高考英语写作教学指导

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高考英语写作教学指导
第一部分：单项训练
1.连贯性训练
A.用已提供的短语填空
1. to my joy, generally speaking, at first, nevertheless, in the end, in a word, now that
1)____________, it is not so cold in February.
2) Smoking costs us much money and it can easily cause a big fire. ___________, smoking can do us much harm.
3) ____________, my son passed the exam with a very high mark.
4) There was no news; ____________, she went on hoping.
5) ____________, I thought it difficult to learn English, but in the end I changed my mind.
6) The flowers will soon start to bloom ____________ winter is gone and the weather is beginning to get warmer.
2. furthermore , for fear that， otherwise，so that，no matter，in spite of
1) New models are put on every year ___________ consumers will keep buying.
2) I read the chapter several times ___________ I might not able to pass the exam.
3) It is still a good idea to know how to type. ___________ the many technological advances in typewriters and word processors, a skilled operators remains indispensable.
4) A fire must have a readily available supply of oxygen. ___________ it will stop burning.
5) I like to keep the windows open at night ___________ how cold it gets.
6) Florider is famous for its tourist attractions. Its coastline offers excellent white sand beaches. ___________, it has warm, sunny weather.
B.语篇填空
1.finally, then, at first, after that
I had a bad cold last week. 1 , I had a running nose, but I did not take it seriously. 2
I began to cough. 3 , I had a fever and felt weak. 4 , I was sent to hospital and had to lie in bed for three days.
2. and , but, finally, immediately, now, at first, one day, then, so,
The naughty boy in the story “The Boy Who Cried Wolf” has grown up. 1 he works as a weatherman in his village. 2 he studied the weather carefully 3 found that a storm was coming. 4 , he told all the villagers to prepare for the bad weather, 5 no one believed him. 6 , the weather was fine, 7 the villagers said that the young man was lying again. ____8____the weather suddenly changed 9 a storm wind came. All the villagers tried to save the crops 10 it was too late. 11 , the storm ruined all the crops.
3. A: second, B: also, C: another reason is that, D: for example, E: moreover, F: however, G: on the other hand, H: first, I: one reason is that, J: the best choice
There are three major airports near Washington, D.C, but the traveler to Washington should be careful about which one to choose. 1 , Baltimore-Washington International Airport, located near the city of Baltimore, is a good airport. 2 , it is not the best choice for a traveler who wants to visit Washington. 3 it is relatively far from the city of Washington itself. 4 , a passenger bus trip between Baltimore and Washington is expensive. Dulles International Airport is a slightly better choice, since it is located closer to the city. 5 , if a traveler arrives in the early evening, he or she will encounter rush-hour traffic, which is not a good way to begin a trip to the city. 6 may be Washington-Reagan National Airport. There are two reasons for this. 7 ,this airport is the closest to the city. 8 it is located on the Metro train system, which is a convenient method of transportation.
4.first, what’s worse, in my opinion, besides, now
___1___ many middle school students are fat and there are reasons for it. Some eat too much met and too many snacks. Some sit too long but seldom exercise.
Getting fat has quite a few disadvantages. ____2_____, being fat makes it difficult for one to walk or move as others.
___3____, to be fat usually means to be weak, and it is easy for a fat person to suffer from many kinds of diseases. At the same time. A fat person gets tired easily, which decreases his study efficiency.
____4_____, to be fat is not a good thing for us middle students. We should try to eat less meat but more vegetables. ____5_____ we should try our best to take part in all kinds of sports. If so, we are sure to lose weight and stay healthy.
2.高级句型结构训练
A,续写句子
例子：before she became a teacher
造句：she was a worker before she became a teacher.
1. although the weather was perfect
_______________________________________________________________
2.when they would begin to recycle cans and bottles
_______________________________________________________________
3. after we finished writing our term papers
_______________________________________________________________
4. since he was eighteen years ago
_______________________________________________________________
5. while we took a swim
_______________________________________________________________
6. because the job offered a good salary
_______________________________________________________________
7. unless you finish your homework
_______________________________________________________________
B.按要求进行句型转换
1.I didn’t realize the mistake until I grow up.(强调划线部分）
__________________________________________________________
2.We can make our country stronger and stronger in this way.（倒装句）
__________________________________________________________
3.That we love peace is known to all.（变为it引导的形式主语）
___________________________________________________________
4.Though our country is rich, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.（将从句倒装）
__________________________________________________________
5.You should try to find a better way. Then you will make greater progress.(改为祈使句)
