专题二 虚拟语气
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专题二 虚拟语气
语气有三种:陈述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气.语气表示说话人对劝词所示示的动作或所处的状态持有的态度或看法.
一、虚拟语气的定义
用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。
二、虚拟语气的考点
一）If 条件句
1．三种基本形式
2．倒装
3．错综时间句
二）固定句型
三、虚拟语气的用法
一）If 条件句
1.三种基本形式（现在/过去/将来）
1）与现在事实相反
①If I________ (have) $3 million , I_____________(buy) a plane.
②If I _______(be) a millionaire, I ________(buy) a plane.
2)与过去相反
③If I_______________(take) your advice, I ____________(not make) a mistake.
3)与将来相反
④If I_____________( enter) the university tomorrow, I _______( be ) very happy.
▲总结
if条件句中的谓与动词 主句的谓与动词
与现在的事实相反 1. _________________2. _________________ Should/would/could/might + __________
与过去的事实相反 had + done Should/would/could/might + __________
与将来的事实相反 1. 行为动词用did2. should + 动词原形3. were to + 动词原形 Should/would/could/might + __________
2.倒装(were, had, should )
注:________________________________________________________
3. 错综时间条件句
⑤ If I were you, I would not have missed the film last night.
⑥If they ____________( start) in the early morning, they __________ (arrive )in half an hour .
⑦If you ___________(ask) him yesterday, you_________( know) what to do now.
2.固定句型
⑧I suggested that we ____________(go) there on foot.
The smile on her face suggested that she ____( be) satisfied with our work.
1) suggest, request, insist,(坚持要求) demand, propose, order, command等也就是_________________________后的从句谓语动词_____________________.
注:两个特殊的词________,________
2) It is very important that one __________( master) the skills of computers.
3) It is (high) time that we _____________(go) to school.
4) I would rather ________ (go) to school now.
we ________ (go) to school now.
5) I wish(ed) that I ______(be) young.
I __________(catch) the bus.
it _______________________(rain) tomorrow.
类似if only, as if
6) May God______( bless) me!
练习一
1. The young man insisted that he _____ nothing wrong and ____ free.
A. did; set B. had done; should be set
C. do; be set D. had done; must be set
2.Mother suggested that I _____ my homework first before watching TV.
A. did B. do C. shall do D. have done
3.My suggestion was that the meeting _____ off still next week.
A. to put B. be put C. should put D. be putting
4.The order came that the medical supplies _____ to the village soon.
A. would be sent B. should send C. be sent D. must be sent
5．They requested that he ______ on the radio.
A. spoke B. speaks C. speak D. would speak
6.If only he ______ quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now. (2000)
A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lie
7.It is important that we ______ wild animals.
A. will protect B. should protect C. shall protect D. are protecting
8.But for John, we ______ the match last week.
A. would have lost B. would lose C. had lost D. lost
9.John talked as if he ______ all the work himself but in fact Harry and Lily did most of it.
A. did B. had done C. has done D. do
10. You _____ earlier. The bus left a moment ago.
A. would come B. should have come
C. may come D. have come
11. It is necessary that the problem _____ at once.
A. solves B. should solve C. should be solved D. will be solved
12. It is strange that he _____ interest in much of his research.
A. should have lost B. would lose
C. had lost D. will lost
13. If only I _____ my watch!
A. hadn't lost B. haven't lost C. didn't lose D. don't lose
14. "What will you do during the summer holiday "
"I don't know, but It's high time _____ Something."
A. I'm deciding B. I'll decide C. I decided D. I decide
15. If he ________, he _________ that food.
A. was warned; would not take B. had been warned; would not have taken
C. would be warned; had not taken D. would have been warned; had not taken
16. If my lawyer _________ here last Saturday, he _______ me from going.
A. had been; would have prevented B. had been; would prevent
C. were; would prevent D. were; would have prevented
17. If he ______ it, he _______ it.
A. had seen; could have believed B. saw; couldn’t believe
C. saw; couldn’t have believed D. has seen; had believed
18.. —Do you think the thief entered through the window
—No, if he had, I don’t believe, _______ broken the living-room’s window.
A. he would have B. he must have
C. he had D. should he have
19. —Did you go swimming last Sunday
—No. We would have gone ______ nicer.
A. if the weather was B. would the weather have been
C. had the weather been D. should the weather be
20. ______ it ______ for your help, I couldn’t have made any progress.
