Module 6 Old and New 教材分析教案（外研社版）

本资料来自于资源最齐全的２１世纪教育网www.21cnjy.com
高中英语必修3 Module6 Old and New 教材分析教案
Introduction
1.The Great Wall of China is the longest man-made structure ever built.
中国的高考资源网长城是建筑史上最长的人造建筑物。
structure ［C］（大的）建筑物，建造物。例如：
The builders had put up a tall structure between the shops.
建筑工人已经在商店之间建起一座高层建筑。
The Parthenon is a magnificent structure.
帕台农神庙是一座宏伟的建筑物。
The model is an odd-looking structure of balls and rods.
这个模型是由球和杆组成的结构，样子很神奇。
2.Most of the Great Wall dates from the Ming Dynasty.
长城大部分城墙的建造时间要追溯到明朝。21世纪教育网
dynasty［C］王朝；朝代。例如：
during the Ming Dynasty 在明朝时期
the fall of the Sui Dynasty and the rise of the Tang Dynasty
隋朝的覆灭和唐朝的兴起
3.At the time it was built，Chek Lap Kok（Chi Lajiao） Airport in Hong Kong was the biggest civil engineering project of all time.
香港赤腊角机场在建造时，是有史以来最大的建筑工程项目。
engineering［U］工程，工程学；设计。例如：
He is studying engineering at college.
我正在大学学习工程学。
the engineering of the new railway
新铁路的设计
engineering college 工学院
engineering instructions 技术说明书
engineering report 技术报告
4.The terminal building is the largest covered space in the world.
机场客运大楼是世界上最大的有盖建筑物。
terminal adj.晚期的；末期的。［C］（火车、公共汽车等的）总站；航空终点站。例如：
terminal stages of cancer 癌症晚期
a terminal examination 期末考试
Please get off at the terminal station.
请在终点站下车。21世纪教育网
5.The airport is within five hours’ flying time of half the world’s population and is designed to accommodate 80 million passengers a year.
全球半数人口居住地均在距离香港5小时航程以内，按设计机场乘客处理量每年8000多万人次。
accommodate vt.容纳；提供住宿。例如：
One flat can accommodate a family of five.
一套单元房可容纳一个五口之家。
He will accommodate me with the use of his house，while he is abroad.
他在国外期间将把他的住宅供我使用。
6. The Three Gorges Dam is the largest hydro-electric dam in the world，more than 1.5 kilometres wide across the Yangtze River，the world’s third longest river.
三峡大坝是世界上的最大的水力发电大坝，它宽度达1.5公里，横跨世界上第三大河——长江。
hydro-electric adj.水力发电的。例如：
a hydro-electric power plant 水力发电厂
7. Its reservoir is more than 500 kilometres long.
其水库有500多公里长。
reservoir ［C］水库，蓄水池；储藏，汇集。例如：
This reservoir gives water to the whole city.
这个水库供全城用水。
The show is a veritable reservoir of new talent.
这次演出真是新秀荟萃。
Reading and Vocabulary
1.Mao Zedong wrote a poem in which he dreamed of “walls of stone to hold back clouds and rain till a smooth lake rises in the narrow gorges”.
毛泽东写过一首诗，诗中有这样的梦想“截断巫山云雨，高峡出平湖”。
dream v.做梦，梦见；梦想，想象。例如：
I didn’t dream last night.
我昨晚没有做梦。
I dreamt about my teacher last night.
昨天夜里我梦见我的老师了。
I dreamed that I was flying in the sky.
我梦见我在空中飞翔。
I dream of being the best footballer in the town.
我梦想成为全城最好的足球队员。
I dreamed a happy dream last night.
我昨晚做了一个快乐的梦。
narrow adj.狭窄的；狭小的；心胸狭窄的。例如：
The sidewalk was so narrow that we had to walk in single file.
人行道太狭窄，我们只好成一列纵队走。
It’s a narrow path.
那是一条小径。
hold back 阻止；抑制。例如：
The villagers built banks of earth to hold back the flood waters.
村民们筑起土坝，防止洪水泛滥。21世纪教育网
No one can hold back the wheel of history.
