名词性从句 定语从句和状语从句复习课件

课件65张PPT。GrammarNoun ClausesNoun ClausesSubject
Object
Predicative
Appositive Clause
1.You know that I am a teacher of English.
2. That I am a teacher of English is known to you all .
3. It is known to you all that I am a teacher of English.
4. The fact that I am a teacher of English is known to
you all.
5. I am worried about whether you can do well in the exam.
6. What I am worried about is whether you can do well in
the exam.
that I am a teacher of English
That I am a teacher of English
that I am a teacher of English
whether you can do well in
the exam.
Object ClauseSubject ClauseSubject Clause Predicative ClauseAppositive Clause that I am a teacher of English
whether you can do well in the exam.Object ClauseFind the clauses and tell the fun_ction of them:Subject ClauseWhat I am worried aboutThe Subject Clause:
1.Whether it is true remains a problem.
2.That she was chosen made us very happy.
3.What I can do is to tell you the truth.
4.How the book will sell depends on its author.
5.Whoever told you that was lying.
6.It was obvious that the driver couldn’t control his car.Questions:1.Can we use “if” instead of “whether”?
2. What’s the difference between “that” and “what”?
3.When the Subject Clause is too long, what should we do?
4.Can the conjunction “that” be left out in the Subject
Clause? The Object Clause:
1.They thought that the question was too difficult.
2.I’m certain that he will get there in time.
3.She has made it clear that she does an important job.
4. I’ll do whatever you ask me to.
5.Do you know whether he’ll come or not?
6. Do you know if/whether any decision has been arrived
at?
Questions:1. Can the conjunction “that” be left out in the Object
Clause?
2.Can we use “if” instead of “whether” in the fifth
sentence?The Predicative Clause:1.It looks as if it were going to rain.
2.That is why he failed the exam.
3. Lishui is not what it used to be.
4. The reason for his absence was that he was ill.
5. What she wants to know is which book she should buy.
6. The question is whether we should accept his invitation.
1. Can we use “because” in place of “that” in the
fourth sentence
2. Can we use “if” instead of “whether” in the sixth
sentenceThe Appositive Clause:
1.I have no idea when he will arrive.
2.Word has come from the capital that President
Hu Jingtao will come to visit our school .
3.The suggestion that we should follow his advice
was accepted at last.
Besides “idea, word,suggestion”, can you list more words?
The news which they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.The news that our football team won excited us.
The news that we got excited us.that our football team won excited us.
that we gotAppositive ClauseAttributive Clause“that” 在同位语从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用,一般不可省略。
在定语从句中充当主语或宾语，做宾语时可以省略。
Identify the type of clause in the following sentences
Conjunctions of Noun Clauses:what, whatever, who, whoever,
whom, whose, whichthat, whether, if, as if(as though)when, where, how, why
（状语）(主语、宾语）Tell whether the following clauses are right:1.That she wants to know is which dress she should buy.
2.He will give up his job surprises all of us.
3. No matter who breaks the law will be punished.
4.If the meeting will be held in our school is not known yet.
5.He is said that he has accepted the invitation.
What …That …Whoever…Whether… It…Tell whether the following clauses are right:
6.The reason why he was late was because his bike broke
down halfway.
7.I don’t doubt whether/if he will come soon.
8. He told me the news which was very exciting.
9.After that seemed a long time, he came back to life.
10.He told me the news if our team won the match.
that…that … √ what… that…Choose the best answers:
1. [1989] These photographs will show you .
A. what does our village look like
B. what our village looks like
C. how does our village look like
D. how our village looks like
2. [1992]Word has come some American
guests will come for a visit to our school next week.
what B. that C. whether D. when
3. [2004全国卷I] I like ____ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.
A. this B. that C. it D. one 4. [1995] is a fact that English is being
accepted as an international language
A.There B. This C. That D. It
5. [1996] we can’t get seems better
than we have.
6. [1999]— I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
— Is that you had a few days off?
