Unit 1 Great Scientists 整单元课件

课件14张PPT。Grammar
V-ed as Attribute and Predicative
1.an honored guest
2.They are cleaning the fallen leaves
in the yard.（=leaves that have fallen）(被动)(完成) V-ed 作______定语
单个的过去分词作定语放在被修饰的名词________，表示______和______。前置前面被动完成一位受到尊重的客人他们正在打扫院子里的落叶。
a guest who is honored (by people)1.They had beef and ________ for supper.
A. smoking fish B. fish smoking
C. fish to smoke D. smoked fish
2.The _____glass cup was_____ by John.
broking, broken
breaking, breaking
broken, broken
broken, breakingV-ed 短语作______定语，通常放在被修饰的名词_____，它的作用相当于一个______.后置后面定语从句a. It came from the river polluted
by the dirty water.
b. It came from the river which was polluted by the dirty water.
Describe the pictures using v-edthe Great Wall built by Chinese people中国人The Story of Ah Q written by Lu Xun (which is written by Lu Xun)(which is built by Chinese people)1. I have read plenty of plays ________ by Shakespeare.
written B. wrote C. write D. writing

2. The first textbooks ______ for teaching English came out in the 16th century.
to be produced B. produced
C. being produced D. having produced1. There was a terrible noise ____ the sudden burst of light.
followed B. following
C. to be followed D. being followed
2. What’s the language ____ in Germany?
A. speaking B. spoken
C. be spoken D. to speak
V-ing 与V-ed 作定语的区别（1）V-ing表主动， V-ed表被动boiling water
boiled water
the changing world
the changed world
the rising sun
the risen sunV-ing 与V-ed 作定语的区别（2） 正在沸腾的水已经烧开的水正在发生变化的世界已经变化了的世界正在升起的太阳升起了的太阳V-ing表动作正在进行， V-ed表动作已经完成作表语的过去分词，在主-系-表句型中，说明主语所处的一种状态。其中包括系动词在内的多种形式。1.You seem frightened.
2.They are excited.
3.He looked worried after reading the
letter.
4.When we heard of this, we were
deeply moved.
系动词的分类：“似乎类”：“感觉类”： “变成类”：“仍然类”：基本形式：Be( am, is, are)seem, appear, lookfeel, sound, smell, tastebecome, go, get, grow, fall, turnremain, continue, stay, keep1. The door remained ________ .
A. locked B. to lock C. locking D. lock
2. He looks very ________ .
excite B. exciting
C. excited D. to excite
What he said was __________ (encourage).
We were ______________ (encourage )at what he said.
The football game is very ________(bore).
We were _______(bore) at the football game.V-ing 与V-ed 作表语的区别encouragingencouragedboringboredV-ing 修饰物，翻译为“使人感到---”
V-ed 修饰人，翻译为“感到”A. The library is closed.
B. The library is closed at six.
C. The library is closed by the teacher.系表结构表示主语的特点或所处的状态，强调主谓关系。被动语态表示动作，强调动宾关系。标志：行为执行者由by短语来表示；有具体的时间，表示当时的动作。
区别“ 系动词+过去分词（系表结构）”和“系动词+ 过去分词（被动语态）”
（系表结构）
(被动语态）(被动语态）
All the doors are locked.
All the doors are locked by the guard.
He is buried here.
He is buried here in 1925.（系表结构）
（系表结构）
(被动语态）(被动语态）课件17张PPT。Language Points1.John Snow attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.
2.All his friends attend his wedding.
3.Doctors and nurse attend （to）patients.
4.I may be late – I have got one or two things to attend to.
参加照顾
处理照顾今天，他要照顾病人和处理很多问题。Today, he needed to attend his patients and attend to a lot of problems.eg: 1. The wolf opened its mouth
to ______ a row of sharp
teeth.2. Don’t ______ your skin ___the sun; your skin will be hurt.exposeexposeexpose to 露出暴露eg: The police began to look into the case,
but the eyewitness was afraid to _______
the murderer. Meaning?“to make known; to tell the truth”
揭露exposeNeither its cause or its cure was understood.a. Neither his parents nor he ______ (be) there.
b. Neither his face nor his clothes ______ (attract) me.
c. Not only he but also I ____(like) the movie.wasattractlikeneither--- nor---, either---or---, not only---but also---, there be 等要遵循就近原则。1.The doctor will_____ you.
2.Aspirin is said to be a
wonderful _____ for the pain.curecurecurecure 动词，名词 治疗
“cure sb. of sth.”表示“治好某人的病；纠正某人的不良行为”。3.The doctor cured her of a bad cold.
That will cure him of his bad habits.
He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found.The class is controlled by the young teacher.The young teacher is in control of her class.
The class is in/ under the controlled of the young teacher
同义句反义句The class is out of control.The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.常用be absorbed in sth/doing sth.表示“专心于某事”。孩子们在专心地学习The children are absorbed in studying.It seemed that the water was to blame.常用结构为blame sb for sth (把某事归咎于某人)，sb. be to blame for sth(应受责备；对某坏事应负责任)， They blamed him for the delay of the plan. 他们怪罪秘书造成计划延误。那次交通事故不应该责怪司机.
The driver was not to blame for the traffic accident.
The new bridge will link the sea to the mainland.linkHe found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.1.The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air.
2.To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examed.Suggest 做“表明、暗示”讲时，宾语从句用陈述语气。suggest 做“建议”讲时，宾语从句用虚拟语气。即 “(should) + 动词原形”His work suggest that he ___ (be) a careful man.
The look on his face suggested that he ____ (be) happy.
I suggested that the homework should ______ (be) examed.
The teacher suggests that the students ____ (do) reading exercises everyday.
iswasbedo某些表示“建议、命令、要求”的动词，宾语从句用虚拟语气。即 “(should) + 动词原形”
一个 “坚持”（insist）， 两个“命令“（order，command），三个 “建议”（suggest，advice，propose），四个 “要求”（demand, ask, request, require.）
1.John Snow insisted that the source of the water supplies ____ (be) examed.