__________________________________________________________
6. We should take some measures. That is necessary.(改为It is +adj….结构)
__________________________________________________________
7. I was busy working. At that time, my uncle came.(用when连接两个分句)
__________________________________________________________
8. Just when the performances was over, we left the theatre.(用the moment连接两个分句)
__________________________________________________________
9. Your performance was wonderful. I was deeply impressed.(用so…that…连接句子)
__________________________________________________________
10. The technology is developing quickly. We can live longer in the future.(用with结构连接句子)
__________________________________________________________
11. He won the game. We are very surprised. (用what引导的主语从句)
__________________________________________________________
12. He didn’t realize that he had wasted much time playing computer games until he failed in the exam.(用倒装句)
__________________________________________________________
13. I haven’t time, so I will not attend your party.(用虚拟语气句)
__________________________________________________________
14. We didn’t drive in turn, so you got so tired.(用虚拟语气句)
__________________________________________________________
C.用定语从句组合句子
1. Kunming is a beautiful city. There flowers and grass can be seen everywhere.
__________________________________________________________
2. I will never forget the day. On that day I met you for the first time at the airport.
__________________________________________________________
3. He couldn’t go to college because his grades were too low.
__________________________________________________________
4. Environment protection is becoming more and more urgent. One example of it is the serious air pollution.
__________________________________________________________
5. Farmers once were looked down upon. Those days are gone.
__________________________________________________________
6. I know that student. His article has been published.
__________________________________________________________
7. I am very grateful for Tom. He often helps me gladly.
__________________________________________________________
8. Edison invented the light bulb. It is known to all.
__________________________________________________________
9. The river is now seriously polluted. There were once many trees along its banks.
__________________________________________________________
D.用非谓语动词结构组合句子
1. He had won the game. All of them sang and danced all night.
__________________________________________________________
2. When the medicine is taken on time, the medicine is effective.
__________________________________________________________
3. The little is dressed in red. She looked pretty.
__________________________________________________________
4. The flowers smelled nice. They attracted many visitors.
__________________________________________________________
5. All those came to the party last night. They are my friends.
__________________________________________________________
6. The money was needed for the sick child. It was soon collected.
__________________________________________________________
7. The young man is talking with the children. He is a famous singer.
__________________________________________________________
8. He was known as a famous expert. He received many invitations.
__________________________________________________________
9. If we given a little more time, we will do better.
__________________________________________________________
10. I didn’t know what to do. I had to ask my parents for advice.
__________________________________________________________
11. He had failed in the exam. He didn’t play computer games any more.
__________________________________________________________
12. Because I haven’t finished my work, I have to stay at home.
__________________________________________________________
13. There was no bus. So he had to walk home.
__________________________________________________________
14. If time permits, I will go shopping this afternoon.
__________________________________________________________
15. He cried suddenly. Tears rolled down his cheeks.
__________________________________________________________
3.翻译下列常用谚语
1）教育与学习类：
1.知识就是力量。
_______________________________________________________________
2.玉不琢不成器。
_______________________________________________________________
3.学无坦途。
_______________________________________________________________
4.天才不过是勤奋而已。
_______________________________________________________________
5.问得多，学得多。
_______________________________________________________________
6.及时一针省得将来九针。
_______________________________________________________________
7.岁月不待人。
_______________________________________________________________
8.活到老学到老。
_______________________________________________________________
9.滴水穿石。
_______________________________________________________________
10.万事皆通，一无所知。
_______________________________________________________________
2）工作与生活类
1.服务他人的生活才有意义。
_______________________________________________________________
2.只会用功不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。
_______________________________________________________________
3.事业是人生的第一需要。
_______________________________________________________________
4.健康是最大的财富。
_______________________________________________________________
5.一天一个苹果，不要求医问药。
_______________________________________________________________
6.良药苦口利于病。
_______________________________________________________________
7.人生并非康庄大道。
_______________________________________________________________
8.入乡随俗。
_______________________________________________________________
9.量体裁衣；量入为出。
_______________________________________________________________
10.五十步笑百步。
_______________________________________________________________
11.谎言站不住。
_______________________________________________________________
12.贪小便宜吃大亏。
_______________________________________________________________
13.做人诚信为本。
_______________________________________________________________
3）友情与爱情类
1.患难之交真朋友。
_______________________________________________________________
2.情人眼里出西施。
_______________________________________________________________
3.爱屋及乌。
_______________________________________________________________
4.爱情不分贫富贵贱。
_______________________________________________________________
5.真正的爱情永葆青春。
_______________________________________________________________
6.滥交朋友者无朋友。
_______________________________________________________________
7.益友难得。
_______________________________________________________________
4）理想与现实类
1.世上无难事，只怕有心人。
_______________________________________________________________
2.下决心成功的人已成功了一半。
_______________________________________________________________
3.伟大的理想造就伟大的人物。
_______________________________________________________________
4. 除非亲自尝试，否则你永远不知道你能够做什么
_______________________________________________________________
5.人生应该树立目标，否则你的精力会白白浪费。
_______________________________________________________________
6.有志者事竟成。
_______________________________________________________________
7.不劳则无获。
_______________________________________________________________
5）逆境与人生类
1.吃一堑长一智。
_______________________________________________________________
2.逆境出人才。
_______________________________________________________________
3.烈火验真金，艰难磨意志。
_______________________________________________________________
4.凡事不可半途而废。
_______________________________________________________________
5.逆水行舟，不进则退。
_______________________________________________________________
6.否极泰来。
_______________________________________________________________
7.欲速则不达。
_______________________________________________________________
8.条条大道通罗马。
_______________________________________________________________
9.谁笑到最后，谁笑的最好。
_______________________________________________________________
第二部分：体裁训练
一、说明文
说明文是对某事物的特征、功能、结构、本质、用途、原理、来源等进行客观和具体的阐述。目的在于提供知识、表明观点。说明文的说明对象可以是具体的客观事件、人物、自然环境，也可以是某些抽象的东西，比如原理、概念、定律、思想等。近年来，高考英语表达中对说明文的考察有递增趋势，如2008年湖南卷为介绍某个人物，四川卷要求考生说明如何保护环境，广东卷要求考生介绍奥运比赛项目——射击等。同时对说明文的考察主要融合在应用文体中，如写信，写发言稿等等。因此，考生务必加以重视。
注意说明文的以下三个语言特点：
1)时态相对较为统一：多用一般现在时；
2)以主动语态、陈述句式为主，为了表达的灵活也可以选用其他表达形式；
3)恰当地使用过渡词语充分体现时间顺序、空间顺序及逻辑顺序
这一部分将分为三类：介绍人物、介绍地点、描述图表。
一、介绍人物
【写作指导】
1.介绍人物常用短语有：
work hard at…
do sth with great determination and perseverance（毅力）
be strict in sth./with sb.
have a …way of doing sth
try one’s best to do sth.
devote oneself to…
win a prize/the first prize in …competition
be good at… /do well in…
make rapid progress in …
go through hardship/overcome many difficulties
have a gift/ talent for…
2 评价人物常用短语：
one of the best/ most important …
set a good example for…
a model teacher/worker
be respected by everyone
speak/ think highly of…
be honored as (an excellent athlete)
His hard work brought him great success.
… is the pride of …
make great contributions to…
be famous/known as
remember sb forever
【真题体验】
1. （2008，湖南卷）请从下列任务中选择你 最喜欢的一位，用英语写一篇120词左右的短文。要求很具所给信息做适当发挥，且需包括一下三部分内容：
1. 对该任务的简单介绍；
2. 喜欢该任务的理由；
3. 从该任务身上得到的启示。
Thomas Edison Helen Keller William Shakespeare
inventor;creative; diligent;full of wisdom Ordinary but great woman; disabled, optimistic; eager to learn Writer; talented; imaginative; man of all ages
“Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.” “…if I have the power of sight for three days.” “Life is a stage…”
【学生习作】
Thomas Edison, a famous American scientist and inventor, had more than 1000 inventions, ①(-2分)one of them is bulb, which changed the world so greatly that the lights in America（-2分）②was turned off for three minutes in memory of him at his death.
I admire him because he made so much contribution to the world. Though not blessed with much gift and（-1分）③even thinking to be foolish in teachers’ eyes, he never discouraged himself by difficulties in life, which instead motivated him to pursue his dream. His creativity and diligence made him full of wisdom and paved the way for his final success.
（-2分）④Just as he put it, genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration. The key to success is not to ask what others can do for me, but to ask what I can do and how I can do it for my others. （得分档次：第四档，18分）
【习作评析】
1.总体评价：本篇文章要点齐全，连贯性比较好，如though, but等词的使用。文章还使用了不少高级句型，如定语从句，让步状语从句，还有各种动词短语等。但美中不足的是出现了一些句型错误，扣分就不可避免。
2. 误点点拨：①处them改为which, 此处为非限制性定语从句。
②处去掉turned。turn off为短暂性动词短语，在此处不合句意。
③处将thinking改为thought,此处应为被动语态。
④处去掉it，此处as引导非限制性定语从句。
【范文】
Born in American, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor. He was once thought to be a boy who was not worth educating. In fact, he was a man full of imagination.
I admire Edison a lot because of his great contribution to the world. He had more than 1000 inventions. In his little time, he was always eager to know how things worked, which helped him to earn the nickname “the Wizard of Meio Park”. He was also so diligent that he worked day and night. And this explained why he had so many inventions.
What impresses me most is his famous saying, “genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration”. Probably I cannot be an Edison myself, but I can be a hardworking learner. From him, I realize the secret to success is not when and where you were born, but what you are doing and how you do it in your life.
