2017届高三英语二轮复习教师用书：第5讲 名词性从句

第五讲　名词性从句
1．(2016·高考全国乙卷短文改错)My
uncle
is
the
owner
of
a
restaurant
close
to
that
I
live.
2．(2016·高考北京卷单选，29改编)The
most
pleasant
thing
of
the
rainy
season
is
one
can
be
entirely
free
from
dust.
3．(2016·高考天津卷单选，11改编)The
manager
put
forward
a
suggestion
we
should
have
an
assistant.There
is
too
much
work
to
do.
4．(2016·高考江苏卷单选，21改编)It
is
often
the
case
anything
is
possible
for
those
who
hang
on
to
hope.
5．(2016·高考北京卷单选，24改编)Your
support
is
important
to
our
work.
you
can
do
helps.
6．(2015·高考北京卷单选，35改编)
we
understand
things
has
a
lot
to
do
with
what
we
feel.
7．(2015·高考江苏卷单选，25改编)
Li
Bai，a
great
Chinese
poet，was
born
is
known
to
the
public，but
some
won't
accept
it.
8．(2015·高考浙江卷单选，6改编)If
you
swim
in
a
river
or
lake，be
sure
to
investigate
is
below
the
water
surface.Often
there
are
rocks
or
branches
hidden
in
the
water.
9．(2014·高考大纲卷单选，24改编)Exactly
the
potato
was
introduced
into
Europe
is
uncertain，but
it
was
probably
around
1565.
10．(2012·高考新课标全国Ⅰ卷单选，24改编)It
is
by
no
means
clear
the
president
can
do
to
end
the
strike.
11．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ短文改错)After
looking
at
the
toy
for
some
time，he
turned
around
and
found
where
his
parents
were
missing.
12．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)As
natural
architects，the
Pueblo
Indians
figured
out
exactly
thick
the
adobe
walls
needed
to
be
to
make
the
cycle
work
on
most
days.
13．(2014·高考广东卷语法填空)I
didn't
understand
this
would
happen
and
my
credit
card
had
already
been
charged
for
the
reservation.
14．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ短文改错)After
looking
at
the
toy
for
some
time，he
turned
around
and
found
where
his
parents
were
missing.
15．(2015·高考湖南卷单选，26改编)You
have
to
know
you're
going
if
you
are
to
plan
the
best
way
of
getting
there.
答案：1.that→where　2.that　3.that　4.that
5．Whatever　6.How　7.Where　8.what　9.when
10．what　11.where→that或去掉where　12.how
13．why　14.where→that或去掉where　15.where
1．掌握名词性从句连接词的基本用法
(1)连接词that在从句中没有任何含义，只起连接作用，不作任何成分；
(2)连接词whether/if意为“是否”，只起连接作用，不作任何成分。若在两者之间二选一，应选择whether；
(3)连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，who(m)ever，whatever，whichever既起连接作用，同时又在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分；
(4)连接副词when，where，why，how既起连接作用，同时又在从句中作状语。
2．牢记what和that的区别
(1)that没有词义，也不作任何成分，当从句意义完整，不缺任何成分时用that；
(2)what在从句中表示“……的(东西)”(有时候可以不译)，在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。
3．熟记it作形式主语代表从句的句型公式
(1)It＋be＋形容词(necessary/right/likely/unlikely/wrong/
important/certain等)＋that从句。
(2)It＋be＋名词(短语)(a
pity/a
shame/no
wonder等)＋that从句。
(3)It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported/decided等)＋that从句。
(4)It＋特殊动词(seem/appear/happen/occur/matter)＋that从句。
4．熟记it作形式宾语代表从句的常见句式
(1)动词find，feel，think，consider，make，believe等后有宾语补足语时，需要用it作形式宾语而将宾语从句后置。
(2)有些动词带从句时习惯上需要在从句前加it，这类动词有：hate，enjoy，like，love，dislike，appreciate，see
to等。
5．铭记同位语从句的用法
同位语从句常放在fact，news，word(消息)，idea，truth，doubt，belief，thought，problem等词的后面，对前面的名词做进一步解释，说明前面名词的具体含义。引导词常用that，也可用其他连接词引导。注意：同位语从句有时不直接跟在它所说明的某个名词后，而是被别的词隔开。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．With
many
cities
in
China
dreadfully
blanketed
by
thick
haze，the
environmental
problem
is
Chinese
people
concern
most
nowadays.
2．Research
suggests
an
increase
in
voice
is
a
signal
one
is
lying.
