中考完形填空训练
图片预览
文档简介
课件23张PPT。2009年中考英语答题技能训练 完形填空答题技巧吴忠市教育局教研室
王月娥
2009年6月完形填空命题特征完型填空题通常考查话题内容的核心词在语境中的词义辨析和搭配用法，干扰项与最佳选项在语法形式和语意上相当接近。如果脱离语篇，几个选项看似都正确，但在上下文故事发展的背景下，则只有一个最佳选项。所以解完型填空题必须仔细阅读全文，利用上下文的词、句信息，猜测推断所缺信息的意思，在全面理解全文的基础上解题。
完形填空篇幅在200词左右，共10个空，所设选项以名词、动词、形容词为主。
二、完形填空命题要点 ：
1.以实词为主，考查词义辨析能力 look see read
2.考查固定搭配 take off turn on according to
3.考查关联词语 if and but when how that
4.考查名词和代词一致性 the lady, she， it, any
5.考查文章主要内容 what’s going on…, ?
6.考查上下文线索
强调从故事情节发展的需求选择答案。需要较丰富的词
汇、短语和习语知识积累。要求考生具有较好的词语辨
析、逻辑思维能力、推理判断能力和信息利用能力。
解题策略建议1.把握语境：语境是指语言活动在一定的时间和空间里所表现的境况，即故事所涉及的人(who), 事(what), 时间（when), 地点（where), 原因（why)，结果(result)等。语境决定词句的含义。
Eg. They are flying kites.
歧义：1.他们在放风筝。2.他们是飞舞的风筝。
The students are enjoying themselves outside. They are flying kites.
--Look at those birds in the sky.
--No. They are not birds. They are flying kites.
Eg. We hid our faces behind papers as usual when a voice rang out. “_____. This is your driver speaking..” A. Note B. Notice C. Attention D. Be careful2.把握词汇关系，捕捉前后联系
一个语篇通过词汇的重复、同义、反义、等实现语义连贯。（1）复现关系：指某一词以原词、同根词、同义词、近义词、概括词等形式出现在语篇的不同地方，使句子间相互衔接。
Eg1.It was difficult for him to even ___ around. His doctor told him that he would lose the ability to move and eventually die from the disease.
A. run B. pass C. move D. travel
分析：句子通过move的复现和逻辑联系词even衔接起来。Even表示递进关系：difficult to move lose the ability to move eventually die.其严重程度依次加剧，符合逻辑。A spa is a place with a spring(泉) of hot water,
and the 1 usually has special qualities to treat
certain illnesses. People either 2 in it or even
drink it.
1. A. water B. medicine C. food D. smell
2. A. sleep B. work C. cook D. swim
In China, some radio stations 3 hotlines(热线).
It’s used for 4 listeners to take part in the talk
show.
3. A. make B. use C. buy D. sell
4. A. stopping B. testing C. helping D. encouraging（2）同现关系：包括反义、互补和搭配等关系。
Eg: Jane is a good teacher, but she is a ____ wife and mother. A. good B. favorite C. perfect D. bad
分析：前后句中Jane与she相照应，逻辑联系词but表明前后为转折关系，因此选项应是good的反义同现， 句子语意才连贯。
Eg: While the little ones played and ran around, I prepared bread and butter for the children, and hot chocolate for the___.
A. drivers B. guests C. customers D. adults
分析：the little ones 与 the children照应，由孩子联想到大人，children与adult构成互补关系。上下句语义连贯。
Eg: The fish hide among the plants and sleep, _ eggs there.
A. have B. eat C. lay D. find
分析：lay与hide, sleep为系列动作，与eggs形成搭配关系。
These camps are in the country—some
are in the mountains, some by lakes and others on the 1.
1. A. coast B. villages C. towns D. trees
I didn't have any breakfast today because
I woke up 2 and only had time for a cup of tea. I took the bus to school. I felt very 3 at 11 o'clock.