谁也无法阻止历史车轮的前进。
The boss was unable to hold back his anger any longer.
老板再也抑制不住怒火了。
2.Now his dream has come true.
他的梦想现在实现了。
come true（预言、梦想等）成为事实，实现。例如：
His dream of being a doctor has come true.
他当医生的愿望实现了。
3.The power of the Yangtze River，which is the world’s third longest river，has been harnessed by the Three Gorges Dam.
长江是世界第三大河流，其水力已被三峡大坝所拦截利用。
power［U］动力，电力；能力；权力。例如：
electric power电力
water power 水力
atomic power 原子动力
Carrying this baggage requires a lot of power.
搬运这个行李需要很大的力气。
This parrot has the power to imitate human words.
这只鹦鹉有模仿人类语言的能力。
Power should be used wisely.
应明智运用权力。
harness vt.利用（风、水等自然力）为动力。例如：
They are trying to harness the river to make electricity.
他们在努力利用河流发电。
People have taken various measures to harness the sun as a source of energy.
人们已经采取了各种各样的措施利用太阳作为能源。
4.The Three Gorges Dam，which is the biggest construction project in China since the building of the Great Canal，has been built to control flooding and provide hydro-electric power for the central region of China.
三峡大坝是自大运河开凿以来中国最大的建设工程，它的建造是为了控制洪水和向华中地区提供电力。
construction［U］建造，建设，构筑；［C］建筑物；建造物。例如：
The construction of the dam took several years.
建筑这座水坝花了许多年。
The bridge is under construction.
这座桥正在建造中。
The new gallery is an unusual construction.
那新美术馆是一个很特别的建筑物。21世纪教育网
5.It is the largest hydro-electric power station and dam in the world and has cost more than any other construction project in history.
三峡大坝是世界上最大的大坝和水力发电站，其建造费用超过了历史上任何一个建筑工程的费用。
hydro-electric power station 水力发电站
in history 历史上
6.Sun Yat-sen，who was the leader of the 1911 Revolution，first suggested the idea of a dam across the Yangtze River in 1919.
1911年辛亥革命的领导人孙中山，于1919年首先提出了建造横跨长江大坝的设想。
suggest vt.暗示，委婉地说；建议，提议（用虚拟语气）。例如：
That girl’s sun-tanned face suggests excellent health.
那个姑娘被晒黑了的脸表明她身体非常健康。
Her expression suggested that she did well in the exam.
她的表情表明她考得不错。
He suggested that the meeting（should） be put off.
他建议推迟会议时间。
He suggested going out for a walk.
他建议出去走走。
7. In 1993，China used 1.2 billion tons of coal for heating and generating electricity.
1993年，中国耗用了12亿吨煤来供热和发电。
generate vt.使产生（电气、热等）；使发生。例如：
Friction generates heat.
摩擦生热。
When coal burns，it generates heat.
煤燃烧时，产生热量。
8. The dam will generate electricity equal to about 40 million tons of coal without causing so much air pollution.
大坝发出的电量等于燃烧大约四千万吨煤所发出的电量，而且也不会造成那么大的空气污染。
equal to 等于，相同的；胜任的。例如：
One li is equal to half a kilometre.
一华里等于半公里。
It is equal to me whether he comes or not.
他来不来对我都一样。
John is quite equal to the job of running the office.
约翰很能胜任处理这个办事处的工作。
He is equal to this task./He is equal to doing this task.
他能胜任这项任务。21世纪教育网
9. The reservoir has flooded 2 cities，11 counties，140 towns and more than 4 000 villages.
三峡库区淹没了两座市级城市、11个县城、140个乡镇、4000多个村子。
flood v.淹没，浸水；（河流）泛滥。例如：
Every spring the river floods the fields.
每年春天河水都会泛滥，淹没农田。
The river flooded the valley.
河水淹没了河谷。
Our cellar floods after heavy rain.
我们的地下室在大雨后就泛滥成灾。
10.The Three Gores area is one of the most beautiful areas of China and the project has flooded some of China’s most famous historical sites，including the Qu Yuan Temple，the Han Watchtower and the Moya Cliff carvings.