3．
shocked
us
is
an
Asian
Airlines
plane
flying
from
Seoul
crashed
at
San
Francisco，killing
two
Chinese
girls
and
sending
as
many
as
130
to
the
hospital.
4．
makes
the
book
so
extraordinary
is
the
creative
imagination
of
the
writer.
5．
I
want
to
tell
you
is
the
deep
love
and
respect
I
have
for
my
parents.
6．Experts
believe
people
can
waste
less
food
by
shopping
only
when
it
is
necessary.
7．I’ve
put
a
cross
on
the
map
to
show
that
famous
hotel
is.
8．In
fact，I’m
wondering
my
efforts
were
all
in
vain.
9．—Is
there
any
particular
soup
you
would
like
to
have
—
you
select
is
all
right
with
me.
10．Only
when
you
go
to
New
York
City
in
person
will
you
realize
diverse
the
American
culture
is.
11．Up
to
now，I
haven't
got
any
idea
we
should
go
on
with
the
project.
12．From
space，the
earth
looks
blue.This
is
about
seventy one
percent
of
its
surface
is
covered
by
water.
13．(2016·江西红色六校模拟)It's
good
to
know
the
dogs
will
be
well
cared
for
while
we're
away.
14．The
bride
and
bridegroom
gave
attended
their
wedding
some
gifts
to
share
their
happiness.
15．Sorry，I'm
late，but
you
cannot
imagine
great
trouble
I
took
to
find
your
house.
16．The
problem
is
we
can
improve
our
reading
skills
in
such
a
short
time.
17．You
should
be
grateful
to
your
employees，because
you
wouldn't
be
you
are
now
without
them.
18．—It's
my
treat
today.Is
there
anything
particular
you
would
like
to
have
—
you
choose
is
fine
with
me.
19．What
is
concerning
us
greatly
is
the
workers
held
up
in
that
area
yesterday
will
be
set
free.
20．The
practical
suggestion
came
from
the
representatives
the
new
rule
be
adopted.
答案：1.what　2.that　3.What；that　4.What　5.What　6.that　7.where　8.why　9.Whichever　10.how
11．whether　12.because　13.that　14.whoever　15.what
16．how　17.where　18.Whatever　19.when/how/whether
20．that
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．His
promise
which
he
would
give
away
half
of
the
year's
income
to
the
disabled
turned
out
a
lie.
2．Intelligence，perseverance
and
confidence
are
that
it
takes
to
make
a
good
scientist.
3．We
are
thinking
about
whom
can
be
admitted
into
our
club.The
number
of
members
is
limited.
4．At
the
evening
party
the
host
said
who
was
able
to
solve
the
riddle
could
get
a
nice
present
as
a
reward.
5．(2016·山东青岛模拟)Whether
we
will
do
is
to
leave
a
note
to
tell
Mum
we
will
be
back
late.
6．That
will
matter
is
not
how
many
books
you
read，but
how
much
you
learn
when
you
finish
reading.
7．There
is
no
doubt
whether
teachers
play
an
important
role
in
children's
growth.
8．(2016·浙江金华十校模拟)It
surprised
us
all
Kate
made
such
big
progress
in
this
final
exam.
9．Our
teacher
once
told
me
light
travelled
much
faster
than
sound.
10．There
is
a
feeling
in
me
we'll
meet
again.
答案：1.which→that　2.that→what　3.whom→who
4．who→whoever　5.Whether→What　6.That→What
7．whether→that　8.all后加that　9.travelled→travells
10．me后加that
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
It
was
a
rainy
night
in
New
Orleans.At
a
bus
station
in
the
town，I
watched
a
young
girl
1.
(cry)as
her
baggage
was
taken
down.It
seemed
that
she
had
lost
her
ticket.She
cried
and
2.
(beg)them
not
to
leave
her
there.
The
bus
driver
had
a
face
of
stone
3.
no
sign
of
wanting
to
help，and
his
heart
was
4.
(sure)the
same.“Losing
your
ticket
is
like
losing
your
money，”
he
said，
5.
(leave)the
girl
in
the
rain.Then
an
old
Indian
stood
up
and
blocked
the
driver's
way，and
would
not
let
him
pass
before
he
said
6.
he
had
to
say.“How
can
you
leave
that
girl
out
there？You
can't
leave
her
alone.You
will
meet
your
schedule，
7.
she
might
meet
her
end.”
The
driver
still
didn't
care
about
the
young
girl's
problem.Then
the
old
gentleman
bought
her
a
ticket
and
helped
her
put
away
the
baggage.“How
can
I
repay
for
your
8.