A. why B. when C. what D. where
7. [04湖南卷]I think Father would like to know_____I’ve
been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note.
A. which B. why C. what D. how
What , what B. What, that
C. That ,that D. That , what 8.[2001] A computer can only do _____ you have instructed it to do.
A. how B. after C. what D. when
9.[2004全国卷I]You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ______ I disagree.
10. [2005浙江卷]Danby left word with my secretary ______ he would call again in the afternoon.
A. who B. that C. as D. which
11. [04天津卷]A modern city has been set up in_____ was
a wasteland ten years ago.
A. what B. which C. that D. where
12. [04上海卷] After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth,_____our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.
A. where B. what C. that D. how
why B. where C. what D. howComplete the following sentences:
1._____________________(毫无疑问)the prices of cars will go down.
2.The idea______________________________________
(电脑能识别人的声音) surprises many people.
3.I have no idea ______________________ (该选哪一个).
4.The problem_____________________________ (我们是否做这个实验)has been solved.
5.The question___________________(谁将出国) needs considering.There is no doubt thatthat computers can recognize human voiceswhich one I should choosewhether we will do the experimentwho will go abroadComplete the following sentences(page 119):
S1:Professor, I want to know
（50年后我们的日常生活会是什么样）
S2:Dr Smart, my question is
(全球变暖对地球会有什么影响).
S3:Professor, can you predict
(污染能否被制止住)
S4:Dr Smart,I want to know
(将来我们会不会有足够的食物供养不断增长的人口) what our daily life will be like after 50 years. what effects global warming will have on us. whether pollution will ever
be stopped? whether we will have enough
food to feed the growing population. Complete the following sentences(page 119):
S5:Professor Smart, my question is

（太空航行什么时候能变得既简便又便宜）
S6: Professor, who will win the debate on
(是否应该允许克隆人类)
S7: Dr Smart, I would like to know
(会不会有更多无法治愈的疾病)
S8: Professor, what is your prediction about
(地球什么时候死亡) when space travel will become easy and inexpensive. whether human
cloning should be allowed? whether there will be more incurable diseases. when the
earth will die? Practice2:Join two sentences into an Appositive Clause.
1.The fact that two thirds of all girls in Britain are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot.
2.We heard the news last night that the British Prime
Minister was on a three-day visit in China.
3. The view that teenagers shouldn’t spend too much time
online is shared by many British parents.
4. There is no scientific proof for the idea that mobile
phones stop teenagers from spending money on dresses
on cigarettes.
5. The suggestion that Chinese students should be given
more free time to themselves is welcomed by many people,
especially kids in school.
Language Revision
consist of

make the most of
have an influence on
be of great value
on the basis of
be made up of
make full use of
have an effect on
be valuable
be based onMaking sentences according to the situation:Your class has 9 girls and 48 boys. (consist of) The class only lasts 40 minutes (make the most of)You talked with him and was inspired.
( have an influence on)The advice she gave you on learning was important.
(be of+n)The TV play is about wars. (on the basis of)Sentences analysisThe idea that England stands for Fish &Chips, Speakers’ Corner and the Tower of London is past.Appositive ClauseThe fact that Great Britain is made up of three countries
is still unknown to many.The result of so much French influence was that the English language ended up with many French words such as table…Predicative
ClauseThat most of these are now threatened and may disappear
is a serious matter to the people in Britain.Subject
ClauseThey realise that it is of great value to record and teach them to the younger generation.Object ClauseSome people feel that Wales is an ancient fairy land.Practice 1:The news that the plane would take off on time made everybody happy.
The news that is spreading around the airport is that a heavy storm is coming.that the plane would take off on timethat is spreading around the airportthat a heavy storm is coming.
Appositive ClauseAttributive ClausePredicative
ClauseThe suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.
The suggestion that they are considering is
that students should learn something practical. that students should learn something
practicalthat they are consideringthat students should learn something practical.
Appositive ClauseAttributive ClausePredicative
Clause
1.John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.
