英语：unit2 witnessing time单元学案（牛津译林版版选修9）

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Module 9 Unit 2
Witnessing time单元学案
【目标要点】
一、重点单词 二．重点短语
1．_______________n. 政治 1．________________对……产生影响
2．_______________adj. 神圣的 2. ________________ 夺取对……的控制权
3．_______________vt.击败，战胜 3. ________________ 在……的名下
4．_______________n.偷窃 4. ________________展出；展览
5．_______________n.摩擦，争端 5. ________________做出……的姿态
6．_______________adj.持续的，稳定的 6. ________________ 对……仁慈
7．_______________n.一致同意 7. _________________被指控犯……罪
8．_______________vt＆vi.打扰，使恼怒； 8. _________________判处死刑
9．_______________adv.秘密地 9. _________________ 焦点；活动中心
10．______________vt.扩大，放大 10._________________ 除了
11．______________n. 发起人，赞助商 11._________________ 从……方面来说
12．______________adv.先前，以前 12._________________在……的保护下
13．______________n.保险 13._________________按时完成
14．______________n.综合体，集合体 14._________________主要部分
15．______________n.装饰，装饰品 15._________________ 追溯到
16．______________vt.检查，视察 16._________________生（孩子）；产生
17．______________n.承认，认可；识别 17._________________对……不忠
18．______________n.管理；规则，条例 18._________________增加
19．______________vt.珍惜，珍爱 19._________________是……所在地
20．______________n.最后期限 20._________________ 为 …… 做好准备
三、词汇联想
1.professional adj.--_____________n. 2.ignorance n.--________________v.
3.symbolize v.--________________n. 4.appoint v.--__________________n.
5.explosion n.--________________ v. 6.drama n.--___________________adj.
7.impress v.--_______________adj. 8.permit v.--___________________n.
9.deliberate adj.--_____________adv. 10．expose v.--__________________n.
四．重点句型
1．The film is boring, ____________(其音乐也是如此)。
2．The gallery _________________(收藏了许多现代艺术作品)。
3．I hadn’t seen him for many years, but he ___________________(一点没变)。
4．He went straight along the dark street ____________________(没有意识到危险)。
5．___________________(他在这城市住了很久), he knew it well.
6．____________________(坐落在第二个庭院)，Ling’en Palace adds to the impressiveness and beauty of Changling.
7．Preservation to the Ming and Qing Tombs ______________________(被给予了极大的关注)in recent years.
8．The Great Pyramid ___________________(总被和埃及联系起来)。
9．On the top of the hill _________________(耸立着纪念阵亡英雄的纪念碑).
10．________________________(他把一生积蓄投资到了他儿子的事业) after he retired.
五、语法精讲
分词
分词有现在分词与过去分词两种，分词保留有动词的一些特征。
I.分词的句法作用
1.作定语
单个分词作定语一般放在它所修饰的名词前，但有时也可放在名词后；分词短语作定语必须放在被修饰的名词后。例如：
The woman teacher giving us oral lessons is from America.
Some of the experiments described in the book are easy to perform.
注：分词作定语与动词不定式作定语的区别是：现在分词表示主动，进行之意，过去分词表示被动与完成，而不定式表示在谓语动词表示的动作之后即将发生的动作
例如：
The question discussed at the meeting is quite confidential。
The question being discussed at the meeting is quite confidential.
The question to be discussed at the meeting is quite confidential.
2.作宾语补足语
现在分词作宾语补足语表示动作正在进行，宾语是动作发发出者；过去分词做补语补足语具有被动意义，宾语是动作的承受者。可带宾语补足语的常用动词有see, watch, hear, find, notice, leave, smell, have, get, make等。在由“have, get, see +直接宾语+过去分词”的句型中，表达的动作不是由主语所指的人做的，而是由别人做的。例如：
My hair is too long. I am going to have it cut.
We found the path covered with snow.
