2017版高考外研版英语一轮复习跟踪检测：选修8 module5 The Conquest of the Universe

选修八
Module
5
“阅读＋七选五＋完形”组合练——练题型
(限时：35分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2016·太原二模)Washington:
NASA
has
announced
evidence
that
Jupiter's
largest
moon,
Ganymede,
has
a
saltwater
ocean
under
its
icy
surface.
The
ocean
seems
to
have
more
water
than
all
the
water
on
Earth's
surface,
according
to
new
Hubble
observations.
New
Hubble
observations
of
Ganymede's
magnetic
field
strongly
suggest
that
the
moon,
which
is
the
largest
in
our
whole
solar
system,
is
home
to
a
subsurface
ocean.
Scientists
estimate
that
the
oceanis
95
kilometres
thick,
which
is
about
10
times
deeper
than
Earth's
oceans.
But
unlike
our
salty
waters,
Ganymede's
ocean
is
buried
under
150
kilometres
of
ice.
While
scientists
have
speculated
(推测)
since
the
1970s
about
the
presence
of
an
ocean
on
Ganymede
—
the
largest
moon
in
our
solar
system
—
until
now
the
only
observational
evidence
came
from
a
brief
flyby
by
the
Galileo
spacecraft,
which
didn't
observe
the
moon
long
enough
to
confirm
a
liquid
ocean.
This
discovery
marks
an
important
milestone,
highlighting
what
only
Hubble
can
accomplish.
In
its
25
years
in
orbit,
Hubble
has
made
many
scientific
discoveries
in
our
own
solar
system.
A
deep
ocean
under
the
icy
surface
of
Ganymede
opens
up
further
exciting
possibilities
for
life
beyond
Earth.
Scientists_have_already_confirmed_the_existence_of_an_ocean_on_Europa,_another
moon
orbiting
Jupiter,
and
NASA
has
announced
plans
to
send
an
unmanned
mission
there
searching
for
the
life
that
might
come
with
liquid
water.
Hubble
is
a
telescope
that
orbits
Earth,
but
because
of
its
impressive
gravitational
analyses
it
can
be
used
to
study
the
inside
of
far
distant
planets.
Using
these
same
principles,
scientists
could
theoretically
detect
oceans
on
distant
exoplanets
as
well.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。NASA证实木星的最大卫星Ganymede上有海洋，这一发现再次拓宽了科学家的视野，使探寻太阳系内地球以外的生命的努力更进了一步。
1.What
can
we
learn
about
Ganymede
from
the
passage
A．It
is
a
planet
with
the
largest
moon
in
our
whole
solar
system.
B．Its
ocean
adds
to
people's
excitement
about
life
beyond
Earth.
C．It
will
be
used
by
NASA
as
a
base
for
the
Hubble
telescope.
D．Its
liquid
ocean
was
first
proved
by
the
Galileo
spacecraft.
解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“A
deep
ocean
under
the
icy
surface
of
Ganymede
opens
up
further
exciting
possibilities
for
life
beyond
Earth.”可知，木星卫星Ganymede上海洋的存在激发了人们探索地球以外的生命的热情。故选B项。
2．Which
of
the
following
best
describes
the
writer's
attitude
towards
Hubble
A．Cautious.　　　　　　　　
B．Doubtful.
C．Negative.
D．Favourable.
解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第五段第一句可知，这次具有里程碑意义的发现只有哈勃望远镜能够完成。由此可推知，作者对哈勃望远镜持支持态度。故选D项。
3．What
does
the
underlined
part
in
Paragraph
6
mean
A．An
underground
ocean
has
been
found
in
Europa.
B．The
presence
of
an
underground
ocean
in
Europa
is
not
possible.
C．It
is
now
certain
that
there
is
an
ocean
on
Europa.
D．No
evidence
has
shown
the
existence
of
an
ocean
on
Europa.
解析：选C　句意猜测题。根据第六段中的“and
NASA
has
announced
plans
to
send
...
with
liquid
water”可知，因为Europa上有水存在，NASA才宣布要在Europa上搜寻地外生命；由此可推知，画线句意为：科学家们已经证实Europa上存在海洋。故选C项。
4．What
type
of
writing
does
this
passage
belong
to
A．A
term
essay.
B．A
news
report.
C．An
experiment
report.
D．An
exploration
review.
解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第一段“Washington:
NASA
has
announced
evidence
...”及文章内容可推知，本文为一篇新闻报道。故选B项。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2016·唐山市高三一模)It's
normal
to
wake
briefly
during
the
night.
__1__
But
if
you're
waking
up
during
the
night
and
having
trouble
falling
back
asleep,
the
following
tips
may
help.
Stay
out
of
your
head.