2.The headmaster demands that all the students should ____ (go) to sleep before 11 p.m.obego lead to 导致，通向 All roads lead to Rome.1.条条大道通罗马◆◆ Only if you put the sun there did the movements
of the other planets in the sky .
=The movements of the other planets in the sky make sense only if you put the sun there. e.g.. 1）Only if your identity has been checked, _____.
A. you are allowed in B. you will be allowed in
C. will you allow in D. will you be allowed inD“Only + 副词 /介词短语/状语从句” 位于句首,
主句要倒装。
2）Only then did I realize the importance
of knowledge.
3）Only in this way can we work out the
maths problem.make sense◆ make sense 有意义，有道理，说得通
1）What you say makes no sense.
2) It would make sense to leave early.
3) Can you make sense of this poem?
你说的话没有道理还是早点走好。 （是明智的，合理的）你看得懂这首诗吗？（理解或弄懂）课件30张PPT。Listening & Speaking
Qian Xuesen is one of the best-known scientists in China. His work has been very important for the development of China. 1What do you know about Qian Xueseng?Qian XueSen (1911-)“Father of China's Aerospace” & “King of Rockets” Qian Xuesen (1911- ), a native of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, went to the United States to study in 1935. In 1955 he returned to China, and in 1958 he joined the Communist Party. He served successively as Director of the Institute of Mechanics under the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Vice-Minister of the No. 7 Ministry of the Machine-building Industry, Vice-Minister of the State Commission on Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense and Chairman of the China Association for Science and Technology. He was also elected alternate member of the Ninth through Twelfth CPC Central Committees. Qian played a leading role in the research, manufacture and testing of carrier rockets, guided missiles and satellites, thus making outstanding contributions to the development of China's aerospace industry. Look at the pictures and predict the
content of the listening.1Listening and speaking神舟5号 神舟6号 神舟7号 It’s about the role of Qian Xuesen in the development of space technology in China.Listening and speaking2. Listen to Parts 1 and 2 of the tape for the first time and write down the main idea.1. What did Qian study first?3. Listen to Part 1 again and answer these questions.2. What experience did he get in America that was useful for China? In America he began to work on space rockets so that he was able to develop a space program when he came back to China.?3. What was Qian Xuesen’s main achievement when he returned to China?Qian Xuesen first studied to be an engineer. When Qian Xuesen returned to China he set up a Space Institute to begin training people in how to design and build rockets.4. Listen to Part 2 and fill in the chart below.Chinese astronauts in space
Chinese satellites in spaceBecome a rocket scientist
Be the first to land on Mars and put Qian Xuesen’s pictures there A GREAT CHINESE SCIENTIST
Father of the Chinese space programme
Yu Ping is talking to her friend Steve Smith about Qian Xuesen and his work as a rocket scientist. Listening textYP: What do you want to be when you
grow up?
SS: I want to be an astronomer and visit
stars. I wish to visit Mars one day.
YP: I think I'd like to work in the space
industry too. I'd like to be a rocket
scientist like Qian Xuesen.
SS: What did he have to do to become a
rocket scientist?YP: Well, he first studied at university to
be an engineer. Then he was lucky
enough to go to America to study for
his doctor's degree. It was then he
began to work on rockets there.
SS: So it was lucky for our space
programme that he came back to
China.YP: Very lucky. There was no work on
space rockets before he began his
institute in China to design and
build rockets to go into space.
SS: Do you think he wanted to travel
into space in one of his rockets?YP: I have no idea but I believe he
looked forward to the first space
flight by a Chinese astronaut.SS: Yes. China, has already sent
satellites into space. I hope that
we’ll be the first to land on Mars.
That would really be something
special and if I were that astronaut I
would put Qian Xuesen's picture on
Mars to show how much we admire
his work.YP: Indeed. He is called the father
of the Chinese space
programme. He is my hero
and he is why I want to be a
rocket scientist.SS: Well, we'd better get on with our
homework. We need good grades
to get into university.
YP: Right you are. See you, then.
SS: See you.In groups discuss a scientific job you might choose in the future.What job do you want to do?
What education will you need?
What personality will be needed?
How long will the training take?
What work experience would be useful?
How will you prepare for this career?These questions may help you:I always wanted to … because …
The experience I will need is…
I need to practise …
I think I’m good at … so …
I’ll need some training in …
I might find it difficult to …
My greatest problem will be to…These expressions may help you:MIKE: What do you want to do when
you grow up?
LI RU: I want to build robots. I will have
to do a physics and mathematics
degree in China. Sample conversation: After that I hope to go abroad
to Reading University in
England where you can study
all about robots. There is a
special cybernetics(控制论)
department there.
MIKE: Why personality will be needed
for that job?LI RU: They have a lot of uses: for
example, in making cars on
a production line or doing
other repetitive jobs.
MIKE: What personality will be
needed for that job?LI RU: I think I need to be patient
for my ideas will take a long
time to develop. I also need
to be creative enough to
have good ideas.
MIKE: What experience will be
most useful to you?LI RU: I think technology and
engineering projects. I hope
to work in a factory in my
holidays.
MIKE: What kind of person makes a
good inventor?LI RU: I think someone who is happy to
persevere at something and
learns from his mistakes.
MIKE: Thank you. I think designing
robots sounds fun.Unit 1 Great Scientists
教案
Period 1 Warming up & Vocabulary
Teaching Aims:
1. Get to know some new words and expressions. Focus on: put forward, theory, black hole, radium, steam engine, characteristics, examine, draw a conclusion, analyse, repeat, attend, contribute, apart from, creative, co-operative, positive, strict, enthusiastic, cautious.
2. Know some great scientists and their achievements.
3. Analyse the common qualities these scientists share and revise how to describe people’s characteristics.
Difficult and Important Points:
1) Word study
2) Describe main contributions of the great scientists.
3) Make up a dialogue between two scientists about their inventions/discoveries and their plan for the future.
Teaching Methods:
1. Analysing
2. Individual & Pair work
3. Teams match
Teaching Procedures
Step 1 Leading in
Introduce some famous scientists and their achievements, and then do the quiz.