3.作状语
分词及分词短语作状语可表示时间，原因，条件，结果，让步，方式或伴随情况。分词（短语）可以放在句首也可放在句末，通常用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。分词前可带“when, while, as, once, until, if ”等连接词。例如：
Walking along the street, we found a purse lying on the ground.
Being very tired, he fell asleep immediately.
Having failed several times, they didn’t lose heart.
He was sitting at his desk, looking at his watch.
4.作表语
现在分词作表语多表示主语具有的特征；过去分词作表语多表示主语的状态，要特别注
意区分下述常用现在分词与过去分词。如： amazing， amazed ；exciting ，excited ； interesting interested ；surprising ，surprised；boring，bored ；inspiring ，inspired ；moving ，moved ；discouraging，discouraged；delighting，delighted；disappointing，disappointed；encouraging，encouraged；pleasing，pleased；puzzling，puzzled；satisfying，satisfied；worrying，worried 例如：
The young generation is quite promising.
My home village is surrounded by beautiful hills.
II．分词的时态和语态
分词保留了动词的一些特征，具有时态和语态的变化，但过去分词只有一般式，见下表。
1．构成（以study和go为例）
及物与不及物动词 时态 语态类别 及 物 动 词 不及物动词
主动语态 被动语态 主动语态
现在分词 一般式 Studying being studied Going
完成式 having studied having been studied having going
过去分词 一般式 studied Gone
2．用法
(1) 一般式：现在分词的一般式说明分词表示的动作和句中谓语动作同时发生或表示分词表示的动作发生后，句中谓语动作立刻发生；过去分词的一般式说明分词表示的动作在句中谓语动作之前发生或者某些持续性动作的分词表示与句中谓语动作并无先后之分。例如：
One day a few weeks later I found myself sitting in a village house， facing an old man of about eighty.
(2) 现在分词的完成式：现在分词的完成式表示的动作在句中谓语动作之前发生，具有主动意义。例如：
Having finished reading the book, she put it aside.
Not having received an answer, I wrote again.
(3) 现在分词的被动式：一般式现在分词的被动式表示的动作和句中谓语动词表示的动作同时发生；完成式现在分词被动语态表示的动作在谓语动词表示的动作之前发生。例如：
The building being built is for the professors of our institute.
Not having been tested, this new-type oil pump can’t be put into production.
III. 分词复合结构
分词短语在句中作状语，一般没有自己的主语，句中的主语通常就是分词短语的逻辑主语，但有时分词短语可有自己的主语，有名词或代词表示，放在分词短语之前，他们之间有着逻辑上的主谓关系，这种结构即为分词复合结构，也称为分词独立结构。分词复合结构主要有以下形式：
1.分词逻辑主语+分词
Everything having been prepared, they began to make a new experiment.
The meeting being over, we held a discussion.
Weather permitting, we shall make a trip to Mount Tai
2.由with（或without）+分词逻辑主语+分词
With night coming on, bats came out.
He left the room angrily, without a word more spoken.
3.由There being +主语构成
There being a lot of books to read, he often studied till midnight.
There being nothing important, she didn’t want to trouble you.
4.分词复合结构的逻辑谓语部分如果是“系—表”结构，分词being常常不出现，而仅有表语，常为形容词，副词，名词，介词短语或不定式。例如：
The question (being) easy, I got full marks.
The war over, all the Chinese People’s Volunteers came back to China.
5.独立的分词短语
有些分词短语和句中的主语并不发生直接的关系，大多已构成固定的习惯用语，仅起插入语作用，可看作独立成分。例如：
Generally speaking, this book is not very interesting.
Judging from your accent, you must be from Shandong。
非谓语动词专练
1. I smell something ____ in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute (2007全国)
A. burning B. burnt C. being burnt D. to be burnt
2. --- The last one ______ pays the meal.
