英语：unit1 building the future单元学案（牛津译林版版选修10）

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Module10 Unit 1
Building the future单元学案
一.重点单词
1.___________ adj.政治 2. ______________ adv.现在，目前
3. __________ adj.全球的,世界性的 4. ______________ n.失业
5. __________ adj.营养的 6. ______________ n.灌溉
7. __________ adj.依靠的，依赖的，随……而定的 8. ______________ vt.偿还,报答,回报
9____________vt./vi.(使)变弱,削弱 10. _____________n.创造力
11.__________adj.电的, 用电的 12.______________ adj.有毒的
13.__________vt./vi.操作,手术 14.______________adj.传统的,常规的,老套的
15._________ adj.系统的,有计划 16.______________vt.夺走(生命)
17__________ vt.将…定为目标 18. _____________ vt. 发起运动
19._________ vt. 给……提供动力,驱动 20. _____________ adj 可供选择的
二. 重点短语.
1. __________以非常快的速度发展 2. ___________给……施加压力
3. __________另外,此外 4. ___________根据
5. __________处在抉择的关键时刻 6. ___________导致收成损毁
7. __________毫无疑问 8. ___________为饥荒收难者募集资金
9. __________一生填饱肚子 10. __________集中于……
11. _________负债 12. ___________年长者
13. _________展示, 炫耀_ 14. ___________将…付诸实施
15. _________处于危险状 16. ___________只要
17. _________努力争取 18. ___________促成, 导致
19. _________处于危险中 20. ___________在可预见的未来内
三. 词汇复习
1. doubt
(回归课本) It is without doubt and on amazing achievement, but is it enough (P2)
(归纳拓展一)
n. (C/U) 怀疑, 疑惑, 不确定
……doubt about/as to sth. 关于…… 的怀疑
……doubt (about/as to) +whether/if (用于肯定句) 对某事是否…… 持有疑问
…… doubt that (用于否定/疑问句) 怀疑……
(以练促记) 根据所学知识完成下列句子.
I ______ his words. 对于他的话是否真实我有些怀疑.
_______ he is the best man for the job. 他是不是担任那项工作的最合适人选,有些怀疑.
_______ his success. 毫无疑问, 他一定会成功.
_______ we did the right thing. 毫无疑问我们做得对.
(归纳拓展二)
beyond/out of doubt(副) 毫无疑问地, 确实地 in doubt(形) 不肯定,不确定
no doubt(副) 确实地, 必定地 without doubt(副) 无疑地, 必定地
(归纳拓展三)
vt. 怀疑, 疑惑, 不相信
doubt + n. doubt + whether/if (用于肯定句) doubt + that (用于否定/疑问句)
(以练促记) 根据所学知识完成下列句子.
________________________. 似乎没有理由怀疑她所说的话.
______________ he will keep his word.我怀疑他是否回遵守诺言.
I ____________ she would come.我从未怀疑过她会来.
(重点提示)
doubt 无论是作名词还是动词用,用在否定/疑问句中后面如接that 从句; 作动词用时, 在肯定句中后接whether/if 从句, 作名词用; 否定句中有接whether 从句只能用于肯定句.
(归纳拓展四)
adj. doubtful 在怀疑的,不确定的
doubtful about (doing) sth. 不确定, 怀疑 doubtful whether/if/that 未必; 难说; 不大可能
2. on top of
(回归课本) On top of this, according to the United Nations, hunger and malnutrition claim ten million lives every year.(P2)
(归纳拓展一)
prep. on top of 除此之外,而且 on (the) top of 在……上面
(以练促记) 根据所学的知识完成下列练习.
He lost his wife _________ he got ill. 他的妻子过世, 更糟的是, 他自己又生病了.
He put his books______________. 他把他的书放在她的上面.
(归纳拓展二)
on top adj./adv. 在上面 on top of the world adj. 非常幸福的 from top to toe/bottom adv. 从头到脚
3. claim (回归课本) hunger and malnutrition claim……(P2)
(归纳拓展一)
claim sth 值得,需要,夺去生命,要求 sb claim (that) 声称…… ;断言 sb claim to do 声称曾经……
(以练促记) 根据所学知识完成下列练习.