2. It is very important that we learn English well .
3. The problem is that he often tells lies.
4. I will tell her as soon as she comes.
5. The birthday present that he gave me was a car.
6. That the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is known to all.
that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.
that we learn English well
that he often tells lies.
That the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing
Object ClauseSubject ClausePredicative ClauseSubject ClauseAdverbial Clauseas soon as she comes.
that he gave meAttributive ClauseCan you tell the fun_ction of the following clauses:定语从句一、引导定语从句的关系词指代人 who，whom，that
指代事物 which，that
所属关系 whose，of which
指地点 where
指时间 when
指原因 why二、关系代词that和which在很多情况下可以互换，但下列情况只用that。All ______ can be done has been done.
Do you have anything ________ you don’t understand ?
There is little _______ can be believed about it .
The book doesn’t say much ________ amuses children.that thatthat that先行词是all ,everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代词，引导定语从句用that 。(something有时可用 which)Hamburg is the most beautiful city _______I’ve ever seen.
This is the best TV _______ is made in China.
The first museum _______ he visited in China was the History Museum. thatthatthat先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that 。I’ve read all the books ________ you lent me.
No sample ________ we nave received is satisfactory.
Please send us any information ________ you have about the subject.
He is the only person _________ was present at the time. that that that that先行词被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last修饰时，引导定语从句用that 。The famous writer and his works _________ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students.
A victim is a person,animal or thing ________ suffers pain,death,harm,etc. thatthat先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that .Who _______ you have ever seen can do it better ?
Who _______ you are talking to is the young fellow ? that thatWho做先行词时，引导定语从句用that 。Well done !三、不用that，而用which，who，whom的情况He made the same mistakes again ,_____ made his parents very angry.
Yesterday I bought a dictionary,_______ cost me more than 100 yuan .
Mr Smith,_______ gave a talk several months ago,will come again.
My uncle has come back from abroad,________ I haven’t met for along time.whichwhichwhowhom在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用which，指人用who或whom。
Her bag ,in ________ she put all her money,has been stolen.
This is the ring on ________ she spent 1000 dollars.
Xiao Wang, with ________ I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.
whichwhichwhom在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom。 注意：如何判断介词The girl _____ which he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.
He is the man _____ whom I think you can depend .1、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配foron2、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配He referred me to some reference books ______ which I am not very familiar.
Dolphins might be trained to cooperate with fishermen and help them by finding or even catching fish, ______ all of which activities dolphins are expert.within3、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词 搭配The rate ______ which wild animals are being destroyed has increased.
This is our classroom, _______________ which there is a teacher’s desk.atin the front ofThe committee consists of 20 members,5 of _______ are women.
The book contains 50 poems, most of ________ were written in 1930s.
There are two left, one of _______ is almost finished, and the other of _______ is not quite.
I have a sentence, the meaning of _______ I don’t understand.whomwhichwhichwhichwhich名词/代词/数词+ of +which/whomwhere 引导的定语从句。先行词是表示地点的名词或含有地点意义的抽象名词，用where引导定语从句,在从句做状语。This is the town where (= in which ) I spent my childhood.
The table where (= at which ) she is sitting is a new one.
Can you think of a situation where you may use this expression?注意 1若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。The library ________ students often study was on fire last night.
The library, _______ was built in the 1930s,needs repairing.
The library ________ you visited yesterday was built in 1990.wherewhichwhich注意 2区分where引导的定语从句和状语从句where前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语从句，否则是状语从句。When you read books, you had better make a mark at the spot where you have any questions.
When you read books , you had better make a mark where you have any questions.when 引导的定语从句。先行词是表示时间的名词，用when引导定语从句,在从句作状语。
I’ll never forget the day when (= on which ) I met you.
This was the time when ( =at which ) he left for Beijing .
We will put off the outing until next week, when we won’t be busy.注意:若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。I’ll never forget the day _________ we first met in the park.
I’ll never forget the time _________ I sent on campus.
