备战2010高考英语精品学案――英语复习专项训练
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备战2010高考英语精品学案――英语复习专项训练
一、听力试题命题特点及答题技巧
听是理解和获得口头信息的交际能力。听力理解的能力,是说、读、写的基础,也是提高学生英语综合应用能力的前提。综观近几年高考英语听力试题可知,高考英语听力试题分值30分,占整个卷面总分的1/5,同时,安排在英语考试的一开始。因此,它的成败不但会影响考生听力试题本身的得分,而且还会给考生对后面的整个笔试部分的解答带来一定的心理影响。那么,怎样才能做好听力试题呢 笔者认为,了解听力试题命题特点,把握其应试技巧是关键。
一、高考英语听力试题命题特点
1. 听力试题测试要点
高考英语听力测试以对话或独白为测试内容,在语言使用的场景中测试考生使用语音、词汇以及语法知识的能力,强调口头语的真实性。它着重考查考生对所听信息的整体理解能力,而不是单一地检测语音、语调的知识。无论是听对话,还是听独白,都需要有整体感,没有整体感,就不可能有正确的理解。听力测试的要点主要体现在以下几点:(1)理解主旨和要义;(2)获取事实性的具体信息,如时间、地点、人物等;(3)对说话的背景、说话者之间的关系等作出简单的推断;(4)理解说话者的意图、观点或态度。
2. 听力试题话题和材料的选用
高考听力材料的选用非常重视语言真实性和交际性的原则,语言材料一般来源于实际生活,围绕一个日常生活话题展开,涉及文化教育、人物、科普、时事等。对话的内容大都取材于日常生活,即衣、食、住、行、工作、学习、天气、生活环境等话题,可分为校园、公共场所等如:shopping, finding the way, doing one\'s homework, seeing a doctor, making a phone call, weather report, asking for different kinds of information等。
高考听力材料选材特点:(1)无论是对话,还是独白,其结构和内容都不复杂,难度远远低于阅读理解材料。(2)所选听力材料具有充分的情感成分,说话人的情绪随着话语进行的具体情况而变化。故考生应善于体会这些变化,并从中理解语篇的整体意义。
3. 听力试题中常见词句的使用
高考听力试题中以口头交际用语为主,强调口头表达能力。具体表现在:(1)大量使用日常词汇,如have, do, take, give, make等,这些词汇具有很强的活力,可以和其它词构成众多的短语,用在不同的语境之中,如Take care! Have fun! 等。(2)大量使用习语等固定用语来表达某种感情,或引起对方注意,或改变话题。如Wonderful!(兴奋) Why not do... (建议)By the way...(改变话题)等。(3)短句、自然句多,句子结构比较松散、随便。如:It\'s interesting. Do you like it It\'s a hard job.(4)在快速交谈中,语篇中缩略语使用较多。如there\'s, he\'s, I\'ll, UK, ad, pop等。
二、高考英语听力试题答题技巧
1. 怎样听对话
对话包括第一节五个简短的小对话(每听完一个对话回答一个问题,每段对话仅读一遍)和第二节成段的长对话(每听完一段对话,要回答2-4个问题,每段对话读两遍)。听对话时,我们应注意以下几个方面:
1)听放录音前和听放录音之间,快速阅读选项和问题,以选项和问题透露的内容为线索,推断对话所涉及的话题。
2)注意从第二人的答话中获取重要信息。小对话的特点是一至两个来回极短的对话,设题时往往是根据答话人所说的内容而提问的。
3)有些题目涉及行动发生的时间、地点、某物的价格或干什么、谁干什么等。解答这类题时,我们要尽量听清对话的细节、内容和提问。例如:
How much will you spend if you buy two shirts
A. 50 dollars. B. 100 dollars. C. 80 dollars.
录音原文:
M: How much is the shirt
W: It\'s $50. but it will be cut down by 20% if you take a dozen.
答案选B。通过预读问题可知,问的是买两件衬衫的价格。对话中涉及的数字较多,购买者要买12件(a dozen)才可能降价20%,有些考生由于没有听清后面的部分,而误选了C答案。错误原因主要是因为考生对有些数字如twice, 20%, dozen, double, half of等表达法掌握不到位,容易受它们的干扰。
4)注意对话中的\"弦外之音\",即对话的一方并不直率地对对方所说的事情或提出的问题表明态度,而是间接地或含蓄地从侧面来表达自己的看法。这种题一定要多加思考,仔细地揣摩\"话中话\"。例如:
What does the woman mean
A. The spring has begun.
B. They\'re ready for the rain..
C. It\'s been raining.
录音原文:
M: I think it\'s going to rain.
W: Starting to rain The ground is already wet.
从对话中得知,男方\"认为天就要下雨了\",而女方并未直接回答,而是说\"......地面已潮湿了\"。这就表明了女方并不同意男方的说法,但又没有直接用yes或no来表明看法,而用了\"The ground is already wet.\"来含蓄地表明了\"天已经下雨了\"的看法。所以答案选C。
5)注意捕捉对话中的关键信息进行分析。在成段的对话中,对话会出现多种信息,考生在听音时,可能会顾此失彼,糊里糊涂。因此考生解题时,要注意在第一遍听懂对话大意,知道了选项内容后,在听第二遍时,要有意识地针对与选项有关的内容来捕捉有关信息,经过迅速分析后,选出合理答案。
2. 怎样听独白
听独白,是听力测试中极其重要的部分。它是听力试题第二节中的最后一道题,文章篇幅约为200词左右。听完独白后,一般要求考生回答3-4个问题,每段对话读两遍。这类题型不同于上述的对话题型,它是由说话人独自讲述的一段话,其内容往往是讲述某一件事。听独白时,我们应注意以下几点:
1)在听录音之前,考生应将所有题目和选项浏览一遍,这样可以对短文内容有个大致的了解,以便在听短文时有的放矢,有所侧重。
2)在听短文时,要注意捕捉每篇文章或每一段开头的一句话,因为它们往往是该篇或该段落的主题句,概括了文章的主要内容或对下文提出了重要提示。
3)密切注意短文中事件发生的时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)和情节(plot)这些要素,因为短文后的问题通常会以what, when, where, which, who, why, whose, how等疑问词开头。
4)要从整体上了解短文的中心内容,根据题目的要求把握主要情节或论点,做到边听边记,把回答问题的关键词语及内容记录下来,但记的前提是不影响听。可以用符号或自己能看懂的方式记录。
5)注意试题的排列次序。这类题型常常是将小题按所对应的录音材料内容的顺序排列。当没有时间预先阅读选项或时间不宽裕时,考生可以边听录音边依次浏览选项,同时进行思考、答题,也可将先看后听和边看边听两个方法结合起来。
6)如果有听不懂的词语,可以从上下文推测其含义,或者记下该词的发音,等听完后再去判断它的词义。切忌听短文时,思维在某个词语上滞留,以致影响后面短文的理解,而造成一步跟不上,全部受影响的被动局面。
总之,听力的提高是一个循序渐进、日积月累的过程。在听力训练中,只要我们能制定目标,坚持不懈,进行系统的听力训练,打下扎实的基本功;同时,在答题时,能做到方法得当、冷静答题,就一定能取得较满意的成绩。
二、单项选择命题特点及答题技巧
做单选题既可以考察学生对词法，句法和其它语法知识的了解和运用的熟练程度，同时也可以学到课本上学不到的知识点，因此考生有必要把近些年的高考单选题拿过来仔细研究，找出考察要点和答题技巧。
[解题思路点拨]
通读题干，不放过半点信息，尤其要注意暗示时间的词语和句中暗示句子结构的标点。做题时首用直接法，然后用和排除法和比较法。所谓直接法，就是在读题时大脑即刻想到的并一眼能够在选项中看到的答案。这种方法既准确又快。所谓排除法，就是把比较明显的认错误选项排除掉。然后把学过的知识与老师的讲解集合起来，再用上平时做题是的经验和教训，比较余项间的差异，最后得出正确选项。
[测试要点]
一、基础语法要点： 1） 语法知识的运用能力 ；2）词组搭配和习惯语法；3）对词义的理解和辨析。
二、基础知识要点：1）名词。2）冠词。3）代词。4）数词。5）形容词和副词。6）介词。7）动词的时态和语态。8）非谓语。9）情态动词。10）虚拟语气。11）短语动词与辨析。12）一致。13）倒装。14）连词和复合句15）定语从句。16）表语从句。17）强调句18）情景交际和习惯用法
一、冠词的考查
【09北京卷】The biggest whale is ___ blue whale, which grows to be about 29 meters long—the height of ___ 9-story building.
A. the; the B. a; a C. a; the D. the; a
解析：D.抛开the用在序数词前，抑或是用在世界上独一无二的事物的名词前等等这一类的用法不谈，我们知道the一般是用在大家都认知的事物的名词前，或是用在单数的普通名词前，表示一类人或事物。例如，The horse is a very useful animal.这里的the+普通名词是表示一类事物，泛指马。所以第一个空应该是the,表示一种泛指概念。
a也有像定冠词the一样的用法，也可以是泛指，例如刚才那一例，我们可以说A horse is a very useful animal.第二个空如果我们填the就表示特定的一栋楼，所以这里填a,表示任意概念，任何一个九层楼房，也是一种泛指的概念。
结论：09年北京卷并未考很怪很偏的题，而是着眼于the和a的基础用法，即使不凭语法，凭语感也能读出来。但要记住语感是建立在多读，多听的基础上的，而不是凭空冒出来的。所以，冠词的复习先要落实基础，在对一些特殊情况做一些适当的理解，此处不宜深究，否则会干扰做题。
【09江西卷】Some people fear that ________ air pollution may bring about changes in _______weather around the world.
A. /; the B. the; / C. an; the D. the; a
解析：A.本题目的很明确，即考查学生对冠词使用情况的理解程度。我们知道空气污染应是一个抽象的概念，造成空气污染的因素才是客观实在的东西。在抽象名词前一般不用冠词，例如，Failure is the mother of success.这里的failure是一个抽象的概念，体现failure的事或物才是客观实在的东西。所以，对于抽象和非抽象的界定标准要把握好。
Weather它本身就是客观实在，阴天，雨天，晴天都是weather,指的就是天气，所以weather在这里并不是抽象名词，所以我们用the weather泛指这类概念。
结论：冠词的考查，其实就是在围绕该用不该用，用哪一类冠词在考查。江西卷就是围绕该用不该用在考查，北京卷就是在围绕用哪一类在考查。但我们从这两题也能看的出来平时多读，多积累也是做好这类题的保障，如果对语法的理解程度把握的不是很好，有时也会选错。
【09四川卷】In order to find _______ better job , he decided to study _________ second foreign language .
A. the ; a B. a ; a C. the ; the D. a ; the
解析：B.冠词这一块有时也会结合词组（也就是冠词一些固定的结构）来考查，这就更加强调平时积累的重要性了，a second 表示再次，例如，You need to type in your password a second time to confirm it . 第一个空我想没人在考试时真正通过语法分析得出答案吧，即使你凭的是语感，你也可以非常自信地说填“a”，这种自信的语感判断实则是建立在你多读了，积累了。当然语法判断也是不容忽视的，有些题目瞄准了你会用语感审读，挖陷阱让你跳。
【冠词的备考指导】
高考中冠词的考查不会完全拘泥于语法，因为那一套大家早已熟读千遍万遍了，可总感觉做题用不上，即使用上了，我们感觉根据语法a和the都可以。造成这种现象的原因有二。一，完全将语法作为得出答案的标准。语法应是做题的正确与否的检验标准，而不是我们做题（这里是指做冠词类题目）赖以生存的工具。二，本身对语法的把握度不是很好。有时在语法的学习中只知其一不知其二也是做题失败的重要原因之一。
那么如何做到以不变应万变呢？我觉得冠词的备考必须坚持每天安排一个特定的时间进行文本阅读，读多了一来语感有了，而来也积累了一定量的知识（对完形很有帮助），三来自然而然对一些语法会有所领悟，加强了自己对语法知识的进一步理解，同时还能意识到语法知识外的一些特例。这么多好处，何乐而不为呢？当然这首先要建立在你对语法这块先有个认识，否则读也只能变成“小和尚念经，有口无心”。
所以，冠词的备考，务必要记住语法不可不学，但不要太执着。语感不容忽视，但不可太陶醉。记住：70%的语感（语感的培养持之以恒是关键）+20%的语法+10%的自信=你的正确答案。
【真题演练】
（09安徽）1. We can never expect bluer sky unless we create less polluted world. 21世纪教育网
A. a; a B. a; the 21世纪教育网
C. the; a D. the; the 21世纪教育网
（09北京）2. The biggest whale is ___ blue whale, which grows to be about 29 meters long—the height of ____ 9-story building. 21世纪教育网
A. the; the B. a; a C. a; the D. the; a 21世纪教育网
（09江西）3. Some people fear that ________ air pollution may bring about changes in _______ weather around the world. 21世纪教育网
A. /; the B. the; / C. an; the D. the; a 21世纪教育网
（09海南）4. Let’s go to cinema-that’ll take your mind off the problem for while
A. the; the B. the; a
C. a; the D. a ; a
（09陕西）5. What pity that you couldn’t be there to receive prize!
A. a; a B. the; a C. a; the D. the; the
（09四川）6. In order to find _______ better job, he decided to study _________ second foreign language. 21世纪教育网
A. the; a B. a; a C. the; the D. a; the 21世纪教育网
（09浙江）7．I don’t understand what the engineer means, but I’ve got ______ rough idea of _____ project plan.
A. the; a B. 不填; the C. the; 不填 D. a; the
（09重庆）8, Washing machines made by China have won worldwide attention and Haier has become popular name.
A. a; the B. /; a 21世纪教育网
C. /; the D. the; a 21世纪教育网
（09全国2 ）9. What I need is book that contains ABC of oil painting.
A. a; 不填 B. the; 不填 C. the; an D. a; the 21世纪教育网
（08湖南卷）10. Have you heard ______ news？The piece of _______ petrol is going up again!
A. the, the B. 不填，the C. the, 不填 D. 不填，不填
（08江苏卷）11. We went right round to the west coast by ______ sea instead of driving across ______ continent.
A. the; the B.不填；the C. the; 不填 D. 不填；不填
（08山东卷）12. Students should be encouraged to use ______ Internet as ______ resource.
A. 不填；a B. 不填; the C. the; the D. the; a
（08江西卷）13. --- I am so sorry to have come late for the meeting.
--- It is not your fault. With __ rush-hour traffic and __ heavy rain, it is no wonder you were late.
A. a; a B. the; the
C. /; / D. /; a
（08辽宁卷）14. My neighbor asked me to go for ______ walk, but I don’t think I’ve got ______ energy.
A. a; 不填 B. the; the C. 不填；the D. a; the
(08全国II)15. It’s not ___ good idea to drive for four hours without ___ break.