--- Agreed! (2007全国)
A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving
3. He is a student at Oxford University, ____for a degree in computer science.(2007北京)
A. studied B. studying C. to have studied D. to be studying
4. After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother’s voice_____ him.(2007上海)
A. calling B. called C. being called D. to call
5. The Town Hall ______ in the 1800’s was the most distinguished building at that time. (2007上海)
A. to be completed B. having been completed C. completed D. being completed
6. --- Can I smoke here (2007江苏)
--- Sorry. We don’t allow _____ here.
A. people smoking B. people smoke C. to smoke D. smoking
7. He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them ______ in his lectures. (2007江苏)
A. interested B. interesting C. interest D. to interest
8. My parents have always made me ______ about myself, even when I was twelve. (2007江苏)
A. feeling well B. feeling good C. feel well D. feel good
9. Jenny hopes that Mr Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English _____ in a short period. (2007福建)
A. improved B. improving C. to improve D. improve
10. ---- come on, please give me some ideas about the project. (07福建)
---- Sorry. With so much work ______ my mind, I almost break down.
A. filled B. filling C. to fill D. being filled
答案：1---10 ACBAC DADAB
【典型试题】
1.in terms of 意为”就….来说,从……方面来说”例如:
In terms of salary, the job is good, but it has some disadvantages.
就薪酬而言,这份工作挺好,但他也有一些不足之处.
【例1】 _______ achievement, last week’s ministerial meeting of the WTO here earned a low, though not failing, grade.( 湖南2006)
A. In terms of B. In case of C. As a result of D. In face of
【点拨】选A. 句意:就成就而言,上周在这儿举行的世贸组织部长级会议尽管没有失败,但首先甚微. In case of 万一,以防; as a result of 由于;in face of 面对,面临.
2. economical 意为”节约的,省钱的, 经济的”. 例如:
She is an economical housekeeper, and feeds her family cheaply. 她勤俭持家,一家人吃得很省.
【例2】 Small cars are ______ of fuel, so they have more appeal for consumers.(上海2006 春)
A. free B. short C. typical D. economical
【点拨】 选A句意: 小型汽车省油,所以它们对消费者更有吸引力.
3. add
add… to… 把… 加在….上 add to 增加, 增强
add up to 加起来总和是, add sth up 把…加起来
例如: Do you want to add your name to the list 你想把你的名字加到名单里吗
The bad weather only added to our difficulties. 恶劣的天气只是增加了我们的困难.
【例3】There have been several new events ______ to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.(北京 2006)
A. added B. to added C., adding D. added
【点拨】选D 句意为: 已有几个新的比赛项目增添到2008奥运会计划中. add 过去分词做后置定语.
【考点演练】
一、单项选择 从Ａ、Ｂ、C、D　四个选项中选出最佳答案
1. No one has had _____ greater impact on _____ Western civilization than ____ ancient Greeks.
A. a; the ; the B. a ; / ; the C. the ; / ; the D. / ; the ; /
2.I feel sure that ____ qualification, ability and experience, you are abundantly suited the position we have in mind.
A. in case of B. in terms of C. in the opinion of D. in the course of
3. It rained continuously for about 3 hours on the way, completely ______ his appointment with the interviewer. .
A. ruined B. to ruin C. ruining D. ruins
4. The beginning of the story is excellent, _____is the ending, _____ leaves us much to think.
A. as; that B. so; that C. as ; which D. such ; which
5. By improving reading skills, you can read faster and understand more of ________you once thought impossible to understand.
A. that B. what C. which D. whether
6. This novel is ____ in the modern city, San Francisco , so once ____, it will be very popular.
A. put; publishes B. set; having published
C. put; publishing D. set; published
7. Increasing the public’s awareness of environmental protection is _______ of improving our eco-system.
A. part and parcel B. first of all C. safe and sound D.back and forth
8. We should keep in learning new knowledge and getting informed of latest technology to ______ the advance of times.
A. keep up with B. keep pace with C. keep in touch with D. keep in with
9. He had once been _____ with drug dealings, but evidence found later proved his innocence.
A. accused B. sentenced C. charged D. tried
10. _______ no classes on on Sunday, most students stay at home.
