英语：unit 5 advice needed学案（北京课改版八年级上）

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Unit 5 Advice Needed.
【本讲教育信息】
一. 教学内容：
Unit 5 Advice Needed.

二. 教学目标：
（一）知识技能：
单词：本单元所有单词
词组：①lose weight ②had better ③give sb. some advice
④first of all ⑤have a talk ⑥see a doctor
⑦advise sb. to do sth. ⑧have a cup of milk ⑨take some medicine
⑩be 1.6 metres tall
（11）weigh 50 kilos （12）feel heavy / sad/ angry
（13）get fat （14）watch too much
（15）be worried about （16）twice a week
（17）become fatter and fatter （18）be afraid of
（19）go on a diet （20）lose hair with the weight
（21）put on （22）keep fit/ healthy
（23）make sb. do sth. （24）less than
（25）take in （26）several weeks （27）eat a little more
（28）among the three （29）be/ keep quiet （30）agree with
（31）in the end= at last = finally （32）make up
（33）give up （34）get along with （35）take a lot of patience
句型：
①It’s bad for sb. to do sth.
②I’m too tired to exercise after school.
③What’s the matter with you
④What should I do
⑤I’m afraid I am becoming fatter and fatter.
⑥Don’t worry too much.
⑦It’s hard to know what to do.

（二）能力目标：能够根据对方所遇到的问题，用所学语言提出可行的建议。

（三）语法：形容词的原级、比较级和最高级。

二、重点知识讲解：
1. had better do sth. 最好做某事。例如：
You had better go to bed early. Because it is bad for you to go to bed late.
It’s raining outside, you had better stay at home.
had better not do sth. 最好不做某事。例如：
You had better not smoke, it is bad for you.
You had better not take in too many calories, it will make you fatter and fatter.
2. ①advice n. 建议
a piece of advice 一条建议
some advice 一些建议
I have a piece of advice for you.
The doctor gave him some advice to stop smoking.
②advise v. 建议
advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事。
My English teacher advised us to read English loudly every day.
I advised Tom to do his homework himself.
advise sb. not to do sth.
The doctor advised me not to work deep into the night every day.
The conductor advised the boys not to walk around when the train was moving.
3. less than 少于
more than 多于
There are less than 50 students in our class.
Last year my father paid less than 1000000 for the new house.
You should never eat less than 1, 200 Calories.
4. several 几个，一些。
同义词：some , a few
After several weeks, you may eat a little more each week.
I have made several friends since I came here last year.
5. feel v. 感觉，感到
feel+ adj.
feel sad/ angry/ hungry/ thirsty/ tired.
I don’t feel well.
They felt very afraid when they were alone on that lonely island.
feeling n. 感情
They have good feelings when they stay alone.
6.
It’s bad for you to eat too much meat, it will make you fat and unhealthy.
It’s natural for Tom to be late for school, because he is always late every day.
It’s hard for him to do such a thing, because he is too young.
7. keep
①keep fit/ healthy/ clean/ quiet
②keep doing sth. 保持某种状态
③keep on doing sth. 坚持继续做某事
④keep sth. +介词短语
keep the money in the wallet
keep the food in the fridge
8. What’s the matter with you
同义句：
What’s wrong with you
What’s your trouble
What’s your problem
What’s seems to be the trouble
What’s up
9. too…to 太……而不能。
The boy is too young to go to school.
The car is too expensive for me to buy.
同义句：
so…that
The boy is so young that he can’t go to school.
The car is so expensive that I can’t buy it.
not enough to do sth.
The boy is not old enough to go to school.
The car is not cheap enough to buy.

【巩固练习】
那个男孩子太重了，跑不动。
The boy is ________ ________ ________ run.
The boy is ________ ________ ________ he ________ run.
The boy is not ________ ________ ________ run.

三. 语法讲解
绝大多数形容词有三种形式：原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。形容词的原级就是词典中出现的形容词的形式。形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词原级形式的基础上变化构成的。
1. 形容词比较级和最高级的规则变化：
（1）大多数单音节形容词的比较级和最高级的构成是在其原级后面加上-er或-est。例如：
small—smaller—smallest
new—newer—newest
（2）以重读闭音节结尾的形容词，需要先双写词尾的辅音字母，再加-er或-est。例如：
big—bigger—biggest
thin—thinner—thinnest
（3）以不发音的e结尾的单音节形容词只需在原级后加-r或-st。例如：
large—larger—largest
nice—nicer—nicest
（4）以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词，变为比较级和最高级时，先把y变成i，再加-er或-est。例如：
easy—easier—easiest
heavy—heavier—heaviest
（5）部分双音节形容词和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级的变化形式在下册教材中会进行学习，这册不作要求。
2. 常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级的形式列表如下：
原级 比较级 最高级
good better best
bad worse worst
many more most
much more most
little less least
ill worse worst
far farther further farthestfurthest
形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物之间的比较，通常与than连用，其结构形式为“主语+谓语（系动词）+形容词的比较级+than+对比成分”；形容词的最高级用于三个或三个以上的人或事物的比较，形容词的最高级前要加定冠词the，常与表示范围的in the class among the world, in the group等这类短语或者句子连用。其结构形式为“主语+谓语（系动词）+the +形容词的最高级（+名词）+表示范围的短语或句子”。例如：
The Nile River is longer than the Yellow River. （两者之间比较）
The Nile River is the longest in the world. （范围为in the world，不是只有两条河流）
Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China. （范围为in China，不是只有两个城市）

【巩固练习】
写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级。
1. tall ________ ________
2. nice ________ ________
3. big ________ ________
4. happy ________ ________
5. interesting ________ ________
6. good ________ ________
7. bad ________ ________
8. many ________ ________
9. little ________ ________
10. far ________ ________
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