A. a ; a B. the ; a C. the ; the D. a ; the
（08陕西卷）16. I ate _________ sandwich while I was waiting for _________ 20:08 train.
A. the, a B. the, the C. a, the D. a, a
(08四川卷)17. In the United States, there is always ____ flow of people to areas of ______ country where more jobs can be found.
A. a; the B. the ; a C. the; the D. a; a
（08浙江卷）18. ______ apple fell from the tree and hit him on ______ head.
A. An; the B. The; the C. An; 不填 D. The; 不填
（08重庆卷）19. In many places in China, ___ bicycle is still ___ popular means of transportation.
A. a; the B. /; a C. the; a D. the;the
20 —Could you tell me the way to ____ Johnsons, please
—Sorry, we don’t have ____ Johnson here in the village. [2007 全国卷II]
A. the; the B. the; a C. /; the D. the; /
21. ________ walk is expected to last all day, so bring------- packed lunch. [2007 山东卷]
A．A;a B．The; 不填 C．The ; a D．A ; 不填
22. —How about Christmas evening party [2007 福建卷]
—I should say it was success.
A.a; a B.The; a C.a;不填 D.the; 不填
23. I looked under _____bed and found ______bokkd I lost last week. [2007 北京卷]
A.the; a B. the: the C. 不填；the D. the:;不填
24. Polar bears live mostly on______sea ice, which they use as ______platform for hunting seals. [2007 湖南卷]
A. a; a B. a; the C. 不填; a D. the; 不填
25. We have every reason to believe that_____ 2008 Beijing Olympic Games will be_____ success.[2007 江苏卷]
A. / … a B. the … / C. the … a D. a … a
26. Many people have come to realize that they ahould go on ___balanced diet and make ____ room in their day for exercise. [2007 江西卷]
A.a;/ B.the; a C.the;the D./;a
27. In film Cast Away.Tom Hanks plays man named Chuck Noland. [2007 陕西卷]
A.a; the B.the; a C.the; the D.a; a
28. How about taking ______ short break I want to make _______ call．[2007 四川卷]
A．the；a B．a；the C．the；the D．a；a
29. I wanted to catch ________early train, but couldn’t get ________ ride to the station. [2007 天津卷]
A. an, the B. /, the C. an, / D. the, a
30. I like _____ color of your skirt. It is _____ good match for your blouse. [2007 浙江卷]
A. a; the B. a; a C. the; a D. the; the
31. Gorge couldn’t remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it was _____ Sunday because everybody was at _______ church. [2007 重庆卷]
A. /; the B. the; / C. a; / D. /; a
32. Chrismas is _____ special holiday when _______ whole family are supposed to get together.[2007 辽宁卷]
A. the, the B. a, a C. the, a D. a, the
2、动词及动词词组的考查
词组的考查是每份卷子必不可少的内容之一，这项内容的不仅在单选里考查，在完形里也经常考查，所以很有必要对其进行积累背诵。另外，作文中词组的选用也是考查的重点内容，所以很有必要学好，用好，理解好！现归纳一些常考词组考查，希望对备考有所帮助。
【常考词组】
①V+down类型 break down 垮下；分解；出故障 calm down 平静下来
let down 使失望 knock down 撞到 settle down 定居 take down 记下
②V+away类型 die away 渐渐消失 put away 放好 clear away 扫除
get away 逃走 break away 摆脱 wear away 磨损
③V+off类型 break off 中断；停止 carry off 夺走 ring off 挂电话
send off 送走；寄出 show off 炫耀 see off 送行
give off 放出；发出（光热） wipe off 擦去 pay off 还清债务；得到回报
put off 推迟；摆脱
【词组的备考指导】
词组的备考不是临时抱佛脚可以有所成效的，它需要你平时多注重积累，但这种积累也不是盲目的积累，而是对比着积累；联系积累；联想着积累；归纳着积累。
顾名思义，对比着积累就是将词组对比着记，一来可以达到触类旁通的效果，二来对比的过程中也是一个强效的记忆过程，可以帮助你很好的记忆词组。
联系积累是指对于陌生的词组，我们可以联系已学的词组，猜测它的词义。如果猜对了，这个陌生的词组就会在相当一段时间不会被忘却。这样比拿到一个词组就急着找它的意思不知强多少倍，可以大大提高效率。当然，猜错了也没关系，那样会记得更深。
联想着积累要因人而异了，这也是人记忆的本能，就是将所背的内容与某些事物联系起来，或是自己联想一个事物帮住自己理解。
归纳着积累就是我刚才在【常考词组】中归纳的一样，将每一种类型都归纳起来，做到心中有底。
（09浙江）1．The good thing about children is that they _______ very easily to new environments.
A. adapt B. appeal C. attach D. apply
（09安徽2. Just as Professor Scotti often it, success is ninety-nine percent mental attitude.
A. gets B. makes
C. puts D. means
（09安徽）3. We tried to find a table for seven，hut they were all .
A. given away B. kept away
C. taken up D. used up
（09福建）4. We are at your service. Don’t to turn to us if you have any further problems.
A. beg B. hesitate C. desire D. seek
（09湖北）5. Would you please ______ the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes
A. look around B. look into C. look up D. look through
（09湖北）6. During the war there was a serious lack of food. It was not unusual that even the wealthy families had to ______ bread for days.
A. eat up B. give away C. do without D. deal with
（09湖北）7. The loss has not yet been ______ accurately, but it is believed to be well beyond a hundred million dollars.
A. calculated B. considered C. completed D. controlled
（09湖北）8. Some parents are just too protective. They want to ______ their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined.
A. spot B. dismiss C. shelter D. distinguish
（09江西）9. It is reported that the police will soon ____ the case of two missing children.
A. look upon B. look after C. look into D. look out
（09海南）10. I tried phoning her office, but I couldn’t__________.
A. get along B. get on
C. get to D. get through
（09山东）11. -------Do you have enough to ________all your daily expenses
--------Oh yes, enough and to spare.
A. cover B. spend C. fill D. offer
（09海南）12. Encourage your children to try new things, but try not to them too hard.
A. draw B. strike
C. rush D. push
（09山东）13 Amy joined a painting group but didn’t seem to _______, so she left.
A. show B. go up C. fit in D. come over
（09陕西）14. A. notice was in order to remind the students of the changed lecture time.
A. sent up B. given up C. set up D. put up
（09上海）15. The Great Wall is ____ tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.
A. so a well-known B. a so well-known
C. such well-known D. such a well-known
（09四川）16.—Have you __________
—No. I had the wrong number.
A. got in B. got away C. got off D. got through
（09四川）17. —How about your journey to Mount Emei
—Everything was wonderful except that our car _________ twice on the way.
A. slowed down B. broke down C. got down D. put down
（09天津）18. ---- Sorry, I have to ______ now. It’s time for class.
---- OK, I’ll call back later.
A. hang up B. break up C. give up D. hold up
（09天津）19. Don’t worry if you don’t understand everything, the teacher will ______ the main points at the end.
A. recover B. review C. require D. remember
（09浙江）20．Practisig Chinese kung fu can not only ________ one’s strength, but also develop one’s character.
A. bring up B. take up C. build up D. pull up
（09全国2 ）21 If you leave the club, you will not be back in .
A. received B. admitted C. turned D. moved
（09江苏）22.---- I' m surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have __ .
----So am I. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them.
A. broken up B. finished up C. divided up closed up
（08全国I卷）23. The performance ______ nearly three hours, but few people left the theatre early.
A. covered B. reached C. played D. lasted
（08安徽卷）24. -----Are you happy with your new computer
----- No, it is _______ me a lot of trouble.
A. showing B. leaving C. giving D. sparing
（08江苏卷25. —I’m still working on my project.
—Oh, you’ll miss the deadline. Time is ______.
A. running out B. going out C. giving out D. losing out
（08山东卷）26. The fact that she never apologized ______ a lot about what kind of person she is.
A. says B. talks C. appears D. declares
（08山东卷）27. Einstein liked Bose’s paper so much that he ______ his own work and translated it into German.
A. gave off B. turned down C. took over D. set aside
（08江西卷）28. I _____ it as a basic principle of the company that suppliers of raw materials should be given a fair price for their products.
A. make B. look
C. take D. think
（08辽宁卷）29. You have to be a fairly good speaker to ______ listeners’ interest for over an hour.
A. hold B. make C. improve D. receive
(08全国II)30. – What are you reading, Tom
-- I’m not really reading, just ___ the pages.
A. turning off B. turning around
C. turning over D. turning up
(08全国II)31. Little Johnny felt the bag, curious to know what it ____.
A. collected B. contained C. loaded D. saved
（08陕西卷）32. It’s going to rain. Xiao Feng, Will you please help me _________ the clothes on the line
A. get off B. get back C. get in D. get on
(08四川卷)33. Although this ______ sound like a simple task, great care is needed.
A. look out B. stay up C. carry on D. get along
（08浙江卷）34. American Indian ______ about five percent of the U.S. population.
A. fill up B. bring up C. make up D. set up
（08湖北卷）35. Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still ______ the traditional customs.
A. perform B. possess C. observe D. support
（08湖北卷）36. As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine, we must send for an engineer to ______ the problem.
A. handle B. raise C. face D. present
（08湖北卷）37. The teacher stressed again that the students should not ______ any important details while retelling the story.
A. bring out B. let out C. leave out D. make out
（08湖北卷）38. In modern times, people have to learn to ______ all kinds of pressure although they are leading a comfortable life.
A. keep with B. stay with C. meet with D. live with
（08湖北卷）39. The present situation is very complex, so I think it will take me some time to ______ its reality.
A. make up B. figure out C. look through D. put off
（08天津卷）40. The meal over, the managers went back to the meeting room to ______ their discussion.
A. put away B. take down C. look over D. carry on
（08天津卷）41. Her shoes ______ her dress; they look very well together.
A. suit B. fit C. compare D. match
42. Why don’t you just ____ your own business and leave me alone [2007 全国卷II]
A. make B. open C. consider D. mind
43. At minus 130℃, a living cell can be ______ for a thousand years. [2007 上海卷]
A. spared B. protected C. preserved D. developed
44. In this seaside resort, you can ________ all the comfort and convenience of modern tourism. [2007 山东卷]
A．enjoy B．apply C．receive D．achieve
45. Emergency line operators must always calm and make sure that they get all the information they need to send help. [2007 湖北卷]
A.grow B.appear C.become D.stay
46. Surely it doesn’t matter where the student associations get their money from; what is what they do with it. [2007 湖北卷]
A.counts B.applies C.stresses D.functions
47. Don’t take too much of the medicine;it does you more harm than good if you . [2007 江西卷]
A.do B.take C.like D.have
48. Mum ________ to us，“Be quiet! Your little sister’s sleeping．”[2007 四川卷]
A．whispered B．shouted C．explained D．replied
49. If your race car isn’t insured, you may losing everything when it hits something solid．[2007 上海春]
A．delay B．deny C．avoid D．risk
50. —Look! He’s running so fast!
—Hard to _______ his legs were once broken. [2007 浙江卷]
A. know B. imagine C. realize D. find
51. Lucy has ______all of the goals she set for herself in high school and is ready for new challenges at university.
[2007 天津卷]
A. acquired B. finished C. concluded D. achieved
3、定语从句的考查
定语从句的实质就是从句句子结构的分析，进一步判断少了那些成分，我们因该选择什么样的关系词。它的本质就是通过残缺成分来让从句对先行词起到修饰作用，起到作定语的作用。所以，拿到一个定语从句题目，认真地进行从句结构的分析是解题的突破口。
【定语从句的备考指导】
定语从句的种类繁多，但也很单调。繁多是因为随便少个成分就是一类，单调是因为少来少去就是少成分，只是成分不同而已。语法书上定语从句貌似很多，然而当你总结完就是一句话：做好从句结构分析，找准关系词，注意语法限制。做到这三点，问题基本上就迎刃而解了。
那么怎么才能做到呢？如何高效习这块内容呢？任何事情没有捷径可走，但是有节省时间的路口走。
定语从句的复习要注意：①题要做，但不可做多。题目只是知识和能力考查的载体，如果说靠做题来提高，那觉得你走了弯路，我已经说过，定语从句所考查的是学生对句子分析的能力，是对关系词把握的能力。所以做好句子分析的能力储备是关键，做一道题就要分析透彻。
②学好句子成分那一章。尽管高考没明确指出考句子成分分析，但是英语中句法最基础的就是句子的成分分析，如果这么基础的都没了解，谈何通过做题来培养分析句子成分的能力呢？
③舍得是关键。可能你会觉得句子成分的分析有些难，那或许源于你本身对它有所恐惧，有些成分我们没必要分析就放一放，“牛要牵牛鼻子”只有对一些要害的成分进行分析，才能事半功倍，有舍才有得啊！
【真题演练】
（09安徽）1. A good friend of mine from I was born showed up at my home right before I left for Beijing.
A. how B. whom C. when D. which
（09安徽）2. Many children， parents are away working in big cities，are taken good care of in the village.
A. their B. whose C. of them D. with whom
（09北京）3. —What do you think of teacher ,Bob？
—I find it fun and challenging. It is a job ___ you are doing something serious but interesting .
A. where B. which C. when D. that
（09福建）4. It’s helpful to put children in a situation they can see themselves differently.
A. that B. when C. which D. where
（09湖南）5．I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.
A. which B. of which C. that D. whose
（09江西）6. The house I grew up ________ has been taken down and replaced by an office building.
A. in it B. in C. in that D. in which
（09海南）7. She brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before.
A. them B. who C. whom D. these
（09山东）8. Whenever I met her, _________ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.
A. who B. which C. when D. that
（09陕西）9. Gun control is a subject Americans have argued for a long time.
A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which
（09四川）10. She’ll never forget her stay there ________ she found her son who had gone missing two years before.
A. that B. which C. where D. when
（09天津）11. A person ______ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever
（09天津）12 I travel to the Binhai New Area by light railway every day, _____ do many businessmen who live in downtown Tianjin.
A. as B. which C. when D. though
（09浙江）13．I have reached a point in my life ______ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.
A. which B. where C. how D. why
（09重庆）14. Life is like a long race _____we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.
A. why B. what C. that D. where
（09全国2 ）15. My friend showed me round the town, was very kind of him.
A. which B. that C. where D. it
（08福建卷）16. By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, ____ appeared a rare rainbow soon.
A. of which B. on which C. from which D. above which
08湖南卷）17. The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, _____ are beyond our control.
A. most of them B. most of which C. most of what D. most of that
（08江苏卷）18. The Science Museum, ______ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions.
A. which B. what C. that D. where
（08山东卷）19. Occasions are quite rare ______ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.
A. who B. which C. why D. when
（08江西卷）20. Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers __ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law.
A. where B. when C. who D. which
(08全国II)21. The road conditions there turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.