2. A. early B. quickly C. quietly D. late
3. A. tired B. sleepy C. hungry D. angry3. 利用语法关系，启示语义连贯：一个语义连贯的语篇往往会有照应、并列、对比、一致、省略、时间关联、地点关联、因果关联等语法关系，因此，解题时理应敏锐地利用这些关系进行分析。 Eg1：You and Jane can stay here. I’m sure you’ll enjoy___. But Jane may have a hard time, since she always finds it difficult to adjust to new surroundings. A. yourselves B. yourself C. us D. it Eg2.Travelling west, you set your clock 1 ; travelling east, you set it ahead… Travelling 2 today becomes yesterday; travelling west it is tomorrow. 1. A. behind B. forward C. back D. ahead 2. A. south B. east C. north D. westEg: Many old people don‘t have good ___.They can’t watch TV, but they can listen to music or news over the radio.
A. hearing B. health C. eyesight D. time Eg: The courses are often very ____work, and you spend long hours outside practising.
A. easy B. hard C. funny D. exciting
Eg: Some people phone the hotlines in fun. They _1_ want the listeners to hear them. They don’t care what the topic is and _2_ they’re interested in it or not.
A. already B. hardly C. just D. never
2. A. when B. what C. where D. whetherEg:He was chatting online and, ___, he was playing a computer game—a war game
A. first of all B. just then C. at the same time D. by the time
Eg: I raised my head, and saw nobody showed any interest.____, I realized that people there were having a nice conversation with their machine, not with people.
A. From then on B. At that moment C. In all D. Above all
Eg:… and the officers then began to eat their meal, saying that the noodles had a very strange ___quite pleasant taste.
A. besides B. but C. and D. orEg1:He is a great chatter as well. If he did not know
them, he would greet them with a few 49 about the
weather, 50 he did know them, he would ask about
their families or make 51.
49.A.questions B. saying C. words D. speeches
50.A.and then B. and so C. even if D. but if
51.A.preparations B. jokes C. repairs D. friends 4、划分意群与句子结构，简化长难句。Eg2:One afternoon I was 36 at my favorite table in a restaurant , waiting for the food I had ordered to arrive. Suddenly I 37 that a man sitting at a table near the window kept looking in my direction , 38 he knew me.
36. A. sitting B. looking C. arriving D. working
37. A. knew B. understand C. recognize D. noticed
38. A. since B. even if C. though D. as ifEg: She was _1_ jeans and a sweater, sitting at the table I had just_2_, with many books around her.
1. A. hanging B. making C. wearing D. changing 2. A. cleaned B. washed C. swept D. brushed
Eg: Finally I turned the key in the lock and___ the door open, with Dad still watching a baseball game on TV. A. knocked B. forced C. pushed D. tried
Eg: If a caller doesn’t know what is going ___, He should not be let in with the talk.
A. On B. off C. away D about5. 通过词义辨析、固定搭配、生活常识或相关背景知识答题。完形填空类型选词填空/用所给词填空（对号入座）
根据上下文理解填空 （词汇理解应用）
给首字母填空 （单元检测模式）
4. 选择填空 （标准化试题模式）Fill in the blanks with 【anything, everything, nothing, something】
1. This box is empty. There’s _________ in it.
2. Please turn on the light. I can’t see _______.
3. He was hungry. He ate _______ on his plate.
4. They didn’t buy ___________ in the shop.
5. What are you cooking? _____ smells good.
6. They ate everything! There’s ______ for me.
7. There’s _______in Dad’s pocket. What is it?
8. They made soup. They put _____ in one pot. Tuesday was a very _______day for Patty. It rained in the morning and her shoes were very _______ when she got to school. All of the answers in her math homework were _______. The teacher said she was very careless. She couldn’t find her lunch. The cafe had her _________________ kind of sandwich, but she didn’t have ____________ money. She could only buy soup. The English teacher wasn’t at school, so Patty’s class had to do a lot of exercise in their workbooks. It wasn’t a very ____________ class.
Patty told her mother about her terrible day. Her mother said, “Smile! Maybe tomorrow will be ________________!”
bad wet wrong favorite enough interesting better A hobby is an interesting way of spending your free time. There are so 1 different hobbies for different people to choose. Some hobbies are very popular 2, others are quite unusual. You may choose one that you are interested 3. you may enjoy collecting things such as stamps, stones, foreign 4 and so on.
If you like to work with your hands, you may enjoy model making and 5 cutting, which both need great attention in detail. Or you may 6 creative hobbies, like painting and writing. Many people 7 outdoor activities to indoor activities. They get great pleasure from 8, cycling and so on, which they can enjoy with others.
