辽宁省抚顺市第十二中学高中英语 新人教版必修3 Unit 2 Healthy eating导学案

Unit
2
Healthy
eating
核心单词
1.
balance
n.
天平；平衡；结余，余额
v.平衡；权衡
Can
you
balance
yourself
on
skates
你穿冰鞋能保持平衡吗
If
you
earn
￡100
and
spend
￡60，your
balance
is
￡40.
如果你挣100英镑，花60英镑，那么你就会结余40英镑。
You
have
to
balance
the
advantages
of
living
in
the
country
against
the
disadvantages.
你得权衡一下住在乡下的好处和坏处。
常用结构:
keep
a
balanced
diet
保持饮食平衡
要点突破
精讲精析
keep
one?s
balance
保持平衡
lose
one?s
balance
失去平衡
out
of
balance
不平衡
a
sense
of
balance
平衡感
bank
balance
银行余额
blance
of
trade贸易差额
keep
balance
of
nature保持生态平衡
The
two
trucks
had
wheels
out
of
balance
on
delivery.
这两部卡车在交货时车轮失去了平衡。
The
boy
has
a
lot
of
disadvantages,
but
on
balance
I
think
he
is
still
a
good
boy.
这个男孩有很多缺点，但全面考虑，我认为他仍然是好孩子。
联想拓展
balanced
adj.
合理的；收支平衡的；镇静的
balanced
diet
均衡饮食
a
balanced
judgement
公平的判决
高手过招
单项填空
In
education
there
should
be
a
good
among
the
branches
of
knowledge
that
contribute
to
effective
thinking
and
wise
judgment.(2009·12·江西玉山检测)
A.distribution
B.balance
C.combination
D.assignment
解析:选B。balance平衡；distribution分发,分配,散布,分布；combination结合,联合；assignment分配，功课，任务，被指定的（课外）作业；（分派的）任务，委派。根据句意，选B。
2.
lie
vi.&
n.说谎；谎话，谎言(lied，lied，lying)
vi.躺，卧；处于(某一位置)，在于……(lay，lain，lying)
常用结构:
tell
a
lie／tell
lies
to
sb.
对某人说谎
a
white
lie
善意的谎言
lie
to
sb.
向某人说谎
lie
in
在于；处于……状态
there
lies
...
某地有……
lie
on
one?s
back/side/stomach仰卧/侧卧/俯卧
It’s
no
wonder
that
she
lied
to
the
court.
难怪她对法庭撒了谎。
West
of
the
lake
lies
the
famous
city.
那个著名的城市坐落在湖的西面。
You
are
lying
but
lies
can
not
cover
up
facts.
你在说谎，但谎言掩盖不了事实。
I’d
rather
use
my
money
than
leave
it
lying
in
the
bank.
我宁愿把钱花掉也不愿搁在银行里不用。
联想拓展
lay
vt.
放；搁；下(蛋)；产(卵)(laid，laid，laying)
高手过招
单项填空
There
was
an
oil
painting
in
the
corner.
It
there
for
several
days.
（原创）
A.
laying;
had
laid
B.
lain;
had
laid
C.
lying;
had
lain
D.
laid;
had
been
lain
解析:选C。第一空是“处于/在于……”的现在分词，第二空是其过去完成时。
3.
amount
n.
数量
vi.
合计，总计达；相当于，等同于
常用结构:
amount
to
总共达；相当于；等于
an
amount
of
...
大量的……
the
amount
of
...
……的数量
Planning
without
any
real
action
amounts
to
nothing.
只计划不行动等于什么都不做。
The
total
cost
of
repairs
amounted
to
$100.
修理费用总计达100美元。
联想拓展
表示数量的短语及用法：
a
great
deal
of，a
large／small／huge
amount
of+不可数名词(作主语时，谓语用单数形式)
large／vast
amounts
of+不可数名词(作主语，谓语用复数形式)
many，a
good／great
many，a
number
of，large
numbers
of，a
few，dozens
of，scores
of+可数名词复数(作主语，谓语用复数形式)
plenty
of,
a
lot
of+可数名词复数(作主语，谓语用复数形式)；也可接不可数名词(作主语，谓语用单数形式）
a
large
quantity
of+名词，large
quantities
of+名词（作主语，谓语与quantity一致）
I
need
a
large
amount
of
money
to
buy
a
new
house.
我买新房需要一大笔钱。
高手过招
单项填空
Because
of
mail
we
receive，we
may
not
be
able
to
reply
to
your
letter.Please
remember
to
include
your
full
name
with
your
letter.
