高一英语人教版必修1 Unit 4 Earthquakes 第03课时 课时同步附解析

绝密★启用前
人教版必修一
Unit
4
Earthquakes
3.
Grammar：定语从句
(I)
一、完成句子。
根据语境，用适当的关系代词填空。
1.
Mr.
Black
is
going
to
Beijing
in
October,
_______is
the
best
season
there.
2.
I
will
never
forget
the
days
_______I
spent
with
your
family.
3.
I'll
never
forget
the
last
day______
we
spent
together.
4.
Do
you
still
remember
the
place______
we
visited
last
week
5.
Have
you
ever
been
to
Hangzhou,
_____is
famous
for
the
West
Lake
6.
I
live
in
Beijing,
____is
the
capital
of
China.
7.
It
is
the
third
time
______you
have
made
the
same
mistake.
8.
It
was
in
the
street
_____I
met
John
yesterday.
9.
It
was
about
600
years
ago____
the
first
clock
with
a
face
and
an
hour
hand
was
made.
10.
The
moment
_____I
saw
you,
I
recognized
you.
11.
Who
is
the
student
_____was
late
for
school
today
12.
Who
_____knows
him
wants
to
make
friends
with
him
13.
What
else
was
there
in
my
brother____
you
didn't
like
14.
He
lives
in
the
room____
window
faces
to
the
south.
15.
This
is
Mr.
John
for____
son
I
brought
a
book
yesterday.
二、单句改错。
下列复合句中均含有一个定语从句，但有一处错误，请予改正。
1.
These
who
have
plenty
of
money
will
help
their
friends.
________________________________________________________________________
2.
This
is
the
longest
train
which
I
have
ever
seen.
________________________________________________________________________
3.
His
parents
wouldn’t
let
him
marry
anyone
whom
family
was
poor.
________________________________________________________________________
4.
They
have
decided
to
stay
at
home,
that
is,
I
think,
a
wise
choice.
________________________________________________________________________
5.
The
radio
set
which
I
bought
it
last
week
has
gone
wrong.
________________________________________________________________________
6.
I,
who
is
your
good
friend,
will
try
my
best
to
help
you.
________________________________________________________________________
7.
Oh
the
wall
hung
a
picture,
which
color
is
blue.
________________________________________________________________________
8.
Mr.
Heroin
is
one
of
the
foreign
experts
who
is
working
in
China.
________________________________________________________________________
9.
They
talked
for
about
an
hour
of
things
and
persons
who
they
remembered
in
the
school.
________________________________________________________________________
10.
The
boss
whose
department
Ms
King
worked
ten
years
ago
look
down
upon
women.
________________________________________________________________________
三、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Tom
studied
in
our
middle
school
three
years
ago.
Last
August
his
father
found
a
job
in
another
city
and
his
family
moved
there.
He
began
to
study
in
the
new
school
and
we
often
write
to
each
other.
He
often
tells
me
something
about
the
city
where
he
lives
now
and
his
studies
in
the
school.
So
I
can
know
what
happens
to
him.
Last
Friday
Tom
came
to
our
city
again.
He
hopes
to
accompany
his
old
grandpa
during
the
summer
holiday.
He's
taller
and
stronger
than
before.
We
swim
in
the
river
outside
the
city
together
or
have
a
picnic
on
the
island.
It
surprises
me
that
he
has
learned
to
cook
when
we
were
traveling
in
the
wild
forest.
He
told
me
his
parents
were
both
busy
and
sometimes
he
stayed
at
home
alone
and
he
had
to
look
after
himself.
“How
do
you
like
your
school？”
I
asked.
“Wonderful，”
said
the
young
man.
“It
has
a
tall
building
and
there're
two
chemistry
labs,
two
biology
labs
and
three
physics
ones.
And
its
library
is
big
and
there're
plenty
of
books
in
it.”
“I
can
see
you
are
satisfied
with
it.”
“Yes，”
he
answered.
