2009年高三英语精编复习资料第二部分：语法专题（主谓一致）
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| 名称 | 2009年高三英语精编复习资料第二部分：语法专题（主谓一致） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2009-07-08 12:45:00 | ||
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2009年高三英语精编复习资料第二部分：语法专题（主谓一致）
主谓一致是指主语和谓语动词在人称和数的方面一致, 学习主谓一致应熟记一些语法规则。高考对主谓一致的考查多集中高考资源网总在主语后面带有介词的名词的一致上, 但学生也应住其他的一些语法规则。处理主谓一致关系一般采取概念一致. 就近一致及语法一致的三个原则。
一、语法一致
1. 由and 连接的两个名词做主语, 表示不同的人或事, 谓语动词用复数。
What he said and what he did have greatly encouraged the other students.
2. and 连接的两个名词指同一个人或物时, 谓语动词用单数。21世纪教育网
The famous writer and poet has given a talk twice a day.
3. 由no…and no … , each…and each … , every … and every …,many a … and many a … 等构成复合主语时 , 谓语动词用单数。
Every boy and every girl has the right to get education.
Many a desk and many a chair has been taken out of the classroom.
4. 两个单数名词用and 并列表示一个概念或是不可分割的整体做主语, 位于用单数。常见的此类短语有 war and peace , iron and steel , a needle and threat , bread and butter ,a cart and horse 等。
egg and rice is her usual breakfast. 21世纪教育网
5. 主语后面带有as well as, rather than, like, but, expect, besides, with, together with, along with, including, in addition to, as much as, more than, 等词连接的名词, 根据语法一致的原则, 谓语动词根据这些词前的主语来确定动词的形式。
The professor together with a number of students was doing experiments in chemistry in the lab at that time.
二、临近性原则
1. 由连词or, either…or, neither…nor, whether…or, not only…but also, not…but 等连接主语, 谓语动词与最靠近的主语保持一致。
如：Was he or you in the next room just now 21世纪教育网
2. 谓语动词与介词后面的名词的数一致。
1） all of ; most of ; a lot of ; some of ; half of ; the rest of ; plenty of ; part of ; two-third of 等加名词做主语时, 谓语动词根据名词的数而定。
如：The rest of the boys were out. All of the work has been done.
2） none of ; neither of 接名词有时做复数看待, 有时作单数看待, 主要取决于说话人的意思。如：None of them has arrived yet at the settlement.
None of them have arrived yet.
3）“one of + 复数名词”后的定语从句谓语用复数。而 “the /only one of +复数名词”后的定语从句位于动词用单数。21世纪教育网
如：He is the only one of the students who has been to Shanghai.
He is one of the students who have been to Shanghai.
4） many / few / quiet a few / a good many / a large number of / millions of 连接复数名词时谓语动词用复数。
如：A great number of scientists invited are present at the conference.
5） much / little / quite a little / a great deal of / a bit of + 不可数名词+单数谓语。
如：There is little water in the bottle.
6） more than + 复数名词+复数谓语 more than one + 单数谓语
7）amount of + 不可数名词做主语, 谓语动词的单复数决定于amount 的数。
如：A large amount of money was spent on the great bridge.
Large amounts of money were spent on the great bridge.
8） a day or two + 单数 one day or two days +复数
如：A day or two has passed.
One or two days have passed.
9） a （large ） quantity of + 名词作主语, 谓语动词
10）如果主语用kind of 等表示种类的词作主语, 位于动词一般按语法一致的原则决定单复数。21世纪教育网
A）this kind of + 单数（或复数）名词, 谓语动词用单数
例：This kind of men is dangerous.
B） 如果复数名词中心词作主语, 谓语动词用复数。
例：Men of this kind are dangerous.
C） 如果kind of 前有复数限定词, 谓语动词用复数。
例：These kind（s） of men interest me.
三、逻辑意义上的一致
1. 某些集体名词, 如family, team, class, enemy, majority, group, government, public, party, army, firm, company等, 如视作一个整体, 作单数用。如果指该集体的各个成员, 则作复数用。例：His family is small.His family are all model workers.
2. people, police, cattle, poultry （家禽）等有生命的集体名词, 位于动词用复数形式。
例：The police are looking for the missing child.
