中考英语写作指导

中考英语考前写作指导
英语写作是学生学习的一个盲点，缺乏对写作的专门训练和反思，老师的工作量大，造成作文讲评大多数时候只谈现象，因此学生学得也不具体、不深入，忽略写作技能的提高，甚至误认为只要句子结构正确，无单词拼写错误就应该得满分。同学们应该走出对英语写作认识上的误区。那么怎样才能写出一篇优秀作文，而在中考中获取高分呢？
　　一、写作决窍
1根据提示总体把握主题，要点齐全；作文，审题尤为重要。首先要对提供的信息材料进行认真分析，整理，确定“中心话题”。如：“My Favourite Sport”这篇文章，中心字眼是Favourite（最喜爱的）。首先圈定大范围是sport（运动），关键还在于Favourite（最喜爱的）。在审清主题的基础上，同学们还需注意要审清文体。
不管信息是以文字，图表还是图画提供，我们都要把所给的要点一一在文中体现出来，决不能遗漏，对于图示作文，必须读懂画意，只有具体，透彻理解画意，我们才能确定“主题”，抓住要点，切入正题，不要为图中次要的内容所困绕。抓住要点，确定主题后，我们要在“谋篇”上下功夫，列提纲不失为一种好的形式（在阅卷中常常出现有的考生要点也全，拼写也准确工整，可就是得不到高分，主要一条，就是不注意“谋篇”，他们只是将要点一一译出），拟提纲时，中心要突出，条理要清晰，要将要点合理分布，连接，要善于取舍，不任意发挥，主次不分。
特别注意：抓要点，列提纲，善取舍
2 人称时态要一致、避免混乱，保证逻辑清楚；
　　3写出关键词汇，以动词或动词词组为主；组词成句，要求结构完整；
4 组句成文，要充分体用好连词连词；　　
5 字迹工整，卷面清晰；
6 简单句为主，从句适量，确保有层次感。
7 拼写规范，无语法错误，避免丢分。
　　二、写作步骤
　　1.认真审题。审题包括要点、格式、词数以及此篇文章的写作目的。
　　2.确定文体和时态。确定文体后，根据不同文体的特点和要求进行组织材料；同时确定出该篇文章的总时态与时态的变化。
　　3.写完要点，但不随意发挥。
4.先草稿，在草稿的基础上检查修改 ，文章的修改可以从四个方面入手。
用词方面。 ①代词的格和指代关系是否用得正确？②名词的单复数正确与否？③形容词的比较级和最高级用得是否对？④副词的位置是否合适？⑤动词的搭配是否准确。
句子方面。①句型结构是否完整？②主谓人称是否一致？③时态、语态、语气是否正确？④连句方法是否恰当？
段落方面。①段落主题句是否概括本段的中心思想？②扩展句是否都围绕这一主题，有无多余的句子？③句子之间是否连贯？④段落层次是否分明，是否合乎逻辑？
篇章方面。①文章主题是否合理自然？②段落之间过渡是否合理自然？③文章的文体及所用的组织方法是否恰当？④文章内容是否充实，有无遗漏？
检查无误后抄写到试卷上。
考前练笔
1 目前人们关注的话题之一就是甲型H1N1流感。
请根据下面的信息提示，写一篇短文。
现状： 1. 每天全世界有近1000人被确认（confirm）
感染H1N1流感病毒( flu virus)；
2. 绝大数病例都可以被治愈，只有少数病例死亡；
预防：
1. 养成良好的卫生习惯：勤洗手，健康饮食，充足睡眠，勤于锻炼……2. 远离流感症状病人；
3. 避免接触生猪;避免去人群拥挤场所；
要求： 把握要点， 适当发挥，不要逐字翻译。词数在100左右。
Recently, people are caring about H1N1 flu virus. Every day nearly 1,000 people around the world are have caught H1N1 flu virus. Most of the cases can be cured, only a few people have died.