I’ll never forget the time __________ was spent with you.whenwhichthatwhichthatwhy引导的定语从句。先行词是表示原因的名词，用引导定语从句,在从句中作状语。This is the reason why ( = for which ) I didn’t come here.The reason __________ she gave was not true.whichthatwhose 引导的定语从句。表示所属关系。The river _________ banks are covered with trees flows to the sea.whoseThere are in this class 20 students, ______ are different.
A.whose backgrounds
B.the backgrounds of whom
C.of whom the backgrounds
D.the backgrounds of whoseAdverbial Clause 时间状语从句1. I was reading when my mother came in.
2. Don’t go out before I come back .
3. I’ll give you a phone as soon as I come back.
4. The moment the button is pressed the machine starts.
5. I waited for him until he came back.
when, as, while, after, before , after, until, till, as soon as , the moment,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________表示“一…就….”的句型1 as soon as
2. on doing/on one’s n
3. no sooner …(had done) than …(did)
hardly ….(had done) when…(did)
scarcely …(had done) when …(did)
The thief was caught ____ ____ ____ he arrived in Dalian.
____ _______ in Dalian, the thief was caught.
Hardly _____ the thief _____ in Dalian _____ he was caught.
The thief _____ _____ _____ _______in Dalian than he was caught.
The thief ______ ______ ______ in Dalian ______ he was caught.
as soonasOnarrivinghadarrivedwhenhadnosoonerarrivedhadscarcelyarrivedwhenwhen/while/as/during/before He was laughing ______ he was having his meal.
_____he left school at fourteen, he began to make a living by himself.
_____ a young man, he went to France for French.
Beijing looks beautiful especially _______ autumn.
He was about to leave _______ the telephone rang.
It will be a long time ________ we see each other again.
He is very poor ________his brother is rich.
____________ taking a walk in the street, he saw an accident.asWhenAsduringwhenbeforewhileWhen/while地点状语从句1. Put the box where it is .
2. I will follow you wherever you go.
where, wherever
1.The light went out, because the oil was out.
2. As it is raining, I’ll not go out.
3. The days breaks ,for the birds are singing.
4. Since you insist, I’ll go.
5. Now that you have finished your work, you may go now._____________________ 原因状语_________________________________________________________________since, because, as, for ,
now that since/as/for/because1. – Why didn’t he come yesterday ?
--_____ he had something important to do .
2. It must have rained last night ,_____ the ground is wet.
3. ______ everybody is here, let’s begin the meeting.
4. _____ the weather is fine, we’d better go swimming.
5.It is ________ he was ill that he did not come today.BecauseforSinceAsbecause 目的状语从句I’ll speak slowly so that you can follow me.
They set out early in order that they might arrive on time.
He took the umbrella in case it rained.
He worked day and night in order to succeed.
He raised his voice so as to be heard.
so that , in order that, so as to , in order to ,
in case,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________ 结果状语从句He worked so hard that he passed the exam.
He is such a good boy that all love him.
such… that, so that .so … that
such..as /such…that /so..as /so ..that
Tonny is _____ clever a boy _____everyone likes.
Tonny is _____a clever boy _____everyone likes him.
There are _____ many good things _____ our students expect.
They are ______ little boys _____ everyone likes them.
The West Lake has _____ attractive scenery _____everyone is eager to go to.
_________________________________soassuchthatsoassuchthatsuchas让步状语从句Although the TV set was very expensive, I still bought it.
No matter what happened, he shouldn’t give up.
Even if the weather is bad, we’ll make a trip.
Try as I might, I couldn’t lift the stone.
although, though, whoever, no matter who, even if (though), as
___________________________________________________________________________________as
1. Child as he is, the boy knows everything.
2 Proud as he is, he is afraid to see me.
3. Try as I might, I couldn’t finish the work.
4. Hard as he works, he couldn’t succeed.
adj/adv
v + as + clause
n although/though/as/even if /in spite of /despite1. _____________ she is young, she knows quite a lot.