A. it B. what C. which D. that
（08陕西卷）22. Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday. Have you got any idea _________ the party is to be held
A. what B. which C. that D. where
（08陕西卷）23. The man pulled out a gold watch, _________ were made of small diamonds.
A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands of
C. which the hands of D. the hands of which
(08四川卷)24. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread our further, _______ New York is an example.
A. for which B. in which C. of which D. from which
（08浙江卷）25. Yesterday she sold her car, ______ she bought a month ago.
A. whom B. where C. that D. which
（08北京卷）26. I’ll give you your friend’s home address, I can be reached most evenings.
A. which B. when C. whom D. where
（08重庆卷）27. They will fly to Washington, ___ they plan to stay for two or three days.
A. where B. there C. which D. when
(08上海卷)28. We went through a period ___ communications were very difficult in the rural areas.
A. which B. whose C. in which D. with which
29. His movie won several awards at the film festival, ______ was beyond his wildest dream. [2007 上海卷]
A. which B. that C. where D. it
30. —Where did you get to know her
—It was on the farm _________ we worked. [2007 山东卷]
A．that B．there C．which D. where
31. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _______ wanted to buy it. [2007 安徽卷]
A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom
32. We shouldn’t spent our money testing so many people, most of _____are healthy[2007 北京卷]
A. that B. which C. what D. whom
33. By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself, ___________ can be very eye-opening and rewarding. [2007 湖南卷]
A. who B. which C. what D. that
34. He was educated at the local high school, ______ he went on to Beijing University. [2007 江苏卷]
A. after which B. after that C. in which D. in that
35. After graduation she reached a point in her career she heeded to decision what to do. [2007 江西卷]
A. that B. what C. which D. where
36. Some pre-school children go to a day care center, _______they learn simple games and songs. [2007 全国卷I]
A. then B. there C. while D. where
37. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases beginners of English fail to use the language properly.
[2007 陕西卷]
A. which B. as C. why D. where
38. The thought of going back home was kept him happy while he was working abroad．[2007 上海春]
A．that B．all that C．all what D．which
39. It is reported that two schools，_______ are being built in my hometown，will open next year. [2007 四川卷]
A．they both B．which both C．both of them D．both of which
40. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity ________ sight matters more than hearing.
[2007 天津卷]
A. when B. whose C. which D. where
41. Chan’s restaurant on Baker Street, ______ used to be poorly run, is now a successful business. [2007 浙江卷]
A. that B. which C. who D. where
42. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ______ they can be controlled on purpose. [2007 重庆卷]
A. with which B. to which C. of which D. for which
43. Eric received training in computer for one year, _____ he found a job in a big company. [2007 辽宁卷]
A. after that B. after which C. after it D. after this
4、交际用语的考查
【交际用语归纳总结】
如何回答别人的感谢：That's all right. You are welcome.
It's my pleasure.(注意with pleasure与It's my pleasure的区别，with
pleasure 是指还未帮忙时的回答，表达一种乐意去做的情感。而 It's my
pleasure则是用作别人谢你时的回答）
如何回答别人的邀请或建议：what a pity!(假如你没时间） why not
Good idea! Sounds good ! All right.
如何回答别人向你的请求：Go ahead! Of course. certainly.例如，Could I close the window. It's too cold .你可以回答： Of course.
如何表达一种惊叹：how come (怎么会这样）
几个常考的交际用语：It all depends!(视情况而定） what if(倘若....会怎么样）
What for (做什么用，为什么） So what (那又怎么样）
Got it!(明白了） Take your time.(别着急） Take it easy.(放松点）
【交际用语的备考指导】
交际用语要注意中西方的差异，这点非常重要，往往考生失分就在于忽视了中西方文化上的差异。交际用语的不仅在单选里考查，听力里也有所涉及。所以，平时做听力时也可以积累交际上的回答，注意体味情景的含义。
交际用语的复习不要刻意投入太多的时间，把平时该掌握的掌握好就可以了！
【真题演练】
（09安徽）1 -- Could you be so kind as to close the window
-- .
A. With pleasure B. Go ahead
C. Yes, please D. That's OK
（09福建）2. –Bruce, I really appreciate your handwriting.
- .
A. I practice every day B. Thank you very much
C. No, I don’t think so D. Well, it’s not good enough
（09江西）3. ----Thank you for your MP4 player. I’ll get Mary to take it to you soon.
----___________. I’ve bought a new one.
A. No sense B. No hurry C. No way D. No use
（09四川）4. —May I open the window to let in some fresh air
—___________
A. Come on B. Take care C. Go ahead! D. Hold on!
（09海南）5. －It looks heavy. Can I give you a hand
－ .
A. No, thanks B. Yes, my pleasure
C. No, never mind D. Yes, I do
（09山东）6. -------John and I will celebrate our fortieth wedding anniversary next month.
--------Oh, _________!
A. cheer up B. well done C. go ahead D. congratulations
（09山东）7. ------Poor Steve! I could hardly recognize him just now!
------_______________, He has changed so much.
A. Never mind B. No problem C. Not at all D. Me neither
（09山东）8------shall we have our picnic tomorrow
-----______it doesn’t rain.
A. Until B. While C. Once D. If
（09陕西）9. —My mother is preparing my favorite dishes. Go with me and have a taste, okay
-- . And I’ll be glad to meet your parents.
A. I think so B. I’d love to C. I’m sure D. I hope so
（09陕西）10. —Have you finished your first paper
-- . Just half of it. How about you
A. Not at all B. Not likely C. Not a bit D. Not yet
（09四川）11. —Would you please help me with the box
—_________
A. Yes, please B. No, please don’t C. With pleasure D. My pleasure
（09天津）12. ---- We’re organizing a party next Saturday, and I’d like you to come.
---- _______! I have another one that day. Thank you just the same.
A. Good luck B. What a pity C. Never do it again D. Well done
（09天津）13. ---- Putting on a happy face not only helps us make friends but also makes us feel better.
---- _______.
A. I’d love to B. I’m with you on that
C. It’s up to you D. It’s my pleasure
（09浙江）14．－Hey, you haven’t been acting like yourself, Everything OK
－______.
A. I’m fine, thanks B. Sure, it is C. That’s good D. It’s OK
（09浙江）15．－ Do you want another drink
－ __________.
A. I don’t think so. B. No way C. Not at all D. I wouldn’t say no
（09重庆）16—You are confident about the job interview, aren’t you
—_____. I’m well prepared and feel I’ve got everything they need.
A. sure, I am B. It’s hard to say
C. I hope so D. Well, maybe
（09重庆）17. —Ken, ________, but your TV is going too loud.
—Oh, I’m sorry. I’ll turn it down right now.
A. I’d like to talk with you B. I’m really tired of this
C. I hate to say this D. I need your help
（09全国2 ）18. —— Do you mind my opening the window It’s a bit hot in here.
—— , as a matter of fact
A. Go ahead B. Yes, my pleasure
C. Yes, I do D. Come on
（09江苏）19.--- Bill, can I get you anything to drink
--- .
A. You are welcome B. No problem
C. I wouldn't mind a coffee D. Doesn’t matter
（08全国I卷）20. —Would you like to join me for a quick lunch before class
—______, but I promised Nancy to go out with her.
A. I’d like to B. I like it C. I don’t D. I will
（08全国I卷）21. —What fruit is in season now
—Grapes and peaches, ______.
A. I know B. I think C. I see D. I feel
（08全国I卷）22. —Sorry, I made a mistake again.
—______. Practice more and you’ll succeed.
A. Never mind B. Certainly not C. Not at all D. Don’t mention it
（08安徽卷）23. -----I have some big news for you. You’ve been accepted as a member of our club.
-----_______ That’s great!
A. Have I B. Pardon C. Congratulations! D. Good idea!
（08安徽卷）24. -----Good evening. Huangshan Hotel.
-----Good evening. ______________
A. Do you still have a room for tonight B. What would you like, please
C. Is there anything I can do for you D. Who is that speaking, please
（08江苏卷）25. —Do you mind if I record your lecture
—______. Go ahead.
A. Never mind B. No way
C. Not at all D. No. You’d better not
（08江苏卷）26. —Is Peter there
—______, please. I’ll see if I can find him for you.
A. Hold up B. Hold on C. Hold out D. Hold off
（08江苏卷）27. —It shouldn’t take long to clear up after the party if we all volunteer to help.
—That’s right. _______________.
A. Many hands make light work B. Something is better than nothing
C. The more the merrier D. The sooner begun, the sooner done
（08山东卷）28. —Say, Jane, will you come with me to the game Friday
—______, Bob, but I promised Mary I’d go with her.
A. My pleasure B. Thanks C. Take it easy D. Forget it
（08江西卷）29. –I think you’d better type this letter again before Mr. Smith see it.
-- Oh, dear! ___________.
A. Who cares B. No problem
C. I don’t mind at all D. Is it as bad as that
（08辽宁卷）30. —Did you have a good time in Thailand last week
— ______, it was too hot.
A. Not really B. Yeah, why not C. Oh, great D. You’re right
（08福建卷）31. – Would you like to join us in the game
–_____, for I have something important to attend to.
A. I will B. I’d love to C. I won’t D. I’m afraid not
（08辽宁卷）32. —My name is Jonathan. Shall I spell it for you
—______.
A. If you don’t mind B. Not at all C. Take it easy D. Nice to meet you
(08全国II)33. –Do you know Anna’s telephone number
-- ____. As a matter of fact, I don’t know any Anna, either.
A. I think so B. I’m afraid not
C. I hope so D. I’d rather not
(08全国II)34. --- Could I ask you a rather personal question
--- Sure, ____.
A. pardon me B. go ahead C. good idea D. forget it
（08陕西卷）35. –The floor is dirty. Can anyone clean it
– _________ . I do it all the time.
A. Don’t mention it. B. Why you C. Not sure D. Not me again.
(08四川卷)36. --- Let’s go for a walk in the garden.
--- _______, but I need to do the washing-up.
A. No, thank you B. That’s right C. Good idea D. Not at all
(08四川卷)37. --- Can you show me Mr. Jaffer’s office, please
--- _____. But I don’t know if he is in at the moment.
A. Thanks B. Go on C. Sure D. You are welcome
（08浙江卷）38. – Are you all right
– ______.
A. That’s OK B. I think so C. Take it easy D. It’s very kind of you
（08浙江卷）39. —Shall we go out for dinner tonight
—______.
A. You are right B. It must be funny
C. That sounds great D. Have a nice time
（08天津卷）40. ---- I just can’t stop worrying about the result of the job interview.
----_____. There’s nothing you can do now but wait.
A. Relax B. Go ahead C. Go for it D. Good luck
（08天津卷）41. ----How much do I owe you for lunch
----______. It’s nothing.
A. You’re welcome B. Forget it C. With pleasure D. That’s right
（08重庆卷）42.—May I ask a question after class, Sir
-- __, but not during my lunch break.
A. I am sorry B. Anytime
C. Certainly D. Go ahead
（08重庆卷）43. – I am afraid I can’t return the book to you before Friday.
-- __.
A. Don’t be afraid B. Be careful C Not at all. D. Take your time
44. —Have you heard the latest news
—No, What ________ [2007 全国卷I]
A. is it B. is there C. are they D. are those
45. —Can you read the sign, sir No smoking allowed in the lift!
—__________________. [2007 全国卷I]
A. Never mind B. Don’t mention it C. Sure, I don’t smoke D. Pardon me
46.—We have booked a room for today and tomorrow.
—____, sir. [2007 全国卷II]
A. I’m sure B. My pleasure C. It’s all right D. I’ll check
47.—I’m sorry to have kept you waiting.
—____, Bill. [2007 全国卷II]
A. You’re welcome B. Go ahead C. Don’t mention it D. No problem
48．—Have you been wasting time on computer games again
— ________ . I’ve been studying a lot and I need a break. [2007 山东卷]
A．No way B．Not really C．I don’t agree D．I couldn’t agree more
49. —Bill, if it doesn't rain, we can go straight on and spend more time in Vienna.
— I just want to hear Mozart. [2007 安徽卷]
A. Well done ! B. No problem. C. That' s great ! D. That' s it.
50．—Was Martin sorry for what he' d done
—___________. It was just like him! [2007 安徽卷]
A. Never mind B. All right C. Not really D. Not surprisingly
51．—Excuse me, do you have the time
— [2007 福建卷]
A.Yes, I do B.Of course, I have C.Aquarter to ten D.No problem
52．—“Could we put off the meeting ” she asked. [2007 江苏卷]
— “_________.” He answered politely. “This is the only day everyone is available.”
A. Not likely B. Not exactly C. Not nearly D. Not really
53. —Will you join us in the game [2007 江西卷]
—Thank you,
A.but why not B.but I’d rather not. C.and I won’t D.and I’ll join.
54. —Could I use your computer for a few moments,please [2007 陕西卷]
— . I’m not using it myself.
A.Come on B.It depends C.Go ahead D.That’s great
55. —Thank you for joining in our conversation tonight．[2007 四川卷]
— _______ .
A．It’s my duty B. It’s all right C．It’s my pleasure D．It’s nice to say so
56. —Dad! Tom's broken a glass!
— ________. Accidents will happen. [2007 四川卷]
A. No way B. Doesn't matter C. No trouble at all D. Don't mention it
57．—Could you turn the TV down a little bit [2007 天津卷]
—________. Is it disturbing you
A. Take it easy. B. I’m sorry. C. Not a bit D. It depends
58．—I apologize for not being able to join you for dinner.
—________. We’ll get together later. [2007 天津卷]
A. Go ahead B. Not to worry C. That’s right D. Don’t mention it
59. —You should apologize to her, Barry.
—______, but it’s not going to be easy. [2007 浙江卷]
A. I suppose so B. I feel so C. I prefer to D. I like to
60．—Now let’s move on to another topic. Do you follow me
—_______, Professor. [2007 重庆卷]
A. No, I am not B. Yes, I will C. No, I haven’t D. Yes, perfectly
61．—I’ve studied growing plants as one of my interests. Could I make some suggestions
— ______. [2007 重庆卷]
A. You will make it B. Go right ahead. C. Don’t mention it D. Take it easy
62．—Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the British Museum
—Sorry, I'm a stranger here.
—_______.[2007 辽宁卷]
A. Thanks anyway B. It doesn't matter C. Never mind D. No problem.
63. —Tony said he could fix my bicycle, but I really doubt it.
—______. He's very good at this sort of thing. [2007 辽宁卷]
A. Don't worry B. I couldn't agree more C. Of course D. A piece of cake
5、非谓语动词的考查
【09四川卷】 ________ many times , he finally understood it.
