高中英语人教新课标选修六Unit3 A healthy life全单元课件
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| 名称 | 高中英语人教新课标选修六Unit3 A healthy life全单元课件 |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2016-12-22 12:43:49 | ||
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课件217张PPT。 Unit 3A healthy life人教新课标选修六What do you think is
important in our life?Warming upHealthWhat is a healthy person?A healthy person is someone who is healthy in both body and mind.Proverbs on health1. An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
2. Early to bed and early to rise, makes a
man healthy, wealthy and wise.
3. A light heart lives long.
4. Good health is over wealth.
5. Health is happiness. What health issues do you think
concern young people the most?Cigarette smoking Drinking alcohol
Drug abuse Diet Physical fitness
Sexual health Stress Obesity2. Share your list with others in your class
and make a class list of important health
issues.3. In your group, choose one health issue
that you think is particularly important.
List five things you would like to tell
other people about this issue. What should we do
to keep healthy? 1 Discuss the following questions with your classmates.1) Have you ever smoked? If you have,
have you stopped?
2) Why do you think some adolescents
start smoking?
3) In what ways is smoking harmful? Do
you think smoking should be banned?
4) Where could you get good advice on
stopping smoking?Pre-readingA waste of _______moneySmoking may cause ______.fireSmoking may cause ___________.air pollutionSmoking is not good
for ____________
smokers.secondhand中国约十万人因吸二手烟而死.Smoking makes you bony.What are the two big diseases that you
think are related to smoking? lung diseaseWhat advice would you give?My advice is that let them get interested
in some positive hobbies like sports,
playing music, reading, playing chess
and so on.2 Look at the title of the two texts and tell your partner what you think this reading will be about. Then skim it quickly to see if you were right.Advice From GrandadReading1. What’s the main idea of the first part?
The grandfather lives a healthy life
because of his quitting smoking.
B. The three ways of becoming addicted to
smoking.
C. The harmful effects of smoking.
D. A letter explaining how a smoker
becomes addicted to cigarettes and why
he should give it up.Skimming2. What’s the main idea of the second part?
Advice on how to stop smoking.
B. How to prepare yourself.
C. Suggestions on breaking the habit of
smoking.
D. Millions have managed to quit smoking
and so can you.3. Match the paragraphs with the main ideas. 23541Who writes the letter?
To whom?
Purpose?James’ grandfatherJamesTo give James some advice and encourage him to quit smokingGo through the first two and the last paragraphs. Reading for details The grandpa is 82 years old now.
2. The grandpa thinks it easy to quit
smoking.
3. The third way of becoming addicted to
smoking is mentally addicted.
4. Cigarette smoke can affect the health of a
non-smoker.
5. Every time you feel like a smoke, you
should have a smoke.1. The first sentence of the letter shows
James’ grandad _____________.
lives a healthy life??????????????? ????
B. is addicted to sitting in the garden
C. has nothing to do at home???????? ????
D. is tired when returning from a long bike trip2. In what way did the old man try to
persuade his grandson to give up
smoking?
Using scientific theory.?????????? ?????
B. His failure in love.
C. His sports activity.????????????? ?????
D. His own experience.3. ____ forced James’ granddad to give
up smoking.
A. That he ran too slow?????????????? ??
B. That he was taken off the school
football team
C. His girlfriend???????? ??????????????
D. His parents4. From Para. 3, we can learn that ______.
A. a person can be addicted to nicotine because
nicotine is one of the hundreds of chemicals
in cigarettes.
B. a person will be addicted to smoking if he
treats it as a habit.
C. a person will feel sick if his body gets used to
having nicotine.
D. a person will really feel relaxed when having
a cigarette.5. Which is NOT the effect of smoking?
A. Causing terrible damage to heart and lungs.
B. Affecting the health of non-smokers.
C. Having the clothes turn yellow.
D. Not enjoying sport.
6. What is NOT included in the article
about stop smoking on the internet?
A. Relax B. Determination
C. Courage D. Get help from others.7. According to the letter, James’
grandad ______.
didn’t give up smoking
used to be a member of the
school football team
C. is lonely
D. wrote down the advice from
his experience8. The following statements are true
EXCEPT _______.
A. James’ grandfather was tired when
returning from a long bike trip.
B. there are three ways a person can become
addicted to smoking.
C. keeping your hands busy will help stop
smoking.
D. some people have to try several times
before quitting smoking.爷爷的忠告
亲爱的詹姆士：
今天，这儿天气晴朗。现在，我正坐在花园尽头的那棵大树底下。我骑自行车跑了很长一段路，一直到了古城堡，刚刚回来。感到不可思议吧，像我这样的年纪，身体健康而且能在一个下午骑车跑20公里。再过两个礼拜就是我82岁的生日了！我想我之所以长寿而且精力充沛，要归功于我的健康生活。
这就是我写信给你的真正原因，我亲爱的孙子。你妈妈告诉我，你已经开始吸烟了，而且还很难把它戒掉。相信我吧，我知道，吸烟容易戒烟难。你知道，当我还是一个十几岁的孩子的时候，我也吸过烟，而且还上了瘾。这儿我想顺便问你一个问题，你知道上瘾有三个方面的原因吗？首先，你会在身体上对尼古丁有瘾，它是香烟里几百种化学物质之一。这就是说，过了一段时间以后，你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁，一旦你的体内没有这种麻醉剂了，你就会感到不舒服、烦躁，甚至痛苦。你也可能因为习惯的原因而上瘾，你知道，如果你反反复复地做同一件事情，你就会自觉地做它。最后，上瘾还有心理上的原因。有的人认为，抽了一支烟后，他就会感到轻松愉快，于是就以为抽烟才能使感觉良好。我想我之所以上瘾是有着这三个方面的原因的，因此，要戒烟就很难。但是我终于还是戒掉了。在我年轻的时候，关于吸烟的危害性我知道得并不多。当时，我不知道抽烟能严重侵害人的心脏和肺部，也不知道吸烟的夫妇生育能力会下降。我更不知道，我自己吸烟还会损害那些不吸烟人的健康。然而，我的的确确知道， 我的女朋友觉得我的烟味很难闻。她说我的呼吸、我的衣服都有烟的味道，我的手指头都变黄了。她说在我把烟戒掉之前她是不会同我一起外出的。我也发现我跑得不如以前那么快，也不像以前那样爱好运动了。而当因为动作慢而被校足球队除名之后，我才知道该是我戒烟的时候了。
我把我从网上找到的一些忠告寄给你，也许对你戒烟有所帮助。我的确希望你把它戒掉，因为我希望你能像我这样活得健康长寿。
爱你的爷爷? 1. ____________________.???? ?????????
2. ____________________.???? ????
? 3. ____________________.???? ?????????????
4. ____________________.???? ??
? 5. ____________________.???? ????????????
6. ____________________.Read the second part of the text and find out the suggestions on quitting smoking:Be determinedPrepare yourselfBreak the habitRelax Get help if you need itKeep tryingHow can I stop smoking?Can you give some other
helpful suggestions?How can I
stop smoking? Choose a day that is not ________ to quit smoking. Make a list of all the ________ you will get from stopping smoking. ______ away all your cigarettes. ________ yourself you are a non-smoker when you feel like _________. Develop some other habits to keep yourself _____. If you feel nervous or _______, try some _________ exercises like deep breathing. stressfulbenefitsThrow RemindsmokingbusystressedrelaxationYou can stop smoking with a ______ or join a group. If necessary, ask a doctor or ________ for help. The most important is to keep trying. Don’t feel ____________ if you smoke again. Just ____ again.friendchemisttrydisappointed你怎样才能戒烟呢？
戒烟不容易，但许许多多的人都成功地戒掉了烟，所以你也能。这儿有几点建议：
做好准备。 确定一个开始戒烟的日子。不要选择你明知有压力的日子，例如考试的那一天。把戒烟的好处开列一个清单。在你计划戒烟的前一天，把你最后一包香烟扔掉。
下定决心。 每次当你想要抽烟的时候 ，你就提醒你自己，你已经是不抽烟的人了。把你早先写的那个戒烟的好处的清单反复地看一看。
破除旧习。 不要抽烟，而去干点别的事情。去散散步、刷刷牙、喝点水、打扫房间。其实，只要是能使你的脑，特别是手不要空闲的事情，你都可以去做。放松休息。 如果你开始感到紧张有压力了，不要伸手去拿烟。尝试着去做深呼吸。学习一些放松运动，每当你感到有压力时，就做一些放松运动。
寻求帮助。和你的一位朋友一起来做好戒烟的安排，以便你能向他谈谈你的问题，或者参加戒烟俱乐部。如果你感到非常难受，你也可以找医生或药剂师来谈谈，帮你想点办法，像尼古丁口香糖。
坚持尝试。据发现，有些人尝试了好几次，才最终把烟戒掉，如果你因意志薄弱而又抽烟了，也不要觉得难为情。再戒一次就是了。最终你会成功的。 1 Fill in the chart with information from the reading passage. physicallyhabitmentallyComprehendingyour heartbecoming pregnantsmellhealthenjoy2 Discuss these questions in groups to check your comprehension.1. What kind of person do you think James’ grandfather is?
2. What other information could have been included?
3. What do you think can be done to protect non-smokers (especially women and babies) from those who smoke?What kind of person do you think
James’ grandfather is?
He is fit and healthy and leads an active
life. He takes an interest in his daughter’s
and grandson’s well-being. He is
knowledgeable. He reads the internet.
He appears to love his grandson. 2. What other information could have
been included?
1) Even non-smokers can get smoking
related illnesses by breathing in air
polluted by smoke.
2) Pregnant women who smoke can
produce smaller, less healthy babies
with a lower IQ.3. What do you think can be done to protect
non-smokers (especially women and babies)
from those who smoke?
1) a non-smoking policy in public places
such as buses, train, restaurants, cinemas, etc.
2) Separate smoking and non-smoking
areas in public places
3) A campaign to highlight the dangers of
smoking for smokers and non-smoking
people
3 Make a summary of the advice on how
to stop smoking. Be sure to use your own
words and no more than five sentences.1. It seems amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometers in an afternoon.令人吃惊的是，像我这样的年纪，身体健康而且能在一个下午骑车跑20公里。此句中，it作 ________, that引导的从句作 ________, seem为 ______, 所以此句为it + 系动词 + 形容词 + that从句的结构。形式主语真正主语系动词2. I think my long and active life must
be due to the healthy life I live.我想我之所以长寿且精力充沛，这都要归功于我过的健康生活。此句中包含两个从句, 一为think的 ____ ____ (my long …live), 省略关系词 ____; 另一个为名词life的 ________ (I live), 省略关系代词 _________, 关系代词在定语从句中作 ____, 可省略。宾语从句that定语从句that/which宾语due adj. ______ ______ ______欠款的预定的到期的1. 这笔钱是欠我的，而我至今尚未拿到。
The money __ ____ __ ___, but I haven’t
got it yet.