The virus is spreading fast around the world. We should do something to protect ourselves. First, we should have good living habits. It’s good to wash our hands and air our rooms often. Eating a healthy diet, getting enough sleep and doing exercise are also of great importance. Second, we should keep away from the people with flu。Third, don’t touch the living pigs or go to the places full of people.
If all of us can do as what I say, you will become healthier and our life will be better. .
2 假如你是李林,当你得知神舟七号载人航天飞船成功发射的消息后,想告知笔友Allen.请你根据下面的提示, 给Allen 发一封电子邮件. 开头已经给出,字数80个字左右.
(1) 2008年9月25日晚上9时10分, 神舟七号载人航天飞船承载着宇航员翟志刚、刘伯明、景海鹏在酒泉卫星发射中心()成功发射升空,(2)9月27日16时30分航天员翟志刚首次进行出舱活动, 成为中国太空行走第一人。(3)9月28日17时37分神七返回舱成功降落
(4)所有华人都为之感动,自豪与激动.我们应当勤奋学习,强身健体,长大后为祖国争取更多的荣誉.
生词提示: 神舟七号载人航天飞船Shenzhou VII Manned Spaceship 酒泉卫星发射中心Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center 发射 send up 安全着陆 land back safely 荣誉 honour
Dear Allen,
I’m very excited to tell you that Shenzhou VII, carrying astronauts Zhai Zhigang, Liu Boming and Jing Haipeng, was sent up into space successfully from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center at 9:10 pm on September 25, 2008. Two days later, Zhai Zhigang went out of the spacecraft and became the first Chinese to walk in space at 4:30pm. On September 28, Shenzhou VII landed back safely at 5:37 pm.
All Chinese people are proud of this. We should study hard, do more exercise to keep us healthy so that we will get more honor for our country when we grow up.
Yours,
3 环境问题:今天环境变得越来越糟糕环境问题影响着人们的工作学习生活等而我们的工作生活生产等又使环境污染越来越严重..........如何保护我们的环境 请以“ How to protect/save our environment/world ”为题写一篇短文。提示:存在问题:1.水污染越来越严重 2.砍伐森林严重 3. 大气污染严重 4. 白色垃圾 等 要求 : 如何改善/保护环境 至少:3---4个方面, 80字左右的。51-5
范文: How to protect/save our environment/world
The environmental pollution is worse and worse /more and more seriously today . Water is polluted we have no clean water to drink Many trees are cutting down some animals is getting less and less. Some factories is poring dirty air in the sky the population is
increasing faster and faster resources is getting less and less…etc. Not only does it affect our lives and health it also has a great affection in the future. People’s health has been greatly affected by air noise and water pollution. Many people died of diseases. In order to live a better life we need protect our world.
We shouldn’t throw away rubbish everywhere. We want to recycle reduce reuse things .Don’t waste things. This saves money and reduces pollution. Use things for as long as possible. We don’t use plastic bags . We must plant more trees and stop the people cutting them .We hope our world is more and more beautiful.
4 卫生健康饮食:健康一直是人们关注的问题我校要举行以“关爱健康”为题的主题班会,请根据下表内容谈谈你的看法,写一篇80字左右的短文。51-
保持健康的重要性保持健康的方法保持健康的结论(你的看法 )
多吃水果蔬菜保持饮食平衡避免含糖高脂肪高的食物2.多锻炼健身强体;3.鄙弃不良习惯
How to stay our health /fit
Here is my advice about how to keep health/fit As a middle school student first you’d better do more exercise such as playing ball games running swimming and jumping rope(绳子). Then you should pay attention to your diet or meals. Don’t eat too much meat and sugar but more vegetables and fruit. Third you need enough sleep or rest. Next，keep yourself happy. As people often say smiling makes younger. Last you mustn’t drink wine or smoke .They are bad for your health. That is my advice. I hope you are healthy and enjoy your life. Thank you bye!