(2009·12·江西师大附中检测)
A.
a
great
many
of
B.
a
large
number
of
C.
a
large
amount
of
D.
a
great
plenty
of
解析:选C。mail邮件，不可数名词。故用a
large
amount
of。
4.
curiosity
n.
好奇心
Children
have
a
natural
curiosity
about
the
world
around
them.
小孩子对他们周围的世界有着天生的好奇心。
I
opened
the
packet
just
to
satisfy
my
curiosity.
我打开包裹只是为了满足我的好奇心。
常用结构:
out
of
curiosity
出于好奇
with
curiosity
=
curiously好奇地
联想拓展
curious
adj.
好奇的
curiously
adv.
好奇地
be
curious
about
sth.
对某事好奇
be
curious
to
do
sth.
好奇地做某事
高手过招
完成句子（原创）
①Margaret
looked
at
him
(好奇地).
②She
decided
to
try
a
cigarette
(出于好奇).
③All
the
employees
in
this
firm
(好奇)
the
personal
life
of
the
general
manager.
④
(奇怪的是)
enough,
he
had
never
seen
the
little
girl.
(好奇心)
drove
Mary
to
open
her
husband’s
letter
though
she
knew
it
was
wrong.
答案
:
①with
curiosity②out
of
curiosity
③are
curious
about④Curiously⑤Curiosity
5.
benefit
vt.
有利，有益
n.
好处；利益；优势
常用结构:
benefit
from/by...
从……受益，得益于……
benefit
sb.
对某人有益
be
of
(much,
great)benefit
to
sb.
=be
beneficial
to
sb.
对某人有益处
be
of
no
benefit
to
sb.
对某人没有益处
for
the
benefit
of
...
为了……的利益
I
have
benefited
a
lot
from
extensive
reading.
广泛的阅读使我受益匪浅。
It
is
said
Yoga
is
of
great
benefit
to
human
health.
据说瑜伽对人体健康有很大好处。
易混辨析
benefit/interest/profit/advantage
benefit为普通用词，指通过正当手段从物质或精神方面得到的任何好处或利益。它的复数形式benefits意为“救济金”。
interest作“利益”讲时，多用复数形式，既可指集团、群体的利益，又可指个人的利益。interest作不可数名词时，意为“利息”。
profit着重指收益，尤指从物质、钱财等方面获得的利润。
advantage指因某方面占优势或利用某机会以及对方弱点而获得的利益与好处。
高手过招
单项填空
①We
should
spend
the
money
on
something
that
will
everyone.
(2009·12·福建福州检测)
A.
benefitB.
benefit
from
C.
beneficialD.
benefit
to
②Never
forget
we
receive
from
our
parents.
(2009·12·福建龙岩检测)
A.
the
benefit
B.
the
benefits
C.
beneficial
D.
to
benefit
②Never
forget
we
receive
from
our
parents.
(2009·12·福建龙岩检测)
A.
the
benefit
B.
the
benefits
C.
Beneficial
D.
to
benefit
解析:
①选A。此处需要用动词作谓语，benefit
可作及物动词，意为“对……有益”。
②选B。句意为：永远不要忘记我们从父母那儿得到的恩惠。benefit意为“具体的好处”时是可数名词，可用复数形式。
6.
combine
vt.&vi.
(使)联合；（使）结合
常用结构:
combine
into
...
联合成……
combine
...with
...把……与……结合起来
We
consider
it
is
necessary
to
combine
theory
with
practice.
我们认为理论联系实际是必要的。
Hydrogen
combines
with
oxygen
to
form
water.
氢与氧化合生成水。
The
pursuit
of
knowledge
should
be
combined
with
wisdom.
知识的追求应与智慧相结合。
联想拓展
combination
n.结合；联合；化合（物）
a
combination
of
...一种……的结合（物）
in
combination
with与……联合起来
易混辨析
join/combine/unite/connect
join侧重把原来不相连接的事物紧密地连接在一起，但仍可再分开。也指把分散的人或几个部分的人联合起来，或加入到某团体中去。常见结构：join
up联合起来；join
...to/and
...连接。
combine指两个或两个以上的人或物结合在一起。常见结构：combine
with与……结合。
unite指联合、结合在一起，构成一个整体。
connect
指两事物在某一点相连接，但彼此又保持独立。常见结构：connect
...to/with与……相连；be
connected
with与……有关系。
高手过招
单项填空
①The
two
parties
have
to
form
a
new
government.
