英语：unit 1 best friends重点讲解（牛津英语八年级上）

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8 A Unit 1 重点讲解
Best Friends 最好的朋友
Best 最 形容词最高级用于三者或更多之间的比较，意为“最”，形容词的最高级的构成可。
如：He is the strongest in our class．
他是我班最强壮的。
Of all the stars， the sun is the nearest to us．
在所有的恒星中，太阳离我们最近。
She is the prettiest girl in our schoo1.
她是我们学校最漂亮的女孩。
They took the sick boy to the best hospital of the city.
他们把病孩送到市里最好的医院。
make friends交朋友，friend通常要用复数，与某人交朋友应用make fiends with sb.如：
He made friends with my brother last year．他去年我弟弟交了朋友。
She made friends with English people to improve her English．
为了提高她的英语，她与英国人交朋友。
make和一些名词组成固定的短语，这些短语有固定的意思。如：
make enemies树敌 make faces做鬼脸
make a mistake犯错误 make fun of sb．取笑某人
make difference产生差异 make a living谋生
2.She is as slim as I am. 她和我一样苗条
as+形容词原级+as意为“和……一样……”。如：
He is as old as I．他和我年龄一样大。
This book is as interesting as that one．
这本书和那本书一样有趣。
My family is as large 9s your family.
我家里人和你家里人一样多。
[注] 否定句可用as／so+形容词原级+as，意为“不如……”“不及……”。
如：He is not as／so smart as you．
他不如你那么神气。
I am not as／so clever as you．
我不如你聪明。
[注]肯定句中不能用so代替第一个as。
错误 You are so handsome as your brother.
正确 You are as handsome as your brother．
正确 You are not as／so handsome as your brother．
3. We have been best friends for a long time. 我们很久以来一直是好朋友。
have been这是be动词的现在完成时，意为“从过去到现在一直是…”。
如： I have been a teacher for ten years．我当了十年老师。
We have been good friends for many years．我们已是多年的好朋友。
They have been busy for a long time． 他们已忙了好长时间。
[注] 如果主语是第三人单数应用has been来表达。如：
He has been a doctor for five years． 他已当了五年的医生。
My brother has been away from home for two months． 我哥哥已两个月不在家
4. She is willing to share things with her friends. 她愿意和她的朋友分享一切。
Be willing to do意为“愿意干…”。其中willing是形容词，作表语，to do 作形容词宾语。
如： I am willing to work in the country. 我愿意到乡下工作。
She is willing to help others．她乐意帮助他人。
Are you willing to take the child home 你愿意送这孩子回家吗
b．表示“乐意做某事”还可用be glad to，be ready to表达。
如： He is always glad to help me．他总是乐意帮助我。
“Will you clean the blackboard ”“Yes， I’ll be glad to．”
“你擦黑板好吗 ”“好的，我来擦。”
[注] glad还可意为“高兴的”“满意的”。如：
Glad to see you．很高兴见到你。
I am glad about the result． 我对结果很满意。
Be ready to do 与be willing to同义，意为“愿意干……”
Lei Feng was always ready to help others．
雷锋总是乐意助人。
He was not ready to believe it because Aristotle said it．
他并未因为这是亚里斯多德说的就去相信它。
We are ready to go where they need us．我们愿意去那些需要我们的地方。
He is a ready helper．他是一个乐于助人的人。
[注]be ready还可意为“准备好了”。如：
Are you ready to go 你准备好出发了吗
I am ready for the journey. 我已作好旅途准备。
ready还可作副词，意为“预先准备的”。如：
ready-cooked food熟食 ready-made clothes现成衣服
share with 与…分享 share out 分派 分配
5.She helps me with my homework and she always gives seats to people in need on the bus.
她帮助我做家庭作业，她总是把座位让给需要的人。
helps me with my homework= helps me （to） do my homework
In need意为“有需求的”“处于需求状态的”。如：
A friend in need is a friend indeed． 患难之交是真正朋友。
We are ready to help people in need． 我们乐意帮助需要帮助的人们。
Doctors and nurses are in great need． 急需医生和护士。
[注]人作主语时应用be in need of sth．表示“某人需要某物”。如：
I am in great need of money． 我急需钱。
People there are in great need of medicine． 那里的人急需药品。
On the bus意为“乘公交车”=by bus，但只能作状语，不能作谓语。
Take a bus也意为“乘公交车”，作谓语和宾语。如：
I took a bus there．
=I went there on a／the bus／by bus．我乘汽车去那里。
You may take a bus home．= You may go home on a bus／by bus. 你可以乘公交车回家。
He will take a bus to the cinema．= He will go to the cinema on a bus／by bus.