The earthquake __________.那次地震夺走了数千条人命.
They ______________.他们要求报酬.
He claimed (that) he had seen the picture.= He ___________ the picture.他声称他曾看过这幅画.
(归纳拓展二)
n. 要求, 主张 (C/U) (要求的) 权利,资格
make a claim 提出主张/要求 give up a claim 放弃要求
4. target (回归课本) …… which targets people most at risk (P2)
(归纳拓展一)
vt. target sb./sth. 把….. 作为目标
Our bombers went out today to target the enemy airport. 我军轰炸机今天出击, 以敌人的机场作为轰炸目标.
(归纳拓展二)
n. 靶子, 目标
an easy target 容易击中的目标;容易受攻击的人
5. alone (回归课本) …… food aid alone is not enough……(P3)
(归纳拓展一)
adj. 只有……; 仅仅……
(以练促记) 根据所学知识完成下列练习.
You cannot _____________. 你不能单靠吃肉生活.
_____________ answer the question. 只有她能回答这个问题.
(重点提示) 当alone 作此意解时, 只能置于相关名词或代词之后,而only 只能作前置定语.
(归纳拓展二)
adj./adv. 独自的,孤独的,单独的
(辨析比较)
alone 作形容词用,意思为 “单独,独自一个人”, 不带感彩.
lonely只作形容词用,意思为 “孤独的,寂寞的”, 表示主观上 “孤独,寂寞”,可作定语,也可作表语.
(注意) 作形容词时, alone 不能和very 连用,应要说 much alone, very much ;而lonely 则可以受very 的修饰.
(归纳拓展三) leave/let…… alone 不理会
6.go (回归课本) There is a saying that goes……(P3)
(归纳拓展一)
vi.(文句等) 表达为…… + (adv.) 流传, (谣言等) 散布 + (adv.) (事情)进展,进行 + (adv.)
(机械等) 动, 运转 + (adv.) (通道等) 通, 达, 延及 + (adv.)( 不可用进行时)
(以练促记) 根据所学知识完成下列练习.
___________________. 他所说的话在此地流传.
His lecture _______________. 他的演讲进行顺利.
I dropped my watch and now ______________. 我的手表掉在地上, 现在不走了.
This route ________________. 这条路线延伸到东部.
(辨析比较)go, read, say, write
go 意为 “(文句等)表达为……”, 强调(诗或歌中词/调) 唱,说或指(故事等)发生情况如何, 如,
How does that song go 那首歌怎么唱
The story goes that she’s been married five times. 据传她结过五次婚.
read意为 “ 应读作,写着,写成是……”, 强调的是 “告示,信或段落等书写的内容.如,
The sign read “No admittance”.告示牌上写着＂禁止入内”.
I’ve changed the last paragraph. It now reads as follows……我已经修改了最后一段,现在是这样写的……
say 意为 “写道,说,指示”,强调 “ 书面材料或可见的东西” 所提供的信息,很多情况下能与read 连用.
The notice said “Keep out”.告示上写着 “禁止入内”.
The clock said three o’clock.时钟显示三点整。
The book doesn’t say where he was born.书上没说他是在哪儿出生的。
Write意为 “写道”,强调 “书面陈述,以(文字)说”.如，
In his latest book he writes that the theory has since been disproved.
他在最近的一部书里写道,那个理论后来已被证明不能成立.
(归纳拓展二)
变成(某种状态) + adj. 处于(某种状态) + adj.
His face ___________________. 他气得满脸通红.
Many people __________________ all over the world.世界上很多人还在挨饿.
7.handy(回归课本) I enjoy writing stories on my mother’s handy old typewriter, and I have always wanted to write novels.(P9)
(归纳拓展一) adj. 手边的, 近便; 有用的; 易使用的;手巧的
(以练促记) 根据所学知识完成下列练习.
__________ 你手头有钢笔吗
This dictionary _____________. 这本词典很好用.
She __________ her needles. 她擅长针线活.
(归纳拓展二)
come in handy vi. 有时侯会有用
Don’t throw that away --- it might come in handy.别把它扔掉--- 它或许有用.