2. 他预定明天离开北京。
He __ ___ __ _____ Beijing tomorrow.
3. 银行贷款本月到期。
The bank loan __ ____ ____ _______.is due to meis due to leave is due this month因为，由于
____________
____________
____________
____________
____________due tobecause ofthanks toowing toas a result ofThe brother and sister walked difficultly step by step ____ ___ ___ ______.due to the stormHer success was ____ ___ her hard work. due toYou see, during adolescence I also smoked and became addicted to cigarettes. 你知道，当我还是一个十几岁的孩子的时候，我也吸过烟而且还上了瘾。become / be addicted to 对……入迷，成瘾3 become / be addicted toHer son ___ ________ ___ computer games. is addicted toThey have become addicted to
________.drinking4. by the way 顺便提一下e.g. By the way, do you have any idea
where the post office is? 顺便问一下, 你知道邮局在哪儿吗? 顺便说
用这种方法
在……途中
一路上，始终
在某种程度上
挡道，妨碍by the wayin this wayon the wayall the wayin a wayin the way1. ____ ____ _____, do you have any
idea where the post office is?
2. The children have some candy to
eat ___ ____ ____ home.
3. They were singing ___ ___ _____.By the wayon the wayall the way4. __ ___ ____, he found himself another
life, as his daughter suggested.
5. The work is well done ___ ___ ____.
6. Her social life got ___ ____ ____ of her
studies. In this wayin a wayin the way5. This means that after a while your
body becomes accustomed to having
nicotine in cigarettes.这意味着，过一段时间之后，你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。此句中含有一个that引导的 ____ 从句(that…cigarettes), become accustomed to 意为 ______, to为 ____, 后接名词、动名词。宾语习惯于介词The boy _______ ___________ __ ________ every morning. became accustomed to readingbe accustomed to 6. As you know, if you do the same thing
over and over again, you begin to do it
automatically.正如你所知道的，如果你反复的做同样的一件事，你就会自动做它。As you know为 _________________, 其余部分为主句; 在主句中包含一个if引导的____________。非限制性定语从句条件状语从句He coughed _____ ____ _____ _____.over and over againover and over again 7. But I did finally manage.但是我终于还是戒掉了。在“do + 动词原形”中，do为助动词，意为 _________________, 用于肯定句和祈使句中，起到加强语气的作用，有 _____ 和 ____ 的变化。确实，的确，真的人称数 千万要小心。
_________________
2. 她英语说得确实好。
__________________________
3. 汤姆昨天确实来过这儿。
__________________________Do be careful!She does speak English well.Tom did come here yesterday.8. When I was young, I didn’t know much
about the harmful effects of smoking.在我年轻的时候，关于吸烟的危害性我知道得并不多。When I was young在此句中作 ________, 介词about宾语为 ____________________
________。effect是 _____, 意为_________________。时间状语 the harmful effects of smoking 名词影响，作用，效果Automobile exhaust can _____ ______________ children.havea bad effect on have an effect on The medicine __________________ the patient.has a good effect onhave an impact on9. When I was taken off the school
football team because I was unfit, I
knew it was time to quit smoking.当我因为不健康而被校足球队除名之后，我才知道该是我戒烟的时候了。此句为复合句，主句为I knew…smoking, 从句是when…unfit，when引导的_____________; because I was unfit 在从 句中作 ________，it was time to quit smoking在主句中作knew的 _____。时间状语从句原因状语宾语 quit vt. (quit --- quit --- quit;
quit --- quitted --- quitted)1. 离开; 退出 He _______ Paris after a week. 他一周后离开了巴黎。
2. 放弃 [+v-ing] He has ____ smoking. 他已戒了烟。 quittedquit________ for him ______________.It’s timeto go to school It’s (high) time (for sb.) to do sth.It’s (high) time (that) sb. ____ sth. / _______ do sth.
是某人该做某事的时候了。
It is the first /second … time that sb. ________ ______ sth.
It was the first/second … time that sb. ____ ______ sth.
这是某人第一次、第二次……做某事。 have/has done had donedidshouldDecide on a day to quit.决定一个开始戒烟的日子。10. decide on We ________ ____ Spain for our holiday this year.decided on11. Every time you feel like smoking a
cigarette, remind yourself that you
are a non-smoker.每次你想要吸烟的时候，你就提醒自己，你不是一个吸烟的人了。此句为复合句，every time在句中作_____, 后接 _____________, 表示“______”。连词时间状语从句每次the first time第一次
每次
一……就……
最后一次
一……就……
下次the moment / minute / instantevery time/each timethe last timeimmediatelynext time1. 每次我去看他，他总是在忙着工作。
______ _____ I go to see him, he is
always busy working.
2. 他一到，我就告诉他了。
I told him ____________ he arrived.
I told him ____ ________ he arrived.
3. 我第一次给学生做演讲时感到很紧张。
I felt nervous ___ ____ ____ I gave a
speech to many students. Every timeimmediately the moment the first time1. 表示“摸起来像……”The elephant
_____ ____ a rope.
大象摸起来像根绳子。feels like12. feel like 2. 表示“感觉像(是)……”My legs ____ ____ cotton wool.
我感觉两条腿像棉花一样。feel like3. 表示“想吃或喝……”Do you ____ ____ a drink?
你想喝点什么吗?feel like4. 表示“想做……” (后接doing)I don’t ____ ____ cooking. Let’s eat out. 我不想做饭，我们出去吃吧。feel likeThey ___ ____ _____ physical exercise.feel like doing13. in spite of ______ ( ___ 词短语)尽管介I went out in spite of the rain. 尽管下雨我仍外出了。 后接名词 in spite of ; despite; although; though虽然；尽管介词连词单词短语句子都有“_____”的意思，despite是 __ 词，后接 __ 词或 __词；而although = ______ 是__ 词，后接表示让步的状语从句。例如： I think he is sad, _______ / _________ his smiles.? 尽管他在微笑，我认为他很悲伤。? We went for a walk ________/_______ it was raining.? 尽管下雨，我们还是去散步了。尽管介名代though连despite in spite of althoughthough14. take risks ________ take risks _____ 为……而冒险
take risks _____ 冒险做……冒险forto doe.g. They never take risks for god.
他们从不为神冒险。Take risks to improve your business.
冒险改善你的业务。Do either of you smoke cigarettes or drink?alcohol?
你们俩有人吸烟或喝酒吗？
The?abuse?of women needs to be treated seriously and sensitively.
虐待妇女问题需要得到严肃而认真的处理。
Young?adolescents?are happiest with small groups of close friends.
青少年在和自己小圈子里的好友呆在一起时最为开心。
Poor housing and family?stress?can affect both physical and mental health.?
住房条件差、家庭压力大会影响身心两方面的健康。
There is a complete?ban?on low-flying aircraft.??
飞机一律禁止低空飞行。
He has a?tough?character.?
他有一个坚韧的性格。He grew tall during his?adolescence.?
他在青春发育期长高了。
The commander ordered an immediate?withdrawal?of the troops.??
指挥员命令部队立即撤退。
Certain kinds of property are transferred?automatically?at death.??
死亡时某些财产会自动转让。He arrived?breathless?at the top of the stairs. 他爬上楼梯顶时气喘吁吁的。
He?wished?to join the army, but was rejected as?medically?unfit.??
他想要参军,?但因体检不合格而未被批准.?
The bridge must be?strengthened.?
这座桥必须加固。
Elinor bought her a?packet?of biscuits.??
埃莉诺给她买了一袋饼干。Yet?desperate?people?do?desperate?deeds.?
然而，绝望的人会做出绝望的事。
A?chemist?can?isolate?the?oxygen?from the?hydrogen?in?water.??
一个化学家能把水中的氧和氢分解.
My?parents?will?be?disappointed?with?me?if?I?fail in?the?exam.?
要是我考试不及格，我父母会对我感到失望的。
?I felt?ashamed?of myself.??我感到惭愧。Discovering useful words and expressionsFind a word or phrase from the text that means the same as the underlined words in each sentence.1 You will be able to stop smoking
eventually if you are determined enough.2. Having lived in Hawaii all his life, he was
not used to the cold of Northern Europe.3. She felt embarrassed about her body
shape, so she decided to go on a diet.4. Running a marathon will leave you out of
breath. 5. You really have no idea just how hopeless
cancer can make you feel.6. The effects of drinking too much alcohol
on your health can be serious. 7. Doing exercises every day can not only
make your muscles stronger but also help
you relax.8. If you are expecting a baby, your smoking
habit might cause problems for it. In spite of all his efforts he failed. He was
so upset about himself that he felt like crying.10. He felt he had to make up his mind on
every step instead of taking risks.Fill in the blanks with words or phrases from below.due to cigarettes tough unfit
alcohol mental quit
withdrawal adolescents
addicted to stress effects 2Smoking _________, drinking _______ or
taking other drugs produce many harmful
______ and have no real benefits. So why
do ___________ do it? Perhaps some think
it makes them look ______ or cool. Others
may think it will help them with ______ in
their lives possibly ______ pressure from
parents or teachers.cigarettesalcoholeffectsadolescentstough stress due to Some may just want to experiment. What
they do not realize is how easy it is to
become __________ smoking. In fact it is
the _______ addiction rather than the
physical effects that makes it really hard
to ____ smoking. When an adolescent
realizes how _____ he or she is becoming,
it is too late. addicted to mental quit unfit Sadly the __________ symptoms can be
quite severe for some people. Of course
the best way to deal with these drugs
is not to get into the habit in the first
place! withdrawal 3Get into groups of four and play a game. Each person should take turns to make a sentence using one of the words below so that the group can make up a story with four sentences. desperate disappointed ashamed addicted stressful tough pregnant breathless accustomed abnormalDiscovering useful structures1. it的最基本用法是作代词，主要指刚提到的事物，以避免重复:
Xi’an is?a?beautiful?city, isn’t?it?