(kind)？”
the
girl
said，“We
are
strangers
and
we
won't
meet
again.A
mere‘thank
you’doesn't
seem
enough.”
He
replied，“What
goes
around
comes
around.”
This
is
9.
I've
learned—Whatever
you
give，you
will
get
it
back.Always
be
10.
(help)and
kind
to
others，and
we'll
be
helped
in
the
future.
1．解析：crying。watch
sb.doing
sth.为固定句型，意为“看见某人做某事”。
2．解析：begged。and连接两个并列成分，时态应该保持一致。
3．解析：with。司机满脸木然，没有想要帮忙的意思。故用with复合结构。
4．解析：surely。此空修饰整个句子，故用副词形式。
5．解析：leaving。此句谓语动词为said，可判断此处用非谓语形式；另外，he和leave存在主动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。
6．解析：what。said后的宾语从句中，say缺宾语且指物，故用what。
7．解析：but。句意：你去赶时间表，她却无路可走。根据句意，这两句话存在转折关系。
8．解析：kindness。your为形容词性物主代词，后应该用名词。
9．解析：what。is后的表语从句中，learn缺宾语且指物，故用what。
10．解析：helpful。此空与and后的kind并列，故用形容词形式。
Ⅳ.短文改错
For
a
person，belief
always
plays
an
important
role
in
his
life.Anyone
who
has
strong
belief
can
enjoy
a
colorfully
life.Otherwise，he
will
lose
him
in
his
own
way
of
life.
Belief
is
so
important
what
it
can
change
one's
fate.Marie
Curie，famous
scientist，also
has
set
a
good
example.In
1898，Marie
find
a
new
element
in
the
pitchblende.In
order
to
improve
her
discovery，Marie
and
her
husband
worked
hardly.At
last
they
saw
at
the
dim
blue
light
of
new
element—radium，which
made
her
dream
came
true.
To
my
personal
point
of
view，it
can
be
seen
which
one
with
firmly held
belief
is
likely
to
get
successful
and
master
his
own
life.
答案：
Ⅴ.写作提升
根据上下文和括号里的提示，用名词性从句完成语篇。
Dear
teachers
and
classmates，
Good
morning！What
I
want
to
talk
about
today
is
1.
(为了健康快乐地成长我们能做什么)．
Firstly，it’s
well known
2.
(态度决定一切)．If
we
have
a
positive
attitude
towards
life，we
can
face
whatever
difficulty
bravely
that
we
will
run
into
in
life
and
try
to
overcome
it.What’s
more，we
should
study
hard
to
enrich
our
knowledge.
The
reason
is
3.
(我们能适应变化，更好地生活)when
we
have
power.Also，I
think
it’s
a
good
idea
4.
(我们应该结交一些好朋友)，who
can
share
happiness
and
sorrow
with
us.Last
but
not
least，we
are
supposed
to
do
exercise
regularly.It
can
help
us
to
keep
fit.
To
sum
up，I
believe
5.
(只要我们能把上面的事情做好)，we
will
grow
up
happily
and
healthily.Don’t
you
think
so
That’s
all.Thank
you.
答案：1.what
we
can
do
to
grow
up
happily
and
healthily
2．that
attitude
decides
everything
3．that
we
can
adapt
to
changes
and
enjoy
life
better
4．that
we
should
make
some
good
friends
5．that
so
long
as
we
do
all
the
things
above
well
名词性从句
[注意](1)主语从句作主语，主句谓语动词通常用单数；为使句子平衡，常用it作形式主语。
(2)表语从句还可以用as
if，as
though引导。
(3)表示“是否”，引导宾语从句时可用if或whether，但在介词后或直接与or
not连用时，只能用whether引导；引导表语从句、同位语从句或位于句首的主语从句时，只能用whether，不用if。
(4)同位语从句一般放在fact，news，idea，promise，suggestion，advice等抽象名词之后，说明或解释这些抽象名词的具体内容。多用that引导，不能由which引导。
(5)在表示“建议”“命令”“要求”，如advice，suggestion，proposal，order，demand，request等词后的名词性从句，其谓语通常用“(should＋)动词原形”。
(6)that引导名词性从句时，没有任何意义，也不作任何句子成分；但that引导定语从句时，它代表先行词，而且在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。如：
I
still
remember
the
promise
that
he
made．(定语从句)
The
naughty
boy
made
a
promise
that
he
would
never
make
a
noise．(同位语从句)
(7)what可引导名词性从句但不能引导定语从句。what引导名词性从句，有时相当于“the＋名词＋that”，表示“(所)……的”。如：What(＝The
thing
that)you
said
was
right.