必修3词组复习讲解

人教版高一英语必修3词汇复习讲解
Unit 1
1.mean doing sth. 意味着;mean to do sth. 打算或企图做某事;
mean sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事 intend for sb to do
be meant for 打算作……用; 为…而有 be intended for--be intended to do
Eg. ---You should have thanked her before you left.
---I meant _____, but when I was leaving I couldn’t find her anywhere.
A. to do B. to C. doing D. doing so
Key: B
take place 发生；举行When will their wedding take place
happen 发生，指无计划、偶然发生的事；碰巧Those terrible traffic jams usually happen Christmas.
I happened to know him.
break out 灾难、疾病、战争等突然爆发 A fire broke out last night.
take sb.’s place / take the place of sb. = replace sb.代替
No one could take the place of his mother in his heart.=take his mother's place= replace his mother
She didn’t attend the meeting, so her assistant took her place (replaced her).
注意：take place, happen, break out 无被动
sth of all kinds =all kinds of sth 各种各样的---主谓一致看of前的名词
Questions of that kind are ---that kind of questions is
4.starve to death饿死 be starved of 缺乏,
starve for sth, starve to do,渴望-- long for/ to do; hunger for; be eager for
plenty of 大量; 充足+可数/不可数 days/years/ land...of plenty 富裕的日子/年月
6.be satisfied with感到满意 to one’s satisfaction感到满意是 satisfactory
7.do harm to sb.=do sb. harm 伤害某人= be harmful to sb = be bad for sb do bad to sb
8.in the shape of呈…的形状，以…的形式 in honor of / in search of
in memory of/ to the memory of sb.纪念某人 =memorizing
dress up 穿上最好的衣服;打扮,化装 Dress sb/oneself in +衣服 ==be dressed in/ as....
11.award sth.(to sb.)和award sb.sth.(for sth.) 给予、颁奖
reward sb. for sth. 因 …奖赏某人；reward sb. with sth.用某物酬劳某人 reward sb for sth因为...
as a reward=in return
She __________herself with a cup of coffee after a whole morning’s hard work.
admire sb. for sth在某方面钦佩某人
We all admire him for his courage and bravery.
13.hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸 lose one’s breath 喘不过气来
be out of breath 气喘吁吁，上气不接下气 breath-taking adj. 令人吃惊的
The 1000-meter run left Bill out of breath. The scene was breath-taking.
14,feast sb. on sth. feast one’s eyes on sth. 宴请
She will feast us ____dumplings. Our reporter feasted his eyes ___ the beautiful scene of Venice.
The evening party was a real feast for music lovers.大饱耳福
The book is a feast for the mind. 这是一本给心灵带来真正快乐的书。
15. turn up.来；出现;把(收音机等)音量开大些turn down 拒绝; turn off 关掉;
turn on 打开; turn out 结果是...... turn to sb. for help 向某人求助
16．keep one’s word 守信用；break one’s word, 失信
17．It be obvious that they will the election.显而易见；一目了然= Obviously .they will win ...
18．set off 动身, 出发; 使（地雷、炸弹）爆炸;
The old photos set off my homesick 这些旧照片勾起了我的思乡之情
The burning cigarette set off an explosion 燃烧的香烟引起了爆炸.
set up建立，创立 ; set down 写下，记下 set out to do = set about doing sth.着手做= get down to doing
19. arrival: The new arrival was a large healthy baby boy. 到达的人或物
The arrival of the train has been delayed. 到达，抵达
On/upon one's arrival at/ in...一到达=on/upon arriving at/ in ...
20.* _____ to you ______ your great success!
A. Celebration; for B. Celebrations; on C. Congratulation; for D. Congratulations; on
*Comrade Lei Feng will for ever be ______ a good example to all.
A. celebrated for B. congratulated for C. celebrasted as D. congratulated as
keys: D, C congratulate sb. on sth. 祝贺某人某事congratulations (to sb.) on sth. 祝贺某人某事
Celebrate sth 庆祝 赞颂 in celebration of为了庆祝...
21. offer:1). vt.offer sth to sb. 向某人提供某事 offer sb. Sth.
(主动）提供做某事 offer to do sth
We offered him the house ____ $2,000. We offered him $2,000 ____ the house.
He offered _________ (help) me with my English.
2). n. They made an offer of $20 million for the new plane.
offer sb. Sth. = offer sth. to sb. provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb.
Supply sb. with sth. = supply sth. to/for sb.
22. as though和as if从句用虚拟语气,还是用陈述语气。完全根据具体情况而定。
如果从句表示的意思与事实完全相反,或者纯粹是一种假设, 通常用虚拟语气。
虚拟语气(从句所用的时态比前面真实句所用的时态倒退一个时态.)