The
key
to
getting
back
to
sleep
is
continuing
to
prepare
your
body
for
sleep,
so
remain
in
bed
in
a
relaxed
position.
Hard
as
it
may
be,
try
not
to
stress
over
the
fact
that
you're
awake,
because
that
very
stress
and
anxiety
encourage
your
body
to
stay
awake.
__2__
__3__
If
you
are
finding
it
hard
to
fall
back
asleep,
try
a
relaxation
technique
such
as
visualization
(想象)
or
deep
breathing,
which
can
be
done
without
even
getting
out
of
bed.
Remind
yourself
that
although
they're
not
a
replacement
for
sleep,
rest
and
relaxation
still
help
refresh
your
body.
Do
a
quiet,
non stimulating
activity.
If
you've
been
awake
for
more
than
15
minutes,
try
getting
out
of
bed
and
doing
a
quiet,
non stimulating
activity,
such
as
reading
a
book.
Keep
the
lights
dim
so
as
not
to
think
that
it's
time
to
wake
up.
__4__
A
light
snack
might
relax
you,
but
be
careful
not
to
eat
so
much
that
your
body
begins
to
expect
a
meal
at
that
time
of
the
day.
__5__
If
you
wake
during
the
night
feeling
anxious
about
something,
make
a
brief
note
of
it
on
paper
and
delay
worrying
about
it
until
the
next
day
when
you
are
fresh
and
it
will
be
easier
to
resolve.
A．Make
relaxation
your
goal,
not
sleep.
B．Put
off
worries
and
troubles.
C．Use
a
flashlight
to
go
to
the
bathroom
at
night.
D．In
fact,
a
good
sleeper
won't
even
remember
it.
E．Also
avoid
screens
of
any
kind
—
computers,
TVs,
cellphones
or
iPads.
F．You'll
be
much
more
productive
and
creative
after
a
good
night's
rest.
G．A
good
way
to
stay
out
of
your
head
is
to
focus
on
the
feeling
of
your
body.
答案：1～5　DGAEB
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2016·太原市高三第二学段测评)Reading
and
learning
new
words
is
about
finding
their
meaning
and
use
within
a
passage.
The
meaning
of
unknown
words
which
you
__1__
in
your
reading
sometimes
can
be
known
by
their
__2__，
that
is,
their
contexts.
The
context
of
the
sentence
can
tell
us
the
part
of
speech
(词性)
of
the
__3__
word.
Using
the
context
of
the
paragraph
to
define
unknown
words
can
also
be
__4__.
Readers
often
have
trouble
because
they
understand
the
sentence
word
by
word
instead
the
__5__
meaning
of
a
word,
when
they
should
identify
the
way
it
has
been
used
in
the
passage.
One
consideration
in
using
the
context
is
to
determine
the
unknown
word's
part
of
speech.
The
words
around
the
unknown
word
can
give
you
__6__.
Once
you
know
if
the
word
is
a
noun
or
an
adjective,
it
is
often
enough
for
you
to
__7__
reading
without
having
to
stop
to
look
up
the
meaning
of
the
word.
After
coming
across
the
word
a
few
more
times,
you
will
know
its
meaning
more
__8__
than
if
you
had
just
looked
it
up.
Comparison
clues
indicate
that
two
or
more
things
are
__9__.
A
comparison
is
possible
because
the
known
and
unknown
words
have
__10__.
The
likeness
shows
you
that
comparisons
can
be
made.
__11__
clues
tell
you
an
example
of
an
unknown
word.
Example
clues
are
usually
__12__
by
the
following
words
and
phrases:
such
as,
for
example,
and
like.
To
find
meaning
from
text based
clues,
you
should
look
for
clues
in
the
sentence.
A
second
kind
of
clue
does
not
__13__on
specific
words
to
indicate
meaning.
This
kind
of
context
clue
is
called
a
framework based
clue.
Your
knowledge
of
the
meaning
of
surrounding
words
__14__
you
discover
the
meaning
of
a
word
or
sentence.
Common
__15__
and
your
knowledge
of
the
parts
of
speech
also
help
defining
unknown
words.
For
example,
the
angry
driver
shouted
vehemently
during
his
fight
with
the
other
driver.
What
does
“vehemently”__16__？
You
know
what
__17__
means,
and
you
know
how
people
__18__
when
they
argue.
