2017届高考北师大版英语一轮特训：模块5 unit14 careers

Ⅰ.阅读理解(建议用时15′)
A
[2015·哈六中期中考试]Life
is
so
much
simpler
these
days.
Everything
revolves
around
a
single
button!
With
the
introduction
of
washing
machines,
washing
clothes
became
easier.
The
machines
would
dry
clothes
at
least
70
to
80
percent
and
already
half dried
clothes
would
be
done
in
no
time.
Do
you
want
to
know
how
washing
machines
evolved
The
first
washing
machine
was
called
the
scrub
(擦洗)
board
and
was
invented
in
the
year
1797.
In
1851,
American
man,
James
King,
discovered
and
patented
the
first
washing
machine
to
use
a
drum.However,
it
was
still
hand powered
and
did
not
work
by
itself.
Then,
in
1858,
William
Blackstone
of
Indiana
built
a
washing
machine
for
his
wife.This
washing
machine
removed
and
washed
away
dirt
from
the
clothes.
This
was
the
first
official
washing
machine
that
could
be
used
at
home.
In
1908,
the
Hurley
Machine
Company
of
Chicago
invented
the
Thor
machine.
This
was
the
first
washing
machine
that
was
electrically
powered,
and
it
had
a
galvanized
(电镀的)
metal
tub
and
an
electric
motor.
The
earlier
washing
machine
had
a
heavy,
cast iron
mechanism
mounted
on
the
tub
lid,
making
the
machine
heavy
and
difficult
to
move.
The
introduction
of
a
metal
tub
and
reduction
gears
(减速齿轮)
in
later
years
replaced
this
heavy
equipment
and
by
1920
the
production
of
wooden
tub
washing
machines
completely
stopped.
But
the
new
machines
made
a
lot
of
noise
because
of
their
bulky
metal
tubs.
A
modification
that
was
made
was
covering
the
tubs
with
white
enameled
(磁漆的)
sheet
metal
to
make
the
cleaning
process
easier.
By
the
early
1950s,
American
companies
started
producing
washing
machines
with
a
spin
dry
feature，
and
this
replaced
the
old
wringer,
which,
while
drying
the
clothes,
would
remove
the
buttons
or
cause
accidents
involving
the
hair
and
hands.In
1957,
the
first
washing
machine
with
five
plus
buttons
was
introduced.
These
controlled
the
wash
temperature,
rinse
temperature
and
spin
speed.
Slowly,
more
features
were
added,
and
today
we
have
a
variety
of
washing
machines
with
different
features
and
styles
to
help
us
out
and
make
life
simpler
and
easier.
本文介绍了洗衣机的发展变化过程。
1．According
to
the
passage,
the
first
washing
machine________.
A．was
invented
in
the
year
1797
B．was
invented
for
a
woman
C．worked
by
using
a
drum
D．was
electrically
powered
答案：A　事实细节题。根据文中第二段第一句话可知答案。
2．Why
were
the
earlier
washing
machines
heavy
A．They
were
equipped
with
a
cast iron
mechanism
on
the
tub
lid.
B．They
had
a
metal
tub
and
reduction
gears.
C．They
had
a
galvanized
metal
tub
and
an
electric
motor.
D．They
had
a
hand powered
mechanism.
答案：A　事实细节题。根据文中第四段最后一句可知答案。
3．What
can
we
learn
from
the
fifth
paragraph
A．The
washing
machine
with
a
metal
tub
and
reduction
gears
was
invented
in
1920s.
B．The
washing
machines
with
a
metal
tub
did
not
make
any
noise.
C．The
cleaning
process
became
simpler
thanks
to
an
enameled
sheet
metal
tub.
D．The
wooden
tub
washing
machine
was
cheaper
than
one
with
a
metal
tub.
答案：C　事实细节题。根据第五段最后一句话可知答案。
4．What
was
an
advantage
of
the
spin
dry
feature
A．It
didn't
have
buttons
to
control
it.