2. 也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子):
Is this your dog？No, it isn’t.一、it 作人称代词The use of “it” (1)it有时并不指具体的东西，而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等，称为非人称的it：
1. 指天气：
It is a lovely day, isn’t?it?
It is a bit windy. 二、it作非人称代词 2. 指时间:
It was nearly midnight when she came back.
3. 指环境:
It was very quiet in?the?café.
4. 指距离：
It is half an hour’s?walk?to the city centre from my home.5. 指日期：
--What's the date today?
--It's May 1, 2007.
6. 指季节：
It is summer now.
7. 指度量：
It is about 5 kilograms.
8. 指价值：
----What's the cost of the T-shirt?
----It is 150 yuan.
替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。三、it用作形式主语（1）It+ be+ adj.（for sb.）to do sth.
此处adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词：easy，difficult，hard，necessary，unnecessary，possible，impossible，likely，unlikely，right，wrong，important，unimportant，legal，illegal，polite，impolite，clear，obvious，，useless，dangerous…
It is illegal（for a teenager）to drive a car without a license.
1. 代作主语的动词不定式（2）It+ be +adj.+ of sb. to do sth.
此处adj. 通常为描述人的形容词：kind，unkind，nice，rude，cruel，considerate，thoughtful，thoughtless，careful，careless，silly，foolish，stupid，clever，wise，crazy.
It's kind of you to help me with the problem.
It's no good/use /great fun doing…
It's（well）worth doing…
It's（well）worthwhile doing/ to do
It's no use crying over spilt milk.(3) It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型2. it作形式主语替代主语从句 It is clear ( obvious，true，possible, certain …) that ...
该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，常译为“清楚（显然, 真的……）”
是主语从句最常见的一种结构。例如：
It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree.
①It+ is+ adj. +that clause It is said (reported/ learned/believed
/thought/known/told/hoped.....) that ...
该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正主语是that 引导的主语从句；该结构常译为“据说（据报道，据悉．．．）”。
It is said that he has come to Beijing.
It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.②It +is +v-ed that…=sb./sth. is to do It ＋不及物动词＋that从句 此句型中不及物动词常见的有：seem， happen， appear， matter等。如： It seems that there will be a heavy snow tomorrow． It happened that I met my good friends in the museum yesterday． ③ It +is + noun +从句 It is a pity (a shame /an honor /a good thing/a fact /a surprise/... ) that ...
该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should可省去．表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。例如：
It is a pity that such a thing (should) happen in your class.
这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！
四、it作形式宾语 当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词、宾语从句时，往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面，而用it 作形式宾语，放在宾语补足语之前。
该句型中的it 作形式宾语，常用的动词有think, believe, make, find, consider, feel等。 I think it no use arguing with him.
我认为和他争吵没有用。
I found it very interesting to study English.
我发现学英语非常有趣。
He made it clear that he was not
interested in this subject.
他非常清楚地表示他对那门学科不感兴趣。●含有 it 的其它句型：
1.It is time (for sb.) to do sth.
2.It is (high) time that sb. did sth. (虚拟语气)
3.It takes sb．＋一段时间＋to do sth．表示“做某事花费某人多长时间”。如： It took us half an hour to ride to the town by the sea．
4.It is/has been +段 时间 + since … 从……已多久了。
It is five months since I arrived in New York.我到纽约已经五个月了。
It is five months since I was in New York.我离开纽约已经五个月了。
（注意：终止性动词表示从动作发生时算起；如果是状态动词或持续性动词，则从动作或状态结束时算起。）
5.It was/will be + 时间 + before …
这个句型中时间是时间段，如long、years、months、weeks、five days、three hours、twenty minutes等。不过主句的时态多用一般将来时或一般过去时。“…之后才”，“没过……就……” ,如:It will be several years before we meet again.
我们要过好几年才能再见面。
It was not long before they set out for the front.不久他们就出发去了前线。6.It is /was/ the first/second/third … time that …
It is the first time that I have been here.
It was the second time that he had seen the film.7. it is +具体的时间…..+when…
该句型中的when引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的it指时间，表语由具体的时间充当。常译为“当……的时候，是……”
It was 11 o’clock when he came back.
Go over the first reading passage again and note the use of "it”. “It” is a very useful word in English and can be used in many ways. Here are two ways.还想跑？甭想！想追我?
没门！
●“It” can be used in the subject or object position to stand for an infinitive, -ing form or a clause.
● Impersonal “it” can be used talk about time, distance, weather, etc.
Answer key for Exercise 2 on page 21:It is difficult to give up smoking.
It seems that some young people think they look attractive when they smoke.
It is believed that smoking causes cancer.4. It is no use trying to quit on a stressful day.
5. It is astonishing that China produces one-third of the world’s cigarettes.
6. It is illegal to advertise cigarettes in this country.
7. It is wonderful that my father has quit
smoking at last.
8. It was a dark and stormy night when the
old man started his journey.
9. It is likely that you could suffer from bad
health if you keep smoking.
10. It is necessary for you to take pills to
control your blood pressure.Hi Su!
Sorry I haven’t written for such a long time. I have been very busy with study. I hope you are well and you get/are getting plenty of rest.
I have not been very well lately so I went to the doctor and guess what? It seems I have been doing too much study and not getting enough relaxation! It was shocking to find that I was suffering from stress. The doctor told me I have to balance my work with other activities. It won’t be easy because my study is so important and I never seem to have enough time for everything. Answer key for Exercise 1 on page 57:But the doctor said it was likely that I would get really sick if I didn’t take some time out from study. Do you know that students who spend 30 minutes a day doing physical exercise or other relaxing activities actually do better in exams than those who study all the time? It is interesting, isn’t it? Anyway, I have worked out a programme for myself. I now stop for an hour at lunchtime to sit and chat with my friends and I take a walk in the park with my grandmother’s dog after school. I also watch a film on television once a week and I have even started doing T’aiChi with my mother first thing in the morning. And you know, it is surprising how much more work I now get done, and I feel great! I have much more energy and, best of all – no more headaches! It is wonderful.
I must go now. It is a beautiful day so I will/am going to take my books outside and study in the sunshine for a while.
Please write back when you have time.Answer key for Exercise 2 on page 57:c
f
d
a
g
e
b.
careful
person.It is a bad habit for both
males and females.
It is something you shouldn’t start because you will be addicted to it.
It is something which is illegal.
It is a very expensive habit
and so will waste your money.drug taking
Suggested answers to Exercise 3 on page 58:.
careful
person.It is a bad habit for males and females.
You can become addicted to it.
Some people think you are grownup if you do this.
It makes you smell bad, and turn your teeth yellow.
smoking
.
careful
person.It is a disease you can catch if you have unprotected sex.
This illness stay in your body for a long time and eventually weakens your immune system.
There is no cure at the moment for this illness.AIDS
.
careful
person.It is a bad habit for males
and females.
It begins as a social activity
at mealtimes.
It only becomes a problem when a person has too much
too often.
It can become addictive and cause great harm to the body.drinking alcohol
Using languageReading and discussingLet’s see some sad AIDS patients. red ribbonred ribbonIt is the symbol of image ambassadorSome facts: By the end of 2003, an estimated 42 million around the world were living with HIV/AIDS.
During the year, 5 million people became infected and an estimated 3 million people died.
About one-third of people living with HIV/AIDS are 15-24 years of age. More than 7 million people in Asia and the Pacific are living with HIV/AIDS.Choose a main idea for each part Part 1
Part 2
Part 3Ways to protect yourself.
Some wrong statements about AIDS.
Background information
about HIV / AIDS. SkimmingListening
Listen to the passage and tick all the
words and expressions mentioned in it.
( ) flu virus ( ) SARS virus
( ) survival ( ) immune system ( )mosquito ( )prejudice
( )homosexual Choose the best answers.1) The word “homosexuals” means _____.
A. people only attracted by the same sex
B. people who don’t care about
themselves
C. people who are very sexy.
D. people who often have sex.Scanning2) We can infer from the passage that
____.
A. HIV is equal to AIDS
B. HIV is different from AIDS
C. HIV weakens a person’s immune
system
D. people can have HIV in their
blood for quite a long time3) In order to stay safe, you _________.
A. should not share needles with
someone else.
B. have to avoid using anything else
that the person has used while
injecting drugs.
C. should use a condom if you have
sex with another one.
D. All of the above.True or false?1 You can only get HIV from injecting
drugs.
2 It is very likely that you will die if you
get infected with HIV.
3 If you look healthy, you cannot have
HIV.4 It could be dangerous to have sex
without a condom.
5 Taking food from the same dishes as
someone infected with HIV will give
you HIV too.
6 If you have HIV, you will always get
AIDS eventually.7.People who have not injected drugs do not need to get tested for HIV.
8.You will become infected with HIV by swimming in the same pool with someone carrying HIV.9.People who have HIV look different from everyone else.1. What is HIV?HIV is a virus, a small living thing leading people to disease.Careful readingA virus is a very small living thing
that cause disease.2. What’s a virus?3. What is AIDS?
AIDS stands for Acquired Immune
Deficiency Syndrome.
(后天免疫缺陷综合症)AIDS is a disease. The stage of having HIV in one’s body is called AIDS.4. How does HIV affect people’s health?
HIV virus weakens a person’s immune system and eventually it damages the immune system so much that the body can no longer fight against disease.5. What is the difference between AIDS and HIV?
