主谓一致考点聚焦.
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课件33张PPT。主谓一致考点聚焦主谓一致通常依据三项原则：
1）语法一致； 2）意义一致； 3）就近一致。
【语法一致原则】
以“and ”或“both… and”连接的并列主语,通常作复数用 。
①Plastics and rubber never rot .
②What he says and what he does do not agree.
③Both Tom and I are fond of medicine .
2. 如果并列主语指的是“同一个”人（事、物、抽象概念），作单数用,且and后面的名词没有冠词.
①The worker and writer has come . 。
②A cart and horse was seen in the distance .
③Truth and honesty is the best policy . 3.“and”前、后的单数词语都有“each,every , no”等修饰时，仍作单数用。
①Every boy and every girl enjoys equal rights here.
②No teacher and no student is excused from taking part in the activity
4. 主语后接“with…”等构成的短语修饰成分时：
谓语仍须与这类短语前的“主语”一致。可构成这类短语的常用词有“with ,along with,together with ,as well as , but , besides , except ,added to , including , like ,no less than , rather than , more than ”等。 ①A woman with two children has come .
②I as well as they am ready to help you . 5. one of + 复数名词+ 定语从句
1）定语从句的先行词通常是这个“复数名词”，因此从句的谓语用复数形式。
①This is one of the best novels that have appeared this year .
②He was one of the boys who were praised . 2）若“one”前加“the only ”等时，定语从句的关系词指代one，作从句主语时，接单数谓语。
He was the only one of the boys who was praised .6. “a / an + 单名+ and a half”, “one and a half +复名” 常接单数谓语；
①A year and a half has passed .
②One and a half bananas is left on the desk.7.不定代词
"each ,one ,much,(a)little ,either ,neither ,another ,the other(+单名)“等常作单数用。它们所修饰的主语也作单数。
①Each of the girls (Each girl) has a new hat .
②Neither plan suits me .
③Neither of the plans suits / suit me .
8.下列复合不定代词一般作单数用：
someone ,somebody ,something ,anybody ,anyone ,anything ,everybody ,everyone ,everything ,nobody ,no one ,nothing 等。
①Is everybody here ?
②There was nothing special then. 9.各类从句,非谓语作主语时, 大多作单数用。
1. What he says doesn't agree with
what he does .
2. Collecting stamps is his hobby. 10. Clothes, glasses, trousers, shoes, chopsticks作主语时, 大多作复数用,但前有a kind of, a pair of, a series of 等词修饰时,作单数用。
A pair of shoes was on the desk.
12. 主语有more than one…或 many a…构成,谓语用单数.
More than one student has read the book.
Many a girl has been there.11. 在定语从句中,who, that, which 引导的从句,爆谓语应和先行词保持一致.
Do you know the boys who are over there?
The boy who is over there is my cousin.
13. This kind of book= a book of this kind,谓语用单数, this kind of men= men of this kind= these kind of men, this kind of men,谓语用单数, men of this kind, these kind of men谓语用复数,
This kind of men is dangerous.
Men of this kind are dangerous.
【意义一致原则】1.集合名词作主语时：
1. 有些通常作复数用（不变词形）。如：“people , police , cattle (牛，牲口)，folk , youth , militia (民兵)”，等。
The police have caught the murderer .
2. 有些指“整体”时作单数，指其中的“成员”时作复数（不变词形）。如
“army ,audience,class ,club,class, enemy, group, population, party, company, government, team. Crowd, family, crew,staff, union , public等.
①Our family is a happy one .
②The family are early risers .
3.表“时间、距离、金额、度量衡”等的词语，作“整体”看时作单数用，侧重指“若干单位”时作复数用。 ①Twenty years is not a long time .
②Twenty years have passed since he left . 4.表示“运算”的数词通常作单数 , 也作复数用。
Ten times four makes(make) forty .5. “the + 形容词/分词”作主语时,指“一类”人或事物时，常用作复数用。
①The English speak English. 英国人讲英语。 The wounded have been taken to the hospital. 6. “分数、百分数”通常依其“具体所指”来决定单、复数。
①About 40 percent / two-fifths of the books here are worth reading .