5、friend in need is a friend indeed.是一句谚语。请根据自己的理解和经验，参考所给的汉语提示，以《交友之道》为题写篇短文。 要点提示： 1．每个人都需要朋友，如何交友极为重要。 2．要交朋友，首先对别人要友好。微笑是吸引别人的吸铁石 (magnet)。 3．要使陌生人不管在何处，都能感到你的亲切。要关心别人胜过关心自己，不要以貌取人。 4．设法记住别人的姓名。 5．与别人有分歧时，不要争吵，要商讨。 6．不要相信那些在危机时刻背离朋友的人，因为“患难的朋友才是真正的朋友” Ways of making friends
Everyone needs friends, so how to make true friends is very important to anybody.
To make friends, you must be friendly to others. A smile is like a magnet that draws people. Smile at others and you are always sure to get a smile in return. You should do your best to make a stranger feel at home, no matter where he happens to be. Think as you are in his position.
Try to remember others'; names, which will make them feel that they have made an impression on you. If you don’t agree with others on certain matter, don’t argue but discuss with them. You should think more of others than of yourselve
6 某英文报举办“改革开放30年家乡的变化”主题征文活动。请根据下表提示，以“The Changes in Hometown”为题，用英语写一篇90字左右的短文。
过去 1．生活贫困，房屋破旧。2．污染严重，垃圾遍地。3．交通不便，游客很少。
现在 1．生活：住房宽敞明亮；许多人有自己的汽车2．环境：山更绿，水更清，天更蓝3．旅游：每年有成千上万来自各地的游客。
将来 请你展望家乡的未来。
The Changes in my Hometown
In the past, my hometown was very small. We lived a happy life; the houses were old and broken. The pollution was serious and there was litter everywhere. It was not easy to travel around, so there were few travelers. But now we live in big and bright houses, many people have their own cars. The environment is better, the mountain become grinner, water becomes greener, and the sky becomes bluer. So our hometown attracts thousands of travelers every year.
We should do take an active part in protecting our environment. I hope my hometown will become more and more beautiful in the future There will be more and more tourists coming to our hometown,
7 最近学校进行了“说出你的烦恼”的调查，请你用英语写一篇短文，内容包括：
1．50%学生认为作业多、压力大；2．30%的学生认为父母要求严、相互沟通少；
3．20%的学生认为活动少、体质差；4．说说解决的方法和措施。
要求：1.句子通顺,表达准确,可适当增加细节使内容连贯;2.短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数。 词数80左右
One possible version:
About fifty percent of the students in our school are worried about their homework.They have so much homework to do every day. And they feel stressed too much.About thirty percent of the students think their parents are too strict with them(in their studies)It’s difficult for them to get5 along /on well with their parents .The other twenty per cant of them day they are weak in health .They complain that they almost have no time for their hobbies or after-school activities.
Dear teachers, would you please give us less homework and more time to relax ourselves Dear mom and dad , we want to take more exercise to keep fit /healthy /stay healthy .We will try /do our best and we also want to play on our own.
假如你是《黄河口晚刊》的小记者，星期天和同学们一起参加了“庆祝中国六十华诞”系列活动。请根据下表所提供的信息，把当天的活动写成日记发布在校园网上。
出发时间 上午 8:00 活动日期 5月3日
活动地点 东营剧院 交通方式 公共汽车
主要活动 1. 8:40—10:00观看了国庆图片展览，拍照片；2. 10:15—12:15 聆听一位80岁的领导做的报告；3. 1:30—15:00 观看了一部非常有教育意义的电影。
你的感受 1. 中国发展之快，人民生活大大提高；2. 非常自豪：中国成功地发射“神舟七号”，成功地举办了第29届奥林匹克运动会；3. ……
你的祝愿 ……
要求：1. 日记应包括表格中所有的内容，可适当增加细节；2. 日记格式和开头已给出（不记入总词数）；3. 词数在90左右。
Sunday, May3 Sunny
I took part in the “China’s 60th Birthday Celebrations” series activities with my classmates today.
In the morning, we started at 8 and went to Huanghe Theatre by bus.