HIV is a virus, while AIDS is the stage of the illness caused by HIV.incurable disease6. Is there a cure for AIDS and HIV at
the moment?HIV is a _____. It weakens a person’s ________ system. The _____ of the illness is called AIDS. HIV is spread through ______ or the _____ that the body makes during sex. Until now, scientists do not have a _____ for the disease. So, you need to _______ yourself. If you inject drugs, do not share your ________ virus immune stageblood fluid cureprotect needleSummarywith anyone else. If you have sex with a male or a female, use a _______. If one sexual partner has HIV, the other partner could become ________. You can not tell by _______ at someone whether or not they have HIV. It’s wrong to think that only ____________ get AIDS. Anyone who has sex with a condom infected looking homosexuals person infected with HIV _____ getting the virus. If you hug, touch or _____ someone with AIDS, you cannot get the disease. There is no ________ that mosquitoes can spread the disease. risks kiss evidenceHIV病毒/艾滋病：你是否面临危险？
HIV是一种病毒（人体免疫缺损病毒）。病毒是引发疾病的微生物。它有许多种类。如流感病毒和SARS病毒。HIV病毒破坏人体的免疫系统，也就是说使人体抗衡疾病的免疫功能减弱。在你的血液中，HIV病毒可以长期存在，但是它最终会使你的免疫系统严重受损，以致使你的身体不再能抗衡疾病。这种疾病到了这个阶段就叫艾滋病。到目前为止，几乎所有得上了艾滋病的人都已经去世。
HIV是通过血液或性交时产生的体液而传播的。携带病毒的血液或体液必须通过皮肤上的创口或通过注射才能进入体内，使人受感染。
将来总有一天会找到医治HIV病毒和艾滋病的疗法的。在找到之前，你必须保护你自己。你可以按这里列举的一些注意事项去做，以确保自己的安全：
假如你要注射药物：
不要同别人共用注射针，别人的血液可能会留在针头内外。如果某人有HIV病毒，而你又用了同一个注射针，你就有可能把别人的病毒注入到你的血液中来。
在注射药物时，不得共用携带病毒的患者所用的其他东西，因为血液可能会溅到这些物品上。
假如你同（男或女）人性交：
要使用避孕套。它可以防止性交时产生的体液的传入。下列这些说法都是错误的：
初次性交的人不可能染上HIV病毒。错。如果性交的某一方有了HIV病毒，另一方就有可能传染上。
通过观察，你可以看出某人是否带有HIV病毒。错。许多携带HIV病毒的患者看上去十分健康。只有当这种病毒发展成艾滋病时，人才会显出病态。
只有同性恋者才得艾滋病。错。任何人如果同感染了HIV病毒的人性交，他们就有染上这种病毒的危险。女性感染病毒的可能性比男性稍微大一些。
如果你同艾滋病患者拥抱、接触或亲吻，或者去他们家做客，你就会从他们那里感染上HIV病毒或得艾滋病。错。你只可能通过血液或性交时的体液才能传染上这种病。不幸的是，携带HIV病毒的患者有时会失去他们的朋友。因为人们担心他们会从患者那儿染上HIV病毒，感染上艾滋病。由于相同的理由，有些艾滋病患者在生病时找不到任何人来照顾他们。
蚊子可以传染HIV病毒和艾滋病。错。目前还没有证据说明这一点。What opinion do you have about people with HIV/AIDS?
Dangerous?
Keep the distance?
Be friends with them?
…Every December 1st is a day of understanding, care, and hope about HIV and AIDS. Still, It is the mission of AIDS. ORG (Other organizations,非盈利组织) to educate people how to protect themselves against HIV each and every day of the year. World AIDS Day, 365 Days a YearHenan AIDS villageAfricaHow should we act towards people who have
HIV/AIDS? What can we do to help them?Don’t look down upon them.
Show love and care to them.
Help them fight fear, shame and injustice(unfair).ReminderAIDS AIDS, an incurable disease,
which is caused by a virus,
spread through drugs and sex.
So keep away from drugs,
and avoid unprotected sex.
Know what is risky and what is safe.
Have the right attitude towards AIDS.
Let’s live together in peace.
1. get into1) _____ get into the door 2) _____ get into the habit 3) _____ get into water 进入养成陷入Language points短语联想get into trouble 惹上麻烦
get into debt 负债累累
get into a temper 大发脾气
get into deep water 陷于困境
get into one’s head 有某种看法
get into the way of 习惯于、学会2. Make a list of words that you might come across in this poster. come across
= meet by chance 偶然发现
I’ve just come across a beautiful poem in reading the book.3. Are you at risk?
Anyone who has sex with a person infected with HIV/AIDS risks getting the virus. risk n. 风险，危险 vt. 冒风险
He ran the risk of losing his life to save the child.
at risk = in danger
If you go on thin ice you risk drowning.4. immune adj. 有免疫力的 immune system 免疫系统5. Survival n. 幸存 派生：survive v. 幸存，比…活得长
He survived the accident.
The husband survived the wife.6. fluid n. 流体，液体
adj. 流动的，流体的Fluid includes liquid and gas.
fluid food 流质食物7. inject vt. 注射 a man injected drug
派生：injection n. 注射8. prejudice n. 偏见，成见She has a prejudice against me.
He has a prejudice in favour of modern music.9. disco n. 迪斯科 go to a disco 去跳迪斯科Immune 9. condom
Survival 10. homosexual
Sex 11. prejudice
Fluid 12. judgement
Inject 13. abortion
Needle 14. cigar
Spill 15. embarrassed
Male 16. awkward
有免疫力的
幸存
性，性别
流体，液体
注射
针，针头
溢出，洒落
男性的，雄性的避孕套
同性恋的
偏见，成见
看法，判断
流产，中途失败
雪茄烟
尴尬的，陷入困境的
笨拙的ListeningTick the things Sara is worried about.
( ) AIDS ( ) drugs
( ) noise ( ) smoking
( ) alcohol ( ) strangers
( ) money ( ) dancing
( ) orange juice ( ) rice 1. Just say “no”. You ______________ ________________________.
2. It’s OK to _____________________ ________________. don’t have to do anything you don’t want to to drink orange juice or something insteadComplete Tina’s sentences:3. It would be a good idea to ____ _______________________________________________.
4. If someone offers you a cigarette, ___________.
5. Well, you’ll _______ learn. Let’s ___ ____________________________.don’t take ithave to get my CD player and I’ll teach you have something to eat before you go out, like rice or noodlesListening textSome good advice
Two college students are chatting. Tina wants Sara to go to a disco with her, but Sara is nervous about going.Tina: I’m going to Belle’s Karaoke Bar and Disco tonight with some friends. Why don’t you come too?
Sara: Oh. I’m sorry, I can’t.
T: Oh, come on. You never go out anywhere.S: To tell you the truth, I’m too nervous.
T: What are you nervous about?
S: Well, suppose someone offers me drugs?
T: Just say “no”. You don’t have to do anything you don’t want to.
S: They’ll think I’m stupid.T: Nonsense. Lots of people don’t take drugs. I don’t. Anyway, if they think you’re stupid that’s too bad. Who cares what they think?
S: I’ve never drunk alcohol before either.
T: It’s OK to drink orange juice or something instead.
S: Yeah, but I’d really like to try beer, only I might get drunk.T: Then you should just have one beer and drink it slowly. And it would be a good idea to have something to eat before you go out, like rice or noodles.
S: Another thing I’m worried about is that I might start smoking again. I used to smoke and it was really hard to stop.T: Yes, I know what you mean. But I’ll help you and you can help me. If someone offers you a cigarette, don’t take it. I’ll remind you not to smoke and you can remind me.
S: Yeah, that’s a good idea, thanks.
T: So, anything else you’re worried about?S: Umm, just one more thing.
T: What?
S: I can’t dance.
T: (laughter) Well, you’ll have to learn. Let’s get my CD player and I’ll teach you.SpeakingWriting Read this letter and imagine you are the adviser who deals with students’ problems. Write a letter to give Xiaolei some helpful advice.Dear…,
Can you help me, please? I have tried to stop smoking several times. I am OK for two days and then I feel really sick and irritable and I have to start smoking again. I know smoking is a bad habit ,but I just can’t seem to give it up. Do you have any useful tips?
Your sincerely,
Li XiaoleiSample letter:Dear Xiaolei,
I am sorry you have found yourself in such a difficult situation. First, there is no need for you to feel embarrassed and awkward. She may think that she is behaving in a grownup way but you are the one with sense on your side. Here is some advice that I think you might give her:Smoking cigarettes is addictive and expensive.
It can make you ill later in life. Even breathing in other people’s smoke can make you ill.
It is a dirty habit.
It is more difficult to stop then it is to start.
Second, talk to your friend gently and explain that you are still good friends and don’t want to break this friendship. However, you will not begin smoking to suit her. Give her the information above and then explain that whatever she chooses to do you will remain her friend.
Don’t be disappointed ,Xiaolei.
Good luck and best wishes.
Sun Gao1. ashamed of sth./sb./oneself 耻于…; 对…感到羞耻/愧疚
I felt ashamed of myself when I copied Li Ping’s homework.
2. embarrassed about sth./sb. 对…感到窘迫/不好意思
I’m embarrassed about my mistake.
3. disappointed with sth./sb.对…感到失望
The teacher was disappointed with me when I failed in the exam.Answer key for Exercise 1on page 56:4. grateful to sb. for sth.感谢某人某事
I’m grateful to you for lending me the money.
5. angry with sb. about/for sth. 为某事生某人的气
I was angry with him for keeping me waiting long.?
6. delighted with/by sth.对…感到高兴
He was delighted with the present I gave him.
7. nervous about sth.对…感到紧张不安
He was nervous about the result of the examination.8. upset (with sb.) about/ by sth. 对…感到难过/烦恼/苦恼
The father felt upset with his son about his job.
9. bored with sth./sb.对…感到厌倦
He is bored with seeing such film.
10. shocked at/by sth./sb.对…感到震惊
I was shocked at the news of her death.I felt awkward hearing my uncle praise smoking and hoped that others would make their own judgment and not follow his example.
The boy felt ashamed of his behavior. He fainted when the doctor put a needle in his arm and took out some blood.
When Jack threw away his last packet of cigarettes, he immediately began to feel like a non-smoker.
The specialists are considering a proposal to ban the sale of alcohol and cigarettes to adolescents.Answer key for Exercise 2 on page 56:
5. In spite of the cold, he jumped into the river and pulled the fallen boy out of the water. He took a great risk but the survival of the boy made him feel extremely happy.
6. It is illegal for parents to decide to have an abortion because they do not like the sex of their unborn baby. I’m so angry that this prejudice against female children continues even today.
7. Due to the sponsor of CHARTS (China AIDS Roadmap Tactical Support) project, many famous people like Pu Cunxin have been active in the campaign against HIV/AIDS.
8. Some sentences in the texts which cause students’ comprehension difficulties are further explained in the notes of the appendix at the end of the textbook.Cigarette smoking, drinking alcohol, HIV/AIDS, drug taking, poor diet, stress, physical and mental problems, obesity, heart and lung diseasedetermined, physically addicted, embarrassed, sick, bad-tempered, happy, relaxed, awkward, desperate, persistent, nervous, stressed, shamed, confident, angry, eager, decidedSuggested answers to Exercise 3 on page 56:un fair unfair; necessary unnecessary
dis able disabled; honest dishonest
ir regular irregular; rational irrational
il legal illegal; considered ill-considered
im possible impossible; patient impatient
in active inactive; accurate inaccurate Suggested answers to Exercise 4 on page 56:
important in our life?Warming upHealthWhat is a healthy person?A healthy person is someone who is healthy in both body and mind.Proverbs on health1. An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
2. Early to bed and early to rise, makes a
man healthy, wealthy and wise.