A. There are B. There have C. There being D. There having
11. The Ming Tombs are located _______ of Beijing in a place called Shisanling.
A. northwest B. in northwest C. on the northwest D. the northwest.
12. __________ on such a hot afternoon, the swimming pool was very busy.
A. Not surprising B. Not surprised C. No surprise D. Not surprisingly
13. ---- Which team won the game
----_______. I am not interested in rugby.
A. Sorry, you’ve got me there. B. Never ask me.
C. I don’t know. D. Let me think
14. --- May I smoke here
--- If you ____, choose a seat in the smoking section.
A. should B. could C. must D. may
15. There was_______ women had no right to vote, could not go to college _______ choose their jobs.
A. the time when; and B. a time when; or
C. in time then; or D. some time when; and
二、阅读理解
A
Stepping into a pool of water is common enough, but who could ever imagine stepping into a pool of fish In February of 1974, Bill Tapp, an Australian farmer, saw a rain of fish that covered his farm. How surprised he must have been!
What caused this strange occurrence This is a question that had long puzzled people who study fish. The answer turned out to be a combination of wind and storm. When it is spring in the northern part of the world, it is fall in Australia. Throughout the autumn season, terrible storms arise and rains flood the land. The strong winds sweep over Australia like huge vacuum cleaners (吸尘器) collecting seaweed, pieces of wood, and even schools of fish. Strong winds may carry these bits of nature for many miles before vacuum dropped them on fields, houses, and astonished people.
Although they seem unusual, fish-falls occur frequently in Australia. When Bill Tapp was asked to describe the scene of fish, he remarked, "They look like millions of dead birds falling down." His statement is not surprising. The wonders of the natural world are as common as rain. Nature, with it infinite wonders, can create waterfalls that flow upward and fish that fall out of the sky.
1. What is this passage about
A. A wonder of rain. B. The Climate in Australia's northern part.
C. A rain of fish. D. The damage done by floods.
2. Fish-falls occur in Australia _____.
A. quite often B. not so frequently C. only in winter D. when the air is calm
3. The word "infinite" is closest in meaning to ___.
A. easy B. difficult C. countless D. dangerous
B
WHAT causes traffic jams Too many cars, right No! Some Brits are now saying that traffic lights are to blame for much of the congestion. They suggest that traffic lights be removed at busy intersections.
The Conservatives are proposing that white lines, signs and traffic lights be removed from Britain's high streets. They believe people are a better judge of when it's safe to go , not a traffic light programmed by an absent regulator.
A report from the Institute of Economic Affairs, a UK think tank, argues that abolishing traffic signals would decrease congestion, reduce exhaust ( 排气 ) emissions and improve safety.
The report said that removing lights would also prevent other bad behavior caused by signals, such as speeding up to catch a green light or rushing to avoid red lights. It would also avoid the wasted time when drivers have to sit at a red light even if no one is using the green.
The idea may sound strange, but it's not new. Seven cities and regions in Europe are experimenting with no-lights roads.
Drachten in the Netherlands has gotten rid of 16 of its traffic light crossings and converted the other two to roundabouts under a "shared space" scheme. At junctions ( 交叉处 ), cyclists dutifully raise their arm when they want to make a turn, and drivers follow a first-arrived, first-through approach and communicate by hand signs, nods and waving.
The result Typical journey time has been cut in half, and accidents and congestion have mostly disappeared.
There have been small collisions but no problem, said Hans Monderman, initiator of the scheme. "We want small accidents, in order to prevent serious ones. It works well because it's dangerous. The driver has to be responsible for his or her own risk.
"The many rules strip（夺去） us of the ability to be considerate. We're losing our capacity for socially responsible behavior," Monderman added.
So far, Drachten's residents have called the experiment a success. "I am used to it now," said Helena Spaanstra, 24. "You drive more slowly and carefully, but somehow you seem to get around town quicker."
