课件33张PPT。Unit 2
Great peopleGrammar
Revise five tensesStudying aims1. Revise the simple present tense, the present continuous tense, the simple past tense, the past continuous tense and the present perfect tense.
2. Sum up the differences between the simple past tense and the present perfect tense.
Translate the following sentences and tell what tense is used in each sentence.
1. 他总是设法独自做每一件事。(manage)
He always _________________________
____________. (时态：__________)
2. 宇航员们目前为下一次飞行做准备.（prepare)
The astronauts ______________________
______ at present. (时态：___________) manages to do everything by himself一般现在时 are preparing for the next flight现在进行时Revision3. 在返回地球的途中，宇宙飞船开始旋转，失去了控制。(begin spinning)
On their way back to the Earth, the spacecraft _________________________.
(时态：__________)
4. 那一刻，全世界都在等待着问候他们。(wait)
At that moment, the whole world _______________________.
(时态：__________)began spinning out of control一般过去时was waiting to greet them过去进行时5. 在太空中，阿姆斯特朗接到缩短航程的命令。(receive)
In space, Armstrong __________________
________________. (时态：__________)
6. 因为他的出色表现，迄今他已经被授予了五个奖项。(present)
Because of __________________, _____________________________ so far.
(时态：___________) received the order to cut the flight short一般过去时he has been presented five awards 现在完成时his excellent serviceSimple present
Used for:
1. a present state
e.g. John lives in New York.
2. daily routine(日常工作) and habits
e.g. I always go to bed at 11：40 p.m.Simple present and present continuous Task13. present actions that happen one after another
e.g. School is over and the students
go home.
4. actions set by a timetable or schedule（日程表）
e.g. The talk show starts at 7 p.m.Present continuous
Used for:
1. actions that happen right now
e.g. Look! The reporter is interviewing
the astronaut.
2. actions that happen at the same time
e.g. Mum is doing the housework and
Dad is working on the computer.3. actions in a limited period of time
e.g. I am working on a history project this week.
4. arrangements for the near future
e.g. I am leaving for Shanghai tonight.e.g. I often go to school at 7 a.m.
我经常七点上学。
He is watching TV.
他正在看电视。
I like collecting stamps.
我喜欢集邮。
This month, they are preparing for the exam.
这个月他们正在准备考试。Millie is writing about what her family members are doing. Help her complete her article with the correct tenses of the verbs in brackets.We enjoy the modern life!Task 2I (1) _______ (have) a day out with my classmates this Saturday, so I (2) ____ (need) a pair of trainers. Mum (3) _________ (shop) online for me now. She often (4) _____ (shop) online. Dad (5) __________ (search) for information on the Internet. He (6) _______ (visit) Japan next week. Grandpa (7) ________ (read) the newspaper and Grandma (8) _________ (watch) TV. I (9) _____ (want) to write an email to Wendy before I (10) ____ (go) to bed.will haveneedis shoppingshopsis searchingwill visitis readingis watchingwantgoSimple past
Used for:
1. Actions that happened in the past.
e.g. Simon played football yesterday.
2. Actions that happened one after another in the past.
e.g. Simon came home, turned on the
computer and checked his email.Simple past and past continuousTask 3Past continuous
Used for:
1. actions that were in progress at a certain time in the past
e.g. Yesterday at 4 p.m., Simon was
playing football.
2. actions that happened at the same time in the past
e.g. Simon was playing computer games
while Millie was watching TV.3. actions that lasted for some time in the past
e.g. We were having a meeting from
9 a.m. to 11 a.m. yesterday.e.g.
Two months ago, I flew to London with my mother.
两个月前，我和妈妈一起坐飞机到伦敦。
She was reading while her mother was talking on the phone.
当她妈妈在打电话时，她在看书。
She was shopping at 10 a.m. yesterday.
昨天上午十点时她正在购物。Task 4
Simon and his friends are talking about what they did after dinner last night. Complete their conversation with the correct tenses of the verbs in brackets.Simon: I (1) ____________ (watch) a wonderful football match from 7 p.m. to 8:30 p.m. yesterday. My favorite team (2) _____ (win) the match.
Millie: I (3) __________ (write) an email to Wendy at 7 p.m. yesterday. She (4) ____ (send) me an email last week.
