2017届高三英语二轮复习教师用书：第8讲 形容词和副词

第八讲　形容词和副词
1．(2016·高考全国乙卷语法填空)From
tomorrow，I
will
be
their
UK
ambassador.The
title
will
be
(official)
given
to
me
at
a
ceremony
in
London.
2．(2016·高考全国甲卷语法填空)If
you
feel
stressed
by
responsibilities
at
work，you
should
take
a
step
back
and
identify
(识别)
those
of
(great)
and
less
importance.
3．(2016·高考全国丙卷短文改错)They
were
also
the
best
and
worse
years
in
my
life.
4．(2014·高考辽宁卷语法填空)The
(hard)you
try
to
beat
him，the
more
likely
you
will
get
hit.He
controls
you!
5．(2014·高考广东卷语法填空)After
our
plane
landed，we
went
to
the
hotel.We
had
made
our
reservation
six
months
(early)，but
the
man
at
the
front
desk
said
there
had
been
a
mistake.
6．(2014·高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)The
river
was
so
polluted
that
it
(actual)caught
fire
and
burned.
7．(2014·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)Everyone
on
the
bus
began
talking
about
what
the
boy
had
done，and
the
crowd
of
strangers
(sudden)became
friendly
to
one
another.
8．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅰ短文改错)Lots
of
studies
have
shown
that
global
warming
has
already
become
a
very
seriously
problem.
9．(2014·高考全国卷Ⅱ短文改错)The
teachers
here
are
kind
and
helpfully.They
are
not
only
our
teachers
but
also
our
friends.
10．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)In
addition
to
their
simple
beauty，what
makes
the
adobe
dwellings
admirable
is
their
(able)to
“air
condition”
a
house
without
using
electric
equipment.
11．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)As
(nature)architects，the
Pueblo
Indians
figured
out
exactly
how
thick
the
adobe
walls
needed
to
be
to
make
the
cycle
work
on
most
days.
12．(2014·高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)Just
be
(patience)．
13．(2014·高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)While
there
are
(amaze)stories
of
instant
transformation，for
most
of
us
the
changes
are
gradual
and
require
a
lot
of
effort
and
work，like
cleaning
up
a
polluted
river.
14．(2014·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)There
were
many
people
waiting
at
the
bus
stop，and
some
of
them
looked
very
anxious
and
(disappoint)．
15．(2014·高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)Finally，that
hard
work
paid
off
and
now
the
water
in
the
river
is
(clean)than
ever.
答案：1.officially　2.greater　3.worse→worst　4.harder　5.earlier　6.actually　7.suddenly　8.seriously→serious　9.helpfully→helpful　10.ability　11.natural　12.patient　13.amazing　14.disappointed　15.cleaner
1．巧记形容词和副词的功能
(1)作定语、表语或宾语补足语时，应该选用该词的形容词形式；
(2)修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子时，应该选用该词的副词形式。
2．掌握形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
(1)两者进行比较，用比较级；三者或三者以上进行比较，用最高级；
(2)比较级明确的标志词是than；最高级中往往用in或者of表示比较范围。
3．通过比较结构中的标志性词语判断空格处单词的词形
空格在as...as中间使用原形，空格在than前面或even后面则使用比较级形式；空格前有定冠词the，可以根据语境判断是否使用最高级形式。如：John
did
badly
in
the
sports
meeting.I
did
even
worse(bad)．
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2016·江西南昌调研)He
was
happy
to
see
the
customer
walk
out
of
the
restaurant
(angry)．
2．He
(late)set
up
his
own
restaurant.He
named
it
Crum's
House.He
put
baskets
of
his
potato
chips
on
all
the
tables.
3．(2016·山东省实验中学模拟)In
1964，Shirley
Chisholm's
(politics)career
began.
4．At
the
time，I
suppose，I
thought
I
was
poor.Sometimes，we
don't
realize
how
(fortune)we
are，do
we
5．If
we
carry
our
burdens
all
the
time，sooner
or
later，as
the
burden
becomes
(increasing)heavy，we
won't
be
able
to
carry
on.
6．One
person
was
killed，several
were
(serious)hurt
and
taken
to
hospital，and
a
number
of
other
people
received
smaller
hurt.Altogether
over
two
hundred
people
were
homeless
after
the
storm.
7．Even
the
(slight)movement
has
a
great
effect
on
your
direction.
8．He
was
more
than
just
an
English
teacher，because
he
also
taught
me
(use)lessons
in
life.
9．(2016·河南洛阳第二次统考)
(obvious)，a
good
habit
can
help
us
to
speed
up
to
reach
our
destinations.
10．(2016·山东日照模拟)Most
people
nowadays
are
so
busy
with
their
lives
that
they
do
not
have
time
to
enjoy
a
healthy
and
(balance)diet.
11．(2016·江西九江模拟)However，where
you
drink
tea
and
what
type
of
tea
you
drink
are
equally
(importance)．In
Hangzhou，one
of
the
(good)places
is
He
TeaHouse.
12．(2016·江西高安中学模拟)Mary：I
think
it's
important
to
be
successful
in
a
field
you
are
(true)interested
in，not
something
that
other
people
force
you
to
be
interested
in.
13．Have
you
heard
about
the
2014
United
Nations
Climate
Change
Conference？Many
countries
have
promised
that
they
will
continue
to
pay
attention
to
(globe)warming.
14．—Our
physics
teacher
is
as
humorous
as
he
is
intelligent.
—It
could
never
be
(true)．I'm
crazy
about
him.
15．—These
oranges
are
only
a
dollar.