【即学即练】
1.假如你们班这期的黑板报需要一篇关于德国作曲家贝多芬（Ludwig van Beethoven）的生平的文章，请根据以下表格写一篇人物简介：
人物：Beethoven 生平事迹
出生日期、地点 1770年12月诞生于德国波恩（Bonn）；
童年时期 自幼跟从父亲学音乐。很早就显露了音乐才能，八岁开始登台演出；
成年后 18岁时母亲去世，开始担负抚养两个弟弟的责任；在事业获得巨大成功的同时深受耳聋折磨；1827年死去；
作品 一生完成了一百多部作品，其中有交响乐9部，至今还影响着人们。
要求：1.字数150左右 2. 参考词汇 交响乐：symphony 作曲家：composer 作品：masterpiece 3. 不可照译，可以适当扩展
二 介绍地点
1. 介绍地点，有四项基本要求：一是抓住此处所的基本特征；二是要遵循一定的顺序，使文章条理清楚，中心突出；三是要运用恰当的方法进行说明；最后是语言要做到准确无误。我们常用的方法有列数字、做比较、打比方、举例子、引资料等。遣词造句不可过分渲染或模棱两可，要简洁、明白。尤其要注意方位词的准确运用。
2. 学习并牢记下面的短语和句型
表空间顺序
in front of, in the front of, at the back of, on the right（left）side，close to , next to, opposite, across,
inside, outside, in （to）the south / east / west / north, on one side …, on the other side（of）
表方位
1. There is a tall shelf on the left of my room. （on the right of, in the front of, near the window, ）
2. Above the bed, there is a large painting of the blue sea. （On the right of the room,）
3. Next to it is a bed. （In front of it, At the back of, In the middle of, To the right of ）
4. They are opposite the door. （on the left / right of the room.）
5. The office building is in the east of the campus. （in the south of, to the west of, in front of, behind, at the back of, ）
6. The monument, which was built in 1894, stands in the center of the square.
描述国家，城市等
7. China is located in Asia. （be situated…be surrounded by, lie to the east of ）
8. It covers a huge area of 9,600 000 square kilometers.
9. The population of this city is 100,000.
描述路线
10. When you come out of …（get to …reach…）
11. Cross the street（river）（keep walking along… walk down…）
12. Turn right at the end of Bridge Street into Riverside Road. （the second traffic lights, the first crossing, ）
13. Take the first turning on your left. （take the path which crosses the river.））
14. Go straight on to the traffic light and then turn right.
15. You’ll see（find）it
【例题体验】
假如你是李明，你正在陕西省会西安旅游。你的朋友Peter发来email, 让你介绍一下当地情况。请根据下表所提供的要点作出回复，并希望他也能来此旅游。
基本情况 1.历史悠久，华夏文明的发源地，号称“自然历史博物馆”；2.四面临山傍水，风景优美。
重要名胜古迹 1.秦始皇兵马俑（世界第八大奇迹）；2.周边的华山（五岳之一）, 渭河，秦岭山脉等；3.……
注意：1.词数150左右，信的格式及开头以为你写好（不记入总词数）。
2.可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3.参考词汇：秦始皇兵马俑 Terra Cotta Warriors and Horses 起源地 origin 文明 civilization
【学生习作】
Dear Peter,
I am very glad to tell you about my trip in Xian, the capital city of Shanxi province. Its beautiful scenery is really a feast to your eyes and its long history has impressed me so much. （-2分）①It is no denying that Xian is the origin of Chinese civilization. Maybe 'the eighth major miracle of the world' alone, Terra Cotta Warriors and Horses, is enough to explain why it enjoys the title of‘Natural History Museum’, （-2分）②not mention others numerous historical sites, such as Famen Temple and the City Wall of the Ming Dynasty and so on. Furthermore, Qinling Mountains stands to the south and the Weihe River lies to the north. It is in a favorable geographical location surrounded by water and hills. Mountain Huashan in particular makes me love it at the first sight with its breath-taking cliffs and unique characteristics. No wonder that it is regarded as one of the five best-known mountains in China.
Xian is really worth your visiting. I look forward to your coming.（得分档次：第四档，21分）
Yours,
Liming
【习作评析】
1.总体评价：结构完整，思路清晰，短文字里行间反映了描写地点类说明文的基本格式和要求。文章分为两部分来介绍西安，即第二句中所说的风景和历史古迹，条理很清楚。短文运用了不少高级句型和短语，如：a feast to your eyes，at the first sight，no wonder that, be regarded as,分词短语结构等等使文章语言地道而丰富。要注意的是固定句型要记牢。
2.误点点拨：①处It改为There, There is no denying..., 固定句型，“不可否认……”。
②处not mention改为not to mention, 固定句型，“不用提”。
3.画龙点睛：第二段的倒数第三、四句比较松散，可改为with结构的句型：Furthermore, with Qinling Mountains to the south and the Weihe River to the north, it is in a favorable geographical location surrounded by water and hills.
【范文】
Dear Peter,
I am very glad to tell you about my trip in Xian, the capital city of Shanxi province. What impress me deeply are its natural scenery and long history. First, as is known to the world, Xian has a long history and is the origin of Chinese civilization. The cultural and historical significance of the area, as well as so many historical sites, help Xian enjoy the title of‘Natural History Museum’. Just take Terra Cotta Warriors and Horses for example. It is praised as‘the eighth major miracle of the world’. Second, it is in a favorable geographical location surrounded by water and hills, for example, to the north of the city stands the Qinling Mountains and to the north lies the Weihe River. I have also climbed Mountain Huashan, one of the five best-known mountains in China, which is famous for its breath-taking cliffs and its unique characteristics.
It is really worth your visiting. I look forward to your coming.
Yours,
Liming
【即学即练】
2.假如你是王林，你正在黄山度假。黄山美丽的风景深深吸引着你，请根据以下要点写一封email给你的朋友李军，描述自己的所见。
1. 黄山占地250平方公里，其中154平方公里是风景点；
2. 黄山七十二峰，最高峰莲花峰吸引了无数游客来攀登，迎客松成为好客的象征；
3. 黄山以奇松、怪石、云海、温泉而闻名于世；
4. ……
注意：1.词数150左右，信的格式及开头以为你写好（不记入总词数）。
2.可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3.参考词汇： 莲花峰 Lotus Flower Peak 温泉 hot spring 好客的 hospitable
Dear Lijun,
This is my first time to visit Mountain Huangshan. __________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
If possible, I advise you to experience its unique beauty by yourself.
Yours,
Wanglin
三 描述图表
【写作指导】
高考中的图表作文要求考生在对图表中相关数据进行仔细说明、分析、比较的基础上，归纳出数据的增减变量，从而总结出图表所反映的主题、意向、趋势和潜在含义，继而从中推导出合乎逻辑的结论和看法。考生可从以下三个方面着手：
1.开门见山地点明该该图表所反映的主题。经常使用的词汇有：table, chart, figure, graph, describe, tell, show, represent等。
2.分析数据见的主要差异及趋势，可采用分类式或对比式，并阐明理由。
1) 写好图表作文的关键是记住一些常用的词和短语。例如：
描述图表变化趋势的词语：
上升：increase/ rise/ go up/ shoot up；下降：decrease/ reduce/ come down/ decline/ drop/ fall； 快：quickly/ rapidly/ sharply/ dramatically； 慢：slowly/ gradually/ slightly；持续不变：level off/ remain steady/ remain unchanged
常用句型：在表格描述中常用as-clause。如： As is shown in…；As can be seen from…。
表达比较与对比法常用句式与词语：
There are a lot of similarities between … and…；…is similar to…；similarly, likewise, in comparison, just like;
The difference between … and … lies in…；on the contrary, in contrast, on the other hand
分析原因的词语：
lead to, result in, cause, be responsible for, account for, contribute to
表示一段时间始末的词组：
between 1986 and 1990; during/over the period from 1986 to 1990…
2) 重点要突出：在行文过程中要注意，不要盲目地引用过多的或全部的表格上数据，不要做毫无目的、没有主次的数据的堆砌。除了可以直接引用有代表性的关键数字外，应该有目的地进行简单的计算，指出增减的百分比、倍数或绝对数字来。
3.归纳总结或发表看法。常用短语和句型: in a word, in short, It’s clear from the chart that…， We can draw the conclusion that …， We can learn/know that…等。
4.图表作文的写作模板
As is shown in the table (or in the picture), ___________ dropped from ___________ in 1994 to ___________ in 1996___________ According to the figures given in the table, ___________ has great increased (or decreased) in the past … years (or decades), reaching ___________ in 1996. From the table we can also see that there has been a sharp decline (or rise) in … It is clear that …
There are at least two good reasons for ___________ For one thing, ___________. Let’s have an example to illustrate the great increase in ___________.For another thing, ___________ is due to the fact that ___________. In addition, ___________ is responsible for ___________.Maybe there are some other reasons to show ___________. But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly acceptable.
