Module 3 The Violence of Nature Period 4 Grammar
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| 名称 | Module 3 The Violence of Nature Period 4 Grammar |  | |
| 格式 | rar | ||
| 文件大小 | 14.7KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2009-07-16 17:43:00 | ||
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高一年级第一学期英语学科教学案(第14期)
Book Ⅲ Module 3 The violence of Nature
（Period 4 Grammar）
Ⅰ. 过去完成时：形式：“助动词 had+过去分词”构成。
1. 表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成了的动作。
它表示这个动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”；这一过去时间可用 by, at, before 等构成的短语或 when, after, until 等引导的从句或通过上下文来表示，如：
By the time he was twelve, Edison __________(begin) to make a living by himself.
2. 表示由过去某一时间开始，延续到过去另一时间的动作。
这个动作可能还要延续下去。常和for 或 since 引导的表示一段时间的短语或从句连用。
He ____ _____ (live) in New York for ten years before he moved to Boston.
3. 用于表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件从句。如：
If he _________________(see) you yesterday, he ______________(ask) you about it.
4. 用在间接引语或宾语从句中。放在像said, told, thought, wondered 等过去时动词的后面，表示在这些动作之前已经发生的行为。
My friend told me that he___________(pass) the exam.
5. 用在It was the first/second time that…句型中。此句型中如主句用一般过去时，that引导的定语从句中用过去完成时。
It was the first time（that）we ________(speak)together.
Choose the best answers:
(1).He _________ more than 5000 English words when he entered the university at the age of 15. (2005北京)
A. has learned B. would have learned C. learned D. had learned
(2).---Hurry up! Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate.
---I thought they_____________ without me.
A. went B. are going C. have gone D. had gone
3).He kept looking at her wondering whether he ____________her somewhere.
A. saw B. has seen C. sees D. had seen
Ⅱ.直接引语和间接引语
当句子从直接引语变为间接引语时，应特别注意各部分的变化。
1． 时态的变化
(1) 若主句动词为过去时的时候，间接引语动词的时态变化如下：
现在时→过去时；过去时/现在完成时/过去完成时→过去完成时
“I’m preparing my lessons,” she said. →She said (that)____ _____preparing ____ lessons.
“I don’t need your help today,” Tom said. →Tom said (that)___ ____need ____ help.
He said to me, “I read it yesterday.”→He told me that he _______ it__________.
注：1).表示不变的真理和事实,间接引语中的动词时态不变.
2).表示历史上的事实或有明确的表示时间的状语时,间接引语中的动词时态保持不变.
The geography teacher said to us, “The earth goes around the sun.”
The geography ______ us (that) the earth ________around the sun.
The teacher said, “Columbus discovered America in 1492.” →
The teacher said that Columbus America in 1492.
(2).若主句动词为现在时，间接引语的动词时态不变。
She says, “He was very kind.” →She says (that) he very kind.
2. 人称的变化
(1) 直接引语变为间接引语，人称代词要作相应的变动，使其与动词的人称一致。
(2) 指示代词 this these 相应的改为 that those.
(3) 在句子的意义不会引起误解的情况下，状语有时也可不变。
“I’ll come here again tomorrow,” she said. 她说：“我明天还要到这儿来。”
→She said (that) she’d go there again the next day/tomorrow.
注： 动词 come 可根据具体情况相应的改为 go.
3. 直接引语为疑问句式的变动。
当直接引语是疑问句时，除主语在人称、时态和状语等方面作相应的变动外，还要注意：
(1) 间接引语中要用陈述句的语序
She asked, “What is it What’s going to happen now ”
→She asked and then.
(2) 特殊疑问句的疑问词要保留。
The boy was wondering, “How does the computer work ”
→The boy was wondering_____________________________.
“Why do you speak English so fluently ” I said to him.→I asked him .
(3) 一般、选择或反意疑问句在间接引语前要加 whether 或 if
“Is there anything wrong, Madam ” asked the policeman.
→The policeman asked the woman .
He asked me, “Do you study English or French ”→He asked me .
“It’s Mary, isn’t it ” asked Jane.→Jane asked .
4. 直接引语为祈使句时的变动
当直接引语为祈使句时，主句中的谓语动词在变动时往往根据直接引语中的口气换用 ask, invite, advise, warn, tell, order 等动词，而直接引语中的谓语动词则要变成动词不定式。
“Please explain why you’re two and a half hours late,” the boss said.
→The boss him why he was two and a half hours late.
“Don’t give up!” Father shouted to him.→Father him in a loud voice .
“Get everything ready in half an hour,” the teacher said to the students.
→The teacher the students everything ready in half an hour.
答案：
Ⅰ
1． had begun 2． had lived 3． had seen; would have asked
4． had passed 5． had spoken
Choose the best answers: DDD
Ⅱ.
1．she was; her he didn’t; my had read the day before
told; goes discovered was
3．(1) what it was ;what was going to happen then.
(2) how the computer worked /why he spoke English so fluently
(3) whether/if there was anything wrong / whether I studied English or French./whether it was Mary or not .
