a-d中找出与shoot相对应的英语释义，并写出汉语意思。
1. Three people were shot dead during the robbery.
2. I’m coming out with my hands up: don’t shoot.
3. He shot two goals in the game.
4. The new movie was shot in Africa.
a. to fire a gun or other weapon
b. to make a film or photograph of something
c. to kick, hit or throw a ball into a goal
d. to kill or wound a person or an animal with a bullet, etc.
Key: 1. d 射杀，射伤 2. a 开枪，射击 3. c 射门，投篮 4. b 拍摄，摄影
【温馨提示】
学习shoot这个词的时候，大家要注意它的过去式和过去分词是shot, 现在分词是shooting。
【拓展】 shoot可以构成以下短语：
shoot at ... 向……射击 shoot down 击毙，击落，打下
【小试】 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
1. 别开枪——我投降。
_____ — I surrender.
2. 这部电影拍成了黑白片。
The film was _____ in black and white.
3. 他向一只鸟开枪，但是没有打中。
He _____ a bird, but missed it.
4. 几架飞机被敌人的炮火击落了。
Several planes were _____ by enemy fire.
Key: 1. Don’t shoot 2. shot 3. shot at 4. shot down
remark “评论，说到”
【语境展示】 阅读下列句子，体会remark的不同用法。
1. It is rude to remark on / upon the appearance of other people.
2. A local newspaper remarked that crime was on the decrease.
3. He had a habit of making humorous remarks.
【用法小结】
1. remark可作不及物动词也可作及物动词。作不及物动词时，常用的结构是remark on / upon sb. / sth.，意思为“评论，谈论某人 / 某事”； 作及物动词时， remark后可以接that从句，意思为“某人说 / 评论……”。
2. remark还可以作可数名词，意思为“话语，评论”。例如: His remarks were intended for me. 他的话是冲着我来的。
greet “问候, 致意”
【观察】 阅读下列句子，在a-c中找出与greet相对应的汉语意思。
1. His speech was greeted with warm applause.
2. The girl greets her teacher by saying “Good morning”.
3. Tom’s dog runs to greet him the moment he gets home.
a. 问候，打招呼
b. （以特定方式）对……作出反应
c. 迎接
Key: 1. b 2. a 3. c
【拓展】 greet常构成以下短语：
greet sb. (with sth.) 和某人打招呼（问好）；欢迎；迎接
greet sb. / sth. (with sth.) 对……作出反应，通常用被动语态
【联想】 greeting n. 问候；招呼；致意。例如：
She waved a friendly greeting. 她友好地挥手致意。
greetings 祝词，贺词。例如：
Christmas / birthday greetings 圣诞 / 生日祝词
【小试】 翻译下列句子。
1. 中国人欢天喜地迎国庆。
2. 他那天在街上向我挥手打招呼。
3. 他们引起了其他人的捧腹大笑。
4. 所有客人到达时他都热情接待。
Key:
1. The Chinese people greet National Day with boundless joy.
2. He greeted me in the street with a wave that day.
3. They were greeted with loud laughter.
4. He greeted all the guests warmly as they arrived.
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Lesson 2重点词组
put forward
put forward 提出；推荐；（使）提前
【例句】
The plan you put forward at the meeting is well worth considering.
你在会上提出的建议很值得考虑。
We all put him forward for the position of club secretary.
我们一致推举他当俱乐部秘书。
They have put forward the date of their wedding by one week.
他们把婚礼日期提前了一周。
【拓展】
与动词put搭配的常见短语还有：
put away 收拾起来；储存 put off 推迟 put on 穿上；上演
put out扑灭 put up举起；张贴 put up with容忍；忍受
【小试】
用put短语的适当形式填空。
1. The basketball match has been _____ till next Friday.
2. What do you think of the suggestion _____ by Mr. Wang
3. What about _____ a map of the world on the front wall
4. The fire had been _____ by the time the firefighters arrived.
5. The audience spoke highly of the play _____ by the comedians.
6. It is wise of you to have some money _____ for old age.
7. The boy’s bad manners were more than we could _____.
Key:
1. put off 2. put forward
3. putting up 4. put out
5. put on 6. put away
7. put up with
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look into
【语境展示】 辨一辨look into在下列句子中的意思。
1. She looked eagerly into my eyes for the answer.
2. The police looked into the case.
3. The teacher looked into the room to check out if everyone was there.
4. Mr. Jones said he was looking into the possibility of buying a house．
a. 调查, 研究 b. 注视，看 c. 往……里看
Key: 1. b 2. a 3. c 4. a
【及时复习】
look after 照顾，照料
look back (on sth.) 回忆，回顾
look down on / upon 看不起，轻视
look for 寻找
look up to 尊敬，敬仰
look out 当心，注意
look around 环视，环顾
look forward to 盼望，期待
【小试】 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. This is a report _______ the cause of unemployment, so you must read it carefully.
A. looking for B. looking after
C. looking into D. looking back
2. The building around the corner caught fire last night. The police are now _______ the matter. (湖北 2006)
A. seeing through B. working out
C. looking into D. watching over
3. —_______ for the glass!