Wherever you live, there 9 always a hobby for you to choose. The hobby can help you relax after your daily work. The hobby can give you many hours of pleasure and 10 you happiness, knowledge and friendship.
答案：many while in coins paper enjoy prefer sailing is bring
Doherty was a policeman. He liked boiled eggs very much. He 41 had one for breakfast. Early one morning in December, he was on 42 on the road in his police car. At ten o’clock, he went into a small café by the roadside because he was a bit hungry.. He 43 a boiled egg, a drink and a sandwich. When the waiter brought 44 to him, he found that the egg was not cooked enough. He decided to cook his egg 45. He put the egg inside the microwave oven and 46. he let the egg cook for one minute, then he took it out. He took the egg back to his 47, picked up his spoon and pushed it into the egg.
Suddenly there was a loud explosion (爆炸). For a moment, all the other people rushed to hide48 the tables in the café. They thought someone had thrown a bomb(炸弹) into the building. But when they saw Doherty’s face, they all 49. Doherty had egg all over his face. He had 50 because eggs must never be cooked in a microwave oven.41. A. never B. sometimes C. ever D. often
42. A. duty B. business C. a visit D. show
43. A. cooked B. needed C. ordered D. asked
44. A. it B. them C. that D. this
45. A. a little longer B. much longer
C. a little shorter D. much shorter
46. A. turned it up B. turned it down
C. turned it off D turned it on
47. A. police car B. office C. table D. room
48. A. beside B. on C. behind D. under
49. A. laughed B. cried C. shouted D. worried
50. A. had an accident B. made a mistake
C. got into trouble D. made a jokeMaps are very useful and important to us today, but they are
not a new invention. In fact，people have made and used
maps for 1. It is believed that the first map of the world 2 be a
2,600 year old clay (陶)map from Babylonia. People in the past
did not 3 what the world really looked like, but they had many
ideas about 4 .
Maps makers could not draw accurate(准确的) maps of the
earth 5 people began travelling around the world in the 6
century, mapping small areas each time. In the eighteenth and
nineteenth centuries, people 7 making correct maps of
countries, but the accurate maps of the world were not made
until the 1890s.
Maps today are 8 , cheap, and easy to understand. People
depend on maps 9 day. What would our lives be like 10
them?
答案： centuries may know it until fifteenth began useful every without 08年宁夏完形填空题
She could have lived an easy, comfortable life. But 41 she chose to work hard and care for the 42.
Florence Nightingale was one of the 43 great nurses. Every year on her birthday, May12, people celebrate International Nurses Day to remember the love and help she gave to so many people.
Nightingale was born into a rich family in 1820 in Italy. When she was 24, she told her parents she wanted to be a nurse. But they 44 that idea. The family had a lot of money, so they thought it would be better 45 she didn’t work. But Nightingale went on with her 46 . She went to Germany to learn to be a nurse.
During the war in 1854, Nightingale and a team of 38 nurses from England went to 47 soldiers near Turkey. She made the hospital much cleaner there.
48 , she would look after the soldiers. She carried a lamp with her, and the soldiers began to call her “The Lady with the Lamp”.
In 1860, after the war, Nightingale 49 the first nursing school. She also worked to make the hospitals better and make 50 for nurses. She died in 1910 in London, at the age of 90.
Nightingale’s birthday became International Nurses Day in 1974. 08年完形填空答案
41. A finally B. instead
C. in the end D. immediately
42. A. sick B. poor C. rich D. children
43. A. city’s B. hospital’s C. country’s D. world’s
44. A. liked B. didn’t like C. had D. didn’t have
45. A. if B. why C. when D. where
46. A. study B. work C. dream D. trip
47. A. look for B. wait for C. ask for D. care for
48. A. At night B. At noon
C. In the day D. In the afternoon
49. A. went to B. closed C. opened D. broke
50. A. plans B. suggestions C. decisions D. rules6.再次通读，检查修正答案。（2-3分钟）
完形填空的答题过程首先是一个阅读的过程。有些句子和段落甚至需要反复阅读，答题时对一些拿不定主意的选项也可先不填，随着对文章前后文理解的不断加深，对选项的决策也会有启发。选出答案后，再次带着填入项阅读文章 ，在文章情景中审视全文，检验答案，看语义是否连贯，符合逻辑，语法是否正确，对偏差进行必要修正，最终达到全文意思、语法、结构等方面的一致和完美。
王月娥
2009年6月完形填空命题特征完型填空题通常考查话题内容的核心词在语境中的词义辨析和搭配用法，干扰项与最佳选项在语法形式和语意上相当接近。如果脱离语篇，几个选项看似都正确，但在上下文故事发展的背景下，则只有一个最佳选项。所以解完型填空题必须仔细阅读全文，利用上下文的词、句信息，猜测推断所缺信息的意思，在全面理解全文的基础上解题。
完形填空篇幅在200词左右，共10个空，所设选项以名词、动词、形容词为主。
二、完形填空命题要点 ：
1.以实词为主，考查词义辨析能力 look see read
2.考查固定搭配 take off turn on according to
3.考查关联词语 if and but when how that
4.考查名词和代词一致性 the lady, she， it, any
5.考查文章主要内容 what’s going on…, ?