1. Can you remember them? ( Stephen Hawking & Yuan Longping)
Have a revision of the expressions: theory, black holes, super hybrid rice.
2. Play a guessing game. Show sentences one by one about scientists’ contributions, and let Ss guess who they are. Ss should compete to answer as soon as possible. Then share some famous sayings by the great scientists, to inspire Ss to learn from them. Each student represents his/her team and gains points for his/her team.
Step 2 Warming up
1. Try this quiz and find out who knows the most. (Pair work to finish the Quiz Questions on P1.)
Give Ss enough time to understand the questions in the quiz, and they are allowed to discuss with their partners. T walks around to give help.
2. Check the answers with the whole class. Then ask Ss about these scientists. If they don’t know, show the further introduction to these 10 scientists.
1).Archimedes (an ancient Greek mathematician & physicist)
2).Charles Darwin (British, author of The Origin of Species )
3).Thomas Newcomen (British, improved the first steam pump and turned it into a steam engine for taking water out of mines in 1712 .James Watt improved it and turned it into the first modern steam engine used on the railways. )
4). Gregor Mendel (Czech)
5).Marie Curie (Polish and French, won two Nobel Prizes)
6).Thomas Edison (an American inventor)
7).Leonardo da Vinci (a famous Italian artist)
8).Sir Humphry Davy (British)
9).Zhang Heng (Chinese, invented seismograph)
10).Stephen Hawking (a British astronomer)
Step 3 Brainstorming
1. Now that we’ve learned so many great scientists, let’s draw a conclusion about them. What common characteristics do they have?
Attention: In this part, Ss may list many other adjectives which they have learned before to describe scientists. So the major job of T should be leading in these new expressions and make some connection between the old and the new, for example, bright can be equal to clever or wise, strict can be similar to serious, co-operative means work along well with others, enthusiastic means full of love for their jobs, and so on. So it is better for T to explain the new words in English-English way. But if the Ss are not so good at English, T can use some Chinese if necessary.
2. Draw a conclusion about them in sentences: They all…
E.g. made a great contribution
made great achievements
succeeded in their scientific career
overcome many difficulties
Step 4 Pair work
Make up dialogues. It’s a pity that these great minds can’t get together. So now we’ll organize a party for them. Because of an advanced machine called Time Machine, all scientists from all different times can come to attend it. Now they’re talking to each other. Make up a dialogue between two scientists. They may talk about their achievements, their life and their plan for the future work.
They may talk about these
1.I wonder if you’re…
2.I know you because I’ve heard that you…
3.Thank you for knowing so much about me.
4.I’m the one who…
5.I’m really interested in your invention.
……
They may ask about these
What’s your nationality? (I’m from…)
What are you interested in?
What conclusion have you drawn?
What are you proud of?
What leads to your success? (My cautiousness/ creativeness/ determination…leads to…)
Step 5 Homework 1. Tell your partner about the great scientists and their achievements. 2. Revise the new words and expressions learned in this lesson, and preview those of the reading text.
Period 2-3 Reading
Teaching aims:
1. Learn some new words and expressions, such as deadly, infectious, infect, severe, absorb, blame, expose to, defeat, etc.
2. Train the reading skills and the ability of finding relative information.
3. Know how to prove a new idea in scientific research by abiding by the 7 stages.
4. Be encouraged to find out results by examining and analyzing.
Difficult and Important Points:
1) Make out the outline of the text.
2）Find out what John Snow did in the 7 stages, and find out the cause of cholera after reading the text.
3) Design a poster about cholera, using the information learned from this lesson.
Teaching Methods:
1. Pair work
2. Illustration
3. Discussion and team work
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1 lead in
There are some great scientific achievements that have changed the world. Can you name some of them? What kind of role do they play in the field of science? Do these achievements have anything in common? Match the inventions with their inventors below before you answer all these questions.
Alexander Bell electricity
Thomas Edison the First telephone
Laite Brothers the electric Lamp
Madame Curie black holes in Universe
Franklin Theory of Gravity
Steven Hawking the First Plane
Elbert Einstein Radium
Isaac Newton the Theory of Relativity
Step 2 Pre-reading
Do you know Zhongnanshan?
Are there more terrifying infectious diseases?
What is “King Cholera”? Who helped the people to defeat cholera?
Show some pictures about people infected with cholera,
Step 3 Skimming & scanning
Who is John Snow? What happened between he and Queen Victoria?
Give a brief introduction to its symptoms and some figures about deaths. Then ask Ss about other infectious diseases.
What does “king” mean?
Do you know what did this map was used for in 1854?
Step 4 Fast-reading
1. Put the 7 stages in right order according to the passage.
2. Match each paragraph with each stage in examining a new idea.
draw a conclusion think of a method collect results make up a question
find a problem analyse the results find supporting evidence repeat if necessary
Step 5 Careful reading
Para 1
1. What is cholera?
2. how to control cholera , in John Snow’s opinion?
Para 2
He put forward ________ theories explaining the cause of cholera
Idea 1
Cholera was spread by ________________________in the air to attack people.
Idea 2
Cholera was spread by __________ with which people absorbed this disease into their bodies.
Which is right ?
Para 3
1. What did John Snow do when another outbreak hit London in 1854 and spread quickly?
2. Where did he gather the information?
Para 4
Many deaths happened here.
No death happened here.
The water from the pump was to blame.
Para 5
1. The water came from ______________.
A. the river that had been dirtied by people from London
B. the lake that had been polluted by local people
C. the river that had been dirtied by water from London
D. the lake that had been polluted by water from London
2.What did Dr. Snow advise the people in Broad Street to do? And what was the result?
Para 6
Read the 6th Para and try to catch the main idea of this paragraph.
Para 7
To prevent the cholera from spreading again, what did John Snow do?
Step 6 post reading
1.Find out the relative information about these numbers.
16, 37, 38 and 40 These numbers in Broad Street near the water pump had many of the deaths
20 ,21; 8,9
20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street had no deaths….They didn’t drink the water from the Broad Street pump.