—It’s OK. I’m wearing shoes. (湖南 2004)
A. Look out B. Walk out C. Go out D. Set out
Key: 1. C 2. C 3. A
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Lesson 1难句解析
1. Yang Ming’s neighbours say they were being driven mad being exposed to such noise. (P20)
= Yang Ming’s neighbours say they were being driven mad by the noise.
点拨：这是个包含有that引导的宾语从句(that已省略)的复合句。 drive sb. mad意为“将某人逼疯”，were being driven mad是过去进行时的被动语态，充当宾语从句的谓语；being exposed to such noise是现在分词短语的被动式作状语，表原因。
句意：杨明的邻居们说处于这样的噪音中他们快要被逼疯了。
2. She added that it wasn’t so much the water falling onto their balcony from Smith watering his plants that bothered them, it was more the way he cleaned his fish tanks. (P20)
= She added that although the water that fell onto their balcony when Smith watered his plants annoyed them to some degree, they were (much) more annoyed by the way he cleaned his fish tanks.
点拨：falling ... his plants 是现在分词短语作定语修饰water；Smith watering his plants是动名词的复合结构（相当于Smith’s watering his plants），作介词from的宾语； he cleaned his fish tanks是定语从句，修饰先行词way。
句意：她又补充道，其实使他们真正烦恼的不是史密斯浇花落到阳台上的水，而是史密斯清洁鱼缸的方式。
3. We’d be sitting there happily reading our newspapers, when suddenly so much water would come from above that we’d be as wet as if we’d showered with our clothes on! (P20)
= We’d be sitting happily on our balcony reading newspapers, when suddenly a huge amount of water would come above, soaking us to the skin.
句意：我们本来坐在那里开开心心地看报纸，突然间很多水从天而降，我们就好像穿着衣服洗澡一样全身湿透了。
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How to write a letter of complaint
如何写投诉信
Not every service or product meets with our satisfaction. When we are dissatisfied, we should voice our dissatisfaction. In this way, we can hopefully get the seller or provider to replace the defective goods, resupply the service, or refund our money. No seller likes to do any of these, but our carefully written letter of complaint may motivate him / her to do so.
When we write a letter of complaint, we will do well to keep these tips in mind: First, be courteous (有礼貌的) though firm. We will not win the seller’s cooperation by showing our anger. Secondly, be reasonable. Show logically and factually that the responsibility lies with the seller. The seller should be impressed with our fairness and grasp of the facts in the matter. Thirdly, be specific about what is wrong. Be equally specific about what we want done about it. Lastly, say how we have been hurt or inconvenienced by the problem. This strengthens our argument for compensation.
If we follow these tips in writing our letters of complaint, chances are that we may succeed in what we intend.
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Lesson 2词语点击
appoint“任命”
【语境展示】 把下列句子翻译成汉语，注意appoint的不同用法。
1. He was appointed mayor of the city.
2. The headmaster will appoint a date for the examination.
3. The time appointed for the meeting was 10 o’clock.
Key:
1. 他被任命为那个城市的市长。
2. 校长将会指定考试日期。
3. 约定的开会时间是10点。
【及时点拨】 appoint 是及物动词，可以接双宾语，它在课本中的意思为“任命，委派”；除此之外，它还可以表达“指定（时间，地点）；约定”等意思。
【拓展】
appointment n. 约会，约定；任命
make an appointment with ... 与……约会 / 预约
keep an appointment 准时赴约
tip“有用的建议”
【语境展示】 仔细阅读下列句子，指出tip在各句中的汉语意思。
1. He left a tip under the waiter’s plate.
2. Here is a handy tip for removing stains from clothing.
3. There is a drop of water on the tip of the leaf.
Key: 1. 小费 2. 有用的建议 3. 末端
【及时点拨】 tip 作 “有用的建议”讲时, 常与介词on / for搭配使用，如：tips on healthy eating, tips for Christmas entertainment。 此外它还有 “小费;末端”等意思。
【高考链接】
Put the _____ of your tongue against your upper teeth when you produce the sound.
(上海 2006春)
A. tip B. top C. peak D. pole
Key: A
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even worse than that 更糟糕的是
【原句展示】
Even worse than that, the bike is not stable and is extremely badly made. (P26)
更糟糕的是，那辆自行车既不稳固而且制作也极其粗糙。
句中的even worse than that意为“更糟糕的是”，在文中起承上启下的作用。类似的表达方式还有： what’s (even) worse, worse still, to make matters worse。例如：
We were trapped in the heavy snow. Even worse than that, our car was running out of gas.
我们被困在大雪中。更糟糕的是，我们的车快没油了。
It got dark, and what’s worse, it began to rain.
天黑了。更糟糕的是，开始下雨了。
He may be late. Worse still, he may not come at all.
他可能会迟到。或者更糟糕的是，他可能根本就不来。
Three of our players were ill, and to make matters worse, our main scorer had broken his ankle.