From
this,
you
can
__19__
out
that
“vehemently”
has
something
to
do
with
strong
__20__
or
intense
feeling.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几种在阅读过程中学习生词的方法和技巧。
1.A.take
down　　　　　　　　
B．look
up
C．come
across
D．pick
out
解析：选C　有时候你在阅读中所遇到的生词的意思可以通过语境知道其含义。take
down“记下”；look
up“查阅”；come
across“遇见”；pick
out“找出”。下文中的“After
coming
across
the
word
a
few
more
times”也是提示，故C项正确。
2．A.sentences
B．words
C．topics
D．surroundings
解析：选D　根据“that
is”可知，此空与contexts是同义词，与下文中的“The
words
around
the
unknown
word”和“Your
knowledge
of
the
meaning
of
surrounding
words”呼应，故D项正确。
3．A.unknown
B．abnormal
C．familiar
D．negative
解析：选A　句子的语境可以告诉我们生词的词性。与上文中的“unknown
words”呼应可知，此处是指生词，故A项正确。abnormal“不正常的”；familiar“熟悉的”；negative“负面的”。
4．A.unique
B．natural
C．helpful
D．common
解析：选C　利用段落的语境来确定生词也是有帮助的。与下文中的“Common
__15__
and
your
knowledge
of
the
parts
of
speech
also
help
defining
unknown
words.”呼应，故C项正确。
5．A.correct
B．inconvenient
C．different
D．satisfactory
解析：选A　读者经常遇到麻烦，因为他们逐字理解句子而不是(理解)一个词的正确意思。根据空格前的“Readers
often
have
trouble”可推知，读者没有理解一个词的正确意思，即A项正确。
6．A.cases
B．reasons
C．effects
D．clues
解析：选D　生词周围的词可以给你(提供)线索。与下文中的“Comparison
clues”呼应，故D项正确。
7．A.translate
B．interview
C．continue
D．examine
解析：选C　一旦你知道了这个词是名词还是形容词，那么你就可以不必停下来去查这个词的意思而继续读下去。根据空格后的“without
having
to
stop”可知，此处应用continue“继续”，故C项正确。
8．A.strangely
B．uncertainly
C．potentially
D．firmly
解析：选D　strangely“奇怪地”；uncertainly“犹豫地”；potentially“潜在地”；firmly“坚定地”。根据空格前的“After
coming
across
the
word
a
few
more
times”可知，在生词出现的频率较高的情况下，根据语境，读者就可以更加确定其具体的含义，故D项正确。
9．A.alike
B．meaningful
C．proper
D．great
解析：选A　比较性线索表明两个或多个事物是相似的。根据下文中的“The
likeness”可知，此处表示事物的相似性，故A项正确。
10．A.properties
B．similarities
C．possibilities
D．personalities
解析：选B　之所以可能作比较是因为认识的词和不认识的词之间有相似性。根据下文中的“The
likeness”可知，similarity“相似性”，符合语境。
11．A.Popularity
B．Consideration
C．Example
D．Comparison
解析：选C　例子线索会通过举例来提示读者。与空格后的“an
example”和“Example
clues”呼应，故C项正确。
12．A.affected
B．adjusted
C．changed
D．introduced
解析：选D　例子线索通常通过以下词或短语来提出。affect“影响”；adjust“调整”；change“改变”；introduce“提出”。故D项正确。
13．A.focus
B．spend
C．carry
D．rely
解析：选D　另一种线索并不是靠具体的词来表明(生词的)意思的。与上文“text based
clues”形成对比，这种线索不是依赖上下文而得出词义的，故D项正确。rely
on“依赖”，符合语境。
14．A.prevents
B．helps
C．tells
D．displays
解析：选B　你对附近的词的意思的理解有助于你了解一个词或一个句子的意思。故B项正确。
15．A.point
B．taste
C．awareness
D．sense
解析：选D　常识和对词性的了解也有助于(读者)给生词下定义。固定搭配：common
sense意为“常识”，符合语境，故D项正确。
16．A.mean
B．use
C．contain
D．complete
解析：选A　“vehemently”是什么意思呢？与下文中的“You
know
what
__17__
means”形成呼应，故A项正确。
17．A.angry
B．grateful
C．happy
D．anxious
解析：选A　你知道angry是什么意思，而且你(也)知道人们在争辩时的感受。与上文中的“the
angry
driver”呼应，故A项正确。
18．A.act
B．say
C．feel
D．think
解析：选C　根据上文中的“the
angry
driver”和空格所在句中的“how
people
__18__
when
they
argue”可推知，C项正确。
19．A.come
B．figure
C．take
D．set
解析：选B　由此你可以弄清楚“vehemently”与强烈的情感或紧张的情绪有关。come
out“出现；出版”；figure
out“弄明白”；take
out“切除”；set
out“出发”。
20．A.demand
B．ambition
C．attitude
D．emotion
解析：选D　demand“要求”；ambition“野心”；attitude“态度”；emotion“情感”。与语境“or
intense
feeling”呼应可知，此处表示情感，故D项正确。