3. A light heart lives long.
4. Good health is over wealth.
5. Health is happiness. What health issues do you think
concern young people the most?Cigarette smoking Drinking alcohol
Drug abuse Diet Physical fitness
Sexual health Stress Obesity2. Share your list with others in your class
and make a class list of important health
issues.3. In your group, choose one health issue
that you think is particularly important.
List five things you would like to tell
other people about this issue. What should we do
to keep healthy? 1 Discuss the following questions with your classmates.1) Have you ever smoked? If you have,
have you stopped?
2) Why do you think some adolescents
start smoking?
3) In what ways is smoking harmful? Do
you think smoking should be banned?
4) Where could you get good advice on
stopping smoking?Pre-readingA waste of _______moneySmoking may cause ______.fireSmoking may cause ___________.air pollutionSmoking is not good
for ____________
smokers.secondhand中国约十万人因吸二手烟而死.Smoking makes you bony.What are the two big diseases that you
think are related to smoking? lung diseaseWhat advice would you give?My advice is that let them get interested
in some positive hobbies like sports,
playing music, reading, playing chess
and so on.2 Look at the title of the two texts and tell your partner what you think this reading will be about. Then skim it quickly to see if you were right.Advice From GrandadReading1. What’s the main idea of the first part?
The grandfather lives a healthy life
because of his quitting smoking.
B. The three ways of becoming addicted to
smoking.
C. The harmful effects of smoking.
D. A letter explaining how a smoker
becomes addicted to cigarettes and why
he should give it up.Skimming2. What’s the main idea of the second part?
Advice on how to stop smoking.
B. How to prepare yourself.
C. Suggestions on breaking the habit of
smoking.
D. Millions have managed to quit smoking
and so can you.3. Match the paragraphs with the main ideas. 23541Who writes the letter?
To whom?
Purpose?James’ grandfatherJamesTo give James some advice and encourage him to quit smokingGo through the first two and the last paragraphs. Reading for details The grandpa is 82 years old now.
2. The grandpa thinks it easy to quit
smoking.
3. The third way of becoming addicted to
smoking is mentally addicted.
4. Cigarette smoke can affect the health of a
non-smoker.
5. Every time you feel like a smoke, you
should have a smoke.1. The first sentence of the letter shows
James’ grandad _____________.
lives a healthy life??????????????? ????
B. is addicted to sitting in the garden
C. has nothing to do at home???????? ????
D. is tired when returning from a long bike trip2. In what way did the old man try to
persuade his grandson to give up
smoking?
Using scientific theory.?????????? ?????
B. His failure in love.
C. His sports activity.????????????? ?????
D. His own experience.3. ____ forced James’ granddad to give
up smoking.
A. That he ran too slow?????????????? ??
B. That he was taken off the school
football team
C. His girlfriend???????? ??????????????
D. His parents4. From Para. 3, we can learn that ______.
A. a person can be addicted to nicotine because
nicotine is one of the hundreds of chemicals
in cigarettes.
B. a person will be addicted to smoking if he
treats it as a habit.
C. a person will feel sick if his body gets used to
having nicotine.
D. a person will really feel relaxed when having
a cigarette.5. Which is NOT the effect of smoking?
A. Causing terrible damage to heart and lungs.
B. Affecting the health of non-smokers.
C. Having the clothes turn yellow.
D. Not enjoying sport.
6. What is NOT included in the article
about stop smoking on the internet?
A. Relax B. Determination
C. Courage D. Get help from others.7. According to the letter, James’
grandad ______.
didn’t give up smoking
used to be a member of the
school football team
C. is lonely
D. wrote down the advice from
his experience8. The following statements are true
EXCEPT _______.
A. James’ grandfather was tired when
returning from a long bike trip.
B. there are three ways a person can become
addicted to smoking.
C. keeping your hands busy will help stop
smoking.
D. some people have to try several times
before quitting smoking.爷爷的忠告
亲爱的詹姆士：
今天，这儿天气晴朗。现在，我正坐在花园尽头的那棵大树底下。我骑自行车跑了很长一段路，一直到了古城堡，刚刚回来。感到不可思议吧，像我这样的年纪，身体健康而且能在一个下午骑车跑20公里。再过两个礼拜就是我82岁的生日了！我想我之所以长寿而且精力充沛，要归功于我的健康生活。
这就是我写信给你的真正原因，我亲爱的孙子。你妈妈告诉我，你已经开始吸烟了，而且还很难把它戒掉。相信我吧，我知道，吸烟容易戒烟难。你知道，当我还是一个十几岁的孩子的时候，我也吸过烟，而且还上了瘾。这儿我想顺便问你一个问题，你知道上瘾有三个方面的原因吗？首先，你会在身体上对尼古丁有瘾，它是香烟里几百种化学物质之一。这就是说，过了一段时间以后，你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁，一旦你的体内没有这种麻醉剂了，你就会感到不舒服、烦躁，甚至痛苦。你也可能因为习惯的原因而上瘾，你知道，如果你反反复复地做同一件事情，你就会自觉地做它。最后，上瘾还有心理上的原因。有的人认为，抽了一支烟后，他就会感到轻松愉快，于是就以为抽烟才能使感觉良好。我想我之所以上瘾是有着这三个方面的原因的，因此，要戒烟就很难。但是我终于还是戒掉了。在我年轻的时候，关于吸烟的危害性我知道得并不多。当时，我不知道抽烟能严重侵害人的心脏和肺部，也不知道吸烟的夫妇生育能力会下降。我更不知道，我自己吸烟还会损害那些不吸烟人的健康。然而，我的的确确知道， 我的女朋友觉得我的烟味很难闻。她说我的呼吸、我的衣服都有烟的味道，我的手指头都变黄了。她说在我把烟戒掉之前她是不会同我一起外出的。我也发现我跑得不如以前那么快，也不像以前那样爱好运动了。而当因为动作慢而被校足球队除名之后，我才知道该是我戒烟的时候了。
我把我从网上找到的一些忠告寄给你，也许对你戒烟有所帮助。我的确希望你把它戒掉，因为我希望你能像我这样活得健康长寿。
爱你的爷爷? 1. ____________________.???? ?????????
2. ____________________.???? ????
? 3. ____________________.???? ?????????????
4. ____________________.???? ??
? 5. ____________________.???? ????????????
6. ____________________.Read the second part of the text and find out the suggestions on quitting smoking:Be determinedPrepare yourselfBreak the habitRelax Get help if you need itKeep tryingHow can I stop smoking?Can you give some other
helpful suggestions?How can I
stop smoking? Choose a day that is not ________ to quit smoking. Make a list of all the ________ you will get from stopping smoking. ______ away all your cigarettes. ________ yourself you are a non-smoker when you feel like _________. Develop some other habits to keep yourself _____. If you feel nervous or _______, try some _________ exercises like deep breathing. stressfulbenefitsThrow RemindsmokingbusystressedrelaxationYou can stop smoking with a ______ or join a group. If necessary, ask a doctor or ________ for help. The most important is to keep trying. Don’t feel ____________ if you smoke again. Just ____ again.friendchemisttrydisappointed你怎样才能戒烟呢？
戒烟不容易，但许许多多的人都成功地戒掉了烟，所以你也能。这儿有几点建议：
做好准备。 确定一个开始戒烟的日子。不要选择你明知有压力的日子，例如考试的那一天。把戒烟的好处开列一个清单。在你计划戒烟的前一天，把你最后一包香烟扔掉。
下定决心。 每次当你想要抽烟的时候 ，你就提醒你自己，你已经是不抽烟的人了。把你早先写的那个戒烟的好处的清单反复地看一看。
破除旧习。 不要抽烟，而去干点别的事情。去散散步、刷刷牙、喝点水、打扫房间。其实，只要是能使你的脑，特别是手不要空闲的事情，你都可以去做。放松休息。 如果你开始感到紧张有压力了，不要伸手去拿烟。尝试着去做深呼吸。学习一些放松运动，每当你感到有压力时，就做一些放松运动。
寻求帮助。和你的一位朋友一起来做好戒烟的安排，以便你能向他谈谈你的问题，或者参加戒烟俱乐部。如果你感到非常难受，你也可以找医生或药剂师来谈谈，帮你想点办法，像尼古丁口香糖。
坚持尝试。据发现，有些人尝试了好几次，才最终把烟戒掉，如果你因意志薄弱而又抽烟了，也不要觉得难为情。再戒一次就是了。最终你会成功的。 1 Fill in the chart with information from the reading passage. physicallyhabitmentallyComprehendingyour heartbecoming pregnantsmellhealthenjoy2 Discuss these questions in groups to check your comprehension.1. What kind of person do you think James’ grandfather is?
2. What other information could have been included?
3. What do you think can be done to protect non-smokers (especially women and babies) from those who smoke?What kind of person do you think
James’ grandfather is?
He is fit and healthy and leads an active
life. He takes an interest in his daughter’s
and grandson’s well-being. He is
knowledgeable. He reads the internet.
He appears to love his grandson. 2. What other information could have
been included?
1) Even non-smokers can get smoking
related illnesses by breathing in air
polluted by smoke.
2) Pregnant women who smoke can
produce smaller, less healthy babies
with a lower IQ.3. What do you think can be done to protect
non-smokers (especially women and babies)
from those who smoke?
1) a non-smoking policy in public places
such as buses, train, restaurants, cinemas, etc.
2) Separate smoking and non-smoking
areas in public places
3) A campaign to highlight the dangers of
smoking for smokers and non-smoking
people
3 Make a summary of the advice on how
to stop smoking. Be sure to use your own
words and no more than five sentences.1. It seems amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometers in an afternoon.令人吃惊的是，像我这样的年纪，身体健康而且能在一个下午骑车跑20公里。此句中，it作 ________, that引导的从句作 ________, seem为 ______, 所以此句为it + 系动词 + 形容词 + that从句的结构。形式主语真正主语系动词2. I think my long and active life must
be due to the healthy life I live.我想我之所以长寿且精力充沛，这都要归功于我过的健康生活。此句中包含两个从句, 一为think的 ____ ____ (my long …live), 省略关系词 ____; 另一个为名词life的 ________ (I live), 省略关系代词 _________, 关系代词在定语从句中作 ____, 可省略。宾语从句that定语从句that/which宾语due adj. ______ ______ ______欠款的预定的到期的1. 这笔钱是欠我的，而我至今尚未拿到。
The money __ ____ __ ___, but I haven’t
got it yet.