B．The
wash
and
rinse
temperature
could
be
controlled.
C．It
avoided
accidents
involving
the
hair
and
hands.
D．It
speeded
up
the
spin
speed.
答案：C　事实细节题。根据倒数第二段的“and
this
replaced
the
old
wringer,
which,
while
drying
the
clothes,
would
remove
the
buttons
or
cause
accidents
involving
the
hair
and
hands.”已经替代了旧的机器去避免事故的发生。
1．revolve
vi.
旋转
2．dirt
n.
肮脏；尘土
3．replace
vt.
取代；代替
4．feature
n．/vt.
特色；以……为特色
1．wash
away
冲刷掉；洗掉
2．a
variety
of
各种各样的；多样的
3．help
out
帮助……摆脱困难
原文：This
was
the
first
official
washing
machine
that
could
be
used
at
home.(定语从句)
译文：这是第一台正式的可以在家里使用的洗衣机。
仿写：The
first
place
of
interest
that_they_visited_in_London
last
year
was
the
Big
Ben.
去年他们在伦敦参观的第一处名胜是大本钟。
B
[2016·福州八中质检二]I
still
read
out
loud
to
my
son.
He
is
in
fifth
grade
and
an
avid
reader.
He
plows
through
books
and
is
currently
devouring
(津津有味地看)．The
Hobbit
which
he
calls
“addicting”.
But
he
still
likes
it
when
I
read
out
loud
to
him
before
bed.
I've
always
read
to
him,
I
could
probably
recite
Goodnight
Moon
by
heart
and
I
like
to
think
it
has
helped
to
instill
his
love
of
reading
in
him.
But
as
he's
gotten
older,
reading
to
him
has
changed.
The
books
are
longer,
of
course,
and
sometimes
he
corrects
me
if
I
misread
a
word
in
the
dim
light
of
his
room.
But
what's
really
changed
is
what
we
both
get
out
of
it.
When
I
was
in
fifth
grade,
I
had
a
wonderful
teacher,
Mr
Hanks,
who
would
read
aloud
to
the
class
after
lunch.
I
remember
him
reading
Roald
Dahl's
Charlie
and
the
Chocolate
Factory
and
me
hanging
on
every
word.
I
could
hardly
wait
for
lunch
to
be
over
to
find
out
what
happened
next
to
little
Charlie
Bucket.
Now
I'm
giving
the
same
gift
to
my
own
son.
Last
week
he
brought
me
a
copy
of
Charles
Dickens'
A
Christmas
Carol
he
found
on
the
shelf
and
asked
me
to
read
it
to
him.
One
of
the
bonuses
of
reading
to
an
older
child
is
you
can
revisit
a
beloved
book
from
your
past
or
be
exposed
to
a
book
you
have
never
read
yourself.
Such
was
the
case
with
A
Christmas
Carol
which
I
admit
I
had
never
read.
So
when
I
started
reading
I
worried
that
it
would
be
a
tough
go
since
the
book
uses
expressions
and
the
language
Dickens
used
in
the
1840's.
I
found
myself
having
to
define
things
such
as
braziers
and
balustrades.
But
in
the
wonderful
descriptiveness
of
Dickens'
prose,
my
son
was
especially
taken
with
his
description
of
Scrooge's
house
where
he
had
often
played
hide and seek
with
other
friends.
读书使人受益，睡前给孩子读书，让孩子成为了一个热爱阅读的人。
5．When
it
comes
to
reading
out
loud
to
the
author's
son,
she
feels________.