2 Clever _____ he is , he doesn’t study well.
3. Nobody believed him _____________ his explanation.
4. She returned to her old habit of smoking, __________ I had persuaded her to give up.
5. He said he would come ; he didn’t ，____.
6. Try to be honest to others , or you won’t be happy __________ you are rich.Although/thoughasdespite /in spite of thoughthougheven if 条件状语从句Tell me about it if you have time.
Don’t speak unless you are asked to.
Suppose (supposing) he is ill, what shall we do ？
You’ll do all right, as long as you follow his advice.
if, unless, as long as , suppose, supposing,
provided that __________________________________________________________________________________状语从句中的省略  状语从句的省略原则主要是：如果从句中的主语和主句中的主语一致，就可以经过一定的变动把状语从句中的主语和谓语的一部分或全部省略，从而使语言更加简洁、明了。现就把各种状语从句的省略现象列举如下：
一、时间状语从句中的省略
When (she was) very young, she began to learn to play the piano. 她很小时，就开始学习弹钢琴。
While (I was) at college, I began to know him, a strange but able student. 我在上大学时就开始认识他，一个奇怪但有能力的学生。 When arriving, send me a telegram. (When you arrive, send me a telegram.) 到达之后，来个电报。 Don’t come in until (you are) asked to. 不叫你请你不要进来。 Whenever (it is )possible, you should come and help. 不管什么时候只要有可能就来帮忙。 You should let us know the result as soon as(it is) possible. 你应尽快让我们知道结果。 注：as在引导时间状语从句时，没有这种省略现象。我们不可说As walking, she found a nice shining thing on the ground. 二、地点状语从句中的省略 地点状语从句的省略常用下列结构：where(ver) possible, where(ver) necessary, Lay these books where possible you can find them easily. 把这些书放在你可能容易找到的地方。
? Put in articles wherever necessary in the following passages. 在下列文章中需要的地方填入冠词。 三、条件状语从句中的省略 常用的句型是：if necessary, if possible, if true, if anyone等。如： Send the goods now if (they are) ready. 货物如果准备好了，请送过来。 He will come if (he is) asked. 如果叫他来，他就来。If (it is) necessary, ring me at home. 如果有可能，朝我家里打电话。 Come along with me if (it is) possible. 如果有可能和我一起去吧.。 If (it is) true, this will casue us a lot of trouble. 如果是真的，这会给我们带来很多麻烦。 There are few people nowadays, if (there are) any, who remember him. 很少有人能记起他。 You should stay where you are, unless (you are) asked to leave. 你应呆在你现在的地方不动，除非叫你动。 四、让步状语从句中的省略
? He is a good man, though sometimes (he is) rather dull. 他真是个好人，尽管有时有点无聊。 Even if (I am ) invited to, I won’t go to such a bad lecture. 即使邀我去，我都不想听如此坏的报告。 五、比较状语从句中的省略 She can play the piano just as wonderfully as you (do). 她钢琴弹的我你弹的一样好。 She has finished the work earlier than (it has been ) expected. 她这项工作比预料的提前完成 六、方式状语从句中的省略 as if/as though后还可加n./a./ad./介词短语／现在分词／过去分词／不定式。 He acts as if (he were) a fool. 他的行为举止好象是个傻子。 She talked to the stranger as if (she were) absent-minded. 她和陌生人谈话似乎很不在意。 He opened the desk, as if (he was) in search of something important. 他打抽屉仿佛要找一件什么重要的东西。 The boy is running impatiently here and there as if (he is) searching for something lost on the sports ground. 这男孩很不耐心地在操场上到处跑着仿佛在找什么东西。
? The football player is rolling on the ground as if (he is) hurt badly in the leg. 足球运动员在操场上打着滚似乎他的腿伤得厉害。 He moved his lips as if (he wanted )to speak. 他的嘴动着仿佛要说什么。 Thank you !GOOD BYE !Come on ！