7 These families worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They didn’t drink the water from the pump.
2. Fill in the blanks
John Snow was a __________ doctor in London. There was the most deadly disease called King Cholera of his day. Every time there was a (an) _________, many people died of disease. John Snow wanted to use his knowledge to help solve this problem. He knew it would never be __________until its cause was found. At that time, there were two theories about cholera. The first suggested that cholera__________ in the air without reason. The second suggested that people ___________ this disease into their bodies with their meals. John Snow determined to find out why. He believed in the second theory but needed to prove he was correct. So he_________ data to test the two theories. He ________ on a map where all the dead people had lived and the map gave a _________ clue about the cause of the disease. It seemed the water was to __________. Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these streets. With enough evidence, he announced with____________ that polluted water carried the disease of cholera.
Step 7 discussion
1. What disease is similar to cholera?
Cholera was a 19th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today?
2. What should we pay attention to in our daily life in order not to get infected with cholera?
(Drink only water that you have boiled or treated with chlorine or iodine. Other safe drinks include tea or coffee made with boiled water and carbonated, bottled beverages with no ice. Eat only food that's been thoroughly cooked and is still hot, or fruit that you've peeled yourself. Avoid undercooked or raw fish and shellfish. Avoid raw salads and vegetables. Avoid food and drinks from street vendors.)
3. What spirit can we find in John Snow? As a student, what should we learn from him?
clever/talented strict patient creative determined
positive honest intelligent
hard-working ambitious careful co-operative confident brave
Step 8 Team work
Show a poster about cholera first, then ask Ss to design a poster, following the example.
In the poster, the symptoms and the ways of preventing us from getting infected with cholera should be included.
Step 9 Homework
1. Surf the internet to find out: What should we pay attention to in our daily life to prevent ourselves from getting infected with all these infectious diseases?
2. Write down the important words and phrases in your exercise books.
3. Underline the difficult sentences that you cannot understand
Period 4 Language points
Teaching Aims:
Learn expressions & phrases
language points
Difficult and Important Points:
1）Language points
2）The usage of “suggest & in addition”
Teaching Methods:
Presentation & Practice
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1 Revision
Have a dictation
Step 2 Check the answers
Check the answers of yesterday’s homework (P42.Using Words and Expressions)
Step 3 Expressions & phrases
1.discover & invent
discover v. “ 发现” 被探索或被揭示的事物早已客观存在着.
Columbus discovered America in 1492.哥伦布于1492年发现了美洲.
Who discovered radium? 谁发现了镭?
invent v. “发明”,指的是发明原先不存在的东西.
Who invented the steam engine? 谁发明了蒸汽机?
2.lift up 举起;抬起;提升
3.Who put forward a theory about black holes?谁提出了黑洞的理论?
put forward
(1) to offer (an idea, suggestion etc.) for consideration 提出(建议等)
(2)推荐某人或自己任职位;提名
May I put your name forward as our monitor?
我能否提名你当我们的班长?
put away 抛弃;舍弃 put down 写下来;记入名单;
put on 穿上;戴上;增加 put off 耽误;延期
put out 熄灭(灯);扑灭 (火) put up 建立;建造
put up with… 忍受……
?You can take anything from the shelf and read, but please ______ the books when you’ve finished with them.
A. put on B. put down C. put back D. put off
4. draw a conclusion 得出结论
5.But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.
expose在句中是过去分词作后置定语,表示被动.意为“患霍乱的”.如:The book written by Luxun is very popular.
expose v.
(1)to make visible 暴露 “expose ….to….”
He exposes his skin to the sun. 他把皮肤暴露在阳光下.
(2)to reveal the guilt or wrong doing of …揭露;揭发
He exposed their plot.他揭穿了他们的阴谋.
I threatened to expose him ( to the police).我威胁要(向警察)揭发他.
expose to 使易受,使受 expose a fraud 揭穿骗局
expose sth. to the light of day 把某事暴露于光天化日之下
6. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.每次爆发霍乱时就有大批惊慌的老百姓病死.
every time是连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“每次,每当”,如:
Every time I meet him, I always think of the things happened between us.每次见到他,我就想起发生在我们之间的事情.
immediately, the moment, directly, instantly 等都可以作连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“一……就……”,如:
I will give the letter to him immediately I see him.我一见到他就把这封信给他.
I came directly I got your letter.我一接到你的信就来了.
7.The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air without reason.第一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中无缘无故地繁殖着.(Suggest 用法参考P77.5,并完成相关的练习)
8. terrified people 被吓坏的人们
9. absorb sth. into… 把….吸收入….
10. gather the information 收集信息
11.in addition adv. as well as 另外
In addition, the course also produces practical experience. 此外,这门功课还提供了实践的基础.
A number of people came to the zoo in addition to Peter and Paul. 彼得和保尔以外,还有许多别的人来到动物园.
12. link … to … 将….和….联系起来 (be linked to…)
13. announce with certainty 肯定地宣布
14. prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人干某事
Step 4 Practice
Finish the exercises on P4 & P42. Ex.1、2、3.

Period 5 Grammar
Teaching Aims:
1. Get the hang of past participle used as attributive and predicative.
2. Know the difference between V-ing form and the past participle used as the attribute and predicative.
Teaching Important Points:
1. Enable the students to use the Past Participle as the Attribute & Predicative in real situations.
Teaching difficult points
1. Have the Ss sum up the fun_ction of the past participle
2. Know the difference between V-ing form and the past participle used as the attribute and predicative.
Teaching Methods:
1. Inductive , comparison, explanation and exercise method
2. cooperative work
Teaching Procedures
Step 1 Revision
Check the homework.
Step 2 Grammar Learning
Part 1 Competition.
Divide the class into four teams. Each team chooses one student as their leader. The leader will choose the amount of money which stands for each question and can choose any one in the team to answer the question. If the answer is correct, the group will get the amount money. If not, they will lose the money.
1. What do you know about Dr. John Snow’s being well-known in London?
He attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies.
2. From what disease did Londoners suffer in his age and why did he get inspired?
They exposed themselves to cholera. He got inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.
Ordinary people who were exposed to cholera
3.Why did so many terrified people die every time there was an outbreak?
Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood
4. When did Dr. Snow think the disease would be controlled?
He knew it would never be controlled until its cause was found.