The child talks as if she were an adult. 那孩子说话的样子好像她是个大人。
She loves the boy as if she were his mother. He behaved as if/ though nothing had happened.
He talks as if/though he knew everything. He looks as if he were ill.
2. 陈述语气（表示很可能的事实就用陈述语气)
It looks as if/ though it is going to rain.
***as if 还可用于省略句中 如果as if 引导的从句是“主语＋系动词”结构，可省略主语和系动词，这样as if 后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词（短语）、介词短语或分词。
如： He acts as if （he was） a fool． 他做事像个傻子。
Tom raised his hands as if （he was going） to say something． 汤姆举起手好像要说什么。
She left the room hurriedly as if （she was）angry．
Unit 2
a healthy diet健康饮食; a balanced diet平衡的饮食 be/ go/ on a diet put sb on a diet
2. benefit n. 利益，恩惠，益处(u/c) 具体的好处(c）
Did you get much/a lot of /little benefit from your holiday
The new factory will be a benefit to the town.
Rebuilding the canal has already brought many benefits to our national economy.
(be) of benefit to 对……有益be beneficial to
The book was not of much benefit to me.
for sb.’s benefit 为帮助某人，为某人的利益= for the benefit of sb.
The money is to be used for the benefit of the poor.
vt. 对……有益；得到利益
benefit from / by 从……中受益
Ninghai Middle School benefits us a lot.
I benefited a lot from his advice. You will benefit by a holiday.
3. combine vi, vt. （使）联合，（使）结合combine sth. with / and sth. 把……和……联合起来
The two countries combined together against their enemi
They combined their efforts to finish the work.
We should combine work with bination
4. rather than而不是，与其…宁愿连接两个并列成份
The color seems green rather than blue. He ran rather than walked.
rather … than … 是……而不是，应……而不应
This is rather for father to decide than for you. I am rather bored than tired.
Would rather do A than do B
He would rather stay at home than go out.
5. cut down 削减； 压缩； 减少 砍倒
We must cut down our expenses/prices.
He ought to cut down his smoking.
If you cut down all the trees, the environment will be ruined.
Cut across 穿过；横越 Cut in 插嘴；强行超车 Cut up 切碎 Cut off 切断(电，水供应），。。。
6. provide sth. for sb. provide sb. with sth. 提供某人某物
They provided him with money and clothes.
They provided money and clothes for him
offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb.
I offered my seat to the old man.
Supply sb. with sth.= Supply sth to/for sb
Who supplies you with books The bookstore supplies all the books to us.
Provided/providing conj. 如果……的话，只要
He will do the work provided you pay him.
7. Energy [ 常U] 精力，活力，干劲 （U)能量energetically adv.energetic adj. 精神饱满的,精 Though he is old, he is still energetic.
enegy指精力。power动力, 权力；strength力气, 力量; force力, 武力。
8. balance n. 平衡，均衡；(常u）balanced adj. a balanced diet
He lost / kept his balance and fell from the ladder.
We should maintain a balance between work and play .
天平（可数） a spring balance 弹簧秤 （收支）差额、余额）
I will pay you the balance when I get my check.
vt./vi 保持……的平衡；平衡；使收支相抵, 权衡
He can balance on the tight rope.
Be sure to balance the expenditure with the income.
balance the pros and the cons 比较正反两方意见
balance the advantages against the disadvantages 权衡得失
9. be/get tired of sth/doing/sb 对…厌烦 tiring work 累人的工作
be tired with 因..感到疲 be tired out 精疲力竭= be worn out
10. put on weight= gain weight lose weight watch one’s weight 控制体重
11. Consult vt. 咨询；请教；商量 Consult sb. on / about sth Consult with sb.
I consulted George about buying a car.
If symptoms persist, consult a doctor without delay please.
I consulted with a friend on taking a trip during the holiday.
12.in debt to sb = in one’s debt 欠 某人的债，受某人的恩惠
13. Limit Vt. 限制；限定 n. 界限；限度 … to … 把…限定在…内
to the limit 达到限度 within limits 在一定范围内 beyond/ over the limit 超过限度
set a limit on/ to 设定…的限度
We must limit our spending/speed.
Families are limited to four free tickets each.
There is a limit to what I can do for you.