—Well，they
are
(cheap)than
others，but
they
don't
look
as
good.
答案：1.angrily　2.later　3.political　4.fortunate　5.increasingly　6.seriously　7.slightest　8.useful　9.Obviously　10.balanced　11.important；best　12.truly
13．global　14.truer　15.cheaper
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Professor
White
has
written
some
stories，but
he
is
good
known
for
his
plays.
2．Of
the
two
sisters，Betty
is
the
youngest
one，and
she
is
also
the
one
who
loves
to
be
quiet.
3．Everything
seemed
to
be
going
smooth
for
the
first
two
days
after
I
moved
to
New
York.
4．The
two
little
girls
are
very
good
friends
and
you
can
often
see
them
stay
closely
together，hand
in
hand.
5．For
senior
high
students，especially
senior
3
students，proper
rest
and
relaxation
are
extreme
important.
6．As
an
English
teacher，it
is
necessary
to
make
English
learning
as
fun
as
possibly.
7．When
the
policeman
stopped
us，we
all
looked
questioningly
at
him，nervously
and
puzzled.
8．Cakes
of
this
kind
usually
taste
much
nice
if
they
are
heated
for
5
to
8
seconds
in
the
microwave.
9．I
can't
tell
you
how
much
the
precious
painting
is
worth，but
it
is
rough
assessed
at
100
million
dollars.
10．As
a
result，people
in
the
modern
world
generally
live
much
more
longer
than
people
in
the
past.
答案：1.good→well　2.youngest→younger　3.smooth→smoothly　4.closely→close　5.extreme→extremely
6．possibly→possible　7.nervously→nervous　8.nice→nicer　9.rough→roughly　10.去掉more
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have
you
thought
about
how
difficult
it
is
to
use
Internet
in
space
Internet
access
was
first
given
to
astronauts
by
NASA
five
years
1.
，as
they
said
it
would
help
improve
their
quality
of
life
2.
space
and
make
them
feel
less
lonely.But
connection
speeds
from
the
International
Space
Station
are
3.
(bad)than
dial up(拨号上网)．This
is
because
the
Internet
connection
in
space
4.
(come)from
a
network
of
satellites－the
same
satellites
that
NASA
engineers
on
the
ground
use
to
communicate
with
5.
(astronaut)on
the
International
Space
Station，according
to
The
Atlantic.
So
what
makes
the
connection
so
slow
6.
(compare)with
broadband
Internet
speeds
on
the
ground？7.
an
astronaut
clicks
on
a
website
in
space，the
request
first
travels
to
a
network
of
satellites
far
away
from
the
station.The
satellites
then
send
the
signal
down
to
a
receiver
on
the
ground
below，and
it
deals
with
the
request
before
8.
(return)its
reply
along
the
same
path.Even
though
the
9.
(connect)on
the
ground
is
fast，the
signal
is
slow
to
go
from
space
to
the
earth
so
the
Internet
runs
10.
(slow)．
1．解析：ago。句意：互联网接入是由美国航空航天局五年前首次给出的。
2．解析：in。in
space意为“在太空；在宇宙空间”。
3．解析：worse。由空后的than可判断此空用比较级，故用worse。
4．解析：comes。此句主语the
Internet
connection为单数形式，故用come的第三人称单数形式。
5．解析：astronauts。astronaut为可数名词，太空站的宇航员不止一个，故用复数形式。
6．解析：compared。compared
with与……比较。
7．解析：When。句意：当宇航员在太空中点击网站时，该请求首先到达一个远网站的卫星网络。
8．解析：returning。before为介词，后加动名词形式。
9．解析：connection。the为定冠词，后加名词。
10．解析：slowly。此空修饰动词run，故用slow的副词形式。
Ⅳ.短文改错
Last
week
our
class
went
a
local
community
to
visit
the
old
people.My
classmates
and
I
do
what
we
could
to
help
them.Some
cleaned
the
rooms，gardens
and
all
the
places
where
needed
to
be
cleaned.Some
read
newspaper
and
magazines
to
the
old
people.Another
talked
happily
about
the
lonely
ones.We
tried
our
best
to
show
our
love
and
care
and
we
actually
did
it.Frankly
speaking，we
were
such
happy
that
day.When
we
help
others，and
we
also
get
something
much
important.
That
is
when
you
pay，you
gain.So
please
show
your
love，show
your
care，and
our
society
will
be
more
beautifully
and
more
harmonious.
答案：
Last
week
our
class
went∧
a
local
community
to
visit
the
old
to
people.My
classmates
and
I
what
we
could
to
help
them.Some
cleaned
the
rooms，gardens
and
all
the
places
needed
to
be
cleaned.Some
read
and
magazines
to
the
old
people.
talked
happily
the
lonely
ones.We
tried
our
best
to
show
our
love
and
care
and
we
actually
did
it.Frankly
speaking，we
were
happy
that
day.When
we
help
others，
we
also
get
something
important.That
is
when
you
pay，you
gain.So
please
show
your
love，show
your
care，and
our
society
will
be
more
and
more
harmonious.
Ⅴ.写作提升
翻译下列句子
1．我从未听过比这更让我震惊的事情。
2．那是个非常感人的故事。
3．两兄弟中约翰更勇敢些。
4．你不如你弟弟细心。
5．广州是中国最大的城市之一。
答案：1.I
haven’t
heard
a
more
surprising
thing
than
this.
2．It
is
a
most
touching
story.
3．John
is
the
braver
of
the
two
brothers.
4．You
are
less
careful
than
your
brother.
5．Guangzhou
is
one
of
the
largest
cities
in
China.
形容词和副词