A. Told B. Telling C. Having told D. Having been told
解析：D.此题考查了非谓语动词中的“ed”形式，本题包含两个考查知识点，一个是语态，即逻辑主语是主动关系还是被动关系。二考了时态，即在语态对的基础上选用一般式还是完成式。这两个考查点其实也是学习好非谓语动词的基本要素。无论是从“ing”形式“inf”（动词不定式）形式，抑或是“ed”形式，语态和时态的考查一直贯穿于其中。可以说，这两大要素是非谓语家族的一个重要纽带。我们来看这道题，从语态上看，很显然，逻辑主语与tell应是被动关系。再看时态，主句的语气可感受到此处是为了强调次数的多，所以用完成式。
【注意】：从语法角度而言，此处用told也是可以的，“ed”形式的非谓语动词一般不强调时态的变化，一般考题中会回避 一般式和完成式的一起考查，但这要根据句意来选择时态。此题having been told 是最佳答案。
【09辽宁卷】 , you need to give all you have and try your best.
A Being a winner B To be a winner C Be a winner D Having been a winner
解析：此题考查了非谓语动词中动词不定时作目的状语的作用。语态上，此题肯定是主动语态，时态上，用一般式，To be a winner 作为目的状语。在动词不定式时态这块主要有三种时态：一般式（与谓语动词几乎同时发生）；完成式（先于谓语动词发生）；进行式（在谓语动词发生时正在进行），所以非谓语动词不定式这块的时态上要多加注意。答案选B
【非谓语动词备考指导】
非谓语动词内容看似庞杂，其实不然。它主要包含三项内容，也就是前面所说的“ing”形式、“ed”形式和“ing”形式。在这三项内容往往是串在一起考查，也会单独考查，由于“ing”形式和“ed”形式表示语态的不同，所以经常放在一起考查学生对语态的把握情况，并作相应的更改来考查时态，【09四川卷】就是这样一个考法。所以我们要明确非谓语动词到底考什么，如何考，这类题如何去答，现讲解如下。
【非谓语动词考点归纳和解题主导思想】
我们说语态和时态这两大要素是非谓语家族的一个重要纽带。考非谓语动词无疑要考查这两块内容。当然，这是建立在分析好非谓语动词在句子中所作成分的基础之上的。所以非谓语动词要把握好，用好，理解好必须明确语态是什么；时态如何选；在句子中充当什么成分这三点，这三点是解好非谓语动词类题的关键。所以，我们解题的主题思想是这样的：第一，迅速判断非谓语动词在句子中的成分；第二，找出逻辑主语，判断语态；第三，在语态准确的基础上，根据题意明确时态。这样问题必然迎刃而解。
【真题演练】
（09安徽）1. The play next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.
A. produced B. being produced
C. to be produced D. having been produced
（09北京）2 For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit _____ on his own farm.
A. grown B. being grown C. to be grown D. to grow K
（09北京）3. The way the guests _____ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service
A. treated B. were treated C. would treat D. would be treated
（09北京）4. All of them try to use the power of the workstation ___ information in a more effective way.
A. presenting B. presented C. being presented D. to present
（09北京）5. ___ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.
A. Being bitten B. Bitten C. Having bitten D. To be bitten
（09福建）6. not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.
A. Reminding B. Reminded C. To remind D. Having reminded
（09福建）7. In April, 2009, President Hu inspected the warships in Qingdao, the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy.
A. marking B. marked C. having marked D. being marked
（09湖南）8．When he the door, he found his keys were nowhere.
A. would open B. opened C. had opened D. was to open
（09湖南）9．At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, in a small apartment near Boston and ______ what to do about his future.
A. living; wondering B. lived; wondering
C. lived; wondered D. living; wondered
（09湖南）10. Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it .
A. reusing B. reused C. reuses D. to be reused
（09湖南）11. Please do me a favor — ______ my friend Mr. Smith to Youth Theater at 7:30 tonight.
A. to invite B. inviting C. invite D. invited
（09江西）12. _________ the right kind of training , these teenage soccer players may one day grew the international stars.
A. Giving B. Having given C. To give D. Given
（09江西）13. The government plans to bring in new laws _____ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.
A. forced B. forcing C. to be forced D. having forced
（09海南）14 The children all turned the famous actress as she entered the classroom.
A. looked at B. to look at
C. to looking at D. look at
(09海南)15. Now that we’ve discussed out problem, are people happy with the decisions
A. taking B. take C. taken D. to take
（09山东）16. We are invited to a party _________in our club next Friday.
A. to be held B. held C. being held D. holding
（09陕西）17。 I still remember to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.
A. to take B. to be taken C. taking D. being taken
（09上海）18. A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, _____all four people on board.
A. killed B. killing C. kills D. to kill
（09上海）19. With the government’s aid, those _____ by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.
A. affect B. affecting C. affected D. were affected
（09上海）20. Bill suggested _____ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.
A. having held B. to hold C. holding D. hold
（09四川）21. Ladies and gentlemen, please remain __________ until the plane has come to a complete stop.
A. seated B. seating C. to seat D. seat
（09上海）22. David threatened his neighbour to the police if the damages were not paid.
A. to be reported B. reporting
C. to report D. having reported
（09四川）23. He told us whether _________ a picnic was still under discussion
A. to have B. having C. have D. had
（09四川）24. ________ many times, he finally understood it.
A. Told B. Telling C. Having told D. Having been told
（09天津）25. ______ the project in time, the staff were working at weekends.
A. Competing B. Having completed C. To have completed D. To complete
（09天津）26. _____ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.
A. Being encouraged B. Encouraging
C. Encouraged D. Having encouraged
（09浙江）27．_______and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.
A. the; a B. Tired C. Tiring D. Being tired
（09浙江）28．There is a great deal of evidence _______ that music activities engage different parts of the brain.
A. indicate B. indicating C. to indicate D. to be indicating
（09重庆）29. Michael’s new house is like a huge palace, ______with his old one.
A. comparing B. compares
C. to compare D. compared
（09重庆）30. With the world changing fast, we have something new with all by ourselves every day.
A. deal B. dealt
C. to deal D. dealing
（09全国2 ）31. They use computers to keep the traffic smoothly.
A. being run B. run C. to run D. running
（09江苏）32. Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, reduce unemployment pressures.
A. help B. to have helped C. to help D. having helped
（09江苏）33.Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school, the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni (校友) from home and abroad.
A. Attend B. To attend C. Attending D. Having attended
（08全国I卷）34. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good ______.
A. to be breathed B. to breathe C. breathing D. being breathed
（08安徽卷）35._______ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.
A. To walk. B. Walking C. Walked D. Having walked
（08福建卷）36. ______ in the queen for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized be had left the cheque in the car.
A. Waiting B. To wait C. Having Waited D. To have waited
（08福建卷）37. – Can those ____ at the back of the classroom hear me
A. seat B. sit C. seated D. sat
（08湖南卷）38. The trees _____ in the storm have been moved off the road.
A. being blown down B. blown down C. blowing down D. to blow down
（08湖南卷）39. _____ the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.
A. Completing B. Complete C. Completed D. To complete
（08江苏卷）40. To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English ______ as much as we can.
A. speak. B. speaking C. spoken D. to speak
（08山东卷）41. Lucy’s new job paid twice as much as she had made ______ in the restaurant.
A. working B. work C. to work D. worked
（08江西卷）42. I hear they’ve promoted Tom, but he didn’t mention _____ when we talked on the phone.
A. to promote B. having been promoted
C. having promoted D. to be promoted
（08江西卷）43. We finished the run in less than half the time ____.
A. allowing B. to allow
C. allowed D. allows
（08辽宁卷）44. He was busy writing a story, only ______ once in a while to smoke a cigarette.
A. to stop B. stopping C. to have stopped D. having stopped
（08陕西卷）45. _________ around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Bird’s Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games.
A. Having shown B. To be shown C. Having been shown D. To show
(08四川卷)46. We had an anxious couple of weeks _____ for the results of the experiment.
A. wait B. to be waiting C. waited D. waiting
（08浙江卷）47. ______that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest.
A. Not realized B. Not to realize C. Not realizing D. Not to have realized
（08浙江卷）48. It is one of the funniest things ______ on the Internet so far this year.
A. finding B. being found C. to find D. found
（08北京卷）49. ______ that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she’d like that little doll on her bed.
A. Seeing B. To see
C. See D. Seen
（08北京卷）50. –Did the book give the information you needed
–Yes. But _____ it, I had to read the entire book.
A. to find B. find C. to finding D. finding
（08北京卷）51. I feel greatly honored ____ into their society.
A. to welcome B. welcoming
C. to be welcomed D. welcomed
（08天津卷）52. _____ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.
A. To throw B. Thrown C. Throwing D. Being thrown
（08重庆卷）53. __ to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead.
A. Fail B. Failed
C. To fail D. Having failed
(08上海卷)54. My sister, an inexperienced rider, was found sitting on the bicycle ___ to balance it.
A. having tried B. trying C. to try D. tried
(08上海卷)55. If there is a lot of work ___, I'm happy to just keep on until it is finished.
A. to do B. to be doing C. done D. doing
(08上海卷)56. Something as simple as ___ some cold water may clear your mind and relive pressure.
A. to drink B. drinking C. to be drinking D. drunk
(08上海卷)57. Ideally ___ for Broadway theatre and Fifth Avenue, the New York Park hotel is a favourite with many guests.
A. locating B. being located C. having been located D. located
58. —It’s a long time since I saw my sister.
—_______________ her this weekend [2007 全国卷I]
A. Why not visit B. why not to visit C. Why not visiting D. Why don’t visit
59. —The last one __________________ pays the meal.
—Agreed! [2007 全国卷I]
A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving
60. I smell something __________ in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute [2007 全国卷I]
A. burning B. burnt C. being burnt D. to be burnt
61. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks ____ could be heard outside the classroom. [2007 全国卷II]
A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closed C. being opened and closed D. to open and close
62. After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother’s voice ______ him. [2007 上海卷]
A. calling B. called C. being called D. to call
63. There is nothing more I can try ______ you to stay, so I wish you good luck. [2007 上海卷]
A. being persuaded B. persuading C. to be persuaded D. to persuade
64. The Town Hall ______ in the 1800’s was the most distinguished building at that time. [2007 上海卷]
A. to be completed B. having been completed C. completed D. being completed
65. The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent ________at the end of last March. [2007 山东卷]
A．has been launched B．having been launched C．being launched D．to be launched
66. Please remain _________ until the plane has come to a complete stop. [2007 山东卷]
A．to seal B．to be seated C．seating D．seated
67. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ________, he gladly accepted it. [2007 安徽卷]
A. finished B. finishing C. having finished D. was finished
68. —Robert is indeed a wise man.
—Oh, yes. How often I have regretted ______ his advice! [2007 安徽卷]
A. to take B. taking C. not to take D. not taking
69. —Excuse me sir,where is Room 301
—Just a minute.I’ll have Bob ____you to your room. [2007 北京卷]
A.show B.shows C. to show D. showing
70. He is a student at Oxford University, __________ for a degree in computer science. [2007 北京卷]
A. studied B. studying C. to have studied D. to be studying
71. Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English in a short period. [2007 福建卷]
A.improved B.improving C.to improve D.improve
72. —Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.
—Sorry. With so much work my mind, I almost break down. [2007 福建卷]
A.filled B.filling C.to fill D.being filled
73. As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not _________, and asked myself what I was going to do. [2007 湖南卷]
A. moved B moving C. to move D. being moved
74. “Things _________ never come again!” I couldn’t help talking to myself. [2007 湖南卷]
A. lost B. losing C. to lose D. have lost
75. —Can I smoke here
—Sorry. We don’t allow ______ here. [2007 江苏卷]
A. people smoking B. people smoke C. to smoke D. smoking
76. My parents have always made me ______ about myself, even when I was twelve. [2007 江苏卷]
A. feeling well B. feeling good C. feel well D. feel good
77. He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them ______ in his lectures. [2007 江苏卷]
A. interested B. interesting C. interest D. to interest
78. When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there for a space flight. [2007 江西卷]
A.training B.being trained C.to have trained D.to be trained
79. that she didn’t do a good job, I don’t think I am abler than her. [2007 陕西卷]
A.To have said B.Having said C.To say D.Saying
80. All the staff {n our company are considering to the city centre for the fashion show. [2007 上海春]
A．to go B．going C．to have gone D．having gone
81. the safety of gas, the government has checked the city’s gas supply system thoroughly. [2007 上海春]
A．To ensure B．Ensuring C．Having ensured. D．To have ensured
82. She wants her paintings in the gallery, but we don t think they would be very popular. [2007 上海春]
A．display B．to display C．displaying D．displayed
83. Peter received a letter just now ________ his grandma would come to see him soon. [2007 四川卷]
A．said B．says C．saying D．to say
84. The flowers his friend gave him will die unless ________ every day. [2007 四川卷]
A. watered B. watering C. water D. to water
85. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, ________ in the natural light during the day. [2007 天津卷]
A. to let B. letting C. let D. having let
86. The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ______.[2007 浙江卷]
A. to be heard B. to have heard C. hearing D. being heard
87. ______ by a greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more green houses. [2007 浙江卷]
A. Driven B. Being driven C. To drive D. Having driven
88. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons _______ for the day. [2007 重庆卷]
A. finishing B. finished C. had finished D. were finished
89 The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported ______ the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race. [2007 辽宁卷]
A. breaking B. having broken C. to have broken D. break
90. You can't imagine what difficulty we had ______ home in the snowstorm. [2007 辽宁卷]
A. walked B. walk C. to walk D. walking
6、情态动词与虚拟语气的综合考查
【09福建卷】But for the help of my English teacher, I the first prize in the English Writing Competition.
A. would not win B. would not have won C. would win D. would have won
解析：这类虚拟语气考的比较基础，but for 是解题的关键，我们知道虚拟语气里主要有三类虚拟，此处是对过去的一种虚拟，应该用would +have done形式。根据句意，我们知道此处应该用 would not have won 表示对过去的虚拟。所以选B.
现在虚拟语气的考查时难时简单，考简单的就像【09福建卷】很明显。考难一点，命题人会出错综条件句考查虚拟语气的综合运用能力。但是学好三类基本的虚拟是理解错综条件句考法的基础。现总结如下：
【虚拟语气三类盘点】
1、虚拟种类
①对现在的虚拟：主要使用一般过去时来体现虚拟，具体虚拟方法是：主句和从句的谓语动词都用虚拟。例如，I would come too if I had time to spare.(事实上是匀不出时间 ）所以，这类的虚拟条件句用动词过去式，主句采用would\should\could+动词原形
②对将来的虚拟：与对现在虚拟有些相似之处，主句采用should\would\could\+动词原型，虚拟条件句采用动词过去式或者should\were to+动词原形。例如，If the parents could farm the land themselves, food production would be much higher.
