高考英语定语从句专题复习课件+练习

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名称 高考英语定语从句专题复习课件+练习
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定语从句及专项练习
语法解释:
定语从句 —— 修饰名词或代词的从句。换句话说,名词、代词后的从句叫定语从句。
先行词 —— 被定语从句修饰的名词、代词、甚至词组或句子叫先行词。
关系词 —— 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

关系词分两种: 一是关系代词(在定语从句中担任主、宾、表、定语成分)
二是关系副词(在定语从句中担任状语成分)
关系词的三个功能:
1. 连接功能(连接先行词与定语从句);
2. 担任功能(在定语从句中担任主、宾、表、定、状语);
3. 替代功能(在定语从句中代替先行词)。
A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. ——
A plane is a machine, and the machine can fly. ——
A plane is a machine that can fly.

关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which, as
在定语从句中可担任主语的是: who, that, which, as
在定语从句中可担任宾语的是: who, whom, that, which, as
在定语从句中可担任定语的是: whose, which
当先行词是人时,可用的关系词是:who, whom, that, as
当先行词是物时,可用的关系词是:which, that, whose, as

关系副词有:when (先行词为时间), where (先行词为地点), why (先行词为原因)
关系副词 = 介词 + which / whom
定语从句分为两种:限制性与非限制性。
先行词与关系词之间无逗号隔开为限制性;有逗号隔开则为非限制性。
非限制性定语从句一般不可用关系代词that引导。
唯一可以置于先行词之前的定语从句由关系代词as 引导。
以下练习详细介绍了定语从句使用的具体语法规则。
单选:
A football fan is _____ has a strong interest in football.
A. that B. who C. a person who D. what
2. The house, _____ was destroyed in the terrible fire, has been repaired.
A. whose roof B. which roof C. its roof D. the roof
3. Can you lend me the novel _____ the other day?
A. that you talked B. you talked about it
C. which you talked D. you talked about
4. The matter _____ you were arguing about last night has been settled.
A. that B. what C. why D. for which
5. They talked for about an hour of things and persons _____ they remembered in the school.
A. which B. that C. who D. whom
6. Who _____ has common sense(常识) will do such a thing?
A. which B. who C. whom D. that
7. All the apples _____ fell down were eaten by the pigs.
A. that B. those C. which D. what
8. They asked him to tell them everything _____ he saw at the front.
A. what B. that C. which D. where
9. I’ll tell you _____ he told me last night.
A. all which B. all what C. that all D. all
10. A child _____ parents have died is called an orphan.
A. who B. who’s C. whose D. which
11. Is this the museum _____ you visited the other day?
A. that B. where C. in which D. the one
12. Is this museum _____ some German friends visited last Wednesday?
A. that B. where C. in which D. the one
13. — How do you like the book? — It’s quite different from _____ I read last month.
A. that B. which C. the one D. the one what
14. Is that the reason _____ you are in favor of the proposal?
A. which B. what C. why D. for that
15. The train _____ she was traveling was late.
A. which B. where C. on which D. in that
16. He has lost the key to the drawer _____ the papers are kept.
A. where B. on which C. under which D. which
17. Antarctic _____ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.
A. which B. where C. that D. about which
18. He arrived at a time, ______, in his opinion, was rather inappropriate for them.
A. that B. / C. which D. when
19. He often helps the students _____ he thinks are not quick at their studies.
A. whom B. who C. when D. because
20. The Second World War _____ millions of people were killed ended in 1945.
A. when B. during that C. in which D. which
21. He was born in the year _____ the Anti-Japanese War broke out.
A. which B. when C. on which D. during which
22. Mr. Crossett will never forget the day _____ he spent with his various students.
A. when B. which C. on which D. in which
23. This is just the place _____ I am looking forward to visiting these years.
A. that B. where C. in which D. to where
24. We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, _____ live my grandparents.
A. which B. that C. who D. where
25. The hotel _____ during our holidays stands by the seaside.
A. in which we stayed B. where we stayed at
C. we stayed D. in that we stayed
26. I have bought the same dress _____ she is wearing.
A. as B. that C. which D. than
27. He is not _____ a fool _____.
A. such/as he is looked B. such/as he looks
C. as/as he is looked D. so/as he looks
28. The time ______ was given to us was too limited. We must hurry up.
A. when B. during which C. that D. for which
29. Some of the roads were flooded, _____ made our journey more difficult.
A. which B. it C. what D. that
30. He must be from Africa, _____ can be seen from his skin.
A. that B. as C. who D. what
31. He has two sons, _____ work as chemists.
A. two of whom B. both of whom C. both of which D. all of whom
32. The buses, _____ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.
A. most of that B. which most C. most of which D. that most
33. My glasses, _____ I was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke.
A. which B. with which C. without which D. that
34. Mr. Wu, _____ everybody likes, is going to give us a talk on chemistry.
A. whom B. that C. which D. /
35. This is Mr. Smith, _____ I think has something interesting to tell us.
A. who B. whom C. that D. /
36. _____, the compass was first made in China.
A. It is known to all B. It is known that
C. We all know D. As is known to all
37. I, _____ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.
A. who is B. who am C. that is D. what is
38. He is a man of great experience, _____ much can be learned.
A. who B. that C. from which D. from whom
39. It was such a serious mistake, _____ caused by carelessness.
A. which I think was B. which I think it was
C. I think which was D. I think which it was
40. He lived in London for 3 months, during _____ he picked up some English.
A. this B. which C. that D. when
41. The general at last got a chance to visit the village _____ he used to fight, _____ he had been dreaming of for years.
A. that/which B. where/that C. in which/what D. where/which
42. I will hire the man _____ they say is a good English speaker.
A. who B. that C. which D. whom
43. He has to work on Sundays, _____ he does not like.
A. and which B. which C. and when D. when
44. I gave him a warning, _____ he turned a deaf ear.
A. of which B. for which C. to that D. to which
45. My father has made me _____ I am.
A. who B. which C. what D. that
46. She is one of the few girls who _____ passed the examination.
A. was B. were C. has D. have
47. He is my son, _____ a better son does not exist.
A. but B. than who C. against whom D. than whom
48. As many members _____ were present agreed to the plan.
A. who B. that C. which D. as
49. You may call on me from one to five o’clock, during _____ I am always at home.
A. the time B. what time C. that time D. which time
50. China is the birthplace of kites, _____ kiteflying (放风筝) spread to Japan, Korea, and India.
A. from there B. where C. from where D. there
二. 用定语从句完成下列句子:
1. I’ve grown so crazy about everything ________________________________________________ (与大自然有关的).
2. I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains ____________________________ (挂在满是灰尘的窗前的).
3. Later in the next century, people ___________________________ (来自英格兰的) made voyage to conquer other parts of the world.
4. At first the English ________________________________________________________________ (在公元450至1150年间所说的) was very different from the English which/that is spoken today.
5. When I told her that our journey would begin at an altitude ________________________________ (有五千多米高的), she seemed to be excited about it.
6. The book ______________________________________________ (老师刚刚提到的) will be very helpful with our English learning.
7. Mr. Smith is very wealthy, but he is always driving an old car ____________________________ (门都已经破了的).
8. Scientists are trying to explain the reasons _____________________________________________ (为什么地球正在变暖).
9. Li Hua has two cousins ___________________________________ (在北京工作的), and another one _______________________________ (在家乡务农的).
10. There are three books on the desk, all of _______________________________________________ (都是有关南非黑人的平等权利的).
Answers to the practice:
1 – 5 CADAB 6 – 10 DABDC
11 – 15 ADCCC 16 – 20 ADCBC
21 – 25 BBADA 26 – 30 ABCAB
31 – 35 BCCAA 36 – 40 DBDAB
– 45 DABDC 46 – 50 DCDDC
that has something to do with nature
that/which were hanging before very dusty windows
who came from England
which/that was spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150
which/that was of more than 5,000 meters
which/that the teacher mentioned just now
whose door is broken
why the earth is becoming warmer
who are working in Beijing; who is farming in the hometown
which are about the equal rights for black people in South Africa
课件29张PPT。 定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任,修饰名词。(以分词、介词短语为例)
例: The girl behind the tree is Kate.
The man driving too fast was drunk. 定语从句
在英语中,修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。
例:The girl who is behind the tree is Kate.
The man who was driving too fast was drunk.关系代词如何引导定语从句
普通代词与关系代词的区别
I have a sister.She works in Shanghai.
代替 sister
普通代词:只起代替的作用(如上例she)
I have a sister who/that works in Shanghai.
关系代词: (如上例who/which)
1.代替先行词; 2.它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分; 3. 同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。 (把主句和从句连起来) The building is our school.
The building stands by the river.