“But
our
geography
teacher
often
says
to
himself
in
class.”
“So
does
our
new
history
teacher，”
I
said.
“But
he
doesn't
notice
it.
He
often
talks
on
and
on
in
a
flow
of
eloquence
(口才).
But
none
of
us
listens
to
him！”
1．The
writer
can
know
what
happens
to
Tom
because
________.
A．he
lives
near
to
the
writer
B．he
often
calls
the
writer
C．he
often
writes
to
the
writer
D．the
writer
often
visits
Tom
2．Why
did
Tom
learn
to
cook
A．He
likes
all
kinds
of
delicious
foods.
B．He
often
has
a
picnic
with
his
friends.
C．He
found
a
job
in
a
restaurant.
D．He
has
to
do
some
cooking
when
he's
in
alone.
3．Tom
came
back
to
the
city
to
________.
A．look
after
his
sick
grandpa
B．take
his
summer
holiday
C．have
a
picnic
on
the
island
D．travel
in
the
wild
forest
B
A
child
who
has
once
been
pleased
with
a
tale
likes,
as
a
rule,
to
have
it
retold
in
almost
the
same
words,
but
this
should
not
lead
parents
to
treat
printed
fairy
stories
as
formal
texts.
It
is
always
much
better
to
tell
a
story
than
read
it
out
of
a
book,
and,
if
a
parent
can
produce
what,
in
the
actual
situation
of
the
time
and
the
child,
is
an
improvement
on
the
printed
text,
so
much
the
better.
A
charge
made
against
fairy
tales
is
that
they
harm
the
child
by
frightening
him
or
making
him
sad
thinking.
To
prove
the
latter,
one
would
have
to
show
in
a
controlled
experiment
that
children
who
have
read
fairy
stories
were
more
often
sorry
for
cruelty
than
those
who
had
not.
As
to
fears,
there
are,
I
think,
some
cases
of
children
being
dangerously
terrified
by
some
fairy
story.
Often,
however,
this
arises
from
the
child
having
heard
the
story
once.
Familiarity
with
the
story
by
repetition
turns
the
pain
of
fear
into
the
pleasure
of
a
fear
faced
and
mastered.
There
are
also
people
who
object
to
fairy
stories
on
the
grounds
that
they
are
not
objectively
true,
that
giants,
witches,
two
-
headed
dragons,
magic
carpets,
etc.
do
not
exist;
and
that,
instead
of
being
fond
of
the
strange
side
in
fairy
tales,
the
child
should
be
taught
to
learn
the
reality
by
studying
history.
I
find
such
people,
I
must
say
so
strange
that
I
do
not
know
how
to
argue
with
them.
If
their
cases
were
sound,
the
world
should
be
full
of
mad
men
attempting
to
fly
from
New
York
to
Philadelphia
on
a
stick
or
covering
a
telephone
with
kisses
in
the
belief
that
it
was
their
beloved
girl
-friend.
No
fairy
story
ever
declared
to
be
a
description
of
the
real
world
and
no
clever
child
has
ever
believed
that
it
was.
1．
The
author
considers
that
a
fairy
story
is
more
effective
when
it
is
　　　.
A．repeated
without
any
change
B．treated
as
a
joke
C．set
in
the
present
D．made
some
changes
by
the
parent
2．
The
advantage
claimed
for
repeating
fairy
stories
to
young
children
is
that
it
　　.
A．develops
their
power
of
memory
B．makes
them
less
fearful
C．makes
them
believe
there
is
nothing
to
be
afraid
of
D．encourages
them
not
to
have
strange
beliefs
3．
The
author's
mention
of
sticks
and
telephones
is
meant
to
suggest
that
　
　.
A．fairy
stories
are
still
being
made
up
B．there
is
some
misunderstanding
about
fairy
tales
C．people
try
to
modernize
old
fairy
stories
D．there
is
more
concern
for
children's
fears
nowadays
4．One
of
the
reasons
why
some
people
are
not
in
favor
of
fairy
tales
is
that
　　　.
