2017届高三英语二轮复习教师用书：第9讲 代词和介词

第九讲　代词和介词
1．(2016·高考全国乙卷语法填空)But
my
connection
with
pandas
goes
back
my
days
on
a
TV
show
in
the
mid 1980s
...
2．(2016·高考全国甲卷语法填空)Most
of
us
are
more
focused
our
tasks
in
the
morning
than
we
are
later
in
the
day.
3．(2016·高考全国丙卷语法填空)In
India，for
example，most
people
traditionally
eat
their
hands.
4．(2016·高考全国乙卷短文改错)My
uncle
says
that
he
never
dreams
becoming
rich
in
a
short
period
of
time.
5．(2016·高考全国丙卷短文改错)Now
I
am
leaving
home
to
college.
6．(2016·高考全国乙卷语法填空)On
my
recent
visit，I
held
a
lively
three month old
twin
that
had
been
rejected
by
(it)
mother.
7．(2016·高考全国丙卷短文改错)At
　
first，I
thought
I
knew
everything
and
could
make
decisions
by
yourself.
8．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)A
few
hours
before，I'd
been
at
home
in
Hong
Kong，with
(it)choking
smog.
9．(2014·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)A
woman
on
the
bus
shouted，“Oh
dear！It's
(I)．”
10．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅰ短文改错)We
must
find
ways
to
protect
your
environment.
11．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ短文改错)Five
minutes
later，Tony
saw
parents.
12．(2014·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)When
the
bus
finally
came，we
all
hurried
on
board.I
got
a
place
next
the
window，so
I
had
a
good
view
of
the
sidewalk.
13．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅰ短文改错)Unfortunately，on
the
development
of
industrialization，the
environment
has
been
polluted.
14．(2014·高考全国卷Ⅰ短文改错)Nearly
five
years
ago，and
with
the
help
by
our
father，my
sister
and
I
planted
some
cherry
tomatoes(圣女果)in
our
back
garden.
15．(2014·高考全国卷Ⅱ短文改错)We
can
lie
on
the
grass
for
a
rest，or
sat
by
the
lake
listening
music.
答案：1.to　2.on　3.with　4.becoming前加of　5.to→for
6．its　7.yourself→myself　8.its　9.me/mine　10.your→our/the　11.saw后加his　12.to　13.on→with　14.by→of　15.listening后加to
1．巧记代词选择的三个原则
(1)填写it的情况：作形式主语和形式宾语一定用it；指代前面提到的同一个物体；固定搭配，如make
it(成功)；
(2)语境中给出两个选择的情况：二者选其一用either，二者都不选用neither，二者都选用both；
(3)表示其他或另外的情况：若表示“另外一个”，即暗指除这个之外的另一个，用another；other和others均表示不确定意义，其中other可以修饰名词，而others后不能接名词，两者的关系可描述为：others＝other＋复数名词。
2．熟记介词多种含义
(1)against意为“反对；对抗；违背；逆着；倚，靠；以……为背景”；
(2)beyond意为“在……较远的一边；超出；非……所能及”；
(3)off意为“在……的外面；在……的沿海；偏离；从……离开”；
(4)through意为“穿过；自始至终；凭借；因为；由于”。
3．解决代词的题目时需注意以下几点
(1)纯空格的语法填空题，当句子缺主语或宾语时，填代词。因为在句中充当主语或宾语的应是名词或代词，而在语法填空的纯空格中是不要求考生填名词的，所以只要句子缺少主语或宾语，就该填代词。
(2)在确定填代词后，再根据语境，弄清所缺主语或宾语具体指代上文或下文中的具体内容，结合上述几种代词的不同意义和用法，确定填具体哪个代词。在选择代词时，我们要从人称、性别、数量等方面进行考虑，是指代人还是指代物，是男还是女，是单数还是复数。
(3)熟记一些习惯的搭配，如some...others，those
who...，by
myself等。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．She'd
lived
in
London
and
Manchester，but
she
liked
and
moved
to
Cambridge.
2．The
traffic
on
the
main
streets
has
a
longer
green
signal
than
on
the
small
ones.
3．Sports
help
(we)build
up
our
body，improve
our
ability
of
balance，develop
our
endurance
and
cooperation
sense.
4．As
is
known
to
us
all，Mount
Huashan
is
famous
for
(it)breathtaking
cliffs
and
unique
characteristics.
5．According
to
a
recent
survey，about
78.9%
of
the
college
students
wanted
to
further
(they)study
after
graduation.
6．(2016·苏北四市第二次调研)—Can
I
ask
you
a
few
straightforward
questions
about
yourself
—Sure.I
like
when
people
are
open
and
direct.
7．
really
benefited
me
a
lot
to
preview
lessons，get
actively
involved
in
class
and
review
what
had
been
taught
after
class.
8．She
provided
all
sorts
of
services，but
none
of
met
with
Harry's
requirements.
9．I
knew
that
could
ever
stop
William；he
would
never
drop
his
dream
of
becoming
a
doctor
once
he
had
made
up
his
mind.
10．If
a
person
has
not
had
enough
sleep，
actions
will
give
him
away
during
the
day.
11．He
came
to
the
meeting
his
serious
illness.
12．He
has
got
the
job
because
he
has
the
advantage
others
of
knowing
many
languages.
13．A
huge
amount
of
money
has
been
spent
the
new
bridge.
14．His
movie
won
several
awards
at
the
film
festival，which
was
his
wildest
dreams.
15．(2016·重庆市一中月考)The
computer
game
is
designed
for
game
lovers，young
ones
particular.
16．Although
my
opinion，the
old
professor
didn't
come
up
with
his
own.
17．The
girl
a
red
dress
is
my
sister，and
the
red
dress
looks
beautiful
on
her.
