高一英语人教版必修1（ Unit 1 Friendship 第03课时 课时同步附解析

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人教版必修一
Unit
1
Friendship
3.
Grammar：直接引语和间接引语
一、句型转换。
将下列直接引语转换为间接引语，每空一词。
1.
She
asked
me,
“When
are
you
going
to
Shanghai ”
She
asked
me
when
______
______
going
to
Shanghai.
2.
My
brother
told
me
on
the
phone,
“I
will
go
back
tomorrow.”
My
brother
told
me
on
the
phone
that
he
______
______
back
______
______
______.
3.
Our
head
teacher
told
Li
Ming’s
mother,
“He
has
gone
home.”
Our
head
teacher
told
Li
Ming’s
mother
that
______
______
gone
home.
4.
The
reporter
asked
the
girl,
“Do
you
like
your
volunteer
work
on
weekends ”
The
reporter
asked
the
girl
______
she
______
her
volunteer
work
on
weekends.
5.
“Why
do
you
stay
at
home ”
my
father
asked.
My
father
asked
______
I
______
at
home.
6.
The
woman
teacher
asked
the
students,
“Can
you
understand
what
I
am
saying ”
The
woman
teacher
asked
the
students
______
______
could
understand
what
she
was
saying.
7.
She
said,
“Are
you
from
the
south ”
She
asked
______
I
______
from
the
south.
8.
Mr.
Paul
said
to
us,
“The
moon
goes
around
the
earth.”
Mr.
Paul
______
us
that
the
moon
______
around
the
earth.
9.
“I
can’t
find
my
wallet,”
he
said
to
me.
He
______
me
that
he
______
______
______
wallet.
10.
“I
will
take
it
home
with
me,”
she
said.
She
said
that
______
______
______
it
home
with
______.
二、补充句子。
根据语境在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
11.
He
asked
________
could
tell
the
exact
time
when
the
problem
would
be
solved.
12.
He
asked
me
if
I
________
ever
been
to
the
sea.
13.
A
tourist
explained
to
a
foreigner
why
the
zoo
________
(close)
at
an
early
time.
14.
We
were
told
that
there
________
(be)
going
to
be
an
English
corner
in
the
hall
at
7
o’clock
p.m.
15.
He
asked,
“When
did
Karl
Marx
pass
away ”
→
He
asked
when
Karl
Marx
________
away.
16.
He
said,
“Mother,
the
boy
is
very
naughty.”
→
He
________
his
mother
that
the
boy
was
very
naughty.
17.
He
told
us
last
night
that
the
flight
to
Shanghai
________
(take)
off
at
eight
tomorrow.
18.
The
head
teacher
told
us
that
most
of
the
students
________
(be)
born
in
the
1990s.
19.
“Did
the
cold
weather
really
begin ”
the
child
said
to
his
mother.
→
The
child
asked
his
mother
________
the
cold
weather
had
really
begun.
20.
The
man
said
the
other
day
that
the
company
________
(say)
“sorry”
to
the
public
for
their
mistake.
三、阅读理解。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
These
inventions
are
making
the
world
a
better,
smarter,
and
in
some
cases,
a
little
more
fun.
Easy-On
Shoes
This
year,
Nike
came
out
with
their
solution:
the
Flyease.
The
basketball
shoe
can
be
tied
with
only
one
hand.
The
idea
for
it
came
from
“opening
and
closing
a
door,”
says
Tobie
Hatfield,
the
shoe’s
inventor.
A
pair
of
Nike
Flyease
shoes
sells
for
$130.
Bionic
Ears
(仿生耳)
If
you’re
tired
of
loud
noise,
you
have
two
choices:
cover
your
ears
or
leave.
But
what
if
you
could
turn
off
or
lower
the
sound,
just
as
you
would
on
a
TV
That’s
the
promise
of
the
Here
Active
Listening
system.
The
Bionic
Ears
are
connected
with
a
smartphone
app.
Users
can
pick
which
sounds
they
don’t
want.
They
are
priced
at
$249.
A
Virtual
Pencil
and
Paper
In
the
450
years
or
so
since
its
invention,
the
pencil
has
become
so
common;
it’s
easy
to
forget
how
great
a
technology
it
is.
It
writes
darker
when
you
press
harder.
Its
marks
can
be
erased.
It’s
difficult
to
copy
the
way
it
works.
That’s
what
makes
Apple’s
latest
effort
so
different.
The
Apple
Pencil
allows
users
to
draw,
paint,
or
write
on
a
screen,
just
as
they
would
on
a
sheet
of
paper.
The
Apple
Pencil
goes
for
$99.
The
Artiphon
Having
a
hard
time
choosing
an
instrument
(乐器)
You
might
want
to
try
the
Artiphon.
It
can
imitate
(模仿)
dozens
of
instruments—not
just
how
they
sound
but
also
how
they’re
played.
It
can
be
like
a
guitar.
It
can
be
like
a
piano.
The
Artiphon
is
priced
at
$399.