②Only sixty percent / three-fifths of the work was done yesterday
但是，“the number(数目)/ the variety(种类)”+ of + 复数名词，作单数。
①The number of students in this college has doubled .
②The variety of goods in this shop is rich .
7. "a number of (许多)/ a variety of (各式各样) "+复数名词，常作复数用。
①A number of students in this class are from Sichuan .
②There are a variety of toys in this shop.
但是，“the number(数目)/ the variety(种类)”+ of + 复数名词，作单数。
①The number of students in this college has doubled .
②The variety of goods in this shop is rich .
8.单、复数同形的词作主语时
1.以“-ics”结尾的学科名词：指教育、科研的某一学科，作单数。
Mathematics seems easy to me
2. “works工厂，means方法，series系列，species物种，aircraft飞机”等名词单、复数同形，要从上下文判断其具体意义来决定单、复数。
①This works was(These works were)built two years ago .
②Every means has (All means have) been tried .
这类名词通常还有“fish ,deer ,sheep , plastics, manners(礼貌) 等。（但news（消息）是不可数名词，通常只作单数用。）
8.专用名词作主语时：
1.“书名、剧名、报刊名、国家名”等通常作单数用。
①The United States was founded in 1776.
②The Arabian Nights is very interesting .
2.“书刊名”有时作单数或复数两可，尤其是编成集 子的书。
Dickens‘ American Notes were (was) published in 1842 .
【就近一致原则 】 1.由下列词语连接的并列主语：“or ; either …or; neither…nor；whether…or；not…but; not only…but also” ; 等。
①What he does or what he says does not concern me .
②Neither you nor I am wrong .
③Not you but your father is to blame .
④Not only you but(also) he is wrong .2. 在倒装句中：谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。
①In the distance were a crowd of people and a bus.3.在 there be..句型中:
There is a book and two pens on the desk.主谓一致精练与解析1.More than one person here ____ with the disease.
A. has been infected B. have been infected
C. has been infecting D. have been infecting●由more than one 修饰单数名词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数又如：More than one man was injured in the accident.
More than one house has been repaired.2. One or perhaps more pages _____ missing.
A. is B. are C. has been D. have been●由or连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与靠近它的主语一致。
又如：Are you or he to drive ?
Was she or you there ?3.An expert, together with some assistants, ____ to help in this
work.
A. was sent B. were sent C. is sending D. are sending●由 with，together with，along with，rather than，no less than ，but， besides，except等连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与前一个相一致。又如：Nobody but John and Helen was absent.
I, rather than you, am responsible for the accident.4.The police ____ the black in winter.
A. wears B. wear C. put on D. puts on●英语中，一些表示总称意义的名词，如：police，people，cattle等作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。又如：Some people spend a lot of money on clothes.
Cattle are raised everywhere by the farmers.5.The number of students that you have met ____ the life of the team.
A. are B. is C. were D. be●the number of＋复数名词作主语时，谓语用单数。a number
of＋复数名词作主语时，谓语用复数。
又如：The number of cars is increasing in Beijing.
A number of books have been published on this subject.6. To get up early and to go to sleep early ____ good for your health.
A. is B. are C. was D. were●由and连接两个名词，包括两个不定式、两个动名词作主语，若指同一件事或一个概念事，谓语动词用单数形式。又如：Whether to go on or return is not known.
Time and tide waits for no man.7. More students than one _______.
A. were punished B. is punished
C. was punished D. will punishMore ＋复数名词 ＋than one ＋和 more than one ＋单数名词的意义相同，均表示“不只一个”，但前者用作复数，后者用作单数。又如：More students than one were punished.
＝More than one student was punished.8. What they need _____ more people.
A. is B. are C. has D. have● 名词从句作主语时，通常表示单数概念，谓语动词常用单数，但所指内容是复数意义时，谓语动词用复数。本句从表语more people 可以得知主语what we need指复数内容。 又如：What we need is more time.
What he needs are books.
What he says and what he does do not agree. ●1. On the wall ___ two large portraits. A.hangs B.hang C.hanged D.hanging
2.Nobody but Jane ___ the secret.
A.know B.knows C.have known D.is known
3.All but one ___ here just now.