关系代词的使用取决于先行词,它们的关系非常密切,因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词,所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后,而且它的 人称、数必须和先行词一致。The building which/that stands by the river is our school.
先行词 关系词 定语从句which/that 是关系代词,它在从句中代替先行词the building, 同时担任从句中的主语,也起连词的作用,把两个简单句连接 起来。 关系词判 断 步 骤 :
首先,要看先行词。 如果先行词是指人,关系代词
可用 who,that,whom,whose。如果先行词指物,关系
代词可用which或that; 然后,要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表 最后,定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致.
注:定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。
The woman who/that spoke at the meeting yesterday is my mother.
(主句)The woman is my mother.
(叙述客观事实 用一般现在时)
(从句)The woman (who/that) spoke at the meeting yesterday.
(句中yesterday表示过去时间)the tall
the strong
the cleverboyThe boy is Tom.The boy who is tall is Tom.The boy who is strong is TomThe boy who is clever is Tom? The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling.? The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face. The boy who is smiling is Tom.
(主语)The boy who has a round face is Tom.? The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me.The boy who sits in front of me is Tom. ? The man is kind. Everyone likes him. The man (who) everyone likes is kind.
(宾语) ? The woman got the job.
We saw her on the street.The woman (whom) we saw on the street
got the job.? The teacher will give us a talk.
We met the teacher yesterday. The teacher (whom) we met yesterday
will give us a talk.关系代词 1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)The man( who) I talked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.2.whom指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略,如
介词提前则不能省) The man (whom/who) I talked to is Mr. Li.The man to whom I talked is Mr. Li.关系代词 3.whose 是代词的所有格形式, 它既可以代人也可以代物。 Please show me the book .
Its cover is red.
Please show me the book whose cover is red.I saw a woman . Her bag was stolen .
I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.applethe red
the green
the small
the bigThe apple which is red is mine.The apple which is green is yours.The apple which is red is smallThe apple which is green is big.Can you find the pen?
I wrote with it just now.Can you find the pen with which
I wrote just now?Can you find the pen (which) I wrote with just now? 4.which 指物,作主语或宾语 (作宾
语可省略,如介词提前则不能省) These are the trees which were planted last year.The TV set (which) he bought yesterday is made in Japan. Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?Is this the library from which you
borrow books?1)This is the hero( whom) we are proud of. This is the hero of whom we are proud . This is the hero(that) we are proud of .2)The room (that) I live in is very big.
The room (which) I live in is very big.
The room in which I live is very big.
The room where I live is very big.注意: 固定动介词组不可分割,介词不能提前.例如:look after,look at …关系代词与介词: 介词放在关系代词的前面时,介词宾语只能用which代物, 用whom代人。(介词在末尾时,关系词可以省略)?定语从句中需注意事项
有些情况下只用关系词that,而不宜用which
1.从句所修饰的词又被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时
This is the most interesting story( that )I have ever heard.
The first meeting( that) we will take part in will be held in the afternoon.
2.先行词是 something, nothing, anything等不定代词时
Here is something( that) I will tell you.3.先行词既有人也有物时,只能用that
I can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see.
4.先行词是one of,the one, 或用 little, much, few, no, all, some, any, the only, the very, the same, the last 作修饰时
Is it the one that you want ?
I haven’t got much that I can offer you.
5.当主句已有疑问词 who或which时,用that
Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting? 注: who、that在指人可以通用,但下列宜用 who,不用that
1).先行词是anyone, someone, those时,关系词使用who
Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here.
Is there anyone who wants to go there?
2).在there be 句型中,先行词指人,关系词用who
There is an old man who wants to see you.
There are many young men who are
against him. ————关系副词 关系副词是用来引导定语从句的,它和关系代词一样,在从句中代替先行词,在句中作状语。 where:在从句中作地点状语,指代地点.
when: 在从句中作时间状语,指代时间。1.The hotel wasn’t clean.
+ We stayed at the hotel.The hotel where we stayed wasn’t clean.
The hotel at which we stayed wasn’t clean.
The hotel (which) we stayed at wasn’t clean.2.I’ll never forget the day.
I joined the League on that day.