2. 他预定明天离开北京。
He __ ___ __ _____ Beijing tomorrow.
3. 银行贷款本月到期。
The bank loan __ ____ ____ _______.is due to meis due to leave is due this month因为，由于
____________
____________
____________
____________
____________due tobecause ofthanks toowing toas a result ofThe brother and sister walked difficultly step by step ____ ___ ___ ______.due to the stormHer success was ____ ___ her hard work. due toYou see, during adolescence I also smoked and became addicted to cigarettes. 你知道，当我还是一个十几岁的孩子的时候，我也吸过烟而且还上了瘾。become / be addicted to 对……入迷，成瘾3 become / be addicted toHer son ___ ________ ___ computer games. is addicted toThey have become addicted to
________.drinking4. by the way 顺便提一下e.g. By the way, do you have any idea
where the post office is? 顺便问一下, 你知道邮局在哪儿吗? 顺便说
用这种方法
在……途中
一路上，始终
在某种程度上
挡道，妨碍by the wayin this wayon the wayall the wayin a wayin the way1. ____ ____ _____, do you have any
idea where the post office is?
2. The children have some candy to
eat ___ ____ ____ home.
3. They were singing ___ ___ _____.By the wayon the wayall the way4. __ ___ ____, he found himself another
life, as his daughter suggested.
5. The work is well done ___ ___ ____.
6. Her social life got ___ ____ ____ of her
studies. In this wayin a wayin the way5. This means that after a while your
body becomes accustomed to having
nicotine in cigarettes.这意味着，过一段时间之后，你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。此句中含有一个that引导的 ____ 从句(that…cigarettes), become accustomed to 意为 ______, to为 ____, 后接名词、动名词。宾语习惯于介词The boy _______ ___________ __ ________ every morning. became accustomed to readingbe accustomed to 6. As you know, if you do the same thing
over and over again, you begin to do it
automatically.正如你所知道的，如果你反复的做同样的一件事，你就会自动做它。As you know为 _________________, 其余部分为主句; 在主句中包含一个if引导的____________。非限制性定语从句条件状语从句He coughed _____ ____ _____ _____.over and over againover and over again 7. But I did finally manage.但是我终于还是戒掉了。在“do + 动词原形”中，do为助动词，意为 _________________, 用于肯定句和祈使句中，起到加强语气的作用，有 _____ 和 ____ 的变化。确实，的确，真的人称数 千万要小心。
_________________
2. 她英语说得确实好。
__________________________
3. 汤姆昨天确实来过这儿。
__________________________Do be careful!She does speak English well.Tom did come here yesterday.8. When I was young, I didn’t know much
about the harmful effects of smoking.在我年轻的时候，关于吸烟的危害性我知道得并不多。When I was young在此句中作 ________, 介词about宾语为 ____________________
________。effect是 _____, 意为_________________。时间状语 the harmful effects of smoking 名词影响，作用，效果Automobile exhaust can _____ ______________ children.havea bad effect on have an effect on The medicine __________________ the patient.has a good effect onhave an impact on9. When I was taken off the school
football team because I was unfit, I
knew it was time to quit smoking.当我因为不健康而被校足球队除名之后，我才知道该是我戒烟的时候了。此句为复合句，主句为I knew…smoking, 从句是when…unfit，when引导的_____________; because I was unfit 在从 句中作 ________，it was time to quit smoking在主句中作knew的 _____。时间状语从句原因状语宾语 quit vt. (quit --- quit --- quit;
quit --- quitted --- quitted)1. 离开; 退出 He _______ Paris after a week. 他一周后离开了巴黎。
2. 放弃 [+v-ing] He has ____ smoking. 他已戒了烟。 quittedquit________ for him ______________.It’s timeto go to school It’s (high) time (for sb.) to do sth.It’s (high) time (that) sb. ____ sth. / _______ do sth.
是某人该做某事的时候了。
It is the first /second … time that sb. ________ ______ sth.
It was the first/second … time that sb. ____ ______ sth.
这是某人第一次、第二次……做某事。 have/has done had donedidshouldDecide on a day to quit.决定一个开始戒烟的日子。10. decide on We ________ ____ Spain for our holiday this year.decided on11. Every time you feel like smoking a
cigarette, remind yourself that you
are a non-smoker.每次你想要吸烟的时候，你就提醒自己，你不是一个吸烟的人了。此句为复合句，every time在句中作_____, 后接 _____________, 表示“______”。连词时间状语从句每次the first time第一次
每次
一……就……
最后一次
一……就……
下次the moment / minute / instantevery time/each timethe last timeimmediatelynext time1. 每次我去看他，他总是在忙着工作。
______ _____ I go to see him, he is
always busy working.
2. 他一到，我就告诉他了。
I told him ____________ he arrived.
I told him ____ ________ he arrived.
3. 我第一次给学生做演讲时感到很紧张。
I felt nervous ___ ____ ____ I gave a
speech to many students. Every timeimmediately the moment the first time1. 表示“摸起来像……”The elephant
_____ ____ a rope.
大象摸起来像根绳子。feels like12. feel like 2. 表示“感觉像(是)……”My legs ____ ____ cotton wool.
我感觉两条腿像棉花一样。feel like3. 表示“想吃或喝……”Do you ____ ____ a drink?
你想喝点什么吗?feel like4. 表示“想做……” (后接doing)I don’t ____ ____ cooking. Let’s eat out. 我不想做饭，我们出去吃吧。feel likeThey ___ ____ _____ physical exercise.feel like doing13. in spite of ______ ( ___ 词短语)尽管介I went out in spite of the rain. 尽管下雨我仍外出了。 后接名词 in spite of ; despite; although; though虽然；尽管介词连词单词短语句子都有“_____”的意思，despite是 __ 词，后接 __ 词或 __词；而although = ______ 是__ 词，后接表示让步的状语从句。例如： I think he is sad, _______ / _________ his smiles.? 尽管他在微笑，我认为他很悲伤。? We went for a walk ________/_______ it was raining.? 尽管下雨，我们还是去散步了。尽管介名代though连despite in spite of althoughthough14. take risks ________ take risks _____ 为……而冒险
take risks _____ 冒险做……冒险forto doe.g. They never take risks for god.
他们从不为神冒险。Take risks to improve your business.
冒险改善你的业务。Do either of you smoke cigarettes or drink?alcohol?
你们俩有人吸烟或喝酒吗？
The?abuse?of women needs to be treated seriously and sensitively.
虐待妇女问题需要得到严肃而认真的处理。
Young?adolescents?are happiest with small groups of close friends.
青少年在和自己小圈子里的好友呆在一起时最为开心。
Poor housing and family?stress?can affect both physical and mental health.?
住房条件差、家庭压力大会影响身心两方面的健康。
There is a complete?ban?on low-flying aircraft.??
飞机一律禁止低空飞行。
He has a?tough?character.?
他有一个坚韧的性格。He grew tall during his?adolescence.?
他在青春发育期长高了。
The commander ordered an immediate?withdrawal?of the troops.??
指挥员命令部队立即撤退。
Certain kinds of property are transferred?automatically?at death.??
死亡时某些财产会自动转让。He arrived?breathless?at the top of the stairs. 他爬上楼梯顶时气喘吁吁的。
He?wished?to join the army, but was rejected as?medically?unfit.??
他想要参军,?但因体检不合格而未被批准.?
The bridge must be?strengthened.?
这座桥必须加固。
Elinor bought her a?packet?of biscuits.??
埃莉诺给她买了一袋饼干。Yet?desperate?people?do?desperate?deeds.?
然而，绝望的人会做出绝望的事。
A?chemist?can?isolate?the?oxygen?from the?hydrogen?in?water.??
一个化学家能把水中的氧和氢分解.
My?parents?will?be?disappointed?with?me?if?I?fail in?the?exam.?
要是我考试不及格，我父母会对我感到失望的。
?I felt?ashamed?of myself.??我感到惭愧。Discovering useful words and expressionsFind a word or phrase from the text that means the same as the underlined words in each sentence.1 You will be able to stop smoking
eventually if you are determined enough.2. Having lived in Hawaii all his life, he was
not used to the cold of Northern Europe.3. She felt embarrassed about her body
shape, so she decided to go on a diet.4. Running a marathon will leave you out of
breath. 5. You really have no idea just how hopeless
cancer can make you feel.6. The effects of drinking too much alcohol
on your health can be serious. 7. Doing exercises every day can not only
make your muscles stronger but also help
you relax.8. If you are expecting a baby, your smoking
habit might cause problems for it. In spite of all his efforts he failed. He was
so upset about himself that he felt like crying.10. He felt he had to make up his mind on
every step instead of taking risks.Fill in the blanks with words or phrases from below.due to cigarettes tough unfit
alcohol mental quit
withdrawal adolescents
addicted to stress effects 2Smoking _________, drinking _______ or
taking other drugs produce many harmful
______ and have no real benefits. So why
do ___________ do it? Perhaps some think
it makes them look ______ or cool. Others
may think it will help them with ______ in
their lives possibly ______ pressure from
parents or teachers.cigarettesalcoholeffectsadolescentstough stress due to Some may just want to experiment. What
they do not realize is how easy it is to
become __________ smoking. In fact it is
the _______ addiction rather than the
physical effects that makes it really hard
to ____ smoking. When an adolescent
realizes how _____ he or she is becoming,
it is too late. addicted to mental quit unfit Sadly the __________ symptoms can be
quite severe for some people. Of course
the best way to deal with these drugs
is not to get into the habit in the first
place! withdrawal 3Get into groups of four and play a game. Each person should take turns to make a sentence using one of the words below so that the group can make up a story with four sentences. desperate disappointed ashamed addicted stressful tough pregnant breathless accustomed abnormalDiscovering useful structures1. it的最基本用法是作代词，主要指刚提到的事物，以避免重复:
Xi’an is?a?beautiful?city, isn’t?it?
2. 也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子):
Is this your dog？No, it isn’t.一、it 作人称代词The use of “it” (1)it有时并不指具体的东西，而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等，称为非人称的it：
1. 指天气：
It is a lovely day, isn’t?it?