5. What was the second theory explaining how the disease killed people?
People absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease attacked the body quickly and soon the affected person was dead.
6. Where did the water of pump from and how did it get polluted?
It came from the river, which had been polluted by the dirty water from London
7. What did Dr. Snow advised the people in Broad Street do?
He told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the water pump so it could not be used
8.What else did Dr. Snow find in another part of London that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak?
In addition, he found 2 other deaths.
9. What conclusion did Dr. Snow tell the public?
He announced that polluted water carried the disease.
10.To prevent the cholera from spreading again, what did John Snow do?
He suggested that the source of all water supplies be examined and that new methods of dealing with polluted water be found. The water companies were
also instructed not to expose people to the polluted water anymore.
11. Why were these families working in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street not affected ?
Because they were given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the Broad Street pump.
Now please look at these phrases esp. the words in red. What’s the same characteristic of these words? That’s what we will talk about today---the past participle
Part 2 The past participle used as the attribute and predicative
过去分词的句法功能：
1．过去分词作定语 (Attribute)
1) 在句中的位置
单个的过去分词作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词前面；
过去分词短语作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词后面。
E.g. The ground is covered by fallen (fall) leaves.
These wanted (want) people are from Hong Kong
This will be the best novel of its kind ever written (write).
This will be the best novel of its kind that has ever been written.
2) 作定语的过去分词与定语从句之间的转换．
Who were the so-called guests invited (invite) to Jacky Chuang’s concert last month?
Who were the so-called guests that had been invited to Jacky Chuang’s concert last month?
She is drinking boiled (boil) water.
She is drinking the water which has been boiled.
a broken heart 一颗破碎的心 a heart which is broken
a lost dog 丧家之犬 a dog which is lost
an organized trip 有组织的旅行 a trip which is organized
3). Complete the table with phrases that have the same meaning with the partners.
terrified people people who are terrified
reserved seats seats which are reserved
polluted water water that is polluted
a crowded room a room that is crowded
a pleased winner a winner who is pleased
T: What are the words in the right column of the above form used as?
2. 过去分词作表语 (Predicative)
1) 过去分词作表语时，多表示主语所处的状态或构成被动语态。
The shop is closed (close).
Cleaning women in big cities usually get _paid___(pay) by the hour.
2) 作表语的过去分词与定语从句之间的转换．
There are two glasses which are broken (break) There are two broken glasses
The person who feels excited (excite) is Ronaldo The excited person is Ronaldo.
He looked up with an expression which was pleased (please)
He looked up with a pleased expression
3). Complete the table with phrases that have the same meaning.
astonished children children who look astonished
a broken vase a vase that is broken
a closed door a door that is closed
a trapped animal an animal that is trapped
the tired audience the audience who feel tired
Part 3 过去分词作定语和表语的区别:
1). 定语　放在名词和代词的前面或后面　　表示动作已经完成或被动的
表语　放在be 动词或系动词的后面　　说明主语的状态或构成被动语态
2).Fill in the blanks with the past participle
A: The audience feel tired at this tiring performance, but why do you always look so tired? Do you sleep well these days?
B: No, I’m busy designing a new game program.
A: Do you know why Joy looks so sad?
B: He got blamed about losing the money.
A: Did you go to see the film last night, which you have been looking forward to.
B: Yes, I did. But I was so disappointed with it. I had expected it to be better.
A: Why do you always keep your children at home. It’s summer vocation now. Why not take them to the zoo.
B: Good idea. They are really excited about going to the zoo.
A: Doctor, How long will he have to be kept in hospital.
B: At least one month. His wound became infected with a new virus.
A: Did you hear the news that Zhang Guorong killed himself by jumping from a high building.
B: Yes, I did. Everybody was shocked/depressed to hear the death of the famous film star.
T: Immediately Zhang Guorong died, most of the newspapers came to report the news of his death. What kind of newspaper would like to report this news?
Most of the newspapers which were concerned with this disease reported the news of his death. predicative
3). Choose appropriate verbs, using the past participle. Explain the use of the past participle in each sentence
worry interest arrive frighten 　 prepare continue concern
1. They were prepared to accept my idea. (predicative)
2. He was frightened of going alone into the empty house. (predicative)
3. The mayor said that he was worried about the continued rise of the water level in the river bed. (predicative) (attribute)
4. Recently arrived soldiers are helping to take the victims to safe areas from the flood. (attribute)
5. Most of the newspaper seems to be concerned with pop stars. (predicative)
6. I’ll be interested to hear what he has to say. (predicative)
Part 4 过去分词和V-ing形式的区别:
1). 语态上
I heard someone opening the door . I heard the door opened .
现在分词: 表示主动的动作

过去分词: 表示已经被动的动作
2). 时间上
the falling leaves the fallen leaves boiling water
boiled water the rising sun the risen sun
现在分词: 表示正在进行的动作
过去分词: 表示完成的意思
现在分词表示它所修饰的名词或句子主语的特征、特性。
过去分词表示它所修饰的名词或句子主语的心理感受或状态。
V-ing形式 表主动的，进行的，
特征的---含有“令人……”之意
过去分词　 表被动的，完成的，
表状态---含有“感到……”之意
Exercise 填入适当的分词。
1. A. Nobody was interested in the story he told.
B. The story he told was very interesting . (interested, interesting )
2. A. Everybody was excited to hear the news.
B. The news is very exciting indeed. ( excited, exciting )
3. A. The result of the test was rather disappointing .
B. He was very disappointed at the result of the test. ( disappointed, disappointing )
4. A. What he said was very amusing .
B. I was very amused at the sight. ( amused, amusing )
Step 3 Sum up
1．过去分词作定语 (Attribute)
单个的过去分词作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词前面；
过去分词短语作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词后面。
2.过去分词作表语时，多表示主语所处的状态或构成被动语态。
? 过去分词　 表被动的，完成的，
表状态---含有“感到……”之意
Step 4 Consolidation
练习一． 句型转换
1. A thief stole the goat that was tired to the tree.
=A thief stole the goat _tired___ to the tree.