③对过去的虚拟；虚拟条件句采用had +过去分词；主句采用should\would\could\+have+过去分词。例如，If the hurricane had happened during the daytime, there would been more death.(注意：这里不是would have been,要灵活运用)
我们还需要注意的是有些虚拟语气中所陈述的一件事是事实，在这个事实里我们不能运用虚拟语气。
所以，虚
备战2010高考英语精品学案――英语复习专项训练
一、听力试题命题特点及答题技巧
听是理解和获得口头信息的交际能力。听力理解的能力,是说、读、写的基础,也是提高学生英语综合应用能力的前提。综观近几年高考英语听力试题可知,高考英语听力试题分值30分,占整个卷面总分的1/5,同时,安排在英语考试的一开始。因此,它的成败不但会影响考生听力试题本身的得分,而且还会给考生对后面的整个笔试部分的解答带来一定的心理影响。那么,怎样才能做好听力试题呢 笔者认为,了解听力试题命题特点,把握其应试技巧是关键。
一、高考英语听力试题命题特点
1. 听力试题测试要点
高考英语听力测试以对话或独白为测试内容,在语言使用的场景中测试考生使用语音、词汇以及语法知识的能力,强调口头语的真实性。它着重考查考生对所听信息的整体理解能力,而不是单一地检测语音、语调的知识。无论是听对话,还是听独白,都需要有整体感,没有整体感,就不可能有正确的理解。听力测试的要点主要体现在以下几点:(1)理解主旨和要义;(2)获取事实性的具体信息,如时间、地点、人物等;(3)对说话的背景、说话者之间的关系等作出简单的推断;(4)理解说话者的意图、观点或态度。
2. 听力试题话题和材料的选用
高考听力材料的选用非常重视语言真实性和交际性的原则,语言材料一般来源于实际生活,围绕一个日常生活话题展开,涉及文化教育、人物、科普、时事等。对话的内容大都取材于日常生活,即衣、食、住、行、工作、学习、天气、生活环境等话题,可分为校园、公共场所等如:shopping, finding the way, doing one\'s homework, seeing a doctor, making a phone call, weather report, asking for different kinds of information等。
高考听力材料选材特点:(1)无论是对话,还是独白,其结构和内容都不复杂,难度远远低于阅读理解材料。(2)所选听力材料具有充分的情感成分,说话人的情绪随着话语进行的具体情况而变化。故考生应善于体会这些变化,并从中理解语篇的整体意义。
3. 听力试题中常见词句的使用
高考听力试题中以口头交际用语为主,强调口头表达能力。具体表现在:(1)大量使用日常词汇,如have, do, take, give, make等,这些词汇具有很强的活力,可以和其它词构成众多的短语,用在不同的语境之中,如Take care! Have fun! 等。(2)大量使用习语等固定用语来表达某种感情,或引起对方注意,或改变话题。如Wonderful!(兴奋) Why not do... (建议)By the way...(改变话题)等。(3)短句、自然句多,句子结构比较松散、随便。如:It\'s interesting. Do you like it It\'s a hard job.(4)在快速交谈中,语篇中缩略语使用较多。如there\'s, he\'s, I\'ll, UK, ad, pop等。
二、高考英语听力试题答题技巧
1. 怎样听对话
对话包括第一节五个简短的小对话(每听完一个对话回答一个问题,每段对话仅读一遍)和第二节成段的长对话(每听完一段对话,要回答2-4个问题,每段对话读两遍)。听对话时,我们应注意以下几个方面:
1)听放录音前和听放录音之间,快速阅读选项和问题,以选项和问题透露的内容为线索,推断对话所涉及的话题。
2)注意从第二人的答话中获取重要信息。小对话的特点是一至两个来回极短的对话,设题时往往是根据答话人所说的内容而提问的。
3)有些题目涉及行动发生的时间、地点、某物的价格或干什么、谁干什么等。解答这类题时,我们要尽量听清对话的细节、内容和提问。例如:
How much will you spend if you buy two shirts
A. 50 dollars. B. 100 dollars. C. 80 dollars.
录音原文:
M: How much is the shirt
W: It\'s $50. but it will be cut down by 20% if you take a dozen.
答案选B。通过预读问题可知,问的是买两件衬衫的价格。对话中涉及的数字较多,购买者要买12件(a dozen)才可能降价20%,有些考生由于没有听清后面的部分,而误选了C答案。错误原因主要是因为考生对有些数字如twice, 20%, dozen, double, half of等表达法掌握不到位,容易受它们的干扰。
4)注意对话中的\"弦外之音\",即对话的一方并不直率地对对方所说的事情或提出的问题表明态度,而是间接地或含蓄地从侧面来表达自己的看法。这种题一定要多加思考,仔细地揣摩\"话中话\"。例如:
What does the woman mean
A. The spring has begun.
B. They\'re ready for the rain..
C. It\'s been raining.
录音原文:
M: I think it\'s going to rain.
W: Starting to rain The ground is already wet.
从对话中得知,男方\"认为天就要下雨了\",而女方并未直接回答,而是说\"......地面已潮湿了\"。这就表明了女方并不同意男方的说法,但又没有直接用yes或no来表明看法,而用了\"The ground is already wet.\"来含蓄地表明了\"天已经下雨了\"的看法。所以答案选C。
5)注意捕捉对话中的关键信息进行分析。在成段的对话中,对话会出现多种信息,考生在听音时,可能会顾此失彼,糊里糊涂。因此考生解题时,要注意在第一遍听懂对话大意,知道了选项内容后,在听第二遍时,要有意识地针对与选项有关的内容来捕捉有关信息,经过迅速分析后,选出合理答案。
2. 怎样听独白
听独白,是听力测试中极其重要的部分。它是听力试题第二节中的最后一道题,文章篇幅约为200词左右。听完独白后,一般要求考生回答3-4个问题,每段对话读两遍。这类题型不同于上述的对话题型,它是由说话人独自讲述的一段话,其内容往往是讲述某一件事。听独白时,我们应注意以下几点:
1)在听录音之前,考生应将所有题目和选项浏览一遍,这样可以对短文内容有个大致的了解,以便在听短文时有的放矢,有所侧重。
2)在听短文时,要注意捕捉每篇文章或每一段开头的一句话,因为它们往往是该篇或该段落的主题句,概括了文章的主要内容或对下文提出了重要提示。
3)密切注意短文中事件发生的时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)和情节(plot)这些要素,因为短文后的问题通常会以what, when, where, which, who, why, whose, how等疑问词开头。
4)要从整体上了解短文的中心内容,根据题目的要求把握主要情节或论点,做到边听边记,把回答问题的关键词语及内容记录下来,但记的前提是不影响听。可以用符号或自己能看懂的方式记录。
5)注意试题的排列次序。这类题型常常是将小题按所对应的录音材料内容的顺序排列。当没有时间预先阅读选项或时间不宽裕时,考生可以边听录音边依次浏览选项,同时进行思考、答题,也可将先看后听和边看边听两个方法结合起来。
6)如果有听不懂的词语,可以从上下文推测其含义,或者记下该词的发音,等听完后再去判断它的词义。切忌听短文时,思维在某个词语上滞留,以致影响后面短文的理解,而造成一步跟不上,全部受影响的被动局面。
总之,听力的提高是一个循序渐进、日积月累的过程。在听力训练中,只要我们能制定目标,坚持不懈,进行系统的听力训练,打下扎实的基本功;同时,在答题时,能做到方法得当、冷静答题,就一定能取得较满意的成绩。
二、单项选择命题特点及答题技巧
做单选题既可以考察学生对词法，句法和其它语法知识的了解和运用的熟练程度，同时也可以学到课本上学不到的知识点，因此考生有必要把近些年的高考单选题拿过来仔细研究，找出考察要点和答题技巧。
[解题思路点拨]
通读题干，不放过半点信息，尤其要注意暗示时间的词语和句中暗示句子结构的标点。做题时首用直接法，然后用和排除法和比较法。所谓直接法，就是在读题时大脑即刻想到的并一眼能够在选项中看到的答案。这种方法既准确又快。所谓排除法，就是把比较明显的认错误选项排除掉。然后把学过的知识与老师的讲解集合起来，再用上平时做题是的经验和教训，比较余项间的差异，最后得出正确选项。
[测试要点]
一、基础语法要点： 1） 语法知识的运用能力 ；2）词组搭配和习惯语法；3）对词义的理解和辨析。
二、基础知识要点：1）名词。2）冠词。3）代词。4）数词。5）形容词和副词。6）介词。7）动词的时态和语态。8）非谓语。9）情态动词。10）虚拟语气。11）短语动词与辨析。12）一致。13）倒装。14）连词和复合句15）定语从句。16）表语从句。17）强调句18）情景交际和习惯用法
一、冠词的考查
【09北京卷】The biggest whale is ___ blue whale, which grows to be about 29 meters long—the height of ___ 9-story building.
A. the; the B. a; a C. a; the D. the; a
解析：D.抛开the用在序数词前，抑或是用在世界上独一无二的事物的名词前等等这一类的用法不谈，我们知道the一般是用在大家都认知的事物的名词前，或是用在单数的普通名词前，表示一类人或事物。例如，The horse is a very useful animal.这里的the+普通名词是表示一类事物，泛指马。所以第一个空应该是the,表示一种泛指概念。
a也有像定冠词the一样的用法，也可以是泛指，例如刚才那一例，我们可以说A horse is a very useful animal.第二个空如果我们填the就表示特定的一栋楼，所以这里填a,表示任意概念，任何一个九层楼房，也是一种泛指的概念。
结论：09年北京卷并未考很怪很偏的题，而是着眼于the和a的基础用法，即使不凭语法，凭语感也能读出来。但要记住语感是建立在多读，多听的基础上的，而不是凭空冒出来的。所以，冠词的复习先要落实基础，在对一些特殊情况做一些适当的理解，此处不宜深究，否则会干扰做题。
【09江西卷】Some people fear that ________ air pollution may bring about changes in _______weather around the world.
A. /; the B. the; / C. an; the D. the; a
解析：A.本题目的很明确，即考查学生对冠词使用情况的理解程度。我们知道空气污染应是一个抽象的概念，造成空气污染的因素才是客观实在的东西。在抽象名词前一般不用冠词，例如，Failure is the mother of success.这里的failure是一个抽象的概念，体现failure的事或物才是客观实在的东西。所以，对于抽象和非抽象的界定标准要把握好。
Weather它本身就是客观实在，阴天，雨天，晴天都是weather,指的就是天气，所以weather在这里并不是抽象名词，所以我们用the weather泛指这类概念。
结论：冠词的考查，其实就是在围绕该用不该用，用哪一类冠词在考查。江西卷就是围绕该用不该用在考查，北京卷就是在围绕用哪一类在考查。但我们从这两题也能看的出来平时多读，多积累也是做好这类题的保障，如果对语法的理解程度把握的不是很好，有时也会选错。
【09四川卷】In order to find _______ better job , he decided to study _________ second foreign language .
A. the ; a B. a ; a C. the ; the D. a ; the
解析：B.冠词这一块有时也会结合词组（也就是冠词一些固定的结构）来考查，这就更加强调平时积累的重要性了，a second 表示再次，例如，You need to type in your password a second time to confirm it . 第一个空我想没人在考试时真正通过语法分析得出答案吧，即使你凭的是语感，你也可以非常自信地说填“a”，这种自信的语感判断实则是建立在你多读了，积累了。当然语法判断也是不容忽视的，有些题目瞄准了你会用语感审读，挖陷阱让你跳。
【冠词的备考指导】
高考中冠词的考查不会完全拘泥于语法，因为那一套大家早已熟读千遍万遍了，可总感觉做题用不上，即使用上了，我们感觉根据语法a和the都可以。造成这种现象的原因有二。一，完全将语法作为得出答案的标准。语法应是做题的正确与否的检验标准，而不是我们做题（这里是指做冠词类题目）赖以生存的工具。二，本身对语法的把握度不是很好。有时在语法的学习中只知其一不知其二也是做题失败的重要原因之一。
那么如何做到以不变应万变呢？我觉得冠词的备考必须坚持每天安排一个特定的时间进行文本阅读，读多了一来语感有了，而来也积累了一定量的知识（对完形很有帮助），三来自然而然对一些语法会有所领悟，加强了自己对语法知识的进一步理解，同时还能意识到语法知识外的一些特例。这么多好处，何乐而不为呢？当然这首先要建立在你对语法这块先有个认识，否则读也只能变成“小和尚念经，有口无心”。
所以，冠词的备考，务必要记住语法不可不学，但不要太执着。语感不容忽视，但不可太陶醉。记住：70%的语感（语感的培养持之以恒是关键）+20%的语法+10%的自信=你的正确答案。
【真题演练】
（09安徽）1. We can never expect bluer sky unless we create less polluted world. 21世纪教育网
A. a; a B. a; the 21世纪教育网
C. the; a D. the; the 21世纪教育网
（09北京）2. The biggest whale is ___ blue whale, which grows to be about 29 meters long—the height of ____ 9-story building. 21世纪教育网
A. the; the B. a; a C. a; the D. the; a 21世纪教育网
（09江西）3. Some people fear that ________ air pollution may bring about changes in _______ weather around the world. 21世纪教育网
A. /; the B. the; / C. an; the D. the; a 21世纪教育网
（09海南）4. Let’s go to cinema-that’ll take your mind off the problem for while
A. the; the B. the; a
C. a; the D. a ; a
（09陕西）5. What pity that you couldn’t be there to receive prize!
A. a; a B. the; a C. a; the D. the; the
（09四川）6. In order to find _______ better job, he decided to study _________ second foreign language. 21世纪教育网
A. the; a B. a; a C. the; the D. a; the 21世纪教育网
（09浙江）7．I don’t understand what the engineer means, but I’ve got ______ rough idea of _____ project plan.
A. the; a B. 不填; the C. the; 不填 D. a; the
（09重庆）8, Washing machines made by China have won worldwide attention and Haier has become popular name.
A. a; the B. /; a 21世纪教育网
C. /; the D. the; a 21世纪教育网
（09全国2 ）9. What I need is book that contains ABC of oil painting.
A. a; 不填 B. the; 不填 C. the; an D. a; the 21世纪教育网
（08湖南卷）10. Have you heard ______ news？The piece of _______ petrol is going up again!
A. the, the B. 不填，the C. the, 不填 D. 不填，不填
（08江苏卷）11. We went right round to the west coast by ______ sea instead of driving across ______ continent.
A. the; the B.不填；the C. the; 不填 D. 不填；不填
（08山东卷）12. Students should be encouraged to use ______ Internet as ______ resource.
A. 不填；a B. 不填; the C. the; the D. the; a
（08江西卷）13. --- I am so sorry to have come late for the meeting.
--- It is not your fault. With __ rush-hour traffic and __ heavy rain, it is no wonder you were late.
A. a; a B. the; the
C. /; / D. /; a
（08辽宁卷）14. My neighbor asked me to go for ______ walk, but I don’t think I’ve got ______ energy.
A. a; 不填 B. the; the C. 不填；the D. a; the
(08全国II)15. It’s not ___ good idea to drive for four hours without ___ break.