Sandy: I (5) _____________ (practise) playing the piano the whole night. I (6) ____ (take) part in a competition this morning. was watchingwonwas writingsentwas practisingtookPeter: Last night, I (7) ______ (find) a website about travelling in space. I (8) ___________ (read) passages on the website while you (9) ___________ (play) the piano, Sandy.
Daniel: I (10) __________ (talk) to Aunt Jane on the phone at 7:30 yesterday evening. She (11) ______ (call) me the day before yesterday, but I (12) _______ (be not) at home then. foundwas readingwere playing was talking calledwas notn. 章节，乐段Simple past
Used for:
1. actions that happened in the past
e.g. I bought a new bicycle yesterday.
2. actions that happened at a certain time in the past
e.g. Kitty wrote an email to Linda an
hour ago.Simple past and present perfectTask 5Present perfect
Used for:
1. emphasizing the result of a past action
e.g. I have bought a new bicycle, so I
can ride to school now.
2. telling how many times an action has happened till now
e.g. She has been to the USA twice.have
keep
be open
be closed
be on
be here
be there
be over
be dead
be in … / be a member of…
been married转换e.g. I lived in Sunshine Town three years ago.
（一般过去时不强调现在的情况）
我三年前住在阳光镇。
He has lived in Sunshine Town since he was born.
（表示他现在还住在阳光镇）
他自出生就生活在阳光镇。The film has started for over ten minutes. （误）
The film has been on for over ten minutes. （正）
（与for, since等表示从过去到现在的时间段连用时，肯定句中要用延续性动词）
电影已经开始十多分钟了。Millie is writing about some modern inventions that have changed the way we live. Help her choose the correct words in brackets to complete her article.Great inventionsTask 6Many modern inventions (1) __________ (make/ have made) a great difference in out life. They (2) ____________ (changed/ have changed) the way we live.
In ancient times, people (3) _____ (used/ have used) salt to help them keep fish or meat for a longer time. Fresh food would go bad in summer in a few hours. The invention of fridge (4) _________ (solved/ has solved) this problem. have madehave changedusedhas solvedIn the past, people (5) _______ (washed/ have washed) their clothes by hand. It (6) ____ (was/ has been) tiring, and it (7) _____ (took/ has taken) a lot of time. With the invention of the washing machine, people (8) _________ (had/ have had) more time to relax.
In the old days, people (9) ________ (travelled/ have travelled) by ship. Now planes (10) _________ (made/ have made) journeys more comfortable. washedwastookhave hadtravelledhave made手工Remember the use of the five tenses in this lesson. Grammar
教学目标
?Review the different tenses that the students have learnt before.
1.Review the simple present tense and?the present continuous?tense.
2. Review?the simple past tense and the past continuous tense.
3.Review the simple past tense and the present perfect tense.
学情分析
The students have already learnt these tenses,but some of them cannot use them correctly and freely.
In this class, I will ?give them enough practice.
重点难点
?Teaching focus: Review the different tenses.
?Difficult points : Sum up the differences between the simple past tense and the present perfect tense.
教学过程
【导入】Great people－Grammar
??????????????????????????????????????Revision
Translate?the?following?sentences??and?tell?what?tense?is?used?in?each?sentence.
1.他总是设法独自做每一件事。(manage)
He?always?____________________________.(时态:____________)
2.宇航员们目前为下一次飞行做准备。(prepare)
The?astronauts____________________at?present.(时态:____________)
3.在返回地球的途中,宇宙飞船开始旋转,失去了控制。(begin?spinning)
On?their?way?back?to?the?earth,?the?spacecraft?_______________.(时态:_____________)
4.那一刻,全世界都在等候着问候他们。(wait)
At?that?moment,?the?whole?world?__________________.(时态:______________)
5.在太空中,阿姆斯特朗接到缩短航程的任务。(receive)
In?space,?Armstrong?___________________.(时态:___________________)
6.因为他的出色表现,迄今他已经被授了五个奖项。(present)
Because?of?____________,_____________________so?far.(时态:___________)
Task1－Presentation
The?simple?present?tense?and?the?present?continuous?tense
1.Review?different?uses?of?the?simple?present?tense.
Simple?present?tense Used?for:
A present?state????????????e.g.?John?lives?in?New?York. Daily?routine(日常工作)?and?habits?????e.g.?I?always?go?to?bed?at?11:40?p.m.