As far as I am concerned, ___________. So my conclusion is that ___________. I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.
【真题体验】
（请根据对某校2004-2007年这段时间学生中拥有QQ号人数的调查写一篇文章，要求描述变化并得出结论，词数150左右。
【学生习作】
With the development of the Internet, nowadays many students own QQs. According to the chart, in 2004, only 20% of the students had QQs, but in 2005, 40% had QQs. In 2006, about 50% of them owned QQs, and in 2007, 60% of them had QQs.
So there is no doubt that QQ has been very popular among middle school students. There are many reasons for that. First, （-2分）①they are very convenient to communicate with each other. Second, they can entertain （-1分）②them through QQ, （-2分）③such as they can play games, enjoy music and even watch TV. QQ’s functions are becoming more and more. As a result, it has even provided the latest news especially entertainment, so they needn’t read newspapers. Personally, students should make proper use of and not be addicted to QQ, and then it can serve its purpose beautifully. （得分档次：第四档，18分）
【习作评析】
1. 总体评价：本文是一篇叙议结合的短文，要点基本齐全。作者首先简要描述了变化，并在第二段就QQ流行的原因做了说明，最后提出建议。此外，本文作者合理使用了一些关联词和过度词语，使文章前后连贯，内容紧凑，过渡自然，提高了文章的得分档次。但是由于第一段过于单调，减去2分，加上出现一些明显的词语用法错误，使得文章失分不少。
2. 误点点拨：①改为it’s convenient for them, convenient的主语不可为人。
②them改为themselves。
③改为for example。注意后面应加上逗号，such as后面不能接句子。
画龙点睛：文章的第一段由于数据的堆砌使得句式单调，如40% have QQs.可改为the rate doubled。可将In 2006, about 50% of them owned QQs, and in 2007, 60% of them had QQs. 整合为一句，Likewise, it rose from about 50% in 2006 to 60% in 2007. 这样修改使句子更加简洁，避免了重复。
【范文】
As is shown in the chart, the rate of students who owned QQs increased in the past four years from 2004 to 2007. Back in 2004, only 20% of them have QQs; one year later, the rate becomes twice larger; compared with about 50% in 2006, the rate in 2007 rose to 60%. Clearly, it is tending to increase.
In my opinion, the increase can be accounted for two factors. For one thing, the widespread use of the Internet makes it convenient for students to communicate with each other. For another, QQ provides all kinds of entertainments, such as playing games and enjoying music. What’s more, QQ has gradually become the main means for the public to know the latest news. Personally, students should make proper use of and not be addicted to QQ, and only so can it serve its purpose beautifully.
【即学即练】
3.下面表格是某地区居民近10年的消费变化，请根据要求写一篇文章，要求要求描述变化并得出结论，词数150左右。
1998 2000 2003 2007
Food , drink and clothing 40% 35% 30% 25%
Transport and recreation 10% 15% 20% 25%
Education and housing 30% 35% 38% 40%
others 20% 15% 12% 10%
二、议论文
1.议论文亦称说理文、论说文，是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表意见、提出主张的文体。论点、论据、和论证是不可缺少的三要素。
2. 议论文的语言特点：
1) 时态的使用相对比较广泛，根据行文的需要可以使用任何时态; 2) 主动语态、陈述句式为主，被动语态和虚拟语气在议论文中也经常使用; 3) 恰当地使用过渡词语和一些固定句型。
3. 议论文常用的逻辑联系词语包括：in my opinion, personally, for the sake of, clearly, obviously, surely, undoubtedly, hence, moreover, besides, in addition, what’s more, additionally, furthermore, first(ly), to begin with, second (ly), last(ly), first of all, most important of all, on the other hand, worse still, on the contrary, as a result / consequence, consequently , generally speaking, last but not the least(最后但并不是最不重要的一点; 最后的一项要点是) in short, all in all, in conclusion, in brief 等。
4.议论文不同类型模板：
1).不同观点列举型（选择型）：
There is a widespread concern over the issue that 作文题目 . But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. Some people think that 观点一. In their views, there are two factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, 原因一 . Furthermore, in the second place, 原因二 .
People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that 观点二 . In their point of view, on the one hand, 原因一 . On the other hand, 原因二 . Therefore, there is no doubt that 观点二 .
As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that 观点一或二 . It is not only because ____ , but also because . The more , the more ./ On when we… can we do__________.
2).权衡利弊型：
Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that) 作文题目 .In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in 题目议题 . Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspect as follows. Firstly, 优点一 . And secondly, 优点二 . Just as a popular saying goes, every coin has two sides and 讨论议题 is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, 缺点一 . In addition, 缺点二 . To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of 讨论议题 into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we definitely make a better use of the 讨论议题 .
3).问题与建议：
In recent days, we have to face a problem that ____________.
解决方法：With the help of modern technology, we now have many means to solve it. By doing _____________, we can___________. What’s the most important is that_____________.
结论: In a word, it is clear/obvious that _____________. Only when ________ can we________.
【真题体验】
（2005，全国Ⅱ）假设你是李华，最近国内一家英文报纸正在讨论北京动物园是否应迁出市区。以下是你所在班级讨论的情况。请你给该报写一封信，反映讨论结果。
赞成迁出： 反对迁出：
1．游客多，交通堵塞2．郊区环境好 1．建于1906年，中外闻名2．搬迁易造成动物死亡
注意：1．词数100字左右，信的开头已为你写好。
2．可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3．参考词汇： 郊区—suburb
June 3, 2005
Dear Editor ,
Recently, our class have had a heated discussion about whether the Beijing Zoo should be moved out of the city.
【学生习作】
June 3, 2005
Dear Editor ,
Recently, our class have had a heated discussion about whether the Beijing Zoo should be moved out of the city. Opinions are divided on it. Some for the move offered the following reasons. On one hand, too many tourists（-2分）①has led to the present heavy traffic jams. On the other hand, the suburb（-2分） ②is bound to a deal place for the animals to live in with better environment. However, other students against the idea also have their sound reasons. There was no doubt that the Beijing Zoo which was built in as early as 1906, is known at home and abroad. To make things worse, some animals will suffer death easily as a result of the move. In a word, it（-2分） ③remains decided about the decision.(得分档次：第四档16分)
【习作评析】
1.总体评价：文章结构严谨，条理清晰，作者也使用到了不少高级句型。但是，由于动词时态错误较多（-3分），且出现了比较大的语态错误，导致文章得分降低。时态错误有两处：Some for the move offered the following reasons.中的offered应该改为offer，There was no doubt that…中的was改为is。
2.误点点拨：①has改为have。
②在to后加上be。
③remains decided remains to be decided。
【范文】
June 3 ,2005
Dear Editor ,
Recently ,our class have had a heated discussion about whether the Beijing Zoo should be moved out of the city. Some of my classmates are in favor of the move. They say large crowds of tourists to the zoo will result in traffic jams. They also say that once moved, animals will have more space and better living conditions in the suburbs. However ,other students are against the idea, saying that the Beijing Zoo, built in 1906, has a history of 100 years ,and is well –known at home and abroad .So it should remain where it is .What’s more ,moving may cause the death of some animals. To move or not, this is a big decision which has to be made by people in Beijing.