我们的三名运动员生病了。更糟糕的是，我们主要的得分运动员折断了踝关节。
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Lesson 1词语点击
expose“揭露, 暴露”
【观察】 观察下列句子, 尝试翻译expose在各句中的意思。
1. When he smiled he exposed a set of perfect white teeth.
他笑的时候__________了一口洁白漂亮的牙齿。
2. Lu Xun exposed the evil of the old society in his works.
鲁迅在他的作品中__________了旧社会的罪恶。
3. They have exposed the enemy’s plot to the light of day.
他们已经把敌人的阴谋 __________ 于光天化日之下。
Key: 1. 露出 2. 揭露 3. 暴露/揭露
【及时点拨】 expose 有“显露, 露出；揭露, 揭穿”等意思，它常和介词to搭配，构成短语 expose sb. / sth. to ... 意为“使面临……， 使接触……”或者be exposed to ..., 意为 “面临……; 接触……”。例如:
I would like to expose my students to art.
我想让我的学生接触艺术。
The worker was exposed to several dangerous chemicals.
这位工人接触了一些危险的化学药品。
【小试】 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
1. 泥土被洪水冲走, 露出了光秃秃的岩石。
The soil was washed away by the flood, __________ the bare rocks.
2. 婴儿被遗弃在风雨之中。
The baby was left __________ to the wind and rain.
3. 你不应该让士兵们冒不必要的风险。
You shouldn’t __________ your soldiers __________ unnecessary risks.
Key: 1. exposing 2. exposed 3. expose; to
bid “向……表示……”
【观察】 猜猜bid在各句中分别是什么意思，选择相应的英文释义并给出汉语意思。
1. She bid 50,000 yuan for the painting.
2. He bade his friends goodbye and left.
3. Several companies are bidding for the contract on the new buildings.
a. to offer to do work for a particular price, in competition with other offers
b. to offer a price in order to buy sth.
c. to say sth. as a greeting
Key: 1. b 出价 2 . c 说，打招呼 3. a 投标
【小试】 翻译下列句子。
1. 我那时出价3000元买了这件家具。
2. 学生们向老师道早安。
Key:
1. I bid 3,000 yuan for the furniture at that time.
2. The students bid good morning to the teacher. / The students bid the teacher good morning.
旧词“新”义
【观察】 下列每组句子中的划线单词都是同学们熟悉的老朋友了，仔细阅读并观察，看看它们在不同语境中的词性及汉语意思。
1. A. Follow this footpath and you’ll eventually hit the road.
B. She hit him on the head with her umbrella.
2. A. Their versions of how the accident happened conflict.
B. I like the French version better than the English one.
3. A. Hunger drove her to steal.
B. I drive to work every day.
4. A. Material about recent research has been added to this new edition.
B. I have nothing to add to my earlier statement.
5. A. The theatre was half empty.
B. I emptied out my pockets but could not find my keys.
1. A. __________ B. ___________
2. A. __________ B. ___________
3. A. __________ B. ___________
4. A. __________ B. ___________
5. A. __________ B. ___________
Key:
1. A. v. 到达（某地） B. v. 击，打
2. A. n. 说法，描述 B. n. 版本，译本
3. A. v. 迫使 B. v. 开车
4. A. v. 增加，添加 B. v. 补充说，继续说
5. A. adj. 空的 B. v. 倒空，掏空
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词语点击
intend “想要，打算”
【语境展示】 观察下列句子, 注意intend的不同用法。
1. Today, I intend to finish reading this book. 今天我打算看完这本书。
2. I intend studying abroad. 我打算出国留学。
3. Let’s ask her what she intends us to do. 让我们问问她想要我们做什么。
4. I intend that you shall take over the business. 我打算让你接管生意。
5. This book is intended for beginners. 这本书是为初学者编写的。
【用法小结】 intend 常用于以下结构：
(1) _____ 打算做某事，如句1和句2；
(2) _____ 想让某人做某事，如句3；
(3) intend 后接that从句表示“按计划，有目的做……”，如句4。
另外，intend可以用于_____ 结构，意为“专为……而设计的；专供……使用的”, 如句5。
Key:
intend to do / doing sth.; intend sb. to do sth.; be intended for sb. / sth.
【联想】 intention n. 目的，意图
【谚语】
One should never intend to harm others; nor should one forget to guard against others’ evil intentions.
害人之心不可有，防人之心不可无。
possess “拥有”
【观察】 阅读下列句子，在a-c中找出与possess相对应的英语释义，并写出汉语意思。
1. The couple possess property all over the world.
2. Does he possess the necessary patience to do the job well
3. I don’t know what possessed him to drive so fast down that busy street.
a. to control the way that a person thinks, behaves, etc.
b. to have or own sth. as one’s belongings
c. to have sth. as a quality
Key: 1. b占有，拥有 2. c具有某种品质 3. a 控制，支配
【拓展】
们习惯用 be possessed of sth. 这个结构来表达“具有某种品质”。例如：
She is possessed of a calm temperament. 她性情文静。
【联想】 possession n. 财产
【谚语】
Love is to give, not to possess.
爱在于给予，而不是占有。
The more we possess, the less we own of ourselves.
拥有越多，越迷失自我。
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