A. a ; a B. the ; a C. the ; the D. a ; the
（08陕西卷）16. I ate _________ sandwich while I was waiting for _________ 20:08 train.
A. the, a B. the, the C. a, the D. a, a
(08四川卷)17. In the United States, there is always ____ flow of people to areas of ______ country where more jobs can be found.
A. a; the B. the ; a C. the; the D. a; a
（08浙江卷）18. ______ apple fell from the tree and hit him on ______ head.
A. An; the B. The; the C. An; 不填 D. The; 不填
（08重庆卷）19. In many places in China, ___ bicycle is still ___ popular means of transportation.
A. a; the B. /; a C. the; a D. the;the
20 —Could you tell me the way to ____ Johnsons, please
—Sorry, we don’t have ____ Johnson here in the village. [2007 全国卷II]
A. the; the B. the; a C. /; the D. the; /
21. ________ walk is expected to last all day, so bring------- packed lunch. [2007 山东卷]
A．A;a B．The; 不填 C．The ; a D．A ; 不填
22. —How about Christmas evening party [2007 福建卷]
—I should say it was success.
A.a; a B.The; a C.a;不填 D.the; 不填
23. I looked under _____bed and found ______bokkd I lost last week. [2007 北京卷]
A.the; a B. the: the C. 不填；the D. the:;不填
24. Polar bears live mostly on______sea ice, which they use as ______platform for hunting seals. [2007 湖南卷]
A. a; a B. a; the C. 不填; a D. the; 不填
25. We have every reason to believe that_____ 2008 Beijing Olympic Games will be_____ success.[2007 江苏卷]
A. / … a B. the … / C. the … a D. a … a
26. Many people have come to realize that they ahould go on ___balanced diet and make ____ room in their day for exercise. [2007 江西卷]
A.a;/ B.the; a C.the;the D./;a
27. In film Cast Away.Tom Hanks plays man named Chuck Noland. [2007 陕西卷]
A.a; the B.the; a C.the; the D.a; a
28. How about taking ______ short break I want to make _______ call．[2007 四川卷]
A．the；a B．a；the C．the；the D．a；a
29. I wanted to catch ________early train, but couldn’t get ________ ride to the station. [2007 天津卷]
A. an, the B. /, the C. an, / D. the, a
30. I like _____ color of your skirt. It is _____ good match for your blouse. [2007 浙江卷]
A. a; the B. a; a C. the; a D. the; the
31. Gorge couldn’t remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it was _____ Sunday because everybody was at _______ church. [2007 重庆卷]
A. /; the B. the; / C. a; / D. /; a
32. Chrismas is _____ special holiday when _______ whole family are supposed to get together.[2007 辽宁卷]
A. the, the B. a, a C. the, a D. a, the
2、动词及动词词组的考查
词组的考查是每份卷子必不可少的内容之一，这项内容的不仅在单选里考查，在完形里也经常考查，所以很有必要对其进行积累背诵。另外，作文中词组的选用也是考查的重点内容，所以很有必要学好，用好，理解好！现归纳一些常考词组考查，希望对备考有所帮助。
【常考词组】
①V+down类型 break down 垮下；分解；出故障 calm down 平静下来
let down 使失望 knock down 撞到 settle down 定居 take down 记下
②V+away类型 die away 渐渐消失 put away 放好 clear away 扫除
get away 逃走 break away 摆脱 wear away 磨损
③V+off类型 break off 中断；停止 carry off 夺走 ring off 挂电话
send off 送走；寄出 show off 炫耀 see off 送行
give off 放出；发出（光热） wipe off 擦去 pay off 还清债务；得到回报
put off 推迟；摆脱
【词组的备考指导】
词组的备考不是临时抱佛脚可以有所成效的，它需要你平时多注重积累，但这种积累也不是盲目的积累，而是对比着积累；联系积累；联想着积累；归纳着积累。
顾名思义，对比着积累就是将词组对比着记，一来可以达到触类旁通的效果，二来对比的过程中也是一个强效的记忆过程，可以帮助你很好的记忆词组。
联系积累是指对于陌生的词组，我们可以联系已学的词组，猜测它的词义。如果猜对了，这个陌生的词组就会在相当一段时间不会被忘却。这样比拿到一个词组就急着找它的意思不知强多少倍，可以大大提高效率。当然，猜错了也没关系，那样会记得更深。
联想着积累要因人而异了，这也是人记忆的本能，就是将所背的内容与某些事物联系起来，或是自己联想一个事物帮住自己理解。
归纳着积累就是我刚才在【常考词组】中归纳的一样，将每一种类型都归纳起来，做到心中有底。
（09浙江）1．The good thing about children is that they _______ very easily to new environments.
A. adapt B. appeal C. attach D. apply
（09安徽2. Just as Professor Scotti often it, success is ninety-nine percent mental attitude.
A. gets B. makes
C. puts D. means
（09安徽）3. We tried to find a table for seven，hut they were all .
A. given away B. kept away
C. taken up D. used up
（09福建）4. We are at your service. Don’t to turn to us if you have any further problems.
A. beg B. hesitate C. desire D. seek
（09湖北）5. Would you please ______ the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes
A. look around B. look into C. look up D. look through
（09湖北）6. During the war there was a serious lack of food. It was not unusual that even the wealthy families had to ______ bread for days.
A. eat up B. give away C. do without D. deal with
（09湖北）7. The loss has not yet been ______ accurately, but it is believed to be well beyond a hundred million dollars.
A. calculated B. considered C. completed D. controlled
（09湖北）8. Some parents are just too protective. They want to ______ their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined.
A. spot B. dismiss C. shelter D. distinguish
（09江西）9. It is reported that the police will soon ____ the case of two missing children.
A. look upon B. look after C. look into D. look out
（09海南）10. I tried phoning her office, but I couldn’t__________.
A. get along B. get on
C. get to D. get through
（09山东）11. -------Do you have enough to ________all your daily expenses
--------Oh yes, enough and to spare.
A. cover B. spend C. fill D. offer
（09海南）12. Encourage your children to try new things, but try not to them too hard.
A. draw B. strike
C. rush D. push
（09山东）13 Amy joined a painting group but didn’t seem to _______, so she left.
A. show B. go up C. fit in D. come over
（09陕西）14. A. notice was in order to remind the students of the changed lecture time.
A. sent up B. given up C. set up D. put up
（09上海）15. The Great Wall is ____ tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.
A. so a well-known B. a so well-known
C. such well-known D. such a well-known
（09四川）16.—Have you __________
—No. I had the wrong number.
A. got in B. got away C. got off D. got through
（09四川）17. —How about your journey to Mount Emei
—Everything was wonderful except that our car _________ twice on the way.
A. slowed down B. broke down C. got down D. put down
（09天津）18. ---- Sorry, I have to ______ now. It’s time for class.
---- OK, I’ll call back later.
A. hang up B. break up C. give up D. hold up
（09天津）19. Don’t worry if you don’t understand everything, the teacher will ______ the main points at the end.
A. recover B. review C. require D. remember
（09浙江）20．Practisig Chinese kung fu can not only ________ one’s strength, but also develop one’s character.
A. bring up B. take up C. build up D. pull up
（09全国2 ）21 If you leave the club, you will not be back in .
A. received B. admitted C. turned D. moved
（09江苏）22.---- I' m surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have __ .
----So am I. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them.
A. broken up B. finished up C. divided up closed up
（08全国I卷）23. The performance ______ nearly three hours, but few people left the theatre early.
A. covered B. reached C. played D. lasted
（08安徽卷）24. -----Are you happy with your new computer
----- No, it is _______ me a lot of trouble.
A. showing B. leaving C. giving D. sparing
（08江苏卷25. —I’m still working on my project.
—Oh, you’ll miss the deadline. Time is ______.
A. running out B. going out C. giving out D. losing out
（08山东卷）26. The fact that she never apologized ______ a lot about what kind of person she is.
A. says B. talks C. appears D. declares
（08山东卷）27. Einstein liked Bose’s paper so much that he ______ his own work and translated it into German.
A. gave off B. turned down C. took over D. set aside
（08江西卷）28. I _____ it as a basic principle of the company that suppliers of raw materials should be given a fair price for their products.
A. make B. look
C. take D. think
（08辽宁卷）29. You have to be a fairly good speaker to ______ listeners’ interest for over an hour.
A. hold B. make C. improve D. receive
(08全国II)30. – What are you reading, Tom
-- I’m not really reading, just ___ the pages.
A. turning off B. turning around
C. turning over D. turning up
(08全国II)31. Little Johnny felt the bag, curious to know what it ____.
A. collected B. contained C. loaded D. saved
（08陕西卷）32. It’s going to rain. Xiao Feng, Will you please help me _________ the clothes on the line
A. get off B. get back C. get in D. get on
(08四川卷)33. Although this ______ sound like a simple task, great care is needed.
A. look out B. stay up C. carry on D. get along
（08浙江卷）34. American Indian ______ about five percent of the U.S. population.
A. fill up B. bring up C. make up D. set up
（08湖北卷）35. Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still ______ the traditional customs.
A. perform B. possess C. observe D. support
（08湖北卷）36. As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine, we must send for an engineer to ______ the problem.
A. handle B. raise C. face D. present
（08湖北卷）37. The teacher stressed again that the students should not ______ any important details while retelling the story.
A. bring out B. let out C. leave out D. make out
（08湖北卷）38. In modern times, people have to learn to ______ all kinds of pressure although they are leading a comfortable life.
A. keep with B. stay with C. meet with D. live with
（08湖北卷）39. The present situation is very complex, so I think it will take me some time to ______ its reality.
A. make up B. figure out C. look through D. put off
（08天津卷）40. The meal over, the managers went back to the meeting room to ______ their discussion.
A. put away B. take down C. look over D. carry on
（08天津卷）41. Her shoes ______ her dress; they look very well together.
A. suit B. fit C. compare D. match
42. Why don’t you just ____ your own business and leave me alone [2007 全国卷II]
A. make B. open C. consider D. mind
43. At minus 130℃, a living cell can be ______ for a thousand years. [2007 上海卷]
A. spared B. protected C. preserved D. developed
44. In this seaside resort, you can ________ all the comfort and convenience of modern tourism. [2007 山东卷]
A．enjoy B．apply C．receive D．achieve
45. Emergency line operators must always calm and make sure that they get all the information they need to send help. [2007 湖北卷]
A.grow B.appear C.become D.stay
46. Surely it doesn’t matter where the student associations get their money from; what is what they do with it. [2007 湖北卷]
A.counts B.applies C.stresses D.functions
47. Don’t take too much of the medicine;it does you more harm than good if you . [2007 江西卷]
A.do B.take C.like D.have
48. Mum ________ to us，“Be quiet! Your little sister’s sleeping．”[2007 四川卷]
A．whispered B．shouted C．explained D．replied
49. If your race car isn’t insured, you may losing everything when it hits something solid．[2007 上海春]
A．delay B．deny C．avoid D．risk
50. —Look! He’s running so fast!
—Hard to _______ his legs were once broken. [2007 浙江卷]
A. know B. imagine C. realize D. find
51. Lucy has ______all of the goals she set for herself in high school and is ready for new challenges at university.
[2007 天津卷]
A. acquired B. finished C. concluded D. achieved
3、定语从句的考查
定语从句的实质就是从句句子结构的分析，进一步判断少了那些成分，我们因该选择什么样的关系词。它的本质就是通过残缺成分来让从句对先行词起到修饰作用，起到作定语的作用。所以，拿到一个定语从句题目，认真地进行从句结构的分析是解题的突破口。
【定语从句的备考指导】
定语从句的种类繁多，但也很单调。繁多是因为随便少个成分就是一类，单调是因为少来少去就是少成分，只是成分不同而已。语法书上定语从句貌似很多，然而当你总结完就是一句话：做好从句结构分析，找准关系词，注意语法限制。做到这三点，问题基本上就迎刃而解了。
那么怎么才能做到呢？如何高效习这块内容呢？任何事情没有捷径可走，但是有节省时间的路口走。
定语从句的复习要注意：①题要做，但不可做多。题目只是知识和能力考查的载体，如果说靠做题来提高，那觉得你走了弯路，我已经说过，定语从句所考查的是学生对句子分析的能力，是对关系词把握的能力。所以做好句子分析的能力储备是关键，做一道题就要分析透彻。
②学好句子成分那一章。尽管高考没明确指出考句子成分分析，但是英语中句法最基础的就是句子的成分分析，如果这么基础的都没了解，谈何通过做题来培养分析句子成分的能力呢？
③舍得是关键。可能你会觉得句子成分的分析有些难，那或许源于你本身对它有所恐惧，有些成分我们没必要分析就放一放，“牛要牵牛鼻子”只有对一些要害的成分进行分析，才能事半功倍，有舍才有得啊！
【真题演练】
（09安徽）1. A good friend of mine from I was born showed up at my home right before I left for Beijing.
A. how B. whom C. when D. which
（09安徽）2. Many children， parents are away working in big cities，are taken good care of in the village.
A. their B. whose C. of them D. with whom
（09北京）3. —What do you think of teacher ,Bob？
—I find it fun and challenging. It is a job ___ you are doing something serious but interesting .
A. where B. which C. when D. that
（09福建）4. It’s helpful to put children in a situation they can see themselves differently.
A. that B. when C. which D. where
（09湖南）5．I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.
A. which B. of which C. that D. whose
（09江西）6. The house I grew up ________ has been taken down and replaced by an office building.
A. in it B. in C. in that D. in which
（09海南）7. She brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before.
A. them B. who C. whom D. these
（09山东）8. Whenever I met her, _________ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.
A. who B. which C. when D. that
（09陕西）9. Gun control is a subject Americans have argued for a long time.
A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which
（09四川）10. She’ll never forget her stay there ________ she found her son who had gone missing two years before.
A. that B. which C. where D. when
（09天津）11. A person ______ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever
（09天津）12 I travel to the Binhai New Area by light railway every day, _____ do many businessmen who live in downtown Tianjin.
A. as B. which C. when D. though
（09浙江）13．I have reached a point in my life ______ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.
A. which B. where C. how D. why
（09重庆）14. Life is like a long race _____we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.
A. why B. what C. that D. where
（09全国2 ）15. My friend showed me round the town, was very kind of him.
A. which B. that C. where D. it
（08福建卷）16. By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, ____ appeared a rare rainbow soon.
A. of which B. on which C. from which D. above which
08湖南卷）17. The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, _____ are beyond our control.
A. most of them B. most of which C. most of what D. most of that
（08江苏卷）18. The Science Museum, ______ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions.
A. which B. what C. that D. where
（08山东卷）19. Occasions are quite rare ______ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.
A. who B. which C. why D. when
（08江西卷）20. Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers __ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law.
A. where B. when C. who D. which
(08全国II)21. The road conditions there turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.