A.is B.was C.has been D.were
4.The number of people invited ___ fifty, but a number of them ___ absent for different reasons. A.were;was B.was; was C.was ;were D.were; were
5.E-mail, as well as telephone, ___ an important part in daily communication.
A.is playing B.have played C.are playing D.play
6. A library with five thousand books____to the nation as a gift.
A. is offered B. has offered
C. are offered D. have offered
7.When and where to build the new factory ___ yet.
A. is not decided B.are not decided
C. has not decided D. have not decided
8.Neither my wife nor I myself ____ able to persuade my daughter to change her mind．
A．is B．are C．am D．b 9. Not the teacher，but the students ___ looking forward to seeing the film．
A．is B．are C．am D．be
10. Nobody but Betty and Mary ____ late for class yesterday．
A. was B. were C. has been D. have been
11. No one except my parents ____ anything about this.
A know B knows C is know D are known
12. The teacher as well as the students ____ the book already.
A．has read B．have read
C．are reading D．is reading
13. ____ of the land in that district ____ covered with trees and grass.
A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are
C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; are
14. All but one ____ in the accident．
A．was killed B．were killed
C．will be killed D．are killed
15.The population in China _____ very large, and eighty percent of the population in China _______ farmers.
A. are ; are B. is; is C. are; is D. is; are
16. Your trousers ____ torn. Here ____ a new pairs of shoes
is ; is B. are ; are C. are; is D. is; are
17.Politics ________ as difficult as physics.
A. were B. are C. is D have
18.No news _______ good news
A. is B. are C. were D have been
19.The rest of the story _____ no telling. Half of the boys ____ no interest in it．
A. need ; was B. needs; have
C. needs ; has D need; have
20. He or she ______ wrong. He or his brothers ______ to blame
A. is , are B. are , is C. am , are D. am, is
21. I, as well as they _______ ready to help
A. are B. is C. was D. am
22. There ______ a knife and fork on the table.
A. were B. are C is D have been
23.The red and the white rose _____ both beautiful.
A. were B. are C is D have been
24.The red and white rose _______ beautiful, too
A. were B. are C is D have been
Bye
1）语法一致； 2）意义一致； 3）就近一致。
【语法一致原则】
以“and ”或“both… and”连接的并列主语,通常作复数用 。
①Plastics and rubber never rot .
②What he says and what he does do not agree.
③Both Tom and I are fond of medicine .
2. 如果并列主语指的是“同一个”人（事、物、抽象概念），作单数用,且and后面的名词没有冠词.
①The worker and writer has come . 。
②A cart and horse was seen in the distance .
③Truth and honesty is the best policy . 3.“and”前、后的单数词语都有“each,every , no”等修饰时，仍作单数用。
①Every boy and every girl enjoys equal rights here.
②No teacher and no student is excused from taking part in the activity
4. 主语后接“with…”等构成的短语修饰成分时：
谓语仍须与这类短语前的“主语”一致。可构成这类短语的常用词有“with ,along with,together with ,as well as , but , besides , except ,added to , including , like ,no less than , rather than , more than ”等。 ①A woman with two children has come .
②I as well as they am ready to help you . 5. one of + 复数名词+ 定语从句
1）定语从句的先行词通常是这个“复数名词”，因此从句的谓语用复数形式。
①This is one of the best novels that have appeared this year .
②He was one of the boys who were praised . 2）若“one”前加“the only ”等时，定语从句的关系词指代one，作从句主语时，接单数谓语。
He was the only one of the boys who was praised .6. “a / an + 单名+ and a half”, “one and a half +复名” 常接单数谓语；
①A year and a half has passed .
②One and a half bananas is left on the desk.7.不定代词
"each ,one ,much,(a)little ,either ,neither ,another ,the other(+单名)“等常作单数用。它们所修饰的主语也作单数。
①Each of the girls (Each girl) has a new hat .
②Neither plan suits me .
③Neither of the plans suits / suit me .
8.下列复合不定代词一般作单数用：
someone ,somebody ,something ,anybody ,anyone ,anything ,everybody ,everyone ,everything ,nobody ,no one ,nothing 等。
①Is everybody here ?