A．they
are
full
of
imagination
B．they
make
teachers
of
history
difficult
to
teach
C．they
are
not
interesting
D．they
just
make
up
the
stories
which
are
far
from
the
truth
四、语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
People
1
（live）
in
different
countries
made
different
kinds
of
words.
Today
there
are
about
fifteen
hundred
2
(language)
in
the
world.
Each
contains
many
thousands
of
words.
A
very
large
dictionary,
3
example,
contains
four
to
five
hundred
thousand
words.
4
we
do
not
need
all
these.
To
read
short
stories
you
need
to
know
only
about
two
thousand
words.
Before
you
leave
school,
you
will
learn
only
one
thousand
or
more.
The
words
you
know
are
5
(call)
your
vocabulary.
You
should
try
to
make
your
vocabulary
6
（big）.Read
as
many
books
as
we
can.
There
are
a
lot
7
books
8
(write)
in
easy
English.
You
will
enjoy
them.
When
you
meet
9
new
word,
look
it
up
in
your
dictionary.
Your
dictionary
is
the
10
（much）
useful
book.
五、短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.
每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last
Friday,
Just
before
the
66th
National
Day
holiday,
I
conducted
interview
with
James
Watson,
a
famous
American
scientist,
talk
about
how
to
become
a
successful
scientist.
On
his
opinion,
to
be
a
scientist,
we
needed
to
be
very
fond
of
science.
What’s
most,
we
have
to
keep
practicing
as
well
as
learn
from
other
successful
scientist.
If
we
want
to
be
a
successful
one,
besides
hard-working,
we
are
supposing
to
set
up
for
a
clear
goal
as
well.
James
Watson
also
suggest
that
every
child
who
is
curiously
about
science
should
make
your
effort
to
realize
the
dream
of
becoming
a
scientist.
人教版必修一
Unit
4
Earthquakes
3.
Grammar：定语从句
(I)
参考答案及解析
一、完成句子。
【答案】
1.
which
2.
that/which
3.
that
4.
that/which
5.
which
6.
which
7.
that
8.
that
9.
that
10.
(that)
11.that
12.that
13.
that
14.whose
15.
whose
二、单句改错。
【答案】
1.
These→
Those
2.
which→
that
3.
whom→
whose
4.
that
→
which
5.
去掉it
6.
is→
am
7.which-whose
8.is→are
9.who→that
10.
worded后加in
三、阅读理解
A
【答案解析】
本文属于记叙文阅读，Tom和作者是好朋友，在他随父母搬到另外一个城市以后，我们经常会保持联系。一次他回来过暑假的时候，我们度过了很多快乐的时光。
1.
C
细节理解题。根据第一段三、四句可知，Tom经常写信给作者，告诉他身边发生的事情。所以C项正确。
2.
D
细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句可知，正是因为他的父母亲一直很忙，没有时间照顾他。所以他不得不自己照顾自己，才学会了做饭。故D项正确。
3.
B
细节理解题。根据第二段一、二句可知,
Tom回来的目的是陪他的爷爷过暑假。故B项正确。
B
【答案解析】
本文属于议论文阅读，主要介绍了人们对于神话故事对孩子的影响的不同观点，有人认为神话传说都是假的，应该教孩子一些真实的东西。
1.
D
推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知,讲故事要比按照书本直接读出来更好；另外如果父母亲能够根据情景和时间对故事进行一定的改编，那么效果会更好。也就是说父母亲对原来的故事进行一些改变。故D正确。
2.
B
推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，通过重复讲这些故事让孩子们熟悉了这些故事可以把这种恐惧变成能够面对和掌握的快乐。也就是说重复讲述这些故事会让孩子们不再太害怕了。故B正确。
3.
B
推理判断题。根据第三段前两句可知有些人认为神话故事都是假的，我们应该教给孩子真实的东西，孩子们应该提供学习历史了解真实的事情。根据第三句、第四句中提到了stick和telephone，说明作者以此为例说明这些人对神话传说的误解。故B正确。
4.