(2009·12·福建厦门检测)
A.
Mixed
B.
combined
C.
joined
D.
formed
②
Chinese
traditional
medicine
with
western
medicine.
(2009·12·江苏如东检测)
A.
Link
B.
Connect
C.
Combine
D.
Join
解析:
①选B。句意为：那两个党派合并组成了一个新政府。combine
指原来性质或成分不同的东西合并成一体。
②选C。句意为：把中药与西药结合起来。combine
...with
...把……与……结合起来。
7.
limit
vt.
限制；限定
n.
界限；限度
联想拓展
limited
adj.
有限的
limitless
adj.
无限制的
The
speed
limit
on
this
road
is
70
mph.
这条道路的车速限制是每小时70英里。
We
must
try
and
limit
our
expenditure.
我们必须设法限制我们的开支。
常用结构：
limit
sb./sth.
to
...限制某人/某事到（某种程度）
put
a
limit
on
...
对……限制
there
is
a
limit
to
...对……是有限的
without
limit
无限地，无限制地
高手过招
用limit相关短语的适当形式填空
①One’s
energy
is
.
②
(没有止境)
what
you
can
do
if
you
try.
③He
must
our
weekly
expenditure
ten
pounds.
答案：①limited②There?s
no
limit
to③limit;
to
重点短语
8.
get
away
with
被放过；（做坏事）不受惩罚
If
you
cheat
in
the
exam,
you’ll
never
get
away
with
it.
考试作弊必予追究。
I
won’t
have
you
getting
away
with
cheating
in
the
exam.
我不能容忍你考试作弊而不受惩罚。
联想拓展
get
across=put
across
(使)被理解；(把……)讲清楚
get
rid
of
摆脱；除掉
get
away
(from)
(从)……脱离，逃脱……
get
down
to
(doing)sth.
开始认真地做某事
get
in
插话；收获
get
in
touch
with
与……取得联系
get
into
the
habit
of...
染上……的习惯
get
into
trouble
陷入困境
get
out
(of
...)
出去，离开，逃脱，摆脱
get
hold
of
抓住
get
on/along
well
with...与……相处得好；
进展顺利(多用进行时)
get
over
爬过……；克服(困难)；从……中恢复过来
get
through
完成；花光(时间、金钱等)；通过；接通电话
He’s
not
very
good
at
getting
his
ideas
across.
他不太善于清楚地表达自己的思想。
We
should
get
rid
of
the
bad
style
and
keep
the
good.
我们应该摒弃不良作风，保持优良作风。
高手过招
(1)单项填空
—You?re
coughing
badly,
Martin.
Why
not
give
up
smoking
—Give
up
smoking
Easier
said
than
done,
Amy.
Once
you
the
habit
of
smoking,
it
is
very
hard
for
you
to
.
(2009·12·江苏启东检测)
A.
keep
up;
break
it
away
B.
take
up;
drop
it
out
C.
pick
up;
get
rid
of
it
D.
build
up;
do
away
with
it
(2)完成句子（原创）
①To
my
surprise,
the
baby
wolf
(与……相处得不错)
the
dogs
and
then
managed
to
survive.
②She
never
arrives
on
time
at
the
office,
but
she
somehow
managed
to
(侥幸逃脱)
it.
③Well,
stop
chatting.
It’s
time
we
(开始，着手)
some
serious
work.
④The
news
was
a
terrible
blow
to
her,
but
she
will
(从……恢复过来)
the
shock
soon.
解析:
(1)选C。考查动词短语辨析。keep
up保持,继续,维持；break
away脱开；离开；逃脱；take
up拿起；开始；从事；吸取；接纳；drop
out退出,退学；pick
up捡起,拾起；get
rid
of摆脱；除掉；build
up逐步建立；do
away
with废除,去掉。
(2)①got
on
well
with②get
away
with
③got
down
to④get
over
9.
take
off
从……中去掉；脱掉（衣服）；起飞；突然大受欢迎，迅速流行
Her
singing
career
took
off
after
her
TV
appearance.
她在电视上亮相后歌唱事业迅速发展。
Don?t
take
off
your
sweater.
It?s
cold
here.