②There was nothing special then. 9.各类从句,非谓语作主语时, 大多作单数用。
1. What he says doesn't agree with
what he does .
2. Collecting stamps is his hobby. 10. Clothes, glasses, trousers, shoes, chopsticks作主语时, 大多作复数用,但前有a kind of, a pair of, a series of 等词修饰时,作单数用。
A pair of shoes was on the desk.
12. 主语有more than one…或 many a…构成,谓语用单数.
More than one student has read the book.
Many a girl has been there.11. 在定语从句中,who, that, which 引导的从句,爆谓语应和先行词保持一致.
Do you know the boys who are over there?
The boy who is over there is my cousin.
13. This kind of book= a book of this kind,谓语用单数, this kind of men= men of this kind= these kind of men, this kind of men,谓语用单数, men of this kind, these kind of men谓语用复数,
This kind of men is dangerous.
Men of this kind are dangerous.
【意义一致原则】1.集合名词作主语时：
1. 有些通常作复数用（不变词形）。如：“people , police , cattle (牛，牲口)，folk , youth , militia (民兵)”，等。
The police have caught the murderer .
2. 有些指“整体”时作单数，指其中的“成员”时作复数（不变词形）。如
“army ,audience,class ,club,class, enemy, group, population, party, company, government, team. Crowd, family, crew,staff, union , public等.
①Our family is a happy one .
②The family are early risers .
3.表“时间、距离、金额、度量衡”等的词语，作“整体”看时作单数用，侧重指“若干单位”时作复数用。 ①Twenty years is not a long time .
②Twenty years have passed since he left . 4.表示“运算”的数词通常作单数 , 也作复数用。
Ten times four makes(make) forty .5. “the + 形容词/分词”作主语时,指“一类”人或事物时，常用作复数用。
①The English speak English. 英国人讲英语。 The wounded have been taken to the hospital. 6. “分数、百分数”通常依其“具体所指”来决定单、复数。
①About 40 percent / two-fifths of the books here are worth reading .
②Only sixty percent / three-fifths of the work was done yesterday
但是，“the number(数目)/ the variety(种类)”+ of + 复数名词，作单数。
①The number of students in this college has doubled .
②The variety of goods in this shop is rich .
7. "a number of (许多)/ a variety of (各式各样) "+复数名词，常作复数用。
①A number of students in this class are from Sichuan .
②There are a variety of toys in this shop.
但是，“the number(数目)/ the variety(种类)”+ of + 复数名词，作单数。
①The number of students in this college has doubled .
②The variety of goods in this shop is rich .
8.单、复数同形的词作主语时
1.以“-ics”结尾的学科名词：指教育、科研的某一学科，作单数。
Mathematics seems easy to me
2. “works工厂，means方法，series系列，species物种，aircraft飞机”等名词单、复数同形，要从上下文判断其具体意义来决定单、复数。
①This works was(These works were)built two years ago .
②Every means has (All means have) been tried .
这类名词通常还有“fish ,deer ,sheep , plastics, manners(礼貌) 等。（但news（消息）是不可数名词，通常只作单数用。）
8.专用名词作主语时：
1.“书名、剧名、报刊名、国家名”等通常作单数用。
①The United States was founded in 1776.
②The Arabian Nights is very interesting .
2.“书刊名”有时作单数或复数两可，尤其是编成集 子的书。
Dickens‘ American Notes were (was) published in 1842 .
【就近一致原则 】 1.由下列词语连接的并列主语：“or ; either …or; neither…nor；whether…or；not…but; not only…but also” ; 等。
①What he does or what he says does not concern me .
②Neither you nor I am wrong .
③Not you but your father is to blame .
④Not only you but(also) he is wrong .2. 在倒装句中：谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。
①In the distance were a crowd of people and a bus.3.在 there be..句型中:
There is a book and two pens on the desk.主谓一致精练与解析1.More than one person here ____ with the disease.
A. has been infected B. have been infected
C. has been infecting D. have been infecting●由more than one 修饰单数名词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数又如：More than one man was injured in the accident.
More than one house has been repaired.2. One or perhaps more pages _____ missing.