3. 以-s结尾的名词21世纪教育网
1） 学科名称如：politics, physics, mathematics, economics 等以及书名.游戏名. 疾病名作主语时, 谓语动词常用单数。
如：The Arabian Nights （天方夜谭） is a popular reading with the young people.
Diabetes（糖尿病） is a common disease.
2） 由两部分构成的物体如 glasses, scissors, trousers, jeans 等作主语时, 谓语动词常用复数。如： The glasses are yours.
但物体前若用pair of , 谓语动词的单复数, 常取决于pair 前的单复数。
如：There are some new pairs of compasses.
4. 表示时间, 重量, 距离, 金钱等名词作主语时, 往往把这类复数成一个整体, 谓语动词用单数。如： Fifteen miles seems like a long walk to me.
One hundred dollars is not a large sum of money.
5. 不定式, 动名词, 从句作主语, 谓语用单数。例：To teach is to learn.
6. 表示地方, 国家, 机构, 等专有名词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数,
如：The New York Times is published daily.
7. 表示群岛, 山脉, 瀑布, 运动会等专有名词作主语时, 谓语动词用复数。
如：The Olympic Games are held once every four years. 21世纪教育网
8. 少数名词如means, works, pains, 等作主语时, 谓语动词单复数根据所表达的概念而定。
如： Every means has been tried.All possible means have been tried.
9. 数词one 后跟in, of, out of, 引起的介词词组作主语是时, 谓语动词一般用单数。
如：One out of twenty was badly damaged.
典型例题：
1. I think Tom, ______ you, ______ to blame.
A. rather than; is B. rather than; are C. more than; are D. less that; is
解析：这一例题考查的是名词后面跟except , as well as , rather than 等句子的主谓一致, 这时句子的谓语应和介词前面的词保持一致。rather than ,“而不是”, 主语是Tom。故谓语用单数。答案：A
2. It is said that more students than one ______ the film.
A. has seen B. have seen C. see D. sees 21世纪教育网
解析： more than one 谓语动词用单数, more +复数名词than one 谓语动词用复数
21世纪教育网 -- 中国最大型、最专业的中小学教育资源门户网站。 版权所有@21世纪教育网
2009年高三英语精编复习资料第二部分：语法专题（主谓一致）
主谓一致是指主语和谓语动词在人称和数的方面一致, 学习主谓一致应熟记一些语法规则。高考对主谓一致的考查多集中高考资源网总在主语后面带有介词的名词的一致上, 但学生也应住其他的一些语法规则。处理主谓一致关系一般采取概念一致. 就近一致及语法一致的三个原则。
一、语法一致
1. 由and 连接的两个名词做主语, 表示不同的人或事, 谓语动词用复数。
What he said and what he did have greatly encouraged the other students.
2. and 连接的两个名词指同一个人或物时, 谓语动词用单数。21世纪教育网
The famous writer and poet has given a talk twice a day.
3. 由no…and no … , each…and each … , every … and every …,many a … and many a … 等构成复合主语时 , 谓语动词用单数。
Every boy and every girl has the right to get education.
Many a desk and many a chair has been taken out of the classroom.
4. 两个单数名词用and 并列表示一个概念或是不可分割的整体做主语, 位于用单数。常见的此类短语有 war and peace , iron and steel , a needle and threat , bread and butter ,a cart and horse 等。
egg and rice is her usual breakfast. 21世纪教育网
5. 主语后面带有as well as, rather than, like, but, expect, besides, with, together with, along with, including, in addition to, as much as, more than, 等词连接的名词, 根据语法一致的原则, 谓语动词根据这些词前的主语来确定动词的形式。
The professor together with a number of students was doing experiments in chemistry in the lab at that time.
二、临近性原则
1. 由连词or, either…or, neither…nor, whether…or, not only…but also, not…but 等连接主语, 谓语动词与最靠近的主语保持一致。
如：Was he or you in the next room just now 21世纪教育网
2. 谓语动词与介词后面的名词的数一致。
1） all of ; most of ; a lot of ; some of ; half of ; the rest of ; plenty of ; part of ; two-third of 等加名词做主语时, 谓语动词根据名词的数而定。
如：The rest of the boys were out. All of the work has been done.