I’ll never forget the day when I
joined the League.
I’ll never forget the day on which
I joined the League .(1) The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday.The scientist ? we met yesterday is very
who famous in the world.
whom
that (2) The dress is new. She is wearing it.The dress that she is wearing is new.
which
? (3) He is the kind person.
I have ever worked with him. (4) This is the best film. I have ever seen this
film.He is the kind person that I have ever worked
who with.
whom
?
This is the best film that I have ever seen.
? 单项选择。
1. This is the job ______they laughed at.
A.which B.as C.it D.who
2. Beihai Park is a beautiful park____built about 300 years ago.
A.where was B.that were C.which was D.where
3. Who was the grey-haired man ______at yesterday’s meeting?
A.we saw him B.we saw C.we saw who D.she was seen
4. The man ______is painting the house is my uncle.
A.he B.whom C.whose D.who
5. What is the animal ______baby is sleeping in its pocket?
A.who B.whose C.its D.whichACBDB6. This book is for the students ______native language isn’t English.
A.that B.of whom C.whose D.who’s
7. The robbers shouted, “Hands up!I’ll shoot anyone ______moves!”
A.whom B.that C.who D.whose
8.The dictionary_____he paid 50 yuan for is very useful.
A.which B.for which
C.on which D.about which
9The boy_____parents died two years ago lives with his grandpa now.
A.whose B.who C.his D./
10.The man_______ is smoking is a bus driver.
A. whom B.who C. which D. whatCCAAB 根据汉语完成句子:
1.This is the engineer ________________________________
(给我们作关于计算机报告的) the other day.
2.My necklace is not ________________________________. (唯一不见的东西).
3.The man______________________________________ (在这间房子里工作的)is an English teacher.
4.The old building_____________________________ (我们住的) has been here for 30 years.
5.The history book _______________________________
(封皮是黄的)was lost.who gave us a talk about computersthe only thing that’s missingwho works in the room(that/which) we live inwhose cover is yellow 根据汉语完成句子:
6.Here is the pen ________________________________ . (你昨天丢失的)
7.This is the best book______________________ _______. (我读过的)
8.I have lost the pen_______________________________. (我父亲给我买的)
9.Wheat is a plant______________________________
________________________. (中国北方 种植的)
10.I don’t like the people___________________________.
(说得多,做得少的) (that)you lost yesterday.(that) I have ever read(which/that) my father bought me which/that is grownwho talk too much but do littlein the north of China Homework:
Revise the attributive clause.
2.Write 10 sentences with the attributive clause.
THE ENDThank you!