A. is B. are C. has been D. have been●由or连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与靠近它的主语一致。
又如：Are you or he to drive ?
Was she or you there ?3.An expert, together with some assistants, ____ to help in this
work.
A. was sent B. were sent C. is sending D. are sending●由 with，together with，along with，rather than，no less than ，but， besides，except等连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与前一个相一致。又如：Nobody but John and Helen was absent.
I, rather than you, am responsible for the accident.4.The police ____ the black in winter.
A. wears B. wear C. put on D. puts on●英语中，一些表示总称意义的名词，如：police，people，cattle等作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。又如：Some people spend a lot of money on clothes.
Cattle are raised everywhere by the farmers.5.The number of students that you have met ____ the life of the team.
A. are B. is C. were D. be●the number of＋复数名词作主语时，谓语用单数。a number
of＋复数名词作主语时，谓语用复数。
又如：The number of cars is increasing in Beijing.
A number of books have been published on this subject.6. To get up early and to go to sleep early ____ good for your health.
A. is B. are C. was D. were●由and连接两个名词，包括两个不定式、两个动名词作主语，若指同一件事或一个概念事，谓语动词用单数形式。又如：Whether to go on or return is not known.
Time and tide waits for no man.7. More students than one _______.
A. were punished B. is punished
C. was punished D. will punishMore ＋复数名词 ＋than one ＋和 more than one ＋单数名词的意义相同，均表示“不只一个”，但前者用作复数，后者用作单数。又如：More students than one were punished.
＝More than one student was punished.8. What they need _____ more people.
A. is B. are C. has D. have● 名词从句作主语时，通常表示单数概念，谓语动词常用单数，但所指内容是复数意义时，谓语动词用复数。本句从表语more people 可以得知主语what we need指复数内容。 又如：What we need is more time.
What he needs are books.
What he says and what he does do not agree. ●1. On the wall ___ two large portraits. A.hangs B.hang C.hanged D.hanging
2.Nobody but Jane ___ the secret.
A.know B.knows C.have known D.is known
3.All but one ___ here just now.
A.is B.was C.has been D.were
4.The number of people invited ___ fifty, but a number of them ___ absent for different reasons. A.were;was B.was; was C.was ;were D.were; were
5.E-mail, as well as telephone, ___ an important part in daily communication.
A.is playing B.have played C.are playing D.play
6. A library with five thousand books____to the nation as a gift.
A. is offered B. has offered
C. are offered D. have offered
7.When and where to build the new factory ___ yet.
A. is not decided B.are not decided
C. has not decided D. have not decided
8.Neither my wife nor I myself ____ able to persuade my daughter to change her mind．
A．is B．are C．am D．b 9. Not the teacher，but the students ___ looking forward to seeing the film．
A．is B．are C．am D．be
10. Nobody but Betty and Mary ____ late for class yesterday．
A. was B. were C. has been D. have been
11. No one except my parents ____ anything about this.
A know B knows C is know D are known
12. The teacher as well as the students ____ the book already.
A．has read B．have read
C．are reading D．is reading
13. ____ of the land in that district ____ covered with trees and grass.
A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are
C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; are
14. All but one ____ in the accident．
A．was killed B．were killed
C．will be killed D．are killed
15.The population in China _____ very large, and eighty percent of the population in China _______ farmers.
A. are ; are B. is; is C. are; is D. is; are
16. Your trousers ____ torn. Here ____ a new pairs of shoes
is ; is B. are ; are C. are; is D. is; are
17.Politics ________ as difficult as physics.
A. were B. are C. is D have
18.No news _______ good news
A. is B. are C. were D have been
19.The rest of the story _____ no telling. Half of the boys ____ no interest in it．
A. need ; was B. needs; have
C. needs ; has D need; have
20. He or she ______ wrong. He or his brothers ______ to blame
A. is , are B. are , is C. am , are D. am, is
21. I, as well as they _______ ready to help
A. are B. is C. was D. am
22. There ______ a knife and fork on the table.
A. were B. are C is D have been
23.The red and the white rose _____ both beautiful.
A. were B. are C is D have been
24.The red and white rose _______ beautiful, too
A. were B. are C is D have been
Bye
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