Yours truly,
Li Hua
【即学即练】
4.假如你居住的城市将开始老城改造工程，其中包括拆除具有历史意义的古老建筑。你们班对此展开讨论，请根据以下结果写一篇文章：
赞成 古老建筑是历史的载体；让后代更深刻地了解城市的发展史，激发对城市的热爱之情；……
反对 阻碍了经济的发展和城市现代化进程；有碍城市的美观；……
你的看法 ……
要求：词数150左右,文章的开头已给出，不计入词数 参考词汇：载体 carrier 拆除 demolish
Our class recently has had a heated discussion about whether the historic old buildings should be demolished. Opinions vary from one to another.________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
三、记叙文
记叙文是所有文体写作的基础。它是记叙人物的经历和事情发生、发展、变化过程的文章。
记叙文的写作要领：
1?内容完整，交代清楚文章的六大要素。
2?线索清楚，注意叙述的主要线索和次要线索，只有这样才能使文章有较强的条理性。
2. 取材适当。对于一个事件来说，有很多相关的细节，不可能把它们都包括在一篇短文之中，所以在叙述的时候，一定要做到详略得当、取舍适当。这样一来，文章的主题就会更加突出，主次就会更加分明。
（三）记叙文的语言特点：
1. 以一般过去时为主, 各种时态为辅, 合理地使用丰富多彩的动词时态是记叙文的首要语言特点。
2. 多用动词, 尤其是动态性强的行为动词是英语记叙文的又一个明显的语言特点。
3. 适当使用连接词。
4. 叙事角度：记叙文通常采用第一人称或第三人称两个角度来进行阐述。第一人称叙事角度是指以当事人的口吻叙述人物或事件。第三人称叙事角度是指以第三人称的身份来客观叙述人物或事件。不管用那种人称，全文必须一致。
基于近年来的常考题型，本部分将分为：图画类，写人记事类
图画类：
图画作文要求图画所提供的信息叙述一件事或阐述图画中反映的某种社会现象。图画作文的写作步骤可以概括为：审题（把握主旨，文体，人称等）；列出要点，选好词句；连句成篇，适当发挥；查漏勘误，规范誊写。
【真题体验】
（2002年北京春季招生卷）为了响应38年前毛主席提出的“向雷锋同志学习”的号召，配合北京迎“奥运”宣传活动，光明中学组织了一次到某汽车站的学雷锋活动。请根据以下6幅图画，用英语写一篇日记。
注意：1．词数100左右； 2．日记的开头与结尾已为你写好；3.生词：奥运知识竞赛：general knowledge quiz on the Olympic Games
Tuesday, March 5, 2002 Fine
Thirty-eight years ago, the late Chairman Mao called on us to learn from Lei Feng. To mark the occasion, we organized an activity at a nearby bus station today.
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
Today's activity has taught us the new meaning of the spirit of Lei Feng: Sharing with others what you have — your time, energy, or knowledge — makes you feel warm in your heart. It has truly made a difference in how I feel about myself.
【学生习作】
Tuesday, March 5, 2002 Fine
Thirty-eight years ago, the late Chairman Mao called on us to learn from Lei Feng. To mark the occasion, we organized an activity at a nearby bus station today.
At 8 o'clock in the morning, we reached the 712 bus station. To our joy, we ①(-2分)receive a warm welcome. Then ②（-2分）we separated into different groups. Some of us offer the drivers books and magazines, teaching them English who are so absorbed in our teaching. Some of us clean the buses very carefully. In addition, some acted as traffic policemen directing traffic during rush hours and helped the elderly cross the street.
Later, the workers of the bus station held a general knowledge quiz on the Olympic Games with us. What great fun it is when all of us expressed our ideas actively. Time flied! Around four o'clock, we had to say good bye to the workers, but we feel so glad on the way home.
Today's activity has taught us the new meaning of the spirit of Lei Feng: Sharing with others what you have — your time, energy, or knowledge — makes you feel warm in your heart. It has truly made a difference in how I feel about myself.(按第四档给分：19分)
【习作评析】
1.总体评价:作为学生日记，这篇文章存在不少错误。首先，日记是记述已经发生了的事情，动词时态应该用过去时（-3分）；其次，有些句子使用不当，下面将具体更正。不过文章结构合理，语言通顺、连贯，因此文章按第四档给分。
2.误点点拨：①receive改为received。其它时态错误有：Some of us offer the drivers…；…teaching them English who are so absorbed in our teaching；Some of us clean…。这些句子里的谓语动词均应改为一般过去时。
②we separated改为we are separated。语态错误，应该被动语态。
【范文】
Tuesday, March 5, 2002 Fine
Thirty-eight years ago, the late Chairman Mao called on us to learn from Lei Feng. To mark the occasion, we organized an activity at a nearby bus station today.
At 8 o'clock in the morning, we arrived at the 712 bus station, where we were warmly welcomed by the drivers and conductors.
Then we broke up into several groups. Some of us taught some drivers and conductors English, while others cleaned the buses. Still others directed traffic at the crossroads near the bus station and helped the elderly cross the street.
Staff members of the bus station and our classmates then took part in a general knowledge quiz on the Olympic Games in the afternoon, which was great fun for both sides. Around four o'clock, we said goodbye to one another, and felt very happy on the way home.
Today's activity has taught us the new meaning of the spirit of Lei Feng: Sharing with others what you have—your time, energy, or knowledge—makes you feel warm in your heart. It has truly made a difference in how I feel about myself.