4．asked ; to explain / told ; not to give up . / told ; to get
21世纪教育网 -- 中国最大型、最专业的中小学教育资源门户网站。 版权所有@21世纪教育网
高一年级第一学期英语学科教学案(第14期)
Book Ⅲ Module 3 The violence of Nature
（Period 4 Grammar）
Ⅰ. 过去完成时：形式：“助动词 had+过去分词”构成。
1. 表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成了的动作。
它表示这个动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”；这一过去时间可用 by, at, before 等构成的短语或 when, after, until 等引导的从句或通过上下文来表示，如：
By the time he was twelve, Edison __________(begin) to make a living by himself.
2. 表示由过去某一时间开始，延续到过去另一时间的动作。
这个动作可能还要延续下去。常和for 或 since 引导的表示一段时间的短语或从句连用。
He ____ _____ (live) in New York for ten years before he moved to Boston.
3. 用于表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件从句。如：
If he _________________(see) you yesterday, he ______________(ask) you about it.
4. 用在间接引语或宾语从句中。放在像said, told, thought, wondered 等过去时动词的后面，表示在这些动作之前已经发生的行为。
My friend told me that he___________(pass) the exam.
5. 用在It was the first/second time that…句型中。此句型中如主句用一般过去时，that引导的定语从句中用过去完成时。
It was the first time（that）we ________(speak)together.
Choose the best answers:
(1).He _________ more than 5000 English words when he entered the university at the age of 15. (2005北京)
A. has learned B. would have learned C. learned D. had learned
(2).---Hurry up! Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate.
---I thought they_____________ without me.
A. went B. are going C. have gone D. had gone
3).He kept looking at her wondering whether he ____________her somewhere.
A. saw B. has seen C. sees D. had seen
Ⅱ.直接引语和间接引语
当句子从直接引语变为间接引语时，应特别注意各部分的变化。
1． 时态的变化
(1) 若主句动词为过去时的时候，间接引语动词的时态变化如下：
现在时→过去时；过去时/现在完成时/过去完成时→过去完成时
“I’m preparing my lessons,” she said. →She said (that)____ _____preparing ____ lessons.
“I don’t need your help today,” Tom said. →Tom said (that)___ ____need ____ help.
He said to me, “I read it yesterday.”→He told me that he _______ it__________.
注：1).表示不变的真理和事实,间接引语中的动词时态不变.
2).表示历史上的事实或有明确的表示时间的状语时,间接引语中的动词时态保持不变.
The geography teacher said to us, “The earth goes around the sun.”
The geography ______ us (that) the earth ________around the sun.
The teacher said, “Columbus discovered America in 1492.” →
The teacher said that Columbus America in 1492.
(2).若主句动词为现在时，间接引语的动词时态不变。
She says, “He was very kind.” →She says (that) he very kind.
2. 人称的变化
(1) 直接引语变为间接引语，人称代词要作相应的变动，使其与动词的人称一致。
(2) 指示代词 this these 相应的改为 that those.
(3) 在句子的意义不会引起误解的情况下，状语有时也可不变。
“I’ll come here again tomorrow,” she said. 她说：“我明天还要到这儿来。”
→She said (that) she’d go there again the next day/tomorrow.
注： 动词 come 可根据具体情况相应的改为 go.
3. 直接引语为疑问句式的变动。
当直接引语是疑问句时，除主语在人称、时态和状语等方面作相应的变动外，还要注意：
(1) 间接引语中要用陈述句的语序
She asked, “What is it What’s going to happen now ”
→She asked and then.
(2) 特殊疑问句的疑问词要保留。
The boy was wondering, “How does the computer work ”
→The boy was wondering_____________________________.
“Why do you speak English so fluently ” I said to him.→I asked him .
(3) 一般、选择或反意疑问句在间接引语前要加 whether 或 if
“Is there anything wrong, Madam ” asked the policeman.
→The policeman asked the woman .
He asked me, “Do you study English or French ”→He asked me .
“It’s Mary, isn’t it ” asked Jane.→Jane asked .
4. 直接引语为祈使句时的变动
当直接引语为祈使句时，主句中的谓语动词在变动时往往根据直接引语中的口气换用 ask, invite, advise, warn, tell, order 等动词，而直接引语中的谓语动词则要变成动词不定式。
“Please explain why you’re two and a half hours late,” the boss said.
→The boss him why he was two and a half hours late.
“Don’t give up!” Father shouted to him.→Father him in a loud voice .
“Get everything ready in half an hour,” the teacher said to the students.
→The teacher the students everything ready in half an hour.
答案：
Ⅰ
1． had begun 2． had lived 3． had seen; would have asked
4． had passed 5． had spoken
Choose the best answers: DDD
Ⅱ.
1．she was; her he didn’t; my had read the day before
told; goes discovered was
3．(1) what it was ;what was going to happen then.
(2) how the computer worked /why he spoke English so fluently
(3) whether/if there was anything wrong / whether I studied English or French./whether it was Mary or not .
4．asked ; to explain / told ; not to give up . / told ; to get
21世纪教育网 -- 中国最大型、最专业的中小学教育资源门户网站。 版权所有@21世纪教育网