A. Had; not been B. Should; not been
C. Did; not been D. Not; been
练习二
1．I enjoyed the movie very much．I wish I the book from which it was made．
A．have read B．had read C．should have read D．am reading
2．You are late．If you a few minutes earlier, you him．
A．came；Would meet B．had come；Would have met
C．come；Will meet D．had come；would meet
3．I can’t stand him．He always talks as though he everything·
A．knew B．knows C．has know D．had known
4．His doctor suggested that he short trip abroad．
A．will take B．would take C．take D．took
5．We might have failed if you us a helping hand．
A．have not given B．would not give C．had not given D．did not give
6．The law requires that everyone his car checked at least once a month．
A．has B．have C．had D．will have
7．He was busy yesterday，otherwise he to the meeting．
A．would come B．would have been C．could have been D．would be
8．If there were no subjunctive mood，English much easier．
A．will be B．would have been C．could have been D．would be
9． the fog，we should have reached our schoo1．
A．Because of B．In spite of C．In case of D．But for
10．—What will you do during winter vacation
—I don’t know，but it’s about time something·
A．I decided B．I’ll decide C．I’d decided D．I’m deciding
11．He was very busy yesterday，otherwise，he to your birthday party．
A．would come B．came C．would have come D．should come
12．The two strangers talked as if they friends for years．
A．should be B．had been C．have been D．were
13．Look! What you’ve done! You have been more careful．
A．should B．may C．ought D．would
14．Without electricity，what
A．will the world be like B．would the world be like
C．the world will be like D．the World Would be like
15．With your ability，you out the puzzle within a few minutes．
A． could have worked B．need have worked
C．ought have worked D．must have worked
16．My suggestion is that the sick boy to hospital as soon as possible．
A．is taken B．must be taken C．be taken D．has to be taken
17．If we had not missed the bus，we lunch at home now．
A．would have had B．would have C．must be having D．would be having
18． here yesterday，he would attend the lecture with us today．
A．Had he been B．If he were C．Were he D．Should be he
19．His tired face suggested that he really tired after the 1ong walk．
A．had been B．was C．be D．should be
20．Without electricity human life quite different today．
A．is B．will be C．would have been D．Would be
l-5 BBACC 6-10 BBDDA 11-15 CBABA 16-20 CDABBD
语气有三种:陈述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气.语气表示说话人对劝词所示示的动作或所处的状态持有的态度或看法.
一、虚拟语气的定义
用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。
二、虚拟语气的考点
一）If 条件句
1．三种基本形式
2．倒装
3．错综时间句
二）固定句型
三、虚拟语气的用法
一）If 条件句
1.三种基本形式（现在/过去/将来）
1）与现在事实相反
①If I________ (have) $3 million , I_____________(buy) a plane.
②If I _______(be) a millionaire, I ________(buy) a plane.
2)与过去相反
③If I_______________(take) your advice, I ____________(not make) a mistake.
3)与将来相反
④If I_____________( enter) the university tomorrow, I _______( be ) very happy.
▲总结
if条件句中的谓与动词 主句的谓与动词
与现在的事实相反 1. _________________2. _________________ Should/would/could/might + __________
与过去的事实相反 had + done Should/would/could/might + __________
与将来的事实相反 1. 行为动词用did2. should + 动词原形3. were to + 动词原形 Should/would/could/might + __________
2.倒装(were, had, should )
注:________________________________________________________
3. 错综时间条件句
⑤ If I were you, I would not have missed the film last night.
⑥If they ____________( start) in the early morning, they __________ (arrive )in half an hour .
⑦If you ___________(ask) him yesterday, you_________( know) what to do now.
2.固定句型
⑧I suggested that we ____________(go) there on foot.
The smile on her face suggested that she ____( be) satisfied with our work.
1) suggest, request, insist,(坚持要求) demand, propose, order, command等也就是_________________________后的从句谓语动词_____________________.
注:两个特殊的词________,________
2) It is very important that one __________( master) the skills of computers.
3) It is (high) time that we _____________(go) to school.
4) I would rather ________ (go) to school now.
we ________ (go) to school now.
5) I wish(ed) that I ______(be) young.
I __________(catch) the bus.
it _______________________(rain) tomorrow.
类似if only, as if
6) May God______( bless) me!
练习一
1. The young man insisted that he _____ nothing wrong and ____ free.
A. did; set B. had done; should be set
C. do; be set D. had done; must be set
2.Mother suggested that I _____ my homework first before watching TV.