8 thousands of (回归课本) Now thousands of tourists……(P11)
(归纳拓展一)
thousands of 数以千计的 tens/hundreds of thousands of 数以万计的t
housands upon thousands of 数以万计的
(归纳拓展二)
a thousand and one 大量的, 好多的 one in a thousand 少有的, 千里挑一的
by the thousands adv. 成千上万地
9.electrical (回归课本)... to have a shower, to boil water, to power electrical equipment and to turn oil into petrol. (P14)
(辨析比较) electrical/electric/ electronic
electrical adj. “ 与电有关的”, 作定语. 如, electrical engineering 电机工程 an electrical engineer电机工程师
electric adj. “ 电的(由电操纵或由电产生的) electric power 电力 an electric car/fan/lamp/outlet 电车/电风扇/电灯/电源插座
electronic是形容词, 意思是 “电子的”. 如, electronic computer 电子计算机 electronic mail 电子邮件 electronic organ 电子琴
10.run out ( 回归课本) some people believe that oilfields and coal seams will run out in the foreseeable future. (P14)
(归纳拓展一)
vi. (事物)用尽,结束,完了,(期限)到期 vt. 使(某人) 跑得筋疲力尽
(以练促记) 根据所学的知识完成下列练习.
Our food_________. 我们的粮食快用尽了.
The contract___________ on June 30. 那合同将于6月30日期满.
Smith_________ before he reached the goal. 史密斯还没到终点就筋疲力尽了.
(辨析比较)
run out vi. run out of vt. 将…… 用光,买光,缺乏
Our food will soon run out.
We will soon run out of our food.
(重点提示)
相近意思的词组有:
give out vi. ( 食物等 ) 用尽; 筋疲力尽 use up vt. 用尽,吃光
(sth) run short(某物)快用完,(钱) 不够用了 (sb) run short of sth 快用完(某物)
11. push for
(回归课本) This is why many people are pushing for the use of alternative energy sources. (P15)
(归纳拓展)
push (sb) for sth. 不断要求,争取,催促
They ___________ on GM foods.他们正强烈要求取缔转基因食品.
I’m going to have to push you for an answer._________________________.
12. kind of
(回归课本) Today , different kinds of windmills……(P15)
(归纳拓展一)
a kind of 一种…… ……kinds of …… 多种……
(重点提示)
This kind of book is interesting.= Books of this kind are interesting. 这种书很有趣.
(归纳拓展二)
kind of =sort of adv. 多少有一点,有几分
I feel kind of cold. 我觉得有点儿冷.
四. 句型复习
1. so……that 引导结果状语从句
( 回归课本) The concert also received so much attention around the world that it put great pressure on politicians and statesmen to do something about the famine.(P2)
(归纳拓展一)
结果状语从句一般有 so, so that ,so……that, such……that 引导,放在主句之后.
(归纳拓展二)
such (so)…as 与such(so)…that 的区别;
such(so)…as 引导定语从句,as 在句中是关系代词,从句的成分; such(so)…that 引导结果状语从句,that 只作连接词用.
(以练促记) 根据所学知识完成下列练习.
This is such an interesting film_____ is popular with all the people.
He shut the window with such a force______ the glass broke.
2.one ,it , that
(回归课本) This is a simple idea, but one which is hard to put into practice. (P19)
(归纳拓展)
one 代替可数名词, 泛指 “ 任何一个”, 常用来替代前面上文中的 “ a/any +名词”, 特指时用the one ;one 用于指同类中的一个; 前面可以加修饰语,但应与a,the,this等连用.
it既可以代替可数名词,也可以代替不可数名词,它代替的是前面提到的同一物, 也可以代替上文中提到的某个句子或句子中的一部分; 前面不加修饰语.
that 代替前面提到的可数或不可数名词, 复数为those,表示特指,一般来讲,that 所替代的名词是被定冠词所限定的.
(以练促记) 根据所学知识完成下列练习.
These books are so useful that I decide to buy _______.
There was only one copy so I bought ______ at once.
I prefer the weather of Nanjing to ___ of Beijing.