6.考查上下文线索
强调从故事情节发展的需求选择答案。需要较丰富的词
汇、短语和习语知识积累。要求考生具有较好的词语辨
析、逻辑思维能力、推理判断能力和信息利用能力。
解题策略建议1.把握语境：语境是指语言活动在一定的时间和空间里所表现的境况，即故事所涉及的人(who), 事(what), 时间（when), 地点（where), 原因（why)，结果(result)等。语境决定词句的含义。
Eg. They are flying kites.
歧义：1.他们在放风筝。2.他们是飞舞的风筝。
The students are enjoying themselves outside. They are flying kites.
--Look at those birds in the sky.
--No. They are not birds. They are flying kites.
Eg. We hid our faces behind papers as usual when a voice rang out. “_____. This is your driver speaking..” A. Note B. Notice C. Attention D. Be careful2.把握词汇关系，捕捉前后联系
一个语篇通过词汇的重复、同义、反义、等实现语义连贯。（1）复现关系：指某一词以原词、同根词、同义词、近义词、概括词等形式出现在语篇的不同地方，使句子间相互衔接。
Eg1.It was difficult for him to even ___ around. His doctor told him that he would lose the ability to move and eventually die from the disease.
A. run B. pass C. move D. travel
分析：句子通过move的复现和逻辑联系词even衔接起来。Even表示递进关系：difficult to move lose the ability to move eventually die.其严重程度依次加剧，符合逻辑。A spa is a place with a spring(泉) of hot water,
and the 1 usually has special qualities to treat
certain illnesses. People either 2 in it or even
drink it.
1. A. water B. medicine C. food D. smell
2. A. sleep B. work C. cook D. swim
In China, some radio stations 3 hotlines(热线).
It’s used for 4 listeners to take part in the talk
show.
3. A. make B. use C. buy D. sell
4. A. stopping B. testing C. helping D. encouraging（2）同现关系：包括反义、互补和搭配等关系。
Eg: Jane is a good teacher, but she is a ____ wife and mother. A. good B. favorite C. perfect D. bad
分析：前后句中Jane与she相照应，逻辑联系词but表明前后为转折关系，因此选项应是good的反义同现， 句子语意才连贯。
Eg: While the little ones played and ran around, I prepared bread and butter for the children, and hot chocolate for the___.
A. drivers B. guests C. customers D. adults
分析：the little ones 与 the children照应，由孩子联想到大人，children与adult构成互补关系。上下句语义连贯。
Eg: The fish hide among the plants and sleep, _ eggs there.
A. have B. eat C. lay D. find
分析：lay与hide, sleep为系列动作，与eggs形成搭配关系。
These camps are in the country—some
are in the mountains, some by lakes and others on the 1.
1. A. coast B. villages C. towns D. trees
I didn't have any breakfast today because
I woke up 2 and only had time for a cup of tea. I took the bus to school. I felt very 3 at 11 o'clock.
2. A. early B. quickly C. quietly D. late
3. A. tired B. sleepy C. hungry D. angry3. 利用语法关系，启示语义连贯：一个语义连贯的语篇往往会有照应、并列、对比、一致、省略、时间关联、地点关联、因果关联等语法关系，因此，解题时理应敏锐地利用这些关系进行分析。 Eg1：You and Jane can stay here. I’m sure you’ll enjoy___. But Jane may have a hard time, since she always finds it difficult to adjust to new surroundings. A. yourselves B. yourself C. us D. it Eg2.Travelling west, you set your clock 1 ; travelling east, you set it ahead… Travelling 2 today becomes yesterday; travelling west it is tomorrow. 1. A. behind B. forward C. back D. ahead 2. A. south B. east C. north D. westEg: Many old people don‘t have good ___.They can’t watch TV, but they can listen to music or news over the radio.