三峡地区是中国最美丽的景区之一，因此三峡工程淹没了一些最著名的历史遗迹，包括屈原庙、汉阙、摩崖石刻等。
historical adj.历史的，历史上的，描述历史的。例如：
She is engaged in historical research.
她从事历史研究。
This is a historical novel.
这是一部历史小说。
site［C］（建筑物、事件等的）地点；现场，遗迹。例如：
The great hall was built on the site of a Rome fort.
大礼堂建在了古罗马城堡的遗址上。
The site of the new hotel is by the sea.
这座新旅馆的地基在海边。
The construction site of a new school was a hive of activity.
在这所新学校的建筑工地上到处是一片繁忙紧张的景象。
carving［C］雕刻品，雕刻物；［U］ 雕刻，雕刻术。例如：
carving set 一套切肉刀叉
carving fork切肉叉
carving knife（餐桌上用的）切肉刀
artistic carving雕刻工艺
jade carving玉雕
negative carving凹雕
porcelain carving瓷雕
shell carving贝雕
11. About 800 historical relics have been submerged.
有800多件历史遗迹为水所淹没。
①submerge v.把……放入水中，沉入水中；淹没。例如：
This is the wall submerged by flood water.
这就是被洪水淹没的墙。
The child submerged all her toys in the bath.
那孩子把所有的玩具都泡在浴盆里。
The submarine submerged to avoid enemy ships.
该潜艇潜入水下以躲避敌舰。
②relic ［C］遗物，遗迹。例如：
relics of ancient civilizations and beliefs
古代文明、信仰的遗迹21世纪教育网
unearthed relics 出土文物
12.Some of them are being removed and some are being put into museums.
有些历史遗物正在被搬迁，还有些正在被送进博物馆。
remove vt.使移动，使迁移。例如：
The status was removed to another site.
塑像已挪到另一个地方了。
They were removed from the English class.
他们已从英语班转走。
The patient was removed from the private room to a ward.
那病人从单人房移到大病房了。
Writing
1.I wanted to visit the house my grandparents lived in but I couldn’t，because the village has disappeared.
我本想参观我祖父母生活过的住房，却未能，因为那个村子消失了。
disappear vi.消失，失踪，绝迹（无被动语态）。例如：
That species disappeared in the Ice Age.
那个物种早在冰河时期就绝迹了。
The boy disappeared round the corner.
男孩在拐弯处消失了。
The sun disappeared behind a cloud.
太阳在云层后面消失了。
The ships seem to have disappeared off the face of the earth.
那些轮船似乎已经从地球表面消失了。
2.When I came back，the bus I took was full of visitors from other parts of China.
我回来时，所乘坐的车上坐满了来自全国各地的游客。
be full of 满的，充满的。例如：
The cup is full — it is full of milk.
这个杯子满了，装满了牛奶。
Her eyes were full of tears.
她的眼里充满泪水。
That political statesman is full of ambition.
那个政治家野心很大。
He was full of himself.
他自命不凡。
3.It was strange to think that，when my grandparents lived in the village，there wasn’t a reservoir there at all!
我祖父母在村里生活时，那儿一座水库也没有，想到这些真感到不可思议！
strange adj.奇怪的；奇特的；奇异的。例如：
It’s strange we haven’t heard from him.
奇怪的是我们没有他的音信。21世纪教育网
It feels strange to be visiting the place again after all these years.
时隔多年，旧地重访使人感到很新奇。
4.Has the Three Gorges Dam affected the lives of people in your area or anyone you know
三峡大坝影响到了你们地区的人的生活还是你认识的人的生活？
affect vt.影响，发生作用；（疾病）侵袭。例如：
Does the amount of rain affect the growth of crops
降雨量会影响到作物的生长吗？
The noise from the street affected our work.
马路上的噪音影响我们工作。
Listening and Pronunciation
1.the Grand Canal 大运河
grand adj.雄伟的；豪华的；重大的。例如：
We had a grand view of a sea of clouds when we climbed to the top of the mountain.
当我们爬上了山巅时，我们看到了云海的壮观景象。
We met a lot of grand people when we went to the palace.