注意: 当one 用作同位语时,后面定语从句中关系代词的使用一定要慎重.如,
Liu Xiang’s breaking the world record was an exciting moment,_______ all of us will never forget.
A. that B.one that C. what D. 不填
例1．--- The last one _______ pays the meal.
--- Agreed! (07全国I)
A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving
【点拨】 本题考查不定式的用法.
【解析】当名词前有last, only,序数词或最高级等词修饰时, 通常用不定式作定语.
答案: C
例2．--- What should I do first
--- The instructions ___ that you should mix flour with water carefully first. (06 浙江高考)
A. go B. tell C. write D. say
【点拨】本题考查动词辨析.
【解析】 “ 说明书上说或写着时”要用read 或say.
答案: D
五、高考链接
【典型例题】The murder was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back。
A. being tied　 B. having tied　　 C. to be tied　　 D. tied　　
【点拨】本题考查 “with + n. +复合结构” 的用法.
【解析】 with +名词（代词）+分词+介词短语结构。当分词表示伴随状况时，其主语常常用with来引导。由于本句中名词"手"与分词"绑"是被动关系，因此用过去分词，选D.　
【考点演练】
一、单项填空
1．After running for a whole day, his physical strength_______.
A used up B ran out of C. has run out D has given
2. The contract also received so much attention around the world that it _____ politicians _____ something about the famine.
A. under great pressure; to do B. under great stress; doing
C. put huge pressure; to do D. put great pressure; for
3. She was frightened of the big dog, even though it___ barked at her.
A alone B lonely C rarely D merely
4. America has something similar______ our country’s economic development but different _______ political policies.
A. from, to B. with , from C. to, from D. from, with
5 Olympics will be hosted in Beijing. We didn’t have enough money to watch the live game, ____, we’ll see it on TV.
A. Therefore B. Luckily C Furthermore D Instead
6. Such a decision about new holiday_____ three traditional festivals have been added is well received by the whole nation.
A why B that C whether D as
7. Taiwan suffered such a big earthquake in June _____ few residents had ever experienced before.
A as B which C and it was D that
8. Japan is different from china mainly _______ it is a bureaucratic country.
A in that B for that C in which D for which
9. ---- How is your life in Australia
---- oh. Everything ______.
A is gone smoothly B goes smooth C goes smoothly D is gone smoothly
10. the explorers soon reached ______was once a vast ocean _____ there were no people living.
A what; where B what; when
C where; which D where; which
11. My computer doesn’t work again , I’ll have to have it ____once.
A. set B. repaired C. fix D. mend
12. the sky was flooded with black clouds, and _____it poured a heavy rain.
A. following B. followed C. to follow D. follows
13.Many great people, such as Newton and Edison had experiences of this kind, _____themselves _______to be mad.
A. with; regarding B. with ; regarded C. for ; regarding D. like; regarded
14. These years I’ve been working very hard in order to ____ my own career some day.
A. turn up B. fix up C. set up D. make up
15. the volcano eruption last year, as was reported, ____people’s lives.
A. claimed B. survived C. missed D. saved
二、完型填空
A land free from destruction(破坏), plus wealth, natural resources ,and labor supply—all these were important 1 in helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution.2 they were not enough. Something 3 was needed to start the industrial process. That “something special” was men—4 individuals who could invent machines, find new 5 of power, and establish business organizations to reshape(改造)society.
The men who 6 the machines of the Industrial Revolution 7 from many backgrounds and many occupations. Many of them were 8 inventors than scientists. A man who is a 9 scientist is primarily interested in doing his research 10. He is not necessarily working 11 that his findings can be used.
An inventor or one interested in applied science is 12 trying to make something that has an actual 13. He may try to solve a problem by using the theories 14 science or by experimenting through correct and error. Regardless of his method, he is working to obtain a 15 result: the construction of a harvesting machine, the burning of a light bulb, or one of 16 other objectives.
Most of the people who 17 the machines of the Industrial Revolution were inventors, not trained scientists. A few were both scientists and inventors. Even those who had 18 or no training in science might not have made their inventions 19 a ground work had not been laid by scientists years20.