A. it B. what C. which D. that
（08陕西卷）22. Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday. Have you got any idea _________ the party is to be held
A. what B. which C. that D. where
（08陕西卷）23. The man pulled out a gold watch, _________ were made of small diamonds.
A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands of
C. which the hands of D. the hands of which
(08四川卷)24. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread our further, _______ New York is an example.
A. for which B. in which C. of which D. from which
（08浙江卷）25. Yesterday she sold her car, ______ she bought a month ago.
A. whom B. where C. that D. which
（08北京卷）26. I’ll give you your friend’s home address, I can be reached most evenings.
A. which B. when C. whom D. where
（08重庆卷）27. They will fly to Washington, ___ they plan to stay for two or three days.
A. where B. there C. which D. when
(08上海卷)28. We went through a period ___ communications were very difficult in the rural areas.
A. which B. whose C. in which D. with which
29. His movie won several awards at the film festival, ______ was beyond his wildest dream. [2007 上海卷]
A. which B. that C. where D. it
30. —Where did you get to know her
—It was on the farm _________ we worked. [2007 山东卷]
A．that B．there C．which D. where
31. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _______ wanted to buy it. [2007 安徽卷]
A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom
32. We shouldn’t spent our money testing so many people, most of _____are healthy[2007 北京卷]
A. that B. which C. what D. whom
33. By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself, ___________ can be very eye-opening and rewarding. [2007 湖南卷]
A. who B. which C. what D. that
34. He was educated at the local high school, ______ he went on to Beijing University. [2007 江苏卷]
A. after which B. after that C. in which D. in that
35. After graduation she reached a point in her career she heeded to decision what to do. [2007 江西卷]
A. that B. what C. which D. where
36. Some pre-school children go to a day care center, _______they learn simple games and songs. [2007 全国卷I]
A. then B. there C. while D. where
37. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases beginners of English fail to use the language properly.
[2007 陕西卷]
A. which B. as C. why D. where
38. The thought of going back home was kept him happy while he was working abroad．[2007 上海春]
A．that B．all that C．all what D．which
39. It is reported that two schools，_______ are being built in my hometown，will open next year. [2007 四川卷]
A．they both B．which both C．both of them D．both of which
40. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity ________ sight matters more than hearing.
[2007 天津卷]
A. when B. whose C. which D. where
41. Chan’s restaurant on Baker Street, ______ used to be poorly run, is now a successful business. [2007 浙江卷]
A. that B. which C. who D. where
42. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ______ they can be controlled on purpose. [2007 重庆卷]
A. with which B. to which C. of which D. for which
43. Eric received training in computer for one year, _____ he found a job in a big company. [2007 辽宁卷]
A. after that B. after which C. after it D. after this
4、交际用语的考查
【交际用语归纳总结】
如何回答别人的感谢：That's all right. You are welcome.
It's my pleasure.(注意with pleasure与It's my pleasure的区别，with
pleasure 是指还未帮忙时的回答，表达一种乐意去做的情感。而 It's my
pleasure则是用作别人谢你时的回答）
如何回答别人的邀请或建议：what a pity!(假如你没时间） why not
Good idea! Sounds good ! All right.
如何回答别人向你的请求：Go ahead! Of course. certainly.例如，Could I close the window. It's too cold .你可以回答： Of course.
如何表达一种惊叹：how come (怎么会这样）
几个常考的交际用语：It all depends!(视情况而定） what if(倘若....会怎么样）
What for (做什么用，为什么） So what (那又怎么样）
Got it!(明白了） Take your time.(别着急） Take it easy.(放松点）
【交际用语的备考指导】
交际用语要注意中西方的差异，这点非常重要，往往考生失分就在于忽视了中西方文化上的差异。交际用语的不仅在单选里考查，听力里也有所涉及。所以，平时做听力时也可以积累交际上的回答，注意体味情景的含义。
交际用语的复习不要刻意投入太多的时间，把平时该掌握的掌握好就可以了！
【真题演练】
（09安徽）1 -- Could you be so kind as to close the window
-- .
A. With pleasure B. Go ahead
C. Yes, please D. That's OK
（09福建）2. –Bruce, I really appreciate your handwriting.
- .
A. I practice every day B. Thank you very much
C. No, I don’t think so D. Well, it’s not good enough
（09江西）3. ----Thank you for your MP4 player. I’ll get Mary to take it to you soon.
----___________. I’ve bought a new one.
A. No sense B. No hurry C. No way D. No use
（09四川）4. —May I open the window to let in some fresh air
—___________
A. Come on B. Take care C. Go ahead! D. Hold on!
（09海南）5. －It looks heavy. Can I give you a hand
－ .
A. No, thanks B. Yes, my pleasure
C. No, never mind D. Yes, I do
（09山东）6. -------John and I will celebrate our fortieth wedding anniversary next month.
--------Oh, _________!
A. cheer up B. well done C. go ahead D. congratulations
（09山东）7. ------Poor Steve! I could hardly recognize him just now!
------_______________, He has changed so much.
A. Never mind B. No problem C. Not at all D. Me neither
（09山东）8------shall we have our picnic tomorrow
-----______it doesn’t rain.
A. Until B. While C. Once D. If
（09陕西）9. —My mother is preparing my favorite dishes. Go with me and have a taste, okay
-- . And I’ll be glad to meet your parents.
A. I think so B. I’d love to C. I’m sure D. I hope so
（09陕西）10. —Have you finished your first paper
-- . Just half of it. How about you
A. Not at all B. Not likely C. Not a bit D. Not yet
（09四川）11. —Would you please help me with the box
—_________
A. Yes, please B. No, please don’t C. With pleasure D. My pleasure
（09天津）12. ---- We’re organizing a party next Saturday, and I’d like you to come.
---- _______! I have another one that day. Thank you just the same.
A. Good luck B. What a pity C. Never do it again D. Well done
（09天津）13. ---- Putting on a happy face not only helps us make friends but also makes us feel better.
---- _______.
A. I’d love to B. I’m with you on that
C. It’s up to you D. It’s my pleasure
（09浙江）14．－Hey, you haven’t been acting like yourself, Everything OK
－______.
A. I’m fine, thanks B. Sure, it is C. That’s good D. It’s OK
（09浙江）15．－ Do you want another drink
－ __________.
A. I don’t think so. B. No way C. Not at all D. I wouldn’t say no
（09重庆）16—You are confident about the job interview, aren’t you
—_____. I’m well prepared and feel I’ve got everything they need.
A. sure, I am B. It’s hard to say
C. I hope so D. Well, maybe
（09重庆）17. —Ken, ________, but your TV is going too loud.
—Oh, I’m sorry. I’ll turn it down right now.
A. I’d like to talk with you B. I’m really tired of this
C. I hate to say this D. I need your help
（09全国2 ）18. —— Do you mind my opening the window It’s a bit hot in here.
—— , as a matter of fact
A. Go ahead B. Yes, my pleasure
C. Yes, I do D. Come on
（09江苏）19.--- Bill, can I get you anything to drink
--- .
A. You are welcome B. No problem
C. I wouldn't mind a coffee D. Doesn’t matter
（08全国I卷）20. —Would you like to join me for a quick lunch before class
—______, but I promised Nancy to go out with her.
A. I’d like to B. I like it C. I don’t D. I will
（08全国I卷）21. —What fruit is in season now
—Grapes and peaches, ______.
A. I know B. I think C. I see D. I feel
（08全国I卷）22. —Sorry, I made a mistake again.
—______. Practice more and you’ll succeed.
A. Never mind B. Certainly not C. Not at all D. Don’t mention it
（08安徽卷）23. -----I have some big news for you. You’ve been accepted as a member of our club.
-----_______ That’s great!
A. Have I B. Pardon C. Congratulations! D. Good idea!
（08安徽卷）24. -----Good evening. Huangshan Hotel.
-----Good evening. ______________
A. Do you still have a room for tonight B. What would you like, please
C. Is there anything I can do for you D. Who is that speaking, please
（08江苏卷）25. —Do you mind if I record your lecture
—______. Go ahead.
A. Never mind B. No way
C. Not at all D. No. You’d better not
（08江苏卷）26. —Is Peter there
—______, please. I’ll see if I can find him for you.
A. Hold up B. Hold on C. Hold out D. Hold off
（08江苏卷）27. —It shouldn’t take long to clear up after the party if we all volunteer to help.
—That’s right. _______________.
A. Many hands make light work B. Something is better than nothing
C. The more the merrier D. The sooner begun, the sooner done
（08山东卷）28. —Say, Jane, will you come with me to the game Friday
—______, Bob, but I promised Mary I’d go with her.
A. My pleasure B. Thanks C. Take it easy D. Forget it
（08江西卷）29. –I think you’d better type this letter again before Mr. Smith see it.
-- Oh, dear! ___________.
A. Who cares B. No problem
C. I don’t mind at all D. Is it as bad as that
（08辽宁卷）30. —Did you have a good time in Thailand last week
— ______, it was too hot.
A. Not really B. Yeah, why not C. Oh, great D. You’re right
（08福建卷）31. – Would you like to join us in the game
–_____, for I have something important to attend to.
A. I will B. I’d love to C. I won’t D. I’m afraid not
（08辽宁卷）32. —My name is Jonathan. Shall I spell it for you
—______.
A. If you don’t mind B. Not at all C. Take it easy D. Nice to meet you
(08全国II)33. –Do you know Anna’s telephone number
-- ____. As a matter of fact, I don’t know any Anna, either.
A. I think so B. I’m afraid not
C. I hope so D. I’d rather not
(08全国II)34. --- Could I ask you a rather personal question
--- Sure, ____.
A. pardon me B. go ahead C. good idea D. forget it
（08陕西卷）35. –The floor is dirty. Can anyone clean it
– _________ . I do it all the time.
A. Don’t mention it. B. Why you C. Not sure D. Not me again.
(08四川卷)36. --- Let’s go for a walk in the garden.
--- _______, but I need to do the washing-up.
A. No, thank you B. That’s right C. Good idea D. Not at all
(08四川卷)37. --- Can you show me Mr. Jaffer’s office, please
--- _____. But I don’t know if he is in at the moment.
A. Thanks B. Go on C. Sure D. You are welcome
（08浙江卷）38. – Are you all right
– ______.
A. That’s OK B. I think so C. Take it easy D. It’s very kind of you
（08浙江卷）39. —Shall we go out for dinner tonight
—______.
A. You are right B. It must be funny
C. That sounds great D. Have a nice time
（08天津卷）40. ---- I just can’t stop worrying about the result of the job interview.
----_____. There’s nothing you can do now but wait.
A. Relax B. Go ahead C. Go for it D. Good luck
（08天津卷）41. ----How much do I owe you for lunch
----______. It’s nothing.
A. You’re welcome B. Forget it C. With pleasure D. That’s right
（08重庆卷）42.—May I ask a question after class, Sir
-- __, but not during my lunch break.
A. I am sorry B. Anytime
C. Certainly D. Go ahead
（08重庆卷）43. – I am afraid I can’t return the book to you before Friday.
-- __.
A. Don’t be afraid B. Be careful C Not at all. D. Take your time
44. —Have you heard the latest news
—No, What ________ [2007 全国卷I]
A. is it B. is there C. are they D. are those
45. —Can you read the sign, sir No smoking allowed in the lift!
—__________________. [2007 全国卷I]
A. Never mind B. Don’t mention it C. Sure, I don’t smoke D. Pardon me
46.—We have booked a room for today and tomorrow.
—____, sir. [2007 全国卷II]
A. I’m sure B. My pleasure C. It’s all right D. I’ll check
47.—I’m sorry to have kept you waiting.
—____, Bill. [2007 全国卷II]
A. You’re welcome B. Go ahead C. Don’t mention it D. No problem
48．—Have you been wasting time on computer games again
— ________ . I’ve been studying a lot and I need a break. [2007 山东卷]
A．No way B．Not really C．I don’t agree D．I couldn’t agree more
49. —Bill, if it doesn't rain, we can go straight on and spend more time in Vienna.
— I just want to hear Mozart. [2007 安徽卷]
A. Well done ! B. No problem. C. That' s great ! D. That' s it.
50．—Was Martin sorry for what he' d done
—___________. It was just like him! [2007 安徽卷]
A. Never mind B. All right C. Not really D. Not surprisingly
51．—Excuse me, do you have the time
— [2007 福建卷]
A.Yes, I do B.Of course, I have C.Aquarter to ten D.No problem
52．—“Could we put off the meeting ” she asked. [2007 江苏卷]
— “_________.” He answered politely. “This is the only day everyone is available.”
A. Not likely B. Not exactly C. Not nearly D. Not really
53. —Will you join us in the game [2007 江西卷]
—Thank you,
A.but why not B.but I’d rather not. C.and I won’t D.and I’ll join.
54. —Could I use your computer for a few moments,please [2007 陕西卷]
— . I’m not using it myself.
A.Come on B.It depends C.Go ahead D.That’s great
55. —Thank you for joining in our conversation tonight．[2007 四川卷]
— _______ .
A．It’s my duty B. It’s all right C．It’s my pleasure D．It’s nice to say so
56. —Dad! Tom's broken a glass!
— ________. Accidents will happen. [2007 四川卷]
A. No way B. Doesn't matter C. No trouble at all D. Don't mention it
57．—Could you turn the TV down a little bit [2007 天津卷]
—________. Is it disturbing you
A. Take it easy. B. I’m sorry. C. Not a bit D. It depends
58．—I apologize for not being able to join you for dinner.
—________. We’ll get together later. [2007 天津卷]
A. Go ahead B. Not to worry C. That’s right D. Don’t mention it
59. —You should apologize to her, Barry.
—______, but it’s not going to be easy. [2007 浙江卷]
A. I suppose so B. I feel so C. I prefer to D. I like to
60．—Now let’s move on to another topic. Do you follow me
—_______, Professor. [2007 重庆卷]
A. No, I am not B. Yes, I will C. No, I haven’t D. Yes, perfectly
61．—I’ve studied growing plants as one of my interests. Could I make some suggestions
— ______. [2007 重庆卷]
A. You will make it B. Go right ahead. C. Don’t mention it D. Take it easy
62．—Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the British Museum
—Sorry, I'm a stranger here.
—_______.[2007 辽宁卷]
A. Thanks anyway B. It doesn't matter C. Never mind D. No problem.
63. —Tony said he could fix my bicycle, but I really doubt it.
—______. He's very good at this sort of thing. [2007 辽宁卷]
A. Don't worry B. I couldn't agree more C. Of course D. A piece of cake
5、非谓语动词的考查
【09四川卷】 ________ many times , he finally understood it.