21.
Matthew,
a
student
with
a
disability
of
one
arm,
most
probably
chooses
.
A.
Easy-On
Shoes
B.
Bionic
Ears
C.
A
Virtual
Pencil
and
Paper
D.
Be
Creative
22.
How
much
will
you
most
probably
pay
if
you
are
a
music
fan
who
is
tired
of
loud
noise
A.
$
229.
B.
$
339.
C.
$
498.
D.
$
648.
23.
What
is
the
author’s
purpose
of
writing
this
passage
A.
To
introduce
some
problem-solving
apps.
B.
To
call
on
more
students
to
love
inventing.
C.
To
share
ways
of
making
inventions.
D.
To
introduce
some
coolest
inventions.
B
Friendship
Day
in
India
falls
on
the
first
Sunday
of
August
every
year.
It
is
celebrated
with
many
activities.
Young
people
in
India
spend
the
day
with
their
closest
friends
and
have
fun
together.
Most
teenagers
in
India
plan
a
movie
or
have
a
meal
with
their
friends.
Many
friends
may
go
on
a
drive
to
tourist
places
or
make
a
plan
for
camping.
Some
friends
go
to
the
supermarket
to
do
some
shopping.
On
Friendship
Day,
most
stores
offer
lower
prices
for
customers
and
it
is
the
perfect
day
to
buy
something
for
friends.
Some
friends
go
to
parties
that
are
organized
by
many
restaurants
in
order
to
attract
teenagers.
Such
parties
are
very
enjoyable.
You
can
get
food
at
a
cheaper
price.
Some
friends
just
decide
to
meet
up
at
someone’s
home
and
talk
about
their
happy
time.
The
time
good
friends
spend
sitting
together
and
talking
over
a
cup
of
coffee
is
great.
Long-distance
friends
call
up
each
other
on
this
day
and
wish
each
other
with
warm
feelings.
Some
of
them
even
plan
to
meet
up
on
this
special
day.
Yet
some
others
plan
a
surprising
visit
just
to
see
their
friends
cry
out
excitedly!
24.
When
is
Friendship
Day
celebrated
in
India
A.
On
August
1st
every
year.
B.
On
August
2nd
every
year.
C.
On
the
third
weekend
of
August
every
year.
D.
On
the
first
weekend
of
August
every
year.
25.
Which
of
the
following
is
the
most
popular
way
Indian
teenagers
celebrate
Friendship
Day
A.
Traveling
with
friends.
B.
Seeing
a
film
with
friends.
C.
Dancing
with
friends.
D.
Going
shopping
with
friends.
26.
How
many
ways
are
discussed
in
Paragraph
3
that
friends
spend
Friendship
Day
together
A.
Two.
B.
Three.
C.
Four.
D.
Five.
27.
The
underlined
phrase
“a
surprising
visit”
in
Paragraph
4
refers
to
“_______”.
A.
a
visit
to
a
friend
who
hasn’t
expected
it
B.
a
visit
to
a
friend
who
lives
in
a
far
place
C.
a
visit
to
a
friend
who
tries
to
avoid
it
D.
a
visit
to
a
friend
who
has
dreamed
of
it
for
a
long
time
四、短文改错。
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.
每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Mr.
Johnson
is
a
hardworking
teacher.
Every
day,
he
spends
too
much
time
with
his
work.
With
little
sleep
and
hardly
any
break,
so
he
works
from
morning
till
night.
Hard
work
have
made
him
very
ill.
“He
has
ruined
his
healthy.
We
are
worried
about
him.”
That
is
which
other
teachers
say.
Yesterday
afternoon,
I
paid
visit
to
Mr.
Johnson.
I
was
eager
to
see
him,
but
outside
her
room
I
stopped.
I
had
to
calm
myself
down.
Quietly
I
step
into
the
room.
I
saw
him
lying
in
bed,
looking
at
some
of
the
picture
we
had
taken
together.
I
understood
that
he
missed
us
just
as
many
as
we
missed
him.
人教版必修一
Unit
1
Friendship
3.
Grammar：直接引语和间接引语
参考答案及解析
一、句型转换。
【答案】
1.
I
was
2.
would
come;
the
next/following
day
3.
he
had
4.
if/whether;
liked
5.
why;
stayed
6.
if/whether
they
7.
if/whether;
was
8.
told;
goes
9.
told;
couldn’t
find
his
10.
she
would
take;
her
二、补充句子。
【答案】
11.
who
12.
had
13.
closed
14.
was
15.
had
passed
16.
told
17.
takes
18.
were
19.
whether/if
20.
had
said
【解析】
11.
who。句意：他问谁能告知这个问题能够被解决的确切时间。间接引语用陈述语序；who应位于间接引语的开头。
12.
had。句意：他问我是否去过海边。直接引语是一般疑问句，间接引语要变成由whether/if引导的宾语从句；主句动词用了过去时态，直接引语为现在完成时，变成间接引语时要用过去完成时。
13.