1. A. cases B. reasons　　 C. factors　　　　 D. situations
2. A. But　　 B. And C. Besides　　 D. Even
3. A. else　　　　 B. near　　　　　 C. extra　　　　 D. similar
4. A. generating　　 B. effective　 C. motivating (动机) D. creative
5. A. origins　　 B. sources　　 C. bases　　　　 D. discoveries
6. A. employed　　　 B. created　　　 C. operated　　 D. controlled
7.A. came　　　 B. arrived　　　 C. stemmed　 D. appeared
8. A. less　　　　 B. better C. more　　　　 D. worse
9. A. true　　　　 B. practical　　 C. pure　 D. clever
10.A. happily B. occasionally C. unwillingly D. accurately
11. A. now　　 B. and　　　 C. all　　　　　　 D. so
12. A. seldom B. sometimes　 C. usually　　　 D. never
13. A. plan　　 B. use　　　　 C. idea　　　　　 D. means
14. A. of　　　 B. with　　　　 C. to　　　　　　　 D. as
15.A. single　 B. only　　　　　 C. specialized　　 D. specific
16.A. few B. those C. many　 D. all
17.A. proposed　 B. developed　　 C. supplied D. offered
18.A. little　 B. much　 C. some　 D. any
19.A. as　 B. if　 C. because　　 D. while
20.A. ago B. past C. ahead　 D. before
三、阅读理解
A
　Paris (Reuters)---- It’s summer in Paris and the French capital is preparing to offer bikes for anyone who wants to take a ride.
By July 15, the city plans to park 10,648 bikes at 750 stations and nearly double that by 2008 ,with riders able to take bikes from one station and drop them off at another. Work on “Velib”(short for free bike in French) is just starting, but it is already sparking enormous interest.The concept evolved from utopianbike-sharing programs in Europe in the 1960’s, aimed at reducing the use of cars and cutting down on traffic congestion and air pollution.The most famous case was Amsterdam---- a failure because bikes were either stolen or too beaten-up to ride. Now many cities are giving it a go again by partnering with advertising firms that will provide bikes equipped with anti-theft systems in return for city-wide advertising opportunities.
In the residential 15th district in southwestern Paris, a parking spot next to a corner café is being adapted to become a fleet of beautiful grey bicycles.
“I think the program is a good thing , and it helps reduce the number of cars on the street,” said Jean-Michel Bourdet, who owns a nearby video store.
“I used to ride bikes all the time, but they all kept getting stolen. I am going to start riding again,” he said.
1. What is the purpose of this bike-sharing program
A. offer free ride for the poor people B. offer free ride for those who don’t want to use public transportation
C. cut down on traffic jams and air pollution. D. encourage people to use public transportation
2. What did Paris do to ensure the success of the program
A .increase the number of bikes B. open more stations
C. partner with advertising firms D.offer wider city advertising opportunities.
3. What can we infer from the passage
A more people will buy bikes B the city will become cleaner
C few people will take buses D fewer cars will be stolen
B
When Anthoney Kluk set off for Leeds University to read physics with two Asand two Bs in his pocket he thought it was going to be the first day of the rest of his life: a bright new start in a brave new world. It didn’t quite work out likethat.
“Once I got to university I found myself repeating the material I had studied for the last two years. I was forced to spend hours in the laboratory doing what can only be described as watching paint dry.” “And since Leeds was filled with alcohol-fuelled distraction, as well as my complete lack of motivation, I started every day with a hangover. I decided to cut my losses and start my career.” One year into his course he dropped out. Two years on he is happily employed as a corporate banker. Similar self-doubt has also crept into the campuses of Oxford and Cambridge. None of this is what Toney Blair wants to hear with his vision of a country where half the population is university-educated.
At first glance the need for a degree is no-brainer. Professions allow entry only to graduates, and many companies insist on recruits people with a degree---or even two. Yet employers also insist that a degree alone is not an accurate measure of employability; indeed 40% of them believe the qualification has become devalued. Some of the most important skills---- innumeracy , literacy and communication ---are supposed to be instilled in school but are still lacking in many students emerging from university.