【即学即练】
5.请根据以下四幅图（小华一天的经历）和提示词，以Virtue of Helping Others为题，用英语写一篇150字左右的短文，主要内容为：
1） 图中小华助人为乐的行为；2）你对助人为乐的看法。
写人记事类：
写人记事一方面要注重人物的肖像、语言和行为细节描写，另外一方面要注意选材，弄清主次。常见段落结构：主题句－发展句－结论句。
【例题体验】
你们学校的英语校报最近新开设了一个“My favorite teacher”栏目，而你的英语老师Mr. Green虽然很年轻，但教学方法很独特，而且善于激发大家的意志。请你根据下列要点为这个栏目写一篇关于他的文章。
1. 简要描述他的外貌。
2. 记述他的一些与众不同的地方。
要求：字数 150左右，可以适当展开想象。 参考词汇： 激发 motivate
【学生习作】
Mr. Green is only several years older than us. He is considered very special not just(-2分)① because of his beard and he is very tall, but because of his ways of teaching. He is able to make his class full of laughter throughout the class, which brings him another name, Magician. For example, he often surprises us by making a joke or singing a song and so on. In addition, he always lends warm encouragement to us. Even those in the lowest spirits can be motivated by him, just because he believes we could do it, (-2分)②giving the opportunity. So (-2分)③there’s no wonder that he is regarded as a friend whom we can rely on anytime.（得分档次：第四档19分）
【习作评析】
1.总体评价：本文叙述全面，抓住了教师的外表，个人的独特风格等各要素，并使用了较多的词汇、短语和句型。如make his class full of laughter, make a joke, in the lowest spirits, rely on, lend encouragement to等，还有非限制性定语从句，被动句等各种从句的使用。文章也运用了恰当的连词，如but, in addition, so等，使得文章比较连贯。虽然也有些错误，但仍然可以判为第四档。
2.误点点拨：①处改为：because he is very tall and has a beard.连接词and前后的句式应一致，而且because后面只能接句子。
②处改为given the opportunity。given和we形成被动关系,所以用过去分词。
③处改为it’s no wonder that...，为固定句型，“难怪……”。
3.画龙点睛：文章的第一句和第二句可以合为一句：Mr. Green, only several years older than us, is considered very special…。
【范文】
Mr. Green, several years older than us, is a really special teacher. He is very tall and has a beard, which makes him look unusually serious. In fact, he is most kind and humorous. He seems born able to make his class full of laughter all the time, which explains why he is also called Magician. For example, during the class, he always has ways of giving us a surprise, such as making a joke or singing a song and so on. So what he teaches comes natural to us. What’s more, he can easily cheer up one in low spirits. Therefore, not strangely, he has been regarded as our friend we can turn to when we are in difficulty.
【即学即练】
6.你的朋友Mary最近获得了学校作文比赛一等奖，你们学校英语校报让你去采访她。请根据以下要点写一篇文章关于Mary获奖的原因。
1. 她爱好读书，由此培养了浓厚的写作兴趣。
2. 她善于以独特的方式观察周围的世界。
3. 她勤学多练。
4. ……
要求：1.词数150左右，文章的第一句已为你写好，不计入词数。2.不可照译，可适当扩展。
Mary, a lovely girl, with big eyes and glasses, has recently won the first prize in the writing contest._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
四、应用文
一）通知
1. 口头通知
(1) 口头通知通常是口头传达的消息,表达时要尽可能地口语化,做到言简意赅.口头通知一般不用写出通知的时间或发出通知的单位.
(2) 口头通知的开头常要有称呼语,具体应根据通知的对象而定.常用的称呼语有:Boys and girls, Ladies and gentlemen, Comrades and friends, Teachers and fellow students 等.注意:写称呼语时,首行应顶格写.
(3) 口头通知常用的开头有:May I have your attention, please !/ Attention, please! / Please be quiet. / Listen, please!等.结束语常: That’s all. Thank you (for listening)!等, 以示礼貌.
2. 书面通知
写书面通知时,应明确写出发出通知的单位和日期.一般情况下,书面通知的首行中央写上Notice或An Announcement等.通知的发布单位常写在正文结束的右下角,也可以写在Notice 的上方或前面,发布通知的日期一般写在正文的左下角(在落款的下一行)或写在通知正文的右上角(在Notice的下一行).
口头通知和书面通知都是宣布即将发生的事情及其具体内容,因而多用将来时,一般用祈使句来强调.通知的语言要简洁明了,条理清晰,准确无误,特别是时间概念很重要,必须写得十分明确,不容丝毫含糊。
除了上面提到的称呼和开头语外，主题内容可参照以下模板：
In order to__________, ________is to be held on _________(day), ________(date), at_______(time) in_________(place). Whoever is interested in it is welcome to attend _________. Those who want to take part in _________ please sign up at the Students’ Union.
Please remember:____________________.
【例题体验】
假定你是学校的业余气象员李华,请你在晚上6:00根据电台天气预报节目中得知的天气情况,通过广播用英语向全体学生作天气预报,并提出忠告.要点如下表:
时段项目 午夜至凌晨2:00 明天早晨 上午
天气情况 大风,降温5℃ 至8℃ 阴天,有小雪
要求与忠告 离开教室时要关好门窗;起床时要多穿衣服,注意保暖,以防感冒。
注意：1.必须包括所给要点,但不可逐条译成英语; 2. 词数;150左右.
【学生习作】
Hello, everyone,
How are you It’s now 6 o’clock in the evening. I want to tell you about the weather report.
A strong wind is on the way and will last from this midnight to two early tomorrow morning and the temperature will(-2分)①reduce from 5℃ to 8℃. Also it’s going to be cloudy with light snowfalls tomorrow morning. So it is my advice that all the windows and doors should be closed before you leave the classroom tonight because the strong wind is surely to break them into pieces. However that’s far from enough. As you know, people tend to get cold when the weather changes. So you’d better put on more clothes when you get up the next morning. (-2分)②Just as the saying goes that good health is over wealth. That’s all. Thank you a lot.(按第三档给分)
【习作评析】
1.总体评价：文章为口头通知备用稿。虽然通知单的对象、内容、时间、要求都比较清楚，但通知的格式不正确（-6分）；同时还有句型错误，因此这篇短文按照第三档给分。
2.误点点拨：①处改为：will be reduced from…,此处应该为被动语态。
②处改为Just as the saying goes, good health is over wealth。此处使用的仅仅是一个分句，故改为定语从句。
【范文】:
Teachers and fellow students,
May I have your attention, please It’s now 6 o’clock in the evening. Here is the weather report.
There will be a strong wind from this midnight to two early tomorrow morning and the temperature will drop by 5℃ to 8℃. Also it’s going to be cloudy or there may be light snowfalls tomorrow morning. Therefore, make sure that all the windows and doors are closed when you leave the classroom tonight in case they might be broken by the strong wind. You see, it’s getting colder and colder, so I’d like to remind you that you should put on more clothes when getting up the following morning to protect yourself from cold. After all, good health is of vital importance to anyone. That’s all. Thank you a lot.
Here’s Li Hua reporting.
【即学即练】
7.今天是4月10日，本周日李阳老师将来你们学校作关于“The secret to learn English well”的演讲，，请你以学生会的名义用英语写一份书面通知。其时间安排和内容如下：
1.下午2点至4点在学校大礼堂听报告；
2. 4点至5点李阳老师和师生进行互动；
3. 自带凳子、笔记本；结束后写出心得；
4. 不得缺席，不得在听报告时制造噪音。
要求：词数150左右。
二）书信、电子邮件
书信和电子邮件是日常生活中人们进行交流的主要途径。目前高考中所要求写的信函和邮件的开头和结尾一般在题目中都已经给出，只要求考生写出正文。
书信的开头和结尾可使用的基本用语：
1.开头语：
1) 常用开头语
a. How are you getting on recently
b. Many thanks for your last letter.
2) 下面的开头语相当于汉语正式文体中的“某某人敬启”。
a. I write in a hurry to inform you that…
b. I’m very much delighted to inform you that…
2. 结尾语
1) 常用结尾语有：
a. Good luck to you !
b. Please give my best wishes to …
c. Wish you good health and remember me to…!
2) 采用分词短语: 句末多用逗号。
a. Waiting for your good news,
b. Looking forward to your early reply / hearing from you,
c. Hoping to hear from you soon,
3) 采用介词短语，句末多用逗号。
a. With best regards,
b. With kind regards to your family,
c. With best wishes to you and yours,
4) 采用完整句子, 句末用句号。
a. We are waiting for your good news.
b. I hope to receive your early reply.
c. We look forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.