我们到宫廷去时，见到了许多达官贵人。
We gathered the grand entrance.
我们在（大建筑物的）正门整队集合。
2.organise vt.组织，创办（=organize）。例如：
They organized a climbing expedition to Mt.Everest.
他们组成了一支爬珠穆朗玛峰的登山队。
She organized medical reports.
她整理病历表。
He organized the truckers into a union.
他把卡车司机组成工会。
3.on a visit 在访问
on用于表示动态，如正在从事某种活动或处于某种运动状态之中。又如：
on business 出差
on strike 在罢工
on sale 在出售
on show 在上映
on watch 在站岗/放哨
on fire 在着火
on duty 在值班
4.bring an end to 使……终止。例如：
They should bring an end to that ridiculous war.
他们应该终止那场荒谬的战争了。
I wonder how I can bring their dispute to an end.
我不知道如何才能使他们停止纷争。
Function and Everyday English
1.enormous adj.非常大的，巨大的，庞大的。例如：
an enormous tower 巨大的塔
enormous profits 巨大的利益
an enormous sum of money巨额资金
a man of enormous strength力大无穷的人
2.fascinating adj.迷人的，极美的，使人神魂颠倒的。例如：
a fascinating love story 迷人的爱情故事
a fascinating shop window display吸引人的商店橱窗陈列
a fascinating voice 迷人的嗓音
a fascinating glimpse 迷人的一瞥21世纪教育网
3.freezing adj.冰冻的，极冷的，凝固的，冷淡的。例如：
a freezing machine 冷冻机
freezing point 冰点，凝冻点
a freezing glance 冷淡的一瞥
freezing cold 极冷的
4.delighted adj.欣喜的，快乐的。例如：
The delighted audience demanded two encores.
观众欣喜若狂，两度要求加演。
a delighted look 高兴的神气/表情
I was very much delighted with the results.
我对这个结果感到非常满意。
He was delighted to accept the invitation.
他欣然接受邀请。
She was delighted that he had returned safely.
她很高兴他已安全归来。
5.astonished adj.惊讶的，惊愕的。例如：
He looked astonished.
他一副惊愕的样子。
I was astonished at/to hear the loud sound.
我被那巨大的声响吓了一跳。
We were astonished that he appeared at the party.
他出现在宴会上，使我们感到惊讶。
Cultural Corner
1.From the observatory at the top，on a clear day you can see five US states.
从顶部的观测所，在晴朗的天气里可俯视到美国的五个州。
observatory［C］天文台，观测所。例如：
astronomical observatory 天文台
Purple Mountain Observatory 紫金山天文台
Royal Greenwich Observatory 格林尼治皇家天文台
2. Lightning strikes the Empire State Building 500 times a year.
每年帝国大厦遭雷电袭击达500次。
lightning［U］闪电，电光。例如：
The tall tree was struck by lightning.
那颗高大的树被闪电击中了。
a flash of lighting 一道闪电
strike vt.（灾害、疾病等）突然袭击。例如：
A very big earthquake struck that county many years ago.
许多年前一次非常强大的地震袭击了那个县。
The plague struck Europe. 21世纪教育网
瘟疫袭击了欧洲。
Beijing was struck by a terrible sandstorm.
北京遭到了骇人的沙尘暴的袭击。
3. In 1945，a US military plane，which was flying over Manhattan on a foggy day，crashed into the building just above the 78th floor.
1945年，一架美国军用飞机撞击到帝国大厦78层之上处，当时这架飞机正在大雾天气里飞行在曼哈顿上空。
military adj.军事的，军用的，军队的。例如：
military academy 陆军军官学校，军事学院
military age 兵役年龄
military arts 军事艺术
military courtesy 军礼
military law 军法
military operation 作战；军事行动
crash v.坠毁；冲撞。［C］（飞机的）坠毁；相撞（事件）。例如：
The plane crashed in the mountains.
那架飞机在山中坠毁。
He crashed his car into the wall.
他的车子撞到墙上了。
He crashed the glass against the wall.