It is a bit windy. 二、it作非人称代词 2. 指时间:
It was nearly midnight when she came back.
3. 指环境:
It was very quiet in?the?café.
4. 指距离：
It is half an hour’s?walk?to the city centre from my home.5. 指日期：
--What's the date today?
--It's May 1, 2007.
6. 指季节：
It is summer now.
7. 指度量：
It is about 5 kilograms.
8. 指价值：
----What's the cost of the T-shirt?
----It is 150 yuan.
替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。三、it用作形式主语（1）It+ be+ adj.（for sb.）to do sth.
此处adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词：easy，difficult，hard，necessary，unnecessary，possible，impossible，likely，unlikely，right，wrong，important，unimportant，legal，illegal，polite，impolite，clear，obvious，，useless，dangerous…
It is illegal（for a teenager）to drive a car without a license.
1. 代作主语的动词不定式（2）It+ be +adj.+ of sb. to do sth.
此处adj. 通常为描述人的形容词：kind，unkind，nice，rude，cruel，considerate，thoughtful，thoughtless，careful，careless，silly，foolish，stupid，clever，wise，crazy.
It's kind of you to help me with the problem.
It's no good/use /great fun doing…
It's（well）worth doing…
It's（well）worthwhile doing/ to do
It's no use crying over spilt milk.(3) It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型2. it作形式主语替代主语从句 It is clear ( obvious，true，possible, certain …) that ...
该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，常译为“清楚（显然, 真的……）”
是主语从句最常见的一种结构。例如：
It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree.
①It+ is+ adj. +that clause It is said (reported/ learned/believed
/thought/known/told/hoped.....) that ...
该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正主语是that 引导的主语从句；该结构常译为“据说（据报道，据悉．．．）”。
It is said that he has come to Beijing.
It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.②It +is +v-ed that…=sb./sth. is to do It ＋不及物动词＋that从句 此句型中不及物动词常见的有：seem， happen， appear， matter等。如： It seems that there will be a heavy snow tomorrow． It happened that I met my good friends in the museum yesterday． ③ It +is + noun +从句 It is a pity (a shame /an honor /a good thing/a fact /a surprise/... ) that ...
该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should可省去．表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。例如：
It is a pity that such a thing (should) happen in your class.
这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！
四、it作形式宾语 当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词、宾语从句时，往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面，而用it 作形式宾语，放在宾语补足语之前。
该句型中的it 作形式宾语，常用的动词有think, believe, make, find, consider, feel等。 I think it no use arguing with him.
我认为和他争吵没有用。
I found it very interesting to study English.
我发现学英语非常有趣。
He made it clear that he was not
interested in this subject.
他非常清楚地表示他对那门学科不感兴趣。●含有 it 的其它句型：
1.It is time (for sb.) to do sth.
2.It is (high) time that sb. did sth. (虚拟语气)
3.It takes sb．＋一段时间＋to do sth．表示“做某事花费某人多长时间”。如： It took us half an hour to ride to the town by the sea．
4.It is/has been +段 时间 + since … 从……已多久了。
It is five months since I arrived in New York.我到纽约已经五个月了。
It is five months since I was in New York.我离开纽约已经五个月了。
（注意：终止性动词表示从动作发生时算起；如果是状态动词或持续性动词，则从动作或状态结束时算起。）
5.It was/will be + 时间 + before …
这个句型中时间是时间段，如long、years、months、weeks、five days、three hours、twenty minutes等。不过主句的时态多用一般将来时或一般过去时。“…之后才”，“没过……就……” ,如:It will be several years before we meet again.
我们要过好几年才能再见面。
It was not long before they set out for the front.不久他们就出发去了前线。6.It is /was/ the first/second/third … time that …
It is the first time that I have been here.
It was the second time that he had seen the film.7. it is +具体的时间…..+when…
该句型中的when引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的it指时间，表语由具体的时间充当。常译为“当……的时候，是……”
It was 11 o’clock when he came back.
Go over the first reading passage again and note the use of "it”. “It” is a very useful word in English and can be used in many ways. Here are two ways.还想跑？甭想！想追我?
没门！
●“It” can be used in the subject or object position to stand for an infinitive, -ing form or a clause.
● Impersonal “it” can be used talk about time, distance, weather, etc.
Answer key for Exercise 2 on page 21:It is difficult to give up smoking.
It seems that some young people think they look attractive when they smoke.
It is believed that smoking causes cancer.4. It is no use trying to quit on a stressful day.
5. It is astonishing that China produces one-third of the world’s cigarettes.
6. It is illegal to advertise cigarettes in this country.
7. It is wonderful that my father has quit
smoking at last.
8. It was a dark and stormy night when the
old man started his journey.
9. It is likely that you could suffer from bad
health if you keep smoking.
10. It is necessary for you to take pills to
control your blood pressure.Hi Su!
Sorry I haven’t written for such a long time. I have been very busy with study. I hope you are well and you get/are getting plenty of rest.
I have not been very well lately so I went to the doctor and guess what? It seems I have been doing too much study and not getting enough relaxation! It was shocking to find that I was suffering from stress. The doctor told me I have to balance my work with other activities. It won’t be easy because my study is so important and I never seem to have enough time for everything. Answer key for Exercise 1 on page 57:But the doctor said it was likely that I would get really sick if I didn’t take some time out from study. Do you know that students who spend 30 minutes a day doing physical exercise or other relaxing activities actually do better in exams than those who study all the time? It is interesting, isn’t it? Anyway, I have worked out a programme for myself. I now stop for an hour at lunchtime to sit and chat with my friends and I take a walk in the park with my grandmother’s dog after school. I also watch a film on television once a week and I have even started doing T’aiChi with my mother first thing in the morning. And you know, it is surprising how much more work I now get done, and I feel great! I have much more energy and, best of all – no more headaches! It is wonderful.
I must go now. It is a beautiful day so I will/am going to take my books outside and study in the sunshine for a while.
Please write back when you have time.Answer key for Exercise 2 on page 57:c
f
d
a
g
e
b.
careful
person.It is a bad habit for both
males and females.
It is something you shouldn’t start because you will be addicted to it.
It is something which is illegal.
It is a very expensive habit
and so will waste your money.drug taking
Suggested answers to Exercise 3 on page 58:.
careful
person.It is a bad habit for males and females.
You can become addicted to it.
Some people think you are grownup if you do this.
It makes you smell bad, and turn your teeth yellow.
smoking
.
careful
person.It is a disease you can catch if you have unprotected sex.
This illness stay in your body for a long time and eventually weakens your immune system.
There is no cure at the moment for this illness.AIDS
.
careful
person.It is a bad habit for males
and females.
It begins as a social activity
at mealtimes.
It only becomes a problem when a person has too much
too often.
It can become addictive and cause great harm to the body.drinking alcohol
Using languageReading and discussingLet’s see some sad AIDS patients. red ribbonred ribbonIt is the symbol of image ambassadorSome facts: By the end of 2003, an estimated 42 million around the world were living with HIV/AIDS.
During the year, 5 million people became infected and an estimated 3 million people died.
About one-third of people living with HIV/AIDS are 15-24 years of age. More than 7 million people in Asia and the Pacific are living with HIV/AIDS.Choose a main idea for each part Part 1
Part 2
Part 3Ways to protect yourself.
Some wrong statements about AIDS.
Background information
about HIV / AIDS. SkimmingListening
Listen to the passage and tick all the
words and expressions mentioned in it.
( ) flu virus ( ) SARS virus
( ) survival ( ) immune system ( )mosquito ( )prejudice
( )homosexual Choose the best answers.1) The word “homosexuals” means _____.
A. people only attracted by the same sex
B. people who don’t care about
themselves
C. people who are very sexy.
D. people who often have sex.Scanning2) We can infer from the passage that
____.
A. HIV is equal to AIDS
B. HIV is different from AIDS
C. HIV weakens a person’s immune
system
D. people can have HIV in their
blood for quite a long time3) In order to stay safe, you _________.
A. should not share needles with
someone else.
B. have to avoid using anything else
that the person has used while
injecting drugs.
C. should use a condom if you have
sex with another one.
D. All of the above.True or false?1 You can only get HIV from injecting
drugs.
2 It is very likely that you will die if you
get infected with HIV.
3 If you look healthy, you cannot have
HIV.4 It could be dangerous to have sex
without a condom.
5 Taking food from the same dishes as
someone infected with HIV will give
you HIV too.
6 If you have HIV, you will always get
AIDS eventually.7.People who have not injected drugs do not need to get tested for HIV.
8.You will become infected with HIV by swimming in the same pool with someone carrying HIV.9.People who have HIV look different from everyone else.1. What is HIV?HIV is a virus, a small living thing leading people to disease.Careful readingA virus is a very small living thing
that cause disease.2. What’s a virus?3. What is AIDS?
AIDS stands for Acquired Immune
Deficiency Syndrome.
(后天免疫缺陷综合症)AIDS is a disease. The stage of having HIV in one’s body is called AIDS.4. How does HIV affect people’s health?
HIV virus weakens a person’s immune system and eventually it damages the immune system so much that the body can no longer fight against disease.5. What is the difference between AIDS and HIV?