2. The girl who is dressed in red is Kelly’s long-lost friend.
= The girl _dressed in red____ is Kelly’s long-lost friend.
3. The castle, which was burnt down in the sixteenth century, was never rebuilt.
= The castle, _burnt down in the sixteenth century__, was never rebuilt.
4. Father beat the son who was lost in the online games.
=Father beat the son __lost _ in the online games.
5. The project, which was designed by the Chinese engineers, was constructed in only 2 year.
= The project, designed by the Chinese engineers, was constructed in only 2 year.
练习二． 单句改错
1. They were all amusing at what he said.
2. He was very exciting to hear the news that their team had won.
3. The situation was a bit discouraged.
4. Two pages in this dictionary are missed.
5. Your mother is quite worrying about your stare of health.
6. We know his parents won’t allow him to swim from his disappointing expression
练习三． 单选
1. As is known to us all, traveling is _A_____, but we often feel ______ when we are back from travels.
A. interesting; tired B. interested; tiring
C. interesting; tiring D. interested; tired
2. Hearing the __D__ news, we all felt ___.
A. encouraging, encouraging, B. encouraged, encouraged
C. encouraged, encouraging D. encouraging, encouraged
3. From the dates __B____ on the gold coin, it is confirmed that was made five hundred years ago.
A. marking B. marked C. to be marked D. having been marked
4. The __B____ look in her face suggested that she _______ it before.
A. surprising, wouldn’t know B. surprised, hadn’t known
C. surprising, hadn’t known D. surprised, shouldn’t know
5. The picture writing _D______ long long ago is hard for us to understand today.
A. having been drawn B. being drawn C. was drawn D. drawn
6. The man _D_____ there is my uncle.
A. seat B. seating C. to seat D. seated
7. The first textbooks ___C___ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
A. having written B. to be written C. written D. being written
Homework
Finish using structures in workbook unit 1.
Period 6 Listening
Teaching goals:
1. To learn how to get required information by listening.
2. Be familiar with some expressions about describing a person’s qualities.
3. Practise communicating with their classmates about their futures realistically.
Teaching important points:
Improve their listening ability of getting specific information and speaking ability of talking about personality and appearance.
Teaching difficult points:
How to improve their speaking ability of talking about personality and appearance by finishing the speaking tasks.
Teaching procedures
Step1 Lead in
A brief introduction of ShenZhou 7.
Onboard pilots Zhai Zhigang, Liu Boming and Jing Haipeng are expected to orbit the earth for 4 days, when one of them will float out of the cabin about 343 kilometers above the earth. When they make it, China will become the third country in the world who is able to conduct extra-vehicular activity in space following the former Soviet Union and the United States.
Do you know the Father of the Chinese space programme?
then lead to the famous scientist Qian Xueshen.
What do you know about Qian Xuesen?
Show a clip of video of Qian Xueshen.
Step2 pre-listening
Explain some new words which will appear in the listening material--astronomer (天文学家), astronaut (宇航员)institute (研究所)then read the questions and ask the students to guess what this passage may be about.
Step 3 listening
Listen to the passage twice, then let the students answer these questions.
Play the tape once again, and check the answers together.
Step4 post listening
Introduce something about Qian Xueshen.
Step 5 exercise
Check the homework.
Period 7 Using language
Teaching goals:
1. To learn about Copernicus’ revolutionary theory.
2. To learn to write a persuasive essay and improve their integrating skills .
Teaching Important Points
Ss are able to write a persuasive composition.
Teaching Difficult Points
Inspire Ss to argue for their own ideas.
Enable Ss to write a persuasive composition.
Teaching procedures:
Step 1 Pre-reading
1. Do you know what is the center of the solar system?
2. Can you name the eight planets in the solar system?
We know the first scientist is Copernicus. He was one of the first scientists to use mathematical observations to collect information. He believed the sun is the center of the universe and the earth and other planets went around it. The chart on P.7 shows his theory.
Let’s enjoy a video of Copernicus’ Revolutionary Theory.
Step 2 While-reading
1 Skimming:
Read through the passage fast and try to get the main idea of the passage.
1. What did Copernicus think was the center of the solar system?
2.When did Copernicus publish his theory?
2. Scanning:
Scan the passage and find the experiences of Copernicus
Birth: February 19, 1473
Death: May 24, 1543
Place of Birth: Toruń, Poland
Career:
1491-1494 Studied mathematics at Kraków Academy
1496 Went to Italy to study astronomy and law at the University of Bologna
1497 Began observations of the Sun, Moon, and planets
1514 Wrote Commentariolus, an outline of his astronomical ideas, but did not circulate it widely
1543 Published De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial)
Step 3 post reading
Read through the passage again, and tell whether the following statements are true or false.
1. At Copernicus’ time, Christian Church was in charge of many western countries.
2. Copernicus noticed that observed from the earth, some planets appear in front of or behind the earth.
3. Copernicus didn’t show his new theory to his friends until he completed it.
4. His friends were not interested in his ideas.
5. Since he was not afraid of being attacked by the Church, Copernicus published his book as soon as he finished working on it.
6. Newton, Einstein, and Hawking are all scientists who made contribution to the study of the universe.
? Use the reading and try to draw the two theories of the universe.
Before Copernicus’ theory Showing Copernicus’ theory
The Earth was stationary at the center of the solar system, and the Sun and planets revolved around it. The Sun is stationary at the center of the solar system, and the Earth and the other planets orbit around it
Step 4 language points
1. lead to: to result in 导致
Your carelessness will lead to the trouble in the future.
2. make sense
1) to have a clear meaning
No matter how I tried to read it, the sentence didn't make sense.
2) to be wise course of action
It makes sense to take care of your health.
3. spin--- spun(span)--- spinning
e.g. We span the coin to see who would have first turn.
I spun around to see who had spoken.
4. If you don’t like Tom, you may r_____ his gift.
If you don’t think the suggestion is suitable for you, you may r____ it.
5. enthusiastic: be interested in
She’s very ______________________ singing.
We explain our plan, and he is very___________.
enthusiastic enthusiasm enthusiastically
She shows boundless __________ for the work.
She greeted him _____________ with a kiss.
She is very __________ about Eastern music.
6. cautious-- cautiously :careful to avoid risk
be cautious about/of sb./sth.
e.g. The bank is very cautious about lending money.
My father is a very cautious driver.
The guard warned me to be cautious about strangers.
Step 5 Discussion
If you were Nicolaus Copernicus, would you have hidden your theory for so many years? Give a reason.
(Suggested answer: As a scientist, Copernicus was more cautious than coward. If he had published his ideas at his time, he would have been killed just as Bruno who was burnt to death because his theory was against the Christian Church’s. Every time when a new idea appears, there are always rejections. It’s normal. Scientists should have patience to spread their truth.)
Step 6 Writing
1. Now write a short letter asking Copernicus to publish his ideas so everyone can read them.
2. Learning tips.
This article is a persuasive writing, which is about changing somebody else’s point of view. When you are doing this kind of writing, you must always have some evidence to support your idea. To make this easier, you can hold discussions with your family and friends. Give your ideas and reasons to them whenever you are making choices. You may argue with them and try to persuade them. Then you will find it easier to do your persuade writing.
However, when you are writing, do not forget to plan your work and put your ideas in a logical order.
Now please discuss in a group of four and decide how to write this letter. Try to collect your ideas and make a plan. You can read the tips given to you in Ex.3 on page 8.
Here is a plan:
Beginning: Tell Copernicus who you are and why you want him to publish his ideas.
Paragraph 1: Reason 1 and evidence.
Paragraph 2: Reason 2 and evidence.
Summing up: Ask him to think again about publishing his ideas.
3. Sample writing
Dear Nicolaus Copernicus,
I am a student studying astronomy and I would very much like to read your new theory about the solar system. I hope you will publish it for several reasons.
I understand the problems with the present theory. The way the planets move is not what you would expect if the earth was the centre of the universe. It is also odd that the brightness of some stars seems to change. So I agree with you that we need a new theory.
I know your observations have been very carefully carried out over many years. Now you must have the courage to publish them. Science can never advance unless people have the courage of their beliefs. I know you worry about what will happen if you publish your new theory.
No matter how people oppose it, time will show if your ideas are right or wrong.
So I hope you will feel you can publish your new theory.
Yours sincerely,
(your name)
Homework
1. Write down your persuasive essay on your exercise books.
2. Review the whole unit and prepare for the dictation.
课件25张PPT。Using Language
Using Language - Reading & Writing About CopernicusDo you know what is the center of the solar system?
Can you name the nine planets in the solar system?
Mercury MarsVenusEarthJupiterSaturnUranusNeptunePlutoMnemonics (记忆术)
Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune PlutoMy Very Easy Method: Just Set Up Nine Planets.Can you use a good method to memorize them ?Nicolaus CopernicusHe was one of the first scientists to use mathematical observations to collect information. He believed the sun is the center of the universe and the earth and other planets went around it. Skim the text and draw the two theories of the universe with the following pictures.SunearthBefore Copernicus’ theory Showing Copernicus’ theoryReading and drawingSunearthBefore Copernicus’ theory Showing Copernicus’ theorySunearthearthSunShowing Copernicus’ theory A diagram showing the solar system with the earth at its centre A diagram showing the solar system with the sun at its centre Summary Before Copernicus’ theory Careful readingRead the text carefully, then answer these questionsBecause the powerful Christian Church would have punished him for even suggesting such an idea(2) What was his theory about? (Para 1) All his mathematical calculations led to the same conclusion: that the earth was not the centre of the solar system. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.Why could he not tell about his theory? (Para 1)(3) What had the astronomers noticed in the sky? (Para 2) They had noticed that some planets in the sky seemed to stop, move backward and then go forward in a loop. Others appeared brighter at times and less bright at others.(4) When did Copernicus complete his theory? (Para 3)Between 1510 and 1514 he worked on it,
gradually improving his theory until he felt it
was complete.(5) How did he explain changes in the movement of the planets and in the brightness of the stars? When did he publish his idea? (Para 4) He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth. He also suggested that the earth was spinning as it went round it and this explain changes in the movement of the planets and in the brightness of the stars.
. He published it as he lay dying in 1543 (6) Why do people think that there is a direct link between his ideas and the work of Isaac Newton, Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawking? Because his theory is now the base on which all our ideas of the universe are built. His theory replaced the Christian idea of gravity which said things fell to earth because God created the earth as the centre of the universe, He showed this was obviously wrong.1)表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测, 或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况，但不象should或ought to 那样含有责备之意。如：
◆ Yet he could not tell anyone about his
theory as the powerful Christian Church
would have punished him for even
suggesting such an idea.I guess the poet would have been about 20 when she wrote her first poem.Another worker wouldn’t have acted like that.
needn’t have + 过去分词，表示做了不必做的事，相当于，译为“其实没必要… …”
should have + 过去分词，表示应该做某事但实际上未做，译为“本应该… …”
should not have + 过去分词，表示本不应 该做某事但实际上做了，译为“本不应该……” 2) 相关知识总结： If you were Nicolaus Copernicus, would you have hidden your theory for so many years?
Give reasonsDebateYes/No ◆ As a scientist, one should be brave. But Copernicus was afraid of being attacked by the Christian Church. So he had hidden his theory for so many years. What do you think of this? Agree:
1.He was cautious. if he had published his ideas, he
would have been killed just as Bruno who was
burned to death because his theory was against
the Christian Church.
2.Every time when a new idea appears, there are
always rejections. It’s normal. Scientists should
have patience to spread their truth.
3.It made no sense for him to publish his theory in a
hurry.He was just cautious not coward. He should
protect himself first. Disagree:
1.Copernicus was very coward. He should speak
out his discovery and let the world know the
truth earlier.
2.Science can never advance unless people
have the courage of their beliefs.
3.As a scientist, you must have the courage to
publish your findings. No matter how people
oppose them, time will show if your ideas are
right or wrong.Write a short letter asking Copernicus (not) to publish his ideas so everyone can read themWriting Persuasive writing (Please refer to P8 Learning Tip)
Now writing a short letter asking Copernicus to publish his ideas so everyone can read them.
First you need to collect your ideas. For example:
He believes his new theory is true.
There are problems with the present theory.
He has done many years of observations to prove his new theory is true.
Science can’t develop unless people publish their ideas.
Time will show if his theory is true or not.Here is a plan:
Beginning: Tell Copernicus who you are and why you want him to publish his ideas.
Paragraph 1: Reason 1 and evidence.
Paragraph 2: Reason 2 and evidence.
Summing up: Ask him to think again about publishing his ideas.
One possible version:
Dear Nicolaus Copernicus,
I am a student studying astronomy and I would very much like to read your new theory about the solar system. I hope you will publish it for several reasons.
I understand the problems with the present theory. The way the planets move is not what you would expect if the earth was the centre of the universe. It is also odd that the brightness of some stars seems to change. So I agree with you that we need a new theory. I know your observations have been very carefully carried out over many years. Now you must have the courage to publish them. Science can never advance unless people have the courage of their beliefs. I know you worry about what will happen if you publish your new theory. No matter how people oppose it, time will show if your ideas are right or wrong.
So I hope you will feel you can publish your new theory.
Yours sincerely,
Zhang Hua课件43张PPT。Warming up&
Reading
Book 5,Unit 1
What do they have in common?They are scientists Unit 1
Great Scientists What do you know about them ?Let’s have a competition!Warm up1.Which scientist discovered that objects in water are lifted up by a force that helps them float?B. ArchimedesC. Thomas EdisonA. Charles DarwinArchimedes“Give me a place to stand on, and I can move the earth.”“给我一个支点，我就可以翘起整个地球.”2. Who wrote a book explaining how animals and plants developed as the environment changed?A. Marie CurieC. Charles DarwinB. Gregor MendelCharles Darwin.Origin of Species
《物种起源》3.Who invent the first steam engine?A. Thomas NewcomenC. Thomas EdisonB. Archimedes4. Who used peas to show how physical characteristics are passed from parents to their children.A. Thomas EdisonC. ArchimedesB. Gregor Mendel5. Who discovered radium?A. Marie CurieC. NewtonB. Zhang Heng6.Who invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities?A. Stephen Hawking 　C. Thomas EdisonB. Archimedes7.Who was the painter that studied dead bodies to improve his painting of people?A. Gregor MendelC. Marie CurieB. Leonardo da Vinci 　Leonardo da VinciMona Lisa8. Who invented a lamp to keep miners safe underground?A. Sir Humphry Davy 　C. FaradayB. Thomas Newcomen9. Who invented the earliest instrument to tell people where earthquakes happened?A. Charles DarwinC. Watt B. Zhang HengZhang Heng (78-139)Seismograph
地震仪
10.Who put forward a theory about black holes?A. Stephen HawkingC. CopernicusB. ArchimedesStephen Hawking (1942--) British, a physicistBlack hole 遗传学
电
浮力定理
镭
进化论
画家
蒸汽机
矿工安全灯
黑洞理论
地动仪
阿基米德 Archimedes
达尔文 Charles Darwin
纽科文 Thomas Newcomen
孟德尔Gregor Mendel
居里夫人Marie Curie
爱迪生Thomas Edison
达芬奇Leonardo da Vinci
汉弗来.戴维爵士Sir Humphry Davy
张衡Zhang Heng
斯蒂芬.霍金 Stephen HawkingDo you know other scientists?Discussion1.Who invented the first modern steam engine?James Watt
(瓦特)2.Who is the father of super hybrid rice?Yuan Longping3.Who discovered the force of gravity? Newton 4.Who put forward the Theory of Relativity（相对论）?
Einstein5. Do you know who defeated “King Cholera”?John Snow
约翰.斯诺Speaking Who is your favorite scientists? Why ?
Reading It infects people’s intestines(肠道), causing
diarrhoea(腹泻), vomiting(呕吐) and
dehydration(脱水)
When diseases break out, what should people do?What’s the main idea of the passage?
John Snow was a well-known doctor in London.
The cause of Cholera was polluted water.
The source of all drinking water should be examined.
How John Snow defeated “King Cholera”?SkimmingdFast-readingFind out the
main idea of each paragraph.
para.1 Deadly disease: cholera outbreak in
London
para.2 Two possible theories
para.3 Look for evidence
para.4 Mark information on a map to find
out where people died or did not die
para.5 Analyse the water
para.6 Find other supporting evidences
para.7 The polluted dirty source of
drinking water was to blame
What is the passage about ?Scientific researchStages in setting out a scientific research:DicussingMake up a question:(形成研究主题)
Find a problem:(发现问题)
Collect results:(收集材料)
Think of a method:(找出研究方法)
Analyse results:(分析材料)
Repeat if necessary:(必要时重新分析)
Draw a conclusion:(得出结论)Use the seven stages in examining a new scientific idea to describe each paragraph and put the 7 stages in order.Scanning Find a problem Deadly disease: cholera outbreak in London
Make up a question Two possible theory Think of a method Gather information about where people were ill and died and where they got their water Collect results Mark information on a map to find out where people died or did not die Analyse results Analyse the water to see if that is the cause of the illness. Find supporting evidenceFind other evidences to support his conclusion Make a conclusion The polluted dirty source of drinking water was to blame for the cause of the London cholera. Stages in setting out a scientific research:Dicussing②Make up a question:(形成研究主题)
① Find a problem:(发现问题)
④Collect results:(收集材料)
③Think of a method:(找出研究方法)
⑤Analyse results:(分析材料)
⑥Repeat if necessary:(必要时重新分析)
⑦Draw a conclusion:(得出结论)Summery:
John Snow was a well-known ____ in London in the ___ century. He wanted to find the ______ of cholera in order to help people ______ to cholera. In 1854 when a cholera ____ out, he began to gather information. He _____ on a map where all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had drunk the dirty water from the ______ died. So he decided that the polluted water carried cholera. He suggested that the _____ of all water supply be _______ and new methods of dealing with polluted water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was defeated.doctor19thcauseexposedbrokemarkedpumpsourceexamined