Tony Ooostward, 70, was equally enthusiastic. "I am a walker and now you are the boss at the crossroads: everyone waits for you. But at the same time pedestrians wait until there are a number of people wanting to cross at the same time."
Owen Paterson, UK's Shadow Transport Minister, visited Drachten. He said Britain should learn from the model. "The idea is to create space where there is mild anxiety among everyone so they all behave cautiously. No one thunders along at 130mph on a high street thinking that they have priority."
The model is being tested in London's Kensington neighborhood. 21ST
4. Which one may be the best title of the passage
A. The Best Way to Avoid Traffic Jams. B. A Strange Idea.
C. Turn Those Traffic Lights Off. D. What Causes Traffic Jams
5. Which of the following statements is TRUE？
Ａ. Some Brits suggest all traffic lights should be removed from the streets.
B. Britain has succeeded in carrying out the “ no-lights roads ” scheme.
C. With the “ no-lights roads ” program, residents’ sense of social responsibilities can be improved.
D. Seven cities and regions in Britain are experimenting with no-lights roads.
6. From the passage we can infer that in Drachten, _________.
A. walkers and drivers seem to have some consensus on how to pass the crossroads
B. residents can get to their destinations faster since there are no more accidents
C. the idea of no-lights roads is learned from Britain
D. the writer is completely for the “ no-lights roads ” program
三、书面表达（ 共25分）
“岁月不待人”（Time and tides wait for no man）是众所周知的一条谚语。用英语写一篇短文，说明其中的事理。可用下列思路来写：
1. “岁月不待人”是一条不朽的真理。 时间从不为任何人或任何事而停顿。
1. 人们对待时间的不同的态度。
1. 有人认为时间永远用不完， 所以把今天的事推到明天去做。
1. 另外一种认为， 时间是有限的。
1. 作为高三学生对待时间的态度。
要求：1.可适当发挥，增加细节， 不要逐条翻译; 2.词数：150个单词左右。
Module 9 Unit 2
I. 1. politics 2. sacred 3. defeat 4. theft 5. friction 6. steady 7. consensus 8. bother 9. secretly 10. enlarge 11. sponsor 12. previously 13. insurance plex 15. decoration 16. inspect 17. recognition 18.regulation 19. treasure 20.deadline
II. 1. have an impact on 2. seize control of 3. under the title of 4. on display 5. show mercy to /have mercy on 6. in a gesture to do sth. 7. be charged with/ be accused of 8. sentence to death 9. focal point 10. apart from 11. in terms of 12. under the protection of 13.meet the deadline 14. part and parcel 15. date from/date back to 16.give birth to 17. be unfaithful to 18. add to 19. be home to 20. in preparation for
III. 1. profession 2. ignore 3. symbol 4. appointment 5. explode 6. dramatic 7. impressive 8. permission 9. deliberately 10. exposured
IV.
1.as is its music 2.houses many works of modern art 3. was no difference 4.without being aware of the danger 5.Having lived in the city for a long time 6.Located in the second courtyard 7.has been given serious attention 8.is always be associated with Egypt 9.stands a monument to the heroes who died in the war 10.He invested his life savings in his son’s business
考点演练
I: 1-5 BBCCB 6-10DABCC 11-15 ADACB
II: A) CAC B) CCA
III. One possible version
“Time and tide waits for no man.” is a proverb that is well known by all.Simple as it is, it tells an everlasting truth of life. Since time never stops for anyone or anything. How can people make good use of it
People may have different attitudes towards it. Some think time is never to be used up. If today ends, there is still tomorrow. So they often leave today’s work till tomorrow. In the end they will succeed in nothing. Some people have opposite opinion.They know the limit of time, so they think the time used on study and work takes only a small part, which really counts.
Time is limit and precious for us senior grade –three sudents , so it is necessary that we should make full use of time to master the knowledge we are learning. We should make a good preparation for the entrance examination.
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