他将乘汽车去看电影。
类似的还有：
take a train／a plane／a ship／a boat to s place
=go to a place by train／plane／ship／boat
=go to a place on a train／on a plane／on a ship／in a boat
6.Betty wants to be a singer and travel around the world when she grows up.
贝蒂想当一个歌唱家，当她长大后，她想周游世界。
travel around the world 意为“周游世界”，其中around为介词，意为“围绕”。当around作介词、副词，意为“围绕”时可与round替换，但当around意为“大约”时不能与round的替换，round可作形容词，意为“圆的”，around则无此意思。如：
a round table 一张圆桌 around ten o’clock 大约十点钟时
around ticket 一张往返票 around five pounds大约五磅
look around／round四下环顾
travel around／round the city在城市各处游览
7. he has poor eyesight because of too much computer work at night.
由于晚上过多地使用电脑，他视力不好.
poor eyesight 弱视 反义词 good eyesight
Because of属介词，后接名词、代词宾格，动词的ing形式。意为“因为”“由于”，可与because状语从句转换，because后接主语、谓语等。
He stayed at home because of his illness．
=He stayed at home because he was il1. 因为生病，他呆在家里。
Because of getting up late， he didn’t catch his train．
=Because he got up late，he didn’t catch his train．
因为晚起，他没赶上火车。
She left school because of her poor family．
=She left school because her family was poor． 由于家境贫困，她辍学。
The boy had an accident． Because of it , he lost him legs．
=Because he had an accident，the boy lost his legs．
男孩出了车祸，因为这车祸，他失去了双腿。
[注] because和because of句子中，都不能再出现so．
错误Because of his old age／he was old，so he stopped working·
正确Because of his old age／he was old，he stopped working．
at night 在晚上 in the night 在夜间 on Sunday night 在星期天的晚上
8.He wears small, round glasses and they make him look smart.
Wear 戴、穿的意思。通常接物，穿衣服，如She wears a pair of new shoes today .
wear glasses 戴眼镜 ，作“穿”讲时一般不用被动。
Wear off 逐渐消失 wear out 用破 用坏 磨损
他戴一副小小的圆圆的眼镜，这使他显得很神气。
Make him look smart意为“使他看上去很神气”，其中make作使役动词，后接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补语，能用这个结构的动词还有 1et，help，see，watch等。如：
His teacher made him do the exercise again． 他的老师让他重做了练习。
Her father didn’t let her watch TV too much． 她父亲不让她看太多电视。
I saw him go out just now．我看见他刚才出去的。
We watched the glasses fall off the table．
我们看着杯子从桌子掉下去。
The girl helps her mother(to)do the housework． 女孩帮助母亲干家务。
[注]在help后的宾补中可用do也可用to do。
9. Max has a good sense of humour. 迈克思有很好的幽默感。
sense作名词，意为“感觉”“观念”等。如：
He has a good sense of humour． 他有很好的幽默感。
Pilots have a good sense of direction． 飞行员有好的方向感。
Teachers usually have a high sense of duty． 老师通常有高度责任感。
Artists have a sense of beauty. 艺术家有审美感。
He has no sense of time． 他没有时间观念。
This is a common sense． 这是一个常识。
sense可作及物动词，意为“觉察到”“意识到”等。如：
The mother wolf sensed danger． 母狼意识到了危险。
I didn’t sense his meaning. 我没有领会他的意识。
In a sense 从某种意义上说 make sense 讲得通，言之有理
make sense of 弄懂…的意思
10. I never feel bored or unhappy when he is with me.
当他和我在一起时，我从来不感到无聊和不快乐。
bore作及物动词，意为“使厌倦”“使枯燥”。如：
His long talk bored the listeners． 他长时间的演讲使听众厌烦。
The lesson bored the students． 那堂课使学生厌倦。
His mothers words bored him to death． 他母亲的话使他烦得要死。
bored … to death 烦透了
bored过去分词用作形容词，指人所处的状态。意为“感到厌倦”。
如： He felt bored at home． 他在家觉得很无聊。
Are you feeling bored at doing nothing 不做什么事的时候你觉得厌烦吗
boring形容词，指事物的性质。意为“令人厌烦的""无聊的”。如：
The man is boring． 那个男的令人讨厌。
I think playing computer games is boring. 我认为玩电脑游戏无聊。
The report was boring． 报告令人厌倦。
Bore 钻孔 凿井 挖通道
巩固练习
Ⅰ.单项选择
1 .--I'm sorry to keep you waiting.