D
推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知，有一些人反对神话故事是因为他们认为神话故事里的故事都是假的。故D正确。
四、语法填空
【答案解析】
本文属于说明文，介绍了世界各地的语言以及与语言学习的有关方法。
1.
living
考查现在分词做定语。本句中动词live与people构成主动关系，所以使用现在分词短语living
in
different
countries做定语修饰people，相当于定语从句who
live
in
different
countries.
2.
languages
考查名词单复数。名词“language语言”是可数名词，前面有数词fifteen
hundred修饰，说明改名词应该使用复数形式languages的形式。
3.
for
考查固定搭配。短语for
example例如，一本大字典包含40至50万词条。本句中for
example表示列举。
4.
But
考查连词。大字典中有40到50万词条，但是我们根本用不到这么多的词条，阅读一本故事书通常只要2千个词汇就可以了。上下文之间是转折关系，所以使用but表示转折。
5.
called
考查语态。本句中主语the
words与动词call之间构成被动关系，所以使用过去分词called表示被动。句意：你所知道的词被称为你的词汇量。
6.
bigger
考查形容词比较级。我们应该努力让我们的词汇量更大，要阅读更多的书。虽然在句中并没有直接出现比较级的提示词，但是我们根据句意能够推理出“应该扩大我们的词汇量”。
7.
of
考查固定搭配。短语a
lot
of许多，大量；就可以修饰可数名词复数，也可以修饰不可数名词。
8.
written
考查分词做定语。本句中名词book与动词write构成被动关系，所以使用过去分词短语在句中作定语修饰books。
9.
a
考查不定冠词。本句中不定冠词a修饰可数名词单数word，表示泛指，当你遇见一个新单词，在字典里查该词的意思。
10.
most
考查最高级。横线前面有定冠词the修饰，说明本句中应该使用形容词最高级most修饰。你的字典是最有用的一本书。
五、短文改错
【答案】
1.
【小题1】conducted后加an
2.
【小题2】talk改为talking
3.
【小题3】On改为in
4.
【小题4】needed改为need
5.
【小题5】most改为more
6.
【小题6】scientist改为scientists
7.
【小题7】supposeing改为supposed
8.
【小题8】去掉for
9.
【小题9】suggest改为suggests
10.
【小题10】your改为their/his
【解析】
1.
conducted后加an
考查冠词。名词interview是以元音开始的单词，应该使用不定冠词an修饰。句意：上个星期五，在第66个国庆节之前，我对James
Watson进行了一次采访。
2.
talk改为talking
考查非谓语动词。本句中动词talk与本句主语I构成主动关系，所以使用现在分词在句中充当状语。
3.
On改为in
考查固定搭配。短语in
one's
opinion在某人看来，根据某人的观点。
4.
needed改为need
本句是在陈述他的个人观点，这不是过去发生的事情，而是一直以来他们所持有的观点，所以使用一般现在时即可。
5.most改为more
考查固定搭配。短语what's
more而且，该短语在句中表示递进关系。
6.
scientist改为scientists
考查名词单复数。句意：而且我们要不断练习还要从其他的那些成功的科学家里学习。根据句意可知成功的科学家有很多，所以使用复数形式scientists。
7.
supposeing改为supposed
考查固定搭配。固定短语be
supposed
to
do
sth应该做某事，相当于should
do
sth。
8.去掉for
考查动词短语。短语set
up设立，成立；该短语后面可以直接加宾语，不需要介词for。
9.
suggest改为suggests
考查谓语动词单复数。本句的主语是James
Watson，这是一个单数名词，做主语的时候，谓语动词也应该使用单数形式。
10.
your改为their/his
句意：James
Watson建议每一个对科学好奇的孩子都应该努力实现他们成为科学家的
梦想。本句的主语是every
child，所以使用代词their或者his指代every
child。