Present?actions?that?happen?one?after?another????e.g.?School?is?over?and?the?students?go?home.
Actions?set?by?a?timetable?or?schedule(日程表)????e.g.?The?talk?show?starts?at?7?p.m.
2.Review?different?uses?of?the??present?continuous?tense.?
Present?continuous?tense Used?for: Actions?that?happen?right?now????e.g.?Look!?The?reporter?is?interviewing?the?astronaut. Actions?that?happen?at?the?same?time????e.g.?Mum?is?doing?the?housework?and?Dad?is?working?on?the?computer.
Actions?in?a?limited?period?of?time????e.g.?I?am?working?on?a?history?project?this?week. Arrangements?for?the?near?future????e.g.?I?am?leaving?for?Shanghai?tonight.
3.Sum?up?the?differences?between?the?simple?present?tense?and?the?present?continuous?tense.
???时态?????????????????????????????????????????用法????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????特征词 一般现在时?????????????????1.?表示经常性、习惯性的动词动作或现在存在的状态。always,?often,?usually,????????????????????????
????????????????????????????????????2.?表示事先安排好的事情。????????????????????????????sometimes,?seldom,?never,?every?day… 现在进行时??????????????????1.?表示现在或现阶段正在发生的动作。????????????????????at?the?moment,?today,? ???????????????????????????????????2.?表示事先安排好的即将发生的动作。?????????now,?right?now,?Listen!?Look!
e.g.?I?often?go?to?school?at?7?a.m. ??????我经常七点上学。 ??????He?is?watching?TV. ??????他正在看电视。 ??????I?like?collecting?stamps. ??????我喜欢集邮。 ??????This?month,?they?are?preparing?for?the?exam. ??????这个月他们正在准备考试。
Task2－Practice
??We enjoy the modern life Millie is writing about what her family members are doing. Help her complete her article with the correct tenses of
the verbs in brackets. ? ?
1.Ask students to finish the exercise in part A.
I (1) _______ (have) a day out with my classmates this Saturday, so I (2) ____ (need) a pair of trainers. Mum (3) _________ (shop) online for me now. She often (4) _____ (shop) online. Dad (5) __________ (search) for information on the Internet. He (6) _______ (visit) Japan next week. Grandpa (7) ________ (read) the newspaper and Grandma (8) _________ (watch) TV. I (9) _____ (want) to write an email to Wendy before I (10) ____ (go) to bed.
2.Check answers by asking students.
Task3－Presentation
The?simple?past??tense?and?the?past?continuous?tense.
1.Review?the?usage?of?the?simple?past?tense.
Used?for: Actions?that?happened?in?the?past.????e.g.?Simon?played?football?yesterday. Actions?that?happened?one?after?another?in?the?past.????e.g.?Simon?came?home,?turned?on?the?computer?and?checked?his?email.
2.Review?the?usage?of?the??past?continuous?tense.
Used for: Actions that were in progress at a certain time in the past? ? e.g. Yesterday at 4 p.m., Simon was?playing football. Actions that happened at the same time in the past? ? e.g. Simon was playing computer games?while Millie was watching TV.
Actions that lasted for some time in the past? ? e.g. We were having a meeting from?9 a.m. to 11 a.m. yesterday.
3.Sum?up?the?differences?between?the?simple past?tense?and?the?past?continuous?tense.
时态 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?用法 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?常用特征词
一般过去时 ? ? ? ? ? ? ?1. 过去发生或过去经常发生的动作。? ? ? yesterday, two years ago, ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 2. 过去存在的状态。? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ???last week, the other day, in 1999 过去进行时 ? ? ? ? ?1. 表示过去某个时刻正在发生的动作 ? ? ? ??at this time yesterday, ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?2. 过去同一时间里同时发生的两个动作。from… to… , last night… ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?3. 过去一个时间段内持续发生的动作。?
e.g.
Two months ago, I flew to London with my mother. 两个月前,我和妈妈一起坐飞机到伦敦。 She was reading while her mother was talking on the phone. 当她妈妈在打电话时,她在看书。 She was shopping at 10 a.m. yesterday. 昨天上午十点时她正在购物。
Task4－Practice
Simon and his friends are talking about what they did after dinner last night. Complete their conversation with the correct tenses of?
the verbs in brackets.
1.Ask?students?to?finish?the?exercise?in?part?B.