A. Told B. Telling C. Having told D. Having been told
解析：D.此题考查了非谓语动词中的“ed”形式，本题包含两个考查知识点，一个是语态，即逻辑主语是主动关系还是被动关系。二考了时态，即在语态对的基础上选用一般式还是完成式。这两个考查点其实也是学习好非谓语动词的基本要素。无论是从“ing”形式“inf”（动词不定式）形式，抑或是“ed”形式，语态和时态的考查一直贯穿于其中。可以说，这两大要素是非谓语家族的一个重要纽带。我们来看这道题，从语态上看，很显然，逻辑主语与tell应是被动关系。再看时态，主句的语气可感受到此处是为了强调次数的多，所以用完成式。
【注意】：从语法角度而言，此处用told也是可以的，“ed”形式的非谓语动词一般不强调时态的变化，一般考题中会回避 一般式和完成式的一起考查，但这要根据句意来选择时态。此题having been told 是最佳答案。
【09辽宁卷】 , you need to give all you have and try your best.
A Being a winner B To be a winner C Be a winner D Having been a winner
解析：此题考查了非谓语动词中动词不定时作目的状语的作用。语态上，此题肯定是主动语态，时态上，用一般式，To be a winner 作为目的状语。在动词不定式时态这块主要有三种时态：一般式（与谓语动词几乎同时发生）；完成式（先于谓语动词发生）；进行式（在谓语动词发生时正在进行），所以非谓语动词不定式这块的时态上要多加注意。答案选B
【非谓语动词备考指导】
非谓语动词内容看似庞杂，其实不然。它主要包含三项内容，也就是前面所说的“ing”形式、“ed”形式和“ing”形式。在这三项内容往往是串在一起考查，也会单独考查，由于“ing”形式和“ed”形式表示语态的不同，所以经常放在一起考查学生对语态的把握情况，并作相应的更改来考查时态，【09四川卷】就是这样一个考法。所以我们要明确非谓语动词到底考什么，如何考，这类题如何去答，现讲解如下。
【非谓语动词考点归纳和解题主导思想】
我们说语态和时态这两大要素是非谓语家族的一个重要纽带。考非谓语动词无疑要考查这两块内容。当然，这是建立在分析好非谓语动词在句子中所作成分的基础之上的。所以非谓语动词要把握好，用好，理解好必须明确语态是什么；时态如何选；在句子中充当什么成分这三点，这三点是解好非谓语动词类题的关键。所以，我们解题的主题思想是这样的：第一，迅速判断非谓语动词在句子中的成分；第二，找出逻辑主语，判断语态；第三，在语态准确的基础上，根据题意明确时态。这样问题必然迎刃而解。
【真题演练】
（09安徽）1. The play next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.
A. produced B. being produced
C. to be produced D. having been produced
（09北京）2 For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit _____ on his own farm.
A. grown B. being grown C. to be grown D. to grow K
（09北京）3. The way the guests _____ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service
A. treated B. were treated C. would treat D. would be treated
（09北京）4. All of them try to use the power of the workstation ___ information in a more effective way.
A. presenting B. presented C. being presented D. to present
（09北京）5. ___ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.
A. Being bitten B. Bitten C. Having bitten D. To be bitten
（09福建）6. not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.
A. Reminding B. Reminded C. To remind D. Having reminded
（09福建）7. In April, 2009, President Hu inspected the warships in Qingdao, the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy.
A. marking B. marked C. having marked D. being marked
（09湖南）8．When he the door, he found his keys were nowhere.
A. would open B. opened C. had opened D. was to open
（09湖南）9．At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, in a small apartment near Boston and ______ what to do about his future.
A. living; wondering B. lived; wondering
C. lived; wondered D. living; wondered
（09湖南）10. Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it .
A. reusing B. reused C. reuses D. to be reused
（09湖南）11. Please do me a favor — ______ my friend Mr. Smith to Youth Theater at 7:30 tonight.
A. to invite B. inviting C. invite D. invited
（09江西）12. _________ the right kind of training , these teenage soccer players may one day grew the international stars.
A. Giving B. Having given C. To give D. Given
（09江西）13. The government plans to bring in new laws _____ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.
A. forced B. forcing C. to be forced D. having forced
（09海南）14 The children all turned the famous actress as she entered the classroom.
A. looked at B. to look at
C. to looking at D. look at
(09海南)15. Now that we’ve discussed out problem, are people happy with the decisions
A. taking B. take C. taken D. to take
（09山东）16. We are invited to a party _________in our club next Friday.
A. to be held B. held C. being held D. holding
（09陕西）17。 I still remember to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.
A. to take B. to be taken C. taking D. being taken
（09上海）18. A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, _____all four people on board.
A. killed B. killing C. kills D. to kill
（09上海）19. With the government’s aid, those _____ by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.
A. affect B. affecting C. affected D. were affected
（09上海）20. Bill suggested _____ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.
A. having held B. to hold C. holding D. hold
（09四川）21. Ladies and gentlemen, please remain __________ until the plane has come to a complete stop.
A. seated B. seating C. to seat D. seat
（09上海）22. David threatened his neighbour to the police if the damages were not paid.
A. to be reported B. reporting
C. to report D. having reported
（09四川）23. He told us whether _________ a picnic was still under discussion
A. to have B. having C. have D. had
（09四川）24. ________ many times, he finally understood it.
A. Told B. Telling C. Having told D. Having been told
（09天津）25. ______ the project in time, the staff were working at weekends.
A. Competing B. Having completed C. To have completed D. To complete
（09天津）26. _____ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.
A. Being encouraged B. Encouraging
C. Encouraged D. Having encouraged
（09浙江）27．_______and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.
A. the; a B. Tired C. Tiring D. Being tired
（09浙江）28．There is a great deal of evidence _______ that music activities engage different parts of the brain.
A. indicate B. indicating C. to indicate D. to be indicating
（09重庆）29. Michael’s new house is like a huge palace, ______with his old one.
A. comparing B. compares
C. to compare D. compared
（09重庆）30. With the world changing fast, we have something new with all by ourselves every day.
A. deal B. dealt
C. to deal D. dealing
（09全国2 ）31. They use computers to keep the traffic smoothly.
A. being run B. run C. to run D. running
（09江苏）32. Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, reduce unemployment pressures.
A. help B. to have helped C. to help D. having helped
（09江苏）33.Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school, the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni (校友) from home and abroad.
A. Attend B. To attend C. Attending D. Having attended
（08全国I卷）34. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good ______.
A. to be breathed B. to breathe C. breathing D. being breathed
（08安徽卷）35._______ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.
A. To walk. B. Walking C. Walked D. Having walked
（08福建卷）36. ______ in the queen for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized be had left the cheque in the car.
A. Waiting B. To wait C. Having Waited D. To have waited
（08福建卷）37. – Can those ____ at the back of the classroom hear me
A. seat B. sit C. seated D. sat
（08湖南卷）38. The trees _____ in the storm have been moved off the road.
A. being blown down B. blown down C. blowing down D. to blow down
（08湖南卷）39. _____ the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.
A. Completing B. Complete C. Completed D. To complete
（08江苏卷）40. To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English ______ as much as we can.
A. speak. B. speaking C. spoken D. to speak
（08山东卷）41. Lucy’s new job paid twice as much as she had made ______ in the restaurant.
A. working B. work C. to work D. worked
（08江西卷）42. I hear they’ve promoted Tom, but he didn’t mention _____ when we talked on the phone.
A. to promote B. having been promoted
C. having promoted D. to be promoted
（08江西卷）43. We finished the run in less than half the time ____.
A. allowing B. to allow
C. allowed D. allows
（08辽宁卷）44. He was busy writing a story, only ______ once in a while to smoke a cigarette.
A. to stop B. stopping C. to have stopped D. having stopped
（08陕西卷）45. _________ around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Bird’s Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games.
A. Having shown B. To be shown C. Having been shown D. To show
(08四川卷)46. We had an anxious couple of weeks _____ for the results of the experiment.
A. wait B. to be waiting C. waited D. waiting
（08浙江卷）47. ______that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest.
A. Not realized B. Not to realize C. Not realizing D. Not to have realized
（08浙江卷）48. It is one of the funniest things ______ on the Internet so far this year.
A. finding B. being found C. to find D. found
（08北京卷）49. ______ that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she’d like that little doll on her bed.
A. Seeing B. To see
C. See D. Seen
（08北京卷）50. –Did the book give the information you needed
–Yes. But _____ it, I had to read the entire book.
A. to find B. find C. to finding D. finding
（08北京卷）51. I feel greatly honored ____ into their society.
A. to welcome B. welcoming
C. to be welcomed D. welcomed
（08天津卷）52. _____ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.
A. To throw B. Thrown C. Throwing D. Being thrown
（08重庆卷）53. __ to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead.
A. Fail B. Failed
C. To fail D. Having failed
(08上海卷)54. My sister, an inexperienced rider, was found sitting on the bicycle ___ to balance it.
A. having tried B. trying C. to try D. tried
(08上海卷)55. If there is a lot of work ___, I'm happy to just keep on until it is finished.
A. to do B. to be doing C. done D. doing
(08上海卷)56. Something as simple as ___ some cold water may clear your mind and relive pressure.
A. to drink B. drinking C. to be drinking D. drunk
(08上海卷)57. Ideally ___ for Broadway theatre and Fifth Avenue, the New York Park hotel is a favourite with many guests.
A. locating B. being located C. having been located D. located
58. —It’s a long time since I saw my sister.
—_______________ her this weekend [2007 全国卷I]
A. Why not visit B. why not to visit C. Why not visiting D. Why don’t visit
59. —The last one __________________ pays the meal.
—Agreed! [2007 全国卷I]
A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving
60. I smell something __________ in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute [2007 全国卷I]
A. burning B. burnt C. being burnt D. to be burnt
61. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks ____ could be heard outside the classroom. [2007 全国卷II]
A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closed C. being opened and closed D. to open and close
62. After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother’s voice ______ him. [2007 上海卷]
A. calling B. called C. being called D. to call
63. There is nothing more I can try ______ you to stay, so I wish you good luck. [2007 上海卷]
A. being persuaded B. persuading C. to be persuaded D. to persuade
64. The Town Hall ______ in the 1800’s was the most distinguished building at that time. [2007 上海卷]
A. to be completed B. having been completed C. completed D. being completed
65. The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent ________at the end of last March. [2007 山东卷]
A．has been launched B．having been launched C．being launched D．to be launched
66. Please remain _________ until the plane has come to a complete stop. [2007 山东卷]
A．to seal B．to be seated C．seating D．seated
67. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ________, he gladly accepted it. [2007 安徽卷]
A. finished B. finishing C. having finished D. was finished
68. —Robert is indeed a wise man.
—Oh, yes. How often I have regretted ______ his advice! [2007 安徽卷]
A. to take B. taking C. not to take D. not taking
69. —Excuse me sir,where is Room 301
—Just a minute.I’ll have Bob ____you to your room. [2007 北京卷]
A.show B.shows C. to show D. showing
70. He is a student at Oxford University, __________ for a degree in computer science. [2007 北京卷]
A. studied B. studying C. to have studied D. to be studying
71. Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English in a short period. [2007 福建卷]
A.improved B.improving C.to improve D.improve
72. —Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.
—Sorry. With so much work my mind, I almost break down. [2007 福建卷]
A.filled B.filling C.to fill D.being filled
73. As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not _________, and asked myself what I was going to do. [2007 湖南卷]
A. moved B moving C. to move D. being moved
74. “Things _________ never come again!” I couldn’t help talking to myself. [2007 湖南卷]
A. lost B. losing C. to lose D. have lost
75. —Can I smoke here
—Sorry. We don’t allow ______ here. [2007 江苏卷]
A. people smoking B. people smoke C. to smoke D. smoking
76. My parents have always made me ______ about myself, even when I was twelve. [2007 江苏卷]
A. feeling well B. feeling good C. feel well D. feel good
77. He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them ______ in his lectures. [2007 江苏卷]
A. interested B. interesting C. interest D. to interest
78. When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there for a space flight. [2007 江西卷]
A.training B.being trained C.to have trained D.to be trained
79. that she didn’t do a good job, I don’t think I am abler than her. [2007 陕西卷]
A.To have said B.Having said C.To say D.Saying
80. All the staff {n our company are considering to the city centre for the fashion show. [2007 上海春]
A．to go B．going C．to have gone D．having gone
81. the safety of gas, the government has checked the city’s gas supply system thoroughly. [2007 上海春]
A．To ensure B．Ensuring C．Having ensured. D．To have ensured
82. She wants her paintings in the gallery, but we don t think they would be very popular. [2007 上海春]
A．display B．to display C．displaying D．displayed
83. Peter received a letter just now ________ his grandma would come to see him soon. [2007 四川卷]
A．said B．says C．saying D．to say
84. The flowers his friend gave him will die unless ________ every day. [2007 四川卷]
A. watered B. watering C. water D. to water
85. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, ________ in the natural light during the day. [2007 天津卷]
A. to let B. letting C. let D. having let
86. The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ______.[2007 浙江卷]
A. to be heard B. to have heard C. hearing D. being heard
87. ______ by a greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more green houses. [2007 浙江卷]
A. Driven B. Being driven C. To drive D. Having driven
88. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons _______ for the day. [2007 重庆卷]
A. finishing B. finished C. had finished D. were finished
89 The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported ______ the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race. [2007 辽宁卷]
A. breaking B. having broken C. to have broken D. break
90. You can't imagine what difficulty we had ______ home in the snowstorm. [2007 辽宁卷]
A. walked B. walk C. to walk D. walking
6、情态动词与虚拟语气的综合考查
【09福建卷】But for the help of my English teacher, I the first prize in the English Writing Competition.
A. would not win B. would not have won C. would win D. would have won
解析：这类虚拟语气考的比较基础，but for 是解题的关键，我们知道虚拟语气里主要有三类虚拟，此处是对过去的一种虚拟，应该用would +have done形式。根据句意，我们知道此处应该用 would not have won 表示对过去的虚拟。所以选B.
现在虚拟语气的考查时难时简单，考简单的就像【09福建卷】很明显。考难一点，命题人会出错综条件句考查虚拟语气的综合运用能力。但是学好三类基本的虚拟是理解错综条件句考法的基础。现总结如下：
【虚拟语气三类盘点】
1、虚拟种类
①对现在的虚拟：主要使用一般过去时来体现虚拟，具体虚拟方法是：主句和从句的谓语动词都用虚拟。例如，I would come too if I had time to spare.(事实上是匀不出时间 ）所以，这类的虚拟条件句用动词过去式，主句采用would\should\could+动词原形
②对将来的虚拟：与对现在虚拟有些相似之处，主句采用should\would\could\+动词原型，虚拟条件句采用动词过去式或者should\were to+动词原形。例如，If the parents could farm the land themselves, food production would be much higher.
③对过去的虚拟；虚拟条件句采用had +过去分词；主句采用should\would\could\+have+过去分词。例如，If the hurricane had happened during the daytime, there would been more death.(注意：这里不是would have been,要灵活运用)
我们还需要注意的是有些虚拟语气中所陈述的一件事是事实，在这个事实里我们不能运用虚拟语气。
所以，虚