A．tired
B．curious
C．nervous
D．happy
答案：D　事实细节题。从文中第二段“I've
always
read
to
him,
I
could
probably
recite...his
love
of
reading
in
him.”可知作者乐于读书给孩子听。
6．It
can
be
inferred
from
the
text
that
________.
A．the
author's
son
enjoys
her
reading
to
him
B．the
author
puts
too
much
pressure
on
her
son
C．the
author's
son
dislikes
reading
on
his
own
D．the
author
finds
it
unnecessary
to
read
to
her
son
答案：A　推理判断题。从文中第五段“he
found
on
the
shelf
and
asked
me
to
read
it
to
him.”可知A正确，其余选项文中未谈到相关内容。
7．Compared
with
Goodnight
Moon,
A
Christmas
Carol
________.
A．is
much
shorter
B．is
harder
to
understand
C．is
better
known
to
the
author
D．is
more
popular
with
younger
children
答案：B　事实细节题。从文中最后一段“A
Christmas
Carol
which
I
admit
I
had
never
read.
So
when
I
started...the
language
Dickens
used
in
the
1840's.”可知比Goodnight
Moon难理解。
8．The
author
writes
the
text
in
order
to
________.
A.encourage
children
to
read
more
books
B.recommend
some
excellent
books
to
readers
C.persuade
parents
to
read
out
loud
to
their
children
D.share
her
experience
of
reading
out
loud
to
her
son
答案：D　作者写作的目的意在分享与孩子共同读书的经历。
1．plow
vi./vt./n.
犁；耕耘
2．misread
vt.
读错
3．beloved
adj.
心爱的；挚爱的
4．define
vt.
定义；使明确
5．description
n.
描写
1．get
out
of
逃避；避免
2.be
exposed
to
暴露于
原文：But
he
still
likes
it
when
I
read
out
loud
to
him
before
bed.(固定句型)
译文：但是他仍然喜欢我在睡前大声地给他读出来。
仿写：I_would_appreciate_it
if
you
could
accept
our
invitation.
如果你能接受我们的邀请，我会很感激的。
Ⅱ.七选五(建议用时8′)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
[2016·山西四校联考]
It
is
necessary
to
be
reasonable
and
flexible
enough
to
avoid
conflicts
as
much
as
possible
and
live
in
peace
with
others.__1__If
you
have
done
all
your
best
to
avoid
conflicts
and
you
are
still
arguing,
then
read
these
effective
tips
on
how
to
avoid
conflicts.
Don't
get
in
the
center
of
the
conflict.
Sometimes
people
can
get
in
the
center
of
conflicts
due
to
their
enthusiasm
for
offering
help.
Frankly
speaking,
it
is
very
unwise,
because
it
can
make
you
the
main
figure
of
the
conflict.__2__
You
should
focus
on
your
own
life
issues.
Be
kind.
__3__Life
is
full
of
conflicts
and
disagreements,
that's
why
you
should
find
more
conservative
ways
of
dealing
with
them.
For
example,
kindness
can
lessen
the
conflict.
Try
to
be
a
peacekeeper.
Peacekeepers
tend
to
cooperate
with
people
without
bad
emotions
which
usually
lead
to
arguments
and
even
conflicts.“__4__”This
saying
is
the
life
motto
of
a
natural－born
peacekeeper.
Don't
worry
if
you
are
not
a
natural－born
peacekeeper;
you
can
gain
this
skill
during
life.
Walk
off.
When
the
conflict
is
gathering
pace
and
you
can't
manage
to
control
yourself,
you
should
choose
to
handle
the
situation
in
another
way.
By
all
means,
try
to
keep
yourself
away
from
stress.
__5__You
should
get
away
from
the
situation
for
a
while.
A．Conflicts
are
unavoidable,
so
try
to
accept
them.
B．The
greatest
victory
is
a
battle
not
fought.
C．It
is
helpful
to
put
some
distance
between
yourself
and
the
opponent.
D．Let
other
people
solve
their
problems
without
your
presence.
E．Weak
people
usually
desire
others
to
offer
help
and
support.
F．Arguing
can
either
break
your
friendship
or
affect
your
relationship
to
some
degree.
G．When
someone
pushes
you
to
the
limit,
try
to
act
kindly
towards
this
person.