A. did B. do C. shall do D. have done
3.My suggestion was that the meeting _____ off still next week.
A. to put B. be put C. should put D. be putting
4.The order came that the medical supplies _____ to the village soon.
A. would be sent B. should send C. be sent D. must be sent
5．They requested that he ______ on the radio.
A. spoke B. speaks C. speak D. would speak
6.If only he ______ quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now. (2000)
A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lie
7.It is important that we ______ wild animals.
A. will protect B. should protect C. shall protect D. are protecting
8.But for John, we ______ the match last week.
A. would have lost B. would lose C. had lost D. lost
9.John talked as if he ______ all the work himself but in fact Harry and Lily did most of it.
A. did B. had done C. has done D. do
10. You _____ earlier. The bus left a moment ago.
A. would come B. should have come
C. may come D. have come
11. It is necessary that the problem _____ at once.
A. solves B. should solve C. should be solved D. will be solved
12. It is strange that he _____ interest in much of his research.
A. should have lost B. would lose
C. had lost D. will lost
13. If only I _____ my watch!
A. hadn't lost B. haven't lost C. didn't lose D. don't lose
14. "What will you do during the summer holiday "
"I don't know, but It's high time _____ Something."
A. I'm deciding B. I'll decide C. I decided D. I decide
15. If he ________, he _________ that food.
A. was warned; would not take B. had been warned; would not have taken
C. would be warned; had not taken D. would have been warned; had not taken
16. If my lawyer _________ here last Saturday, he _______ me from going.
A. had been; would have prevented B. had been; would prevent
C. were; would prevent D. were; would have prevented
17. If he ______ it, he _______ it.
A. had seen; could have believed B. saw; couldn’t believe
C. saw; couldn’t have believed D. has seen; had believed
18.. —Do you think the thief entered through the window
—No, if he had, I don’t believe, _______ broken the living-room’s window.
A. he would have B. he must have
C. he had D. should he have
19. —Did you go swimming last Sunday
—No. We would have gone ______ nicer.
A. if the weather was B. would the weather have been
C. had the weather been D. should the weather be
20. ______ it ______ for your help, I couldn’t have made any progress.
A. Had; not been B. Should; not been
C. Did; not been D. Not; been
练习二
1．I enjoyed the movie very much．I wish I the book from which it was made．
A．have read B．had read C．should have read D．am reading
2．You are late．If you a few minutes earlier, you him．
A．came；Would meet B．had come；Would have met
C．come；Will meet D．had come；would meet
3．I can’t stand him．He always talks as though he everything·
A．knew B．knows C．has know D．had known
4．His doctor suggested that he short trip abroad．
A．will take B．would take C．take D．took
5．We might have failed if you us a helping hand．
A．have not given B．would not give C．had not given D．did not give
6．The law requires that everyone his car checked at least once a month．
A．has B．have C．had D．will have
7．He was busy yesterday，otherwise he to the meeting．
A．would come B．would have been C．could have been D．would be
8．If there were no subjunctive mood，English much easier．
A．will be B．would have been C．could have been D．would be
9． the fog，we should have reached our schoo1．
A．Because of B．In spite of C．In case of D．But for
10．—What will you do during winter vacation
—I don’t know，but it’s about time something·
A．I decided B．I’ll decide C．I’d decided D．I’m deciding
11．He was very busy yesterday，otherwise，he to your birthday party．
A．would come B．came C．would have come D．should come
12．The two strangers talked as if they friends for years．
A．should be B．had been C．have been D．were
13．Look! What you’ve done! You have been more careful．
A．should B．may C．ought D．would
14．Without electricity，what
A．will the world be like B．would the world be like
C．the world will be like D．the World Would be like
15．With your ability，you out the puzzle within a few minutes．
A． could have worked B．need have worked
C．ought have worked D．must have worked
16．My suggestion is that the sick boy to hospital as soon as possible．
A．is taken B．must be taken C．be taken D．has to be taken
17．If we had not missed the bus，we lunch at home now．
A．would have had B．would have C．must be having D．would be having
18． here yesterday，he would attend the lecture with us today．
A．Had he been B．If he were C．Were he D．Should be he
19．His tired face suggested that he really tired after the 1ong walk．
A．had been B．was C．be D．should be
20．Without electricity human life quite different today．
A．is B．will be C．would have been D．Would be
l-5 BBACC 6-10 BBDDA 11-15 CBABA 16-20 CDABBD