【例题体验】
假如你是Liming, 你的朋友Lihua就高中选修科目的选择向你征求意见，请根据他发来的email进行回复，词数150左右。
Dear Liming,
Recently our class has been discussing about what electives to choose. I find it so hard to make a decision. You know, my parents put science, such as physics and chemistry, in the first place, but I like arts, especially history and politics. On the other hand, I am not sure whether my choice will ensure job opportunities in the future. What should I do
Yours,
Lihua
参考词汇：文科 arts 理科 science 选修课 electives
【学生习作】
Dear Lihua,
I am sorry to see the trouble you are in. Personally, whatever other reasons, (-2分)①there is no deny that your interest comes first. Let me take my classmates as examples. Some of them are very interested in medicine. They hope to relieve more patients of their suffering one day. Therefore, they choose biology. Some are interested in history. In their eyes, if we treasure history, many problems can be avoided. (-1分)②In my opinion, I put geography in the first place considering that I have been addicted to the mystery of universe since childhood.
Anyway, you can study to the best of your ability when you learn what you like. (-2分)③You often get twice bigger the result with half of the effort. Or if your current choice is only a path to well-paid jobs and your true interest doesn’t lie there, you will feel sick thinking about your classes and homework and your high school life is bound to be dull. （得分档次：第四档20分）
Yours,
Liming
【习作评析】
1.总体评价：作者首先提出自己的意见，紧接着以自己和同学为例来进一步论证自己的观点的真确性。最后，从正反两方面假设采用和不采用此观点的结果。评价一篇习作更重要的还要看作者的细节处理，从连贯性上看，作者运用到了不少连接词，例如so, or, therefore, anyway，considering等；从句式结构上看，作者运用到了很多短语，如be addicted to, to the best of one’s ability, feel sick doing, whatever, be bound to等，语言简洁，比较生动。要注意的是，考生在写作中尝试使用了一些语法结构，但有些结构的运用出现了错误，在高考中作文中是比较常见的。因此在写作中要确保你使用的语法结构和词汇是你作文中的亮点，而不是败笔。
2.误点点拨：① 此处应改为：there is no denying that your interest comes first. There is no doing为固定句型结构。
②in my opinion应改为As for me。in my opinion之后跟的应该是观点、意见之类的
句子，而不应该是一个事实。
③此处应改为：You often get twice the result with half of the effort. 这是倍数表达法的错误运用。
3.画龙点睛：划线的部分句式比较单调，可以考虑合为一句，运用分词结构。Some of them are very interested in medicine，hoping to relieve more patients of their suffering one day.
【范文】
Dear Liming,
I feel sorry for the dilemma you are facing. In my opinion, if you weigh up the pros and cons of your idea and your parents’, you will find your parents’ makes much more sense. Among my classmates, many choose science, such as chemistry and biology, just because science can provide more and better job opportunities than arts in the long run. Admittedly, some choose their electives on the basis of interest, saying they can enjoy what they are doing. But we may lose interest in what we always enjoy doing one day. Therefore, we cannot fully rely on interest to lead our way. You know the saying that it is no use doing what you like and you have got to like what you do. So it’s my sincere hope that you might just as well follow your parents’ opinion.
Yours,
Lihua
【即学即练】
8.假设你是Tom,《21世纪英语》报最近收到Peter的email，他在里面倾诉了自己为网瘾所困的烦恼，请根据以下要点做出回复提出建议。
1.限制上网时间，特别是夜间上网时间不宜过长；
2.上网时，光线要亮，保护好眼睛；
3.平时丰富业余生活，比如和朋友聊天、散步、参加体育锻炼等；
4.一旦出现早期网瘾迹象，应及时停止操作并休息。
注意：1对所给要点，不要简单翻译；2.词数150左右 3. 参考词汇：网瘾 Internet addiction
Email的首尾两句已为你写好。
Dear Peter,
After reading your email on the newspaper, I know you are suffering bitterly from the Internet addiction.
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
I hope you can get out of Internet addiction soon.
Yours,
Tom
三）演讲稿
高考演讲稿以发言稿为主。发言稿总是以第一人称的口吻写，开头往往有称呼语，如“Boys and girls”, 或问候语，如 “Good morning/afternoon!”演讲稿的文字。
演讲稿必须注意格式，即：称呼；问候；介绍；表述心情和谢意；介绍演讲的标题；演讲的内容；再次表示感谢。
【真题体验】
(2008江苏卷)实现有效的沟通，建立良好的人际关系，不仅要善于言表，更要学会倾听。请你根据下表中所提供的信息，写一篇题为“Being a Good Listener”的英文演讲稿。
为何倾听 表示尊重，增进理解，建立良好的人际关系
谁来倾听 家长倾听孩子 理解孩子，消除代沟，……
老师倾听学生 了解学生，满足需求，……
同学相互倾听 增进友谊，互帮互学，……
怎样倾听 （请考生联系自己拟定内容，列举两至三点。）
注意：1、对所给要点，逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译。
2、词数150左右。开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数。
3、演讲稿中不得提及考生所在学校及本人姓名。
Good afternoon, everyone!
The topic of my speech today is “Being a Good Listener”.
Thank you for your listening!
【学生习作】
Good afternoon, everyone!
The topic of my speech today is “Being a Good Listener”.
Only by listening to others sincerely can we show respect and promote understanding, (-1分)①both of which are the key to building a good interpersonal relationship.
As we know, quarrels seem not to be got rid of between parents and their children. So parents should listen to the teenagers to understand them and narrow the generation gap. When it comes to teachers, they should listen to their students more often. (-2分)②Above all, every student needs guidance in both study and practical life. There is no doubt that teachers can meet their needs in time if they know exactly what’s on the students’ mind. Students should listen more to each other. （-2分）③Not only it can develop the friendship but also they can learn from each other.
Personally, during listening, it’s impolite to interrupt the other as you like. Instead, you can ask him in proper time to show you are interested. What’s more, keep smiling to him or her if possible.
Thank you for your listening! （得分档次：第五档20分）
【习作评析】
1.总体评价：文章要点齐全，语言连贯得体，运用了不少的高级短语句型，虽有些错误，但仍然可按照第四档给分。
2.误点点拨：①处改为：and both of them。演讲词不宜用复杂的句子，这让听众听起来很吃力。
②处Above all改为After all。
③处Not only it can改为Not only can it。否定词置前引起倒装。
【范文】
Good afternoon, everyone.
The topic of my speech today is “Being a Good Listener”.
Good listening can always show respect, promote understanding, and improve interpersonal relationship.
Many people suggest that parents should listen more to their children, so they will understand them better, and find it easy to narrow the generation gap; teachers should listen more to their students, then they can meet their needs better, and place themselves in a good relationship with their students; students should listen more to their classmates, thus they will help and learn from each other, and a friendship is likely to be formed.
What I want to stress is that each of us should listen to others. Show your respect and never stop others till they finish their talk; show you are interested by a supportive silence or a knowing smile; be open-minded to different opinions even though you don’t like them. In a word, good listening can really enable us to get closer to each other.
Thank you for your listening!
【即学即练】
9.经济危机已成为现在甚至将来很长一段内的热点话题。请根据以下要点，写一篇发言稿在每周学校里举行的“英语沙龙”上发言，要点如下：
1.简述这次危机带来的一些问题；
2.谈谈个人如何对待这次危机。
要求：1.词数150左右，开头已给出，不计入词数；2.参考词汇：economical crisis经济危机 the global全球的 个人individual
Good afternoon, everyone!