A. hearing B. health C. eyesight D. time Eg: The courses are often very ____work, and you spend long hours outside practising.
A. easy B. hard C. funny D. exciting
Eg: Some people phone the hotlines in fun. They _1_ want the listeners to hear them. They don’t care what the topic is and _2_ they’re interested in it or not.
A. already B. hardly C. just D. never
2. A. when B. what C. where D. whetherEg:He was chatting online and, ___, he was playing a computer game—a war game
A. first of all B. just then C. at the same time D. by the time
Eg: I raised my head, and saw nobody showed any interest.____, I realized that people there were having a nice conversation with their machine, not with people.
A. From then on B. At that moment C. In all D. Above all
Eg:… and the officers then began to eat their meal, saying that the noodles had a very strange ___quite pleasant taste.
A. besides B. but C. and D. orEg1:He is a great chatter as well. If he did not know
them, he would greet them with a few 49 about the
weather, 50 he did know them, he would ask about
their families or make 51.
49.A.questions B. saying C. words D. speeches
50.A.and then B. and so C. even if D. but if
51.A.preparations B. jokes C. repairs D. friends 4、划分意群与句子结构，简化长难句。Eg2:One afternoon I was 36 at my favorite table in a restaurant , waiting for the food I had ordered to arrive. Suddenly I 37 that a man sitting at a table near the window kept looking in my direction , 38 he knew me.
36. A. sitting B. looking C. arriving D. working
37. A. knew B. understand C. recognize D. noticed
38. A. since B. even if C. though D. as ifEg: She was _1_ jeans and a sweater, sitting at the table I had just_2_, with many books around her.
1. A. hanging B. making C. wearing D. changing 2. A. cleaned B. washed C. swept D. brushed
Eg: Finally I turned the key in the lock and___ the door open, with Dad still watching a baseball game on TV. A. knocked B. forced C. pushed D. tried
Eg: If a caller doesn’t know what is going ___, He should not be let in with the talk.
A. On B. off C. away D about5. 通过词义辨析、固定搭配、生活常识或相关背景知识答题。完形填空类型选词填空/用所给词填空（对号入座）
根据上下文理解填空 （词汇理解应用）
给首字母填空 （单元检测模式）
4. 选择填空 （标准化试题模式）Fill in the blanks with 【anything, everything, nothing, something】
1. This box is empty. There’s _________ in it.
2. Please turn on the light. I can’t see _______.
3. He was hungry. He ate _______ on his plate.
4. They didn’t buy ___________ in the shop.
5. What are you cooking? _____ smells good.
6. They ate everything! There’s ______ for me.
7. There’s _______in Dad’s pocket. What is it?
8. They made soup. They put _____ in one pot. Tuesday was a very _______day for Patty. It rained in the morning and her shoes were very _______ when she got to school. All of the answers in her math homework were _______. The teacher said she was very careless. She couldn’t find her lunch. The cafe had her _________________ kind of sandwich, but she didn’t have ____________ money. She could only buy soup. The English teacher wasn’t at school, so Patty’s class had to do a lot of exercise in their workbooks. It wasn’t a very ____________ class.
Patty told her mother about her terrible day. Her mother said, “Smile! Maybe tomorrow will be ________________!”
bad wet wrong favorite enough interesting better A hobby is an interesting way of spending your free time. There are so 1 different hobbies for different people to choose. Some hobbies are very popular 2, others are quite unusual. You may choose one that you are interested 3. you may enjoy collecting things such as stamps, stones, foreign 4 and so on.
If you like to work with your hands, you may enjoy model making and 5 cutting, which both need great attention in detail. Or you may 6 creative hobbies, like painting and writing. Many people 7 outdoor activities to indoor activities. They get great pleasure from 8, cycling and so on, which they can enjoy with others.
Wherever you live, there 9 always a hobby for you to choose. The hobby can help you relax after your daily work. The hobby can give you many hours of pleasure and 10 you happiness, knowledge and friendship.