Unit 3
1. know about 意为“了解；知道…的情况”，通常指间接了解某人或某物
Many students want to know about the differences between American English and British English.
know 意为“知道；认识，了解，熟悉”，为及物动词，通常指直接知道或了解某人或某物
We have known each other since young.
know of 意为“听说过，知道(有…)”，通常指间接地听说某人或某物
I know of the town but I’ve never been there.
be known as 作为…而出名，被称为 be known for 因…而出名 be known to …所熟知
2. bet n. 打赌，打赌的钱；v. 打赌
win / lose a bet 打赌赢了/输了 accept / take up a bet 同意与别人打赌
I bet == I’ll bet 我敢说，肯定 (=I’m sure) I bet it will rain tomorrow.
you bet 的确，当然 (=certainly)
-“Will you tell her ” -“You bet”
I made a bet that I shouldn’t pass.
I bet a dollar that he’ll win
3. a large sum of money / a large amount of money 一大笔钱
只用于修饰可数名词的有： a great / good many; a large / great number of; large / great numbers of
只用于修饰不可数名词的有： a great / good deal of; a large amount of; large amounts of
既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词的有：
a lot of ; lots of; plenty of; a large quantity of; large quantities of
Large quantities of water ____ needed to plant the trees in this area.
A. is B.are C. have D. has Key: B
a (large) quantity of＋不可数名词或可数名词;做主语，谓语动词与of后的主谓一致 (large) quantities of＋不可数名词或可数名词;做主语，谓语动词一律用复数
a large amount of+不可数名词”作主语，谓语动词通常用单数;
“large amounts of+不可数名词”作主语，谓语动词通常用复数。
　　[考例1] As a result of destroying the forests, a large _____ of desert ______ covered the land.[2001　　A. number; has B. quantity; has C. number; have D. quantity; have key: B
　　[考例2]With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth _____ each year.[2005山　　A. is washing away 　B. is being washed away C. are washing away　D. are being washed away D
4. sight 、 scenery、view 、 scene
Scenery un.，含不管是否映入眼帘的风景
Sight cn. ，往往指眼前的景色，如供人游览的“景”和“名胜”，但尤指人工制成的景。。
One of the beautiful ______ is the castle.
Do you enjoy the ten famous ____ of the West Lake be out of sight
view常指从远处或高处看到的scenery的一部分; There is a lovely ____ from this window .
scene指展现在眼前的情景/场景，大多包括景物中的人及活动
另外，scene还可指舞台的场景。There is a happy_____of children playing in the garden.
The ____after the earthquake was horrible.
5. Well, towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea…
towards / toward prep. 快到(某时间或年龄)
_____ evening / morning / dusk
She must be ____ fifty.
We should arrive ____ nine o’clock.
6. find oneself … 发现自己(处于某种状态)，不自觉地…
He found himself in trouble .
She found herself more and more interested in English.
Dick found himself walking in the direction of the park.
give up for dead/lost :以为死了/找不回来了
His pulse was so weak that the doctor gave him up for dead.
The boy was given up for lost.
7. spot v. 使沾上斑点，弄脏；(在人丛中)看到，认出
when I was spotted by a ship.
His collar was _____ with ink.
I easily _____ him in the crowd because he was very tall.
spot n. 斑点，污点；场所，地点
That’s a coffee ____on your tie.
The scandal left s ____ on his reputation.
This must be the very ___ where the accident took place.
The police were on the spot within ten minutes.
Anyone breaking the rules will be asked to leave on the spot.
on the spot 在现场；当场，立即
8. in a rude manner
Hold your knife and fork in this ____. Listened to their stories in an interested _____.
manner n. 方式，“…地”态度，样子
His embarrassed manner as he entered increased her doubt.
He had an absent-minded manner.
manners n. 礼貌；习俗
It is bad manners to talk with your mouth full.
She has written a book on the social morals and manners of the seventeenth century.
8. regret + n.
regret doing sth.后悔做了某事
regret to do sth.很遗憾要去做某事
regret +that从句
I didn’t regret the choice I had made
I regret _________(tell) him about that.
I regret ___________ (tell) you that you failed the exam.
I regret that I will be unable to attend.
N. 悔恨, 懊悔
Much to my regret, I didn’t go with them
The company expressed deep regret at the accident.
9.其他词组
1. lead the way 带路 2. go right ahead 说下去 3. as a matter of fact 事实上
4. work as an unpaid hand 免费劳动 5. account for 导致 6. to be honest 坦白地说
7. account for your behaviour 对行为做出解释 8. be jealous of the others' success 嫉妒别人的成功
9. show a willingness to do sth. 表示乐意做谋事 10. stay out of jail 免坐牢
11. be reserved被预定 12. take the gentleman’s order 让绅士点 13. take a chance 碰碰
Unit 4
1. in time: sooner or later; eventually 迟早;最终 I’ll see him in time.
in time (for sth. /to do sth.): not late及时；不迟 She will be back in time to prepare dinner.
in time of在...时 on time at times有时=occasionally at a time 一次
at one time 曾经　 at the same time In no time 立刻,马上
for the time being 暂时 from time to time 不时地
2. depend on / upon 依靠，依赖，指望；由…决定，取决于…
You cannot depend on your parents forever.