文章介绍了几种有效避免冲突的方法。
1．F　只有知道了冲突的严重危害，我们才能去想法避免它。
2．D　因为文中提到了“You
should
focus
on
your
own
life
issues.”，故建议你不要涉及到冲突当中去。
3．G　本段中的关键词为“kind”和kindly相呼应。
4．B　试着当一个和平守护者，即“The
greatest
victory
is
a
battle
not
fought.”。
5．C　“keep
yourself
away
from
stress”即让自己与冲突或对手保持距离或者远离对手。
Ⅲ.语法填空(建议用时8′)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2016·湖北高三联考]A
father
is
very
worried
about
his
son,
__1__
acts
like
a
coward.
So
his
father
paid
a
visit
to
the
master
and
__2__
(ask)
him
to
train
his
son.
The
master
said,
“I
promise
I'll
be
able
to
train
your
child
__3__
a
real
man
in
three
months.”
Three
months
later,
his
father
came
__4__(pick)
the
child.
The
master
arranged
a
match
between
the
child
__5__
his
coach
to
show
the
three－month
training
result.
At
Round
One,
the
child
__6__
(knock)
down
and
fell
to
the
ground.
He
stood
up
to
meet
the
challenge.
But
he
was
knocked
down
again,
and
once
again
he
stood
up
to
fight...this
was
repeated
six
times.
The
master
asked
his
father,
“Do
you
think
your
child's
__7__
(perform)
is
that
of
a
man？”
The
father
said,
“I
feel
ashamed
for
__8__！
I
never
expected
that
he
would
be
so
weak
after
a
three month
__9__(train)．”
The
master
said,
“I
don't
agree
with
you,
and
I
regret
that
you
only
see
__10__
surface
of
things.
You
have
not
seen
the
courage
and
perseverance
in
your
son.
This
is
the
very
spirit
of
a
man！”
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________
5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________
9．________　10.________
父亲担心自己的孩子会成为胆小鬼，向一位大师求助。
1．who　考查who引导的非限制性定语从句，who在从句中作主语。
2．asked　and连接并列的谓语。
3．into　考查固定搭配。“train
sb.
into
sb.”把某人训练成……的人。
4．to
pick　考查固定搭配。“come
to
do”来干某事。
5．and　考查固定搭配。“between...and...”。
6．was
knocked　“孩子被击倒”，故用被动。
7．performance　“名词所有格相当于形容词”，故其后用名词。
8．him　考查固定搭配。“feel
ashamed
for
sb.”“为某人感到羞愧”。
9．training　after为介词，故其后用training。
10．the　“特指这件事情的表面”，故用定冠词the。
Ⅳ.书面表达(建议用时20′)
[2016·河北七校联考]书写是中学生日常学习中很重要的一项技能，而如今，老师、家长、学生对书写的重视程度降低了。请结合你的感受写一篇100词左右的英文短文，分析造成该现象的原因，并发表自己的看法。要点如下：
1．简要介绍该现象；
2．分析原因；
3．你的看法。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One
possible
version：
Handwriting
is
one
of
the
most
important
skills
in
students'
daily
study.
Nowadays,
however,
teachers,
students
and
their
parents
are
paying
less
and
less
attention
to
handwriting.
There
are
many
reasons
explaining
the
phenomenon,
the
main
one
of
which
is
the
growing
popularity
of
computers.
Many
students
may
think
that
they
can
just
use
a
computer,
so
there
is
no
need
to
waste
time
improving
it.
What's
more,
the
students
are
so
occupied
with
their
lessons
and
homework
every
day
that
they
have
no
adequate
time
to
practice
it.
In
my
opinion,
just
as
the
saying
goes,
writing
style
shows
the
man.
Beautiful
and
neat
handwriting
is
beneficial,
especially
for
middle
school
students.
Therefore,
more
emphasis
should
be
placed
on
this
aspect
in
future.