Simon: I (1) ____________ (watch) a wonderful football match from 7 p.m. to 8:30 p.m. yesterday. My favorite team (2) _____ (win) the match.
Millie: I (3) __________ (write) an email to Wendy at 7 p.m. yesterday. She (4) ____ (send) me an email last week. Sandy: I (5) _____________ (practise) playing the piano the whole night. I (6) ____ (take) part in a competition this morning. Peter: Last night, I (7) ______ (find) a website about travelling in space. I (8) ___________ (read) passages on the website while you (9) ___________ (play) the piano, Sandy. Daniel: I (10) __________ (talk) to Aunt Jane on the phone at 7:30 yesterday evening. She (11) ______ (call) me the day before yesterday, but I (12) _______ (be not) at home then.? 2.Check?answers?by?asking?students.
Task5－presentation
The?simple?past?Tense?and?the?present?perfect?tense.
1.Review?the?usage?of?the?simple?past?tense.
Used?for: Actions?that?happened?in?the?past????e.g.?I?bought?a?new?bicycle?yesterday. Actions?that?happened?at?a?certain?time?in?the?past????e.g.?Kitty?wrote?an?email?to?Linda?an?hour?ago. 2.Review?the?usage?of?the?present?perfect?tense. Used?for: Emphasizing?the?result?of?a?past?action????e.g.?I?have?bought?a?new?bicycle,?so?I?can?ride?to?school?now. Telling?how?many?times?an?action?has?happened?till?now????e.g.?She?has?been?to?the?USA?twice.
3.Sum?up?the?differences?between?the?simple?past?tense?and?the?present?perfect?tense.
时态?????????????????????????????????????用法???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????注意
一般过去时?????????只强调过去的动作或状态,不与现在发生联系??????????????????时态状语是过去的,yesterday,?in?1998等。 现在完成时???1.?强调过去发生的动作对现在产生的结果或影响。?????????????1.?already,?yet,?ever,?just,?recently… ????????2.?强调过去发生的动作一直持续到现在。2.?在肯定句中与“since?+过去点时间、for?+段时间”连用时,谓语动词必须是延续性动词。 ??????????3.?强调过去某个动作到现在已经发生多少次。
非延续性动词??????????????????????????延续性动词?? buy?????????????????????????????????????????????have borrow??????????????????????????????????????keep open?????????????????????????????????????????be?open
close??????????????????????????????????????????be?closed
begin/?start?????????????????????????????????be?on
come????????????????????????????????????????be?here
go?????????????????????????????????????????????be?there
finish??????????????????????????????????????be?over
die?????????????????????????????????????????????be?dead
join???????????????????????????????????????be?in?…?/?be?a?member?of…
get?married????????????????????????????been?married
e.g.?I?lived?in?Sunshine?Town?three?years?ago. ????(一般过去时不强调现在的情况) ??????我三年前住在阳光镇。 ??????He?has?lived?in?Sunshine?Town?since?he?was?born. ????(表示他现在还住在阳光镇) ??????他自出生就生活在阳光镇。
????The?film?has?started?for?over?ten?minutes.?(误) ?????The?film?has?been?on?for?over?ten?minutes.?(正) ???????(与for,?since等表示从过去到现在的时间段连用时,肯定句中要用延续性动词) ??????电影已经开始十多分钟了。
练习】Task6－Practice
Millie is writing about some modern inventions that have changed the way we live. Help her choose the correct words in brackets to complete her article.
1.Ask?students?to?finish?the?exercise?in?part?C.
Many modern inventions (1) __________ (make/ have made) a great difference in out life. They (2) ____________ (changed/ have changed) the way we live. In ancient times, people (3) _____ (used/ have used) salt to help them keep fish or meat for a longer time. Fresh food would go bad in summer in a few hours. The invention of fridge (4) _________ (solved/ has solved) this problem.?
In the past, people (5) _______ (washed/ have washed) their clothes by hand. It (6) ____ (was/ has been) tiring, and it (7) _____ (took/ has taken) a lot of time. With the invention of the washing machine, people (8) _________ (had/ have had) more time to relax. In the old days, people (9) ________ (travelled/ have travelled) by ship. Now planes (10) _________ (made/ have made) journeys more comfortable.??
2.Check?answers?by?asking?students.
【作业】Homework
Remember the use of the five tenses in this lesson.?