18．
the
morning
of
my
mother's
birthday，I
usually
help
my
mother
do
some
housework.
19．(2016·福建厦门双十中学模拟)The
purpose
of
the
article
is
to
draw
public
attention
the
problem.
20．Dora
has
some
shortcomings
but
the
whole
she
seems
like
an
intelligent，likable
person.
答案：1.neither　2.that　3.us　4.its　5.their　6.it　7.It
8．them　9.nothing　10.his　11.despite　12.over　13.on　14.beyond　15.in　16.against　17.in　18.On　19.to　20.on　
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Both
my
parents
miss
you
a
lot.So
does
our
friend，Cathy.When
you
come，you
can
stay
with
ourselves.
2．Reminded
not
to
drive
after
drinking，some
drivers
are
still
trying
his
luck，which
is
really
dangerous.
3．We
would
be
grateful
if
you
could
join
them
that
day.
4．What
seems
to
be
a
good
thing
to
one
person
may
be
a
bad
thing
to
other.
5．Wherever
he
is，he
makes
himself
a
rule
to
give
his
mother
a
call
every
day.
6．If
you
hear
the
alarm，stand
in
line
at
the
door
and
wait
your
teacher
to
lead
you
outside.
7．If
we
could
show
concern
to
others
on
need，the
world
would
be
a
better
place
to
live
in.
8．Global
warming
has
a
great
effect
at
hundreds
of
plant
and
animal
species
around
the
world，changing
some
living
patterns.
9．Modern
science
has
given
clear
evidence
that
smoking
can
lead
many
diseases.
10．Many
children
want
to
relax
themselves
in
weekends，while
their
parents
want
them
to
take
part
in
all
kinds
of
speciality
classes.
答案：1.ourselves→us　2.his→their　3.them→us　4.other→another　5.himself→it　6.wait后加for　7.on→in
8．at→on　9.lead后加to　10.第一个in→on
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last
year
I
ruined
my
summer
vacation
by
bringing
along
a
modern
convenience
that
was
too
convenient
for
my
own
good：the
iPad.Instead
of
looking
1.
nature，I
checked
my
e mail.Instead
of
paddling
2.
old
canoe(独木舟)，
I
followed
my
Twitter
feed.And
that
was
the
problem：I
was
behaving
as
if
I
3.
(be)still
in
the
office.My
body
was
on
vacation
4.
my
head
wasn't，so
this
year
I
made
up
my
mind
5.
(try)something
different：withdraw(退隐)from
the
Internet.
I
started
by
handing
the
iPad
to
my
wife.6.
(large)cut
off
from
e mail，Twitter
and
my
favorite
newspaper
websites，I
had
few
ways
to
connect
to
the
world
except
for
radio.I
7.
(have)no
choice
but
to
do
what
I
had
planned
to
do
all
along：read
books.
This
experience
has
had
a
happy
ending－for
now，at
least.With
8.
(determine)and
the
strong
support
of
my
wife，I
succeeded
in
9.
(me)vacation
against
the
Internet，realizing
finally
that
it
was
me，not
the
iPad，10.
was
the
problem.
1．解析：at。look
at为固定搭配，意为“看着”。
2．解析：an。canoe为可数名词，在这里用了单数形式，故用冠词修饰。
3．解析：were。as
if从句用虚拟语气的情况是当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时。如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。
4．解析：but/while。句意：我的身体在度假，而我的大脑并不在度假。根据句意，上下句存在转折关系。
5．解析：to
try。make
up
one's
mind
to
do
sth.为固定搭配，意为“决定去做某事”。
6．解析：Largely。large在这里修饰动词短语cut
off，故用副词形式。放在句首，注意大写。
7．解析：had。从上一句的谓语动词had可知应当用一般过去时态。
8．解析：determination。with是介词，后面需要用名词形式。
9．解析：my。vacation为名词，故可判断前面用形容词性物主代词。
10．解析：that。强调句型的结构为：It
is/was＋被强调内容＋that...。
Ⅳ.短文改错
On
March
eighth，Women's
Day，Wang
Lin
had
the
good
idea
that
he
was
going
to
do
something
to
celebrate
it.He
asked
his
father
help
him.First
they
did
some
housework，that
was
always
done
by
his
mother.Wang
Lin
cleaned
the
house
complete.Her
father
washed
all
the
dirty
clothes.Then
they
made
a
good
meal，cooking
fish，pork，chicken
and
some
other
delicious
dish.Wang
Lin
lay
the
table
and
set
a
vase
in
the
middle
of
the
table.After
that，they
hid
themselves
behind
the
door，wait
for
his
mother.
They
wanted
to
give
her
to
a
happy
surprise.Indeed，when
his
mother
come
back
and
saw
all
of
these，she
felt
very
curious
and
happy.They
had
a
pleasant
festival.
答案：
Ⅴ.写作提升
用适当的词替换句中划线部分
1．The
climate
in
Kunming
is
not
too
cold
or
too
hot.The
climate
is
very
pleasant.
→The
climate
in
Kunming
is
too
cold
too
hot.
is
very
pleasant.
2．Since
you
don’t
feel
well
today，you
had
better
stay
at
home.
→Since
you
today，you
had
better
stay
at
home.
3．I
suddenly
remembered
that
I
had
left
my
test
paper
at
home.
→
that
I
had
left
my
test
paper
at
home.
4．Talking
of
the
environmental
protection，everyone’s
contribution
is
very
important．
→
the
environmental
protection，everyone’s
contribution
is
.
答案：1.neither；nor；It　2.are
not
yourself　3.It
occurred
to
me　4.When
it
comes
to；of
great
importance
代词和介词