4.What attitude does the writer take towards universities in Britain
A. positive B. negative C. objective D. subjective
5. Why did a student dropped out of the university
A. because the material was old B. because he lacked motivation
C. because it was a waste of time D. because many students drank
6. From the passage we can infer________.
A. employers only hire a person with a degree
B. a recruit with a degree can always do a better job
C. most of important skills are learned in schools
D. many graduates lack basic skills which should be gained at school
四、任务型阅读
阅读下篇短文，然后根据短文内容在表格的每空处填一个恰当的词。
Some people believe that greed and selfishness has become the basis of modern society, and we should return to the old traditions of family and community then we will have a better life. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the above opinion
In this fast-paced world, many values are undergoing major changes. While people traditionally prioritize caring, sharing and generosity in life and work, modern people seem to be more self-absorbed and self-concerned.
Modern people act selfishly to survive the harsh competition of life. They say that it is a jungle out there. To survive, you have to fight with whatever means that come handy. Obviously greedy and selfishness go perfectly well with such ideas. In a company, employees do everything they can to get better pay and higher position, even at the cost of colleagues. We are in any way advocating any selfish conduct. It is just that people are pressured to act in a certain way due to outside influences.
In spite of common practice, it is hard to conclude that modern society is built on greed and selfishness, both of which are not newly invented vocabulary. In ancient times people also did greedy and selfish things though such behaviors were more condemned then. But we can not ignore the fact that people in the past lived a relatively more isolated life and faced less pressure compared with their modern counterparts.
Are we happier to share with others and be generous to them There is no fixed answer either. Some people take great pleasure helping and giving to others while others feel happy doing the opposite. But I personally think that people should not be too selfish. Caring for others can actually encourage the development of a mutually beneficial relationship.
In conclusion, modern people appear to be more self-centered than those in the past due to strong outside pressure. However, we should encourage people to know the importance of being caring and generous and to build a mutually beneficial relationship with others.
Are Modern People Becoming More Selfish
Main comparisons Contexts
__1__ are changing In the past people put caring, sharing and generosity in the first ____2____.
Nowadays, people seem to be more ____3____about themselves.
___4___are changing too. People in the past appeared to be modest and self-effacing(谦让的).
People may strive to achieve their own __5___ at the price of their coworkers.
The author’s understanding
___6____ for the changes in author’s eyes Fierce __7___ and great __8___on modern people may be responsible for the changes.
The author’s ___9____towards topic A relationship which can ___10___ two sides should be establishd.
五、书面表达（满分25分）
最近中国政府已作出决定，将中国民族传统的除夕、清明、端午、中秋等节日作为国家法定节日。中国历史悠久、文化灿烂、节日众多，请你以”Chinese important traditional festivals”为题，用英语写一篇150词左右的短文，谈一谈你对此规定的感受，节日的意义及影响。
短文应包括以下内容：
1． 你听到此规定后的感受。
2． 节日的历史及中国文化的象征，节日活动的含义。
节日在世界的地位、中国经济的发展及对节日的影响。
Module 10 Unit 1
一、1-5 CCDCD 6-10 BAACA 11-15 BABCA
二、1. C2. A 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. C　9. C 10. D11. D12. C 13. B14. A15. D 16. C 17. B 18. A 19. B 20. D
三、 1. C 2. C 3. B 4.B 5. C 6. D
四、任务型阅读
1．Values 2．place 3．concerned 4．Behaviours 5．goals 6．Reasons 7．competition 8．pressure 9．attitudes 10．benefit
五、
Nowadays our Chinese government has declared that some Chinese traditional festivals are our national legal holidays, we Chinese are very happy.
China has many important festivals based on its long history .The festivals symbolize Chinese culture. On the New Years’ Eve every family will get together to say goodbye to the last year and welcome the new one. People will carry out some actions in honour of their dead ancestors on Qingming. People will hold a dragonboat match and have zongzi to memorize the great poet Qu Yuan on May 5. On the evening of Mid-autumn Day, Chinese will celebrate the day by eating moon cakes and enjoying the moon.
These traditional festivals promote Chinese culture, keep up families and show off the close relationship between people. They will attract more and more foreigners to visit and learn about China. I am sure Chinese people will lead the traditional festivals to the world.
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