他把玻璃杯猛力地向墙上摔去。
4. The world’s top 10 tallest buildings.
世界上最高的10幢建筑：
①Petronas Tower 1佩重纳斯大厦1
②Petronas Tower 2佩重纳斯大厦2
③Sears Tower西尔斯大厦
④Jin Mao Building金茂大厦
⑤Citic Plaza中信大厦广场
⑥Shunhing Square地王大厦
⑦Empire State Building帝国大厦
⑧Central Plaza中环广场
⑨Bank of China Tower 中银大厦
⑩Emirates Tower 1阿联酋大厦1
Grammar（Ⅰ）
限制性和非限制性定语从句
定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，下面将这两类定语从句作一比较：
一、限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句与先行词关系密切，对它有限制作用。因此不可缺少，否则会影响全句的意义。限制性定语从句前一般不用逗号。例如：
What’s the name of the boy who brought us the letter
给我们带信来的那个男孩叫什么名字？
There is much that will be unpleasing to the English readers.
有许多东西将会使英国读者不愉快。
I shall never forget the day when we first met in the park.
我永远不会忘记我们在公园相见的那一天。21世纪教育网
Is there a shop around where we can get fruit
附近有可以买到水果的商店吗？
Do you know the reason why I came late
你知道我迟到的缘故吗？
二、非限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句与所修饰的名词（先行词）关系松弛，只提供有关该名词的补充情况或附加说明，即使去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。书写时，往往用逗号与主句分开。例如：
Water，which is a clear liquid，has many uses.
水是一种清澈的液体，有许多用途。
Once more I am in Boston，where I have not been for ten years.
我又来到了波士顿，我已有十年没有到这里来了。
非限制性定语从句形式上是从句，其功能实质上相当于一个分句。有时，甚至可以将其译成状语从句。例如：
Then he met Mary，who invited him to a party.
后来他遇到了玛丽，玛丽邀请他去参加晚会。（who实际上=and she）
When he was seventeen he went to a technical school in Zurich，Switzerland，where he studied mathematics and physics.
他17岁时，到瑞士苏黎世一个专科学校上学，他在那里学习数学和物理学。（where=and there）
We don’t like the room，which is cold.
我们不喜欢那个房间，它里面很冷。（which is cold=since it is cold）
He said he was busy，which was untrue.
他说他很忙，其实不然。（which was untrue=though it was untrue）
I want him，who knows some English.
我要他，他懂些英语。（who knows some English=for he knows some English）
Grammar（Ⅱ）
定语从句的缩短
定语从句可以缩短或简化，主要通过以下形式：
一、省略作宾语的关系代词
在定语从句中作宾语的关系代词有who（m），which，that。在限制性定语从句中，当who（m）和that作宾语用于指人时，可以互换使用，通常可以省略；当that和which作宾语用于指物时，两者也可以互换使用，关系代词that/which也通常省略。例如：
Is that the man（whom）/（who）/（that） you gave your tickets to （whom，who或that可以省略）
Is that the address（which）/（that） you sent the telegram to （which或that可以省略）
Where is the book（which）/（that） I bought yesterday （which或that可以省略）
二、将定语从句变为非谓语动词21世纪教育网
1.定语从句转换成不定式短语。例如：
This is the best thing that we can do in memory of our beloved teacher.
→This is the best thing to do in memory of our beloved teacher.
这是为纪念我们敬爱的老师我们能做的最好的事。
He is a good comrade with whom you can work.
→He is a good comrade to work with.
他是一个很好共事的同志。
2.定语从句转换成现在分词短语。例如：
The train that leaves from Platform 5 goes to Beijing.
→The train leaving from Platform 5 goes to Beijing.
第五站台开出的火车驶往北京。
Yesterday we had a meeting which lasted two hours.
→Yesterday we had a meeting lasting two hours.
昨天我们举行了一个持续两小时的会议。21世纪教育网
3.定语从句转换成过去分词短语。例如：
The house which was damaged in the fire will be rebuilt soon.
→The house damaged in the fire will be rebuilt soon.
大火中损坏的房子不久就要翻修。
The plan which is being discussed is of great importance.
→The plan being discussed is of great importance.
正在讨论的这个计划非常重要
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