2） none of ; neither of 接名词有时做复数看待, 有时作单数看待, 主要取决于说话人的意思。如：None of them has arrived yet at the settlement.
None of them have arrived yet.
3）“one of + 复数名词”后的定语从句谓语用复数。而 “the /only one of +复数名词”后的定语从句位于动词用单数。21世纪教育网
如：He is the only one of the students who has been to Shanghai.
He is one of the students who have been to Shanghai.
4） many / few / quiet a few / a good many / a large number of / millions of 连接复数名词时谓语动词用复数。
如：A great number of scientists invited are present at the conference.
5） much / little / quite a little / a great deal of / a bit of + 不可数名词+单数谓语。
如：There is little water in the bottle.
6） more than + 复数名词+复数谓语 more than one + 单数谓语
7）amount of + 不可数名词做主语, 谓语动词的单复数决定于amount 的数。
如：A large amount of money was spent on the great bridge.
Large amounts of money were spent on the great bridge.
8） a day or two + 单数 one day or two days +复数
如：A day or two has passed.
One or two days have passed.
9） a （large ） quantity of + 名词作主语, 谓语动词
10）如果主语用kind of 等表示种类的词作主语, 位于动词一般按语法一致的原则决定单复数。21世纪教育网
A）this kind of + 单数（或复数）名词, 谓语动词用单数
例：This kind of men is dangerous.
B） 如果复数名词中心词作主语, 谓语动词用复数。
例：Men of this kind are dangerous.
C） 如果kind of 前有复数限定词, 谓语动词用复数。
例：These kind（s） of men interest me.
三、逻辑意义上的一致
1. 某些集体名词, 如family, team, class, enemy, majority, group, government, public, party, army, firm, company等, 如视作一个整体, 作单数用。如果指该集体的各个成员, 则作复数用。例：His family is small.His family are all model workers.
2. people, police, cattle, poultry （家禽）等有生命的集体名词, 位于动词用复数形式。
例：The police are looking for the missing child.
3. 以-s结尾的名词21世纪教育网
1） 学科名称如：politics, physics, mathematics, economics 等以及书名.游戏名. 疾病名作主语时, 谓语动词常用单数。
如：The Arabian Nights （天方夜谭） is a popular reading with the young people.
Diabetes（糖尿病） is a common disease.
2） 由两部分构成的物体如 glasses, scissors, trousers, jeans 等作主语时, 谓语动词常用复数。如： The glasses are yours.
但物体前若用pair of , 谓语动词的单复数, 常取决于pair 前的单复数。
如：There are some new pairs of compasses.
4. 表示时间, 重量, 距离, 金钱等名词作主语时, 往往把这类复数成一个整体, 谓语动词用单数。如： Fifteen miles seems like a long walk to me.
One hundred dollars is not a large sum of money.
5. 不定式, 动名词, 从句作主语, 谓语用单数。例：To teach is to learn.
6. 表示地方, 国家, 机构, 等专有名词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数,
如：The New York Times is published daily.
7. 表示群岛, 山脉, 瀑布, 运动会等专有名词作主语时, 谓语动词用复数。
如：The Olympic Games are held once every four years. 21世纪教育网
8. 少数名词如means, works, pains, 等作主语时, 谓语动词单复数根据所表达的概念而定。
如： Every means has been tried.All possible means have been tried.
9. 数词one 后跟in, of, out of, 引起的介词词组作主语是时, 谓语动词一般用单数。
如：One out of twenty was badly damaged.
典型例题：
1. I think Tom, ______ you, ______ to blame.
A. rather than; is B. rather than; are C. more than; are D. less that; is
解析：这一例题考查的是名词后面跟except , as well as , rather than 等句子的主谓一致, 这时句子的谓语应和介词前面的词保持一致。rather than ,“而不是”, 主语是Tom。故谓语用单数。答案：A
2. It is said that more students than one ______ the film.
A. has seen B. have seen C. see D. sees 21世纪教育网
解析： more than one 谓语动词用单数, more +复数名词than one 谓语动词用复数
21世纪教育网 -- 中国最大型、最专业的中小学教育资源门户网站。 版权所有@21世纪教育网