We had a lot of activities there. From 8:40 to 10:00, we watched the picture show of our country and took lots of photos. From 10:15 to 12: 15, we listened to a talk given by an 80-year-old leader. In the afternoon, we watched an educational film.
From the activity, I know China has developed so quickly that people have improved their lives. We are proud that we have sent up “Shenzhou 7” and have hosted the 29th Olympics successfully.
I hope our country will become stronger and more beautiful.
你是个好学生吗？好学生的标准是什么？请你根据下面几幅图画内容提示，谈一谈你眼中的好学生是怎样的？写一篇小短文，题目是 “A good student in my eye”。词数在100左右。
Every child wants to be a good student. But what is a good student I think each person may have different opinions on it.
In my eye, a good student should be hard-working. He should listen carefully in class and hand in his homework on time, though he may not get high marks in tests. Then I think a good student should also be polite to his teachers and parents. With their help, he can do well in study and grow up happily. Besides, he should be friendly and helpful to others, take part in all kinds of activities. At last, it’s necessary for a good student to have some abilities, such as drawing, organizing things well and so on.
In a word, I think a good student should not only be good at study or sports, but also have many good qualities. Do you agree with me
9月22日你所在的城市和另外107个城市开展了"无车日"活动，倡议人们选用公共汽车、自行车或步行等绿色交通方式来代替开私家车。该活动得到了全国人民的支持，提高了人们节约能源与保护环境的意识，活动很成功。
下面请你用英语写一篇短文介绍该活动，并谈谈开展该活动的必要性，号召更多的城市和居民参与到该活动中来。
注意： 1. 不要逐句翻译，可适当发挥，以使行文连贯；2. 词数：100左右。
3. 参考词汇： 无车日Car-free Day；
One possible version：
Car-free Day was organized in our city and 107 other cities on September 22， in order to encourage people to take public transport， ride bicycles or walk instead of driving private cars.
The activity advises people to save energy and protect environment. It's a real success.
With the development of the society， more and more families have bought private cars， and it causes much heavier traffic problems and more serious air pollution. soI think it's necessary to hold Car-free Day. And I hope more and more cities and their people will take part in this type of activity.
第十一届全国运动会将于2009年10月11日在山东济南开幕，我们东营市将举办全运会女排球项目。
现在开始招募志愿者，你想成为一名志愿者。请你用英文写封简短的应聘信，介绍自己的情况（见下表）表示愿意为全运会（National Games）做一些工作，请组委会给予考虑，并能尽早予以答复，词数：80左右。
姓名 李华 年龄 16
简历 我市某中学学生
爱好 绘画、体育、唱歌、演讲 交朋友
身体状况 健康
联系电话 0546--1356666
1.志愿者voluteer 2.作为work as 3.答复reply to 4.比赛contest
Sir/Madam,
I read your ad. in the newspaper yesterday. I’m writing to tell you that I’d like to work as a volunteer for t the 11th National Games .
I was quite excited when I heard the 11th National Games will be held in our city . My name is Li Hua. I’m sixteen. I have many hobbies, such as drawing, sports, singing, speeches,. I like making friends and I am ready to help others. In fact I’m healthy and strong.
If I am lucky enough to become a volunteer, I will try my best to do this job well. Hope the National games will be a great success.Please reply to me soon. My telephone number is 0546—1356666.
Yours sincerely
Li Hu
第十一届全国运动会将于2009年10月11日在山东济南开幕，届时来自全国各地的朋友汇集山东。
请你用英语写一篇短文，向各地朋友介绍一下你的家乡。
I live in Jinan.It'very beautiful.It's famous for the springs.It's said that there is 72 springs in Jinan.On the other side,there are many mountains here.The most beautiful mountain is Qianfo Mountain .It lies in the south of Jinan.Daming Lake is other sineary .In Daming Lake Park,swillows are here and there.Air is fresh.Fish is swimming freely.When you come here,you'll be fancinated by it. Quancheng Sguare which is in the middle of the city is a mordern work.
You are welcome to Jinan.
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