别脱掉毛衣，这儿冷。
联想拓展
take
away
拿走，消除(感情，痛苦等）
take
after（相貌、体格、性情等）像（父、母等）
take
back
收回
take
down
拿下；记下；拆除
take
in
欺骗；吸收；理解
take
it
easy
不紧张，不急
take
on
呈现，具有(特征、外观等）；雇用
take
out
拿出，取出；去掉
take
over
接收，接管
take
up
拿起；开始（从事）；继续；占据（时/空间）
take
apart
拆开（机器等）
take
for
认为，以为；误以为
Take
away
my
good
name,
take
away
my
life.
(谚)美名失去，生命不存。
Don?t
be
taken
in
by
his
charm-he
is
ruthless.
不要被他迷人的风度所蒙蔽，其实他冷酷无情。
高手过招
用适当的介词或副词填空（原创）
①I
want
to
take
the
book
which
you
showed
me
yesterday.
②It’s
sad
to
see
the
old
museum
being
taken
to
make
way
for
a
new
shopping
center.
③She
took
the
narrative(叙事,故事)where
John
had
left
off.
④My
daughter
does
not
take
me
in
any
way.
⑤When
she
fell
ill
her
daughter
took
the
business
from
her.
答案：①away②down③up④after⑤over
10.
in
debt
欠债；欠人情
She
was
in
debt
when
she
was
poor,
but
has
been
out
of
debt
since
she
got
rich.
以前穷的时候她欠了债，可自从富了以后就不欠债了。
联想拓展
out
of
debt不欠债
in
trouble处在困境中
in
charge
管理；负责
in
detail
详细地
in
fact
事实上
in
love
相爱
in
need需要
in
surprise惊奇地
in
touch
保持联系
in
danger处在危险之中
in
common共有；共同
in
general通常；一般地说
in
line
站队
in
mind
意欲；心想
in
order
有秩序地
in
tears
在哭泣
in
public公开地；当众
高手过招
单项填空
I’ll
always
be
to
you
for
your
help.
(2009·12·江苏扬州检测)
in
debt
B.
debt
C.
running
into
debt
D.
debts
解析:选A。句意为：由于你的帮助，我总是欠你的。
11.
before
long
不久以后
The
dictionary
will
be
published
before
long.
不久以后这本词典将被出版。
联想拓展
long
before
很久以前
long
ago
很久以前
高手过招
完成句子
①That
happened
(很久以前).
②I
have
seen
that
film
(很久以前).
③His
plan
seemed
to
be
too
difficult,
but
(不久以后)
it
proved
to
be
practicable.
答案：①long
ago②long
before③before
long
12.
cut
down
削减；删节；砍伐
cut
off
剪下来；切断；使突然中断
cut
out
切去；省略；停止（做某事）
cut
up=cut
into
pieces
切碎；剪碎
cut
through
穿过；穿透
cut
in
插入；插嘴；超车抢道
高手过招
用cut相关短语的适当形式填空
①Her
little
finger
was
in
an
accident
at
the
factory.
②She
the
advertisement
of
the
newspaper.
③He
the
park
and
reached
there
in
time.
④I
haven’t
given
up
drinking
but
I’m
.
⑤I’m
sorry
to
on
your
conversation.
⑥You
nearly
caused
a
crash
by
(on
me)
like
that.
答案:①cut
off②cut;
out③cut
through
④cutting
down⑤cut
in⑥cutting
in
重点句型
13.
“Nothing
could
be
better,
”
he
thought.
他想：“再没有比这些更好吃的了。”
句中形容词（或副词）的比较级better与否定词nothing
连用，表达最高级的含义。常用的否定词有no,
not,
never,
nothing,
nobody,
hardly等，表示最高级的含义。
—Did
you
sleep
well
last
night
你昨夜睡得好吗？
—Never
better,
like
a
rock.
从没这么好过，睡得很沉。
I
think
nothing
is
more
pleasant
than
travelling.
我想没有比旅行更令人愉快的事了。
I
can’t
think
of
a
better
idea.我想不出一个更好的方法。
高手过招
单项填空
Your
story
is
perfect.
I’ve
never
heard
before.
(2009·12·江苏南京检测)
A.
the
better
one
B.
the
best
one
C.
a
better
one
D.
a
good
one
解析:选C。比较级与nothing,
nobody,
never等否定词连用时，实际上表示最高级的意义，意为“再……也不过了；没有比……更……的了”。句中的比较对象是一个尚未出现的新人或新事物，故用不定冠词a/an修饰。
14.
Something
terrible
must
have
happened
if
Li
Chang
was
not
coming
to
eat
in
his
restaurant
as
he
always
did.