You cannot depend on him to come on time.= You cannot depend on his coming on time.
我们的成败取决于是否每个人都努力工作Our success depends on whether everyone works hard or not.
It (all) depends. = That (all) depends. 得看情况，那得看情况(而定)
我可能会去那，但要看情况而定。 I may go there, but that depends.
3. presence [U]在场，出席，参加 <反> absence
He sighed his name in the presence of two witnesses.
He was calm in the presence of danger.
in the presence of 当…的面，在…在场的情况下，在…面前
present adj. 出席，在场 <反> absent；现在的，当前的；n. 现在 at present
4. spread (spread, spread) v. (消息等)传开，流传；传播，散布；蔓延
The news spread through the school very quickly.
The radio spread the news as soon as it happened.
The fire spread from the factory to the houses nearby.
vt.铺开，展开He spread (out) his arms to welcome us.
spread sth. on / over sth. 将某物铺在某物上I spread a new cloth on the table.
spread sth. with sth. 用某物铺盖某物He spread the table with a cloth.
5. atmosphere 大气，大气层；(某一环境内的)空气；气氛
Man must stop polluting the earth’s atmosphere.
The atmosphere was hot, and flavored with gas and cigar smoke.
We all like the cheerful atmosphere of Christmas.
愉悦的气氛充满了整个房间。An atmosphere of joy filled the room.= a friendly atmosphere
6.dozens of 几十个，许多，很多I’ve been there dozens of times.
dozen n. 一打，十二个；<作定语> 一打的They sold three dozen copies of the magazine.
Eggs are sold by the dozen. 蛋是按打卖的。By the hour/ day/ pound
7. mass n. 质量[U]；团，堆，块，大量 a mass of / masses of 许多，大量+可数/不可数
A mass of information has been brought in. She has a mass of things to do.
The masses are often the makers of history. 人民，群众
8. now (that) because of something or as a result of something 既然
Now that you’ve passed your test, you can drive on your own.
9. get the hang of sth.学会…的做法/诀窍；理解…的意思/道理/观念
10. Multiply v. 乘: 增加
Our homework have multiplied since we came to high school.
Mosquitoes multiply rapidly in summer.
Unit 5
1. be on a trip to... 在去……的旅途中 a pleasant trip一路平安 round trip来回票
2. as well as conj.既……又……
e.g.The editors as well as the proofreaders are working overtime.
as well也；又；同样（通常放于句末，作状语）
It has been a great grief for him as well.
3.surround vt.环绕，围绕,包围
Eg.The fence surrounds the school. 篱笆环绕着学校。
a city surrounded by suburbs 被郊区包围着的城市
惯用语:be surrounded with (by)被……环绕着;周围都是……
4. remain vi.保持,保留，仍然是 remain in one’s mind留在记忆中
e.g.These matters remain in doubt. Only a few trees remain.
a cure remains to be found 尚待发现的疗法
remain vi.还有 “逗留,剩余”的意思。
E.g.We are remaining at home.我们留在家里。
5. It’s a wonder... 难得；奇怪的是
e.g.It’s a wonder you recognized me.难得你还认得我。
(It’s) no wonder 难怪；并不奇怪；当然
No wonder he is not hungry;he has been eating sweets all day. 难怪他不饿，他整天在吃糖果。
6. around prep.大约，左右 around 20 people大约20人
e.g.Come around four.大约在4点钟来。
There are around 80 pyramids in Egypt. 在埃及大约有80座金字塔。
7. in the distance 在远处,在很远的那边
e.g.I could see the bus coming in the distance.
at a distance相距,相隔
keep one’s distance保持一定距离，客客气气
8. population n.人口(数字);(全体)居民
e.g.What’s the population of the country
This city has a population of more than 1 000 000.
1.问人口多少用what提问,不用how much/many。
2.表示人口很多用a large population不用much/many/more等
have dinner in downtown Chinatown在市内的中国城吃晚饭 go downtown到市区去
downtown n.城镇中心区 e.g.live in downtown New York 住在纽约闹市区
downtown adv.在市区,往市区 adj.市区的go/live downtown去/住在商业区
10.. at dawn黎明 from dawn to dusk
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