HIV is a virus, while AIDS is the stage of the illness caused by HIV.incurable disease6. Is there a cure for AIDS and HIV at
the moment?HIV is a _____. It weakens a person’s ________ system. The _____ of the illness is called AIDS. HIV is spread through ______ or the _____ that the body makes during sex. Until now, scientists do not have a _____ for the disease. So, you need to _______ yourself. If you inject drugs, do not share your ________ virus immune stageblood fluid cureprotect needleSummarywith anyone else. If you have sex with a male or a female, use a _______. If one sexual partner has HIV, the other partner could become ________. You can not tell by _______ at someone whether or not they have HIV. It’s wrong to think that only ____________ get AIDS. Anyone who has sex with a condom infected looking homosexuals person infected with HIV _____ getting the virus. If you hug, touch or _____ someone with AIDS, you cannot get the disease. There is no ________ that mosquitoes can spread the disease. risks kiss evidenceHIV病毒/艾滋病：你是否面临危险？
HIV是一种病毒（人体免疫缺损病毒）。病毒是引发疾病的微生物。它有许多种类。如流感病毒和SARS病毒。HIV病毒破坏人体的免疫系统，也就是说使人体抗衡疾病的免疫功能减弱。在你的血液中，HIV病毒可以长期存在，但是它最终会使你的免疫系统严重受损，以致使你的身体不再能抗衡疾病。这种疾病到了这个阶段就叫艾滋病。到目前为止，几乎所有得上了艾滋病的人都已经去世。
HIV是通过血液或性交时产生的体液而传播的。携带病毒的血液或体液必须通过皮肤上的创口或通过注射才能进入体内，使人受感染。
将来总有一天会找到医治HIV病毒和艾滋病的疗法的。在找到之前，你必须保护你自己。你可以按这里列举的一些注意事项去做，以确保自己的安全：
假如你要注射药物：
不要同别人共用注射针，别人的血液可能会留在针头内外。如果某人有HIV病毒，而你又用了同一个注射针，你就有可能把别人的病毒注入到你的血液中来。
在注射药物时，不得共用携带病毒的患者所用的其他东西，因为血液可能会溅到这些物品上。
假如你同（男或女）人性交：
要使用避孕套。它可以防止性交时产生的体液的传入。下列这些说法都是错误的：
初次性交的人不可能染上HIV病毒。错。如果性交的某一方有了HIV病毒，另一方就有可能传染上。
通过观察，你可以看出某人是否带有HIV病毒。错。许多携带HIV病毒的患者看上去十分健康。只有当这种病毒发展成艾滋病时，人才会显出病态。
只有同性恋者才得艾滋病。错。任何人如果同感染了HIV病毒的人性交，他们就有染上这种病毒的危险。女性感染病毒的可能性比男性稍微大一些。
如果你同艾滋病患者拥抱、接触或亲吻，或者去他们家做客，你就会从他们那里感染上HIV病毒或得艾滋病。错。你只可能通过血液或性交时的体液才能传染上这种病。不幸的是，携带HIV病毒的患者有时会失去他们的朋友。因为人们担心他们会从患者那儿染上HIV病毒，感染上艾滋病。由于相同的理由，有些艾滋病患者在生病时找不到任何人来照顾他们。
蚊子可以传染HIV病毒和艾滋病。错。目前还没有证据说明这一点。What opinion do you have about people with HIV/AIDS?
Dangerous?
Keep the distance?
Be friends with them?
…Every December 1st is a day of understanding, care, and hope about HIV and AIDS. Still, It is the mission of AIDS. ORG (Other organizations,非盈利组织) to educate people how to protect themselves against HIV each and every day of the year. World AIDS Day, 365 Days a YearHenan AIDS villageAfricaHow should we act towards people who have
HIV/AIDS? What can we do to help them?Don’t look down upon them.
Show love and care to them.
Help them fight fear, shame and injustice(unfair).ReminderAIDS AIDS, an incurable disease,
which is caused by a virus,
spread through drugs and sex.
So keep away from drugs,
and avoid unprotected sex.
Know what is risky and what is safe.
Have the right attitude towards AIDS.
Let’s live together in peace.
1. get into1) _____ get into the door 2) _____ get into the habit 3) _____ get into water 进入养成陷入Language points短语联想get into trouble 惹上麻烦
get into debt 负债累累
get into a temper 大发脾气
get into deep water 陷于困境
get into one’s head 有某种看法
get into the way of 习惯于、学会2. Make a list of words that you might come across in this poster. come across
= meet by chance 偶然发现
I’ve just come across a beautiful poem in reading the book.3. Are you at risk?
Anyone who has sex with a person infected with HIV/AIDS risks getting the virus. risk n. 风险，危险 vt. 冒风险
He ran the risk of losing his life to save the child.
at risk = in danger
If you go on thin ice you risk drowning.4. immune adj. 有免疫力的 immune system 免疫系统5. Survival n. 幸存 派生：survive v. 幸存，比…活得长
He survived the accident.
The husband survived the wife.6. fluid n. 流体，液体
adj. 流动的，流体的Fluid includes liquid and gas.
fluid food 流质食物7. inject vt. 注射 a man injected drug
派生：injection n. 注射8. prejudice n. 偏见，成见She has a prejudice against me.
He has a prejudice in favour of modern music.9. disco n. 迪斯科 go to a disco 去跳迪斯科Immune 9. condom
Survival 10. homosexual
Sex 11. prejudice
Fluid 12. judgement
Inject 13. abortion
Needle 14. cigar
Spill 15. embarrassed
Male 16. awkward
有免疫力的
幸存
性，性别
流体，液体
注射
针，针头
溢出，洒落
男性的，雄性的避孕套
同性恋的
偏见，成见
看法，判断
流产，中途失败
雪茄烟
尴尬的，陷入困境的
笨拙的ListeningTick the things Sara is worried about.
( ) AIDS ( ) drugs
( ) noise ( ) smoking
( ) alcohol ( ) strangers
( ) money ( ) dancing
( ) orange juice ( ) rice 1. Just say “no”. You ______________ ________________________.
2. It’s OK to _____________________ ________________. don’t have to do anything you don’t want to to drink orange juice or something insteadComplete Tina’s sentences:3. It would be a good idea to ____ _______________________________________________.
4. If someone offers you a cigarette, ___________.
5. Well, you’ll _______ learn. Let’s ___ ____________________________.don’t take ithave to get my CD player and I’ll teach you have something to eat before you go out, like rice or noodlesListening textSome good advice
Two college students are chatting. Tina wants Sara to go to a disco with her, but Sara is nervous about going.Tina: I’m going to Belle’s Karaoke Bar and Disco tonight with some friends. Why don’t you come too?
Sara: Oh. I’m sorry, I can’t.
T: Oh, come on. You never go out anywhere.S: To tell you the truth, I’m too nervous.
T: What are you nervous about?
S: Well, suppose someone offers me drugs?
T: Just say “no”. You don’t have to do anything you don’t want to.
S: They’ll think I’m stupid.T: Nonsense. Lots of people don’t take drugs. I don’t. Anyway, if they think you’re stupid that’s too bad. Who cares what they think?
S: I’ve never drunk alcohol before either.
T: It’s OK to drink orange juice or something instead.
S: Yeah, but I’d really like to try beer, only I might get drunk.T: Then you should just have one beer and drink it slowly. And it would be a good idea to have something to eat before you go out, like rice or noodles.
S: Another thing I’m worried about is that I might start smoking again. I used to smoke and it was really hard to stop.T: Yes, I know what you mean. But I’ll help you and you can help me. If someone offers you a cigarette, don’t take it. I’ll remind you not to smoke and you can remind me.
S: Yeah, that’s a good idea, thanks.
T: So, anything else you’re worried about?S: Umm, just one more thing.
T: What?
S: I can’t dance.
T: (laughter) Well, you’ll have to learn. Let’s get my CD player and I’ll teach you.SpeakingWriting Read this letter and imagine you are the adviser who deals with students’ problems. Write a letter to give Xiaolei some helpful advice.Dear…,
Can you help me, please? I have tried to stop smoking several times. I am OK for two days and then I feel really sick and irritable and I have to start smoking again. I know smoking is a bad habit ,but I just can’t seem to give it up. Do you have any useful tips?
Your sincerely,
Li XiaoleiSample letter:Dear Xiaolei,
I am sorry you have found yourself in such a difficult situation. First, there is no need for you to feel embarrassed and awkward. She may think that she is behaving in a grownup way but you are the one with sense on your side. Here is some advice that I think you might give her:Smoking cigarettes is addictive and expensive.
It can make you ill later in life. Even breathing in other people’s smoke can make you ill.
It is a dirty habit.
It is more difficult to stop then it is to start.
Second, talk to your friend gently and explain that you are still good friends and don’t want to break this friendship. However, you will not begin smoking to suit her. Give her the information above and then explain that whatever she chooses to do you will remain her friend.
Don’t be disappointed ,Xiaolei.
Good luck and best wishes.
Sun Gao1. ashamed of sth./sb./oneself 耻于…; 对…感到羞耻/愧疚
I felt ashamed of myself when I copied Li Ping’s homework.
2. embarrassed about sth./sb. 对…感到窘迫/不好意思
I’m embarrassed about my mistake.
3. disappointed with sth./sb.对…感到失望
The teacher was disappointed with me when I failed in the exam.Answer key for Exercise 1on page 56:4. grateful to sb. for sth.感谢某人某事
I’m grateful to you for lending me the money.
5. angry with sb. about/for sth. 为某事生某人的气
I was angry with him for keeping me waiting long.?
6. delighted with/by sth.对…感到高兴
He was delighted with the present I gave him.
7. nervous about sth.对…感到紧张不安
He was nervous about the result of the examination.8. upset (with sb.) about/ by sth. 对…感到难过/烦恼/苦恼
The father felt upset with his son about his job.
9. bored with sth./sb.对…感到厌倦
He is bored with seeing such film.
10. shocked at/by sth./sb.对…感到震惊
I was shocked at the news of her death.I felt awkward hearing my uncle praise smoking and hoped that others would make their own judgment and not follow his example.
The boy felt ashamed of his behavior. He fainted when the doctor put a needle in his arm and took out some blood.
When Jack threw away his last packet of cigarettes, he immediately began to feel like a non-smoker.
The specialists are considering a proposal to ban the sale of alcohol and cigarettes to adolescents.Answer key for Exercise 2 on page 56:
5. In spite of the cold, he jumped into the river and pulled the fallen boy out of the water. He took a great risk but the survival of the boy made him feel extremely happy.
6. It is illegal for parents to decide to have an abortion because they do not like the sex of their unborn baby. I’m so angry that this prejudice against female children continues even today.
7. Due to the sponsor of CHARTS (China AIDS Roadmap Tactical Support) project, many famous people like Pu Cunxin have been active in the campaign against HIV/AIDS.
8. Some sentences in the texts which cause students’ comprehension difficulties are further explained in the notes of the appendix at the end of the textbook.Cigarette smoking, drinking alcohol, HIV/AIDS, drug taking, poor diet, stress, physical and mental problems, obesity, heart and lung diseasedetermined, physically addicted, embarrassed, sick, bad-tempered, happy, relaxed, awkward, desperate, persistent, nervous, stressed, shamed, confident, angry, eager, decidedSuggested answers to Exercise 3 on page 56:un fair unfair; necessary unnecessary
dis able disabled; honest dishonest
ir regular irregular; rational irrational
il legal illegal; considered ill-considered
im possible impossible; patient impatient
in active inactive; accurate inaccurate Suggested answers to Exercise 4 on page 56: