Unit 4 Sharing 教案---语法（新人教选修7)
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| 名称 | Unit 4 Sharing 教案---语法（新人教选修7) |  | |
| 格式 | rar | ||
| 文件大小 | 17.5KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2009-07-16 12:28:00 | ||
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Unit 4 Sharing. 语法
在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从句的关系代词有who，whom，whose，which，that等和关系副词where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。
1. 由who，whom，whose引导的定语从句这类定语从句中who用作主语，whom作宾语，whose作定语指人。例如：
① This is the man who helped me.
这位是帮过我的那个人。
② The Doctor whom you are looking for is in the room. 你找的那位大夫在屋里。
③ Do you know the man whose name is Thompson
你认识那个叫汤普森的人吗？
2. which引导的定语从句
这类从句只能指物，which在从句中作主语或谓语动词或介词的宾语。例如：
① This is the book which you want.
这就是你要的那本书。
② The building which stands near the river is our school.
河边的那栋楼是我们学校。
③ The room in which there is a machine is a workshop. 有机器的房间是车间。
1）whom，whose，which作介词宾语时，介词一般可放在它们之前，也可放在从句原来的位置上，在含有介词的动词固定词组中，介词只能放在原来的位置上。例如：
This is the person whom you are looking for. 这位就是你在找的那个人。
2）引导非限定性定语从句时，关系代词往往用which，不用that。例如：
I have lost my book, which I like very much. 我的书丢了，我非常喜欢那本书。
3. 由that引导的定语从句
that在定语从句中可以指人或物，在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语。但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语。例如：
The letter that I received was from my father.
我收到的那封信是我父亲写给我的。
在下面几种情况下必须用“that”引导定语从句：
1）先行词是不定代词：all，few，little，much，something，nothing，anything等。例如：
All that we have to do is to practice every day. 我们要做的就是每天练习。
2）先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰，只用that，不用which。例如：
The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten. 我永远也忘不了所学的第一课。
The train is the last that will go to Suzhou.这是开往苏州的最后一趟车。
3）先行词是形容词最高级或被被形容词最高级修饰，只用that，不用which。
This is the best that has been used against pollution. 这是用来预防污染的最佳办法。
This is the most interesting film that I’ve ever seen. 这是我看过的最有趣的电影。
4）先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰。例如：
I have read all the books (that) you gave me.
你给我的书我全读完了。
5）先行词被the only，the very，the last修饰时。
He is the only person that I want to talk to.
他是惟一的我想跟说话的人。
The only possessions that I could see were a few tin plates and cups and a couple of pots.
我能看到的他们仅有的财产就是几个锡盘子、杯子和三两个罐子。
6）先行词既有人又有物时。例如：
They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.
他们谈论着他们能记起的那些在学校的人和事。
7)当先行词前面有who, which 等疑问代词时。
Who is the boy that won the gold medal
8) 当有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词已经用了which, 另一个宜用that.
Thay secretly built up a small favtory, which produced things that could cause pollution.
9) 当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词在从句中作表语。
Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be..
4. 由when / where / why引导的定语从句
① I know the reason why he came late.
我知道他为什么来晚了。
② This is the place where we lived for 5 years.
这就是我住过五年的地方。
③ I will never forget the day when I met Mr. Li.
我永远也忘不了遇到李先生的那天。
先行词表示地点时，有时用where，有时用that（which）引导定语从句。这时要看从句的谓语动词是及物动词还是不及物动词。如果是及物动词就用that（which），否则用where。例如：
① This is the house where he lived last year.
这就是他去年住过的房子。
② This is the house that (which) he visited last year.
这就是他去年去过的房子。
高考资源网
21世纪教育网 -- 中国最大型、最专业的中小学教育资源门户网站。 版权所有@21世纪教育网
Unit 4 Sharing. 语法
在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从句的关系代词有who，whom，whose，which，that等和关系副词where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。
1. 由who，whom，whose引导的定语从句这类定语从句中who用作主语，whom作宾语，whose作定语指人。例如：
① This is the man who helped me.
这位是帮过我的那个人。
② The Doctor whom you are looking for is in the room. 你找的那位大夫在屋里。
③ Do you know the man whose name is Thompson
你认识那个叫汤普森的人吗？
2. which引导的定语从句
这类从句只能指物，which在从句中作主语或谓语动词或介词的宾语。例如：
① This is the book which you want.
这就是你要的那本书。
② The building which stands near the river is our school.
河边的那栋楼是我们学校。
③ The room in which there is a machine is a workshop. 有机器的房间是车间。
1）whom，whose，which作介词宾语时，介词一般可放在它们之前，也可放在从句原来的位置上，在含有介词的动词固定词组中，介词只能放在原来的位置上。例如：
This is the person whom you are looking for. 这位就是你在找的那个人。
2）引导非限定性定语从句时，关系代词往往用which，不用that。例如：
I have lost my book, which I like very much. 我的书丢了，我非常喜欢那本书。
3. 由that引导的定语从句
that在定语从句中可以指人或物，在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语。但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语。例如：
The letter that I received was from my father.
我收到的那封信是我父亲写给我的。
在下面几种情况下必须用“that”引导定语从句：
1）先行词是不定代词：all，few，little，much，something，nothing，anything等。例如：
All that we have to do is to practice every day. 我们要做的就是每天练习。
2）先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰，只用that，不用which。例如：
The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten. 我永远也忘不了所学的第一课。
The train is the last that will go to Suzhou.这是开往苏州的最后一趟车。
3）先行词是形容词最高级或被被形容词最高级修饰，只用that，不用which。
This is the best that has been used against pollution. 这是用来预防污染的最佳办法。
This is the most interesting film that I’ve ever seen. 这是我看过的最有趣的电影。
4）先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰。例如：
I have read all the books (that) you gave me.
你给我的书我全读完了。
5）先行词被the only，the very，the last修饰时。
He is the only person that I want to talk to.
他是惟一的我想跟说话的人。
The only possessions that I could see were a few tin plates and cups and a couple of pots.
我能看到的他们仅有的财产就是几个锡盘子、杯子和三两个罐子。
6）先行词既有人又有物时。例如：
They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.
他们谈论着他们能记起的那些在学校的人和事。
7)当先行词前面有who, which 等疑问代词时。
Who is the boy that won the gold medal
8) 当有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词已经用了which, 另一个宜用that.
Thay secretly built up a small favtory, which produced things that could cause pollution.
9) 当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词在从句中作表语。
Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be..
4. 由when / where / why引导的定语从句
① I know the reason why he came late.
我知道他为什么来晚了。
② This is the place where we lived for 5 years.
这就是我住过五年的地方。
③ I will never forget the day when I met Mr. Li.
我永远也忘不了遇到李先生的那天。
先行词表示地点时，有时用where，有时用that（which）引导定语从句。这时要看从句的谓语动词是及物动词还是不及物动词。如果是及物动词就用that（which），否则用where。例如：
① This is the house where he lived last year.
这就是他去年住过的房子。
② This is the house that (which) he visited last year.
这就是他去年去过的房子。
高考资源网
21世纪教育网 -- 中国最大型、最专业的中小学教育资源门户网站。 版权所有@21世纪教育网