要是李昌不像往常那样到他店里吃饭，那问题一定严重了。
情态动词+have
done
①情态动词must
+have
done只用于肯定句中，表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行肯定的推测，意为“过去一定做过某事”。
②情态动词can/could可用于否定句中，即can’t
have
done
/couldn’t
have
done，表示对过去发生的事情或状态的肯定的推测，意为“过去不可能做过，肯定没做过某事”。
③此外，can/could
have
done还可用于疑问句中表示对过去发生的事情或状态的不太有把握的推测，意为“过去可能做过……吗 ”
注意：表推测的情态动词只有can/could，常用于疑问句中。
④情态动词may/might
+have
done表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测，might语气稍弱一点儿，只能用于肯定句和否定句中，意为“过去可能做过某事或过去可能没做过某事”。
It
must
have
rained
last
night,
for
the
road
is
wet.
昨天晚上一定是下雨了，因为路还湿着。
You
must
have
seen
the
film
the
Gold
Rush.
你肯定看过电影《淘金热》。
My
sister
met
him
at
the
theatre
last
night,
so
he
couldn’t
have
attended
your
lecture.
我姐姐昨天晚上在电影院遇见了他，所以他肯定没参加你的演讲。
I
can’t
find
Tom
anywhere
in
the
office
building.
Where
can
he
have
gone
我在办公楼的任何地方都找不到汤姆。他有可能去哪里了呢？
You
might
have
read
about
it
in
the
papers.
你可能在报上已经看过这个消息了。
高手过招
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空（原创）
①—Where
Margaret
(can;
put)
the
empty
bottles
—She
(can;
throw)
them
away.
They
must
be
somewhere.
②—Hurry
up,
Michael!
It’s
ten
to
three.
—Goodness
me!
The
class
(must;
begin).
I’ll
be
late
again.
答案:①can;
have
put;
can?t
have
thrown
②must
have
begun
15.
He
could
not
have
Yong
Hui
getting
away
with
telling
people
lies!
他可不能让永慧哄骗人们后跑掉。
have
sb./sth.
doing
sth.让某人/某事一直做某事，表示一个持续的动作。用于否定句中表示不允许某人做某事。
He
had
me
waiting
for
him
for
two
hours.
I
can’t
bear
it
any
more!
他让我等了两个小时，我再也无法忍受了！
It’s
rude
of
you
to
speak
to
father
like
that
and
I
won’t
have
you
speaking
to
father
like
that
in
future.
你那样跟父亲说话很粗鲁，今后我不会再容忍你那样跟父亲说话了。
Won’t
have
sb./sth.
doing
sth.不能容忍某人做某事/容忍某物
have
sb./sth.
do
sth.
使某人或某物做某事(注意不要在do之前加上to)
have
sb./sth.
done
sth.
请别人做某事(自己不去做或无法做);
(主语)遭受了不好的事情
I’d
have
you
know
that
I
am
ill.我要让你知道我病了。
Jack
must
have
his
motorbike
repaired.
杰克必须把他的摩托车修理一下。
高手过招
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空（原创）
①To
my
despair,
the
doctor
me
(have;
wait)
in
the
room
for
the
whole
afternoon.
②I
my
watch
(have;
repair)
because
it
didn’t
work.
③I
can’
t
him
(have;
make)
noise
all
the
time.
④Yesterday
Mum
Tim
(have;
tidy)
his
room
since
it
was
in
a
mess.
⑤The
woman
her
handbag
(have;
rob)
yesterday.
答案:①had;
waiting②had;
repaired
③have;making④had;
tidy⑤had;
robbed
16.
I
thought
you
were
a
new
customer
and
now
I
know
that
you
only
came
to
spy
on
me
and
my
menu,
...
我本来以为你是一位新顾客，现在我才发现你只是过来打探我和我的菜谱的……
I
thought/I
didn’t
know/I
didn’t
think表明说话人以前的想法，宾语从句随之用过去时或过去将来时。
I
never
thought
you
would
come
to
see
me
and
bring
me
such
a
wonderful
gift.
我根本没想到你会来看我并给我带来如此好的礼物。
高手过招
单项填空
Oh,
it’s
you.
I
you
in
this
city.
How
long
have
you
been
here
(2009·12·河北邯郸检测)
A.
don’t
know;
were
B.
hadn’t
known;
are
C.
haven’t
known;
are
D.
didn’t
know;
were
解析:选D。句意为：我不知道你在这座城市。你在这座城市待了多久？I
thought/I
didn’t
know/I
didn’t
think表明说话人以前的想法，宾语从句随之用过去时或过去将来时。