--Oh, not at all. I ________ here only a few minutes.
A. have been B. had been C. was D. will
2. The teacher came into the classroom, ________ some books in her hand.
A. hold B. holding C. bring D. carting
3 .--Where are you going7
--I'm going to my aunt' house to help my aunt ________ the dinner party.
A. be ready for B. getting ready
C. get ready for D. be getting ready
4 .--Must I finish the homework now7
--No, you ________. You can finish it tomorrow.
A. mustn ' t B. can' t C. needn ' t D. may not
5. I often help him ________ his English.
A. doing B. with C. to do D. learning
6. We're going to go ________ car.
A. in France in John's B. in France by John's
C. to France in John's D. to France by John's
7. Most of ________ boys in our class are interested in ________ physics.
A./, / B. the, / C./, the D. the, the
8. He stayed at home on Sunday ________the heavy rain.
A. because B. since C. because of D. as
Ⅱ．中译英
1.那条粉色的长裙非常适合她。
2.吉姆的爷爷已经死了三午了。
3.我们都很愿意参加这次运动会。
4.整天做练习很枯燥。
5.当我想起我的小狗的死，它使我很伤心。
Ⅲ．阅读理解
Len and Jim worked for the same company(公司 ). One day Len lent Jim $ 20, but then Jim left his job(工作) and went to work in another town without paying(没有还) back $ 20.
Len didn't see Jim for a year, and then he heard from another friend that Jim was in town and staying at the Central Hotel(市中心旅馆) ，so he went to see him there late in the evening.
He found out the number of Jim' s room from the clerk(服务员) at the desk downstairs and went up to find him. When he got to the room, he saw Jim's shoes outside the door, waiting to be cleaned.
"Well, he must be in," he thought and knocked at the door. There was no answer. He knocked again. The same thing happened.
Then he said, "I know you are in, Jim. Your shoes are out here."
"I went out in my slipper(拖鞋)", answered a voice(声音) from inside the room.
1 .Why couldn't Len ask Jim to pay him back soon
A. Because Len didn't want him to pay him back.
B. Because Jim had no money.
C. Because Jim left his job and went to another town.
D. Because Len was rich.
2.How did Len find out that Jim was at the Central Hotel
A. Jim telephoned him from the Central Hotel.
B. Len heard from him himself.
C. Len heard from another friend of his.
D. One of the clerks at the Central Hotel told him.
3.How did he find out which Jim's room was
A. He found out the number of Jim' s room at the desk.
B. He found out the number of Jim' s room downstairs.
C. He found out the number of Jim' s room from the clerk at the desk downstairs.
D. He found out the number of Jim' s room at the door.
4.How did Len know that Jim hadn't really gone out in his slippers
A. Jim spoke to him from inside the room.
B. The clerk at the desk downstairs told him about it.
C. A friend of his told him about it.
D. Len heard the noise from inside the room.
IV.短文改错
Look at a picture is colorful. 1._________
It' s on the wall of Jim bedroom. In the picture 2._________
We can see oranges trees. And we can see some 3._________
birds on them. Some of them are big, some of them 4._________
are small. There are some girls under tree. 5._________
The girl in red is reading English 6._________
book. The one in the yellow is singing. The 7._________
others girls are playing. Look! What's the boy doing 8._________
He is looking at the something. There is a boy 9._________
behind him. He is flying kite. They are having a good time. 10._________
参考答案
I．1.选A。
2.选B。holding手推着……，作伴随状语。
3.选C。为……作准备。
4.选C。回答must的否定句表示不必，用needn’t。
5.选B。help．．．with结构。
6.选C。in one’s car乘某人的车。
7.选B。我们班的大部分男孩，范围定指，在学科前不加冠词。
8.选C。只有because of后跟名词结构。
Ⅱ．1.That pink dress suits her very well．
2.Jim’s grandpa has already been dead for three years．
3.We are willing to attend the sports meet(meeting)．
4.Doing exercise all the day is very boring.
5.When l thinks of the death of my little dog. I feel sad at it．
Ⅲ．1．C 2．C 3．C 4．A
Ⅳ．1．Look Looking 2．Jim’ Jim’s 3．oranges’ orange 4．on in
5．在tree前加the 6．在English前加 an 7．the去掉 8．others’ other
9．the去掉 10．kite前加 a
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