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Unit 1 Nothing ventured, nothing gained
重难点·考点点击归纳
1. I secretly hid aboard the ship, Endurance, in a small cupboard. [P.3]
[考点] aboard
[点拨] aboard可用作副词或介词,表示“在船(或飞机、火车、公共汽车)上(里)”。on board也可以表达这层意思。
[例句展示]
Little Tom and the sailors spent two months aboard.
小汤姆和水手们在船上过了两个月。
The No. N4576 flight will take off; all the passengers on board fasten the seatbelts, please.
N4576号航班马上就要起飞了,机上所有的乘客请系好安全带。
[拓展] 对比一组形似词:board作名词时意为“木板,委员会,伙食,考试,舞台”;作动词时意为“登机,上船,住宿,寄宿”。abroad作副词时意为“在国外,广为流传”;broad作形容词时意为“宽大的”;aboard作副词、介词时意为“在船上,飞机上,火车上”。
[例句展示]
The passengers are waiting to board.
那些乘客正在侯机。
Mark didn’t mind it because he has a broad mind.
马克没有介意这件事,因为他有宽阔的胸怀。
Paul’s brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting. 保罗
弟弟以前从未出过国,所以他觉得这次旅行十分令人兴奋。
【试题链接】
You must not take combustible(易燃的) goods _____ because they are dangerous to the ship.
A. abroad B. broad
C. aboard D. board
解析:C。take...aboard “带……上船”等。
2. Anyhow, Shackleton seemed interested in my silly behaviour and accepted the situation.[P.3]
[考点] anyhow
[点拨] anyhow表示“不管怎样,无论如何”,还常用来加强语气,表示“到底,究竟”或用来转换话题等。
[例句展示]
How old are you anyhow
你到底多大岁数
Anyhow I must finish this work today.
无论如何,我今天必须完成这项工作。
[拓展] anyway和anyhow同义,但前者多用于美式英语,后者多用于英式英语。另外,anyway在句中用作副词,日常会话中anyhow已经较少使用。
【试题链接】
1) I’m certain David’s told you his business troubles. _____, it’s not a secret that he owes a lot of money to the bank. (2006年湖北卷)
A. However B. Anyway
C. Therefore D. Though
解析:B。anyway此处表示转换话题、结束谈话或转到原话题。
2) — Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the British Museum
— Sorry, I’m a stranger here.
— _____. (2007年辽宁卷)
A. Thanks anyway B. It doesn’t matter
C. Never mind D. No problem.
解析:A。Thanks anyway意为“还是要谢谢你”。尽管别人不能帮你,但是你同样要表示谢意。
3. I believe Shackleton must have mourned this unexpected end to his expedition, but he did not waste time on regrets. [P.3]
[考点] “must have+过去分词”结构。
[点拨] “must have+过去分词”结构表示对过去事件的“肯定猜测”。注意:在含有这种结构的句子的反意疑问句中,如果句中有具体的过去时间,附加疑问部分用didn’t;如无具体的过去时间,附加疑问部分用hasn’t / haven’t。
[例句展示]
The headmaster must have gone to bed, for there was no light in his room just a moment ago, didn’t he?
校长肯定已经睡了,因为刚才他的房间里没有灯光,对吧?
Susan must have told you about it, hasn’t she
苏珊一定已经告诉您了,是吧?
[拓展] “情态动词+ have done”表示对已发生的事情进行推测,其意义不尽相同:
1)can / could have done“可能做了……”,是对过去发生的事情或状态的不太有把握的推测。
2)might have done意为“也许可能做了”;表示对过去情况的不确定的推测。
3)should / ought to have done “本应该做了”,表示本应该做某事而实际上没有做;其否定式shouldn’t / oughtn’t to have done表示“本来不应该做”,表示某种行为不该发生但却发生了。
4)needn’t have done “本来没有必要做而做了,本不必做”。
【试题链接】
1) — Where is my dictionary I remember I put it here yesterday.
— You _____ it in the wrong place. (2007年江西卷)
A. must put B. should have put
C. might put D. might have put
解析: D。
2) — She looks very happy. She ______ have passed the exam.
— I guess so. It’s not difficult after all. (2007年江苏卷)
A. should B. could C. must D. might
解析:C。根据“她看起来很开心”和答语中“题目不难”的信息,可判断她“一定”通过了考试,故选答案C。
4. The danger of what lay ahead of them, the chances of them ever returning to find us, the fear that we might never know their fate and possible delays... [P9]
[考点] delay
[点拨] delay用作名词,意为“延期,延缓,推迟”,常用于短语without delay,相当于at once。用作动词时,delay多表示因意外情况造成的“耽搁,延迟,延期”,多指暂时阻挠或阻挡,稍后可再继续进行,常跟until,for短语,跟v-ing形式作宾语。
[例句展示]
The steamer was delayed by bad weather.
汽轮因天气不佳而延期。
You need to get those vegetables planted without delay.
你需要把这些蔬菜马上栽上。
The opening of this section of the road is delayed until September.
这部分路的开通要推迟到九月份。
[拓展] put off “推迟,拖延,搪塞”,多指人为地拖后,常用于口语。
[例句展示]
Don’t put off until tomorrow what can be done today.
今日可做的事不要拖到明天。
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