closed。句意：一位游客向一名外国人解释动物园为啥这么早关门。根据主句谓语可知应用一般过去时。
14.
was。句意：有人告诉我们下午七点在大厅有一个英语角。主句为一般过去时，在间接引语中，要用过去时态。而且an
English
corner为单数，因此用was
going
to
be。
15.
had
passed。句意：他问卡尔·马克思是何时去世的。直接引语是一般过去时，变为间接引语时要变成过去完成时。
16.
told。句意：他跟妈妈说那个男孩很淘气。陈述句变间接引语时，主句动词可以用tell，再根据时态可知此处填told。
17.
takes。句意：昨晚他告诉我们到上海的航班明天八点起飞。直接引语表达的是客观现象，为时刻表规定的内容，变为间接引语时谓语动词需用一般现在时。
18.
were。有具体的过去时间作状语的直接引语变为间接引语时，时态不变，仍然用一般过去时。
19.
whether/if。句意：孩子问妈妈寒冷的天气是否已真正开始。变间接引语时一般疑问句变为whether/if引导的宾语从句。
20.
had
said。句意：几天前那人说这家公司因自身错误已经向公众道歉。
三、阅读理解。
A
【答案】
21.
A
22.
D
23.
D
【解析】
本文介绍了今年最酷的几项发明，这些发明的共同之处就是给人们的生活带来方便与趣味。
21.
A
细节理解题。根据Easy-On
Shoes部分的介绍可知，这一发明可以帮助身体有残疾的人们轻松穿上鞋子。
22.
D
数字计算题。根据第二和第四的发明的介绍可知，Bionic
Ears，$249；the
Artiphon，$399。合计$648。
23.
D
主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了今年最酷的几项发明。这些发明的共同之处就是给人们的生活带来方便与趣味。
B
【答案】
24.
D
25.
B
26.
A
27.
A
【解析】
文章主要介绍了印度的“友谊日”。印度的“友谊日”在每年八月的第一个周日。在这一天，大多数年轻人都会和朋友一起看电影或吃饭。
24.
D
细节理解题。根据第一段Friendship
Day
in
India
falls
on
the
first
Sunday
of
August
every
year.可知，印度的“友谊日”是每年八月的第一个周日，故选D。
25.
B
细节理解题。根据第二段Most
teenagers
in
India
plan
a
movie
or
have
a
meal
with
their
friends.可知，在“友谊日”当天，大多数年轻人都会和好朋友们一起看电影或吃饭，故选B。
26.
A
细节理解题。根据Some
friends
go
to
parties
that
are
organized
by
many
restaurants…Some
friends
just
decide
to
meet
up
at
someone’s
home…可知，一些朋友选择去参加饭店举办的晚会，一些朋友在家聚会，故选A。
27.
A
词义猜测题。最后一段Yet
some
others
plan
a
surprising
visit
just
to
see
their
friend
cry
out
excitedly!中的cry
out
excitedly表示“兴奋地大喊大叫”，由此可知，一些人在不事先告知朋友的情况下去拜访朋友，他们是想给朋友一个惊喜，故选A。
四、短文改错。
【答案】
28.
with改为on
29.
so去掉
30.
have改为has
31.
healthy改为health
32.
which改为what
33.
paid后加
a
34.
her改为his
35.
step改为stepped
36.
picture改为pictures
37.
many改为
much
【解析】
28.
with改为
on
考查固定搭配。短语spend
some
time
on
sth在某事上花费时间。
29.
so
去掉
考查句子结构。本句With
little
sleep
and
hardly
any
break,
so
he
works
from
morning
till
night.是一个单独的句子，不需要连词so连接上下文了。句意：他从早到晚学习，几乎不睡觉和休息。
30.
have改为
has
考查主谓一致。本句的主语是不可数名词hard
work，所以谓语动词使用单数形式。
31.
healthy
改为health
考查名词。动词的后面要接名词做宾语构成动宾短语，本句中动词ruin的宾语是health，而healthy是形容词，不能做动词的宾语。
32.
which改为
what
考查表语从句。本句中what引导表语从句，并在句中充当say的宾语。连词which通常含有疑问的含义，也表示有范围限制。句意：那是其他老师所说的话。
33.
paid后加
a
考查固定短语。短语pay
a
visit
to
somebody拜访某人；句意：昨天下午，我去拜访了Mr.
Johnson。
34.
her改为
his
考查代词。从文章第一句可知Mr.Johnson是一个男性，所以使用his指代他。
35.
step
改为
stepped
考查时态。这几句话是在介绍昨天下午我去拜访Mr.Johnson时的情形，所以使用一般过去时。
36.
picture
改为pictures
考查名词单复数。句意：我看见他躺在床上，看着我们一起拍的一些照片。根据句中的some可知，我们一起拍了很多照片，所以使用复数形式。
37.
many改为
much
考查副词。本句中使用副词much修饰动词短语miss
us。句意：我明白了他思念我们就像我们思念他一样。