The topic of my speech today is “How to cope with the economical crisis”.
It’s known that the economical crisis has been a great concern.________________________________
高考英语写作教学指导答案：
part1:
1.
A. 1)1.Generally speaking2.In a word 3.To my joy 4.nevertheless 5. At first 6. in the end 7.now that
2)1. so that 2. for fear that 3. In spite of 4. Otherwise 5. no matter 6. Furthermore
B. 1). 1.At first 2. Then 3. After that 4.Finally 2) 1.Now 2. One day 3. and 4. Immediately 5. but 6. At first 7. so 8. Then 9. and 10. but 11.Finally 3) 1-8: DFIEGJHC 4) 1. Now2.First 3.What’s more 4.In my opinion 5.Besides,
2.
A.略
B. 1.It was not until I grow up that I realized the mistake．
2.Only in this way can we make our country stronger and stronger.
3. It is known to all that we love peace.
4.Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.
5.Try to find a better way and you will make greater progress.
6. It is necessary that we should take some measures.
7. I was busy working when my uncle came.
8. We left the theatre the moment the performances was over.
9. Your performance was so wonderful that I was deeply impressed.
10. With the development of technology, we can live longer in the future.
11. What surprised us so much is that he won the game.
12.Not until he failed in the exam did he realize that he had wasted much time playing computer games.
13. If I had time, I would attend your party.
14. If we had driven in turn, you wouldn’t have so tired.
C. 1. Kunming is a beautiful city where flowers and grass can be seen everywhere.
2. I will never forget the day when I met you for the first time at the airport.
3. The reason why he couldn’t go to college is that his grades were too low.
4. Environment protection is becoming more and more urgent, one example of which is the serious air pollution.
5. Gone are those days when farmers were looked down upon.
6. I know that student whose article has been published.
7. I am very grateful for Tom who often helps me gladly.
8. As is known to all, Edison invented the light bulb.
9. The river is now seriously polluted along whose banks once were many trees along.
D. 1. Having won the game, all of them sang and danced all night.
2. When taken on time, the medicine is effective.
3. Dressed in red, she looked pretty.
4. The flower smelling nice attracted many visitors.
5. All those coming to the party last night are my friends.
6.The money needed for the sick child was soon collected.
7. The young man talking with the children is a famous singer.
8. Known as a famous expert, he received many invitations.
9. (If) given a little more time, we will do better.
10. Not knowing what to do, I had to ask my parents for advice.
11. Having failed in the exam, he didn’t play computer games any more.
12. Not haven’t finished my work, I have to stay at home.
13. There being no bus, he had to walk home.
14. Time permitting, I will go shopping this afternoon.
15. He cried suddenly, tears rolling down his cheeks.
3.
1）1. Knowledge is power. 2. Unpolished pearls never shine. 3. There is no royal road to learning.
4. Genius is nothing but labor and diligence. 5. He who inquires much learns much. 6. A stitch in time saves nine. 7. Time and tide waits for no man. 8. One is never too old to learn. 9. Constant dropping can wear the stone. 10. Jack of all trades is of no trade. 2）1. Only a life lived for others is a life worth while. 2. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 3. Business is the salt of life. 4. Good health is over wealth. 5. An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 6. Good medicine for health tastes bitter to the mouth. 7. Life is not all roses. 8. Do in Rome as Romans do. 9. Cut your coat according to your cloth. 10. The pot calls the kettle black. 11. Lies have short legs. 12. Penny wise, pound foolish. 13. Honesty is the best policy. 3）1. A friend in need is a friend indeed. 2. Beauty lies in the lover’s eyes. 3. Love me, love my dog. 4. Love lives in cottages as well as in courts. 5. True love never grows old. 6. A friend to all is a friend to none. 7. A faithful friend is hard to find. 4）1.Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it. 2. He who wills success is half way to it. 3. Great hopes make great man. 4. You never know what you can do till you try. 5. Have an aim in life, or your energies will all be wasted. 6. Where there is a will there is a way. 7. No pains, no gains. 5）1. A fall into a pit, a gain in your wit.
2. Adversity makes a man wise, not rich. 3. The fire is the test of gold; adversity, of strong man.
4. Do nothing by halves.5. He who does not advance loses ground. 6.Things at the worst will mend. 7.More haste, less speed.8.All roads lead to Rome. 9.He laughs best who laughs last.
Part2:
参考文章：
1. Born in Bonn, November 1770, Beethoven, a German composer, is considered one of the greatest musicians of all time. Early in his childhood, he had showed great gift for music. Under the strict education of his father, he began to perform on the stage at the age of eight. Unluckily, his mother died when he was only 18, leaving him two younger brothers. He then placed himself at the head of the family, taking responsibility for them. All his hard work paid off and he achieved great success at last. However, meanwhile, he suffered the loss of that sense on which he so depended, his hearing. Unbelievably, it instead brought him more richness and power in his more than 100 masterpieces including nine symphonies by the time of his death in 1827, which have been making great effects on people’s life up to now.
2. Dear Lijun,
This is my first time to visit Mountain Huangshan. It covers an area of 250 kilometers, of which 154 square kilometers are scenic area. Before I approached it, a stretch of peaks came into my sight. It is said that Mountain Huangshan boasts 72 peaks, more than 1,000 meters above sea level. Among them, the highest one is called Lotus Flower Peak, which has been attracting numerous visitors to have a try to reach it. In addition, I am very lucky to have enjoyed the four well-known wonders, that is, pines and stones of strange shapes, a sea of clouds and hot springs, especially the famous Yingke Pine which has become a symbol of being hospitable. It is also true of local people. In fact, apart from its beautiful scenery, it is also well- known for its rich resources and long history.
If possible, I advise you to experience its unique beauty by yourself.
Yours,
Wanglin
3. As is shown from the table, great changes have taken place in people’s expenses over the period from 1998 to 2007. The expense on food, drink and clothing is on decrease. It accounted for 25% percent in 2007, which was a little more than half the rate in 1998. On the contrary, the expenses on transport and recreation and on education and housing have been on rise. For the former, only 10% was spent on it in 1998, but the rate doubled in 2007. The same also goes for the latter. The rate rose from 30% in 1998 to 40% in 2007.
From the above, we can see that people’s living level has been rising greatly in the past 10 years. On one hand, people spend more money on travel and recreation to have richer lifestyles; on the other hand, much importance is attached to education and housing.
4. Our class recently has had a heated discussion about whether the historic old buildings should be demolished. Opinions vary from one to another. Some hold that old buildings are the carrier of history and the preservation means the best record of history. What’s more, they are the witnesses of the modern history of our city, serving as the live historical museums so that the future generation will know the city more clearly. Above all, with the historical knowledge in their mind they will be motivated by the love for the city. However, others argue that the old buildings stop modern development and so they should be demolished and give way to the construction of modern buildings. In addition, the old buildings are out of date and make the city ugly.
As to me, the second view is preferable. However, we should see whether the old buildings are worth preserving. If we deal with this problem properly, we can develop the city s well as preserve the sites of historic significance.
5. The Virtue of Helping Others
It’s a common but meaningful day for Xiaohua. She gave up her seats to an old woman in subways on the way to school. Busy as she was, she was ready to help a disabled man go up the lift the moment she got out of the subway. In her spare time, she donated blood to the sick and contributed money in order to help the poor.
As you see, the virtue of helping others is frequently seen in our daily life. Many people, like Xiaohuam, are willing to offer a h