答案：many while in coins paper enjoy prefer sailing is bring
Doherty was a policeman. He liked boiled eggs very much. He 41 had one for breakfast. Early one morning in December, he was on 42 on the road in his police car. At ten o’clock, he went into a small café by the roadside because he was a bit hungry.. He 43 a boiled egg, a drink and a sandwich. When the waiter brought 44 to him, he found that the egg was not cooked enough. He decided to cook his egg 45. He put the egg inside the microwave oven and 46. he let the egg cook for one minute, then he took it out. He took the egg back to his 47, picked up his spoon and pushed it into the egg.
Suddenly there was a loud explosion (爆炸). For a moment, all the other people rushed to hide48 the tables in the café. They thought someone had thrown a bomb(炸弹) into the building. But when they saw Doherty’s face, they all 49. Doherty had egg all over his face. He had 50 because eggs must never be cooked in a microwave oven.41. A. never B. sometimes C. ever D. often
42. A. duty B. business C. a visit D. show
43. A. cooked B. needed C. ordered D. asked
44. A. it B. them C. that D. this
45. A. a little longer B. much longer
C. a little shorter D. much shorter
46. A. turned it up B. turned it down
C. turned it off D turned it on
47. A. police car B. office C. table D. room
48. A. beside B. on C. behind D. under
49. A. laughed B. cried C. shouted D. worried
50. A. had an accident B. made a mistake
C. got into trouble D. made a jokeMaps are very useful and important to us today, but they are
not a new invention. In fact，people have made and used
maps for 1. It is believed that the first map of the world 2 be a
2,600 year old clay (陶)map from Babylonia. People in the past
did not 3 what the world really looked like, but they had many
ideas about 4 .
Maps makers could not draw accurate(准确的) maps of the
earth 5 people began travelling around the world in the 6
century, mapping small areas each time. In the eighteenth and
nineteenth centuries, people 7 making correct maps of
countries, but the accurate maps of the world were not made
until the 1890s.
Maps today are 8 , cheap, and easy to understand. People
depend on maps 9 day. What would our lives be like 10
them?
答案： centuries may know it until fifteenth began useful every without 08年宁夏完形填空题
She could have lived an easy, comfortable life. But 41 she chose to work hard and care for the 42.
Florence Nightingale was one of the 43 great nurses. Every year on her birthday, May12, people celebrate International Nurses Day to remember the love and help she gave to so many people.
Nightingale was born into a rich family in 1820 in Italy. When she was 24, she told her parents she wanted to be a nurse. But they 44 that idea. The family had a lot of money, so they thought it would be better 45 she didn’t work. But Nightingale went on with her 46 . She went to Germany to learn to be a nurse.
During the war in 1854, Nightingale and a team of 38 nurses from England went to 47 soldiers near Turkey. She made the hospital much cleaner there.
48 , she would look after the soldiers. She carried a lamp with her, and the soldiers began to call her “The Lady with the Lamp”.
In 1860, after the war, Nightingale 49 the first nursing school. She also worked to make the hospitals better and make 50 for nurses. She died in 1910 in London, at the age of 90.
Nightingale’s birthday became International Nurses Day in 1974. 08年完形填空答案
41. A finally B. instead
C. in the end D. immediately
42. A. sick B. poor C. rich D. children
43. A. city’s B. hospital’s C. country’s D. world’s
44. A. liked B. didn’t like C. had D. didn’t have
45. A. if B. why C. when D. where
46. A. study B. work C. dream D. trip
47. A. look for B. wait for C. ask for D. care for
48. A. At night B. At noon
C. In the day D. In the afternoon
49. A. went to B. closed C. opened D. broke
50. A. plans B. suggestions C. decisions D. rules6.再次通读，检查修正答案。（2-3分钟）
完形填空的答题过程首先是一个阅读的过程。有些句子和段落甚至需要反复阅读，答题时对一些拿不定主意的选项也可先不填，随着对文章前后文理解的不断加深，对选项的决策也会有启发。选出答案后，再次带着填入项阅读文章 ，在文章情景中审视全文，检验答案，看语义是否连贯，符合逻辑，语法是否正确，对偏差进行必要修正，最终达到全文意思、语法、结构等方面的一致和完美。
同课章节目录